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CIESM Congress 1995, Valletta, Article 0046

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CIESM Congress 1995, Valletta, Article 0046 LES HYDROIDES DE LA MER DE MARMARA BRYOZOAN AND FORAMINIFERAN FAUNAS OF THE QUA TERNARY SEDIMENTS FROM IZMIT BAY Ismail UNSAL Faculte des Sciences, Department de Biologie, Sec. Hydrobiologie, Ismail UNSALI, Antonietta ROSS02, Engin MERIC3, Oktay CETIN4 Universite d'Istanbul, Turquie I Istambul Universitesi, Fen Fak., Biyoloji Bo!Umti, Vezneciler, Istambul, Turkey 2 Istituto Policattedra di Oceanologia e Paleoecologia, Corso Italia, 55, Catania, Italy Cette recherche a ete faite dans le but de decouvrir les differentes especes 3Istambul Universitesi, Muhendislik Fak.,Jeoloji Mtihendisligi Boltimti, Istambul, Turkey d'Hydroides de !a mer de Marmara. Jusqu'a nos jours, aucune recherche serieuse 4 O.D.T.U., Fen-Edebiyat Fak., Fizik Boltimti, 06531 Ankara, Turkey n'avait ete effectu6e dans ce domaine dans les eaux territoriales turques de Ia M6diterranee orientale, Ia mer Egee et Ia mer Noire. Ce n'est que dans une seule Quaternary faunas of the Sea of Marmara zone are still poorly known. This paper deals region de Ia mer de Marmara que certaines €tudes avaient 6t€ r6alis6es : aux with bryozoans and forams from the Quaternary sediments of Izmit bay, a narrow alentours du Bosphore et des 1les de Princes (DEMIR, 1952). Le sujet a ete traite Iars embayment located along the eastern coast of the Sea of Marmara. The bay is elongated d'une etude generale faunistique et 23 especes ont ete determinees. Certes. ce chiffre in a E-W direction in correspondence to the Pontide central uplift zone (SAKAJv1URA. ne correspondait pas au nombre d 'especes vivant dans Ia mer de Marmara. Pour ce 1971 fide PIRAZZOLI et at., 1991) following the regional main geodynamic context. qui est de Ia M6diterranee, plusieurs auteurs ont approximativement fixe une Recent sediments of Izmit Bay consist of muds. silts, sands, sandy and muddy clays and centaine d'especes; NAUMOV (1960) et MANEA (1968) ont determine 18 especes gravels which alternate with each other, sometimes within the thickness of a few metres, dans la mer Noire. La mer de Marmara se situant dans une r6gion qui forme un recording a strong variability of sedimentation trough time. Layers of gravels at depth are especially useful as guides in constructing the stratigraphy. Studied samples come from passage entre Ia N16diterran€e et Ia mer Noire, il etait important de faire des nine different drill-sites on a proposed bridge-crossing the bay. From the South to the recherches en vue de definir les differentes especes pouvant s'y abriter. North, these are KS-2, S-5, S-3, S-8, S-7, S-2, S-4, S-1 and S-6. Only the southermost Les echantillons de cette recherche ont ete obtenus dans les materiels benthiques drill-site (KS-2) is located on land while the other eight are situated in the bay. Seven of de profondeur (allant jusqu'a 200m) et recoltes a !'aide d'engins comme le trawl, le these drills end at about 80 metres in the Quaternary sediments, while only the two a beam-trawl, Ia drague, etc. Au cours des deux dernif::res annees, des excursions northernmost ones (S-1 and S-6) reach the overlying substratum (locally represented by regulihes se sont poursuivies tous les mois dans le but de recolter les colonies avec Triassic rocks) at 50 and 26.50 m, respectively. Bryozoans are completely absent from des individus reproducteurs. Le materiel benthique de Ia mer de Marmara a ete ainsi SK-2 and S-4 cores and usually lacking or poorly represented in the basal parts of other recolte dans plus de 250 stations. cores. Moreover, they are present in sediments exclusively made up by gravels or to some Pour determiner les especes, nous nous semmes nSfenSs aux auteurs suivants : extent containing gravels. Finally, bryozoan associations are typically oligo-to­ CORNELIUS, 1975, 1979, 1982; CORNELIUS & GARFATH, 1980; DEMIR, monospecific comprising at most four species in a single sample. In most cases. only one 1952; GILlet at., 1989; HINCKS, 1868; MANEA, 1968; MORRI & BOERO, 1986; taxon, sometimes with a single specimen, is found. On the whole, nine species, belonging NAUMOV, 1960; RAMIL eta/., 1992; SVOBODA & CORNELIUS, 1991; to nine genera, have been found : Crisia ebumea (L.), Caberea boryi (Aud.), Cellaria VERVOORT, 1972. salicomioides Lamoreux, Scrupocellaria scruposa (L.), Escharoides mamilla/a (Wood), A Ia suite de cette recherche, nous avons fixe 1' existence de 38 especes vivant Scizizomavella sp., Hippaliosina depressa (Busk), Cryplosula paiiasiana (Moll) and Cel/eporina Iucida (Hincks). All live in the Recent Mediterranean Sea, except dans lamer de Marmara. Dix-huit d'entre elles ont recemment decouvertes aussi ete Schizoporella sp.. No species typical of the Black Sea has been found. From the analysis bien dans Ia faune de Marmara que dans celle de Ia Turquie. Ces especes sont : of the bryozan faunas, it has been possible to distinguish three different groups of cores : Bougainvillia ramosa (Van Beneden, 1844 ), Dicoryne conferta (Alder, 1856), I) S-2, S-3 and S-5 cores, characterized by the exclusive presence of C. pallasiana, Hvdractinia echinata (Fleming, 1828), Eudendrium ramosum (Linnaeus, 1758), an euryhaline species of the second degree (WINSTON, 1977), sometimes associated Stegopoma fastigiatum (Alder, 1860), Ha/ecium halecinum (Linnaeus, 1758), with Schizomavella sp.; Halecium beanii (Johnston, 1838). Filellum serratum (Clarke, 1879), Filellum 2) S-1 and S- 6 cores, showing a basal part somewhat similar to the previous group, serpens (Hassal, 1848), Lafoea gracillima (Alder, 1856), Acryptolaria conferta while the top evolves to more rich and diversified communities comprising both conferta (Allman, 1877), Orthopyxis calicuiata (Hincks, 1863), Obelia flabellata euryhaline species of the first degree (WINSTON, 1977), such as S. scruposa and C. (Hincks, 1863), Laomedea exigua (Sars, 1857), Plumularia syriaca (Billard, 1930), eburnea together with the normal marine species C.bmyi and E. mamillata. Nemertesia antennina (Linnaeus, 1758), Nemertesia ramosa (Lamoureux, 1816), 3) S-7 and S-8 cores, where only typical marine species, such as C. boryi, C. Thecocarpus myriophyllum (Linnaeus, 1758). salicornioides, H. depressa and C. Iucida, were discovered. D'autre part, nous avons trouve les 20 autres especes dans des zones qui n'avaient Foraminiferan faunas have been studied for the southernmost cores (S-5 and S-3). pas ete prospectees auparavant, ce sont: Syncoryne sarsii (Loven, 1835), Syncoryne They are exclusively made up by benthic species and planctonic forms are lacking. Along S-5 core. between 8.00 and 22.70 m the following species have been determined eximia (Allman, 1864 ), Tubularia larynx (Linnaeus, 1758), Podocoryne carnea : Spiroloculina depressa d'Orb., Siphonaperta aspera (d'Orb.), S. dilatata (le Calvez J. (Sars, 1846), Perigonimus repens (Wright, 1857), Atractylis arenosa (Alder, 1857), & Y.), Massilina secans (d'Orb.), Quinqueloculina cf bidentata d'Orb., Q. laevigata Eudendrium capillare (Alder, 1856). Eudendrium rameum (Pallas. 1766), d'Orb., Q. seminula (L.), Milionella subrotunda (Montagu), Triloculina marioni Sertularella po/yzonias (Linnaeus, 1758), Lafoea dumosa (Fleming ,1820), Clytia Schlumberger, T. tricarinata d'Orb., Neoconorbina orbicularis (Terquem), Rosa/ina hemsiphaerica (Linnaeus, 1767), Obelia bidentata (Clarke, 1875), Obelia gelatinosa bradyi Cushman, Lobatula lobatula (Walker-Jacob), Cibicides floridanus (Cushman), (Pallas, 1766), Obelia dichotoma (Linnaeus, 1758), Gonothyraea gracilis (Sars, Asterigerinata mamilla (Williamson), Ammonia compacta (Hofker), A. parasovica 1857), Gonothyraea loveni (Allman, 1859), Laomedea angulata (Hincks, 1861 ), Stshedrina-Mayer, A. parkinsoniww (d'Orb.), Porosononion sp., Elphidium advenum Laomedea flexuosa (Alder, I 857), Plumularia halecioides (Alder, 1859). (Cushman), E. complanatum (d'Orb.), E. crispum (L.), E. macellum (Fichtel-Moll), E. Aglaophenia pluma (Linnaeus, 1758). polllicum Dolgopolskaya-Pauli. Along S-3 core, between 44.00 and 80.20 m the Fig. 1: La mer de Marmara following species have been identified: Spiroplectinel/a sagittula (d'Orb.), Textularia sagittula Defrance, T. truncata HOglund, Spiroloculina excavata d'Orb., S. ornata d'Orb., Cycloforina calami (Le Calvez J. & Y.), Quinqueloculina limbata d'Orb., Q. seminula (L.), Biloculinella depressa (Wiesner), Milionella labiosa (d'Orb.), M. subrotunda (Montagu), Pthycomiliola separans (Brady), Pyrgo elongata (d'Orb.), Triloculina marioni Schlumberger, Lenticulina gibba (d'Orb.), Lagena mol/is Cushman, L. cf. vulgaris Williamson, Favulina hexagmza (Montagu), Brizalina alata (Seguenza), B. spathulata (Williamson), Cassidulina carina/a Silvestri, Rectuvigerina phlegri le Calvez, Bulimina acu/eata d'Orb., B. elongata d'Orb., B. marginata d'Orb., Reussella spinulosa (Reuss), Fursenkoina complanata Egger, Valvulineria bradyana (Fornasini), Neoconorbina orbicularis (Terquem), Rosa/ina bradyi Cushman, Hyalinea baltica (Schroter), Lobatula lobatula (Walker-Jacob), Cibicides advenum (d'Orb.), C. floridanus (Cushman), Planorbuiina mediterranensis d'Orb., Asterigerinata mamilla (Williamson), Biasterigerina planorbis (d'Orb.), Hynesina depressula (Walker-Jacob), REFERENCES Pu/lenia sp., Nonionella opima Cushman, N. turgida (Williamson), Gyroidina umbonata (Silvestri), Aubignyna perlucida (Heron-Allen-Earlan), Ammonia compacta CORNELIUS. P.F.S .. I975. The hydroid species of Obelia (Coelenterata, Hydrozoa: (Hofker), A. parasovica Stshedrina-Mayer, A. parkinsoniana (d'Orb.), Elphidium Campanulariidae), with notes on the medusa stage. Bull. Br. Mus. (Nat.Hist.), Zool., 28 (6): 249~293
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