DOCSLIB.ORG

Economic Developments and Reforms in Cooperation Partner Countries: the Link Between Economics, Security and Stability

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS AND REFORMS IN COOPERATION PARTNER COUNTRIES: THE LINK BETWEEN ECONOMICS, SECURITY AND STABILITY L’EVOLUTION ET LES REFORMES ECONOMIQUES DANS LES PAYS PARTENAIRES DE LA COOPERATION: LE LIEN ENTRE L’ECONOMIE, LA SECURITE ET LA STABILITE Reiner Weichhardt Editor Deputy Director Economics Directorate, NATO ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS AND REFORMS IN COOPERATION PARTNER COUNTRIES: THE LINK BETWEEN ECONOMICS, SECURITY AND STABILITY Colloquium 3-5 November 1999 Brussels L’EVOLUTION ET LES REFORMES ECONOMIQUES DANS LES PAYS PARTENAIRES DE LA COOPERATION: LE LIEN ENTRE L’ECONOMIE, LA SECURITE ET LA STABILITE Colloque 3-5 novembre 1999 Bruxelles Copyright © 2000 NATO All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means: electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, pho- tocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission in writing from the copyright holders. First edition 2000 ISBN: 92-845-0137-7 This is the latest in a series bringing together papers presented at the NATO colloquia organised by the NATO Economics Directorate and Office of Information and Press on economic issues in the former USSR and Central and East European countries. For further information please write to the Director, Office of Information and Press, 1110 Brussels, Belgium. The articles contained in this volume represent the views of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official opinion or policy of member governments or NATO Contents Preface Reiner Weichhardt Deputy Director, Economics Directorate, NATO 13 Opening Remarks Ambassador Sergio Balanzino Deputy Secretary General, NATO 15 Commemorative Speech Philip Joseph, OBE Former Deputy Director, Economics Directorate, NATO 18 Keynote Speech Evhen Bercheda Premier vice-ministre des Affaires étrangères de l’Ukraine 23 Chairman’s Summary Daniel George Director, Economics Directorate, NATO 31 PANEL I: SOUTH-EASTERN EUROPE THE LINK BETWEEN ECONOMICS, SECURITY AND STABILITY: THE CASE OF SOUTH-EASTERN EUROPE Ambassador Lazar Comanescu Head of Mission of Romania to NATO 36 RULE OF LAW AND ECONOMIC GROWTH - HOW STRONG IS THEIR INTERACTION? Genc Ruli Director of the Albanian Institute for Contemporary Studies, Tirana 43 BULGARIA - THE NEW STABILITY George Prohasky Director, Centre for Economic Development, Sofia 48 7 THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS IN CONTRIBUTING TO ECONOMIC SECURITY: RECONSTRUCTION OF THE BALKANS Spiros Voyadzis Manager of the Brussels Office, The World Bank 61 DEVELOPING THE ECONOMIES OF SOUTH-EASTERN EUROPE Harry Cohen NATO Parliamentary Assembly, Sub-Committee on East-West Economic Cooperation and Convergence, Chairman (United Kingdom) 66 MAKING A DIFFERENCE IN THE BALKANS: THE EAST-WEST INSTITUTE ACTION NETWORK FOR SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE Vera Budway Director, Action Network for South Eastern Europe, Prague 87 PANEL II: RUSSIA ECONOMIE, SECURITE ET STABILITE EN RUSSIE: DES ENCHAINEMENTS FATALS? Gérard Wild Centre d’Etudes Prospectives et d’Informations Internationales (CEPII), Paris 92 RUSSIAN ECONOMY: ON THE VERGE OF GROWTH OR STAGNATION? Andrej Klepach Senior Researcher, Institute of Economic Forecasting, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 104 RUSSIA’S LABOUR MARKET: ADJUSTMENT WITHOUT RESTRUCTURING. Rostislav Kapeliouchnikov Senior Researcher, Institute of World Economy and International Relations, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 120 8 COMMENTS ON THE PAPERS OF GERARD WILD, ANDREJ KLEPACH AND ROSTISLAV KAPELIOUCHNIKOV Silvana Malle Head of Division, Economics Directorate, OECD, Paris 126 THE RUSSIAN ECONOMY IN MARCH 2000 Keith Bush Director, Russian and Eurasian Program, Center for Strategic and International Studies, Washington, DC 133 PANEL III: UKRAINE PROSPECTS FOR ECONOMIC SECURITY AND GROWTH IN UKRAINE David Snelbecker Policy Advisor, Harvard University, Ukraine Macroeconomic Reform Project, Kyiv 159 THE IMPACT OF THE SOVIET LEGACY ON REFORMS IN UKRAINE Vira Nanivska Director of the International Centre for Policy Studies, Kyiv 170 LE CAS DE L’UKRAINE: L’INDEPENDENCE ET APRES? Olivier de Laroussilhe Commission Européenne - Direction Générale des Relations Extérieures 177 COMMENTS ON THE PAPERS SUBMITTED BY DAVID SNELBECKER, VIRA NANIVSKA AND OLIVIER DE LAROUSSILHE Alexander Kennaway Conflict Studies Research Centre, Royal Military Academy, Sandhurst, UK 184 TRENDS IN UKRAINIAN ECONOMIC RESTRUCTURING Natalia V. Berezniak Head, Euro-Atlantic Cooperation Department, Directorate of the European Union and International Technical Aid, Ministry of Economy, Kyiv 198 9 UKRAINE: THE ECONOMY AS A SOURCE OF INSECURITY Todor Dimitrov Head of the Centre for Strategic Development, Institute for Advanced Studies, Vienna 202 PANEL IV: SOUTHERN CAUCASUS WITH PARTICULAR FOCUS ON ENERGY ISSUES TRANSCAUCASUS AND THE CASPIAN REGION WITH PARTICULAR FOCUS ON ENERGY ISSUES Friedemann Müller Senior Researcher, Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik, Ebenhausen, Germany 207 TRANSCAUCASUS AND THE CASPIAN REGION WITH PARTICULAR FOCUS ON ENERGY ISSUES Neil MacFarlane Director, Centre for International Studies, St. Anne’s College, University of Oxford, UK 219 TRANSCAUCASUS AND THE CASPIAN REGION WITH PARTICULAR FOCUS ON ENERGY ISSUES Matljuba Fazilova Institute of Strategic Research of Uzbekistan, Tashkent 226 SOUTHERN CAUCASUS WITH PARTICULAR FOCUS ON ENERGY ISSUES David Aptsiauri Director of International Economic Relations, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Georgia 228 THE CASPIAN/CAUCASUS REGION WITH PARTICULAR FOCUS ON ENERGY AND WATER ISSUES Kairat Abuseitov Director of the Multilateral Cooperation Department, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Kazakhstan 231 10 THE LINK BETWEEN ECONOMICS, SECURITY AND STABILITY IN THE SOUTHERN CAUCASUS Fikret M. Pashayev Head of Division, Department of International Economic Organizations, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Azerbaijan 235 ECONOMIC AND STRATEGIC STAKES IN THE CASPIAN ENERGY MARKETS Mariano Alierta NATO Parliamentary Assembly, Sub-Committee on East-West Economic Cooperation and Convergence, Rapporteur (Spain) 240 PANEL V: CONCLUDING ASSESSMENT OF THE LINK BETWEEN ECONOMICS, STABILITY AND SECURITY THE FUNDAMENTALS OF ECONOMIC STABILITY AND SECURITY IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE Todor Dimitrov Head of the Centre for Strategic Development, Institute for Advanced Studies, Vienna 257 ECONOMICS AND SECURITY: COMMENTS AND A SUGGESTED FRAMEWORK Martin C. Spechler Professor of Economics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA 264 THE LINK BETWEEN ECONOMICS, STABILITY AND SECURITY. IN A TRANSFORMING ECONOMY Katarzyna Zukrowska Institute of Development and Strategic Studies, Warsaw 269 DYNAMICS OF THE “ECONOMY-SECURITY” NEXUS IN TRANSITION STATES Daniel Daianu Professor of Economics, Academy of Economic Studies, Bucharest and former Finance Minister of Romania 284 11 A GEOPOLITICAL ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIC TRANSITION AND ITS IMPACT UPON SECURITY IN EUROPE Peter Sutcliffe NATO Economics Directorate 291 ADDITIONAL PAPERS SUBMITTED BIELORUSSIE: ECLAIRAGES SUR LE PAYS ET EVOLUTION ECONOMIQUE RECENTE Jérôme Garcia Ingénieur de l’armement, Direction des Relations Internationales, Délégation Générale pour l’Armement, Paris 307 INVESTMENT AND TRADE POLICY OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS Igor Ugorich Head of Department, Foreign Trade Administration, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Belarus 321 ANNEX THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE ECONOMICS COLLOQUIUM TO NATO’S ECONOMIC AGENDA: AN EVOLUTION OVER 30 YEARS Philip Joseph, OBE Former Deputy Director, Economics Directorate, NATO 332 12 PREFACE Reiner Weichhardt Deputy Director, Economics Directorate, NATO The 1999 NATO Economics Colloquium - one of the main events under the Action Plan 1998-2000 of the Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council - dealt with the link between economic developments, security and stability in Cooperation Partner countries. This thematic approach - demonstrating NATO’s awareness of economic factors in its endeavour of projecting security and stability to Central and Eastern Europe - raised great interest among some 150 experts from academia, business, government and international organisations. A particularly strong contribution was made by members of the Economic Committee of the NATO Parliamentary Assembly. The conference, chaired by Mr. Daniel George, NATO’s Director of Economic Affairs, was opened by Deputy Secretary General, Ambassador Sergio Balanzino. The Keynote Speech was delivered by First Deputy Foreign Minister of Ukraine, Dr. Evhen Bersheda. In an introductory session special tribute was paid to NATO’s 50 th anniversary in 1999, commemorating the development and the rôle of the Economics Colloquium over many years. The conference subject was broken down into a series of concrete case studies highlighting the link between economy and security. Particular attention was paid to developments in South-Eastern Europe, Russia, Ukraine, Belarus and the Southern Caucasus. These are regions where economic development on the one hand and political and social stability on the other hand are particularly intimately linked. Various pertinent issues were discussed such as economic performance and reforms in a broader political and social context, crucial sectoral developments, economic risk factors, regional cooperation and short- and medium- term economic outlook on the eve of the 21st century. In a concluding Panel, an overall assessment on the economic dimension of a comprehensive security concept was made. A concise overview of the presentations and discussions can be found in the Chairman’s
Recommended publications
  • QUARTERLY ACTIVITY REPORT 2013 by Nils Muižnieks

    QUARTERLY ACTIVITY REPORT 2013 by Nils Muižnieks

    Strasbourg, 18 September 2013 CommDH(2013)16 2ND QUARTERLY ACTIVITY REPORT 2013 by Nils Muižnieks Commissioner for Human Rights 1 April to 30 June 2013 Presented to the Committee of Ministers and the Parliamentary Assembly CommDH(2013)16 CONTENTS 1. Overview ....................................................................................................... 3 2. Missions and Visits ....................................................................................... 4 3. Reports and continuous dialogue................................................................ 10 4. Themes ....................................................................................................... 14 5. Other Meetings ........................................................................................... 17 6. Human rights defenders .............................................................................. 18 7. Communication and Information work ......................................................... 19 8. Next three months ....................................................................................... 21 9. Observations and reflections ...................................................................... 22 2 CommDH(2013)16 1. Overview In the second quarter of 2013, I touched upon issues related to police misconduct in a number of country visits, reports and media interventions pertaining to Greece, Russia, Spain, Azerbaijan and Turkey. News reports suggest that the issue is not confined to these countries, but is widespread throughout
  • The Russians Are Coming

    The Russians Are Coming

    CCC-LeBaron 1 (1-64) 8/16/02 9:36 AM Page 5 CHAPTER ONE The Russians Are Coming MIGHT NEVER HAVE GONE to Russia had it not been for two phone calls, one Ifax, and a submarine. The first call, in the summer of 1990, was from a friend who led a Boston-based research group called Defense and Disarmament. Together with the Soviet Academy of Sciences, his organization was sponsoring “Swords into Plowshares,” a conference at Harvard University focused on production conversion, military to civilian, in both the United States and the Soviet Union. Would I be interested in addressing that unusual as- sembly? I would indeed. Harvard’s venerable red brick buildings and the placid Charles River seemed an appropriate setting for the subject. But I noticed an important disparity. The Soviets sent high-ranking government officials and senior managers of the factories that produced military hardware. The United States was represented by a sprinkling of middle-level managers from military-industrial companies like General Electric and Raytheon. That the American companies attached little importance or urgency to con- verting from military to civilian production was evidenced by the ranks of their representatives. In their choice of delegation leader, the Soviets sent a very different sig- nal. Vladimir Koblov was first deputy chairman, and soon to be chairman, of 5 CCC-LeBaron 1 (1-64) 8/16/02 9:36 AM Page 6 6 RUSSIA the State Commission on Military Industrial Production of the Council of Ministers of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (U.S.S.R.) (the “State Commission”).
  • There Has Been No Bulgarian Tradition of Any Long-Standing Resistance to the Communist Regime

    There Has Been No Bulgarian Tradition of Any Long-Standing Resistance to the Communist Regime

    There has been no Bulgarian tradition of any long-standing resistance to the communist regime. There was neither any political opposition, nor any other kind of an influential dissident movement. Bulgaria never went through the purgatory of the Hungarian uprising of 1956, or the “Prague spring” of 1968. It is indeed difficult to find any counter arguments whatsoever against the cliché that Bul- garia was the closest satellite of the Soviet Union. The fundamental contradictions within the Union of Democratic Forces (SDS) coalition were present from the very first day of its inception. There were Marxists who were longing for “socialism with a human face”, intellectuals with liberal ideas, social democrats and Christian democrats, conservatives and radical demo- crats, monarchists and republicans. The members of the center-right coalition did not delude themselves about their differences; they rather shared the clear un- derstanding that only a painful compromise could stand some chances against the Goliath of the totalitarian Bulgarian Communist Party (BKP). It was this unani- mous opposition to the communist regime and its legacy that made the coalition possible. But only for a limited period of time. The United Democratic Forces (ODS) government under Prime Minister Ivan Kostov (1997-2001) completed the reformist agenda of anti-communism. At the end of the ODS term of office, Bulgaria was a country with a functioning market economy, stable democracy, and a clearly outlined foreign policy course towards the country’s accession to the European Union and NATO, which was accepted by all significant political formations, the Bulgarian Socialist Party (BSP) included.
  • Chronology of Key Events

    Chronology of Key Events

    Chronology of key events 1990 13 July 1990 With a Declaration of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Bulgaria accepts the invitation extended by NATO to establish regular diplomatic liaison. Mrs. Lea Cohen, Bulgarian Ambassador to Belgium, is authorized to maintain diplomatic liaison with NATO. 1991 4 April 1991 Establishment of the Atlantic Club of Bulgaria, the first non-governmental Atlantic association outside NATO member states. Since October 1992, the Atlantic Club of Bulgaria has been associated with the Atlantic Treaty Association (ATA), initially as an observer and later as an associate member. 12-14 June 1991 Dr Manfred Wörner pays the first official visit of NATO Secretary General to Bulgaria. 20 December 1991 Bulgaria participates as a co-founding state in the inaugural meeting of the North Atlantic Cooperation Council (NACC). 1994 14 February 1994 The President of Bulgaria, Zhelyu Zhelev, signs the Partnership for Peace Framework Document at NATO Headquarters. 25 November 1994 Bulgarian Deputy Foreign Minister Todor Churov visits NATO Headquarters. Bulgaria’s PfP Individual Partnership Program with NATO is formally accepted. 1995 28 September 1995 Bulgaria participates in a meeting at NATO Headquarters for a presentation of the conclusions of the Study on NATO Enlargement to NACC and PfP Cooperation partners. 16 October 1995 Bulgaria accedes to the Status of Forces Agreement between the NATO member states and the PfP countries (ratified by the National Assembly on 5 April 1996). 1996 1996-1998 Bulgaria participates in a number of meetings with NATO within the Intensified Dialogue with interested partners on NATO membership issues. 2-3 May 1996 NATO Secretary General Javier Solana visits Bulgaria.
  • Nazi-Confiscated Art Issues

    Nazi-Confiscated Art Issues

    Nazi-Confiscated Art Issues Dr. Jonathan Petropoulos PROFESSOR, DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY, LOYOLA COLLEGE, MD UNITED STATES Art Looting during the Third Reich: An Overview with Recommendations for Further Research Plenary Session on Nazi-Confiscated Art Issues It is an honor to be here to speak to you today. In many respects it is the highpoint of the over fifteen years I have spent working on this issue of artworks looted by the Nazis. This is a vast topic, too much for any one book, or even any one person to cover. Put simply, the Nazis plundered so many objects over such a large geographical area that it requires a collaborative effort to reconstruct this history. The project of determining what was plundered and what subsequently happened to these objects must be a team effort. And in fact, this is the way the work has proceeded. Many scholars have added pieces to the puzzle, and we are just now starting to assemble a complete picture. In my work I have focused on the Nazi plundering agencies1; Lynn Nicholas and Michael Kurtz have worked on the restitution process2; Hector Feliciano concentrated on specific collections in Western Europe which were 1 Jonathan Petropoulos, Art as Politics in the Third Reich (Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press). Also, The Faustian Bargain: The Art World in Nazi Germany (New York/Oxford: Oxford University Press, forthcoming, 1999). 2 Lynn Nicholas, The Rape of Europa: The Fate of Europe's Treasures in the Third Reich and the Second World War (New York: Alfred Knopf, 1994); and Michael Kurtz, Nazi Contraband: American Policy on the Return of European Cultural Treasures (New York: Garland, 1985).
  • International Political Economy: Perspectives, Structures & Global

    International Political Economy: Perspectives, Structures & Global

    اﻟﻣﺟﻠﺔ اﻟﻌراﻗﯾﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﻠوم اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ /Iraqi Journal for Economic Sciences اﻟﺳﻧﺔ اﻟﺗﺎﺳﻌﺔ –اﻟﻌدد اﻟﺛﺎﻣن واﻟﻌﺷرون/٢٠١١ International Political Economy: Perspectives, Structures & Global Problems Dr. Hanaa A. HAMMOOD Abstract This essay focuses on contemporary International Political Economy IPE science. IPE today widely appreciated and the subject of much theoretical research and applied policy analysis. The political actions of nation-states clearly affect international trade and monetary flows, which in turn affect the environment in which nation-states make political choices and entrepreneurs, make economic choices. It seems impossible to consider important questions of International Politics or International Economics without taking these mutual influences and effects into account .Both economic (market) and political (state) forces shape outcomes in international economic affairs. The interplay of these and their importance has increased as “globalization” has proceeded in recent years. Today’s Iraq faces many political, economic and social complex challenges, thus its openness and its integration into the global economy are necessary to overcome political and economic transition’s obstacles. This required an analysis within the frame of IPE to help economists, policy makers and civil society understand how economic and political conditions around the world impact present and future development in Iraq. The nature of dynamic interaction between state ( power-politic) and market ( wealth- economy) in changing globalized world will led in Iraq post – conflict country that their parallel existence often create tensions and greater economic and social role for the state. Iraq’s today face three main challenges; political challenge, financial resources challenge, and finally economic reforms challenges. Mixed economy for Iraq is perfect to move into a liberal economic system open to the global market conflict.
  • Economic Liberalization and Its Impact on Human Development: a Comparative Analysis of Turkey and Azerbaijan Mayis G

    Economic Liberalization and Its Impact on Human Development: a Comparative Analysis of Turkey and Azerbaijan Mayis G

    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL & SCIENCE EDUCATION 2016, VOL. 11, NO. 17, 9753-9771 OPEN ACCESS Economic liberalization and its impact on human development: A Comparative analysis of Turkey and Azerbaijan Mayis G. Gulaliyeva, Nuri I. Okb, Fargana Q. Musayevaa, Rufat J. Efendiyeva, Jamila Q. Musayevac, and Samira R. Agayevaa aThe Institute of Economics of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Baku, AZERBAIJAN; bIbrahim Chechen University, Agri, TURKEY; cMingachevir State University, Mingachevir, AZERBAIJAN. ABSTRACT The aim of the article is to study the nature of liberalization as a specific economic process, which is formed and developed under the influence of the changing conditions of the globalization and integration processes in the society, as well as to identify the characteristic differences in the processes of liberalization of Turkey and Azerbaijan economies (using the method of comparative analysis of these countries' development indices). The objectives of this study: the characterization of the liberalization process as a specific economic process; a comparative analysis of the Turkey and Azerbaijan economic development conditions; the improvement of the theoretical justification of influence the process of economic liberalization on the development of society. The article presents the comparative analysis of the Turkey and Azerbaijan economic development conditions by using new research method as index of leftness (rightness) of economy. It was revealed that the Azerbaijan economy compared with the economy of Turkey is using more “right” methods of economy regulation. The Turkish economy is more prone to fluctuations in the studied parameters, at the same time, a main way of Turkish economy development is the direction towards increased liberalization, while the simultaneous growth of indicators of the human development.
  • RUSSIA WATCH Duncan Deville, Guest Editor Graham T

    RUSSIA WATCH Duncan Deville, Guest Editor Graham T

    RUSSIA WATCH Duncan DeVille, Guest Editor Graham T. Allison, Director Analysis and Commentary Danielle Lussier, Assistant Editor Strengthening Democratic Institutions Project Editorial Staff: Melissa Carr, David John F. Kennedy School of Government Rekhviashvili, Annaliis Abrego, John Harvard University No. 7, March 2002 Grennan Rule of Law in Russia: The Wild East No More? Russian support for U.S. efforts in The new Criminal the war on terrorism has surprised Procedure Code. Long many Western observers. But this advocated by Western legal was not the only recent surprise experts as an important step in the development of the rule of law, from Moscow Western — the new Criminal Procedure Code advocates for the rule of law in will divest power from Russia’s (continued on p. 3) Russia also had much to celebrate in the closing months of 2001. Under IN THIS ISSUE: strong prodding by President Sergei Stepashin, p. 9 Vladimir Putin, the Duma passed several impressive pieces Chairman of the Auditing Chamber of the Russian Federation of reform legislation, including an entirely new Criminal Rule of Law and the Peculiarities of Russia Procedure Code, a potentially revolutionary land reform * law, new shareholder protections in amendments to the Scott Boylan, p. 10 Joint Stock Company Law, and the first post-Soviet Labor Regional Director for Eurasia, U.S. Department of Justice Long Awaited Russian Criminal Procedure Code is Enacted Code. * All of these bills had been stalled in the State Stephen Handleman, p. 13 Duma since the mid-1990s despite — or because of — Time Magazine International former President Boris Yeltsin’s efforts to get them passed.
  • The Russian Legitimation Formula - 1991-2000

    The Russian Legitimation Formula - 1991-2000

    THE RUSSIAN LEGITIMATION FORMULA - 1991-2000 Carolina Vendil The Government Department LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS AND POLITICAL SCIENCE Thesis submitted for PhD degree Supervisor: Professor Dominic Lieven Advisor: Professor Rodney Barker - 1 - UMI Number: U174000 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U174000 Published by ProQuest LLC 2014. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 Ti-f£$£ IP ^6^771 Abstract The Russian legitimation formula contains the arguments the Russian leadership advanced to promote its state-building project between 1991 and 2000. The period of investigation coincides with Yeltsin’s presidency. The focus is on how the legitimation rhetoric was adjusted both to changing circumstances over time and to three main audiences: the Russian domestic population, the Russian domestic elites and the international community. In order to analyse the contents of the legitimation formula a framework was developed which divided the different arguments used by the Russian leadership into six main categories (democratic, national, charismatic, eudaemonic, external and negative arguments). The material selected for analysis had to relate to basic features of statehood.
  • Market Socialism As a Distinct Socioeconomic Formation Internal to the Modern Mode of Production

    Market Socialism As a Distinct Socioeconomic Formation Internal to the Modern Mode of Production

    New Proposals: Journal of Marxism and Interdisciplinary Inquiry Vol. 5, No. 2 (May 2012) Pp. 20-50 Market Socialism as a Distinct Socioeconomic Formation Internal to the Modern Mode of Production Alberto Gabriele UNCTAD Francesco Schettino University of Rome ABSTRACT: This paper argues that, during the present historical period, only one mode of production is sustainable, which we call the modern mode of production. Nevertheless, there can be (both in theory and in practice) enough differences among the specific forms of modern mode of production prevailing in different countries to justify the identification of distinct socioeconomic formations, one of them being market socialism. In its present stage of evolution, market socialism in China and Vietnam allows for a rapid development of productive forces, but it is seriously flawed from other points of view. We argue that the development of a radically reformed and improved form of market social- ism is far from being an inevitable historical necessity, but constitutes a theoretically plausible and auspicable possibility. KEYWORDS: Marx, Marxism, Mode of Production, Socioeconomic Formation, Socialism, Communism, China, Vietnam Introduction o our view, the correct interpretation of the the most advanced mode of production, capitalism, presently existing market socialism system (MS) was still prevailing only in a few countries. Yet, Marx Tin China and Vietnam requires a new and partly confidently predicted that, thanks to its intrinsic modified utilization of one of Marx’s fundamental superiority and to its inbuilt tendency towards inces- categories, that of mode of production. According to sant expansion, capitalism would eventually embrace Marx, different Modes of Production (MPs) and dif- the whole world.
  • Anti-Communism, Neoliberalisation, Fascism by Bozhin Stiliyanov

    Anti-Communism, Neoliberalisation, Fascism by Bozhin Stiliyanov

    Post-Socialist Blues Within Real Existing Capitalism: Anti-Communism, Neoliberalisation, Fascism by Bozhin Stiliyanov Traykov A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Sociology University of Alberta © Bozhin Stiliyanov Traykov, 2020 Abstract This project draws on Alex William’s (2020) contribution to Gramscian studies with the concept of complex hegemony as an emergent, dynamic and fragile process of acquiring power in socio- political economic systems. It examines anti-communism as an ideological element of neoliberal complex hegemony in Bulgaria. By employing a Gramcian politico-historical analysis I explore examples of material and discursive ideological practices of anti-communism. I show that in Bulgaria, anti-communism strives to operate as hegemonic, common-sensual ideology through legislative acts, production of historiography, cultural and educational texts, and newly invented traditions. The project examines the process of rehabilitation of fascist figures and rise of extreme nationalism, together with discrediting of the anti-fascist struggle and demonizing of the welfare state within the totalitarian framework of anti-communism. Historians Enzo Traverso (2016, 2019), Domenico Losurdo (2011) and Ishay Landa (2010, 2016) have traced the undemocratic roots of economic liberalism and its (now silenced) support of fascism against the “Bolshevik threat.” They have shown that, whether enunciated by fascist regimes or by (neo)liberal intellectuals, anti-communism is deeply undemocratic and shares deep mass-phobic disdain for political organizing of the majority. In this dissertation I argue that, in Bulgaria, anti- communism has not only opened the ideological space for extreme right and fascist politics, it has demoralized left political organizing by attacking any attempts for a politics of socio- economic justice as tyrannical.
  • Market, Transition and Developing Economies 1

    Market, Transition and Developing Economies 1

    When Does Trade Hurt? Market, Transition and Developing Economies 1 Kala Krishna Pennsylvania State University and NBER Cemile Yavas Pennsylvania State University September, 2002 1 We are grateful to Don Davis, Elhanan Helpman, Abhijit Banerjee, Jim Anderson, and participants at the 2001 ITI Summer Institute at the NBER, the Fall 2001 Midwest Trade Conference, the IEFS session at the ASSA in 2002, and the ETSG meetings in 2002 for comments. Abstract This paper argues that labor market distortions present in transition and devel- oping economies coupled with indivisibilities in consumption may help explain the resistance to globalization prevalent in many of these economies. We assume that workers differ in ability. In a market economy their earnings depend on their ability. However, earnings are independent of ability due to a common wage set in manufacturing in a transition economy and because of family farms in a developing economy. Trade can have significant adverse effects in this setting. When the economy is productive enough, a high income autarky equilibrium can be sustained in a distorted economy through a high income, high demand, high income virtuous circle. However, the distortion tends to make trade operate in a way that destroys this. Our work suggests that trade liberalization without structural reform can have serious adverse effects in transition and developing economies: there can even be mutual losses from trade. 1Introduction This paper argues that labor market distortions (LMDs) present in transition and developing economies may help explain the resistance to globalization that is prevalent in many of these economies. For example, it is often argued that trade had significant adverse effects in transition economies, in particular, on the ability of workers to afford highly valued but inherently lumpy consumer durables.