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Okanagan Indian Band Okanagan Indian Band Socio-economic Baseline FOR THE PROPOSED BC HYDRO REVELSTOKE UNIT 6 PROJECT DRAFT INTERIM REPORT FOR BC HYDRO NOVEMBER 30, 2016 Okanagan Indian Band Socio-economic Baseline for the Proposed BC Hydro Revelstoke Unit 6 Project DRAFT INTERIM REPORT FOR BC HYDRO, November 30, 2016 Prepared by The Firelight Group for and with Okanagan Indian Band Co-authored by: Karen Fediuk, Sarah Reid, and The Firelight Group with Okanagan Indian Band Peer review by Alistair MacDonald Submitted to: Fabian Alexis and Colleen Marchand, Okanagan Indian Band Territorial Stewardship Department Acknowledgements: Thank you to the Okanagan Indian Band elders, knowledge holders, staff, and leadership who contributed, and to all of the members who participated in this study. This report could not have been completed without their support and expert knowledge. Thanks also to the community project team, community leaders, technical staff, and document reviewers who helped make this project possible. In particular, we would like to acknowledge Fabian Alexis, Julie Richard, Colleen Marchand, Ruby Alexis, Joanne Alexis, Lindsay Louis, Justin Joe, and Sharnelle Paul. Firelight would like to thank the staff who contributed to this report, particularly Katie Dimmer and Jason Day, who provided research support and data management. Copyedit and graphic design: Nadene Rehnby, Hands on Publications Cover photos: Ruby Alexis Disclaimer: The information contained in this report is based on research by The Firelight Group, as well as published works and archival research, all of which was limited by available time and resources. It reflects the understanding of the authors, and is not intended to be a complete depiction of the dynamic and living systems of resource use, traditional economy, and local knowledge regarding community conditions maintained by Okanagan Indian Band members. The information contained herein does not, and should not be used to, define, limit, or otherwise constrain the Indigenous title, rights, or interests of Okanagan Indian Band, or other First Nations or Indigenous peoples. This report does not represent the opinions of the Okanagan Indian Band on whether or not the proposed Revelstoke Unit 6 Project should proceed. Okanagan Indian Band 12420 Westside Road, Vernon, B.C. V1H 2A4 t: 250.542.4328 e: [email protected] okib.ca The Firelight Group Head office: Suite 253 – 560 Johnson Street, Victoria, B.C. V8W 3C6 t: 250.590.9017 e: [email protected] thefirelightgroup.com Contents Executive Summary ............................................................................................................... 6 Acronyms ................................................................................................................................ 8 1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 9 1.1 Overview ............................................................................................................. 9 1.2 About The Firelight Group ................................................................................. 10 1.3 Scope and Limitations ....................................................................................... 10 1.4 Methods ........................................................................................................... 11 2. Project Background ......................................................................................................... 15 3. Okanagan Indian Band Background ............................................................................... 17 3.1 Governance and Social Structure ...................................................................... 19 3.2 Okanagan Indian Band History .......................................................................... 23 3.3 Summary of OKIB History ................................................................................. 31 4. Establishing OKIB Values – What Matters Most? ........................................................... 33 5. Socio-economic Profile .................................................................................................... 36 5.1 Limits to Canada's Well-being Index in Relation to OKIB ................................... 36 5.2 Population Demographics ................................................................................. 37 5.3 Housing ............................................................................................................ 43 5.4 Education and Training ..................................................................................... 46 5.5 Wage Employment ............................................................................................ 51 5.6 Income .............................................................................................................. 56 5.7 Sense of Individual and Community Health, Safety, and Strength ...................... 60 5.8 Participation in Cultural Practices ...................................................................... 63 5.9 Food Security .................................................................................................... 71 6. Conclusions ...................................................................................................................... 74 Appendix A: Survey .............................................................................................................. 82 Okanagan Indian Band Socio-economic Baseline 3 Tables Table 1: OKIB Chief and Council .................................................................................................. 21 Table 2: Priority wellbeing values of the Okanagan Indian Band .................................................... 33 Table 3. OKIB members and all residents living on OKIB lands (Okanagan Part 1 and Duck Lake 7) and nearby municipalities: Population, dwellings, education and income .... 37 Table 4. OKIB survey participation ................................................................................................ 40 Table 5. Average age and age range of participants ..................................................................... 40 Table 6. OKIB household composition .......................................................................................... 41 Table 7. Marital status of participants ............................................................................................ 41 Table 8. Numbers and age distribution of Registered Indians for B.C. and OKIB* ......................... 41 Table 9. Private dwelling characteristics ........................................................................................ 44 Table 10. Number and types of trade or professional designations ............................................... 46 Table 11. Type of diplomas, degrees, certificates held by OKIB members .................................... 47 Table 12. Key training barriers identified ........................................................................................ 50 Table 13. Households reporting employment (n=98) ..................................................................... 51 Table 14. Employment status of respondents (n=98) .................................................................... 51 Table 15. Type of work seeking if unemployed or underemployeda (n=22) .................................... 52 Table 16. Top reasons people indicated they were unemployed or work part-time ....................... 53 Table 17. Are any family members willing to relocate to Snkx̌ykntn for employment (n=98) ........... 53 Table 18. NHS labour force participation and income ................................................................... 55 Table 19. Total household income reported by respondents living on reserve (n=98) .................... 56 Table 20. OKIB members and all residents living on OKIB lands (Okanagan Part 1 and Duck Lake 7) and nearby municipalities: population, dwellings, education and income .... 57 Table 21. Other ways to meet needs besides employment income ............................................... 59 Table 22. Personal health rating – physical and mental ................................................................. 60 Table 23. Perceived level of stress (n=97) ..................................................................................... 61 Table 24. Perceived safety in OKIB community (n=97) .................................................................. 61 Table 25. Social network and support (n=97) ................................................................................ 61 Table 26. Community strengths listed by respondents in descending order (n=97) ....................... 62 Table 27. Top community wellness challenges facing OKIB (n=97) ............................................... 63 Table 28: Top 10 traditional foods commonly eaten by OKIB respondents ................................... 71 Okanagan Indian Band Socio-economic Baseline 4 Figures Figure 1: Okanagan Territory ........................................................................................................ 16 Figure 2: Reserves of the Okanagan Indian Band ......................................................................... 18 Figure 3: Okanagan First Nation governance system .................................................................... 20 Figure 4: Highways in the Okanagan Valley Corridor ....................................................................
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