Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Volume 1 Number 5 May, 1960 Article 23

1-1-1960

Trees of Western Australia. 63. Yellow tingle (E. Guifoylei, Maiden). 64. Weeping gum (E. Sepulcralis, F. Muell.). 65. Kingsmill's mallee (E. Kingsmillii Maiden et Blakely). 66. Hopetoun mallee (E. Leptocalyx, W.F. Blakely). 67. Capped mallee (E. Pileata, W.F. Blakely). 68. Eucalyptus carnabyi (Blakely and Steedman). 69. Tallerack (E. Tretragona (R.Br.) F. Muell.). 70. Eucalyptus micranthera (F. Muell. ex. Benth.)

Charles Austin Gardner

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Recommended Citation Gardner, Charles Austin (1960) "Trees of Western Australia. 63. Yellow tingle (E. Guifoylei, Maiden). 64. Weeping gum (E. Sepulcralis, F. Muell.). 65. Kingsmill's mallee (E. Kingsmillii Maiden et Blakely). 66. Hopetoun mallee (E. Leptocalyx, W.F. Blakely). 67. Capped mallee (E. Pileata, W.F. Blakely). 68. Eucalyptus carnabyi (Blakely and Steedman). 69. Tallerack (E. Tretragona (R.Br.) F. Muell.). 70. Eucalyptus micranthera (F. Muell. ex. Benth.)," Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4: Vol. 1 : No. 5 , Article 23. Available at: https://researchlibrary.agric.wa.gov.au/journal_agriculture4/vol1/iss5/23

This article is brought to you for free and open access by Research Library. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4 by an authorized administrator of Research Library. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Trees of Western Australia. 63. Yellow tingle (E. Guifoylei, Maiden). 64. Weeping gum (E. Sepulcralis, F. Muell.). 65. Kingsmill's mallee (E. Kingsmillii Maiden et Blakely). 66. Hopetoun mallee (E. Leptocalyx, W.F. Blakely). 67. Capped mallee (E. Pileata, W.F. Blakely). 68. Eucalyptus carnabyi (Blakely and Steedman). 69. Tallerack (E. Tretragona (R.Br.) F. Muell.). 70. Eucalyptus micranthera (F. Muell. ex. Benth.)

Erratum Two pages of this article are attached to Irrigation in Western Australia : report on Government-controlled areas : 1958-59 H K. Gibsone Vol 1 No 5 p454

This article is available in Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4: https://researchlibrary.agric.wa.gov.au/journal_agriculture4/vol1/iss5/23 YELLOW TINGLE (Eucalyptus Guil/oylei Maiden.)

A—Branchlet with leaf and panicle of flowers; B—Flower buds; C—Anthers; D—Fruits; E—Section of fruit; F—Seeds [Frankland River, Gardner 444

Journal of Agriculture Vol 1 No 5 1960 reference to the accompanying plate. The No. 63—YELLOW TINGLE inflorescence (A) shows that the umbels (Eucalyptus Guilfoylei Maiden.) are arranged in a terminal panicle, a feature common in many tropical species of the genus, but confined to this species HE yellow tingle is one of the large in the South-West. The second feature is T forest trees of the lower South-West, the shape of the anther (C). and although it possesses many good quali­ ties, its limited range renders it of less The anthers instead of opening in ver­ importance than its associates—the jarrah tical slits or pores, open laterally, and and karri. Its area of distribution extends when seen from below resemble a pair of spectacles. This character is peculiar to from the Denmark River in the east, to this species. In the foliage and fruits the the Deep River in the west, in which area tree is not unlike the karri, and the leaves it is usually found fringing the karri forest, spread horizontally, are deep green above mainly in the low-lying situations. and paler underneath like those of the karri. Attaining a height of 150 ft., although The yellow tingle flowers in January and usually about 120 ft. high, with a trunk February. up to 6 ft. in diameter, the trunk is re­ latively short (usually about 50 ft. long), and the branches are widely spreading. The bark is dark grey, rough throughout, fibrous, not unlike that of the blackbutt, No. 64—WEEPING GUM but less friable, and resembling that of the red tingle, with which it is sometimes (Eucalyptus sepulcralis F. Muell.) confused, although the two are very dis­ similar in the flowers and fruits. N naming and describing this species, The timber is yellow, and exceptionally I Baron von Mueller states that "It was hard and durable. It withstands long sub­ chosen because it will be destined to add mersion in water, and an experimental another emblem of sadness to the tree- pile placed in position when the present vegetation of cemeteries in climes similar Frankland River bridge was built, is still to ours." Those who have seen this tree quite sound. Experiments made by the Forests Department with this timber for will, I think, rather regard it as one of our sleeper purposes in 1937, have proved that most attractive and graceful species and the timber is very suitable for this pur­ worthy of a place in any scheme of culti­ pose, and termite resistant. The tree vation. prefers low-lying situations, and is fairly common along the watercourses in the Attaining a height of up to 25 ft., the area mentioned above. trunk rarely exceeds two inches in Botanically the tree possesses two un­ diameter, so that it is one of the most usual characteristics which may be seen by slender of trees, and its powder-white bark 445

Journal of Agriculture Vol 1 No 5 1960 WEEPING GUM (Eucalyptus sepulcralis F. Muell.)

A—Brancblet with leaves; B—Flowering branchlet; C—Branchlets with fruits; D—Anthers; E—Fruit In section; F—Seeds; O—Cotyledons [Near East Mount Barren, Gardner 12088 446

Journal of Agriculture Vol 1 No 5 1960 KINGSMILL'S MALLEE i Eucalyptus Kingsmillii Maiden et Blakely.)

A—Branchlet with leaves and umbel of flower buds; B—Anthers; C and D—Fruits; E—Fruit In longitudinal section; F—Seeds 447

Journal of Agriculture Vol 1 No 5 1960 and pendulous branches and olive-green It is of open texture, in that the leaves render it a singularly elegant plant. branches are not dense, so that the buds, First collected on the Thomas River fruits and flowers are the more con­ eastward from Esperance by Campbell spicuous. It inhabits the red sand of the Taylor, who compares it to a weeping dry interior mainly between Sandstone, willow, the species is now known from the Nallan and Meekatharra, southward to hills near East Mount Barren and the Eyre Lawlers and eastwards to Carnegie, and Range, occurring in sandy soil among the writer found it on the summit of Mount quartzite rocks. The leaves, flowers and Bruce in the Hamersley Range in 1932. It fruits are all pendulous, the leaves taper­ has also been recorded from near Mundi- ing at both ends, rather thick and very windi. The leaves are relatively small, a narrow. The flowers are on long stalks on dull green or almost grey in colour, and still longer peduncles, the filaments a pale the lateral veins are scarcely conspicuous. yellow. " The flowers are in umbels of three, on The fruits are urn-shaped, olive-green distinct stalks. The buds, flowers and in colour, turning to a leaden grey when fruits are distinctly ribbed with eight more mature, and not unlike those of the marri or less equally-spaced ribs, and occasion­ tree, but relatively longer. The anthers ally eight intermediate less conspicuous exhibit some degree of variation. Described ribs. The operculum varies from hemi­ as opening in slits which are confluent at spherical to almost conical and is always their apices, among a number examined beaked, with the same number of ribs as this was not found to be the case except the calyx. The buds and young fruits are in a very few old anthers. The closest red in colour, but the fruits gradually relative of E. sepulcralis is the Apple assume a grey-brown colour when the Fruited Mallee described in this series seeds are ripe. recently. The rather long fllmaments of the The species germinates freely from seed. anthers are either red or pale yellow, as The first leaves are broad and blue-green, in Eucalyptus pyriformis, to which it is and the typical foliage is not produced very closely related. The short anthers until several of the broad leaves have been open in longitudinal parallel slits, and the formed. It grows readily in the sand shrub flowers from May to August. around Perth, and although very rarely Little known in cultivation, this plant seen in cultivation it has a definite place proves very hardy under coastal sandy in the gardens of the future, but should conditions, but is more spreading and be protected from strong winds. It flowers bushy than the forms seem in the field. in January and February. It is more attractive than E. pyriformis, and I would regard it as among the most attractive of the shrubby species for local cultivation in gardens. No. 65—KINGSMILL'S MALLEE (Eucalyptus Kingsmillii Maiden et Blakely.) No. 66—H0PET0LN MALLEE (Eucalyptus leptocalyx W. F. Blakely.) HIS species is one of the most attract­ T ive of all our mallees. Attaining a height of about 15 ft. it is more commonly HE Hopetoun mallee is a densely- T branched shrub 8 to 12 ft. tall, with a 6 to 8 ft. tall, and in cultivation is a widely rough grey bark on the lower parts, be­ spreading shrub. The bark of the main coming smooth on the younger branches. stems is rough and grey in the lower parts, The branchlets are acutely angled. The that of the smaller branchlets greenish thick erect leaves are lustrous with the brown, and the branchlets usually red. It midrib impressed on the upper surface, the commonly spreads to a diameter of 8 or lateral veins scarcely conspicuous. The 10 ft. leaves are copiously oil-dotted. 448

Journal of Agriculture Vol 1 No 5 1960 HOPETOUN MALLEE (Eucalyptus leptocalyx W. F. Blakely.)

A—Flower buds and flowers; B—Flower buds (enlarged); C—Anthers; D and E—Fruits; F—Fruits (enlarged) [Nine Mile Tank northward from Hopetoun, J. H. Maiden November 1909 (Type) 449

Journal of Agriculture Vol 1 No 5 1960 CAPPED MALLEE I Eucalyptus pileata W. F. Blakely.)

A—Brancblet with leaves and flower buds; B—Flower bud (enlarged); C—Flower bud In section; D—Fruit; E—Fruit (enlarged); F—Fruit In longitudinal section [Desmond near Ravensthorpe, J. B. Maiden November 1909 (Type) 450

Journal of Agriculture Vol 1 No 5 1960 The flowers are in umbels, the stalks of sharply ribbed. The specimens from which are much thickened or flattened Salmon Gums appear to be from larger upwards, and arise from immediately mallees and here again the ribbing of both above the insertion of the leaves. Com­ operculum and calyx-tube are more de­ monly there are ten flowers in each umbel, fined than in the Ravensthorpe specimens. but frequently this number is reduced to Furthermore, the Ravensthorpe plants seven or eight. The filaments of the flower in December, while those from anthers are yellowish-white in colour, and Salmon Gums are in flower in ApriL the species flowers in January in the In general this plant can be distin­ Ravensthorpe-Hopetoun district. guished from its closest relatives by the Just how common this mallee is we do following characters: It is never a tree not know. The specimen illustrated is the but always a mallee; the operculum is one from which the species was named, broader than the calyx-tube, is much but, exhibiting certain differences, the shorter, and corrugated or ribbed, and the species extends eastwards to Esperance, fruit is never deeply ribbed or corrugated. and northwards to Shark Lake and Salmon Gums, while it is very common along the Jerdacuttup River, and around Kundip on the stony rising ground. In general the bud-cap of the Kundip-Hopetoun shrubs a 0. 6o—Eucalyptus Carnabyi is blunt, while in the eastern areas towards Salmon Gums, this organ becomes more Blakely and Steedman pointed. There still remains much to be discovered concerning this species, which HIS ornamental species is very imper­ is here illustrated for the first time. T fectly known. The original specimens came from the Victoria Plains where it was collected by Carnaby and Steedman in March, 1937. Later Mr. Steedman stated that only one bush had been seen, and No. 67—CAPPED MAllEE that this came from Barberton, growing (Eucalyptus pileata W. F. Blakely.) on the edge of an area of Eucalyptus macrocarpa. HE name, pileata, applied to this tree, T comes from the Latin, pileus—a cap In 1958 I received a small fragment fitting close to the head and worn by the from near Piawaning, and another plant Romans at feasts, especially the Saturn­ growing on the roadside north of Bolgart alia. It is not a particularly appropriate appears to be this plant also, but the name, however, since a number of species flowers are about the size of those of of Eucalyptus have opercula which are Eucalyptus macrocarpa. The plant is very even more cap-like. closely related to Eucalyptus macrocarpa, differing essentially (as the illustration shows) in the pointed stalked leaves, and The species is a mallee growing to a in the number of flowers in the umbel. height which varies from 4 to 12 ft., with a smooth, silver-grey bark and erect, It was described as a mallee up to 10 ft. lustrous, rather thick leaves which are tall, with several slender stems from the narrow and taper into acute points, with rootstock, covered with a brownish bark an impressed midrib on the upper surface, for 3 to 5 ft. from the ground, otherwise and inconspicuous lateral veins. It occurs smooth and powdery. The filaments are in a number of forms, being common on stated to be "white or yellowish," but it is the clay soils around Ravensthorpe (the probable that red flowers also occur. original specimens came from this dis­ There is some evidence to show that this trict). It is found around Esperance, plant is no more than a variety of northward to Salmon Gums, and still Eucalyptus macrocarpa, a species exhibit­ further north, around Boorabbin and ing much variation in leaf shape, presence Karalee, we again find this plant, but the or absence of leaf-stalk and the same of operculum is much more narrowly and the flower-stalk, the essential difference 451

Journal of Agriculture Vol 1 No 5 1960 (Eucalyptus Carnabyi Blakely and Steedman.)

A—Branchlet with flower buds; B—Fruits; C—Fruit In longitudinal section [Near Plawanlng, Curtis 1959 452

Journal of Agriculture Vol 1 No 5 1960 C.A.G/VRDNER

TALLERACK (Eucalyptus tetragona (R.Br.) F. Muell.)

A—Branchlet with flowers; B—Flower buds: C—Flower bud In longitudinal section; D—Operculum seen from below and showing the four small processes In the middle; E—Flowers: F—Flower (much enlarged); O— Anthers; H—Fruit; I—Section of fruit; K—Seeds (Dalyup near Esperance, Gardner.) 453

Journal of Agriculture Vol 1 No 5 1960