Threatened Flora of the Western Central Wheatbelt
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Threatened flora of the Western Central Wheatbelt Prepared by Joel Collins R N E M V E R N E M O N V E O G T T N G T E E E E E E E E O E O H F H T F T W A E I S L T A E R R N A U S T Department of Environment and Conservation Our environment, our future Contents Foreword 7 Introduction 8 Flora conservation rankings 11 Species name Common name Family Status Page Acacia aphylla Leafless rock wattle Mimosaceae Vulnerable 12 Acacia ataxiphylla subsp. magna Large-fruited Tammin wattle Mimosaceae Endangered 14 Acacia brachypoda Western wheatbelt wattle Mimosaceae Vulnerable 16 Acacia caesariata Yelbeni wattle Mimosaceae Vulnerable 18 Acacia chapmanii subsp. australis Chapman’s wattle Mimosaceae Endangered 20 Acacia cochlocarpa subsp. cochlocarpa Spiral-fruited wattle Mimosaceae Critically Endangered 22 Acacia cochlocarpa subsp. velutinosa Velvety spiral pod wattle Mimosaceae Critically Endangered 24 Acacia denticulosa Sandpaper wattle Mimosaceae Vulnerable 26 Acacia pharangites Wongan gully wattle Mimosaceae Critically Endangered 28 Acacia pygmaea Dwarf rock wattle Mimosaceae Endangered 30 Acacia subflexuosa subsp. capillata Hairy-stemmed zig-zag wattle Mimosaceae Critically Endangered 32 Acacia vassalii Vassal’s wattle Mimosaceae Critically Endangered 34 Acacia volubilis Tangled wattle Mimosaceae Critically Endangered 36 Species name Common name Family Status Page Allocasuarina fibrosa Woolly sheoak Casuarinaceae Vulnerable 38 Banksia cuneata Matchstick banksia Proteaceae Endangered 40 Banksia mimica Summer honeypot Proteaceae Vulnerable 42 Banksia serratuloides subsp. serratuloides Southern serrate banksia Proteaceae Vulnerable 44 Caladenia drakeoides Hinged dragon orchid Orchidaceae Critically Endangered 46 Calectasia pignattiana Stilted tinsel flower Dasypogonaceae Vulnerable 48 Conospermum densiflorum subsp. unicephalatum One-headed smokebush Proteaceae Endangered 50 Conostylis wonganensis Wongan conostylis Haemodoraceae Endangered 52 Cyphanthera odgersii subsp. occidentalis Western woolly cyphanthera Solanaceae Critically Endangered 54 Darwinia acerosa Fine-leaved darwinia Myrtaceae Endangered 56 Darwinia carnea Mogumber bell Myrtaceae Critically Endangered 58 Daviesia cunderdin Cunderdin daviesia Papilionaceae Critically Endangered 60 Daviesia dielsii Diels’ daviesia Papilionaceae Endangered 62 Daviesia euphorbioides Wongan cactus Papilionaceae Critically Endangered 64 Eleocharis keigheryi Keighery’s eleocharis Cyperaceae Vulnerable 66 Eremophila pinnatifida Pinnate-leaf eremophila Myoporaceae Critically Endangered 68 Eremophila resinosa Resinous eremophila Myoporaceae Endangered 70 4 Contents Species name Common name Family Status Page Eremophila ternifolia Wongan eremophila Myoporaceae Vulnerable 72 Eremophila vernicosa Resinous poverty bush Myoporaceae Vulnerable 74 Eremophila viscida Varnish bush Myoporaceae Endangered 76 Eucalyptus pruiniramis Midlands gum Myrtaceae Endangered 78 Eucalyptus recta Wongan mallet Myrtaceae Vulnerable 80 Eucalyptus synandra Jingymia mallee Myrtaceae Vulnerable 82 Frankenia conferta Silky frankenia Frankeniaceae Vulnerable 84 Frankenia parvula Short-leaved frankenia Frankeniaceae Endangered 86 Gastrolobium glaucum Spike poison Papilionaceae Critically Endangered 88 Gastrolobium hamulosum Hook-point poison Papilionaceae Critically Endangered 90 Glyceria drummondii Nangetty grass Poaceae Endangered 92 Goodenia arthrotricha Goodeniaceae Endangered 94 Grevillea bracteosa subsp. bracteosa Bracted grevillea Proteaceae Endangered 96 Grevillea christineae Christine’s grevillea Proteaceae Endangered 98 Grevillea dryandroides subsp. dryandroides Phalanx grevillea Proteaceae Critically Endangered 100 Grevillea dryandroides subsp. hirsuta Hairy phalanx grevillea Proteaceae Vulnerable 102 Grevillea pythara Pythara grevillea Proteaceae Critically Endangered 104 Species name Common name Family Status Page Guichenotia seorsiflora Sterculiaceae Critically Endangered 106 Gyrostemon reticulatus Net-veined gyrostemon Gyrostemonaceae Critically Endangered 108 Hakea aculeata Column hakea Proteaceae Endangered 110 Haloragis platycarpa Broad-fruited haloragis Haloragaceae Critically Endangered 112 Hemiandra rutilans Colourful snakebush Lamiaceae Critically Endangered 114 Jacksonia pungens Pungent jacksonia Papilionaceae Critically Endangered 116 Jacksonia quairading Quairading stinkwood Papilionaceae Endangered 118 Lechenaultia laricina Scarlet leschenaultia Goodeniaceae Vulnerable 120 Lysiosepalum abollatum Woolly lysiosepalum Sterculiaceae Critically Endangered 122 Melaleuca sciotostyla Wongan melaleuca Myrtaceae Endangered 124 Microcorys eremophiloides Wongan microcorys Lamiaceae Vulnerable 126 Philotheca wonganensis Wongan philotheca Rutaceae Endangered 128 Pityrodia axillaris Native foxglove Lamiaceae Critically Endangered 130 Pityrodia scabra Wyalkatchem foxglove Lamiaceae Critically Endangered 132 Ptilotus fasciculatus Fitzgerald’s mulla-mulla Amaranthaceae Endangered 134 Rhagodia acicularis Wongan rhagodia Chenopodiaceae Vulnerable 136 Roycea pycnophylloides Saltmat Chenopodiaceae Vulnerable 138 5 6 Contents Species name Common name Family Status Page Spirogardnera rubescens Spiral bush Santalaceae Endangered 140 Stylidium coroniforme subsp. coroniforme Wongan triggerplant Stylidiaceae Endangered 142 Thomasia glabripetala Sandplain thomasia Sterculiaceae Vulnerable 144 Thomasia montana Hill thomasia Sterculiaceae Vulnerable 146 Thomasia sp Green Hills (S. Paust 1322) Green hill thomasia Sterculiaceae Critically Endangered 148 Verticordia hughanii Hughan’s featherflower Myrtaceae Endangered 150 Verticordia staminosa subsp. staminosa Wongan featherflower Myrtaceae Critically Endangered 152 Glossary 154 Bibliography 157 Foreword The South West Botanical Province of A key factor in the development of Western Australia is internationally public opinion and the design of effective renowned as an area of high biodiversity management schemes to conserve and significance. This is rightly so, as it is not protect these threatened species lies in only rich in its floral diversity with some the production of accurate information to 5,710 native plant species found there, tell the story. What is threatened? Where but more than 70 per cent of the species is it found? This book does just that in are also endemic – that is they occur providing much-needed biological and nowhere else in the world. ecological information on each of the 70 threatened flora species found in the Many of the plants found in this area Western Central Wheatbelt. are narrowly distributed, sometimes in very small localised populations. This The book should assist greatly in the makes them particularly vulnerable to identification of these plants when they are land clearance and other threatening encountered in the field. I can see that it processes, and has resulted in a number would be used by a great variety of people of species being placed under significant – managers, landowners, conservation threat of future extinction. In the Western biologists, students and interested Australian wheatbelt, for instance, about members of the public. The book will assist 90 per cent of natural vegetation has in the conservation and management of been cleared for agriculture leaving much existing populations and may result in the of the remaining vegetation surviving discovery of new populations of these in often small fragmented remnants highly threatened plants. – roadsides, small reserves and private I congratulate the authors on their property. Plants surviving in these areas achievement and hope that you, the are further threatened by salinity, erosion, reader, find the book to be a valuable fire, additional habitat loss and invasion of reference in the discovery, identification and exotic weeds. A recent biological survey of management of these rare plant species. the Western Australian Agricultural Zone (which includes the wheatbelt) revealed that approximately 450 plant species are at risk of extinction. Andrew Brown Coordinator-Threatened Flora Department of Environment and Conservation, Western Australia 7 Introduction This book serves as a field guide to the will assist in identification, species habitat, 70 plant species currently listed as distribution, flowering and seed maturity declared rare flora (DRF) within the information and how to distinguish from Western Central Wheatbelt region. The similar species. area covered in this book includes the Species distributions are described shires of Cunderdin, Tammin, Dowerin, in reference to IBRA (Interim Wyalkatchem, Goomalling, Wongan- Bioregionalisation of Australia) regions. Ballidu, Victoria Plains, Dalwallinu, Koorda, These regions share similar geology, Quairading and parts of the shires of landform, vegetation and climate Northam, York and Beverley, an area of characteristics and influence the approximately 2.9 million hectares. This distribution of flora species. The Avon area is botanically rich and has a high level Wheatbelt IBRA region dominates the of endemic species, highlighted with area covered in this book; however, many 29 DRF species (or 41 per cent) of the species are distributed across several 70 species covered in this book being IBRA regions. only found in this region. The DRF profiled in this book are While the Western Australian wheatbelt is distributed in areas of remnant natural renowned for its prosperous agricultural vegetation across the highly modified sector, it’s the remaining natural agricultural zone. Within this zone, vegetation that has helped place the vegetation has been extensively