Zur Systematik Der Blattarien
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Fossil Insects.*
ANNALS OF The Entomological Society of America Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/aesa/article/10/1/1/8284 by guest on 25 September 2021 Volume X MARCH, 19 17 Number 1 FOSSIL INSECTS.* By T. D. A. COCKERELL. In these serious days, it seems just a little grotesque that I should cross half a continent to address you on a subject so remote from the current of human life as fossil insects. The limitations of our society do indeed forbid such topics as the causes of the war or the evil effects of intercollegiate athletics; but I might have chosen to discuss lice or mosquitoes—any of those insects whose activities have before now decided the fate of nations. My excuse for avoiding these more lively topics only aggravates the offense, for it is the fact that I have never given them adequate attention, but have in the past ten years occupied myself with matters having for the most part no obvious economic application. There is, however, another point of view. Many years ago I had the good fortune to meet the eminent ornithologist, Elliott Coues, at Santa Fe. We spent a considerable part of the night discussing a variety of subjects, from spiritualism to rattlesnakes, and when we parted he made a remark which those who knew him will recognize as characteristic. He said, "Cockerell, I really believe that if it had not been for science, you would have been a dangerous crank!" Surely experience and history alike confirm the essential sagacity of the observa tion, as applied not merely to your lecturer, but to mankind in general. -
Movement of Plastic-Baled Garbage and Regulated (Domestic) Garbage from Hawaii to Landfills in Oregon, Idaho, and Washington
Movement of Plastic-baled Garbage and Regulated (Domestic) Garbage from Hawaii to Landfills in Oregon, Idaho, and Washington. Final Biological Assessment, February 2008 Table of Contents I. Introduction and Background on Proposed Action 3 II. Listed Species and Program Assessments 28 Appendix A. Compliance Agreements 85 Appendix B. Marine Mammal Protection Act 150 Appendix C. Risk of Introduction of Pests to the Continental United States via Municipal Solid Waste from Hawaii. 159 Appendix D. Risk of Introduction of Pests to Washington State via Municipal Solid Waste from Hawaii 205 Appendix E. Risk of Introduction of Pests to Oregon via Municipal Solid Waste from Hawaii. 214 Appendix F. Risk of Introduction of Pests to Idaho via Municipal Solid Waste from Hawaii. 233 2 I. Introduction and Background on Proposed Action This biological assessment (BA) has been prepared by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) to evaluate the potential effects on federally-listed threatened and endangered species and designated critical habitat from the movement of baled garbage and regulated (domestic) garbage (GRG) from the State of Hawaii for disposal at landfills in Oregon, Idaho, and Washington. Specifically, garbage is defined as urban (commercial and residential) solid waste from municipalities in Hawaii, excluding incinerator ash and collections of agricultural waste and yard waste. Regulated (domestic) garbage refers to articles generated in Hawaii that are restricted from movement to the continental United States under various quarantine regulations established to prevent the spread of plant pests (including insects, disease, and weeds) into areas where the pests are not prevalent. -
New Cockroaches (Dictyoptera: Blattina) from Baltic Amber, with Description of a New Genus and Species: Stegoblatta Irmgardgroeh
Proceedings of the Zoological Institute RAS Vol. 316, No. 3, 2012, рр. 193–202 УДК 595.722 NEW COCKROACHES (DICTYOPTERA: BLATTINA) FROM BALTIC AMBER, WITH THE DESCRIPTION OF A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES: STEGOBLATTA IRMGARDGROEHNI L.N. Anisyutkin1* and C. Gröhn2 1Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya Emb. 1, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; e-mail: [email protected] 2Bünebüttler Weg 7, D-21509 Glinde/Hamburg, Germany; e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT A new genus and species of cockroaches, Stegoblatta irmgardgroehni gen. et sp. nov. is described from Baltic Amber. The taxonomic position of the new genus is discussed and it is concluded that it belongs to the family Blaberidae. The male of Paraeuthyrrapha groehni (Corydiidae, Euthyrrhaphinae) is described for the first time. Key words: Baltic Amber, Blaberidae, cockroaches, Dictyoptera, Paraeuthyrrapha groehni, Stegoblatta irmgard- groehni gen. et sp. nov. НОВЫЕ ТАРАКАНЫ (DICTYOPTERA: BLATTINA) ИЗ БАЛТИЙСКОГО ЯНТАРЯ, С ОПИСАНИЕМ НОВОГО РОДА И ВИДА: STEGOBLATTA IRMGARDGROEHNI Л.Н. Анисюткин1* и К. Грён2 1Зоологический институт Российской академии наук, Университетская наб. 1, 199034 Санкт-Петербург, Россия; e-mail: [email protected] 2Bünebüttler Weg 7, D-21509 Glinde/Hamburg, Germany; e-mail: [email protected] РЕЗЮМЕ Новый род и вид тараканов (Stegoblatta irmgardgroehni gen. et sp. nov.) описывается из балтийского янта- ря. Обсуждается таксономическое положение нового рода, предположительно отнесенного к семейству Blaberidae. Впервые описывается самец Paraeuthyrrhapha groehni (Corydiidae, Euthyrrhaphinae). Ключевые слова: балтийский янтарь, Blaberidae, тараканы, Dictyoptera, Paraeuthyrrapha groehni, Stegoblatta irmgardgroehni gen. et sp. nov. INTRODUCTION Wichard 2010). The cockroach fauna from Baltic amber is more or less similar to the modern one in Baltic amber is one of the most famous sources of taxa composition (Shelford 1910, 1911; Weitshat fossil insects. -
Insect Egg Size and Shape Evolve with Ecology but Not Developmental Rate Samuel H
ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1302-4 Insect egg size and shape evolve with ecology but not developmental rate Samuel H. Church1,4*, Seth Donoughe1,3,4, Bruno A. S. de Medeiros1 & Cassandra G. Extavour1,2* Over the course of evolution, organism size has diversified markedly. Changes in size are thought to have occurred because of developmental, morphological and/or ecological pressures. To perform phylogenetic tests of the potential effects of these pressures, here we generated a dataset of more than ten thousand descriptions of insect eggs, and combined these with genetic and life-history datasets. We show that, across eight orders of magnitude of variation in egg volume, the relationship between size and shape itself evolves, such that previously predicted global patterns of scaling do not adequately explain the diversity in egg shapes. We show that egg size is not correlated with developmental rate and that, for many insects, egg size is not correlated with adult body size. Instead, we find that the evolution of parasitoidism and aquatic oviposition help to explain the diversification in the size and shape of insect eggs. Our study suggests that where eggs are laid, rather than universal allometric constants, underlies the evolution of insect egg size and shape. Size is a fundamental factor in many biological processes. The size of an 526 families and every currently described extant hexapod order24 organism may affect interactions both with other organisms and with (Fig. 1a and Supplementary Fig. 1). We combined this dataset with the environment1,2, it scales with features of morphology and physi- backbone hexapod phylogenies25,26 that we enriched to include taxa ology3, and larger animals often have higher fitness4. -
Taxa Names List 6-30-21
Insects and Related Organisms Sorted by Taxa Updated 6/30/21 Order Family Scientific Name Common Name A ACARI Acaridae Acarus siro Linnaeus grain mite ACARI Acaridae Aleuroglyphus ovatus (Troupeau) brownlegged grain mite ACARI Acaridae Rhizoglyphus echinopus (Fumouze & Robin) bulb mite ACARI Acaridae Suidasia nesbitti Hughes scaly grain mite ACARI Acaridae Tyrolichus casei Oudemans cheese mite ACARI Acaridae Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank) mold mite ACARI Analgidae Megninia cubitalis (Mégnin) Feather mite ACARI Argasidae Argas persicus (Oken) Fowl tick ACARI Argasidae Ornithodoros turicata (Dugès) relapsing Fever tick ACARI Argasidae Otobius megnini (Dugès) ear tick ACARI Carpoglyphidae Carpoglyphus lactis (Linnaeus) driedfruit mite ACARI Demodicidae Demodex bovis Stiles cattle Follicle mite ACARI Demodicidae Demodex brevis Bulanova lesser Follicle mite ACARI Demodicidae Demodex canis Leydig dog Follicle mite ACARI Demodicidae Demodex caprae Railliet goat Follicle mite ACARI Demodicidae Demodex cati Mégnin cat Follicle mite ACARI Demodicidae Demodex equi Railliet horse Follicle mite ACARI Demodicidae Demodex folliculorum (Simon) Follicle mite ACARI Demodicidae Demodex ovis Railliet sheep Follicle mite ACARI Demodicidae Demodex phylloides Csokor hog Follicle mite ACARI Dermanyssidae Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer) chicken mite ACARI Eriophyidae Abacarus hystrix (Nalepa) grain rust mite ACARI Eriophyidae Acalitus essigi (Hassan) redberry mite ACARI Eriophyidae Acalitus gossypii (Banks) cotton blister mite ACARI Eriophyidae Acalitus vaccinii -
The Evolutionary Significance of Rotation of the Oötheca in The
A PSYCHE Vol. 74 June, 1967 No. 2 THE EVOLUTIONARY SIGNIFICANCE OF ROTATION OF THE OOTHECA IN THE BLATTAR I By Louis M. Roth Pioneering Research Division U.S. Army Natick Laboratories, Natick Mass. ? The newly-formed ootheca of all cockroaches projects from the female in a vertical position, with the keel and micropylar ends of the eggs dorsally oriented. All of the Blattoidea (Fig. 1) and some of the Blaberoidea carry the egg case without changing this position. However, in some of the Polyphagidae (Figs. 11-16) and Blattellidae (Figs. 2,3), and all of the Blaberidae, the female rotates the ootheca 90° so that the keel faces laterally at the time it is deposited on a substrate (Polyphagidae, Blattellidae), carried for the entire embryo- genetic period ( Blattella spp.), or retracted into the uterus (all Blaberidae). According to McKittrick (1964), rotation of the ootheca frees the keel from the valve bases which block an anterior movement of the ootheca while it is in a vertical position, and it orients the ootheca so that its height lies in the plane of the cock- roach’s width, thus making it possible to move the egg case anteriorly beyond the valve. It is likely that by the time the ootheca had evolved to the stage where it was retracted internally, the height of the keel had been greatly reduced (e.g., in Blattella spp.) and it would not be necessary to free its keel from the valve bases. The eggs of Blaberidae increase greatly in size in the uterus during embryogenesis (Roth and Willis, 1955a, 1955b). -
New Arthropod Records from Maui Nui
Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 2009 –2010. Edited by Neal L. Evenhuis & Lucius G. Eldredge. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers 109: 35-42 (2011) New arthropod records from Maui Nui FoReSt StARR 1 & KiM StARR 1 (University of Hawaiʻi, Pacific Cooperative Studies Unit, 149 Hawea Place, Makawao, Maui, Hawaiʻi 96768, USA; email: [email protected] ). the following contributions include new arthropod records from the islands of Kahoʻolawe (19), Lānaʻi (1), Molokaʻi (3), and Maui (1). Voucher specimens were collected by the authors, Kahoʻolawe island Reserve Commission (KiRC) staff, Maui invasive Species Committee (MiSC) staff, and students in the MiSC Hōʻike environmental curriculum pro - gram. Most of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) were collected using peanut butter lures during surveys for the little fire ant ( Wasmannia auropunctata ) and were determined by either the authors or Paul Krushelnycky, University of Hawaiʻi, College of tropical Agri - culture and Human Resources (CtAHR). Non-ant specimens were determined by the authors. Vouchers are housed in Bishop Museum, Honolulu. Araneae : Araneidae Gasteracantha mammosa Koch, 1844 New island record Native to india and Sri Lanka, and now found throughout much of Asia and Hawaiʻi (McCormack, 2007), Gasteracantha mammosa (Asian spinybacked spider) was reported by Nishida (2002) from all the main islands except Kahoʻolawe. this hard bodied spider that can occasionally reach pest levels is now also known from Kahoʻolawe, where it was found on a building at the Base Camp at Honokanaiʻa. Material examined. KAHOʻOLAWE : Honokanaiʻa, on outside wall of galley at Base Camp, 33 ft [10 m], 27 Dec 2010, Starr, Starr, & Bruch 101227-02 (1 specimen). -
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections
SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOLUME 122, NUMBER 12 THE REPRODUCTION OF COCKROACHES (With 12 Plates) BY LOUIS M. ROTH AND EDWIN R. WILLIS Pioneering Research Laboratories U. S. Army Quartermaster Corps Philadelphia, Pa. (Publication 4148) CITY OF WASHINGTON PUBLISHED BY THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION JUNE 9, 1954 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOLUME 122, NUMBER 12 THE REPRODUCTION OF COCKROACHES (With 12 Plates) BY LOUIS M. ROTH AND EDWIN R. WILLIS Pioneering Research Laboratories U. S. Army Quartermaster Corps Philadelphia, Pa. (Publication 4148) CITY OF WASHINGTON PUBLISHED BY THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION JUNE 9, 1954 BALTIMORE, MD., U. 0. A. THE REPRODUCTION OF COCKROACHES 1 By LOUIS M. ROTH and EDWIN R. WILLIS Pioneering Research Laboratories U. S. Army Quartermaster Corps Philadelphia, Pa. (With 12 Plates) INTRODUCTION Cockroaches are important for several reasons. As pests, many are omnivorous, feeding on and defiling our foodstuffs, books, and other possessions. What is perhaps less well known is their relation to the spreading of disease. Several species of cockroaches closely associated with man have been shown to be capable of carrying and transmitting various microorganisms (Cao, 1898; Morrell, 191 1 ; Herms and Nel- a resurgence of inter- son, 191 3 ; and others). Recently there has been est in this subject, and some workers have definitely implicated cock- roaches in outbreaks of gastroenteritis. Antonelli (1930) recovered typhoid bacilli from the feet and bodies of Blatta orientalis Linnaeus which he found in open latrines during two small outbreaks of typhoid fever. Mackerras and Mackerras (1948), studying gastroenteritis in children in a Brisbane hospital, isolated two strains of Salmonella from Periplaneta americana (Lin- naeus) and Nauphoeta cinerea (Olivier) that were caught in the hos- pital wards. -
Fossil Calibrations for the Cockroach Phylogeny (Insecta, Dictyoptera, Blattodea)
Palaeontologia Electronica palaeo-electronica.org Fossil calibrations for the cockroach phylogeny (Insecta, Dictyoptera, Blattodea), comments on the use of wings for their identification, and a redescription of the oldest Blaberidae Dominic A. Evangelista, Marie Djernæs, and Manpreet Kaur Kohli ABSTRACT Here we provide the first thorough assessment of the fossil calibrations for diver- gence time estimation of cockroaches. Through a review of published fossil descrip- tions, we evaluate oldest fossils for various nodes in crown Blattodea in accordance with recently proposed best practices. Since most descriptions of fossil cockroaches rely heavily on wing and tegminal venation, we also provide a critical assessment of Rehn (1951), which is the most extensive work on these characters. We find that Rehn (1951) incorrectly reported the state of numerous characters. This, combined with the low number of informative characters in cockroach wings, negatively affects phyloge- netic justifications of some of the oldest purported fossil cockroaches. We conclude that currently the best fossils to use for calibration of the cockroach tree are: Cretahol- ocompsa montsecana, “Gyna” obesa, Cariblattoides labandeirai, and Ectobius kohlsi. One of these, “Gyna” obesa, was insufficiently treated in its original description, so we provide a redescription facilitated by high resolution imagery and modern systematic knowledge. We comment on the difficulty of utilizing the so-called fossil roachoids because their position at the base of Dictyoptera is under dispute and cannot be reli- ably verified. We do not include calibrations for termite lineages. Dominic A. Evangelista, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 45 Rue Buffon CP50, Paris, France 75005. [email protected] Marie Djernæs. -
Zootaxa, Catalogue of Blattaria (Insecta) from Brazil
ZOOTAXA 1709 Catalogue of Blattaria (Insecta) from Brazil ROSELI PELLENS & PHILIPPE GRANDCOLAS Magnolia Press Auckland, New Zealand ROSELI PELLENS & PHILIPPE GRANDCOLAS Catalogue of Blattaria (Insecta) from Brazil (Zootaxa 1709) 109 pp.; 30 cm. 22 February 2008 ISBN 978-1-86977-193-5 (paperback) ISBN 978-1-86977-194-2 (Online edition) FIRST PUBLISHED IN 2008 BY Magnolia Press P.O. Box 41-383 Auckland 1346 New Zealand e-mail: [email protected] http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ © 2008 Magnolia Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored, transmitted or disseminated, in any form, or by any means, without prior written permission from the publisher, to whom all requests to reproduce copyright material should be directed in writing. This authorization does not extend to any other kind of copying, by any means, in any form, and for any purpose other than private research use. ISSN 1175-5326 (Print edition) ISSN 1175-5334 (Online edition) 2 · Zootaxa 1709 © 2008 Magnolia Press PELLENS & GRANDCOLAS Zootaxa 1709: 1–109 (2008) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2008 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) Catalogue of Blattaria (Insecta) from Brazil ROSELI PELLENS1, GRANDCOLAS2 1Laboratório de Gestão da Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biologia, UFRJ, CCS, Bl. A, Ilha do Fundão, CEP 21941-590, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. E-mail: [email protected]. 2 UMR 5202 CNRS, Département Systématique et Evolution, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, 45, rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France. E-mail: [email protected]. Table of contents Abreviations used in the text . 6 Institutional Abbreviations. -
Non-Indigenous Animal Taxa on St Helena: Likely Effects on Endemic and Indigenous Invertebrates and Their Habitats and Possible Control Measures
Laying the Foundations for Invertebrate Conservation on St Helena Darwin Initiative Project 19-029 Non-indigenous Animal Taxa on St Helena: likely effects on endemic and indigenous invertebrates and their habitats and possible control measures Roger S Key January 2014 St Helena Government Dr Roger S. Key, The Old Black Bull, Carthorpe, Bedale, North Yorkshire, DL8 2LD, United Kingdom (044)(0)1845 567292 mb 07751 440813 skype roger.key4 e-mail [email protected] very draft web-page https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/1148372/rogerkey_files/frame.htm Linked In profile http://www.linkedin.com/pub/dr-roger-key/41/827/29 photographs website http://flickr.com/photos/roger_key/ front cover picture Springbok Mantis Miomantis caffra rear cover picture Red-headed centipede Scolopendra morsitans - both South African pictures © Roger Key Contents Layout of data sheets Competing Species and Ones Likely Adversely to Affect the Habitat of Indigenous Species Predatory Species (including parasitoids) Detritivores, Carrion & Dung Feeders Invertebrates Earthworms Scorpion Landhoppers False Scorpions Woodlice Spiders Mites Mites Millipedes Centipedes Springtails Praying Mantis Detritivorous/mycophagous Beetles Earwigs Synanthropic Beetles Crickets Detritivorous/carrion feeding Flies Cockroaches Herbivore Dung Fauna Predatory Bugs Green lacewings Saproxylics Predatory Ground, Rove, ‘Scavenger’ (& Soldier) Beetles Termites Ladybirds Saproxylic weevils Predatory Flies Plant Feeders Ants Social/European Common Wasp Slugs and Snails Solitary Wasps Aphids & scale -
Cockroaches Probably Cleaned up After Dinosaurs
Cockroaches Probably Cleaned Up after Dinosaurs Peter Vrsˇansky´ 1,2*, Thomas van de Kamp3, Dany Azar4, Alexander Prokin5,6, L’ubomı´r Vidlicˇka7,8, Patrik Vagovicˇ3,9 1 Geological Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia, 2 Arthropoda Laboratory, Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, 3 ANKA/Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation (IPS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany, 4 Faculty of Science II, Natural Sciences Department, Lebanese University, Fanar, Fanar-Matn, Lebanon, 5 I.D. Papanin Institute for biology of inland waters Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok, Russia, 6 Voronezh State University, Voronezh, Russia, 7 Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia, 8 Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia, 9 Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Japan Abstract Dinosaurs undoubtedly produced huge quantities of excrements. But who cleaned up after them? Dung beetles and flies with rapid development were rare during most of the Mesozoic. Candidates for these duties are extinct cockroaches (Blattulidae), whose temporal range is associated with herbivorous dinosaurs. An opportunity to test this hypothesis arises from coprolites to some extent extruded from an immature cockroach preserved in the amber of Lebanon, studied using synchrotron X-ray microtomography. 1.06% of their volume is filled by particles of wood with smooth edges, in which size distribution directly supports their external pre-digestion. Because fungal pre-processing can be excluded based on the presence of large particles (combined with small total amount of wood) and absence of damages on wood, the likely source of wood are herbivore feces.