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Caietele CNSAS, Nr. 2 (20) / 2017 Caietele CNSAS Revistă semestrială editată de Consiliul Naţional pentru Studierea Arhivelor Securităţii Minoritatea evreiască din România (I) Anul X, nr. 2 (20)/2017 Editura CNSAS Bucureşti 2018 Consiliul Naţional pentru Studierea Arhivelor Securităţii Bucureşti, str. Matei Basarab, nr. 55-57, sector 3 www.cnsas.ro Caietele CNSAS, anul X, nr. 2 (20)/2017 ISSN: 1844-6590 Consiliu ştiinţific: Dennis Deletant (University College London) Łukasz Kamiński (University of Wroclaw) Gail Kligman (University of California, Los Angeles) Dragoş Petrescu (University of Bucharest & CNSAS) Vladimir Tismăneanu (University of Maryland, College Park) Virgiliu-Leon Ţârău (Babeş-Bolyai University & CNSAS) Katherine Verdery (The City University of New York) Pavel Žáček (Institute for the Study of Totalitarian Regimes, Prague) Colegiul de redacţie: Elis Pleșa (coordonator număr tematic) Liviu Bejenaru Silviu B. Moldovan Liviu Ţăranu (editor) Coperta: Cătălin Mândrilă Machetare computerizată: Liviu Ţăranu Rezumate și corectură text în limba engleză: Gabriela Toma Responsabilitatea pentru conţinutul materialelor aparţine autorilor. Editura Consiliului Naţional pentru Studierea Arhivelor Securităţii e-mail: [email protected] CUPRINS I. Studii Natalia LAZĂR, Evreitate, antisemitism și aliya. Interviu cu Liviu Rotman, prof. univ. S.N.S.P.A. (1 decembrie 2017)………………………………7 Lya BENJAMIN, Ordinul B’nei Brith în România (I.O.B.B.). O scurtă istorie …………………………………………………………………............................25 Florin C. STAN, Aspecte privind emigrarea evreilor din U.R.S.S. în Israel în perioada 1987-1991 și implicarea autorităților române……33 Cristian VASILE, Schiţa unui portret. Cazul Alexandru Graur – reputat lingvist, socialist, comunist, „duşman al poporului”………55 Ioana COSMAN, Holocaustul evreilor din Transilvania de Nord: etape istorice şi mărturii…………………………………….........................83 Corina L. PETRESCU, Sub supraveghere: Teatrul Evreiesc de Stat din Bucureşti în dosarele Securităţii în anii 1970…………………..119 Valentina GLĂJAR, Mărirea şi decăderea unui ofiţer de Securitate: biografia arhivată a lui Samuel Feld…………………………….137 Mihaela TOADER, Conflictul arabo-israelian – „Războiul de şase zile” în arhivele C.N.S.A.S…………………………………………………………..163 Cezar Petre BUIUMACI, Malbim – o sinagogă în Calea Victoriei Socialismului…………………………...........................................185 Raluca Nicoleta SPIRIDON, Jurnalul de sertar al Anei Novac sau imposibila afirmare a memoriei despre Holocaust în perioada comunistă………………………………………………………..197 Nicolae IONIŢĂ, Politica de cadre în Securitate (1948–1989). Românizare? (I)……………………………………………………………………………………..211 Liviu ŢĂRANU, Scurtă privire asupra chestiunii emigrării evreilor din România comunistă şi reflectarea ei în dosarele Securităţii………………………………………………………………………269 Valentin VASILE, Eleganţă şi „topspin”. Angelica Rozeanu şi partida inegală cu regimul totalitar………………………………………...283 II. Recenzii. Note de lectură Natalia Lazăr, Lya Benjamin (editori), American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee în România (1916-2016). Documente, Bucureşti, Editura Hasefer, 2017, 542 p. (Silviu B. Moldovan)…………………………………………303 Revista de Istorie a Evreilor din România, serie nouă, nr. 1 (16-17), 2016, Natalia Lazăr (editor), Federaţia Comunităţilor Evreieşti din România, Centrul pentru Studiul Istoriei Evreilor din România, Bucureşti, Editura Hasefer, 2016, 442 p. (Theodor Bărbulescu)……………………………………....328 Florin C. Stan, România – Israel. Relaţii bilaterale (1948-1991), prefaţă de Carol Iancu, Cluj, Editura Argonaut, 2016, 537 p. (Liviu Pleşa)……………333 Anca Tudorancea Ciuciu, Felicia Waldman, Tales and traces of SEPHARDIC BUCHAREST, graf.: Irina Spirescu, ed.: Emil Stanciu, Bucureşti: NOI Media Print, 2016, 143 p. (Elis Pleşa)………………….………339 III. Abrevieri……………………………….…….............................................343 IV. Lista autorilor…......................................................................347 SUMMARY I. Research Natalia LAZĂR, Jewishness, anti-Semitism and Aliya. The interview given by Liviu Rotman, Professor at S.N.S.P.A. (1 december 2017)..........................................................................................7 Lya BENJAMIN, The B’nai Brith Order in Romania (I.O.B.B.). A short history………………………………………………………………………………25 Florin C. STAN, Aspects regarding Jewish emigration from U.S.S.R. to Israel between 1987-1991 and implication of Romanian authorities………………………………………………………………………..33 Cristian VASILE, Sketches of a portrait: Alexandru Graur – well-known linguist, socialist, communist, „enemy of the people”……..55 Ioana COSMAN, The Holocaust of the Jews from the Northern part of Transylvania: the historical stages and testimonies……….83 Corina L. PETRESCU, Under Surveillance: The Jewish State Theater in Bucharest in the Files of the Securitate in the 1970s………119 Valentina GLAJAR, The Rise and Fall of a Securitate Officer: The File Story of Samuel Feld…………………………………………………………………137 Mihaela TOADER, The Arab-Israeli war – „Six-Day War” in the archives of C.N.S.A.S…………………………………………………………………………163 Cezar Petre BUIUMACI, Malbim – a Synagogue in The Way of the Victory of the Socialism……………………………………………………………….185 Raluca Nicoleta SPIRIDON, The Ana Novac’s secret diary or the impossible afirmation of the Holocaust memory during the communist regime…………………………………………………………197 Nicolae IONIŢĂ, The staff policy in the Securitate (1948–1989). An attempt to enforce nationalism? (I)………………………………..211 Liviu ŢĂRANU, A brief consideration regarding the issue of Jewish emigration from communist Romania and its coverage in the files of the Securitate…………………………………………………………..269 Valentin VASILE, Elegance and „topspin”. Angelica Rozeanu and the unequal match with the totalitarian regime……………………….283 II. Reviews. Reading Notes…………………………………………………………………303 III. Abbreviations……………………………………………………….………………………..343 IV. List of authors………………………………………………………………………………..347 Natalia LAZĂR Evreitate, antisemitism și aliya1 Interviu cu Liviu Rotman, prof. univ. S.N.S.P.A. (1 decembrie 2017) Jewishness, anti-Semitism and Aliya. The interview given by Liviu Rotman, Professor at S.N.S.P.A. (1 december 2017) The Jewish emigration to the State of Israel occupies a particularly important place in the history of the Romanian Jews during the communist era. Of course, this topic entails several research directions, including the recent history of Romania through position of the Communist Party of Romania about national minorities or international relations: Romania-Israel, Romania-the Soviet Union etc. Most of the times, Romanian authorities had an ambiguous attitude on this issue. Archive sources are very important, but personal experiences complement the larger picture, for a clearer view. The interview given by Professor Liviu Rotman, who emigrated from Romania in 1985, focuses on the situation of communist Romania at the time and illustrates essential aspects of the Aliyah process in that period. Etichete: emigrare, evreitate, regimul comunist, antisemitism Keywords: emigration, Jewishness, communist regime, anti-Semitism Diversele surse istorice de arhivă, presă, monografii etc. ne pot oferi o imagine amplă asupra realității istorice. Dar, în general, aceste surse, fie că sunt documente apropiate de decizia politică, corespondență între diverse personalități etc., ne aduc în preajma problemelor de ordin general, ce țin de macropolitică. Imaginea de ansamblu devine mai clară, dacă urmărim destine personale, pe care apoi să le încadrăm în „istoria mare”. Diverse amănunte, ale stării de spirit, ale unor frustrări, speranțe, reies din rememorarea unor indivizi ce au traversat perioada cercetată, care au fost uneori subiect, iar alteori obiect al dinamicii istorice. Cred că interesul crește, dacă cel care își rememorează propria „traversare” istorică este și un cercetător al perioadei. Putem surprinde, astfel, un fenomen interesant, cel al intersectării unor planuri de macroistorie cu cea „de la firul ierbii”. Din acest motiv, ne-am oprit asupra profesorului Liviu Rotman, istoric, autor al unei cărți și al unor studii despre evrei în perioada comunistă. L-am ales, pentru că am văzut că acesta este și punctul său de 1 Aliya, în ebraică, „urcare”. Aici termenul este folosit cu sensul de „emigrare” în Palestina și, mai târziu, după 14 mai 1948, în statul Israel. Natalia Lazăr vedere, al așezării memoriei personale vizavi de memoria istorică. În lucrarea sa, Evreii din România în perioada comunistă: 1944-1965, înainte de a începe să exploateze o bogată zestre documentară, retrăiește câteva momente din copilărie legate de tema lucrării. Reținem afirmația sa: „Aceste amintiri, ascunse undeva, aparent uitate, au reînviat în momentul când am reușit, cu ajutorul materialelor de arhivă, să «reintru» în atmosfera acelor ani. Aceasta nu mi-a ușurat scrisul. În fond, scriam o carte despre generația părinților mei, despre suferințele, greșelile lor. Nu era simplu. Dar era necesar!”2. Desigur, există pericolul ca cercetătorul să bruieze pe cel ce rememorează, din acest motiv este necesară o abordare critică a acestor genuri de sursă. Liviu Rotman s-a născut la 11 aprilie 1947, la București. Este istoric, profesor universitar la Școala Națională de Studii Politice și Administrative (S.N.S.P.A.), director al Centrului de Studii Israeliene din cadrul S.N.S.P.A., cercetător invitat la Institutul Diasporei al Universității Tel Aviv. În anul 1985 ați emigrat în Israel. Ar fi interesant de văzut, din perspectiva adolescentului și apoi a tânărului, ce a însemnat Israel și ce rol ocupa el, în viața
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