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'The Glories of Karnataka' by Dr S. Srikanta Sastri

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'The Glories of Karnataka' by Dr S. Srikanta Sastri ‘The Glories of Karnataka’ by Dr S. Srikanta Sastri The Glories of Karnataka by Dr S. Srikanta Sastri (Published in ‘THE UNITED KARNATAKA’) The Karnataka country is linguistic, geographical and cultural Unit of remote antiquity. Comprising as it does the central and western parts of the Deccan. Karnataka has been the meeting place of various races and cultures which became merged and transfigured to form a distinct culture-pattern. The ancient divisions of this country like Maharashtra, Konkana, Aparanta, Kuntala Vanavasi, Punnadu and Erumainadu possess a historical unity and cultural affinity giving a distinct stamp to what may be called the Karnataka culture. The various racial types of the country the Malamids, the Malids, the Weddids, the Gondids, the Indids have all contributed to the glory of the country. The essence of culture is sublimation and spiritualisation. Therefore the primary contribution of Karnataka to world-culture is particularly in the field of religion and philosophy. Though it is as yet, too premature to evaluate the contribution made by the Karnataka people to the essentially Indian and possibly the oldest culture in the world viz, the culture of Harappa and Mohenjo Daro, the eternal problems of metaphysics were settled in the Karnataka country. The great Shankaracharya, enunciated the doctrine of the One, Madhwacharya, elucidated the problem of the Many, and Ramanujacharya and Basaveshwara settled the question of the Many in the one and the one in the Many. Buddhism was living religion here up to thirteenth century. Jainism has found a congenial atmosphere in this country and inspired the works of literature, art and philosophy. Therefore religious toleration has been the watchword of the people throughout history. The inscriptions even as late as the 14th century give an indisputable evidence that in the same family Jainism, Buddhism, Saivism, Vaishnavism could be practised by the different members without hindrance. The rulers of the country, whatever their personal faith, have always up-held this ideal of Universal toleration, not merely out of policy but because of genuine respect towards the various faiths, as exemplified by Pulikeshi II, Amoghvarsha, Krishna III, Vikramaditya 1, Vishnuvardhana Harihara, Bukka and Krishnadevaraya. In the political sphere, it can be asserted without hesitation that there was a United Karnataka under the Satavahanas, the Kadambas, the Chalukyas of Banavasi, the Rashtrakutas and the Chalukyas of Kalyan whose empires extended up to the boundaries prescribed by Amoghavarsha viz, the Godavari and the Kaveri. The political achievements of Gautamiputra Satakarni, Mayurasharma, Amoghavarsha, Krishnl III, Vikramaditya VI, Devarayall and Krishnadevaraya are equal, if not superior to those of Charlemagne and Napoleon. Another peculiar glory of Karnatak is that the personal aggrandisement of the monarchs never crippled or curtailed the privileges of the people. The indigenous units possessed the greatest measure of autonomy, free from the autocratic control of despots and dictators. Thus only the rulers could expect spontaneous loyalty and devotion from their subjects. An impartial observer like Yuwan-Chwang says www.srikanta-sastri.org Page 1 ‘The Glories of Karnataka’ by Dr S. Srikanta Sastri that the people were honest and simple, tall of stature and of a stern vindictive character, grateful to their benefactors & relentless towards their enemies. If they were insulted they risked their lives to avenge themselves and if they were asked to help one in distress, they would forget themselves in their haste to render assistance. Therefore, the great Harsha with all his armies from the five Indies could not prevail over Pulakesi II. The achievement of the Karnatak people on the high seas has not received the consideration from historians it deserves. Apart from the maritime commerce with the countries of the east and the west down to the days of Vijayanagara, the navy of many an Emperor like Yagna, Shri Satakarni, pulikesi II, and Deva Raya II kept the western sea-board free from pirates and also conquered Ceylon and the islands of the sea. The material prosperity of ancient Karnatak has been attested to by foreign travellers and Greek and Roman authorities. The diamond mines of Vajrakarur and Golkonda have yielded the Kohinoor - ‘The brightest jewel in the British Crown'. The Gold of Kolar, the beryls of Punnata and the pearls of the west coast were famous throughout the ancient world. The merchant princes of the Chalukya, Hoysala and Vijayanagar Empires had dealings with many Nations of the world. In the realm of Fine Arts, the Ajanta School of painting is a high water-mark of a truly indigenous painting. In Architecture and Sculpture the monuments at Yellora, Karle, Nasik, Elephanta, Badami, Gadag, Halebid, Belur and Somanathpura have evoked the admiration of the world. In literature, both in Sanskrit and Kannada, the Buddhists, the Jainas, the Saivas, the Vaishnavas and the Veerashaivas have contributed an enormous mass of literature which has enriched Indian culture. It is enough to mention the names of Akalanka PujyaPada, Kunda, Kunda Samanta Mudra Vidyanandin, Prabhachandra, Pampa, and Kumara Vyasa, Laxmisha among the Brahmanical writers; Harihara, Raghavanka, Palakurki Somanatha, Virupakh Pandit among the Veerashaivas to show the greatness of the contribution of karnatak to the literature of India. Similarly Karnatak music which had as its most illustrious expounders Purandara Das, Tyagaraja, Shama Shastri and Muttuswami Dixit, has a distinct individuality of its own. Perhaps, even more important is the jnfluence wielded by Karnatak on the rest of India. The Senas of Bengal were Karnata Kshatriyas. The Nepal rulers were Karnatakas. The Rastrakutas established their branches in Kanuj, Jodhpur, Bikaner and in Prayag. The Gangas and the Kadambas founded the branches of the Eastern Gangas and Kadambas in the Andhra Country. Telgu literature owes its origin to the Satyashraya Chalukya as has been acknowledged by one of the earliest Telugu poets Nanne Choda. Maharashtra literature is a product of the patronage extended by a Karnatak dynasty - the Yadavas of Devagiri. Therefore, the 11th and 12th centuries can justifiably be called "the Karnatak period of Indian history" because this period saw the existence of BRUHAT KARNATA (greater Karnataka). The glory of Karnatak is not merely in the past. The crowning glory will be when all the disunited people of Karnatak are united into a single autonomous Province working towards the spiritual and material prosperity of all the Bharatavarsha. www.srikanta-sastri.org Page 2 .
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