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. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171 Received: January 17, 2019 © 2019 Iranian Society of Accepted: October 7, 2019 P-ISSN: 2383-1561; E-ISSN: 2383-0964 doi: 10.22034/iji.v6i0.454 http://www.ijichthyol.org

Research Article

Annotated checklist of the of the : Diversity and

Soheil EAGDERI*1, Ronald FRICKE2, Hamid Reza ESMAEILI3, Paria JALILI1

1Department of , Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. 2Im Ramstal 76, 97922 Lauda-Königshofen, Germany. 3Ichthyology and Molecular Systematics Research Laboratory, Section, Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran. *Email: [email protected] Abstract: This checklist aims to reviews and summarize the results of the systematic researches on the Persian Gulf ichthyofauna that has been carried out for more than 200 years. Since the work of C. Niebuhr, a Danish biologist in the 18th century, the number of valid has increased significantly and the systematic status of many of the species has changed, and reorganization and updating of the published information has become essential. Here we take the opportunity to provide a new and updated checklist of fishes of Persian Gulf based on literature and taxon occurrence data obtained from natural history and new collections. The total confirmed fish species of Persian Gulf comprise 744 species, 131 families, 445 genera and 27 orders. In the class , the most diverse family is Charcharhinidae with 23 species (41.89%), followed by Dasyatidae with 15 species (31.08%). Within the class , with 65 species (9.70%), with 45 species (6.27%), with 25 species (3.73%), with 25 species (3.73%), Lutjanidae with 23 species (3.43%) and Blenniidae with 23 species (3.43%) are the most diverse families in the Persian Gulf. Keywords: Fish diversity, Indo-Pacific, Persian Gulf, Sea, Iran. Citation: Eagderi, S.; Fricke, R.; Esmaeili, H.R. & Jalili, P. 2019. Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf: Diversity and conservation status. Iranian Journal of Ichthyology 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171.

Introduction (Sheppard 1993). The Persian Gulf lies entirely north of the tropic of The Persian Gulf comprises a large shallow Cancer and therefore, it can be considered as a sub- marine environment with wide fluctuations in tropical region. It has been located within the large, temperature and salinity due to its climatic regime. arid East Asian land mass having more tropical Hence, its fish species must be capable of climate in summer, and more temperate climate in withstanding the stress of osmotic and temperature winter (Michel et al. 1986; Sheppard 1993). The extremes (Carpenter et al. 1997). Seawater Persian Gulf is semi-enclosed about 1,000km long temperatures of the Persian Gulf can exceed 34°C in and 200-300km wide with an average depth of 36m summer and might be less than 15°C in winter (Rezai and a maximum depth of 120m (Michel et al. 1986). et al. 2004). One important feature associated with It is separated from the Makran/Oman Sea by the such a conditions is high salinity, which is commonly Strait of Hormuz, which is restricted to 56km at its over 40ppt, rises to over 50ppt across large areas, and narrowest point (Carpenter et al. 1997). Its intertidal even exceeds 70ppt in most embayments that have areas are extensive with very gradual slopes from the some degree of ponding (Sheppard 1993). supra-littoral to several km offshore. In several Furthermore, the narrow Strait of Hormuz limits regions, frequent uplifted rocky areas (commonly larval dispersal from adjacent seas and hence is ) add relief to a generally very level terrain another factor shaping the species composition of the 1

Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Persian Gulf. It was part of a semi-enclosed marine and distributions for the Persian Gulf. This five- basin that was completely dry as recently as 20000 volume publication did not cover all fish groups years ago during the late Pleistocene ice age (see also thoroughly, and many of the distributions were not Esmaeili et al. 2014), thus its current species well-known at the time of publication. Morever, a composition is mostly derived from re-colonisation wide range of articles are now being published on the by the Indo-Pacific biota. During the Last Glacial biology, biogeography and genetic variation of fishes Maximum (LGM) of the Late Pleistocene (21,000- (e.g., Teimori et al. 2012, 2014; Ghanbarifardi et al. 18,000 y. BP), the floor of the Persian Gulf was 2014a, b, 2016; Polgar et al. 2017). Hence, providing exposed due to the global fall in sea level, and it later an updated checklist and an accurate use of scientific affected the diversity of both freshwater and marine names is essential to communicate research results fishes (Esmaeili et al. 2014). effectively. Study of the fishes of the Persian Gulf was started by P. Forsskål, a Danish biologist, at nineteen century Materials and Methods (Fricke 2008). Subsequent studies have yielded This checklist has been resulted from the works listed dramatic increases in our knowledge of the in the references and also by examination or biodiversity of the Persian Gulf and Makran Sea accessing available data in ichthyological collections fishes and accounts have been published by many in Iran (e.g., ZM-CBSU, Zoological Museum of authors in different countries describing and Shiraz University, Collection of Biology discussing fishes subsequently found in the region Department, Shiraz; IMNRFI-UT, Ichtyological (Regan 1905; Holly 1929; Blegvad & Løppenthin Museum of Natural Resources Faculty, University of 1944; Fowler & Steinitz 1956; Menon 1960; Khalaf Tehran, and Iranian Natural History Museum) and 1961; Mahdi 1962; Kuronuma & Abe 1972, 1986; extensive field expeditions till January 2019. Nellen 1973; Kuronuma 1974; Basson et al. 1977; Higher classification follows Nelson (2006), Relyea 1981). In more recent years, Fischer & family classification follows Laan et al. (2014), Bianehi (1984), Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Ahmed updated according to Fricke et al. (2019). The more (1986), Carpenter et al. (1997), Springer & Williams recent version of fishes of the world by Nelson et al. (1994), Randall et al. (1994); Randall (1995a), (2016) has not been used here. The deadline for Ghanbarifardi & Malek (2007), Al-Jufaili (2010), including taxa in this checklist was September 2019. Ghanbarifardi et al. (2014 a, b), Ghanbarifardi et al. Collection codes: AMNH, The American Museum of (2016), Sadeghi et al. (2017, 2019a), Mehraban & Natural History, New York, NY, U.S.A.; BMNH, Esmaeili (2017) and Sadeghi & Esmaeili (2019a, b) The Natural History Museum, London, U.K.; CAS, have contributed more about the diversity of fishes in California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA, this region, particularly in the Persian Gulf and U.S.A.; FMNH, Field Museum of Natural History, Makran Sea. Chicago, IL, U.S.A.; GCRL, Gulf Research According to Blegvad & Loppenthin (1936-1938), Laboratory Museum, Springs, MS, U.S.A.; fish species of the Iranian Gulf comprise 214 species IOM, P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, within 70 families. Kuronuma & Abe (1972) also Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; LACM, Los provided the fish species list of Kuwait’s Angeles County Museum of Natural History, Los ichthyofaunal reporting 465 species within 101 Angeles, CA, U.S.A.; MCZ, Museum of families. Furthermore, Fischer & Bianchi (1984) Comparative Zoology, Harvard College, Boston, have provided a five-volume guide book regarding MA, U.S.A.; MHNG, Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, the fishes of the western region served Département d'Herpétologie et Ichthyologie, Ville de as the most authoritative source for fish identification Genève, Genève, Switzerland; MNHN, Muséum 2 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France; MRAC, most diverse in this class is Carcharhiniformes Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, (31 species, 41.89%), followed by Belgium; NMW, Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, (23 species, 31.08%). The most diverse family in Austria; NRM, Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, class Chondrichthyes is the family Carcharhinidae Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Ichthyology (23 species, 31.08%), followed by Dasyatidae (14 Section, Stockholm, Sweden; RMNH, Naturalis - species, 18.91%). National Natuurhistorisch Museum, Leiden, In class Actinopterygii, 670 species in 400 genera, Netherlands; SAIAB, South African Institute for 109 families, and 20 orders were listed. In this class, Aquatic Biodiversity, National Research Foundation, the most diverse orders include the (471 Grahamstown, ; SIO, Scripps Institution species, 70.30%), followed by Clupeiformes (38 of Oceanography, Marine Vertebrate Collection, La species, 5.67%), (31 species, Jolla, CA, U.S.A.; SMF, Senckenberg 4.63%), Pleuronectiformes (28 specie, 4.18%) and Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Abteilung (27 species, 4.03%). The most Marine Zoologie, Sektion Ichthyologie, Frankfurt am diverse family in this class is Gobiidae (65 species, Main, Germany; UMMZ, University of Michigan 9.70%), followed by Carangidae (42 species, 6.27%), Museum of Zoology, Ann Arbor, MI, U.S.A; URUN, Serranidae (25 species, 3.73%), Apogonidae (25 Université de La Réunion, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Species, 3.73%), Lutjanidae (23 species, 3.43%) and Marine (now Research Unit ENTROPIE), Saint- Blenniidae (23 species, 3.43%). Denis, La Réunion, France; USNM, Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History, Checklist Department of Vertebrate Zioology, Division of Class CHONDRICHTHYES Fishes, Washington D.C., U.S.A.; WAM, Western Order CARCHARHINIFORMES Australian Museum, Perth, WA, ; ZMH, Family Carcharhinidae & Evermann, 1896 Universität Hamburg, Biozentrum Grindel und Carcharhinus amblyrhynchoides (Whitley, 1934) - Zoologisches Museum, Ichthyology, Hamburg, Graceful Germany; ZIN, Laboratory of Ichthyology, Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, by Carpenter et al. (1997b); subsequerntly reported St. Petersburg, Russia; ZMA, Universiteit van by Moore et al. (2010, 2012a, 2012b), Jabado & Amsterdam, Faculty of Science, Zoölogisch Ebert (2015), Jawad (2017) and Torquato et al. Museum, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; ZMMU, (2017). Zoological Museum, Biological Faculty, M. V. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: and Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia; ZM- Persian Gulf east to and Papua New CBSU, Zoological Museum of Shiraz University, Guinea, north to , south to northern Australia. Collection of Biology Department, Shiraz; ZMUC, IUCN: Near Threatened (NT). Københavns Universitet, Zoologisk Museum, Persian Gulf material: BMNH 2008.7.28.4 (1), Vertebrater, Fiskesamlingen, Copenhagen, BMNH 2010.2.8.2 (1, jaws only). Denmark. Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos (Bleeker 1856) - Results Blacktail reef shark The total fish species of the Persian Gulf comprise Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf 744 species in 445 genera, 131 families, 27 orders by Moore et al. (2010); subsequerntly reported by and 2 classes. The class Chondrichthyes comprises Moore et al. (2012b), Jabado & Ebert (2015) and 74 species in 45 genera, 22 families and 7 orders. The Jawad (2017). 3 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Distribution: , Indo-West Pacific, Eastern Jabado & Ebert (2015) and Ziyadi et al. (2018). Pacific: , , and Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf western Mascarenes east to Marquesas Islands and east to . Easter Island, north to South Sea and Hawaiian IUCN: Near Threatened (NT). Islands, south to ; Galapagos Islands. Persian Gulf material: CSIRO H 6954–01 (1), IUCN: Near Threatened (NT). CSIRO H 6955–01 (1), CSIRO H 6957–01 (1), CSIRO H 7255–01 (1), CSIRO H 7256–01 (1), Carcharhinus amboinensis (Müller & Henle, 1839) - CSIRO H 7256–02 (1), UMPT 13 (5), UMPT 15 (1), Pigeye shark UMPT 19 (1). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Randall (1995a); subsequently reported by Carcharhinus falciformis (Müller & Henle, 1839) - Carpenter et al. (1997b), Moore et al. (2012a, 2012b), Silky shark (Yaryoor, Arabic, Kuwait) Jabado & Ebert (2015) and Jawad (2017). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Carcharias temperate seas, but not eastern Pacific. menisorrah; subsequently reported by Mahdi (1950) IUCN: Data deficient (DD). as Carcharhinus menisorrah, Menon (1960) as Carcharhinus menisorrah, Khalaf (1961) as Carcharhinus brevipinna (Valenciennes in Müller & Carcharhinus menisorrah, Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Henle, 1839) -Spinner shark Carcharias menisorrah, Kuronuma & Abe (1972, Status in Persian Gulf: Reported from Persian Gulf 1986) as Carcharhinus menisorrah, Basson et al. by Basson et al. (1981) as Carcharhinus (1981) as Carcharhinus menisorrah, Relyea (1981) as maculipinnis; subsequently reported by Carcharhinus menisorah, Alec & Moore (2012), Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b), Kuronuma & Moore et al. (2012a) and Jabado & Ebert (2015). Abe (1986), Basson et al. (1997) as Carcharhinus Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical seas. maculipinnis, Bishop (2003), Moore et al. (2012a, IUCN: Near Threatened (NT). 2012b), Jabado & Ebert (2015) and Jawad (2017). Remark: Carcharias menisorrah (Müller & Henle, Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm 1839) is a junior . temperate seas, but not in the eastern Pacific. IUCN: Near Threatened (NT). Carcharhinus humani White & Weigmann, 2014 - Remark: Isogomphodon maculipinnis Poey 1865 is a Human’s whaler shark junior synonym. Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf in original description by White & Weigmann Carcharhinus dussumieri (Müller & Henle, 1839) - (2014); previously reported by White (2012) as Whitecheek shark (Kooseh-e-chaneh-e-sefid, Carcharhinus sp.; subsequently reported by Jabado & Persian) Ebert (2015). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: South and East by Compagno (1984b); subsequently reported by Africa, Seychelles and Madagascar to Persian Gulf. Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Hussain et al. (1988), IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall (1995a), Carpenter Persian Gulf material: CSIRO H 6891-01 (1 et al. (1997a, 1997b), Bishop (2003) as Carcharhinus paratype). dussumieri and C. albimarginatus (non Rüppell 1837), Moore et al. (2012a, 2012b), White (2012), Carcharhinus leiodon Garrick, 1985 - Smooth Dehghani (2014), White & Weigmann (2014), blacktip shark 4 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf only). by Moore et al. (2012a); subsequently reported by Moore et al. (2012b), Jabado et al. (2014) and Jabado Carcharhinus melanopterus (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) & Ebert (2015). - Blacktip reef shark Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Gulf of Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Aden to Persian Gulf. by Compagno (1984b); subsequently reported by IUCN: Vulnerable (VU). Hussain et al. (1988) as Carcharhinus melanopteras, Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003), Moore et al. Carcharhinus leucas (Müller & Henle, 1839) - Bull (2012a, 2012b) and Jabado & Ebert (2015). shark Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Africa, South Africa, Seychelles, Madagascar and by Basson et al. (1981); subsequently reported by Mascarenes east to Hawaiian Islands and Pitcairn Compagno (1984b), Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Group north to Taiwan, south to Queensland Hussain et al. (1988), Krupp & Müller (1994), (Australia) and New Caledonia. Carpenter et al. (1997b), Nasir (2000), Moore et al. IUCN: Near Threatened (NT). (2012a, 2012b), Jabado & Ebert (2015) and Jawad (2017). Carcharhinus plumbeus (Nardo, 1827) - Sandbar Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical seas. shark IUCN: Near Threatened (NT). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Compagno (1984b); subsequently reported by Carcharhinus limbatus (Müller & Henle, 1839) - Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003) and Jabado Blacktip shark & Ebert (2015). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm by Compagno (1984b); subsequently reported by temperate seas, possibly absent from eastern Pacific. Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Carpenter et al. (1997b), IUCN: Vulnerable (VU). Bishop (2003), Moore et al. (2012a, 2012b), Jabado & Ebert (2015), Spaet et al. (2015) and Jawad (2017). Carcharhinus sealei (Pietschmann, 1913) - Blackspot Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm shark temperate seas. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Near Threatened (NT). by Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b) as Carcharhinus seali. Carcharhinus macloti (Müller & Henle, 1839) - Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Persian Hardnose shark (Kooseh-e-noktiz, Persian) Gulf, Seychelles and Mauritius (Mascarenes) east to Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Philippines and New Guinea, north to South China by Moore et al. (2010); subsequently reported by Sea, south to northern Australia. Moore et al. (2012a, 2012b) and Jabado & Ebert IUCN: Near Threatened (NT). (2015). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa and Carcharhinus sorrah (Müller & Henle, 1839) - Spot- Persian Gulf east to Papua New Guinea, north to tail shark (Kooseh-e-baleh-syah in Persian) Taiwan, south to and Queensland Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (Australia). by Basson et al. (1981), Relyea (1981) as IUCN: Near Threatened (NT). Carcharhinus spallanzani; subsequently reported by Persian Gulf material: CSIRO H.6888-1 (1, jaws Randall (1986, 1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), 5 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Bishop (2003), Moore et al. (2012a, 2012b), Loxodon macrorhinus Müller & Henle 1839 - Sliteye Dehghani (2014), Jabado & Ebert (2015) and Spaet shark et al. (2015). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East by Moore et al. (2010); subsequently reported by Africa, South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Moore et al. (2012a, 2012b), Jabado & Ebert (2015) Madagascar and western Mascarenes east to and Jabado et al. (2015a). Solomon Islands and northern Vanuatu, north to Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Taiwan, south to New South Wales (Australia) and Africa, South Africa, Seychelles, Madagascar and New Caledonia. western Mascarenes east to New Guinea, north to IUCN: Near Threatened (NT). southern , south to northern New South Wales Remark: Carcharhinus spallanzani (Péron & (Australia). Lesueur, 1822) is a junior synonym. IUCN: Least concern (LC).

Galeocerdo cuvier (Péron & Lesueur, 1822) - Tiger Negaprion acutidens (Rüppell, 1837) - Sicklefin shark (Kooseh-e-babri, Persian) lemon shark Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Basson et al. (1981) as Galeocerdo cuvieri; by Moore et al. (2010); previously reported by subsequently reported by Sivasubramaniam & Basson et al. (1981) as Negaprion brevirostris (non Ibrahim (1982b) as Galeocerdo cuvieri, Compagno Poey 1868), Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Negaprion (1984b), Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Galeocerdo brevirostris (non Poey 1868); subsequently reported cuvieri, Krupp & Müller (1994), Carpenter et al. by Moore et al. (2012b), Jabado et al. (2014), Jabado (1997b), Bishop (2003), Moore et al. (2012b), Jabado & Ebert (2015) and Jawad (2017). & Ebert (2015) and Jawad (2017). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar temperate seas. and Mauritius (Mascarenes) east to Marshall Islands IUCN: Near Threatened (NT). and Society Islands, north to Ryukyu Islands, south Remarks: Highly migratory species, Annex I of the to Queensland (Australia) and New Caledonia. 1982 Convention on the Law of the Sea (FAO, IUCN: Vulnerable (VU). Fisheries Department 1994). Rhizoprionodon acutus (Rüppell, 1837) - Milk shark Glyphis gangeticus (Müller & Henle, 1839) - Ganges Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf shark by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Carcharias Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf acutus; subsequently reported by Springer (1964), of Bolster (1948) as Katharicus gangeticus; Compagno (1984b), Kuronuma & Abe (1986), subsequently reported by Mahdi (1950) as Krupp & Müller (1994), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Carcharhinus gangeticus, Khalaf (1961) as Bishop (2003), Moore et al. (2012a, 2012b), Ali Carcharhinus gangeticus, Mahdi & Georg (1969) as (2013a), Dehghani (2014), Jabado & Ebert (2015), Carcharias gangeticus, and Kuronuma & Abe (1986) Jabado et al. (2015a) and Ziyadi et al. (2018). as Carcharhinus gangeticus. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm Distribution: Northern Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf temperate seas. (needs verification); and India; Myanmar IUCN: Least Concern (LC). (needs verification). Persian Gulf material: UMPT 10 (2), USNM 148103 IUCN: Critically Endangered (CR). (1), USNM 148104 (3), ZMUC CN3 (1), ZMUC 6 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

CN4 (1). by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Hemigaleus balfouri; subsequently reported by Compagno Rhizoprionodon oligolinx Springer, 1964 - Grey (1984b), Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Hemigaleus sharpnose shark balfouri, Randall (1995a), Carpenter (1997b), Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf Compagno (1998), Bishop (2003), Moore et al. in original description by Springer (1964); (2012a, b), Ali (2013a) and Jabado & Ebert (2015). subsequently reported by Compagno (1984b), Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Gulf of Aden and Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop Persian Gulf east to southern , north to (2003), Moore et al. (2012a, 2012b), Ali (2013a), China and Taiwan. Jabado & Ebert (2015) and Ziyadi et al. (2018). IUCN: Vulnerable (VU). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to Remark: This name has been used indiscriminately Gulf of , south to northern Australia. for the three species of hemigaleids in Indo-Pakistani IUCN: Least Concern (LC). waters other than Hemipristis elongatus. Junior Persian Gulf material: ZMUC CN5 (1). synonym: Hemigaleus balfouri (Day, 1878).

Scoliodon laticaudus Müller & Henle, 1838 - Hemipristis elongata (Klunzinger, 1871) - Snaggletooth shark Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b) as by Compagno (1984b) as Hemipristis elongatus; Carcharias palasorrah; subsequently reported by subsequently reported by Carpenter (1997b) as Compagno (1984b), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop Hemipristis elongatus, Moore et al. (2010) as (2003) and Jabado & Ebert (2015). Hemipristis elongatus, Moore et al. (2012b), Jabado Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, & Ebert (2015) and Jawad (2017). Madagascar and Persian Gulf east to Philipines, north Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East to southern Japan. Africa east to Philippines, north to southern China, IUCN: Near Threatened (NT). south to northern Australia. IUCN: Vulnerable (VU). Triaenodon obesus (Rüppell, 1837) - Whitetip reef shark Paragaleus randalli Compagno, Krupp & Carpenter, Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf 1996 - Slender weasel shark by Jabado & Ebert (2015). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-Pacific: East Africa, in original description by Compagno et al. (1996); South Africa, Seychelles, Madagascar and previously reported by Compagno (1988) as Mascarenes east to Hawaiian Islands, Panama and Paragaleus sp. nov.; subsequently reported by Revillagigedo Archipelago, north to Ryukyu Islands Carpenter (1997b), Moore et al. (2012a, b) and and Ogasawara Islands, south to New South Wales Jabado & Ebert (2015). (Australia), New Caledonia and Austral Islands. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf and IUCN: Near Threatened (NT). Gulf of Oman east to South China Sea; north to Taiwan. Family Hemigaleidae IUCN: Near Threatened (NT). Chaenogaleus macrostoma (Bleeker, 1852) - Persian Gulf material: BPBM 21196 (holotype), Hooktooth shark SMF 28109 (1 paratype), SNMNH F55 (1 paratype). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf 7 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Family Sphyrnidae Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm Eusphyrna blochii (Cuvier, 1816) - Winghead shark temperate seas. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Endangered (EN). by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Zygaena blochii; Remarks: Highly migratory species, Annex I of the subsquently reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969) as 1982 Convention on the Law of the Sea (FAO, Sphyrna blochii, Compagno (1984b) as Eusphyra Fisheries Department 1994). blochii, Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Sphyrna blochii, Randall (1995a) as Sphyrna blochii, Carpenter et al. Sphyrna zygaena (Linnaeus, 1758) - Smooth (1997b) and Jawad (2017). hammerhead Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Philippines, north to China, south to northern by Compagno (1984b); subsequently reported by Australia. Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Carpenter et al. (1997b) IUCN: Endangered (EN). and Jawad (2017). Distribution: Circumglobal in warm temperate seas, Sphyrna lewini (Griffith & Smith, 1834) - Scalloped occasionally in tropical seas. hammerhead (Kooseh-e-sarchakoshi in Persian) IUCN: Vulnerable (VU). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Compagno (1984b); subsequently reported by Family Triakidae Carpenter et al. (1997b), Moore et al. (2012a, 2012b), Mustelus mosis Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1899 - Jabado & Ebert (2015), Spaet et al. (2015) and Jawad Arabian smooth-hound (2017). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Distribution: Circumglobal in coastal warm by Compagno (1984b); previously reported by temperate and tropical seas (Compagno 1998). Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Mustelus manazo Western Atlantic: New Jersey, USA to Uruguay (non Bleeker 1855); also reported as Compagno (Menni & Lucifora 2007), including the Gulf of (1984b) as Hypogaleus hyugaensis (non Miyosi Mexico and Caribbean. Eastern Atlantic: western 1939), Carpenter (1997b) as Hypogaleus hyugaensis Mediterranean (McEachran & Capapé 1984) to (non Miyosi 1939), Basson et al. (1981) as Mustelus Namibia (Springer 1990). Indo-Pacific: Persian Gulf, manazo (non Bleeker 1855); subsequently reported Red Sea, East Africa and throughout the Indian by Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Mustelus manazo Ocean; Japan to New Caledonia, Hawaii and Tahiti. (non Bleeker 1855), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. Eastern Pacific: southern California, USA to (1997b), Bishop (2003), Moore et al. (2012a, 2012b, Ecuador, probably Peru. 2016), Ali (2013a), Jabado & Ebert (2015) and IUCN: Endangered (EN). Ziyadi et al. (2018). Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: East Sphyrna mokarran (Rüppell, 1837) - Great Africa east to , India and . hammerhead IUCN: Data deficient (DD). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Persian Gulf material: UMPT 19 (1). by Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b); subsequently reported by Compagno (1984b), Order LAMNIFORMES Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Krupp & Müller (1994), Family Odontaspididae Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003), Moore et al. Carcharias taurus Rafinesque, 1810 - Sand tiger (2012a, 2012b), Jabado & Ebert (2015) and Jawad shark (2017). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf 8 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

by Randall (1995a); also reported by Mahdi (1950) Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: as Carcharhinus lamia (non Rafinesque 1810), Gulf of Aden, Gulf of Oman and Persian Gulf east to Khalaf (1961) as Carcharhinus lamia (non western India. Rafinesque 1810), Mahdi & Georg (1969) as IUCN: Not evaluated (NE). Carcharias lamia (non Rafinesque 1810), Compagno Persian Gulf material: SMNS 14378 (2). (2001) as Carcharodon carcharias (non Linnaeus 1758), Jawad (2017) as Carcharodon carcharias (non Himantura leoparda Manjaji-Matsumoto & Last Linnaeus 1758); subsequently reported by Krupp et 2008 - Leopard whipray al. (2000), Bishop (2003), Moore et al. (2012b), Ali Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (2013a), Jabado et al. (2013), Jabado & Ebert (2015) by Last et al. (2016a). and Jawad (2017). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: South and East Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm Africa, Gulf of Aden and Persian Gulf east to temperate seas, but not in eastern and central Pacific. Philippines and New Guinea, north to Ryukyu IUCN: Vulnerable (VU). Islands, south to northern Australia. Persian Gulf material: SMF 12364 (1). IUCN: Vulnerable (VU).

Order MYLIOBATIFORMES Himantura uarnak (Gmelin, 1789) - Honeycomb Family Dasyatidae stingray (Pow-e-palangy, Persian; Lokmah, Arabic, Remarks: A Persian Gulf record of Dasyatis bennetti Kuwait) (Müller & Henle 1841) by Vossoughi & Vossoughi Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (1999) needs verification. by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Trygon uarnak; Brevitrygon walga (Müller & Henle, 1841) - Scaly subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969), whipray (Pow-e-dokhar, Persian) Kuronuma & Abe (1972), Relyea (1981), Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b), Kuronuma & by Vossoughi & Vossoughi (1999) as Himantura Abe (1986), Hussain et al. (1988) as Himantura walga; also Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Amphotistius urank, Wright (1988), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et imbricatus (non Bloch & Schneider 1801), al. (1997a, b), Vossoughi & Vossoughi (1999), Nasir Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Dasyatis imbricatus (non (2000), Bishop (2003), Moore et al. (2012a) as Bloch & Schneider 1801), Hussain et al. (1988) as Himantura uarnak species complex, Dehghani Dasyatis imbricatus (non Bloch & Schneider 1801), (2014), Last et al. (2016a) and Jawad (2017). Randall (1995a) as Himantura imbricata (non Bloch Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East & Schneider 1801), Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Africa and Eastern Cape Province (South Africa), Himantura imbricata (non Bloch & Schneider 1801), Seychelles, Madagascar and Mauritius (Mascarenes) Bishop (2003) as Himantura imbricata (non Bloch & east to Philippines; (Red Sea Schneider 1801), Moore et al. (2012a) as Himantura immigrant). imbricata (non Bloch & Schneider 1801), Jawad IUCN: Vulnerable (VU). (2017) as Himantura imbricata (non Bloch & Persian Gulf material: USNM 148100 (1). Schneider 1801), Torquato et al. (2017) as Himantura Remarks: This name has been used for a number of imbricata (non Bloch & Schneider 1801), Ziyadi et similar spotted species (Last & Stevens 1994). al. (2018) as Brevitrygon imbricata (non Bloch & Schneider 1801); subsequently reported by Nasir Megatrygon microps (Annandale 1908) - Smalleye (2000) as Himantura walga, Dehghani (2014) as stingray Himantura walga and Last et al. (2016a). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf 9 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

by Last et al. (2016a). IUCN: Data deficient (DD). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: South Africa, Persian Gulf east to Indonesia and New Guinea, Pateobatis fai (Jordan & Seale 1906) - Fai whipray south to northern Australia. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Data deficient (DD). by Moore et al. (2012a) as Himantura fai; subsequently reported by Last et al. (2016a) and Maculabatis randalli Last, Manjaji-Matsumoto & Jawad (2017) as Himantura fai. Moore, 2012 - Arabian banded whipray (Pow-e- Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: South chahargoosh, Persian) Africa to Marquesas, including Australia. Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). in original description by Last et al. (2012) as Himantura randalli; also reported by Blegvad & Pateobatis jenkinsii (Annandale 1909) - Jenkins' Løppenthin (1944) as Trygon gerrardi (non Gray whipray 1851), Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Trygon gerradi (non Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Gray 1851), Relyea (1981) as Himantura gerrardi by Last et al. (2016a); also reported by Kuronuma & (non Gray 1851), Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Abe (1986) as Himantura bleekeri (non Blyth 1860), Dasyatis gerrardi (non Gray 1851), Hussain et al. Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Himantura bleekeri (non (1988) as Dasyatis gerrardi (non Gray 1851), Randall Blyth 1860), Jawad (2017) as Himantura bleekeri (1995a) as Himantura gerrardi (non Gray 1851), (non Blyth 1860), Torquato et al. (2017) as Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Himantura gerrardi (non Himantura bleekeri (non Blyth 1860). Gray 1851), Dehghani (2014) as Himantura gerrardi Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: South and East (non Gray 1851), Jawad (2016a) as Himantura Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Papua gerrardi (non Gray 1851), Jawad (2017) as New Guinea, south to northern Australia. Himantura gerrardi (non Gray 1851); subsequently IUCN: Vulnerable (VU). reported by Last et al. (2016a), Jawad (2017) as Himantura randalli, and Whelan et al. (2017). Pastinachus sephen (Fabricius [ex Forsskål] in Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Niebuhr, 1775) – Cowtail stingray Gulf endemic. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Hypolophus Persian Gulf material: CSIRO H 7254-01 (holotype), sephen; subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg BPBM 29480 (1 paratype), BPBM 33201 (2 (1969), Basson et al. (1981) as Dasyatis sephen, paratypes), CSIRO H 7296-01 (1 paratype), MTUF Relyea (1981) as Dasyatis sephen, Kuronuma & Abe 20642 (1 paratype). (1986) as Dasyatis sephen, Hussain et al. (1988) as Hypolophus sephen, Krupp & Müller (1994) as Pastinachus ater (Macleay 1883) – Black stingray Dasyatis sephen, Carpenter et al. (1997b), Vossoughi Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf & Vossoughi (1999) as Hypolophus sephen, Bishop by Al-Mojil et al. (2015); subsequently reported by (2003), Moore et al. (2012a), Last et al. (2016a), Last et al. (2016a), Jawad (2017) and Whelan et al. Jawad (2017) and Whelan et al. (2017). (2017). Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Gulf of Aden, Gulf of Oman and Persian Gulf east to Madagascar and Persian Gulf east to Solomon Pakistan. Islands and New Caledonia, south to northern IUCN: Data deficient (DD). Australia. Remarks: Authorship of species name see Fricke 10 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

(2008). Porcupine whipray Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Pteroplatytrygon violacea (Bonaparte 1832) - Pelagic by Last et al. (2016a). stingray Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles and by Last et al. (2016a). Madagascar east to Mariana Islands and , south to Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm Western Australia, Chesterfield Islands and New temperate seas. Caledonia; possibly eastern Atlantic. IUCN: Least concern (LC). IUCN: Vulnerable (VU). Remark: synonym of Urogymnus africanus (Bloch & Taeniura lymma (Fabricius [ex Forsskål] in Niebuhr Schneider, 1801) and reported by Behzadi et al. 1775) – Ribbontail stingray (2012). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Wright (1988); subsequently reported by Last et Urogymnus granulatus (Macleay 1883) - Mangrove al. (2016a) and Jawad (2017). whipray Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf South Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to by Rastgoo et al. (2016) as Himantura granulata. Philippines and Papua New Guinea, north to Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Philippines, south to northern Australia. Africa east to and Solomon Islands, south to IUCN: Near Threatened (NT). northern Australia. Remarks: Authorship of species name see Fricke IUCN: Vulnerable (VU). (2008). Family Gymnuridae Taeniurops meyeni (Müller & Henle, 1841) - Round Gymnura poecilura (Shaw, 1804) - Long-tailed ribbontail ray butterfly ray Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Carpenter et al. (1997a, b) as Taeniura meyeni; by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Pteroplatea subsequently reported by Bishop (2003), Last et al. poecilura; subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg (2016a), Jawad (2016a, 2017) and Torquato et al. (1969), Relyea (1981), Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (2017). (1982b), Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Randall (1995a), Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Carpenter et al. (1997b), Vossoughi & Vossoughi South Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and (1999) as Gymnura hormosensis and G. poecilura, Mascarenes east to Marquesas Islands, north to Bishop (2003), Moore et al. (2012a) as Gymnura cf. Korea, southern Japan and Ogasawara Islands, south poecilura, Zare et al. (2012) and Ziyadi et al. (2018). to Queensland (Australia), Lord Howe Island, Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Norfolk Island and New Caledonia; also Galápagos Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Archipelago. Philippines and Society Islands, north to southern IUCN: Vulnerable (VU). Japan. Remarks: More widely known as Taeniura IUCN: Near Threatened (NT). melanospila Bleeker 1853, a junior synonym based Remarks: The name Gymnura hormosensis on the description of a juvenile specimen. Vossoughi & Vossoughi, 1999 is not available, as it was treated with uncertainty when described; it is Urogymnus asperrimus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) - here treated as a junior synonym of Gymnura 11 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

poecilura. 1834), Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Aetomylaeus maculatus (non Gray 1834), Vossoughi & Vossoughi Family Aetobatidae (1999) as Aetomylaeus maculatus (non Gray 1834), Aetobatus flagellum (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) - Moore et al. (2012a) as Aetomylaeus cf. milvus, and Longheaded Jawad (2017) as Aetomylaeus maculatus (non Gray Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf 1834). by Vossoughi & Vossoughi (1999); subsequently Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian reported by Moore et al. (2012a), Al-Mojil et al. Gulf and southern Arabia east to western India. (2015), White & Last (2016b) and Jawad (2017). IUCN: Not evaluated (NE). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to Borneo, north to southern China. Aetomylaeus nichofii (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) - IUCN: Endangered (EN). Banded eagle ray (Ramak-e-khatkamani, Persian; Lokhmah, Arabic, Kuwait) Aetobatus ocellatus (Kuhl 1823) - Spotted eagle ray Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (Ramak-e-khaldar, Persian) by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Myliobatis Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf nichofii; subsequently reported by Mahdi (1950) as by Jawad (2017); reported by Blegvad & Løppenthin Myliobatis aquila (non Linnaeus 1758), Khalaf (1944) as Aetobatus narinari (non Euphrasen 1790), (1961) as Myliobatis aquila (non Linnaeus 1758), Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Aetobatus narinari (non Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Aetomylaeus nichofii and Euphrasen 1790), Basson et al. (1981) as Aetobatis Myliobatis aquila (non Linnaeus 1758), Kuronuma & narinari (non Euphrasen 1790), Kuronuma & Abe Abe (1972, 1986), Basson et al. (1981) as Myliobatis (1986) as Aetobatus narinari (non Euphrasen 1790), nichofii, Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b) as Krupp & Müller (1994) as Aetobatus narinari (non Aetomyleus nichofii, Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Euphrasen 1790), Carpenter et al. (1997a, 1997b) as Myliobatis aquila (non Linnaeus 1758), Hussain et al. Aetobatus narinari (non Euphrasen 1790), Bishop (1988) as Aetomylaeus nichoffi, Randall (1995a), (2003) as Aetobatus narinari (non Euphrasen 1790), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Vossoughi & Vossoughi Moore et al. (2012a) as Aetobatus cf. ocellatus, (1999), Nasir (2000) as Aetomylaeus niehofii, White & Last (2016b), Jawad (2017) as Aetobatus Bishop (2003), Moore et al. (2012a), Ali (2013a) as narinari (non Euphrasen 1790), and Torquato et al. Myliobatis aquila (non Linnaeus 1758) and White & (2017) as Aetobatus narinari (non Euphrasen 1790). Last (2016a). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf and South Africa east to Hawaii and French Polynesia, Gulf of Oman east to Philippines, north to Japan. Japan and Australia. IUCN: Vulnerable (VU). IUCN: Near Threatened (NT). Family Mobulidae Family Myliobatidae Mobula birostris (Walbaum 1792) - Devil fish Aetomylaeus milvus (Müller & Henle 1841) - Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Ocellate eagle ray (Ramak-e-mokhattat, Persian) by Basson et al. (1981) as Manta birostris; previously Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf reported by Jabado & Ebert (2015) as Mobula by White & Last (2016a); also reported by Blegvad japanica (non Müller & Henle 1841); subsequently & Løppenthin (1944) as Myliobatis maculatus (non reported by White & Last (2016c). Gray 1834), Mahdi & Georg (1969), Kuronuma & Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical seas. Abe (1986) as Aetomylaeus maculatus (non Gray IUCN: Vulnerable (VU). 12 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Mobula kuhlii (Müller & Henle 1841) - Longhorned Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: South and mobula East Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Philippines, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to by White & Last (2016c); previously reported by southern Indonesia. Basson et al. (1981) as Mobula diabolus (non Shaw IUCN: Not evaluated (NE). 1804), Al-Hassan & Al-Badri (1986) as Mobula diabolus (non Shaw 1804), Kuronuma & Abe (1986) Order ORECTOLOBIFORMES as Mobula dialobus (non Shaw 1804), Hussain et al. Family Ginglymostomatidae (1988) as Mobula diabolus (non Shaw 1804), Nebrius ferrugineus (Lesson, 1831) - Tawny nurse Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Mobula diabolus (non shark Shaw 1804), Moore et al. (2012a) as Mobula cf. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf eregoodootenkee and Jabado & Ebert (2015) as by Wright (1988); subsequently reported by Mobula eregoodootenkee and M. kuhlii. Carpenter (1997b), Compagno (2001), Moore et al. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and (2012b) and Jabado & Ebert (2015). South Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: South and Philippines and New Guinea, south to northern East Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar Australia. and western Mascarenes east to Society Islands and IUCN: Data deficient (DD). Marquesas, north to southern Japan, south to northern Remarks: Mobula eregoodootenkee (Bleeker 1859) Australia and New Caledonia. is a junior synonym. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE).

Family Rhinopteridae Family Hemiscylliidae javanica Müller & Henle, 1841 - Chiloscyllium arabicum Gubanov, 1980 - Arabian Flapnose ray carpetshark (Gorbeh-kooseh-e-arabi, Persian) Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b) as by Compagno (1984a); subsequently reported by Rhinopterus adspersa; subsequently reported by Hussain et al. (1988), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Rhinoptera adspersa, al. (1997a, b), Compagno (2001), Bishop (2003), Vossoughi & Vossoughi (1999), Bishop (2003), Alec Moore et al. (2012a, b), Dehghani (2014), Jabado & & Moore (2012) as Rhinoptera adspersa, and Moore Ebert (2015) and Ziyadi et al. (2018). et al. (2012a). Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf and Gulf and southern Arabia east to western India. Gulf of Oman east to Philippines, north to Ryukyu IUCN: Near Threatened (NT). Islands, south to southern Indonesia. Remark: Chiloscyllium confusum (Dingerkus & IUCN: Vulnerable (VU). DeFino, 1983) is a junior synonym. Remarks. Rhinoptera adspersa Valenciennes in Müller & Henle 1841 is a junior synonym. Chiloscyllium griseum Müller & Henle, 1838 - Grey bambooshark (Hayyasa, Arabic, Kuwait) Rhinoptera jayakari (Boulenger 1895) - Shorttail Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf cownose ray by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969), Kuronuma & by Al-Mojil et al. (2015); subsequently reported by Abe (1972, 1986), Basson et al. (1981), Last et al. (2016c) and Jawad (2017). Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b), Compagno 13 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

(1984a), Hussain et al. (1988), Abou-Seedo (1992), Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Carpenter (1997b), Nasir (2000), Bishop (2003) and by Compagno (1984a); subsequently reported by Jabado & Ebert (2015). Carpenter et al. (1997a, b) as Stegostoma varium, Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf and Compagno (2001), Bishop (2003), Moore et al. Gulf of Oman east to Philippines and Papua New (2012b), Ali (2013a), Jabado & Ebert (2015), Jawad Guinea, north to southern Japan. (2017) and Torquato et al. (2017). IUCN: Near Threatened (NT). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Persian Gulf material: SMNS 14399 (1). Africa, South Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and Mauritius (Mascarenes) east to Marshall Islands and Family Rhincodontidae , north to southern Japan, south to Western Rhincodon typus Smith, 1828 - Whale shark Australia, New South Wales (Australia) and New Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Caledonia. by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently IUCN: Endangered (EN). reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969), Basson et al. (1981), Compagno (1984a), Kuronuma & Abe Order PRISTIFORMES (1986), Carpenter (1997b), Compagno (2001), Family Pristidae Bishop (2003), Moore et al. (2012b), Jabado & Ebert Anoxypristis cuspidata (Lathaman, 1794) - Pointed (2015) and Robinson et al. (2017). sawfish Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf temperate seas except the Mediterranean. by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Pristis IUCN: Endangered (EN). cuspidatus; subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg Remarks: Identified as one of the species with an (1969) as Pristis cuspidatus, Kuronuma & Abe unfavorable conservation status in Appendix II of the (1986) as Pristis cuspidatus, Hussain et al. (1988) as Bonn Convention for the Conservation of Migratory Pristis cuspidatus, Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. Species of Wild in 1999. Classified as a (1997b), Vossoughi & Vossoughi (1999), Jabado & highly migratory species, in Annex I of the 1982 Ebert (2015), Last et al. (2016d), Jabado et al. (2017), United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea Jawad (2017) and Jabado (2018). (UNCLOS) which called for 'coordinated Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East management and assessment to better understand Africa and Persian Gulf east to Philippines and New cumulative impacts of effort on the status of Guinea, north to southern Japan, south to northern the shared populations' of these (FAO, Australia. Fisheries Department 1994). Included in Appendix II IUCN: Endangered (EN). of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora Pristis zijsron Bleeker, 1851 - Longcomb sawfish (CITES) since May 2003. This can partially Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf implement the original objective of the FAO by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Pristis zysron; International Plan of Action for the Conservation and subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Management of Sharks (IPOA-Sharks). However, Pristis zysron, Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Krupp & international trade still exists. Müller (1994), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Nasir (2000) as Pristis pristis (non Linnaeus Family Stegostomatidae 1758), Bishop (2003), Jabado & Ebert (2015), Last et Stegostoma fasciatum (Hermann, 1783) - Zebra al. (2016d), Jabado et al. (2017), Jawad (2017) and shark (Kooseh-e-Goor-e-khari, Persian) Jabado (2018). 14 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: South and IUCN: Vulnerable (VU). East Africa and Persian Gulf east to Philippines and New Guinea, north to southern China, south to New Rhynchobatus djiddensis (Forsskål in Niebuhr 1775) South Wales (Australia). - Giant guitarfish (Balando, Arabic, Kuwait) IUCN: Critically Endangered (CR). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently Order reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969), Kuronuma & Family Rajidae Abe (1972, 1986), Basson et al. (1981), Relyea Raja pita Fricke & Al-Hassan, 1995 - Pita skate (1981), Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b), Krupp Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf & Müller (1994), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Vossoughi in original description by Fricke & Al-Hassan & Vossoughi (1999) as Rhynchobatus djeddensis, (1995), subsequently reported by Carpenter et al. Nasir (2000), Bishop (2003), Moore et al. (2012a) as (1997b) and Last et al. (2016b). Rhynchobatus cf. djiddensis, Last et al. (2016e) and Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Jabado (2018). Gulf endemic. Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: East IUCN: Data deficient (DD). and South Africa to Madagascar and Réunion Persian Gulf material: SMNS 14381 (holotype). (western Mascarenes) and Persian Gulf. IUCN: Vulnerable (VU). Family Rhinidae Rhina ancylostoma Bloch & Schneider, 1801 - Rhynchobatus laevis (Bloch & Schneider 1801) - Bowmouth guitarfish Smoothnose wedgefish Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Rhynchobatus by Compagno & Last (2008); subsequently reported ancylostomus; subsequently reported by Mahdi & by Last et al. (2016e) and Jabado (2018). Georg (1969), Relyea (1981), Kuronuma & Abe Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf and (1986), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003), Gulf of Oman east to southern China, north to Moore et al. (2012a), Last et al. (2016e) and Jabado southern Japan. (2018). IUCN: Vulnerable (VU). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar Family Glaucostegidae and Mauritius (Mascarenes) east to Philippines, north Glaucostegus granulatus (Cuvier, 1829) - Granulated to southern Japan, south to New South Wales guitarfish (Australia) and New Caledonia. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Vulnerable (VU). by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Rhinobatus granulatus; subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg Rhynchobatus australiae Whitley 1939 - Bottlenose (1969) as Rhinobatus granulatus, Relyea (1981) as wedgefish Rhinobatos granulatus, Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (1982b) as Rhinobatos granulatus, Kuronuma & Abe by Last et al. (2016e); subsequently reported by (1986) as Rhinobatus granulatus, Hussain et al. Jabado (2018). (1988) as Rhinobatus granulatus, Randall (1995a) as Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa and Rhinobatos granulatus, Randall & Compagno (1995) Persian Gulf east to Philippines and New Guinea, as Rhinobatos granulatus, Carpenter et al. (1997b) as south to eastern Australia. Rhinobatos granulatus, Vossoughi & Vossoughi 15 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

(1999) as Rhinobatos granulatus, Bishop (2003), and Gulf of Oman east to of Bengal (India). Moore et al. (2012a) as Rhinobatos granulatus, Séret IUCN: Data deficient (DD). et al. (2016b) and Jabado (2018). Distribution: Northern Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf Rhinobatos punctifer Compagno & Randall 1987 - and Gulf of Oman east to Myanmar. Spotted guitarfish IUCN: Vulnerable (VU). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Persian Gulf material: BPBM 33217 (1). by Séret et al. (2016a); previously reported by Vossoughi & Vossoughi (1999) as Rhinobatus Glaucostegus halavi (Fabricius [ex Forsskål] in schlegelli (non Müller & Henle 1841), Moore et al. Niebuhr 1775) - Halavi guitarfish (2012a) as Rhinobatos cf. punctifer, and Jabado Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (2018). by Moore et al. (2012a) as Rhinobatos halavi; Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: subsequently reported by Séret et al. (2016b), Gulf of Aden and Persian Gulf east to Pakistan. Whelan et al. (2017) and Jabado (2018). IUCN: Data deficient (DD). Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf, Gulf of Oman to Pakistan. Order TORPEDINIFORMES IUCN: Data deficient (DD). Family Narcinidae Remarks: Authorship of species name see Fricke Narcine oculifera Carvalho, Compagno & Mee 2001 (2008). - Eyespotted numbfish Status in Persian Gulf: New record from Persian Family Rhinobatidae Gulf; previously reported by Relyea (1981) as Remarks: A Persian Gulf record of Rhinobatos Narcine timlei (non Bloch & Schneider 1801), annandalei Norman 1926 by Vossoughi & Vossoughi Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Narcine timlei (non Bloch (1999) needs verification. & Schneider 1801), Vossughi (1999) as Narcine sp. Acroteriobatus omanensis Last, Henderson & Naylor 1, and Behzadi et al. (2012) as Narcine sp. 2. 2016 - Oman sandshark Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Gulf of Status in Persian Gulf: New record from Persian Aden, Gulf of Oman and Persian Gulf. Gulf; previously reported by Relyea (1981) as IUCN: Data deficient (DD). Rhinobatos annulatus (non Müller & Henle 1841), Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Rhinobatos annulatus Family Torpedinidae (non Müller & Henle 1841), Abou-Seedo (1992) as Torpedo panthera Olfers, 1831 - Panther electric ray Rhynchobatus annulatus (non Müller & Henle 1841) (Fattrah, Arabic, Kuwait) and Ali (2013a) as Acroteriobatus annulatus (non Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Müller & Henle 1841). by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); also reported by Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Relyea (1981) as Torpedo marmorata (non Risso Gulf to Gulf of Oman. 1810), Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Torpedo IUCN: Least Concern (LC). marmorata (non Risso 1810), Vosughi (1999) as Torpedo marmorata (non Risso 1810); subsequently Rhinobatos annandalei Norman 1926 - Bengal reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969), Kuronuma & guitarfish Abe (1972), Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Randall Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003) and by Jabado (2018). Jawad (2017). Distribution: Northern Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf Distribution: Red Sea, northern Indian Ocean: Gulf 16 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

of Aden, Gulf of Oman and Persian Gulf east to Bay Africa and Persian Gulf east to Philippines, north to of Bengal (India). Taiwan. IUCN: Data deficient (DD). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Persian Gulf material: USNM 222527 (1). cinereus (Forsskål in Niebuhr 1775) - Torpedo sinuspersici Olfers, 1831 - Variable torpedo Daggertooth pike conger (Mar-mahi-e-tiz-dandan, ray Persian) Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf in original description by Olfers (1831); by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently subsequently reported by Relyea (1981) as Torpedo reported by Khalaf (1961), Mahdi & Georg (1969), sinus-persici, Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Torpedo Castle & Williamson (1975), Kuronuma & Abe sinus-persicus, Wright (1988), Krupp & Müller (1986), Hussain et al. (1988), Randall (1995a), (1994), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003), Owfi et al. Vossoughi & Vossoughi (1999), Bishop (2003) and (2013) as Muraenesox bagio (non Hamilton 1822) Jawad (2017). and Muraenesox sp. and Jawad (2017). Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: East Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and South Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east Africa and Madagascar east to Mariana Islands, north to western India. to China, south to northern Australia; Mediterranean IUCN: Data deficient (DD). Sea (Red Sea immigrant). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Class Actinopterygii Order ANGUILIFORMES Family Muraenidae Family Congridae Remarks: A Persian Gulf record of Gymnothorax Conger cinereus Rüppell, 1830 - Longfin African johnsoni (Smith 1962) by Owfi et al. (2013) needs conger (Mar-mahi-e-bale-e-boland-afrighaei, verification. Persian) Echidna nebulosa (Ahl, 1789) - Starry moray Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Carpenter et al. (1997b); subsequently reported by by Carpenter et al. (1997b); subsequently reported by Jawad (2017). Bishop (2003), Owfi et al. (2013) and Jawad (2017). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-Pacific: East and South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar and Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Comoros, Mascarenes east to Japan and Ogasawara Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Hawaiian Islands,Hawaiian Islands, Line Islands and Pitcairn Islands and Panama, north to southern Japan and Group, south to Western Australia, Lord Howe Johnston Atoll, south to Western Australia and New Island, New Caledonia and Rapa. Caledonia. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE).

Family Gymnomuraena zebra (Shaw, 1797) - Zebra moray Congresox talabonoides (Bleeker, 1853) - Indian Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf pike conger by Krupp & Müller (1994) as Echidna zebra, Randall Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf et al. (1994); subsequently reported by Carpenter et by Owfi et al. (2013). al. (1997a, b) and Bishop (2003). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-Pacific: East Africa, 17 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Seychelles, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Persian Gulf material: BPBM 33329 (1). Hawaiian Islands and Galápagos Archipelago and Revillagigedo Archipelago and Bahía Chamela, Gymnothorax pseudoherrei Böhlke 2000 - Brown Mexico, north to Ryukyu Islands and Ogasawara moray Islands, south to North West Cape (Western Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf Australia) and New Caledonia. in original description by Böhlke (2000). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: Persian Persian Gulf material: BPBM 30493 (1). Gulf east to Philippines and Solomon Islands, south to northern Australia. Gymnothorax flavimarginatus (Rüppell, 1830) IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Persian Gulf material: BPBM 33328 (1 paratype), by Jawad (2017). BPBM 33356 (3 paratypes). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-Pacific: East and South Africa, Persian Gulf, Comoros, Seychelles, Gymnothorax undulatus (Lacepede, 1803) - Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Panama and Undulated moray Revillagigedo Archipelago, north to Ryukyu Islands, Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Ogasawara Islands and Hawaiian Islands, south to by Krupp & Müller (1994); subsequently reported by Western Australia, Queensland (Australia) and New Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), Bishop (2003), Jawad Caledonia. (2017) and Torquato et al. (2017). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-Pacific: East Africa, Port Persian Gulf material: USNM 195570 (1). Alfred (South Africa), Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Panama and Gymnothorax megaspilus Böhlke & Randall 1995 - Revillagigedo Archipelago, north to southern Japan, Kidako moray Ogasawara Islands, Hawaiian Islands and Gambier Status in Persian Gulf: New record from Persian Islands, south to Western Australia at 28°54'S, New Gulf; previously reported by Owfi et al. (2014) as South Wales (Australia) and New Caledonia. Gymnothorax kidako (non Temminck & Schlegel IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). 1846). Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: southern Strophidon sathete (Hamilton, 1822) - Slender giant Oman to Persian Gulf. moray IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Owfi et al. (2013). Gymnothorax phasmatodes (Smith, 1962) - Ghost Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East moray Africa, South Africa, Madagascar and western Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Mascarenes east to Mariana Islands and Society by Randall et al. (1994); subsequently reported by Islands, north to southern Japan, south to Western Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Jawad (2017). Australia, Queensland (Australia) and New Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: South and East Caledonia. Africa, Madagascar and Mauritius (Mascarenes) east IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). to Philippines and Papua New Guinea, north to Taiwan, south to northern Great Barrier Reef Family Ophichthidae (Queensland, Australia). Remarks: A Persian Gulf record of Ichthyapus IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). acuticeps (Barnard, 1923) by Owfi et al. (2013) needs 18 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

verification. Ophichthus apicalis (Anonymous [Bennett], 1830) - Bluntnose snake- Lamnostoma orientalis (McClelland, 1844) - Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Oriental worm-eel by Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as O. apicalis and Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf O. celebicus (non Bleeker 1856); subsequently by Carpenter et al. (1997b); subsequently reported by reported by Owfi et al. (2013) as Ophichthus Zajonz et al. (2002). celebicus (non Bleeker 1856). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East and South Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: South and East Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to New Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Guinea, Society Islands and Marqueas Islands, Philippines. (questionably Society Islands), south to New IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Caledonia. Persian Gulf material: USNM 147841 (1). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Pisodonophis hoevenii (Bleeker, 1853) - Hoeven's Muraenichthys schultzei Bleeker, 1857 - Maimed snake eel snake eel Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Pisoodonophis reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969), Kuronuma & hoevenii, Randall (1995a) and Carpenter et al. Abe (1986), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b). (1997b) and Zajonz et al. (2002). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf; Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East eastern Indonesia. Africa, Persian Gulf and Mauritius (Mascarenes), IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). southwestern Indian Ocean. (Mascarenes) east to Johnston Atoll and Tuamotu Archipelago, north to Order ATHERINIFORMES Ryukyu Islands, south to Queensland (Australia), Family Atherinidae New Caledonia and . lacunosus (Forster, 1801) - Wide- IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). banded hardyhead silverside (Manchoos, Arabic, Kuwait) Myrichthys colubrinus (Boddaert, 1781) - Harlequin Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf snake eel by Carpenter et al. (1997b), Kimura et al. (2007); also Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf reported by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as by Field (2005); subsequently reported by Jawad forskålii, Mahdi & Georg (1969) as (2017). Allanetta forskalii, Kuronuma & Abe (1972) as Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Allanetta forskalii, Basson et al. (1981) as Allanetta South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Comoros, forsskalii, Relyea (1981) as Allanetta forskåli, Madagascar and western Mascarenes east to Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b) as Allanetta Johnston Atoll and Tuamotu Archipelago (but not forskali, Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Allanetta Hawaiian Islands), north to Ryukyu Islands and forskali, Krupp & Müller (1994), Bishop (2003) and Ogasawara Islands, south to Western Australia and Taher et al. (2012). New Caledonia. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Hawaiian Islands and Tuamotu 19 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Archipelago, north to southern Japan and Ogasawara Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982a, 1982b) as Islands, south to Western Australia, New South Saurida undosquamis (non Richardson 1848), Wales (Australia) and Rapa; Mediterranean Sea (Red Hussain et al. (1988) as Saurida undosquamis (non Sea immigrant). Richardson 1848), Krupp & Müller (1994) as Saurida IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). undosquamis (non Richardson 1848), Carpenter et al. Persian Gulf material: BMNH 2014.5.27.22-23 (2), (1997b) as Saurida undosquamis (non Richardson CAS 44849 (2), SU 68681 (1), SU 68690 (11), 1848) and Bishop (2003) as Saurida undosquamis USNM 148063 (1). (non Richardson 1848). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa and Atherinomorus pinguis (Lacepède, 1803) - Narrow- Persian Gulf east to Gulf of Thailand, north to banded hardyhead silverside southern Japan. Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf IUCN: Least Concern (LC). by Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Pranesus pinguis; Persian Gulf material: UMPT 05 (42), UMPT 06 subsequently reported by Kimura et al. (2007). (136), UMPT 07 (7), UMPT 09 (1), UMPT 10 (3), Distribution: Indian Ocean: South and East Africa UMPT 11 (20), UMPT 15 (96), UMPT 18 (3), UMPT and Persian Gulf east to Indonesia. 20 (1), USNM 265748 (4), USNM 265751 (2). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Persian Gulf material: UMPT 02 (2), USNM 147607 Saurida tumbil (Bloch, 1795) - Greater lizardfish (42), USNM 386902 (1). (Kijar-e-bozorg, Persian) Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf temminckii (Bleeker, 1854) - Samoan by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently silverside reported by Mahdi (1950), Menon (1960), Khalaf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (1961), Mahdi & Georg (1969), Relyea (1981), by Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Hypoatherina Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982a, 1982b), temmincki; subsequently reported by Bishop (2003). Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Abou-Seedo (1992), Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Persian Carpenter et al. (1997b), Valinassab et al. (2006), Gulf and Madagascar east to Tuamotu Archipelago, Nasir & Khalid (2013), Dehghani (2014), Hoveizavi north to China, south to Australia and New et al. (2016), Moravec et al. (2016) and Ziyadi et al. Caledonia. (2018). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Distribution: Red Sea, Indian Ocean: East Africa, Persian Gulf material: USNM 148059 (58), USNM Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to India. 148060 (60), USNM 148061 (24), USNM 148062 IUCN: Least Concern (LC). (1). Persian Gulf material: SMNS 14392 (1), UMPT 06 (1), UMPT 07 (13), UMPT 11 (6), UMPT 13 (5), Order AULOPIFORMES UMPT 14 (12), UMPT 15 (8), UMPT 16 (4), UMPT Family Synodonthidae 17 (4), UMPT 18 (7), USNM 196491 (1). Saurida macrolepis Tanaka 1917 - Brushtooth lizardfish (Kijar-e-manghoot, Persian) Synodus variegatus (Lacepède, 1803) - Variegated Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf lizardfish by Inoue & Nakabo (2006), previously reported by Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986) as Saurida by Kuronuma & Abe (1986); subsequently reported undosquamis (non Richardson 1848), Relyea (1981) by Krupp & Müller (1994), Carpenter et al. (1997a, as Saurida undosquamis (non Richardson 1848), 1997b) and Bishop (2003). 20 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Austrobatrachus dussumieri, Carpenter et al. (1997a, Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar and 1997b) as Austrobatrachus dussumieri, Bishop Mascarenes east to Hawaiian Islands and Pitcairn (2003) as Austrobatrachus dussumieri and Jawad Group, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to Lord Howe (2017) as Colletteichthys dususmieri. Island, New Caledonia, Kermadec Islands and Rapa, Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian straying to New Zealand. Gulf east to Pakistan. IUCN: Least Concern (LC). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Persian Gulf material: BPBM 29525 (holotype), Trachinocephalus trachinus (Temminck & Schlegel BPBM 21485 (1 paratype), BPBM 30509 (1 1846) - Snakefish (Kasoor, Arabic, Kuwait) paratype), BPBM 33302 (1 paratype), BPBM 33398 Status in Persian Gulf: New record from Persian (3 paratypes), BPBM 41090 (1 paratype), CAS Gulf; previously reported by Kuronuma & Abe 233656 (1 paratype), SU 64109 (2), USNM 147913 (1972, 1986) as Trachinocephalus myops (non (6 paratypes), USNM 147915 (1), USNM 196473 Forster 1801), Relyea (1981) as Trachinocephalus (1), USNM 392608 (1). myops (non Forster 1801), Carpenter et al. (1997b) as T. myops (non Forster 1801) and Bishop (2003) as Order T. myops (non Forster 1801). Family Belonidae Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Ablennes hians (Valenciennes, 1846) - Flat Africa east to Hawaiian Islands, north to southern needlefish (Hakool, Arabic, Kuwait) Japan. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Least Concern (LC). by Kuronuma & Abe (1972); subsequently reported Persian Gulf material: USNM 265749 (2), USNM by Relyea (1981), Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim 265750 (1). (1982b), Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Abou-Seedo Remark: Previously named Trachinocephalus myops (1992), Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Bishop (2003). (non Forster, 1801). Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm temperate seas. Order BATRACHOIDIFORMES IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Family Batrachoididae Persian Gulf material: USNM 148094 (1), USNM Colletteichthys occidentalis Greenfield 2012 - Flat 148028 (15). toadfish (Nakkaka, Arabic, Kuwait) Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf platyura (Bennett, 1832) - Keeltail in original description by Greenfield (2012); needlefish previously reported by Regan (1905) as Batrachus Status in Persian Gulf: New record from Persian grunniens (non Linnaeus 1758), Blegvad & Gulf; previously reported by Randall (1995a) as Løppenthin (1944) as Batrachus grunniens (non Platybelone argalus platura (non Rüppell 1837), Linnaeus 1758), Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Batrachus Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Platybelone argalus grunniens (non Linnaeus 1758), Kuronuma & Abe platura (non Rüppell 1837) and Bishop (2003) as (1972, 1986) as Batrachus grunniens (non Linnaeus Platybelone argalus (non LeSueur 1821). 1758), Relyea (1981) as Batrachus grunniens (non Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Persian Linnaeus 1758), Wright (1988) as Batrachus Gulf, Seychelles, Comores and Mascarenes east to grunniens (non Linnaeus 1758), Krupp & Müller Hawaiian Islands, Easter Island and Sala-y-Gomez (1994) as Austrobatrachus dussumieri and Batrachus Ridge, north to east of central Japan and Ogasawara grunniens (non Linnaeus 1758), Randall (1995a) as Islands, south to Kimberleys (Western Australia), 21 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Lord Howe Island, New Caledonia, Kermadec Khalid (2013) as strongylurus and Jawad Islands and Rapa. (2016c, 2017). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to Persian Gulf material: USNM 148029 (11). Philippines, north to southern China, south to northern Australia. Strongylura leiura (Bleeker, 1850) - Banded IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). needlefish (Hakool, Arabic, Kuwait) Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Tylosurus crocodilus (Péron & Lesueur, 1821) - by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Tylosurus Hound needlefish (Menghar-mahi-e-shekarchi in leiurus; subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg Persian) (1969) as Tylosurus leiurus, Kuronuma & Abe Status in Persian Gulf: First record from the Persian (1972) as Tylosurus leiurus, Relyea (1981) as Gulf by Mahdi & Georg (1969); subsequently Tylosurus leiurus, Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim reported by Abou-Seedo (1992), Krupp et al. (2002), (1982b) as Tylosurus leiurus, Kuronuma & Abe Bishop (2003), Taher et al. (2012), Nasir & Khalid (1986), Abou-Seedo (1992) as Tylosurus leiurus, (2013) as Tylorurus crocodiles and Jawad (2017). Randall (1995a) as Strongylura leiura leiura, Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm Carpenter et al. (1997b), Nasir (2000), Bishop temperate seas, but not in eastern Pacific. (2003), Taher et al. (2012), Jawad (2016c, 2017) and IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Ziyadi et al. (2018). Persian Gulf material: USNM 148095 (1). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Comores, Madagascar and western Tylosurus melanotus (Bleeker, 1850) - Keel-jawed Mascarenes east to Hawaiian Islands, Easter Island needlefish and Sala-y-Gomez Ridge, north to central Japan and Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Ogasawara Islands, south to Kimberleys (Western by Jawad (2016c, 2017). Australia), Lord Howe Island, New Caledonia, Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-Pacific: East Africa aqnd Kermadec Islands and Rapa. Persian Gulf east to Revillagigedo, Clipperton and IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Cocos islands (eastern Pacific). Persian Gulf material: BMNH 2014.5.27.2 (1), IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). SMNS 14379 (2), USNM 148030 (16), USNM 148097 (1), USNM 188851 (1). Family Exocoetidae Remarks: Persian Gulf records of Hirundichthys (Hasselt, 1823) - Spottail oxycephalus (Bleeker, 1853) and Prognichthys needlefish brevipinnis (Valenciennes, 1847) by Richards & Al- Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Yamani (2008) need verification. by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Tylosurus oligolepis (Bleeker, 1865) - Largescale strongylurus; subsequently reported by Misra (1947), flyingfish (Yaradah, Arabic, Kuwait) Bolster (1948) as Tylosurus strongilura, Mahdi Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (1950), Khalaf (1961), Mahdi & Georg (1969) as by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Cypsilurus Tylosurus strongylurus, Relyea (1981) as Tylosurus oligolepis; subsequently recorded by Mahdi & Georg strongylurus, Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Hussain et (1969) as Cypsilurus oligolepis, Kuronuma & Abe al. (1988, 1994), Abou-Seedo (1992) as Tylosurus (1972) as Cypserulus oligolepis, Basson et al. (1981), strongylura, Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b), Kuronuma & (1997b), Nasir (2000), Bishop (2003), Nasir & Abe (1986), Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall 22 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

(1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Bishop (2003). Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b), Kuronuma & Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Abe (1986) as Hemiramphus far (non Fabricius [ex Africa east to Philippines and Solomon Islands, north Forsskål] in Niebuhr 1775), Abou-Seedo (1992), to southern China, south to northern Australia. Hussain et al. (1994), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). al. (1997b), Zajonz et al. (2002) as Hemiramphus far (non Fabricius [ex Forsskål] in Niebuhr 1775), (Valenciennes, 1847) - African Bishop (2003) and Taher et al. (2012) as sailfin flyingfish (Yaradah, Arabic, Kuwait) Hemiramphus archipelagicus (non Collette & Parin Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf 1978). by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Tylosurus Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: leiurus; subsequently recorded by Mahdi & Georg Persian Gulf. (1969), Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986), Basson et al. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). (1981), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Persian Gulf material: SMNS 14415 (4), USNM Bishop (2003). 148020 (37), USNM 148021 (1), USNM 148022 (8), Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East USNM 148023 (4), USNM 218680 (1). Africa east to Marshall Islands and Fiji, north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia; Hyporhamphus limbatus (Valenciennes, 1847) - Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea immigrant). Congaturi IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Persian Gulf material: UMPT 05 (1). by Parin et al. (1980); subsequently reported by Relyea (1981), Hussain et al. (1988) as Hemiramphus Family Hemiramphidae limbatus, Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Nasir (2000). Remarks: Persian Gulf records by Blegvad & Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to Løppenthin (1944) as Hemirhamphus gaimardi (non southern China. Valenciennes, 1847), Mahdi & Georg (1969) as IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Hemirhamphus gaimardii (non Valenciennes 1847), Persian Gulf material: USNM 266356 (6). Nader & Jawdat (1977) as Hemirhamphus gaimardi (non Valenciennes 1847), Kuronuma & Abe (1986) Hyporhamphus sindensis (Regan, 1905) - Sind as Hemiramphus gaimardi (non Valenciennes 1847) halfbeak and Richards et al. (2008) as Hyporhamphus quoyi Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (non Valenciennes 1847), need verifiation. by Parin et al. (1980); subsequently reported by Hemiramphus marginatus (Forsskål in Niebuhr Relyea (1981), Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall 1775) - Yellowtip halfbeak (Sils, Arabic, Kuwait; (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997a, 1997b) and Bishop Nim-menghar-e-jahandeh, Persian) (2003). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Hemirhamphus Gulf east to Pakistan. marginatus; subsequently recorded by Mahdi & IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Georg (1969) as Hemirhamphus marginatus, Persian Gulf material: USNM 147605 (1), USNM Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986), Parin et al. (1980), 147816 (2), USNM 148024 (53), USNM 218736 Basson et al. (1981) as Hemiramphus far (non (20), USNM 218738 (6), USNM 218739 (4), USNM Fabricius [ex Forsskål] in Niebuhr 1775), Relyea 218740 (4). (1981) as Hemiramphus marginatus and as H. far (non Fabricius [ex Forsskål] in Niebuhr 1775), Hyporhamphus unicuspis Collette & Parin, 1978 - 23 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Simpletooth halfbeak Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently by Parin et al. (1980); subsequently reported by reported by Mahdi (1950), Menon (1960), Khalaf Randall (1995a) and Carpenter et al. (1997b). (1961), Whitehead (1965), Mahdi & Georg (1969), Distribution: Northern Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986), Basson et al. (1981), east to coast of Thailand. Relyea (1981), Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). (1982b), Whitehead (1985), Hussain et al. (1988, Persian Gulf material: USNM 148023 (1). 1994), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Nasir (2000), Bishop (2003), Hussain et al. (2004), Nasir & Khalid (2013), (Valenciennes, 1847) - Jawad (2017) and Ziyadi et al. (2018) Long billed half beak Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Hemirhamphus and eastern Mascarenes east to Indonesia, Fiji and georgii; subsequently reported by Mahdi (1950) as Tonga, north to southern Japan, south to Western Hemirhamphus georgii, Khalaf (1961) as Australia at 22°15'S, New South Wales (Australia) Hemiramphus georgii, Mahdi & Georg (1969) as and New Caledonia. Hemirhamphus georgii, Parin et al. (1980), Relyea IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). (1981) as Hemirhamphus georgii, Kuronuma & Abe Remarks: Authorship of species name see Fricke (1986), Randall (1995a) and Carpenter et al. (1997b). (2008). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf and Arabian Sea east to Philippines and New Guinea, Chirocentrus nudus Swainson, 1839 - Whitefin wolf- north to Taiwan, south to northern Australia. (Kharoo baleh-sefid in Persian) IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Mahdi & Georg (1969); subsequently reported by Order Al-Hassan & Hussain (1985), Whitehead (1985), Family Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Abou-Seedo (1992), japonica (Houttuyn 1782) - Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003), Hussain et Pineconefish al. (2004), Dehghani (2014) and Jawad (2017). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and by Jawad et al. (2014c). South Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Seychelles east to Philippines and New Guinea, north South Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and western to southern Japan, south to Western Australia and Mascarenes east to Philippines, north to Korea, Queensland (Australia). southern Japan and Ogasawara Islands, south to IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). South Australia, Kermadec Islands and northern New Zealand. IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Family Clupeidae Amblygaster sirm (Walbaun, 1792) - Spotted Order CLUPEIFORMES sardinella Family Chirocentridae Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Chirocentrus dorab (Fabricius [ex Forsskål] in by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Sardinella sirm; Niebuhr, 1775) - Dorab wolf-herring (Hiff, Arabic, subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969), Kuwait) Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Sardinella 24 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

(Amblygaster) sirm, Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. Remarks: Earlier records included Dussumieria (1997b) and Taher et al. (2012). elopsoides. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar and Dussumieria elopsoides Bleeker, 1849 - Slender western Mascarenes east to northern Gilbert Islands rainbow (Kiribati), Samoa and Tonga, north to southern Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Japan, south to Dampier Archipelago (Western by Whitehead (1985); subsequently reported by Australia), Queensland (Australia) and New Carpenter et al. (1997b). Caledonia. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). and Persian Gulf east to Solomon Islands, north to Persian Gulf material: UMPT 06 (2), UMPT 07 (1). Taiwan, south to northern Australia; Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea immigrant). Anodontostoma chacunda (Hamilton, 1822) - IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Chacunda gizzard shad (Govaf-e-koochak, Persian) Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Etrumeus sadina (Mitchill, 1814) - Red- round by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Dorosoma herring chacunda; subsequently reported by Whitehead Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (1965), Mahdi & Georg (1969), Whitehead (1985), by Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Etrumeus teres; Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Hussain et al. (1988, subsequently reported by Carpenter et al. (1997b) as 1994), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Etrumeus teres. Bishop (2003), Valinassab et al. (2013), Dehghani Distribution: Circumtropical, except for central and (2014) and Jawad (2016b, 2017). eastern Pacific. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Philippines, south to northern Australia and New Persian Gulf material: UMPT 10 (1). Caledonia. Remark: Etrumeus teres (DeKay 1842) is a junior IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). synonym. Persian Gulf material: ZMUC C10-11 (2). Herklotsichthys lossei Wongratana, 1983 – Persian Dussumieria acuta Valenciennes, 1847 - Rainbow Gulf herring sardine (Sardin-e-rangin-kaman in Persian) Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf in original description by Wongratana (1983); by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently subsequently reported by Whitehead (1985), Krupp reported by Whitehead (1963), Whitehead (1965), & Müller (1994), Randall (1995a) and Carpenter et Mahdi & Georg (1969), Relyea (1981), Whitehead al. (1997b). (1985), Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Abou-Seedo Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf, (1992) as Sardinella acuta, Randall (1995a), endemic. Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003), Dehghani IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). (2014) and Jawad (2016b, 2017). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Somalia, Oman, Herklotsichthys quadrimaculatus (Rüppell, 1837) - Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Philippines. Bluestripe herring IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Persian Gulf material: BMNH 2014.5.27.15-16 (2), by Carpenter et al. (1997b); previously reported by ZMUC CN5-7 (3). Whitejead (1965) as Herklotsichthys punctatus (non 25 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Rüppell 1837); subsequrntly reported by Whitehead Krupp & Müller (1994), Nelson & McCarthy (1995), (1985) and Bishop (2003). Carpenter et al. (1997b), Zajonz et al. (2002), Bishop Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and (2003), Nasir & Khalid (2013), Valinassab et al. South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar (2013) as Nematalosa nasua, Dehghani (2014), and western Mascarenes east to Philippines, Samoa Jawad (2016b, 2017) and Ziyadi et al. (2018). and Tonga, north to southern Japan and Ogasawara Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Gulf of Aden and Islands, south to Western Australia at 21°38'S, Persian Gulf east to Philippines, north to southern Queensland (Australia) south to 16°35'S, and New Korea and southern Japan. Caledonia; introduced in Hawaiian Islands. IUCN: Least Concern (LC). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Persian Gulf material: AMNH 56116 (7), AMNH 56117 (1), AMNH 56118 (6), AMNH 56119 (2), Hilsa kelee (Cuvier, 1829) - Kelee shad AMNH 56120 (57), AMNH 56121 (38), AMNH Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf 56122 (2), AMNH 56123 (14), AMNH 56124 (10), by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Hilsa kanagurta; AMNH 56125 (2), BPBM 29442 (6), BPBM 30363 subsequently reported by Whitehead (1965), Mahdi (3), NMW 4345 (1), USNM 147936 (1), USNM & Georg (1969) as Macrura kelee, Kuronuma & Abe 147937 (5), ZMUC C4-5 (2). (1986), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Bishop (2003). Nematalosa persara Nelson & McCarthy, 1995 - Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East and South Persara gizzard shad Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to New Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf Guinea, north to southern China. in original description by Nelson & McCarthy IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). (1995); subsequently reported by Randall (1995a) and Carpenter et al. (1997b). Nematalosa arabica Regan, 1917 - Arabian gizzard Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian shad Gulf east to Pakistan. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). by Hussain et al. (1988). Persian Gulf material: AMNH 56108 (holotype), Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Gulf of AMNH 56109 (16 paratypes), AMNH 56110 (4), Aden to Gulf of Oman and Persian Gulf. AMNH 56111 (1), AMNH 56112 (1), AMNH 56113 IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). (9), AMNH 56114 (10), AMNH 56115 (12), BMNH 1982.9.6.128-130 (3), BPBM 30320 (6). Nematalosa nasus (Bloch, 1795) - Bloch's gizzard Remarks: Previously confused with Nematalosa shad (Govaf-e-reshtehdar, Persian) nasus Bloch 1795. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Dorosoma Nematalosa resticularia Nelson & McCarthy, 1995 - nasus; subsequently reported by Misra (1947), Gulf gizzard shad Bolster (1948) as Nematolosa nazous, Mahdi (1950), Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf Menon (1960), Khalaf (1961), Whitehead (1965), in original description by Nelson & McCarthy Mahdi & Georg (1969), Relyea (1981) as Dorosoma (1995); subsequently reported by Randall (1995a) nasus, Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b), Al- and Carpenter et al. (1997b). Hassan & Hussain (1985), Whitehead (1985), Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Somalia Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Al-Hassan (1987), and Gulf of Aden to Persian Gulf. Hussain et al. (1988, 1994), Abou-Seedo (1992), IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). 26 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Persian Gulf material: AMNH 56100 (holotype), Valenciennes 1847), Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim AMNH 56101 (19 paratypes), AMNH 56102 (34), (1982b) as Sardinella fimbriata (non Valenciennes AMNH 56103 (2), AMNH 56104 (7), AMNH 56105 1847), Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Sardinella (1), AMNH 56106 (39), AMNH 56107 (5), BPBM fimbriata (non Valenciennes 1847), Abou-Seedo 30412 (2), ZMUC uncat. (1). (1992) as Sardinella fimbriata (non Valenciennes Remarks: Previously confused with Nematalosa 1847), Bishop (2003) as Sardinella fimbriata (non nasus Bloch 1795. Valenciennes 1847), Richards et al. (2008) as Sardinella fimbriata (non Valenciennes 1847); Opisthopterus tardoore (Cuvier, 1829) - Tardoore subsequently reported by Whitehead (1985), Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Krupp & Müller (1994), by Mahdi & Georg (1969). Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to (2003) and Valinassab et al. (2013). western Indonesia. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: South and East IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Africa, Madagascar and Persian Gulf east to Philippines, north to Taiwan, south to northern Sardinella albella (Valenciennes, 1847) - White Western Australia; Lessepsian migrant into eastern sardinella (Oom, Arabic, Kuwait) Mediterranean (Stern et al. 2014). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Sardinella Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1962.10.20.1-41 (41), perforata; subsequently reported by Whitehead BMNH 2014.5.27.35-39 (5), ZMUC CN2-3 (2). (1965) as Sardinella bulan, Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Sardinella perforata, Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986) Sardinella longiceps Valenciennes, 1847 - Indian oil as Sardinella perforata, Relyea (1981) as Sardinella sardine (Sardin-e-roghani, Persian) perforata, Whitehead (1985), Hussain et al. (1988), Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop by Kuronuma & Abe (1986); subsequently reported (2003), Dehghani (2014) and Ziyadi et al. (2018). by Abou-Seedo (1992), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Bishop (2003), Taher et al. (2012) and Jabado et al. Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to New (2015a). Guinea, north to Taiwan, south to northern Australia. Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Somalia, Gulf of Aden and Persian Gulf east to India. Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1869.3.4.31-33 (3), IUCN: Least Concern (LC). UMPT 06 (4), UMPT 07 (2), UMPT 17 (1). Persian Gulf material: UMPT 10 (2).

Sardinella gibbosa (Bleeker, 1849) - Goldstripe Sardinella melanura (Cuvier, 1829) - Blacktip sardinella (Sardin-e-pahloo-talaii, Persian) sardinella (Sardin-e-dom-syah, Persian) Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b); also by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently reported by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969), Kuronuma & Sardinella fimbriata (non Valenciennes 1847), Abe (1986), Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Bishop Whitehead (1965) as Sardinella fimbriata (non (2003). Valenciennes 1847), Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Sardinella fimbriata (non Valenciennes 1847), Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar and Relyea (1981) as Sardinella fimbriata (non western Mascarenes east to northern Gilbert Islands 27 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

(Kiribati), Samoa and Tonga, north to southern Hilsa ilisha, Khalaf (1961) as Hilsa ilisha, Whitehead Japan, south to Dampier Archipelago (Western (1965) as Hilsa ilisha, Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Australia), Queensland (Australia) south to 23°03'S Hilsa ilisha, Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986) as Hilsa and New Caledonia. ilisha, Relyea (1981) as Hilsa ilisha, Whitehead IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). (1985), Hussain et al. (1988, 1994), Abou-Seedo (1992) as Hilsa ilisha, Randall (1995a), Carpenter et Sardinella sindensis (Day, 1878) - Sind sardinella al. (1997b), Nasir (2000), Bishop (2003), Al-Dubakel Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (2011), Nasir & Khalid (2013), Valinassab et al. by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently (2013) and Dehghani (2014). reported by Whitehead (1985), Kuronuma & Abe Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Madagascar and (1986), Abou-Seedo (1992), Randall (1995a), Persian Gulf east to South China Sea. Carpenter et al. (1997b), Zajonz et al. (2002), Bishop IUCN: Least Concern (LC). (2003) and Jawad & Sabighzadeh (2012). Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Gulf of Family Engraulidae Aden, Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman east to western Encrasicholina gloria Hata & Moromura 2016 - India. Glory IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf Persian Gulf material: UMPT 06 (2), UMPT 07 (6). in original description by Hata & Motomura (2016); previously reported by Whitehead et al. (1988) as Spratelloides delicatulus (Bennett, 1832) - Delicate Encrasicholina punctifer (non Fowler 1938), round herring Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Encrasicholina punctifer Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (non Fowler 1938), Bishop (2003) as Encrasicholina by Randall et al. (1994); subsequently reported by punctifer (non Fowler 1938) and Jawad & Carpenter et al. (1997b). Sabighzadeh (2012) as Encrasicholina punctifer (non Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Fowler 1938). South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: and western Mascarenes east to Hawaiian Islands and Persian Gulf; Lessepsian migrant into eastern Tuamotu Archipelago, north to southern Japan, south Mediterranean Sea. to Western Australia, Tasmania (Australia), and New IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Caledonia; Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea immigrant). Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1984.5.16.9-15 (5 IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). paratypes). Persian Gulf material: BPBM 30523 (4), USNM 147827 (4), USNM 148036 (12), USNM 148037 (1), Encrasicholina heteroloba (Rüppell, 1837) - USNM 148038 (3), USNM 148040 (25), USNM Shorthead anchovy 148041 (21), USNM 149042 (12), USNM 148043 Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (1), USNM 148044 (30), USNM 148045 (4). by Whitehead (1965) as Stolephorus heterolobus; Tenualosa ilisha (Hammilton, 1822) - Hilsa shad subsequently reported by Relyea (1981) as (Mahi Khor Kuchiku, Soboor, Sobur, Zabur, Zomur, Stolephorus heterolobus, Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Persian; Suboor, Arabic, Kuwait) Stolephorus heterolobus, Whitehead et al. (1988) as Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Encrasicholina devisi, Carpenter et al. (1997b) as by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Hilsa ilisha; E. heteroloba and E. devisi, Bishop (2003) as subsequently reported by Bolster (1948) as Hilsa Encrasicholina devisi and Richards et al. (2008). ilisha, Mahdi (1950) as Hilsa ilisha, Menon (1960) as Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East 28 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Africa, Persian Gulf and northern Madagascar east to Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Caroline Islands, Samoa and Tonga, north to by Randall (1995a); subsequently reported by southern Japan, south to Port Hedland (Western Carpenter et al. (1997b). Australia) and New Caledonia. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar and Persian Gulf material: USNM 147912 (11), ZMUC western Mascarenes east to Caroline Islands C4-8 (2). (Micronesia) and Mariana Islands, Samoa and Remarks: Amentum devisi Whitley 1940 is a junior Tonga, north to Ogasawara Islands, south to Western synonym. Australia, Queensland (Australia) at 16°30'S, and New Caledonia. Stolephorus indicus (Van Hasselt, 1823) - Indian IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). anchovy (Motoo hendi, Persian) Remarks: Authorship and date of species see Fricke Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (2008). by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently reported by Whitehead (1965), Mahdi & Georg Thryssa dussumieri (Valenciennes, 1848) - (1969), Relyea (1981), Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Dussumier's thryssa Whitehead et al. (1988), Krupp & Müller (1994) as Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Stolephorus commersoni (non Lacepède 1803), by Hussain et al. (1988) as Thryssa dussumeiri; Carpenter et al. (1997b), Nasir (2000) as Stolephorus subsequently reported by Carpenter et al. (1997b). commersonii (non Lacepède 1803) and Bishop Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to (2003). western Indonesia and South China Sea, north to Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Taiwan. South Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Caroline, Mariana and Society islands, north to South China Sea, southward to Dampier Archipelago Thryssa hamiltonii Gray, 1835 - Hamilton's thryssa (Western Australia), Queensland (Australia), New Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Caledonia and French Polynesia; Lessepsian migrant by Mahdi (1950) as Ergraulis hamiltonii; into eastern Mediterranean Sea. subsequently reported by Whitehead (1965), Mahdi IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). & Georg (1969) as Thrissocles hamiltonii, Nader & Persian Gulf material: ZMUC C2 (1). Jawdat (1977), Relyea (1981) as Thryssa hamiltoni, Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Thryssa hamiltoni, Stolephorus insularis Hardenberg, 1933 - Hussain et al. (1988, 1994) as Thryssa hamiltoni, Hardenberg's anchovy Whitehead et al. (1988), Abou-Seedo (1992), Randall Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Nasir (2000), by Carpenter et al. (1997b). Zajonz et al. (2002), Bishop (2003), Hoveizavi et al. Distribution: Probably Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: (2016), Jawad (2016b, 2017) and Ziyadi et al. (2018). Gulf of Aden, Gulf of Oman and Persian Gulf east to Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to western Indonesia and South China Sea, north to Philippines, north to Taiwan and Ogasawara Islands, Taiwan; Mediterranean Sea immigrant. south to northern Australia. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Persian Gulf material: BRC 147 (1), BRC 148 (1), Thryssa baelama (Bloch & Schneider [ex Forsskål] ZMUC C4 (1). 1801) - Baelama anchovy 29 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Thryssa mystax (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) - by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Engraulis Moustached thryssa (Boefchach, Arabic, Kuwait) vitrirostris; subsequently reported by Whitehead Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (1965), Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Thrissocles by Kuronuma & Abe (1972); subsequently reported vitrirostris, Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Whitehead et by Relyea (1981), Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Hussain al. (1988), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b) et al. (1988, 1994) and Nasir (2000). as Thryssa vetrirostris, Bishop (2003), Dehghani Distribution: Northern Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf (2014). east to western Indonesia. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: South and East IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Africa to Persian Gulf and Madagascar. Persian Gulf material: UMPT 18 (1), UMPT 20 (12). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Persian Gulf material: ZMUC C1-2, 5-14 (12). Thryssa purava (Hamilton, 1822) - Oblique-jaw thryssa Thryssa whiteheadi Wongratana, 1983 - Whitehead's Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf thryssa of Misra (1947) as Thrissocles purava; subsequently Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf reported by Bolster (1948) as Thrissoclea purava, in original description by Wongratana (1983); Mahdi (1950) as Thrissocles purava, Khalaf (1961) previously reported by Menon (1960) as Thrissocles as Thrissocles purava, Whitehead (1965), Mahdi & malabaricus (non Bloch 1795), Khalaf (1961) as Georg (1969) as Thrissocles purava, Kuronuma & Thrissocles malabaricus (non Bloch 1795), Mahdi & Abe (1986) as Thryssa purva and Richards et al. Georg (1969) as Thrissocles malabarica (non Bloch (2008). 1795); subsequently reported by Al-Hassan & Distribution: Northern Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf Hussain (1985) as Thryssa malabarica (non Bloch east to India. 1795), Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Thryssa IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). malabarica (non Bloch 1795), Whitehead et al. Persian Gulf material: ZMUC C3 (1). (1988), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003) and Richards et al. (2008) as Thryssa Thryssa setirostris (Broussonet 1782) - Longjaw malabarica (non Bloch 1795). thryssa Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Gulf endemic. by Nader & Jawdat (1977); subsequently reported by IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Relyea (1981). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East and South FamilyPristigasteridae Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Ilisha compressa Randall, 1994 - Compressed ilisha Philippines and Vanuatu, north to Taiwan, south to Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf North-West Cape (Western Australia) and in original description by Randall (1994a); Queensland (Australia). subsequently reported by Randall (1995a), Carpenter IUCN: Not evaluated (NE). et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003) and Nasir & Khalid Persian Gulf material. BRC 146. (2013). Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Thryssa vitrirostris (Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908) - Gulf endemic. Orangemouth anchovy (Kawa, Lache-e-dahan- IUCN: Least Concern (LC). naranji, Persian) Persian Gulf material: BPBM 33196 (holotype), Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf BMNH 1974.7.22.4 (1 paratype), BPBM 36412 (1 30 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

paratype), USNM 329752 (1 paratype). melastomata (non Bloch & Schneider 1801) and Dehghani (2014) as Ilisha melanostoma (non Bloch Ilisha megaloptera (Swainson, 1839) - Bigeye ilisha & Schneider 1801). (Sawayah, Arabic, Kuwait; Shamsak-e-bozorg, Distribution: Northern Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf Persian) east to India. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). by Al-Hassan & Hussain (1985); previously reported Persian Gulf material: UMPT 14 (1), ZMUC C1-8 by Kuronuma & Abe (1972) as Ilisha elongata (non (8). Anonymous [Bennett] 1830), Relyea (1981) as Ilisha elongata (non Anonymous [Bennett] 1830); Ilisha sirishai Seshagiri Rao, 1975 - Lobejaw ilisha subsequently reported by Kuronuma & Abe (1986) Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf as Ilisha melanoptera and I. elongata (non by Whitehead (1985); subsequently reported by Anonymous [Bennett] 1830), Hussain et al. (1988, Randall (1995a) and Carpenter et al. (1997b). 1994), Valinassab et al. (2013) and Hoveizavi et al. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf and (2016). Gulf of Oman east to western Indonesia and Gulf of Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf and Thailand. Gulf of Oman east to western Indonesia, north to IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). southern China. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Order CYPRINODONTIFORMES Family Cyprinodontidae Ilisha striatula Wongratana 1983 - Striped ilisha Aphanius stoliczkanus (Day 1872) – Common (Shamsak-e-koochak, Persian; Sawayah, Arabic, pupfish Kuwait) Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: New record from Persian by Freyhof et al. (2017); previously reported by Gulf; previously reported by Blegvad & Løppenthin Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Cyprinodon dispar (1944) as Ilisha indica (non Swainson 1839) and (non Rüpell 1829), Mahdi (1950) as Aphanius dispar Opisthopterus indicus (non Swainson 1839), (non Rüppell 1829), Menon (1960) as Aphanius Whitehead (1965) as Ilisha indica (non Swainson dispar (non Rüppell 1829), Khalaf (1961) as 1839), Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Euplatygaster Aphanius dispar (non Rüppell 1829), Mahdi & Georg indica (non Swainson 1839), Kuronuma & Abe (1969) as Aphanius dispar (non Rüppell 1829), (1972, 1986) as Ilisha indica (non Swainson 1839), Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986) as Aphanius dispar Relyea (1981) as Ilisha indica (non Swainson 1839), (non Rüppell 1829), Relyea (1981) as Aphanius Hussain et al. (1988) as Ilisha melanostoma (non dispar (non Rüppell 1829), Sivasubramaniam & Bloch & Schneider 1801), Abou-Seedo (1992) as Ibrahim (1982b) as Aphanius dispar (non Rüppell Ilisha melastoma (non Bloch & Schneider 1801), 1829), Krupp (1991) as Aphanius dispar (non Hussain et al. (1994) as Ilisha melanostoma (non Rüppell 1829), Krupp & Müller (1994) as Aphanius Bloch & Schneider 1801), Randall (1995a) as Ilisha dispar (non Rüppell 1829), Randall (1995a) as melanostoma (non Bloch & Schneider 1801), Aphanius dispar dispar (non Rüppell 1829), Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Ilisha melanostoma (non Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Aphanius dispar (non Bloch & Schneider 1801), Nasir (2000) as Ilisha Rüppell 1829), Zajonz et al. (2002) as Lebias dispar melanostoma (non Bloch & Schneider 1801), Bishop dispar (non Rüppell 1829), Bishop (2003) as (2003) as Ilisha melanostoma (non Bloch & Aphanius dispar (non Rüppell 1829) and Taher et al. Schneider 1801), Valinassab et al. (2013) as Ilisha (2012) as Aphanius dispar (non Rüppell 1829). 31 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Systematics and historical biogeography of the Status in Persian Gulf: New record from Persian Aphanius dispar species group is given by Teimori et Gulf; previously reported by Al-Hassan & Al-Badri al. (2018). (1986) as Bregmaceros macclellandi (non Thompson Distribution: Northern Indian Ocean: coastal areas 1840) and Hussain et al. (1988) as Bregmaceros Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman east to Gujarat, India. macclellandi (non Thompson 1840). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: Persian Persian Gulf material: USNM 147834 (10), USNM Gulf and Arabian Sea east to Papua New Guinea, 147949 (1), USNM 147950 (10), USNM 147951 north to southern Japan. (10), USNM 147952 (2). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE).

Order ELOPIFORMES Bregmaceros nectabanus Whitley, 1941 - Smallscale Family Elopidae codlet Elops machnata (Fabricius [ex Forsskål] in Niebuhr Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf 1775) - Tenpounder by Kuronuma & Abe (1986); subsequently reported Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Krupp (1991), Carpenter et al. (1997b) and by Mahdi & Georg (1969); subsequently reported by Richards et al. (2008). Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Distribution: Eastern Atlantic; Indo-West Pacific: Zajonz et al. (2002) and Richards et al. (2008). East and South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles and Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Madagascar east to Fiji, north to Ryukyu Islands, South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar south to Queensland (Australia). and western Mascarenes [extinct in Réunion] east to IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Philippines; possibly Hawaiian Islands. IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Bregmaceros rarisquamosus Munro, 1950 - Big-eye Remarks: Authorship of species name see Fricke unicorn- (2008). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Carpenter et al. (1997b); subsequently reported by Family Megalopidae Richards et al. (2008). Megalops cyprinoides (Broussonet, 1782) - Indo- Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf and Pacific tarpon Gulf of Oman east to Philippines and Papua New Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Guinea, south to northern Australia. by Carpenter et al. (1997b); subsequently reported by IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Zajonz et al. (2002). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Order GASTEROSTEIFORMES South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar Family Pegasidae and Mascarenes east to Mariana Islands, Tuamotu Pegasus volitans Linnaeus, 1758 - Longtail seamouth Archipelago and Marquesas Islands, north to Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf southern Korea, south to New South Wales by Basson et al. (1981) as Pegasus natans; (Australia), New Caledonia and Austral Islands. subsequently reported by Kuronuma & Abe (1986) IUCN: Data deficient (DD). as Parapegasus natans, Palsson & Pietsch (1989), Randall (1995a) and Carpenter et al. (1997b). Order Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Family Bregmacerotidae Madagascar and Persian Gulf east to Philippines and Bregmaceros arabicus D'Ancona & Cavinato, 1965 New Guinea, north to southern Japan, south to 32 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

northern Australia. (1987), Randall (1995a) as Antennarius nummifer, IUCN: Data deficient (DD). Carpenter et al. (1997a, 1997b) as Antennarius Persian Gulf material: BPBM 21114 (2), BPBM nummifer and Bishop (2003) as Antennarius 30321 (1), UMPT 14 (1), USNM 147848 (5), USNM nummifer. 195571 (1), WAM 25988-002 (1). Distribution: Eastern and central Atlantic: Azores, Remarks: Pegasus natans Linnaeus 1766 is a junior Madeira, Canary Islands, Saint Helena; Red Sea, synonym. Indo-West Pacific: East and South Africa, Persian Gulf, Comoros, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Order GONORYNCHIFORMES Hawaiian Islands and Society Islands, north to FamilyChanidae southern Japan, south to Rottnest Island (Western Chanos chanos (Fabricius [ex Forsskål] in Niebuhr Australia) and northern New Zealand. 1775) - Milkfish (Khameh Mahi, Persian) IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Remark: Previously named Antennarius nummifer by Mahdi & Georg (1969); subsequently reported by (Cuvier, 1817). Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b), Kuronuma & Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1898.12.24.103-112 Abe (1986), Krupp & Müller (1994), Carpenter et al. (22), FMNH 2487 (6). (1997b), Zajonz et al. (2002), Bishop (2003), Taher et al. (2012) and Coad (2015). Family Lophiidae Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-Pacific and adjacent Lophiomus setigerus (Vahl 1797) - Blackmouth river systems: East and South Africa, Persian Gulf, angler Seychelles, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Hawaiian Islands and Panama, north to southern by Jawad & Al-Badri (2014). Japan, south to Western Australia, New South Wales Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and (Australia) and Norfolk Island; Mediterranean Sea South Africa and Persian Gulf east to Marshall immigrant. Islands and Fiji, north to Sea of Japan, south to Shark IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Bay (Western Australia), New South Wales Persian Gulf material: CMNFI 1979-0142 (11). (Australia) and New Caledonia. Remarks: Authorship of species see Fricke (2008). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE).

Order LOPHIIFORMES Order OPHIDIIFORMES Family Antennariidae Family Bythitidae Antennarius indicus Schultz, 1964 - Indian frogfish Dinematichthys iluocoeteoides Bleeker, 1855 - Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Yellow pigmy brotula by Jawad & Hussain (2014). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: East Africa and by Carpenter et al. (1997b); subsequently reported by Persian Gulf east to India and Sri Lanka. Møller & Schwarzhans (2008). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Distribution: Southern Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Comoros, Antennatus nummifer (Cuvier, 1817) - Spotfin Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Samoa and frogfish Tonga, north to southern Japan and Ogasawara Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf islands and Taiwan, south to Western Australia and by Regan (1905) as Antennarius nummifer; Queensland (Australia). subsequently reported by Pietsch & Grobecker IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). 33 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Persian Gulf material: BPBM 30860 (1), BPBM Order PERCIFORMES 30861 (1). Remarks: There are cotraversial debates about the families and some of Perciformes and some of them Family Ophidiidae have been considered as distinct order (see Nelson et Brotula multibarbata Temminck & Schlegel, 1846 - al. 2016). Goatsbeard brotula Family Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Acanthurus sohal (Gmelin [ex Forsskål] 1789) - by Carpenter et al. (1997b). Sohal surgeonfish Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar by Basson et al. (1981), Relyea (1981); subsequently and Mascarenes east to Hawaiian Islands and Pitcairn reported by Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b) as Group, north to southern Japan and Ogasawara Acanthurus lineatus (non Linnaeus 1758), Kuronuma Islands, south to Western Australia, New Caledonia & Abe (1986) as Acanthurus sohal and A. lineatus and Lord Howe Island. (non Linnaeus 1758), Krupp & Müller (1994), IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997a, 1997b), Randall (2002), Bishop (2003), Buchanan et al. Neobythites gloriae Uiblein & Nielsen, 2018 (2015), Jawad (2017) and Torquato et al. (2017). Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: in original description by Uiblein & Nielsen (2018); Gulf of Aden, Gulf of Oman and Persian Gulf. previously reported by Nielsen (1995, 2002) as IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Neobythites steatiticus (non Alcock 1894). Persian Gulf material: USNM 226508 (1). Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Remarks: Authorship and date of species see Fricke Gulf and Gulf of Oman. (2008). IUCN: Not evaluated (NE). Persian Gulf material: BMHN 1910.1.31.23 (1 Acanthurus triostegus (Linnaeus, 1758) - Convict paratype). surgeonfish Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Neobythites sp. by Relyea (1981); subsequently reported by Status in Persian Gulf: Reported from Persian Gulf Kuronuma & Abe (1986) and Randall (2002). by Jawad et al. (2014b) as Neobythites steatiticus Distribution: Indo-Pacific: East Africa, Persian Gulf, (non Alcock 1894). Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar and Mascarenes Persian Gulf material: MRSCI 00012. east to Mexico and Panama (eastern Pacific), north to southern Japan and Ogasawara Islands, south to Lord Spottobrotula persica Nielsen, Schwarzhans & Howe Island, New Caledonia, Kermadec Islands, Uiblein 2014 - Persian brotula Rapa and Ducie (Pitcairn Group). Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf IUCN: Least Concern (LC). in original description by Schwarzhans et al. (2014). Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Socotra truncatus Randall & Clements 2001 - Island, Persian Gulf. Indian goldring bristletooth IUCN: Not evaluated (NE). Status in Persian Gulf: New record from Persian Persian Gulf material: ZMUC P771720 (holotype), Gulf; previously reported by Nader & Jawdat (1977) ISRCB (2 paratypes). as Ctenochaetus strigosus (non Bennett 1828) and Relyea (1981) as Ctenochaetus striatus (non Quoy & 34 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Gaimard 1825). Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: East and South Distribution: Indian Ocean: East and South Africa, Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar, Réunion and Persian Gulf, Channel, Aldabra, Mauritius (western Mascarenes) east to western Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Andaman Sea India. and Indonesia, Christmas Island and Cocos Keeling IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Islands. IUCN: Least concern (LC). Family Apogonidae Persian Gulf material: BRC 167 (1). Apogon coccineus Rüppell, 1838 - Ruby cardinalfish Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Zebrasoma xanthurum (Blyth, 1852) - Yellowtail by Krupp & Müller (1994); subsequently reported by tang Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997a, 1997b), Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Greenfield (2001), Bishop (2003) and Gon & Randall by Klausewitz (1969); subsequently reported by (2003). Kuronuma & Abe (1972) as Zebrasoma xanthurus, Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: Basson et al. (1981) as Zebrasoma xanthurus, Relyea Gulf of Oman, Persian Gulf. (1981), Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b) as IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Zebrasoma xanthurus, Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Persian Gulf material: BPBM 21296 (6), USNM Smith & Saleh (1987), Krupp & Müller (1994), 266550 (3). Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Randall (2002), Bishop (2003), Al-Badri & Jawad (2014), Apogonichthyoides pharaonis (Bellotti, 1874) - Buchanan et al. (2015) and Jawad (2017). Bullseye (Dahanlaneh-e-Khaldar, Persian) Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Gulf of Aden, Gulf of Oman and Persian Gulf to by Gon (2000) as Apogon pharaonis; previously Maldives and Sri Lanka. reported by by Regan (1905) as Apogon nigripinnis IUCN: Least Concern (LC). (non Cuvier, 1828), Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Persian Gulf material: USNM 380692 (2). Apogon thurstoni, Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Apogon thurstoni, Nader & Jawdat (1977) as Apogon Family thurstoni, Relyea (1981) as Apogonichthyoides Acropoma splendens (Lloyd, 1909) - Indian nigripinnis (non Cuvier 1828), Kuronuma & Abe glowbelly (1986) as Apogon nigripinnis group (non Cuvier Status in Persian Gulf: New record of this taxon from 1828) and Apogon thurstoni, Abou-Seedo (1992) as Persian Gulf; previously reported by Carpenter et al. Apogon pharaonis, Randall (1995a) as Apogon (1997b) as (non Günther 1859) nigripinnis (non Cuvier, 1828), Carpenter et al. and by Okamoto & Golani (2017) as Acropoma (1997b) as Apogon nigripinnis (non Cuvier, 1828; lacrima. subsequently reported by Gon & Randall (2003) as Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Oman and Apogon pharaonis. Persian Gulf east to western India. Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: East IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Africa and Persian Gulf east to India; Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea immigrant). Family Ambassidae IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Ambassis ambassis (Lacepède, 1802) - Bald glassy Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1899.5.8.23 (1), BRC Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf 155 (1), MCZ 59291 (1), UMPT 13 (2), UMPT 14 by Zajonz et al. (2002) as Ambassis . (2), UMPT 16 (1), UMPT 19 (10), UMPT 20 (2), 35 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

USNM 149680 (1), USNM 196482 (1). Cheliodipterus macrodon (Lacepède, 1802) - Large toothed cardinalfish Apogonichthyoides pseudotaeniatus (Gon, 1986) - Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Doublebar cardinalfish by Randall (1995a); subsequently reported by Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Carpenter et al. (1997b). by Randall (1995a) as Apogon pseudotaeniatus; Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East subsequently reported by Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and Mascarenes Apogon pseudotaeniatus and Gon & Randall (2003) east to Marshall Islands and Pitcairn Group, north to as Apogon pseudotaeniatus. southern Japan, south to Western Australia, New Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: South Wales (Australia), Lord Howe Island, Tonga Persian Gulf east to Pakistan. and Rapa. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE).

Apogonichthyoides taeniatus (Cuvier, 1828) - Cheliodipterus novemstriatus (Rüppell, 1838) - Twobelt cardinal Indian Ocean twospot cardinalfish Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf by Regan (1905) as Apogon bifasciatus; in original description of Paramia bipunctata by subsequently reported by Gon (1986b) as Apogon Lachner (1951); subsequently reported by Kuronuma taeniatus, Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Apogon & Abe (1986) as Cheilodipterus bipunctatus, Gon taeniatus, Smith & Saleh (1987) as Apogon taeniatus, (1993), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Krupp & Müller (1994) as Apogon taeniatus, Randall Gon & Randall (2003). (1995a) as Apogon taeniatus, Carpenter et al. (1997a, Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: 1997b) as Apogon taeniatus and Bishop (2003) as Gulf of Aden east to Persian Gulf. Apogon taeniatus. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: East Persian Gulf material: UMPT 09 (33), USNM Africa, Gulf of Oman and Persian Gulf to 147944 (holotype of Paramia bipunctata Lachner Madagascar; Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea 1951), BPBM 30446 (5), USNM 112039 (2 immigrant). paratypes of Paramia bipunctata Lachner 1951). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Persian Gulf material: SMNS 14425 (1), USNM Cheilodipterus persicus Gon, 1993 - Persian 147939 (2), USNM 196479 (2), USNM 266553 (1). cardinalfish Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Apogonichthyoides uninotatus (Smith & Radcliffe, in original description by Gon (1993); previously 1912) - Onespot cardinalfish reported by Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Cheilodipterus arabicus (non Gmelin 1789), Smith & by Kuronuma & Abe (1972) as Apogon uninotatus; Saleh (1987) as Cheilodipterus arabicus (non Gmelin subsequently reported by Basson et al. (1981) as 1789); subsequently reported by Krupp & Müller Apogon uninotatus, Wright (1988), Abou-Seedo (1994) as Cheilodipterus arabicus (non Gmelin (1992) as Apogon uninotatus and Edwin (2012). 1789), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997a, Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf eaat to 1997b) and Bishop (2003). Philippines. Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Gulf endemic. Persian Gulf material: USNM 196481 (3). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). 36 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Persian Gulf material: BPBM 34755 (holotype), Marshall Islands, Line Islands and Society Islands, BPBM 21256 (3 paratypes), BPBM 29505 (3 north to Ryukyu Islands, south to Western Australia, paratypes), SMF 19803 (4 paratypes), USNM Queensland (Australia), and Tonga. 147942 (8 paratypes), WAM P.25979-001 (3 IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). paratypes), WAM P.26463-005 (1 paratype). Persian Gulf material: BPBM 33297 (1). Remark: Fowleria abocellata (Goren & Karplus, Cheilodipterus quinquelineatus Cuvier, 1828 - Five- 1980) is a junior synonym. lined cardinalfish Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Jaydia queketti (Gilchrist, 1903) - Spotfin cardinal by Relyea (1981); subsequently reported by Smith & Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Saleh (1987), Krupp & Müller (1994), Gon & by Randall (1995a) as Apogon queketti; Randall (2003) and Edwin (2012). subsequently reported by Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Apogon queketti, Gon (1997) as Apogon (Jaydia) Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and Mascarenes queketti and Gon & Randall (2003) as Apogon east to Marshall Islands and Pitcairn Group, north to queketti. southern Japan, south to Western Australia, Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: South Queensland (Australia), Lord Howe Island and Rapa. and East Africa and Persian Gulf east to western IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). India; Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea immigrant). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Fowleria variegata (Valenciennes, 1832) - Persian Gulf material: MCZ 88945 (2). Variegated cardinalfish Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Jaydia striata (Smith & Radcliffe 1912) by Randall (1995a); subsequently reported by Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Gon & Randall (2003). by Gon (1997) as Apogon (Jaydia) striatus. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to Africa, Persian Gulf, Aldabra, Madagascar and Philippines, north to Taiwan. Mauritius (Mascarenes) east to Philippines, Tonga Persian Gulf material: MCZ 88942 (17). and Samoa, north to southern Japan, south to Western Australia, New South Wales (Australia) and New Jaydia truncata (Bleeker, 1855) - Flagfin cardinalfish Caledonia. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). by Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Apogon ellioti; Persian Gulf material: USNM 266552 (2). subsequently reported by Randall (1995a) as Apogon truncatus, Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Apogon Fowleria vaiulae (Jordan & Seale, 1906) - Mottled truncates and Gon (1997) as Apogon (Jaydia) cardinalfish truncatus. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to by Wright (1988); subsequently reported by Randall Philippines and New Guinea, north to southern et al. (1994) as Fowleria abocellata, Randall (1995a) Japan, south to northern Australia. as Fowleria abocellata, Carpenter et al. (1997b) as IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Fowleria abocellata, Gon & Randall (2003) and Persian Gulf material: BPBM 30324 (1), BPBM Edwin (2012). 33232 (1), MCZ 88941 (1), MCZ 88944 (2), UMPT Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: Persian 11 (6), UMPT 20 (3). Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Remarks. Apogon ellioti Day, 1875 is a junior 37 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

synonym. (1995a) as Apogon fasciatus, Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Apogon fasciatus, Bishop (2003) as Apogon cookii (Macleay, 1881) - Cook's fasciatus and Fraser (2005) as Apogon fasciatus. cardinalfish Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar and by Randall et al. (1994) as Apogon cookii; previously Réunion (Mascarenes) south to Mozambique, east to reported by Relyea (1981) as Lovamia novemfasciata Philippines and New Guinea, north to southern (non Cuvier 1828), Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Japan, south to northern Australia; Mediterranean Apogon novemfasciatus (non Cuvier 1828); Sea (Red Sea immigrant). subsequently reported by Carpenter et al. (1997b) as IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Apogon cookii. Persian Gulf material: SMF 26066 (8), SMF 26071 Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East (5), UMPT 11 (1), USNM 357472 (1), USNM Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and Réunion 357478 (11), USNM 357478 (11), USNM 357471 (Mascarenes) east to Philippines, north to southern (2), ZMUC CN4 (1), ZMUC CN5 (1), ZMUC CN6- Japan, south to Queensland (Australia) and New 7 (2), ZMUC CN 8 (1), ZMUC CN 9-10 (2). Caledonia. Remark: Apogon quadrifasciatus Cuvier 1828 is a IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). junior synonym. Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1975.4.5.33 (1). Ostorhinchus fleurieu Lacepède, 1802 - Flower Ostorhinchus cyanosoma (Bleeker, 1853) - cardinalfish Yellowstriped cardinalfish Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Randall et al. (1990) as Apogon fleurieu; by Krupp & Müller (1994) as Apogon cyanosoma; subsequently reported by Randall (1995a) as Apogon subsequently reported by Randall (1995a) as Apogon fleurieu, Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Apogon fleurieu cyanosoma, Carpenter et al. (1997a, b) as Apogon and Gon & Randall (2003) as Apogon fleurieu. cyanosoma and Bishop (2003) as Apogon Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East cyanosoma. Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar to Philippines Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and New Guinea, north to and Taiwan, Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar and south to Solomon Islands. Mauritius (Mascarenes) east to Wake Atoll and IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Marshall Islands, Fiji and Tonga, north to southern Japan, south to Western Australia, Queensland Ostorhinchus gularis (Fraser & Lachner, 1984) - (Australia) and New Caledonia. Gular cardinalfish IUCN: Not Evaluated. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Allen & Randall (1994) as Apogon smithvanizi; Ostorhinchus fasciatus (White, 1790) - Broadbanded subsequently reported by Gon & Randall (2003) as cardinalfish (Dahanlaneh-e-donavari, Persian) Apogon gularis. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Distribution: Southern Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: by Regan (1905) as Apogon quadrifasciatus; Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman east to Andaman Sea subsequently reported by Kuronuma & Abe (1972) and the Philippines. as Apogon quadrifasciatus, Relyea (1981) as Apogon IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). quadrifasciatus, Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Apogon Persian Gulf material: WAM P.25988-001 (holotype quadrifasciatus; subsequently reported by Randall of Apogon smithvanizi Allen & Randall 1994), 38 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

BPBM 36421 (2 paratypes of Apogon smithvanizi Taeniamia fucata (Cantor, 1849) - Orangelined Allen & Randall 1994); USNM 331174 (1 paratype cardinalfish of Apogon smithvanizi Allen & Randall 1994). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Remark: Apogon smithvanizi Allen & Randall 1994 by Krupp & Müller (1994) as Archamia fucata; is a junior synonym. previously reported by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) Persian Gulf material: UMPT 12 (5). as Apogon lineolatus (non Cuvier 1828); subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Pristiapogon fraenatus (Valenciennes, 1832) - Archamia lineolata, Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Bridled cardinalfish Apogon lineolatus (non Cuvier 1828); subsequently Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf reported by Randall (1995a) as Archamia fucata, by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Apogon Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Archamia fucata, Krupp fraenatus; subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg et al. (2000) as Archamia fucata and Gon & Randall (1969) as Apogon fraenatus, Relyea (1981), (2003) as Archamia fucata. Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Apogon frenatus, Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Randall et al. (1994) and Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar, Mascarenes and Apogon fraenatus. Seychelles east to Marshall Islands, Samoa and Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Tonga, north to Izu Islands (Japan), southern Japan South Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and and Ogasawara Islands, south to Western Australia, Mascarenes east to Line and Gambier islands, north Queensland (Australia) and New Caledonia. to Ryukyu Islands (southern Japan), south to Western IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Australia, New South Wales (Australia), New Persian Gulf material: BPBM 33276 (3), SMF 29127 Caledonia and Austral Islands. (2), SMF 29228 (4), SNMNH F62 (7). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Ostorhinchus aureus (Lacepède, 1802) - Ring-tailed Pseudamia tarri Randall, Lachner & Fraser, 1985 - cardinalfish Tarr's cardinalfish Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf by Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Apogon aureus. in original description by Randall et al. (1985); Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Persian subsequently reported by Carpenter et al. (1997b). Gulf, Madagascar and western Mascarenes east to Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf, Society Islands, north to southern Japan, south to Seychelles. Western Australia, New South Wales (Australia), IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). New Caledonia and Tonga. Persian Gulf material: BPBM 30447 (holotype). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE).

Siphamia arabica Gon & Allen 2012 - Arabian Verulux cypselurus (Weber, 1909) - Swallowtail cardinalfish cardinalfish Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf in original description by Gon & Allen (2012). by Randall et al. (1994) as Rhabdamia cypselura; Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian subsequently reported by Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Gulf and Oman. Rhabdamia cypselura and Edwin (2012). IUCN: Not evaluated (NE). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Persian Gulf material: WAM P.26460-006 Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Marshall (holotype). Islands, Fiji and Tonga, north to Japan, south to 39 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Western Australia and New Caledonia. IUCN: Least Concern (LC). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Persian Gulf material: BPBM 30206 (2), BPBM Persian Gulf material: BPBM 34457 (7). 30854 (10), BPBM 34470 (4), USNM 274716 (4), USNM 279342 (1). Family Ariommatidae Ariomma indicum (Day, 1871) - Indian driftfish Antennablennius bifilum (Günther, 1861) - Horned Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf rockskipper of Regan (1905) as Psenes indicus; subsequently Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf reported by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Psenes by Regan (1905) as Blennius persicus; subsequently indicus, Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Psenes indicus, reported by Fraser-Brunner (1951) as Nellen (1973) as Ariomma indica, Sivasubramaniam Antennablennius persicus, Mahdi & Georg (1969) as & Ibrahim (1982a, b) as Ariomma indicia, Kuronuma Blennius persicus, Relyea (1981) as Antennablennius & Abe (1986) as Ariomma indica, Randall (1995a) persicus, Bath (1983), Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as as Ariomma indica and Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Blennius persicus, Springer (1986), Randall (1995a) Ariomma indica. and Carpenter et al. (1997b). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: South and East Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: East and South Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Africa, Persian Gulf, Mozambique Channel, Aldabra, Philippines, south to Australia, north to southern Comoros, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to India. Japan. IUCN: Least Concern (LC). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1900.7.25.42 (lectotype of Blennius persicus Regan 1905, as Family Blenniidae selected by Bath 1983), BMNH 1900.7.25.43-44 (2 Remarks: A record of Istiblennius spilotus Springer paralectotypes of Blennius persicus Regan 1905). & Williams 1994 based on material questionably Remarks: Blennius persicus Regan 1905 is a junior originating from the entrance of the Persian Gulf synonym. needs confirmation (Springer & Williams 1994). Alticus kirkii (Günther, 1868) - Kirk's blenny Antennablennius hypenetes (Klunzinger, 1871) - Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Arabian blenny by Randall (1995a); subsequently reported by Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Carpenter et al. (1997b). by Bath (1983); subsequently reported by Randall et Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: East Africa, al. (1994), Randall (1995a) and Carpenter et al. Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to western India. (1997b). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf material: USNM 284815 (4). Gulf of Aden, Gulf of Oman and Persian Gulf. IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Antennablennius adenensis Fraser-Brunner, 1951 - Persian Gulf material: BPBM 30207 (1), USNM Aden blenny 217351 (1). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Randall et al. (1994); subsequently reported by Antennablennius simonyi (Steindachner, 1902) - Randall et al. (1994), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et Simony's blenny al. (1997a, b) and Bishop (2003). Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: in original description of Antennablennius girad by Gulf of Aden and Persian Gulf east to Pakistan. Fraser-Brunner (1951); subsequently reported by 40 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Bath (1983), Randall (1995a) and Carpenter et al. Distribution: Southern Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: (1997b). East Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Gulf of and Saint Brandon's east to Philippines and Aden and Gulf of Oman to Persian Gulf. Solomon Islands, north to southern Japan, south to IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Western Australia and New Caledonia. Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1932.2.18.41 IUCN: Least Concern (LC). (holotype of Antennablennius girad Fraser-Brunner Persian Gulf material: BPBM 30281 (1). 1951), BMNH 1932.2.18.42 (1 paratype of Antennablennius girad Fraser-Brunner 1951). pulcher (Murray, 1887) - Gulf Blenny Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Antennablennius variopunctatus (Jatzow & Lenz, by Regan (1905) as Salarias anomalus; subsequently 1898) - Orangedotted blenny reported by Springer (1971, 1972, 1988), Relyea Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (1981), Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Smith & Saleh by Randall et al. (1994); subsequently reported by (1987), Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall (1995a), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997a, b) and Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), Bishop (2003) and Bishop (2003). Attaran-Farimani et al. (2016). Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: East Africa, Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman east to Pakistan. Gulf and Gulf of Oman east to Pakistan. IUCN: Least Concern (LC). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1994.1.18.1-6 (6), Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1900.5.9.47 (lectotype BPBM 33116 (1), USNM 196518 (1), USNM of Salarias anomalus Regan 1905, as selected by 279343 (6). Attaran-Farimani et al. 2016: 174), BMNH 1900.5.9.48-56 (15 paralectotypes of Salarias Blenniella periophthalmus (Valenciennes, 1836) - anomalus Regan 1905), USNM 196505 (2), USNM Blue-dashed rockskipper 196506 (1), USNM 201571 (1), USNM 201572 (1 Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf c&s), USNM 265625 (1). by Randall et al. (1994) as Istiblennius Remarks: Salarias anomalus Regan 1905 is a junior periophthalmus; subsequently reported by Randall synonym. (1995a) and Carpenter et al. (1997b). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Persian Hirculops cornifer (Rüppell, 1830) - Highbrow Gulf, Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar and rockskipper Mascarenes east to Hawaiian Islands, Marquesas Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Islands and Gambier Islands, north to Ryukyu by Randall et al. (1994); subsequently reported by Islands, south to Western Australia, New Caledonia Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Edwin and Austral Islands. (2012). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Distribution: Red Sea, Western Indian Ocean: East Persian Gulf material: BPBM 34473 (5). and South Africa and Persian Gulf to Madagascar. IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Cirripectes filamentosus (Alleyne & Macleay, 1877) Persian Gulf material: BPBM 30853 (1). - Filamentous blenny Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Istiblennius edentulus (Forster & Schneider 1801) - by Williams (1988); subsequently reported by Rippled rockskipper Randall (1995a) and Carpenter et al. (1997b). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf 41 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

by Springer & Williams (1994); previously reported by Zogaris et al. (2015). by Regan (1905) as Salarias dussumieri (non Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: central Valenciennes 1836) and Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Oman to Persian Gulf. Salarias dussumieri (non Valenciennes 1836). IUCN: Vulnerable (VU). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and South Africa, Persian Gulf, Mozambique Channel, Omobranchus fasciolatus (Valenciennes, 1836) - Seychelles, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Arab blenny Wake Atoll and Pitcairn, north to southern Japan and Status in Persian Gulf: Fist record from Persian Gulf Ogasawara Islands, south to Western Australia, New by Springer & Gomon (1975); subsequently reported South Wales (Australia), Lord Howe Island and by Relyea (1981), Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Springer Rapa. (1986), Krupp & Müller (1994) as Omobranchus IUCN: Least Concern (LC). fasciatus, Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Bishop (2003). Istiblennius pox Spinger & Williams, 1994 - Scarface Distribution: Red Sea, Western Indian Ocean: East rockskipper Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and Réunion Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (western Mascarenes) east to Pakistan. by Springer & Williams (1994); previously reported IUCN: Least Concern (LC). by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Salarias lineatus Persian Gulf material: USNM 147980 (5), USNM (non Valenciennes 1836), Mahdi & Georg (1969) as 147984 (9). Istiblennius lineatus (non Valenciennes 1836), Relyea (1981) as Istiblennius lineatus (non Omobranchus mekranensis (Regan, 1905) - Mekran Valenciennes 1836), Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as blenny Salarias lineatus (non Valenciennes 1836), Randall Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (1995a) and Carpenter et al. (1997b). by Springer & Gomon (1975); subsequently reported Distribution: Southern Red Sea, northwestern Indian by Relyea (1981), Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Randall Ocean: Somalia, Gulf of Aden, Gulf of Oman and (1995a) and Carpenter et al. (1997b). Persian Gulf east to Pakistan. Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Gulf and Gulf of Oman east to Pakistan and Laccadive Islands. Mimoblennius cirrosus Smith-Vaniz & Springer, IUCN: Vulnerable (VU). 1971 - Fringed blenny Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1900.7.25.41 (1). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Randall et al. (1994); subsequently reported by Omobranchus punctatus (Valenciennes, 1836) - Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997a, b) and Muzzled blenny Bishop (2003). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: by Regan (1905) as Salarias sindensis; subsequently Gulf of Aden to Persian Gulf. reported by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Petroscirtes punctatus, Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Persian Gulf material: BPBM 30448 (9), BPBM Petroscirtes punctatus, Springer & Gomon (1975), 30855 (4), BPBM 33278 (2), USNM 274717 (1). Relyea (1981), Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Springer (1986), Ismail & Clayton (1990), Randall (1995a), Oman ypsilon Springer, 1985 - Oman blenny Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Bishop (2003). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and 42 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

South Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop Philippines and Fiji, north to southern Japan, south to (2003) and Edwin (2012) as as Petroscirtes variabilis Exmouth Gulf (Western Australia) and southern (non Cantor 1849). Queensland (Australia); Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: immigrant); introduced in western Atlantic from Persian Gulf; Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea Caribbean Sea to Brazil. immigrant). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Persian Gulf material: ZMUC CN6-7 (2). Persian Gulf material: USNM 147973 (20), USNM 147973 (92), USNM 147974 (6), USNM 147975 (2), Parablennius opercularis (Murray, 1887) - Cheekspot USNM 196489 (4), USNM 196490 (4), USNM blenny 217353 (1). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Regan (1905) as Salarias opercularis; Petroscirtes mitratus Rüppell, 1830 - Floral blenny subsequently reported by Kuronuma & Abe (1986) Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf as Pictiblennius opercularis, Bath (1989), Krupp & by Regan (1905) as Petroscirtes barbatus; Müller (1994), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. subsequently reported by Smith-Vaniz (1975), (1997a, 1997b) and Bishop (2003). Relyea (1981), Kuronuma & Abe (1986) and Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Carpenter et al. (1997b). Gulf and Oman east to Pakistan. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Africa, Persian Gulf, Comoros, Madagascar and Persian Gulf material: ANSP 132679 (1), BPBM Mascarenes east to Samoa and Tonga, north to 30209 (3), USNM 147983 (1), USNM 217341 (4). southern Japan, south to Western Australia, Queensland (Australia), and New Caledonia. Parablennius thysanius (Jordan & Seale, 1907) - IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Tasseled blenny Persian Gulf material: USNM 147978 (31), USNM Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf 147979 (1). by Randall (1995a); subsequently reported by Carpenter et al. (1997b). Salarias fasciatus (Bloch, 1786) Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf and Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Oman east to Philippines, north to Thailand; by Regan (1905); subsequently reported by introduced in Hawaiian Islands. Kuronuma & Abe (1986). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Persian Gulf, Mozambique Channel, Petroscirtes ancylodon Rüppell, 1835 - Arabian Seychelles, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to fangblenny Marshall Islands and Samoa, north to Ryukyu Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Islands, south to Western Australia, New Caledonia by Smith-Vaniz (1976); previously reported by and Tonga. Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Petroscirtes IUCN: Least Concern (LC). variabilis (non Cantor 1849), Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Petroscirtes variabilis (non Cantor 1849); setifer Swainson, 1839 - Hairtail blenny subsequently reported by Relyea (1981), Kuronuma Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf & Abe (1986) as Dasson variabilis (non Cantor by Smith-Vaniz (1976); subsequently reported by 1849), Smith-Vaniz (1987), Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall (1995a) and Carpenter et al. (1997b). 43 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and (1 paratype), BPBM 21197 (2 paratypes), BPBM South Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and western 29430 (4 paratypes), BPBM 30688 (1 paratype), Mascarenes east to Vanuatu, north to southern Japan, BPBM 30693 (9 paratypes), BPBM 30817 (2 south to Exmouth Gulf (Western Australia), New paratypes), CAS 57406 (1 paratype), MNHN 1985- South Wales (Australia), Lord Howe Island and New 0877 (1 paratype), USNM 264359 (2 paratypes), Caledonia. USNM 279171 (2), WAM P.25980-001 (1 paratype), IUCN: Least Concern (LC). WAM P.25986-002 (1 paratype), WAM P.25997- Persian Gulf material: USNM 265623 (1), USNM 001 (4 paratypes). 265626 (1), USNM 326052 (1), ZMH uncat. (2). Family Callionymidae Family carebares Alcock, 1890 - Indian lunaris Cuvier, 1830 - Lunar fusilier deepwater Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Carpenter (1987); previously reported by Basson by Randall (1995a). et al. (1981) as sp.; subsequently reported Distribution: Indian Ocean: East Africa, Gulf of by Carpenter (1988), Krupp & Müller (1994), Aden and Persian Gulf east to Andaman Sea (western Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997a, b) and Thailand). Bishop (2003). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Persian Gulf, Mozambique Channel, Callionymus erythraeus Ninni, 1934 - Smallhead Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar and Mascarenes dragonet east to Marshall Islands and Fiji, north to southern Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Japan, south to off northwestern Australia and New by Fricke (1980); previously reported by Blegvad & Caledonia. Løppenthin (1944) as Callionymus longicaudatus IUCN: Least Concern (LC). (non Temminck & Schlegel 1845), Mahdi & Georg Persian Gulf material: BPBM 29429 (3), BPBM (1969) as Callionymus longicaudatus (non 30692 (2), BPBM 30767 (7). Temminck & Schlegel 1845), Randall (1995a) and Carpenter et al. (1997b). Caesio varilineata Carpenter, 1987 - Variable-lined Distribution: Southern Red Sea, northern Indian fusilier Ocean: Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman east to Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf Singapore. in original description by Carpenter (1987); IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). previously reported by Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1911.2.23.25-28 (4), (1982b) as Caesio caerulaureus (non Lacepède BMNH 1911.2.23.32 (1), SMNS 8502 (1), SMNS 1801); subsequently reported by Carpenter (1988), 8516 (1), SMNS 8540 (1), SMNS 8563 (1), SMNS Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall (1995a), Carpenter 9060 (3), SMNS 9061 (1), USNM 231407 (1). et al. (1997a, 1997b) and Bishop (2003). Distribution: Red Sea, Indian Ocean: East and South Callionymus filamentosus Valenciennes, 1837- Africa and Persian Gulf east to western Sumatra and Blotchfin dragonet Java (Indonesia). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). by Fricke (1983); subsequently reported by Persian Gulf material: BPBM 30816 (holotype), Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Randall (1995a), AMS I.25457-001 (1 paratype), BMNH 1985.9.17.1 Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Bishop (2003). 44 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Pallas 1770), Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Callionymus Africa, Seychelles and Persian Gulf east to sagitta (non Pallas 1770), Kuronuma & Abe (1972) Philippines and New Guinea, north to southern as Callionymus sagitta (non Pallas 1770), Randall Taiwan, south to Western Australia and Vanuatu; (1995a) and Carpenter et al. (1997b). Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea immigrant). Distribution: Antiequatorial in western Indian IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Ocean: Gulf of Aden to Persian Gulf and India; False Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1904.5.25.206 (1), Bay (South Africa) to Mozambique and Madagascar. GCRL 4984 (2), SMNS 8503 (2), SMNS 8504 (1), IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). SMNS 8567 (3), UMPT 06 (1), UMPT 07 (1), UMPT Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1911.2.23.29 (1), 10 (1), UMPT 13 (1), USNM 147961 (2). BMNH 1979.1.10.1 (1), SMNS 8495 (2), SMNS 9100 (1), USNM 147962 (2), WAM P.25977-008 Callionymus hindsii Richardson, 1844 - Hinds' (2). dragonet Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Callionymus persicus Regan, 1905 - Persian by Fricke (1983); previously reported by Kuronuma dragonet & Abe (1972) as Callionymus sagitta (non Pallas Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf 1770); subsequently reported by Randall (1995a) and in original description by Regan (1905); Carpenter et al. (1997b). subsequently reported by Blegvad & Løppenthin Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf and (1944), Mahdi & Georg (1969), Kuronuma & Abe Oman east to and South China Sea, north to (1986) as Callionymus japonicus (non Houttuyn Taiwan. 1782) and C. persicus, Randall (1995a) and IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Carpenter et al. (1997b). Persian Gulf material: SMNS 8494 (1), SMNS 9499 Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: Gulf of Aden, (39), SMNS 8545 (20), SMNS 8555 (16), SMNS Oman and Persian Gulf to Comoros, Seychelles and 8557 (18), SMNS 8558 (9), SMNS 9064 (3), SMNS Maldives. 9065 (1). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE).

Callionymus margaretae Regan, 1905 - Margaret's Diplogrammus pygmaeus Fricke, 1981 - Pygmy dragonet dragonet Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Fricke (1980); subsequently reported by Randall by Randall et al. (1994); subsequently reported by (1995a) and Carpenter et al. (1997b). Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Fricke Distribution: Northern Indian Ocean: Somalia, Oman et al. (2014). and Persian Gulf east to Andaman Sea (western Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: southern Thailand). Oman, Gulf of Oman and Persian Gulf. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1911.2.23.31 (1). Persian Gulf material: BPBM 30931 (2), SMNS 8471 (1). Callionymus marleyi Regan, 1919 - Sand dragonet (Terr, Arabic, Kuwait) Family Carangidae Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Alectis ciliaris (Bloch, 1787) - African by Fricke (1983); previously reported by Blegvad & Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Løppenthin (1944) as Callionymus sagitta (non by Randall (1995a); subsequently reported by 45 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Torquato et al. (2017). UMPT 13 (1). Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical seas. Remarks: Authorship of species see Fricke (2008). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). kleinii (Bloch, 1793) - Razorbelly scad (Gish- e-riz, Persian; Hamam, Arabic, Kuwait) Alectis indica (Rüppell, 1830) - Indian threadfish Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (Moghavva goozh-posht, Persian; Othaimy, Arabic, by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as kalla; Kuwait) subsqeuently reported by Mahdi (1950) as Caranx Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf kalla, Menon (1960) as Atule kalla, Khalaf (1961) as by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently Caranx kalla, Mahdi & Georg (1969) as kalla, reported by Mahdi (1950), Menon (1960) as Alectis Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986) as Caranx kalla, indicus, Khalaf (1961), Mahdi & Georg (1969), Basson et al. (1981) as Atule kalla, Relyea (1981) as Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986), Relyea (1981) as Caranx kalla, Hussain et al. (1988) as Caranx para, Alectis indicus, Abou-Seedo (1992) as Alectis Abou-Seedo (1992) as Caranx kalla and Bishop indicus, Randall (1995a) as Alectis indicus, (2003). Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Alectis indicus and Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to Bishop (2003) as Alectis indicus. Philippines and New Guinea, south to Kumberleys Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and (Western Australia) and Queensland (Australia). South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar IUCN: Least Concern (LC). and western Mascarenes east to Tuamotu Persian Gulf material: BMNH 2014.5.27.4-6 (3), Archipelago, north to southern Japan, south to SMNS 14420 (4). Western Australia and New South Wales (Australia). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Alepes melanoptera (Swainson, 1839) - Blackfin Persian Gulf material: UMPT 07 (1), UMPT 16 (1). scad (Gish-e-balleh-syah, Persian) Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Alepes djedaba (Fabricius [ex Forsskål] in Niebuhr by Nichols (1948) as Caranx nigripinnis; 1775) - scad (Gish-e-maygooii, Persian) subsequently reported by Sivasubramaniam & Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Ibrahim (1982b), Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Caranx by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Caranx djedaba; malam, C. nigripinnis and Alepes melanoptera, subsequently reported by Khalaf (1961) as Caranx Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall (1995a), Carpenter djedaba, Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Caranx djedaba, et al. (1997a, 1997b) and Bishop (2003). Relyea (1981) as Caranx djedaba, Al-Hassan & Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Hussain (1985), Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Caranx Africa and Persian Gulf east to Hawaiian Islands, djedaba, Hussain et al. (1988) as Atule djedaba, north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia. Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). (2003), Nasir & Khalid (2013) and Jabado et al. Persian Gulf material: AMNH 18134 (1). (2015a). Remarks: Selar malam Bleeker 1851 and Caranx Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East nigripinnis Day 1876 are junior synonyms. Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Hawaiian Islands, north to southern Japan, south to Alepes vari (Cuvier, 1833) - Herring scad northern Australia; Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf immigrant). by Krupp & Müller (1994) as Alepes macrurus; IUCN: Least Concern (LC). subsequently reported by Randall (1995a), Carpenter Persian Gulf material: BMNH 2014.5.27.14 (1), et al. (1997a, b), Bishop (2003) and Jawad & Ibrahim 46 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

(2017a, b, 2018c). armatus (Rüppell, 1830) - Longfin Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East trevally (Gish-e-deraz baleh, Persian) Africa and Persian Gulf east to Philippines and Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Solomon Islands, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Caranx armatus; Western Australia and Queensland (Australia). subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969), IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Caranx armata, Randall Persian Gulf material: USNM 381253 (1). (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Jawad et al. (2013) Remark: Alepes macrurus (Bleeker, 1851) is a junior and Dehghani (2014). synonym. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar Atropus atropos (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) - and western Mascarenes east to Gulf of Thailand and (Gish-e-shekam shyary, Persian; southern China, north to southern Japan. Hamam, Arabic, Kuwait) IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently Carangoides bajad (Fabricius [ex Forsskål] in reported by Khalaf (1961), Mahdi & Georg (1969), Niebuhr, 1775) - Orangespotted trevally Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986) as Atropus atropus, Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Relyea (1981) as Atropus atropus, Randall (1995a), by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Caranx Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Bishop (2003). auroguttatus; subsequently reported by Mahdi & Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf and Georg (1969) as Caranx auroguttatus, Gulf of Oman east to Philippines, north to southern Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b), Kuronuma & Japan and Ogasawara Islands. Abe (1986) as Caranx auroguttatus and C. bajad, IUCN: Not Evaluated. Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), Bishop (2003), Grandcourt et al. Atule mate (Cuvier, 1833) - Yellowtail scad (Gish-e- (2004), Taher et al. (2012), Jawad & Ibrahim (2017a, goosh-syah, Persian) 2018b), Torquato et al. (2017) and Jawad & Ibrahim Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (2018c). by Menon (1960); subsequently reported by Khalaf Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East (1961) as Caranx mate, Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Selar mate, Relyea (1981) as Caranx mate, Philippines, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b) as Alepes Solomon Islands. mate, Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Caranx mate, IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall (1995a), Carpenter Remarks: Authorship of species see Fricke (2008). et al. (1997a, b) and Bishop (2003). Caranx auroguttatus Cuvier 1833 is a junior Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East synonym. Africa, Persian Gulf, Mozambique Channel, Madagascar and Réunion (Mascarenes) east to Carangoides chrysophrys (Cuvier, 1833) - Longnose Hawaiian Islands, Samoa and Tonga, north to trevally (Gish-e-balafshan, Persian; Hamam, Arabic, southern Japan, south to Western Australia, New Kuwait) South Wales (Australia) and French Polynesia. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Least Concern (LC). by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Caranx Persian Gulf material: USNM 148070 (8). chrysophrys; subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969), Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986) as 47 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Caranx chrysophrys, Relyea (1981) as Caranx Carangoides fulvoguttatus (Forsskål in Niebuhr chrysophrys, Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b), 1775) - Yellowspotted trevally Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (2003), Jawad & Ibrahim (2018c) and Ziyadi et al. by Basson et al. (1981) as Caranx fulvoguttatus; (2018). subsequently reported by Sivasubramaniam & Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Ibrahim (1982b), Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Caranx Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar and fulvoguttatus, Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Bishop western Mascarenes east to Philippines and Fiji, (2003). north to Ryukyu Islands, south to Exmouth Gulf Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East (Western Australia) and New Caledonia. Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar and IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Mascarenes east to Palau and Vanuatu, north to Persian Gulf material: SMNS 14387 (2), UMPT 06 Ryukyu Islands, south to Western Australia, New (1), UMPT 07 (1). South Wales (Australia) and New Zealand. IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Carangoides coeruleopinnatus (Rüppell, 1830) - Coastal trevally (Gish-e-darakhshan, Persian) Carangoides gymnostethus (Cuvier, 1833) - Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Carangoides by Relyea (1981) as Caranx gymnostethoides; caeruleopinnatus; subsequently reported by Bishop subsequently reported by Kuronuma & Abe (1986) (2003) as Carangoides caeruleopinnatus. as Caranx gymnostethoides, Randall (1995a), Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003), Edwin Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar and (2012) and Torquato et al. (2017). Réunion (Mascarenes) east to Samoa and Tonga, Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia. South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar IUCN: Least Concern (LC). and western Mascarenes east to Marshall Islands and Remark: Previously named Carangoides Tuamotu Archipelago, north to Ryukyu Islands, caeruleopinnatus (Rüppell, 1830). south to Western Australia, Queensland (Australia), New Caledonia and Tonga. Carangoides ferdau (Fabricius [ex Forsskål] in IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Niebuhr 1775) - Blue trevally Remarks: Carangoides gymnostethoides Bleeker Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf 1851 is a junior synonym. by Smith & Saleh (1987); subsequently reported by Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003) and Torquato Carangoides malabaricus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) et al. (2017). - Malabar trevally (Gish-e-khalsefid, Persian; Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Hamam, Arabic, Kuwait) South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf and Mascarenes east to Hawaiian Islands, Line by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Caranx Islands and Pitcairn Group, north to southern Japan, malabaricus; subsequently reported by Mahdi (1950) south to Western Australia, New Caledonia, Norfolk as Caranx malabaricus, Menon (1960) as Caranx Island and Rapa. malabaricus, Khalaf (1961) as Caranx malabaricus, IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Mahdi & Georg (1969), Kuronuma & Abe (1972, Persian Gulf material: USNM 258669 (1). 1986) as Caranx malabaricus, Relyea (1981) as Remarks: Authorship of species see Fricke (2008). Caranx malabaricus, Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim 48 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

(1982b), Abou-Seedo (1992), Randall (1995a), Torquato et al. (2017). Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Bishop (2003). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Comoros, South Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Hawaiian Philippines and New Guinea, north to Japan and Islands, Line Islands and Pitcairn Group, north to Kuril Islands, south to Exmouth Gulf (Western southern Japan, south to Western Australia, New Australia) and New South Wales (Australia). South Wales (Australia), New Caledonia, Tonga and IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Rapa; eastern Pacific at Clipperton Atoll. Persian Gulf material: BMNH 2014.5.27.24 (1), IUCN: Least Concern (LC). UMPT 07 (4), UMPT 13 (4), UMPT 14 (2), UMPT 19 (1). Caranx melampygus Cuvier, 1833 - Bluefin trevally Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Carangoides praeustus (Anonymous [Bennett], by Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Caranx stellatus. 1830) - Brownback trevally Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-Pacific: East and South Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Comoros, by Krupp & Müller (1994); subsequently reported by Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Panama (eastern Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997a, 1997b) and Pacific), north to Izu Islands, Ogasawara Islands and Bishop (2003). Hawaiian Islands, south to Dampier Archipelago Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to (Western Australia), New South Wales (Australia), Indonesia and Philippines. Norfolk Island and Rapa. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). IUCN: Least concern (LC).

Caranx heberi (Bennett, 1830) - Caranx sexfasciatus Quoy & Gaimard, 1825 - Bigeye (Poroo domsyah, Persian) trevally (Poroo-e-chashmdorosht, Persian) Status in Persian Gulf: First record rom Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982a, 1982b) as by Mahdi (1950); subsequently reported by Khalaf Caranx sem; subsequently reported by Kuronuma & (1961), Mahdi & Georg (1969), Basson et al. (1981), Abe (1986) as Caranx sem, Randall (1995a) and Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b), Kuronuma & Carpenter et al. (1997b). Abe (1986), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003) Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and and Torquato et al. (2017). South Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and Réunion Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-Pacific: East and South (Mascarenes) east to Fiji, north to Ryukyu Islands, Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Comoros, south to northern Australia. Madagascar and western Mascarenes east to IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Hawaiian and Marquesas islands, south to Western Remark: Caranx sem (Cuvier, 1833) is a junior Australia, New South Wales (Australia), New synonym. Caledonia, Norfolk Island and Austral Islands; also eastern Pacific from Galápagos Archipelago and Caranx ignobilis (Forsskål in Niebuhr 1775) - Giant Ecuador to Mexico. trevally (Gish-e-bozorg, Persian) IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Basson et al. (1981), Relyea (1981); subsequently Decapterus macarellus (Cuvier, 1833) - reported by Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982a), scad Randall et al. (1994), Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf 49 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

by Carpenter et al. (1997b). subsequently reported by Kuronuma & Abe (1986) Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm as Elagatis bipinnulatus and Carpenter et al. (1997b). temperate seas. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm IUCN: Least Concern (LC). temperate seas. IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Decapterus macrosoma Bleeker 1851 - Shortfin scad Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Gnathanodon speciosus (Forsskål in Niebuhr 1775) - by Carpenter et al. (1997b). Golden trevally (Gish-e-talaie, Persian) Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-Pacific: East Africa, Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Hawaiian by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Caranx Islands, northern Line Islands (Kiribati) and Gambier speciosus; subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg Islands, north to southern Japan, south to Port (1969), Basson et al. (1981), Relyea (1981) as Caranx Hedland (Western Australia), New South Wales speciosus, Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982a, (Australia), New Caledonia and Tonga; also eastern 1982b), Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Caranx Pacific from Galápagos Archipelago and Gulf of speciosus, Smith & Saleh (1987), Krupp & Müller California (Mexico) to Peru. (1994), Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), Bishop (2003), IUCN: Least concern (LC). Grandcourt et al. (2004), Taher et al. (2012), Jawad & Ibrahim (2017a) and Torquato et al. (2017). Decapterus russelli (Rüppell, 1830) - Indian scad Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-Pacific: East and South Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Comoros, by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently Madagascar and western Mascarenes east to Panama, reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Decapterus north to Ryukyu Islands and Kuril Islands, and russelli, Relyea (1981) as Decapterus russelli, Hawaiian Islands, south to estern Australia, New Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b) as Decapterus South Wales (Australia), Tonga and Austral Islands. kiliche, Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Decapterus dayi, IUCN: Least Concern (LC). D. russellii and D. kiliche, Carpenter et al. (1997b) Persian Gulf material: SMNS 14412 (1). and Bishop (2003). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Megalaspis cordyla (Linnaeus, 1758) - Torpedo scad Africa and Persian Gulf east to Philippines and Fiji, (Katoo, Persian) north to southern Japan, south to Ningaloo Reef Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (Western Australia) and New South Wales by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently (Australia) at 29°23’S and New Caledonia; reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969), Relyea (1981), Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea immigrant). Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Megalaspis cordyla and IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Caranx plumbeus, Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop Persian Gulf material: UMPT 05 (3), UMPT 07 (3), (2003), Valinassab et al. (2006) and Moravec et al. UMPT 10 (4), UMPT 16 (1). (2016). Remarks: Decapterus dayi Wakiya 1924 is a junior Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East synonym. Africa and Persian Gulf east to Marshall Islands and Samoa, north to southern Japan, south to Western Elagatis bipinnulata (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825) - Australia, New South Wales (Australia), New Rainbow runner Caledonia and Tonga. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Least Concern (LC). by Relyea (1981) as Elagatis bipinnulatus; Remarks: Citula plumbea Quoy & Gaimard 1825 is a 50 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

junior synonym. Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and western Mascarenes east to Philippines, north to southern Naucrates ductor (Linnaeus, 1758) - Pilotfish Japan, south to Western Australia, Sydney (New Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf South Wales) and New Caledonia. by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944; subsequently IUCN: Least Concern (LC). reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969), Relyea (1981), Persian Gulf material: UMPT 05 (1), UMPT 07 (1). Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Bishop (2003). Scomberoides lysan (Fabricius [ex Forsskål] in Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm Niebuhr 1775) - Doublespotted queenfish (Liklah, temperate seas. thelah, Arabic, Kuwait) IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Chorinemus Parastromateus niger (Bloch, 1795) - Black lysan; subsequently reported by Mahdi (1950) as (Halva-siah, Persian; Halway, Arabic, Kuwait) Chorinemus lysan, Menon (1960), Khalaf (1961) as Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Chorinemus lysan, Mahdi & Georg (1969) as by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Stromateus Chorinemus lysan and C. sancti-petri, Kuronuma & niger; subsequently reported by Mahdi (1950) as Abe (1972) as Chorinemus lysan, Relyea (1981) as Stromateus niger, Menon (1960) as Apolectus niger, Chorinemus lysan and C. sancti-petri, Kuronuma & Khalaf (1961), Mahdi & Georg (1969), Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Hussain et al. (1988), Abou-Seedo Abe (1972, 1986) as Formio niger, Randall (1995a), (1992), Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Bishop (2003). Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003), Valinassab Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and et al. (2006) and Jawad & Ibrahim (2018c). South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Comoros, Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Madagascar and Réunion (western Mascarenes) east South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar to Hawaiian Islands, north to Ryukyu Islands, south and western Mascarenes east to Philippines, north to to Western Australia, New South Wales (Australia), southern Japan and Ogasawara Islands, south to Tonga and Rapa. Queensland (Australia) and Fiji. IUCN: Least Concern (LC). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Remarks: Authorship of species see Fricke (2008). Persian Gulf material: SMNS 14383 (3), UMPT 06 (4), UMPT 15 (1). (Cuvier, 1832) - Needlescaled queenfish Scomberoides commersonnianus Lacepède, 1801- Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Talang queenfish (Sarm-e-dahan-bozorg, Persian) by Basson et al. (1981); subsequently reported by Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Abou-Seedo (1992), by Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b) as Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Bishop Scomberoides commersonianus; subsequently (2003). reported by Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Scomberoides commersonianus, Abou-Seedo Africa and Persian Gulf east to Philippines and (1992), Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall (1995a), Marquesas Islands, north to southern Japan, south to Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), Bishop (2003), Taher et Exmouth Gulf (Western Australia), Queensland al. (2012), Nasir & Khalid (2013), Dehghani (2014), (Australia), New Caledonia and Tonga. Torquato et al. (2017) and Ziyadi et al. (2018). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East 51 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Selar crumenophthalmus (Bloch, 1793) - Bigeye Seriolina nigrofasciata (Rüppell, 1829) - scad (Gish-e-chashmdorosht, Persian) Blackbanded trevally (Sarm-e-tireh, Persian; Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Dabsah, Arabic, Kuwait) by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Caranx Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf crumenophthalmus; subsequently reported by Mahdi by Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Zonichthys & Georg (1969) as Caranx crumenophthalmus, nigrofasciata; subsequently reported by Kuronuma & Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b), Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986) as Seriola nigrofasciata, Relyea Abe (1986), Hussain et al. (1988), Carpenter et al. (1981) as Zenichthys nigrofasciatus, (1997b), Nasir (2000) and Bishop (2003). Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b), Smith & Saleh Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm (1987), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b) and temperate seas. Bishop (2003). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Distribution: Southeastern Atlantic; Red Sea, Indo- Persian Gulf material: CAS 79813 (10), UMPT 07 West Pacific: East and South Africa, Persian Gulf, (66). Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar and western Mascarenes east to Philippines, north to southern Selaroides leptolepis (Cuvier, 1833) - Yellowstripe Japan, south to Queensland (Australia). scad (Gish-e-zard-khat, Persian; Garfah, Arabic, IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Kuwait) Persian Gulf material: UMPT 11 (1). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Caranx Trachinotus baillonii (Lacepède, 1801) - Small leptolepis; subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg spotted dart (1969), Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986) as Caranx Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf leptolepis, Relyea (1981) as Caranx leptolepis, by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b), Smith & Saleh reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969), Relyea (1981), (1987), Randall (1995a), Abou-Seedo (1992) as Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Randall (1995a), Caranx leptolepis, Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), Bishop Carpenter et al. (1997b), Hussain & Jawad (2014) (2003) and Jabado et al. (2015a). and Ziyadi et al. (2018). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf and Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Gulf of Oman east to Philippines, north to southern Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Comoros, Japan, south to eastern Australia. Madagascar and Mascarenes east to northern Line IUCN: Least Concern (LC). and Gambier islands, north to southern Japan, south Persian Gulf material: UMPT 05 (1), UMPT 06 (11), to Western Australia, New South Wales (Australia), UMPT 12 (1), UMPT 13 (1). Lord Howe Island, Tonga and Rapa. IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Seriola dumerili (Risso, 1810) - Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Trachinotus blochii (Lacepède, 1801) - Snubnose by Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b); pompano subsequently reported by Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Krupp & Müller (1994), Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), by Khalaf (1961); subsequently reported by Mahdi & Bishop (2003) and Torquato et al. (2017). Georg (1969) as Trachinotus blochi, Relyea (1981), Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b), Kuronuma & temperate seas except not in eastern Pacific. Abe (1986) as Trachinotus blochi, Abou-Seedo IUCN: Least Concern (LC). (1992), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), 52 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Bishop (2003), Taher et al. (2012) and Torquato et al. Australia. (2017). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Persian Gulf material: USNM 148072 (1). Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Marshall Islands, Samoa and Uraspis helvola (Forster, 1801) - Whitetongue jack Tonga, north to southern Japan, south to Western (Gis-e-dahan-sefid, Persian) Australia and New Caledonia. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Least Concern (LC). by Randall (1995a); subsequently reported by Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Bishop (2003). Trachinotus mookalee Cuvier, 1832- Indian Distribution: Nearly circumglobal in tropical and pompano (Parasto-mahi-e-hendi, Persian) subtropical seas. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Prsian Gulf IUCN: Least Concern (LC). by Carpenter et al. (1997b); subsequently reported by Dehghani (2014). Family Cepolidae Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf and Acanthocepola abbreviata (Valenciennes, 1835) - Gulf of Oman east to East China Sea, north to (Navar-mahi, Persian) southern Japan. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969), Kuronuma & indicus Nekrasov, 1966 - Abe (1986), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (1997b) as Acanthochephala abreviata and Bishop by Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b; previously (2003) as Acanthochephala abreviata. reported by Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Trachurus Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf and trachurus (non Linnaeus 1758) and T. indicus; Gulf of Oman east to Papua New Guinea, north to subsequently reported by Randall (1995a), Carpenter and Philippines south to northern Australia. et al. (1997a, b) and Bishop (2003). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: Somalia and Persian Gulf east to Pakistan, south to Family Chaetodontidae Saya de Malha Bank. auriga Forsskål in Niebuhr 1775 - IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Threadfin Persian Gulf material: SMNS 14400 (1), UMPT 01 Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (1), UMPT 07 (2), UMPT 16 (4), USNM 236809 by Allen et al. (1998). (23), USNM 257105 (3). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar mentalis (Cuvier, 1833) - and Mascarenes east to Hawaiian Islands, northern (Moghavva chaneh-deraz, Persian) Line Islands and Pitcairn Group, north to southern Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Japan, south to Western Australia, New South Wales by Basson et al. (1981); subsequently reported by (Australia), Lord Howe Island, Kermadec Islands Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Randall (1995a), and Rapa. Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Bishop (2003). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Chaetodon collare Bloch, 1787 - Redtail butterflyfish Philippines, north to Taiwan, south to northern Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf 53 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

by Pratchett et al. (2013). 1997b), Allen et al. (1998), Bishop (2003), Pratchett Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Gulf of Aden, Gulf et al. (2013), Buchanan et al. (2015) and Torquato et of Oman, Persian Gulf and Maldives east to al. (2017). Malaysia, Brunei and Philippines. Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: southern IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Oman and Gulf of Oman to Persian Gulf. IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Chaetodon gardineri Norman, 1939 - Gardiner's Persian Gulf material: USNM 267074 (1), USNM butterflyfish 428404 (1). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Randall (1995a); subsequently reported by Chaetodon vagabundus Linnaeus, 1758 - Vagabond Carpenter et al. (1997b), Edwin (2012) and Pratchett butterflyfish et al. (2013). Status in Persian Gulf: Firat record from Persian Gulf Distribution: Northern Indian Ocean: Gulf of Aden, by Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b) as Gulf of Oman and Persian Gulf east to Andaman Sea Chaetodon vagabunda; subsequently reported by (western Thailand) and western Indonesia. Kuronuma & Abe (1986) and Pratchett et al. (2013). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Persian Gulf, Mozambique Channel, Guichenot, 1863 - Arabian Seychelles, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to butterflyfish Marshall Islands, northern Line Islands and Tuamotu Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Archipelago, north to southern Japan, south to by Allen (1979); subsequently reported by Basson et Western Australia, Lord Howe Island, New al. (1981), Relyea (1981) as Chaetodon malapterus, Caledonia and Austral Islands. Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b), Kuronuma & IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Abe (1986), Smith & Saleh (1987), Krupp (1991) as Chaetodon melanopterus, Krupp & Müller (1994), acuminatus (Linnaeus, 1758) - Pennant Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997a, 1997b), coralfish Allen et al. (1998), Bishop (2003), Pratchett et al. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (2013) and Buchanan et al. (2015). by Regan (1905) as Heniochus macrolepidotus; Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: subsequently reported by Blegvad & Løppenthin Gulf of Aden, Gulf of Oman and Persian Gulf. (1944), Mahdi & Georg (1969), Kuronuma & Abe IUCN: Least Concern (LC). (1972, 1986), Allen & Kuiter (1978), Allen (1979), Basson et al. (1981), Relyea (1981), Sauvage, 1880 - Black- Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b), Smith & Saleh spotted butterflyfish (1987), Krupp & Müller (1994), Carpenter et al. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (1997a, 1997b), Allen et al. (1998), Bishop (2003), by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Chaetodon Jawad et al. (2014d), Buchanan et al. (2015) and obscurus; subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg Torquato et al. (2017). (1969) as Chaetodon obscurus, Kuronuma & Abe Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East and South (1972, 1986) as Chaeodon obscurus and C. Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Comoros, nigropunctatus, Allen (1979), Basson et al. (1981), Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Society Islands, Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b) as Chaetodon north to southern Japan, south to New South Wales obscurus, Smith & Saleh (1987), Krupp & Müller (Australia) and Lord Howe Island. (1994), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997a, IUCN: Least Concern (LC). 54 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Persian Gulf material: BPBM uncat. (6), SMF 9803 Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003), Valinassab (5), SMF 11974 (3), SMNS 14384 (1), USNM et al. (2006) and Dehghani (2014). 147892 (3), USNM 147893 (5), USNM 267087 (1), Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Madagascar, USNM 267117 (2), USNM 267130 (2). Réunion (Mascarenes, now extinct) and Persian Gulf east to Philippines and New Guinea, north to Family Coryphaenidae southern Japan, south to northern Australia. Coryphaena hippurus Linnaeus, 1758 - Common IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). dolphinfish (Galit-e-maamooli, Persian) Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Family Echeneidae by Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986); subsequently Echeneis naucrates Linnaeus, 1758 - Live reported by Basson et al. (1981), Randall (1995a), sharksucker (Chasbak-mahi, Persian; Lazzag, Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Bishop (2003). Arabic, Kuwait) Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf temperate seas. by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Echeneis IUCN: Least Concern (LC). neucrates; subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg Remarks: Highly migratory species, Annex I of the (1969) as Echeneis neucrates, Kuronuma & Abe 1982 Convention on the Law of the Sea (FAO, (1972, 1986), Basson et al. (1981), Relyea (1981), Fisheries Department 1994). Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b), Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. Family Drepanidae (1997a, 1997b), Bishop (2003) and Torquato et al. Drepane longimana (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) - (2017). Concertina fish (Aroosmahi-e-navari, Persian; Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm Mishit, Arabic, Kuwait) temperate seas. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Least Concern (LC). by Kuronuma & Abe (1972); subsequently reported Persian Gulf material: UMPT 08 (1), USNM 147946 by Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Randall (1995a), (1), USNM 148098 (2), USNM 148099 (1), USNM Valinassab et al. (2006) and Dehghani (2014). 265641 (1), USNM 265642 (2), USNM 265643 (1). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Family Ephippidae Philippines and New Guinea, north to southern Ephippus orbis (Bloch, 1787) - Orbfish (Shing-mahi, Japan, south to northern Australia. Persian; Mishit, Arabic, Kuwait) IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Persian Gulf material: SMNS 14385 (3), UMPT 14 by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently (9), UMPT 15 (1), UMPT 16 (1), UMPT 19 (4), reported by Menon (1960), Khalaf (1961), Mahdi & UMPT 20 (3). Georg (1969), Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986), Relyea (1981), Abou-Seedo (1992), Randall (1995a), Drepane punctata (Linnaeus, 1758) - Spotted Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003) and sicklefish (Aroosmahi-e-manghoot, Persian) Valinassab et al. (2006). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf and by Regan (1905); subsequently reported by Blegvad Gulf of Oman east to Philippines, north to Ryukyu & Løppenthin (1944), Mahdi (1950), Menon (1960), Islands. Khalaf (1961), Mahdi & Georg (1969), Relyea IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). (1981), Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Randall (1995a), Persian Gulf material: USNM 267127 (1). 55 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Platax orbicularis (Forsskål in Niebuhr 1775) - reshtehdar, Persian; Badah, Arabic, Kuwait) Orbicular batfish (Khoffash-mahi, Persian) Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Iwatsuki et al. (2015); previously reported by by Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b); Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Gerres punctatus subsequently reported by Kuronuma & Abe (1986), (non Cuvier 1830), Mahdi (1950) as Gerres punctatus Krupp & Müller (1994) and Carpenter et al. (1997b). (non Cuvier 1830), Menon (1960), Khalaf (1961) as Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Gerres punctatus (non Cuvier 1830), Mahdi & Georg South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar (1969) as Pertica filamentosa (non Cuvier 1829), and western Mascarenes east to Tuamotu Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986) as Gerres Archipelago, north to southern Japan, south to filamentosus (non Cuvier 1829), Relyea (1981) as Western Australia, New Caledonia and Tonga; Gerres filamentosus (non Cuvier 1829), introduced into Western Atlantic waters off Florida, Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982a, 1982b) as U.S.A. Gerres filamentosus (non Cuvier 1829), Abou-Seedo IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). (1992) as Gerres filamentosus (non Cuvier 1829), Platax teira (Fabricius [ex Forsskål] in Niebuhr 1775) Randall (1995a) as Gerres filamentosus (non Cuvier - Longfin batfish 1829), Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Gerres Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf filamentosus (non Cuvier 1829), Bishop (2003) as by Mahdi & Georg (1969); also reported by Mahdi & Gerres filamentosus (non Cuvier 1829), Dehghani Georg (1969) as Platax pinnatus (non Linnaeus (2014) as Gerres filamentosus (non Cuvier 1829) and 1758), Basson et al. (1981) as Platax pinnatus (non Jabado et al. (2015a) as Gerres filamentosus (non Linnaeus 1758), Relyea (1981) as Platax pinnatus Cuvier 1829). (non Linnaeus 1758), Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: Persian Platax pinnatus (non Linnaeus 1758); subsequently Gulf and Gulf of Oman east to Gulf of Thailand. reported by Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b), IUCN: Data deficient (DD). Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Krupp & Müller (1994), Persian Gulf material: MUFS 32625 (1), MUFS Carpenter et al. (1997a, 1997b), Bishop (2003), 46053-46055 (3), UMPT 06 (36), UMPT 07 (73), Jawad & Bannai (2014), Torquato et al. (2017) and UMPT 10 (5), UMPT 16 (1), UMPT 19 (1), UMPT Ziyadi et al. (2018). 20 (13), USNM 196513 (1), USNM 267097 (1). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and South Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and western Gerres limbatus Cuvier, 1830 - Saddleback silver- Mascarenes east to Northern Marianas, Solomon biddy Islands and Loyalty Islands (New Caledonia), north Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf to southern Japan and Ogasawara Islands, south to by Ali et al. (2014a) and Dehghani (2014) as Gerres Western Australia, Queensland (Australia), Norfolk lucidus. Island, New Zealand (vagrant); Mediterranean Sea Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to (Red Sea immigrant). western Indonesia and Gulf of Thailand. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Persian Gulf material: UMPT 09 (1), USNM 147837 (2). Gerres longirostris (Lacepède, 1801) - Strongspine silver-biddy (Chaghook-e-posht-talaei, Persian) Family Gerreidae Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Gerres infasciatus Iwatsuki & Kimura 1998 - by Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Gerres acinaces; Western whipfin silver-biddy (Chaghook-e- subsequently reported by Bishop (2003) as Gerres 56 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

acinaces, Grandcourt et al. (2006c), Ali (2013b), Gerres argyreus (Forster, 1801) is a junior synonym. Dehghani (2014) as Gerres poieti, Taher et al. (2012) as Gerres acinances and Jabado et al. (2015a). Pentaprion longimanus (Cantor, 1849) - Longfin Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and mojarra (Chaghook-e-shaffat, Persian) South Africa, Persian Gulf, Mozambique Channel, Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Aldabra, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Palau by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsquently and Marquesas Islands, north to Ryukyu Islands and reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969), Relyea (1981), Japan, south to Queensland (Australia), New Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Randall (1995a) and Caledonia and Tonga. Carpenter et al. (1997b). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to Remark: Gerres acinaces (Bleeker, 1854) and Gerres Philippines and Papua New Guinea, north to southern poieti (Cuvier, 1829) are junior synonyms. Japan, south to northern Australia. IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Gerres macracanthus Bleeker 1854 - Longspine Persian Gulf material: UMPT 06 (60), UMPT 07 silverbiddy (76), UMPT 15 (1). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Iwatsuki et al. (2015). Family Gobiidae Distribution: Southern Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: Remarks: A Persian Gulf record of Rhinogobius East and South Africa and Persian Gulf east to brunneus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1845) by Al- Philippines, north to Ryukyu Islands. Hassan & Miller (1987) needs verification. IUCN: Not evaluated (NE). Acentrogobius dayi Koumans, 1941 - Day's goby Gerres oyena (Fabricius [ex Forsskål] in Niebuhr Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf 1775) - Common silver-biddy in original description by Koumans (1941); Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf subsequently reported from Persian Gulf by Blegvad by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Gerres öyena; & Løppenthin (1944), Khalaf (1961), Mahdi & subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Georg (1969), Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Gerres öyena, Basson et al. (1981), Relyea (1981), dayi, Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982a, 1982b), Bishop (2003). Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Abou-Seedo (1992), Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Krupp & Müller (1994) as Gerres argyreus and G. Gulf and Gulf of Oman east to Pakistan. oyena, Carpenter et al. (1997a, 1997b), Zajonz et al. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). (2002), Bishop (2003) and Taher et al. (2012). Persian Gulf material: USNM 196494 (1), ZSI Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and F5604/2 (2 paralectotypes). South Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Marshall Islands and Samoa, Acentrogobius cyanomos (Bleeker, 1849) north to Ryukyu Islands (southern Japan), south to Status in Persian Gulf: Reported from Persian Gulf Western Australia, New South Wales (Australia), by Zajonz et al. (2002) as Aulopareia cyanomos; New Caledonia and Tonga. subsequently reported by Bishop (2003). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to Persian Gulf material: USNM 147999 (18), USNM western Indonesia. 196517 (1), USNM 267091 (11). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Remark: Authorship of species see Fricke (2008). 57 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Acentrogobius viridipunctatus (Valenciennes, 1837) subsequently reported by Randall (1995a) and - Spotted green goby Bishop (2003). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East by Nasir (2000). Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and western Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East and South Mascarenes east to Samoa, north to southern Japan, Africa and Persian Gulf east to Philippines and New south to northern Australia. Guinea, north to southern Japan, south to northern IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Australia. Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1994.1.18.8 (1), IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). BMNH 1994.1.18.27 (1), BPBM 33269 (4), BPBM 33344 (6). diagonalis Polunin & Lubbock, 1979 - Slantbar shrimpgoby Amblyeleotris triguttata Randall, 1994 - Triplespot Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf shrimpgoby by Randall et al. (1994); subsequently reported by Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997a, 1997b) and in original description by Randall (1994b); Bishop (2003). subsequently reported by Randall (1995a) and Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Carpenter et al. (1997b). Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: Philippines, New Guinea and Solomon Islands, north Gulf of Oman, Persian Gulf. to southern Japan, south to Queensland (Australia) IUCN: Least Concern (LC). and New Caledonia. Persian Gulf material: AMS I.34199-001 (1 IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). paratype), BMNH 1993.7.21.1 (1 paratype), BPBM Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1994.1.18.7 (1), 33309 (4 paratypes), USNM 326163 (1 paratype). BPBM 30450 (1), BPBM 33268 (3), BPBM 34464 (1). Amblygobius albimaculatus (Rüppell, 1830) - Butterfly goby Amblyeleotris downingi Randall, 1994 - Downing's Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf shrimpgoby by Smith & Saleh (1987); subsequently reported by Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall (1995a), Carpenter in original description by Randall (1994b); et al. (1997a, 1997b), Bishop (2003) and Taher et al. subsequently reported by Randall (1995a), Carpenter (2012). et al. (1997b) and Bishop (2003). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Distribution: Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf; eastern South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Comoros, Andaman Sea and western Sumatra. Madagascar and Mascarenes (Mauritius, Rodrigues) IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). east to Philippines (possibly Gambier Islands), north Persian Gulf material: BPBM 33229 (holotype), to southern Japan, south to Queensland (Australia). BPBM 34463 (1 paratype), USNM 269989 (1 IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). paratype). Persian Gulf material: USNM 196487 (1), USNM 196488 (3). Amblyeleotris periophthalma (Bleeker, 1853) - Periophthalma -goby Amblygobius nocturnus (Herre, 1945) - Nocturn Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf goby by Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall et al. (1994); Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf 58 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

by Randall et al. (1994); subsequently reported by 33310 (6). Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997a, 1997b), Bishop (2003) and Edwin (2012). Aulopareia ocellata (Day, 1873) - Ocellated Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: Persian scalycheek goby Gulf east to Tuamotu Archipelago and Marquesas Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Islands, north to Ryukyu Islands and southern Japan, by Zare et al. (2012). south to Western Australia, New Caledonia, Lord Distribution: Northern Indian Ocean and western Howe Island and Tonga and Rapa. Pacific and Persian Gulf. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1994.1.18.20 (1), Persian Gulf material: NTM S.16768-001 (2). BPBM 33372 (1). Bathygobius cocosensis (Bleeker, 1854) - Cocos Apocryptodon madurensis (Bleeker, 1849) - Madura frill-goby goby Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Sadegi. & Esmaeili (2019a). by Wright (1988); subsequently reported by Abou- Distribution: Indo-Pacific: East Africa to Johnston, Seedo et al. (1990), Zajonz et al. (2002) and Bishop Marquesas and Tuamoto islands, north to southern (2003). Japan, south to the southern Great Barrier Reef and Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to Rapa Islands; Marianas and Marshall Islands in Philipines, north to southern Japan, south to northern Micronesia. Misidentified as Bathygobius fuscus in Australia. Hawaii (Randall et al. 1993). New Caledonia, Rapa, IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). and the Makran Sea (Sadeghi & Esmaeili 2019). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE) Asterropteryx semipunctata Rüppell, 1830 - Starry Persian Gulf material: ZM-CBSU F67-1-3 goby Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Bathygobius fuscus (Rüppell, 1830) - Dusky by Wright (1988) as Asterropteryx semipunctatus; frillgoby subsequently reported by Krupp & Müller (1994) as Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Asterropteryx semipunctatus, Randall et al. (1994) as by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); previously Asterropteryx semipunctatus, Carpenter et al. reported by Regan (1905) as albopunctatus (1997a, 1997b) as Asterropteryx semipunctatus and (non Valenciennes 1837); subsequently reported by Bishop (2003) as Asterropteryx semipunctatus. Mahdi & Georg (1969), Relyea (1981), Kuronuma & Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Abe (1986), Hussain et al. (1988, 1994, 1999), South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Bishop (2003). and Mascarenes east to Wake Atoll, Hawaiian Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Islands and Tuamotu Archipelago, north to southern Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Comoros, Japan and Ogasawara Islands, south to Western Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Wake Atoll, Australia, Lord Howe Island, New Caledonia and Marquesas Islands and Gambier Islands, north to Rapa. and southern Japan, south to Western IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Australia, Queensland (Australia), New Caledonia, Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1994.1.18.18-19 (2), Norfolk Island and Tonga. BPBM 30300 (2), BPBM 30439 (4), BPBM 30451 IUCN: Least Concern (LC). (1), BPBM 30478 (5), BPBM 33280 (1), BPBM 59 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Bathygobius meggitti (Hora & Mukerji, 1936) - Persian Gulf material: ZSI uncat. (1). Meggitt's goby Status in Persian Gulf: It has already been recorded amplus Larson 1985 - Large whip goby from the Persian Gulf (see Ghanbarifardi & Malek Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf 2007, 2009) by Krupp et al. (2000); subsequently reported by Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa and Buchanan et al. (2015). Socotra east to Fiji, north to Japan, south to northern Distribution. Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf, Australia including Persian Gulf and Oman Sea. Madagascar and Seychelles east to Hawaiian Islands, IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). north to southern Japan and Ogasawara Islands, south to Queensland (Australia). Boleophthalmus dussumieri Valenciennes, 1837 IUCN. Least concern (LC). (Eshlambo and Gel Khorok, Persian) Persian Gulf material. SMF 28607 (2), SNMNH F57 Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (1), SNMNH F58 (5). by Holly (1929) as Boleophthalmus chamiri; subsequently reported by Koumans (1941) as Bryaninops yongei (Davis & Cohen, 1969) - Whip Boleophthalmus dussumieri and B. dentatus, Misra goby (1947), Fowler & Steinitz (1956) as Boleophthalmus Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf dentatus, Menon (1960) as Boleophthalmus dentatus, by Carpenter et al. (1997b). Khalaf (1961), Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: Persian Boleophthalmus dussumieri and B. dentatus, Relyea Gulf, Amirantes, Seychelles, Madagascar and (1981) as Boleophthalmus boddarti (non Pallas Mauritius (Mascarenes) east to Hawaiian Islands and 1770), Tytler & Vaughan (1983) as Boleophthalmus Marquesas Islands, north to southern Japan, south to boddarti (non Pallas 1770), Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Western Australia, Queensland (Australia), New Wright (1988) as Boleophthalmus boddarti (non Caledonia, Tonga and Rapa. Pallas 1770), Murdy (1989), Krupp (1991) as IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Boleophthalmus boddarti (non Pallas 1770), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Hussain et al. Callogobius bifasciatus (Smith, 1958) - Doublebar (1999) as Boleophthalmus boddarti (non Pallas goby 1770), Nasir (2000) as Boleophthalmus boddarti (non Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Pallas 1770), Bishop (2003) and Polgar et al. (2017). by Randall et al. (1994); subsequently reported by Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Randall (1995a) and Carpenter et al. (1997b). Gulf and Oman east to Pakistan. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: South Africa to IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Persian Gulf. Persian Gulf material: BPBM 30528 (5), USNM IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). 196293 (1), ZSI uncat. (2). Persian Gulf material: BPBM 21233 (1), BPBM 30513 (2), BPBM 30452 (2), BPBM 30479 (1), Brachyamblyopus brachysoma (Bleeker, 1854) BPBM 33281 (1), BPBM 33311 (4), BPBM 33345 Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (1), BPBM 33402 (2), BPBM 33419 (5), BPBM by Koumans (1941); subsequently reported by 34428 (1). Koumans (1953) and Kuronuma & Abe (1986). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to Callogobius plumatus (Smith, 1959) - Feather goby New Guinea, north to southern China. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). by Randall et al. (1994); subsequently reported by 60 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Randall (1995a) and Carpenter et al. (1997b). (11), BPBM 35414 (4). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East and South Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Guam Coryogalops monospilus Randall, 1994 - Onespot and Tonga. goby IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Persian Gulf material: BPBM 33282 (1), BPBM in original description by Randall (1994b); 33371 (1). subsequently reported by Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003) and Kovaçiç et al. Callogobius sclateri (Steindachner, 1879) - Pacific (2014, 2016). goby Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Gulf endemic. by Krupp & Müller (1994). IUCN: Data deficient (DD). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Persian Gulf material: BPBM 33235 (holotype). South Africa, Persian Gulf, Amirantes, Comoros, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Marquesas Coryogalops tessellatus Randall, 1994 Islands and Gambier Islands, north to southern Japan Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf and Ogasawara Islands, south to Western Australia, in original description by Randall (1994b); Queensland (Australia), New Caledonia and Tonga. subsequently reported by Randall (1995a), Carpenter IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). et al. (1997b), Kovaçiç et al. (2014) and Sadeghi et al. (2019a). Coryogalops adamsoni (Goren, 1985) - Adamson's Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian goby Gulf to central Oman. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). by Randall et al. (1994); subsequently reported by Persian Gulf material: BPBM 30524 (holotype), Randall (1995a) and Carpenter et al. (1997b). AMS I.34200-001 (1 paratype), BMNH 1993.7.21.2 Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian (1 paratype), BPBM 30303 (1), BPBM 33253 (4 Gulf and Gulf of Oman east to Pakistan. paratypes), BPBM 35411 (1 paratype), USNM IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). 326164 (3 paratypes), ZM-CBSU F4-01-36. Persian Gulf material: BPBM 30202 (1), BPBM 30304 (2), BPBM 30314 (3), BPBM 33411 (60). Cryptocentroides arabicus (Gmelin, 1789) - Arabian goby Coryogalops anomolus Smith, 1958 - Anomolous Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf goby by Randall et al. (1994); subsequently reported by Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Edwin by Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Salarias anomalus; (2012) as Cyptocentrus caeruleopunctatus (non subsequently reported by Randall et al. (1994), Rüppell 1830). Randall (1995a) and Carpenter et al. (1997b). Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: East Gulf of Aden to Persian Gulf. Africa to Persian Gulf. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Persian Gulf material: BPBM 21199 (1), BPBM Persian Gulf material: BPBM 29541 (1), BPBM 21200 (1), BPBM 21295 (4), BPBM 30309 (1), 30511 (7), BPBM 30512 (2), BPBM 33265 (1), BPBM 30315 (1), USNM 147964 (1), USNM BPBM 33319 (7), BPBM 33351 (1), BPBM 33401 265649 (9). 61 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Cryptocentrus cryptocentrus (Valenciennes, 1837) - Müller (1994), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. Ninebar prawn-goby (1997a, b) and Bishop (2003). Status in Persian Gulf: New record from Persian Gulf Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: East based on USNM 147965 (1) from Tarut Bay, Saudi Africa to Persian Gulf. Arabia. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: East Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1963.3.27.1-3 (3), Africa and Persian Gulf, Mozambique Channel, SMF 6186 (1), USNM 147963 (6), USNM 265650 Seychelles and Mauritius (Mascarenes) east to (3), USNM 440512 (2). Chagos Archipelago. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Lachner &Karnella, 1978 - Spotted Persian Gulf material: USNM 147965 (1). dwarfgoby Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Cryptocentrus cyanotaenia (Bleeker, 1853) by Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall et al. (1994); Status in Persian Gulf: New record from Persian Gulf subsequently reported by Carpenter et al. (1997b) by Sadeghi et al. (2019b). and Wright (1988). Distribution: Western Pacific and eastern Indian Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: Ocean: Andaman Sea, Brunei, and Indonesia, east to Seychelles, Gulf of Oman and Persian Gulf east to New Guinea, India ((Tamilnadu, Mandapam; see western Indonesia. Kumar et al. 2015) and Iran (Hormuz Island, Strait of IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Hormuz). Persian Gulf material: BPBM 30420 (5), BPBM IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). 30455 (3), BPBM 33283 (12), BPBM 33312 (4). Persian Gulf material: ZM-CBSU F671, ZM-CBSU F672. Eviota pardalota Lachner & Karnella, 1978 - Leopard dwarfgoby Cryptocentrus fasciatus (Playfair, 1867) - Y-bar Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf shrimp goby by Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall et al. (1994); Status in Persian Gulf: First record from the Persian subsequently reported by Randall (1995a), Carpenter Gulf by Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall et al. et al. (1997a, b) and Bishop (2003), Greenfield & (1994); subsequently reported by Carpenter et al. Winterbottom (2016). (1997b). Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Gulf of Oman, Persian Gulf. Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar and IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Mascarenes east to New Britain, south to Queensland Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1994.1.18.27 (1), (Australia) and New Caledonia. BPBM 30301 (2), BPBM 30453 (1), BPBM 30480 IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). (6), BPBM 33284 (1), BPBM 33313 (5), BPBM Persian Gulf material: BPBM 34465 (2). 33346 (4).

Cryptocentrus lutheri Klausewitz, 1960- Luther's Eviota sebreei Jordan & Seale, 1906 - Striped prawn-goby dwarfgoby Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Palmer (1963); subsequently reported by Relyea by Wright (1988); subsequently reported by Krupp & (1981) as Cryptocentrus cryptocentrus (non Müller (1994), Randall et al. (1994), Randall Valenciennes 1837), Smith & Saleh (1987), Krupp & (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997a, b) and Bishop 62 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

(2003). reported by Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf and Coryphopterus inframaculatus. Madagascar east to Marshall Islands, Tonga and Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa and Samoa, north to southern Japan, south to Western Persian Gulf east to Marquesas Islands, north to Australia, Queensland (Australia) and New southern Japan, south to Queensland (Australia). Caledonia. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Persian Gulf material: BPBM 30456 (holotype), Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1994.1.18.25-26 (2), AMS I.34201-001 (2 paratypes), BMNH BPBM 30454 (2), BPBM 33285 (8), BPBM 33347 1993.7.21.3-4 (2 paratypes), BPBM 35460 (1 (3). paratype); USNM 326155 (2 paratypes). Remark: synonym of Coryphopterus inframaculatus Favonigobius melanobranchus (Fowler, 1934) - (Randall, 1994) Blackthroat goby Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Gnatholepis anjerensis (Bleeker, 1851) - Eye-bar by Randall et al. (1994) as Papillogobius goby melanobranchus; subsequently reported by Randall Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (1995a) as Papillogobius melanobranchus, Carpenter by Wright (1988) as Gnatholepis anjerensis; et al. (1997b) as Papillogobius melanobranchus and subsequently reported by Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), Edwin (2012). Randall & Greenfield (2001, part), Bishop (2003), Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Larson & Buckle (2012); previously reported by South Africa and Persian Gulf east to Indonesia and Regan (1905) as Gobius ophthalmotaenia (non Papua New Guinea, south to northern Australia; Bleeker 1854). Mediterrranean Sea immigrant. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and IUCN: Lower Risk: near threatened (LR/NT). South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Comoros, Persian Gulf material: BPBM 30306 (8), BPBM Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Hawaiian 30310 (1), BPBM 30323 (3), BPBM 33264 (1). Islands, Marquesas Islands and Tuamotu Archipelago, north to southern Japan, south to Favonigobius reichei (Bleeker, 1854) - Indo-Pacific Rowley Shoals (Western Australia), New Caledonia, tropical sand goby Lord Howe Island and Rapa. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from the Persian IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Gulf by Sadeghi et al. (2017). Persian Gulf material: BPBM 30405 (1). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar Gnatholepis caudimaculata Larson & Buckle 2012 - and Mauritius (Mascarenes) east to Marshall Islands Tailspot goby and New Guinea, north to southern Japan, south to Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf northern Australia and New Caledonia. in original description by Larson & Buckle (2012); IUCN: Lower Risk: near threatened (LR/NT). previously reported by Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Gnatholepis caurensis (non Bleeker 1853), Krupp & Fusigobius inframaculatus (Randall, 1994) - Müller (1994) as Gnatholepis cauerensis (non Innerspotted sandgoby Bleeker 1853) and Randall & Greenfield (2001) as Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Gnatholepis anjerensis (non Bleeker 1851, in part). in original description by Randall (1994b) as Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: Coryphopterus inframaculatus; subsequently Persian Gulf. 63 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). in original description by Lachner & McKinney Persian Gulf material: BPBM 33350 (2 paratypes), (1978); previously reported by Blegvad & BPBM 30457 (3 paratypes), BPBM 33373 (1 Løppenthin (1944) as Barbatogobius asanai (non paratype), BPBM 33374 (2 paratypes). Koumans 1941), Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Barbatogobius asanai (non Koumans 1941); Gobiodon citrinus (Rüppell, 1838) - Poison goby subsequently reported by White & Relyea (1984), Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Randall (1995a) and by Basson et al. (1981), Relyea (1981); subsequently Carpenter et al. (1997b). reported by Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Krupp & Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Müller (1994) as Gobiodon cf. citrinus, Carpenter et Gulf and Oman east to western India. al. (1997b) and Buchanan et al. (2015). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Persian Gulf material: ZMUC 01.9.1943.619 South Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar, Aldabra, (holotype), SMF 18849 (1), SMF 18850-18851 (2), Seychelles and Réunion (western Mascarenes) east to SMF 18852 (1), SMF 18853 (1), SMF 18854 (1), Samoa and Tonga, north to southern Japan, south to SMF 18859-18860 (2), SMF 18861 (1), SMF 18862 Western Australia, Queensland (Australia) and New (1). Caledonia. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Hetereleotris vulgaris (Klunzinger, 1871) - Gobiodon reticulatus Playfair, 1867 - Reticulate Status in Persian Gulf: Reported from Persian Gulf goby by Carpenter et al. (1997); previously reported by Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Regan (1905) as diadematus (non Rüppell by Randall (1995a); subsequently reported by 1830). Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), Bishop (2003) and Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: East Buchanan et al. (2015). Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: Gulf of Pakistan; Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea immigrant). Aden to Persian Gulf; Chagos Archipelago. IUCN: Least Concern (LC). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Istigobius decoratus (Herre, 1927) - Decorated goby Gobiodon rivulatus (Rüppell, 1830) - Rippled Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf coralgoby by Wright (1988); subsequently reported by Krupp & Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Müller (1994), Randall et al. (1994), Carpenter et al. by Carpenter et al. (1997b). (1997a, b) and Bishop (2003). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar and and Mascarenes east to Wake Atoll and Gambier Mascarenes east to Rotuma and Tonga, north to Islands, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to Australia southern Japan, south to New Caledonia and and New Caledonia. Australia, and Lord Howe Island. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1994.1.18.21 (1), Gobiopsis canalis Lachner & McKinney, 1978 - BPBM 29309 (3), BPBM 30482 (1), BPBM 33317 Checkered goby (1). Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf 64 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Istigobius ornatus (Rüppell, 1830) - Ornate goby Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Regan (1905) as Gobius hoplopomus; by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Acentrogobius subsequently reported by Kuronuma & Abe (1986) ornatus; subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg as hoplopomus and Carpenter et al. (1969) as Acentrogobius ornatus, Kuronuma & Abe (1997b). (1986) as Acentrogobius ornatus, Smith & Saleh Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East (1987), Murdy & Hoese (1985) and Bishop (2003). Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Marshall Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Society islands, north to Ryukyu Islands and Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Society Taiwan, south to Queensland (Australia) and New and Marquesas Islands, north to Ryukyu Islands and Caledonia. Ogasawara Islands, south to Queensland (Australia), IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). New Caledonia and Tonga. IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Oxyurichthys papuensis (Valenciennes, 1837) - Persian Gulf material: BPBM 21290 (2). Frogface goby Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Myersina filifer (Valenciennes, 1837) - Filamentous by Kuronuma & Abe (1986); subsequently reported shrimpgoby (Boshalanbo, Arabic, Kuwait) by Carpenter et al. (1997b). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and by Kuronuma & Abe (1972) as Cryptocentrus filifer; South Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to subsequently reported by Kuronuma & Abe (1986) Philippines and Society Islands (French Polynesia), as Cryptocentrus filifer, Randall (1995a) as north to southern Japan, south to New Caledonia; Cryptocentrus filifer, Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea immigrant). Cryptocentrus filifer and Bishop (2003) as IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Cryptocentrus filifer. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to Palutrus scapulopunctatus (deBeaufort, 1912) - Indonesia, north to Korea and Japan; possibly Scapular goby Réunion (western Mascarenes). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from the Persian IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Gulf by Sadeghi & Esmaeili (2019b). Persian Gulf material: UMPT 18 (1). Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: Indonesia east to Fiji and now in intertidal of the Qeshm Oligolepis acutipennis (Valenciennes 1837) - Island (Persian Gulf). Sharptail goby IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently Parachaeturichthys polynema (Bleeker, 1853) - reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969) and Kuronuma & Taileyed goby Abe (1986). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East and South by Randall et al. (1994); subsequently reported by Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Palau Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop and Vanuatu, north to southern Japan. (2003) and Zare et al. (2012). IUCN: Not evaluated (NE). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East and South Africa, Persian Gulf and Seychelles east to New Oplopomus oplopomus (Valenciennes, 1837) - Guinea, north to southern Japan, south to northern Spinecheek goby Australia. 65 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Persian Gulf material: BPBM 33378 (1). Persian Gulf material: BPBM 33208 (3). randalli Winterbottom & Burridge, 1992 - Periophthalmus waltoni Koumans, 1941 - Walton's Randall's goby (Gel Khorok, Gel-cheragh and Mahi- Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf sag, Persian; Boshalanbo, Arabic, Kuwait) in original description by Winterbottom & Burridge Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf (1992); subsequently reported by Randall (1995a) in original description by Koumans (1941); and Carpenter et al. (1997b). previously reported by Holly (1929) as Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: Persian Periophthalmus koelreuteri (non Pallas 1770); Gulf; Brunei. subsequently reported by Blegvad & Løppenthin IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). (1944) as Periophthamus waltoni and P. koelreuteri Persian Gulf material: BPBM 30461 (holotype), (non Pallas 1770), Khalaf (1961), Mahdi & Georg BPBM 33352 (3 paratypes), ROM 63343 (5 (1969) as Periophthalmus waltoni and P. koelreuteri paratypes). (non Pallas 1770), Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986), Relyea (1981) as Periophthalmus koelreuteri (non Pseudapocryptes elongatus (Cuvier 1816) - Pallas 1770), Tytler & Vaughan (1983) as (Boshalanbo, Arabic, Kuwait) Periophthalmus koelreuteri (non Pallas 1770), Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Hussain et al. (1988, 1999), Murdy (1989), Krupp by Kuronuma & Abe (1972) as Pseudapocryptes (1991) as Periophthalmus koelreuteri (non Pallas dentatus; subsequently reported by Sarker et al. 1770), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), (1980) as Pseudapocryptes dentatus, Hussain et al. Zajonz et al. (2002) as P. waltoni and P. barbarus (1988) as Pseudapocryptes dentatus, Kuronuma & (non Linnaeus 1766), Bishop (2003), Ghanbarifardi Abe (1986) as Pseudapocryptes dentatus, Hussain et et al. (2014) and Polgar et al. (2017). al. (1994) as Periophthamus dentatus and Carpenter Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian et al. (1997b) as Pseudapocryptes dentatus. Gulf to Pakistan. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Society Islands, north to China. Persian Gulf material: BMNH 2014.5.27.20-21 (2), IUCN: Least concern (LC). BPBM 30527 (4), USNM 196295 (2), USNM 297330 (3), ZMUC uncat. (4). Scartelaos tenuis (Day, 1876) - Indian Ocean slender mudskipper (Boshalanbo, Arabic, Kuwait) Priolepis cincta (Regan, 1908) - Banded reef goby Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Koumans (1941); subsequently reported by by Winterbottom & Burridge (1993) as Priolepis Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944), Mahdi (1950) as cinctus; subsequently reported by Randall et al. Boleophthalmus tenius, Khalaf (1961), Mahdi & (1994) and Carpenter et al. (1997b). Georg (1969), Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986), Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: Persian Relyea (1981) as Scartelaos viridis (non Hamilton Gulf, Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar and 1822), Murdy (1989), Krupp (1991) as Scartelaos Mascarenes east to Fiji and Tonga, north to southern viridis (non Hamilton 1822), Randall (1995a), Japan and Ogasawara Islands, south to Western Carpenter et al. (1997b), Zajonz et al. (2002) as Australia, Elizabeth and Middleton reefs, and New Scartelaos histophorus (non Valenciennes 1837), Caledonia. Zajonz et al. (2002), Bishop (2003) and Polgar et al. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). (2017). 66 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Trypauchen vagina (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) - Gulf to Pakistan. Burrowing goby IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1981.3.19.15-17 (3), by Koumans (1941); subsequently reported by SMNS 14427 (1), USNM 196244 (1), ZSI uncat. (1). Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944), Khalaf (1961), Mahdi & Georg (1969), Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Hussain Taenioides kentalleni Murdy & Randall 2002 -Kent et al. (1988), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. Allen's goby (1997b), Nasir (2000) and Murdy (2006). Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to in original description by Murdy & Randall (2002). Philippines, north to Taiwan. Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Gulf endemic. Persian Gulf material: BPBM 33186 (2), ZSI uncat. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). (1). Persian Gulf material: USNM 365692 (holotype). Valenciennea persica Hoese & Larson, 1994 - Gulf Tomiyamichthys latruncularius (Klausewitz, 1974) - goby Fan shrimp-goby Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf in original description by Hoese & Larson (1994); by Randall et al. (1994) as Flabelligobius subsequently reported by Randall (1995a), Carpenter latruncularius; subsequently reported by Randall et al. (1997a, b), Zajonz et al. (2002) and Bishop (1995a) as Flabelligobius latruncularius and (2003). Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Flabellogobius Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian latruncularius. Gulf to Masirah Island, central Oman. Distribution: Red Sea, Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). and Oman east to western Indonesia. Persian Gulf material: BPBM 21007 (holotype), IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). AMS I.27129-001 (4 paratypes), AMS I.27132-001 Persian Gulf material: BPBM 33314 (2), BPBM (1 paratype), BMNH 1988.4.26.3-4 (2 paratypes), 33348 (1). BPBM 21493 (2 paratypes), BPBM 29466 (2 paratypes), BPBM 29486 (1 paratype), BPBM 33258 Trimma winterbottomi Randall & Downing, 1994 - (1), BPBM 33405 (3), USNM 293159 (2 paratypes). Winterbottom's goby Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Valenciennea sexguttata (Valenciennes, 1837) - by Regan (1905) as Gobius townsendi; subsequently Sixspot goby reported by Randall et al. (1994), Randall (1995a), Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), Bishop (2003) and by Randall et al. (1994); subsequently reported by Winterbottom & Villa (2003). Hoese & Larson (1994), Krupp & Müller (1994), Distribution: Northern Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997a, b) and east to western Thailand. Bishop (2003). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1994.1.18.35-37 (3), Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar and BPBM 30460 (20), BPBM 30462 (1), BPBM 33271 Mascarenes east to Samoa and Tonga, north to (3), BPBM 33287 (4). Yaeyama and Ryukyu islands, south to Western Australia and Queensland (Australia) and New 67 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Caledonia. by Taher et al. (2012). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1974.1.18.22-24 (3), South Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and BMNH 1985.7.29.1-2 (2), BPBM 30430 (1), BPBM Mauritius (Mascarenes), north to southern Japan, east 33320 (8). to Philippines and Vanuatu, south to Western Australia and New South Wales (Australia). Family IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). pictum (Thunberg, 1792) - (Khannoo khakestari, Persian; Motawah, gaterinus (Fabricius [ex Forsskål] in Arabic, Kuwait) Niebuhr 1775) - Blackspotted rubberlip (Khannoo Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf zard-balleh, Persian) by Regan (1905); subsequently reported by Blegvad Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf & Løppenthin (1944) as Plectorhynchus pictus, by Basson et al. (1981) as Gaterin gaterinus, Relyea Kuronuma & Abe (1972) as Plectorhynchus pictus, (1981) as Plectorhynchus gaterinus; subsequently Smith & Saleh (1987), Krupp & Müller (1994), reported by Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982a, Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop 1982b) as Plectorhynchus gaterinus, Kuronuma & (2003), Grandcourt et al. (2006a), Jawad & Ibrahim Abe (1986), Wright (1988), Krupp (1991), Krupp & (2017b) and Ziyadi et al. (2018). Müller (1994) as Plectorhynchus gaterinus, Randall Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf and (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), Randall & Mozambique Channel east to Philippines and Fiji, Johnson (2000), Bishop (2003) and Torquato et al. north to southern Japan and Ogasawara Islands, south (2017). to southern Indonesia and New Caledonia. Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: East IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Comoros, Persian Gulf material: USNM 267090 (1), USNM Madagascar, Réunion and Mauritius (western 267138 (1). Mascarenes, now extinct in Réunion). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Plectorhinchus cinctus (Temmink & Schlegel, 1843) Persian Gulf material: BPBM 29464 (1), BPBM - Crescent sweetlips (Firsh, Arabic, Kuwait) 33259 (1), USNM 196485 (1), USNM 267136 (3), Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf USNM 404495 (2). by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Plectorhynchus Remarks: Authorship of species see Fricke (2008). cinctus; subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Gaterin cinctus, Kuronuma & Abe (1972) (Lacepède 1802) - Harry as Plectorhynchus cinctus, Relyea (1981) as hotlips Plectorhynchus cinctus, Sivasubramaniam & Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Ibrahim (1982b) as Plectorhynchus cinctus and by Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Pseudopristipoma Kuronuma & Abe (1986). nigra. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Vietnam, north to southern Japan. South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). and western Mascarenes east to Caroline Islands (Micronesia) and Society Islands, north to southern Plectorhinchus flavomaculatus (Cuvier, 1830) - Japan and Taiwan, south to Western Australia and Lemonfish (Khannoo limooei, Persian) Norfolk Island. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Not evaluated (NE). 68 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Plectorhinchus pictus (Tortonese, 1936) - Trout & Müller (1994) as Plectorhynchus schotaf and sweetlips (Khannoo Khal-siah, Persian) Taher et al. (2012). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: East by Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Spilotichthys pictus; Africa and Persian Gulf east to western India. subsequently reported by Basson et al. (1981) as IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Spilotichthys pictus and Plectorhynchus pictus, Persian Gulf material: USNM 147885 (2), USNM Relyea (1981) as Plectorhynchus pictus, 148085 (1). Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982a, 1982b) as Remarks: Authorship and year of species see Fricke Plectorhynchus pictus and P. fangi, Kuronuma & (2008). Abe (1986), Smith & Saleh (1987), Lee & Al-Baz (1989) as Plectorhynchus pictus, Krupp & Müller Plectorhinchus sordidus (Klunzinger, 1870) - Sordid (1994) as Plectorhynchus pictus, Randall (1995a), rubberlip Carpenter et al. (1997a, b) and Bishop (2003). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf, by Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982a, 1982b) as Seychelles and Mauritius east to Society Islands, Plectorhynchus sordidus; subsequently reported by north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia. Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Smith & Saleh (1987), IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Wright (1988), Krupp & Müller (1994) as Remarks: Plectorhinchus fangi Whitley 1951 is a Plectorhynchus sordidus, Randall (1995a), Carpenter junior synonym. et al. (1997a, b), Bishop (2003), Taher et al. (2012), Jawad et al. (2014a) and Ziyadi et al. (2018). Plectorhinchus playfairi (Pellegrin 1914) - Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: Persian Whitebarred rubberlip Gulf, East and South Africa to Seychelles, Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Madagascar, Réunion and Mauritius (Mascarenes). by Jawad & Ibrahim (2013). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: Gulf of Persian Gulf material: USNM 147886 (1), USNM Aden, southern Oman, Persian Gulf and East Africa 147887 (2). to Seychelles, Madagascar and Mauritius (Mascarenes). aheneus McKay & Randall 1995 - IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Yellowback grunt Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Plectorhinchus schotaf (Walbaum [ex Forsskål] by Ali & Iwatsuki (2018). 1792) - Minstrel sweetlips (Khannoo goosh- Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian ghermez, Persian; Yanam, Arabic, Kuwait) Gulf and Gulf of Oman. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Not evaluated (NE). by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Plectorhynchus Persian Gulf material: INHM 17.657.Z4 –17.662.Z4 schotaf; subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg (6), MUFS 48355-48356 (2). (1969) as Gaterin schotaf, Kuronuma & Abe (1972) as Plectorhynchus schotaf, Basson et al. (1981) as (Forsskål in Niebuhr 1775) - Plectorhynchus schotaf, Relyea (1981) as Silver grunt (Nakroor, Arabic, Kuwait) Plectorhynchus schotaf, Sivasubramaniam & Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Ibrahim (1982a, b) as Plectorhynchus schotaf, by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Pomadasys Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Smith & Saleh (1987), argentea; also reported by Misra (1947) as Abou-Seedo (1992) as Plectorhinctus schotaf, Krupp Pomadasys argyreus (non Valenciennes 1833), 69 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Bolster (1948) as Pomadsis argirous (non (Western Australia) and Queensland (Australia). Valenciennes 1833), Mahdi (1950) as Pomadasys IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). argyreus (non Valenciennes 1833), Khalaf (1961) as Pomadasys argyreus (non Valenciennes 1833), (Bloch, 1793) - Saddle grunt Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Pomadasys argyreus (non (Sangsar-e-chahar-lakkeh, Persian) Valenciennes 1833), Basson et al. (1981), Relyea Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (1981) as Pomadasys argyreus (non Valenciennes by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently 1833), Nasir (2000) as Pomadasys argyreus (non reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969), Relyea (1981), Valenciennes 1833); subsequently reported by Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Hussain et al. (1988), Khalaf (1961) as Pomadasys hasta, Mahdi & Georg Abou-Seedo (1992) as Pomadasys maculatum, (1969) as Pomadasys argentea and P. hasta, Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Pomadasys maculatum, Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986) as Pomadasys Bishop (2003) as Pomadasys maculatum and argenteus and P. hasta, Hussain et al. (1988, 1994), Dehghani (2014) as Pomadasys maculatum. Wright (1988), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East (1997b) and Nasir & Khalid (2013). Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Philippines and New Guinea, north to southern Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Japan, south to Shark Bay (Western Australia). Philippines and Vanuatu, north to southern Japan, IUCN: Least Concern (LC). south to Western Australia and New South Wales Persian Gulf material: BMNH 2014.5.27.7 (1). (Australia). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Pomadasys multimaculatus Playfair 1867 - Cock grunter (Lacepède, 1801) - Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Smallspotted grunter by Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982a, b). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Distribution: Indian Ocean: East Africa and by Relyea (1981) as Pomadasys opercularis; Madagascar east to India and northern Western subsequently reported by Carpenter et al. (1997b). Australia. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: East and South IUCN: Not evaluated (NE). Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and Seychelles east to western India. Pomadasys olivaceus (Day, 1875) - Olive grunt IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Remarks: Pristipoma operculare Playfair 1867 is a by Jawad et al. (2014a); subsequently reported by junior synonym. Ziyadi et al. (2018). Distribution: Southeastern Atlantic: Namibia; Indian (Cuvier, 1830) - Javelin grunter Ocean: East Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar (Sangsar-e-maamooli, Persian) east to Andaman Sea. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). by Randall (1995a); subsequently reported by Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003), Valinassab Pomadasys punctulatus (Rüppell, 1838) - Lined et al. (2006) and Dehghani (2014). grunt Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to by Jawad et al. (2014a). Philippines, north to Japan, south to Exmouth Gulf Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: 70 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Oman to Persian Gulf. (Neyzeh-mahi-e-syah, Persian) IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Guly by Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Makaira indica. Pomadasys stridens (Forsskål in Niebuhr 1775) - Distribution: Tropical and temperate Indo-Pacific, Striped piggy (Sangsar-e-mokhattat, Persian) straying into eastern Atlantic. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Data deficient (DD). by Regan (1905) as Pristipoma stridens; subsequently reported by Blegvad & Løppenthin Kajikia audax (Philippi, 1887) - Striped marlin (1944), Khalaf (1961), Mahdi & Georg (1969), Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Basson et al. (1981), Relyea (1981) as Rhoniscus by Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Tetrapturus audax. stridens, Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b) as Distribution: Tropical and temperate Indo-Pacific, Rhonciscus stridens, Kuronuma & Abe (1986), straying into southeastern Atlantic. Abou-Seedo (1992), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et IUCN: Near Threatened (NT). al. (1997b), Bishop (2003), Taher et al. (2012), Nasir & Khalid (2013) and Hoveizavi et al. (2016). Family Kyphosidae Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: East cinerascens (Forsskål in Niebuhr 1775) - and South Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east Blue sea chub to western India; Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf immigrant). by Carpenter et al. (1997b). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Distribution: South Atlantic; Red Sea, Indo-West Persian Gulf material: UMPT 06 (2), UMPT 10 (5), Pacific: East Africa, Persian Gulf, Aldabra, UMPT 13 (34), UMPT 16 (4), UMPT 17 (9), UMPT Comoros, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to 18 (4), UMPT 19 (2), UMPT 20 (7), USNM 147865 Hawaiian Islands, Line Islands and Easter Island, (1), USNM 147879 (22), USNM 267082 (5), USNM north to southern Japan, south to Western Australia, 267085 (1), USNM 267113 (8). Lord Howe Island, New Caledonia and Austral Islands. Family Istiophoridae IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Istiophorus platypterus (Shaw, 1792) - Indo-Pacific sailfish (Badban-mahi, Persian) Family Labridae Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf macrognathos (Morris 1974) - Giant by Nader & Jawdat (1977) as Istiophorus gladius; hogfish subsequently reported by Basson et al. (1981) as Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Istiophorus gladius, Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim by Jawad & Al-Badri (2015); subsequently reported (1982b), Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Randall (1995a) by Jawad & Ibrahim (2017b). and Carpenter et al. (1997b). Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: East Africa, Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm Gulf of Oman and Persian Gulf east to Pakistan. temperate seas. IUCN: Least Concern (LC). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Persian Gulf material: BRC 168 (1). lunulatus (Forsskål in Niebuhr 1775) - Remarks: gladius Bloch 1793 is a junior Broomtail (Zomorrod-mahi-e-domjaroobi, synonym. Persian) Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Istiompax indica (Cuvier, 1832) - Black marlin by Krupp & Müller (1994); subsequently reported by 71 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Parenti & previously reported by Regan (1905) as Platyglossus Randall (2000) and Jawad & Hussain (2014). hyrtelii (non Bleeker 1856), Kuronuma & Abe Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: (1972) as Pseudojulis trifasciatus (non Weber 1913), Gulf of Oman to Persian Gulf. Relyea (1981) as Halichoeres hyrtli (non Bleeker IUCN: Least Concern (LC). 1856) and Pseudojulis trifasciatus (non Weber 1913), Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Halichoeres hyrtlii (non Choerodon gymnogenys (Playfair & Günther, 1867) Bleeker 1856); subsequently reported by Randall - Zanzibar tuskfish (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Parenti & Randall Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (2000) and Bishop (2003). by Gomon (2017). Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: East Africa and Gulf endemic. Persian Gulf east to Seychelles and Saya de Malha IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Bank. Persian Gulf material: BPBM 34458 (holotype), IUCN: Least Concern (LC). BMNH 1994.4.11.1-2 (2 paratypes), BPBM 33321 (2 Persian Gulf material: MCZ 14344 (2). paratypes), BPBM 34476 (1 paratype), BPBM 34483 (2 paratypes), BPBM 34487 (1 paratype), BPBM Choerodon robustus (Günther, 1862) - Robust 36312 (6 paratypes), CAS 81378 (3 paratypes), tuskfish MTUF-P 20527 (1 paratype), SMF 27032 (3 Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf paratypes), USNM 329426 (2 paratypes). by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Xiphocheilus Halichoeres marginatus Rüppell, 1835 - Dusky robustus, Relyea (1981), Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as wrasse Xiphocheilus robustus, Randall (1995a), Carpenter et Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf al. (1997b) and Gomon (2017). by Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall et al. (1994); Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and subsequently reported by Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar Bishop (2003) and Buchanan et al. (2015). and western Mascarenes; Indonesia; Taiwan to Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: Gulf of southern Japan. Oman and Persian Gulf east to French Polynesia and IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Pitcairn Island, north to southern Japan, south to Persian Gulf material: BPBM 21188 (1), USNM northern Australia and New Caledonia. 267080 (1). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1994.1.18.11-14 (4), Coris nigrotaenia Mee & Hare 1995 - Blackbar coris BPBM 30427 (3), BPBM 33288 (1), BPBM 33322 Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (2), BPBM 33381 (1). by Jawad & Al-Badri (2015). Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Halichoeres nigrescens (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) - Gulf to Oman. Bubblefin wrasse IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Regan (1905) as Platyglossus roseus and Halichoeres leptotaenia Randall & Earle, 1994 - P. dussumieri; subsequently reported by Kuronuma Yellowstriped wrasse & Abe (1986), Randall (1995a) as Halichoeres Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf dussumieri and Carpenter et al. (1997b) as in original description by Randall & Earle (1994); Halichoeres dussumieri. 72 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: South and East junior synonym. Africa, Persian Gulf, Mozambique Channel, Madagascar and Persian Gulf to Philippines, north to Iniistius bimaculatus (Rüppell, 1829) - Two-spot Taiwan, south to northern Australia. razorfish IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Remark: Halichoeres dussumieri (Valenciennes, by Randall (1995a) as Xyrichtys bimaculatus; 1839) and Platyglossus roseus Day 1888 are junior subsequently reported by Carpenter et al. (1997b) as synonyms. Xyricthys bimaculatus, Parenti & Randall (2000) as Xyrichtys bimaculatus and Bishop (2003) as Halichoeres stigmaticus Randall & Smith, 1982 - U- Xyrichtys bimaculatus. spot wrasse Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: Persian Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf Gulf east to Papua New Guinea, Sulawesi and in original description by Randall & Smith (1982); Indonesia. subsequently reported by Smith & Saleh (1987), IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), Parenti & Randall (2000) and Larabicus quadrilineatus (Rüppell, 1835) - Fourline Bishop (2003). wrasse Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Gulf and Gulf of Oman. by Krupp & Müller (1994). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf material: BPBM 21241 (holotype), Gulf of Aden, Persian Gulf. ANSP 144093 (1 paratype), BMNH 1980.5.20.4 (1 IUCN: Data deficient (DD). paratype), BMNH 2014.5.27.25 (1), BPBM 20976 (2 paratypes), BPBM 20977 (3 paratypes), BPBM Labroides dimidiatus (Valenciennes, 1839) - 21250 (4 paratypes), BPBM 21314 (1 paratype), Bluestreak cleaner wrasse BPBM 22957 (3 paratypes), CAS 46031 (1 Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf paratype), MNHN 1980-1305 (1 paratype), SAIAB by Basson et al. (1981), Relyea (1981); subsequently 444 (1 paratype), USNM 147906 (42), USNM reported by Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Wright (1988), 147907 (40), USNM 147908 (1), USNM 147909 Krupp & Müller (1994), Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), (28), USNM 221541 (1 paratype). Bishop (2003) and Torquato et al. (2017). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Halichoeres zeylonicus (Bennett, 1833) - Goldstripe Africa, South Africa, Seychelles, Madagascar and wrasse Mascarenes east to Wake Atoll and Pitcairn Group, Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf north to southern Japan, south to Western Australia, by Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Halichoeres Lord Howe Island and Rapa. bimaculatus; subsequently reported by Wright (1988) IUCN: Least Concern (LC). and Edwin (2012). Distribution: Red Sea, Indian Ocean: East Africa, Leptojulis cyanopleura (Bleeker, 1853) - Shoulder- Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to western spot wrasse Indonesia. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Least Concern (LC). by Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall et al. (1994); Persian Gulf material: UMPT 09 (1). subsequently reported by Randall (1995a), Randall Remarks: Halichoeres bimaculatus Rüppell 1835 is a (1996), Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), Parenti & Randall 73 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

(2000) and Bishop (2003). Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), Randall (2000) and Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to Bishop (2003). Philippines and Solomon Islands, south to northern Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Australia. South Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Philippines and Solomon Islands, north to southern Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1994.1.18.38-41 (4), Japan, south to Australia. BPBM 30421 (1), BPBM 30464 (8), BPBM 33272 IUCN: Least Concern (LC). (2), BPBM 33323 (4), BPBM 34484 (7). Persian Gulf material: BPBM 30431 (1), BPBM 33324 (3), UMPT 09 (1), USNM 147905 (1). Paracheilinus mccoskeri Randall & Harmelin- Vivien, 1977 - McCosker's flasher Suezichthys caudavittatus (Steindachner, 1898) - Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Spottail wrasse by Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall et al. (1994); Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf subsequently reported by Randall (1995a), Carpenter by Russell (1985) as Suezichthys caudovittatus; et al. (1997a, b), Parenti & Randall (2000), Bishop subsequently reported by Randall (1995a) as (2003) and Allen & Erdmann (2016). Suezichthys caudovittatus, Carpenter et al. (1997b) Distribution: Indian Ocean: East Africa, Oman, as Suezichthys caudovittatus and Parenti & Randall Persian Gulf and Comoros east to western Indonesia. (2000). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1994.1.18.15-17 (3), Somalia, Persian Gulf. BPBM 30441 (5), BPBM 30465 (7), BPBM 33355 IUCN: Least Concern (LC). (8), BPBM 34485 (5). Suezichthys gracilis (Steindachner & Doderlein, Pteragogus flagellifer (Valenciennes, 1839) - 1887) - Slender wrasse Cocktail wrasse Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Randall et al. (1994); subsequently reported by by Randall et al. (1994); subsequently reported by Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), Parenti & Randall (2000) Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Edwin and Bishop (2003). (2012). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf; Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Vietnam to southern Japan; southeastern Australia to South Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and New Caledonia. Mauritius (Mascarenes) east to New Guinea and IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Vanuatu, north to southern Japan, south to northern Persian Gulf material: BPBM 33230 (1). Western Australia, Queensland (Australia) and New Caledonia. Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus, 1758) - Moon wrasse IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Persian Gulf material: BPBM 30313 (6). by Mahdi & Georg (1969); subsequently reported by Basson et al. (1981), Relyea (1981), Kuronuma & Stethojulis interrupta (Bleeker, 1851) - Cutribbon Abe (1986), Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall wrasse (Meelaz, Aabic, Kuwait) (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), Parenti & Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Randall (2000), Bishop (2003) and Torquato et al. by Kuronuma & Abe (1972); subsequently reported (2017). by Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Wright (1988), Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East 74 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Line and Samoa, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to Islands, Tuamotu Archipelago and Gambier Islands, Exmouth Gulf (Western Australia), Queensland north to southern Japan, south to Western Australia, (Australia) and New Caledonia. New South Wales (Australia), New Caledonia, Lord IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Howe, Norfolk and Kermadec Islands, northern New Persian Gulf material: BRC 159 (1). Zealand and Tonga. IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Deveximentum insidiator (Bloch 1787) - Pugnose ponyfish (Panjzari-e-kajpoozeh, Persian) Family Lactariidae Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Lactarius lactarius (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) - False by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as trevally (Gish-e-dorooghin, Persian) insidiator; subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (1969) as , Nader & Jawdat (1977) by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently as Secutor insidiator, Relyea (1981) as Leiognathus reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969), Kuronuma & insidiator, Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Secutor Abe (1986), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. insidiator, Randall (1995a) as Secutor insidiator, (1997b), Bishop (2003) and Valinassab et al. (2006). Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Secutor insidiator and Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Bishop (2003) as Secutor insidiator. Africa, Oman, Persian Gulf and Mauritius Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East (Mascarenes) east to Fiji, north to southern Japan, Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to eastern south to Queensland (Australia). Indonesia and Solomon Islands, south to Exmouth IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Gulf (Western Australia) and Queensland (Australia) and New Caledonia. Family Latidae IUCN: Not evaluated (NE). Lates calcarifer (Bloch, 1790) - Barramundi Persian Gulf material: BRC 173 (1). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: India east to Indonesia, south to northern Australia; introduced Equulites elongatus (Günther, 1874) - Slender elsewhere. ponyfish IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Leiognathus Family elongatus; subsequently reported by Jawad & Aurigequula fasciata (Lacepede, 1803) - Striped Hussain (2014). ponyfish (Siny, Arabic, Kuwait) Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles and Madagascar east by Kuronuma & Abe (1972) as Leiognathus to Philippines and New Guinea (and possibly Fiji), fasciatus; subsequently reported by Nader & Jawdat north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia. (1977) as Leiognathus fasciatus, Relyea (1981) as IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Leiognathus fasciatus, Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b) as Leiognathus fasciatus, Kuronuma & Abe Equulites oblongus (Valenciennes, 1835) - Oblong (1986) as Leiognathus fasciatus and Valinassab et al. ponyfish (2006) as Leiognathus fasciatus. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East by Randall (1995a) as Leiognathus oblongus; Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Comoros, subsequently reported by Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Palau, Tonga Leiognathus oblongus and Bishop (2003) as 75 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Leiognathus oblongus. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf and South Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Oman east to Philippines and eastern Indonesia. Philippines and Society Islands, north to Ryukyu IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Islands, south to northwestern Australia, Queensland (Australia), New Caledonia and Tonga. Equulites lineolatus (Valenciennes, 1835) - Ornate IUCN: Least concern (LC). ponyfish (Panjzari-e-mozayyan, Persian) Persian Gulf material: UMPT 13 (2), UMPT 15 (1). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Leiognathus daura (Cuvier, 1829) - Goldstripe ponyfish lineolatus; subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (1969) as Leiognathus lineolatus, Relyea (1981) as by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Leiognathus Leiognathus lineolatus, Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as daurus; subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg Leiognathus lineolatus, Krupp & Müller (1994) as (1969) as Leiognathus daura, Relyea (1981) as Leiognathus lineolatus and Dehghani (2014) as Leiognathus daurus, Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Leiognathus lineolatus. Leiognathus daura and Dehghani (2014) as Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East and South Leiognathus dussumieri (non Valenciennes 1835). Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Gulf of Aden, Gulf Philippines and New Caledonia, north to southern of Oman and Persian Gulf east to Philippines and Japan, south to northern Australia. eastern Indonesia. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Persian Gulf material: UMPT 05 (9), UMPT 06 (27), Persian Gulf Material: USNM 196500 (1), USNM UMPT 07 (125), UMPT 08 (8), UMPT 09 (1), UMPT 196501 (3). 13 (15), UMPT 14 (23), UMPT 16 (21), UMPT 18 (2), UMPT 19 (6). Leiognathus equulus (Forsskål in Niebuhr 1775) - Common ponyfish (Panjzari-e-bozorg, Persian) Eubleekeria splendens (Cuvier 1829) - Splendid Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf ponyfish by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969), Nader & Jawdat by Nader & Jawdat (1977) as Leiognathus splendens; (1977) as Leiognathus equula, Relyea (1981), subsequently reported by Relyea (1981) as Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Randall (1995a), Leiognathus splendens. Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Bishop (2003). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and Mascarenes Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Comoros, east to Philippines and Fiji, north to Ryukyu Islands Madagascar and Mascarenes east to eastern Caroline and Taiwan, south to Kimberleys (Western Islands, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to Western Australia), Queensland (Australia) and New Australia, Queensland (Australia), New Caledonia Caledonia. and Fiji. IUCN: Least concern (LC). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Persian Gulf material: BRC 172 (1). Persian Gulf material: BRC 158 (1), SMNS 14428 (1), UMPT 06 (70), UMPT 07 (412). Gazza minuta (Bloch 1795) - Toothpony Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Nuchequula gerreoides (Bleeker, 1851) - Decorated by Kuronuma & Abe (1986). ponyfish 76 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (non Forster 1801) or Lethrinus miniatus (non Forster by Abou-Seedo (1992) as Leiognathus decorus; 1801) by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944), Mahdi & subsequently reported by Randall (1995a) as Georg (1969), Basson et al. (1981) and Leiognathus decorus, Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982a, 1982b) cannot Leiognathus decorus, Zajonz et al. (2002) as be identified. A Persian Gulf record of Lethrinus Leiognathus decorus, Bishop (2003) as Leiognathus striatus Steindachner 1866 (a junior synonym of decorus, Kimura et al. (2008) and Dehghani (2014) Lethrinus erythropterus Valenciennes 1830) by as Leiognathus blochii (non Valenciennes 1835). Regan (1905) as Lethrinus striatus needs verification. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf and Oman east to Philippines and New Guinea, north to Gymnocranius grandoculis (Valenciennes 1830) - Taiwan, south to northern Australia. Blue-lined large-eye bream IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1988.2.29.68-73 (6). by Al-Marzouqi et al. (2018) as Gymnocranius cf. Remark: Leiognathus decorus (De Vis, 1884) is a grandoculis. junior synonym. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Seychelles, Comores, Madagascar and Photopectoralis bindus (Valenciennes, 1835) - Mascarenes east to Marshall Islands, Line Islands Orangefin ponyfish (Panjzari-e-balehnaranji, and Marquesas Islands, north to southern Japan, Persian; Siny, Arabic, Kuwait) south to Western Australia, Queensland (Australia), Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf New Caledonia and Tonga. by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Leiognathus IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). bindus; subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Leiognathus bindus, Kuronuma & Abe Lethrinus borbonicus Valenciennes, 1830 - Snubnose (1972, 1986) as Leiognathus bindus, Relyea (1981) emperor as Leiognathus bindus, Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (1982b) as Leiognathus bindus, Hussain et al. (1988, by Carpenter & Allen (1989); subsequently reported 1994) as Leiognathus bindus, Wright (1988) as by Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall (1995a), Leiognathus brevirostris, Krupp & Müller (1994) as Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), Bishop (2003), Torquato Leiognathus bindus, Randall (1995a) as Leiognathus et al. (2017) and Ziyadi et al. (2018). bindus, Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Leiognathus Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: Persian bindus, Nasir (2000) as Leiognathus bindus, Bishop Gulf, Gulf of Oman, Gulf of Aden and East Africa to (2003) as Leiognathus bindus, Dehghani (2014) as Seychelles, Madagascar, Réunion, Mauritius and Leiognathus bindus and Hoveizavi et al. (2016). Rodrigues (Mascarenes). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: Gulf of IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Aden, Gulf of Oman and Persian Gulf east to Persian Gulf material: USNM 147880 (31), USNM Philippines and Fiji, north to Taiwan, south to 147881 (17), USNM 147882 (3), USNM 267096 (1), Western Australia and New Caledonia. USNM 349354 (1), USNM 349355 (1). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Persian Gulf material: UMPT 06 (1), USNM 267083 Lethrinus erythracanthus Valenciennes, 1830 - (6), USNM 267092 (3), USNM 267111 (2). Orange-spotted emperor (Sheiry, Arabic, Kuwait) Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Family Lethrinidae by Kuronuma & Abe (1972) as Lethrinus kallopterus; Remarks: Persian Gulf records of Lethrinella miniata subsequently reported by Relyea (1981) as Lethrinus 77 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

kallopterus, Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982a, Seychelles and Mascarenes east to Sri Lanka. 1982b) as Lethrinus kallopterus and Kuronuma & IUCN: Not evaluated (NE). Abe (1986) as Lethrinus kallopterus. Remarks: Authorship of species see Fricke (2008). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar and Mauritius Lethrinus microdon Valenciennes, 1830 - Smalltooth (Mascarenes) east to Marshall Islands and Tuamotu emperor (Shehri-e-derazsoorat-e-ghahvehei, Archipelago, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to Persian) Western Australia, Queensland (Australia), New Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Caledonia and Tonga. by Smith & Saleh (1987) as Lethrinus elongatus; IUCN: Least Concern (LC). subsequently reported by Carpenter & Allen (1989), Remarks: Lethrinus kallopterus Bleeker 1856 is a Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall (1995a), Carpenter junior synonym. et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003) and Dehghani (2014). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Lethrinus lentjan (Lacepède, 1802) - Pink ear Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar and emperor and Australian emperor (Shehri-e-goosh- Mascarenes east to Palau and New Guinea, north to ghermez, Persian; Sheiry, Arabic, Kuwait) southern Japan, south to Western Australia. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Least Concern (LC). by Basson et al. (1981); previously reported by Persian Gulf material: SMNS 14390 (4), USNM Kuronuma & Abe (1972) as Lethrinus fletus (non 349292 (1). Whitley 1943), Relyea (1981) as Lethrinus fletus Remarks: Lethrinus elongatus Valenciennes 1830 is (non Whitley 1943); subsequently reported by a junior synonym. Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982a, b), Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Lethrinus fletus (non Whitley 1943) Lethrinus nebulosus (Forsskål in Niebuhr 1775) - and L. lentjan, Smith & Saleh (1987), Carpenter & Spangled emperor (Sheiry, Arabic, Kuwait) Allen (1989), Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003), by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently Taher et al. (2012) and Ziyadi et al. (2018). reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969), Kuronuma & Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Abe (1972, 1986), Basson et al. (1981), Relyea Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar and (1981), Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982a, b), Mauritius (Mascarenes) east to Marshall Islands and Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Lethrinus genivittatus Tonga, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to Western (non Valenciennes 1830), Smith & Saleh (1987), Australia, Queensland (Australia), Lord Howe Island Carpenter & Allen (1989), Lee & Al-Baz (1989), and New Caledonia. Krupp & Müller (1994), Carpenter et al. (1997a, IUCN: Least Concern (LC). 1997b), Bishop (2003), Grandcourt et al. (2006a), Persian Gulf material: SMNS 14389 (4), UMPT 09 Taher et al. (2012), Nasir & Khalid (2013) as (1), USNM 147884 (9), USNM 267123 (5). Lethpinus nebulosus, Dehghani (2014), Jabado et al. (2015a), Jawad & Ibrahim (2017b, 2018a) and Ziyadi Lethrinus mahsena (Fabricius [ex Forsskål] in et al. (2018). Niebuhr 1775) - Sky emperor Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar by Taher et al. (2012). and Mascarenes east to Samoa and Tonga, north to Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: East southern Japan and Ogasawara Islands, south to Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar, Aldabra, Western Australia, New South Wales (Australia) and 78 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Lord Howe Island and New Caledonia. temperate seas, except for eastern Pacific. IUCN: Least Concern (LC). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Persian Gulf material: UMPT 06 (19), UMPT 07 (1), UMPT 08 (2), UMPT 09 (5), UMPT 12 (2, 54), Family Lutjanidae USNM 147883 (4), USNM 148086 (1), USNM Aprion virescens Valenciennes, 1830 - 226506 (1), USNM 349370 (1). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Relyea (1981); subsequently reported by Allen Lethrinus olivaceus Valenciennes, 1830 - Longface (1985) and Kuronuma & Abe (1986). emperor Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Persian Status in Persian Gulf: New record of this taxon from Gulf, Mozambique Channel, Seychelles, Comoros, Persian Gulf; previously recorded by Relyea (1981) Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Hawaiian as Lethrinus miniatus (non Forster 1801) and Islands and Marquesas Islands, north to southern Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Lethrinus miniatus (non Japan, south to Western Australia, New South Wales Forster 1801). (Australia), New Caledonia, Lord Howe Island, and Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Tonga. Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Marshall IUCN: Least Concern (LC). and northern Line Islands and Henderson Island (Pitcairn Group), north to Ryukyu Islands (southern carbunculus Cuvier, 1828 - Deep-water red Japan), south to Western Australia, Queensland snapper (Australia), New Caledonia and Tonga. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Least Concern (LC). by Allen (1985). Persian Gulf material: UMPT 06 (2), UMPT 12 (1). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Persian Gulf, Comores, Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar Monotaxis grandoculis (Forsskål in Niebuhr1775) - and Mascarenes east to Hawaiian Islands, Line Humpnose bigeye bream Islands and Austral Islands, north to southern Japan, Status in Persian Gulf: New record from the Persian south to off Kimberleys (Western Australia), New Gulf, based on SMNS 14404 (1) from Iraq. Caledonia, northern New Zealand, and Tonga. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Africa, Seychelles, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Hawaiian Islands, Line Islands and Pitcairn Group, argentimaculatus (Forsskål in Niebuhr north to southern Japan, south to Western Australia 1775) - (Sorkhoo harra, and Queensland (Australia), New Caledonia, Tonga, Persian) Austral Islands and Gambier Islands. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Least concern (LC). by Mahdi & Georg (1969); subsequently reported by Persian Gulf material: SMNS 14404 (1). Relyea (1981), Allen (1985), Allen & Talbot (1985), Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Allen & Steene (1987), Family Lobotidae Smith & Saleh (1987), Krupp & Müller (1994), Lobotes surinamensis (Bloch, 1790) - Tripletail Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003), Sadighzadeh Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf et al. (2012) and Taher et al. (2012). by Mahdi & Georg (1969); subsequently reported by Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Carpenter et al. (1997b) Africa, Persian Gulf, Mozambique Channel, and Bishop (2003). Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar and western Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm Mascarenes east to Kiribati (Line Islands) and 79 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Society Islands, north to southern Japan, south to Abe (1972, 1986), Basson et al. (1981), Relyea Western Australia, New South Wales (Australia), (1981), Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982a, b), and Tonga; Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea immigrant). Allen (1985), Allen & Talbot (1985), Smith & Saleh IUCN: Least Concern (LC). (1987) as Lutjanus fulviflammus, Krupp & Müller Persian Gulf material: USNM 147874 (2), USNM (1994), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), 147896 (1). Bishop (2003), Grandcourt et al. (2006b), Sadighzadeh et al. (2012), Torquato et al. (2017) and Lutjanus ehrenbergii (Peters, 1869) - Blackspot Ziyadi et al. (2018). snapper Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Africa, Persian Gulf, Mozambique Channel, by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Lutjanus Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar and Mascarenes ehrenbergi; subsequently reported by Mahdi & east to Philippines, Samoa and Tonga, north to Georg (1969) as Lutjanus ehrenbergi, Relyea (1981) Taiwan and Ryukyu Islands (southern Japan), south as Lutjanus ehrenbergi, Smith & Saleh (1987) as to Western Australia, New South Wales (Australia), Lutjanus ehrenbergi, Randall (1995a), Carpenter et Lord Howe Island and New Caledonia. al. (1997b), Bishop (2003) as Lutjanus ehrenbergi, IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Sadighzadeh et al. (2012) and Taher et al. (2012) as Persian Gulf material: UMPT 12 (1), USNM 147604 Lutjanus ehrenbergi. (1), USNM 147876 (1), USNM 147877 (16), USNM Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East 148115 (2). Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Caroline Islands and Fiji, north to Ryukyu Islands and Taiwan, (Forster 1801) - Blacktail snapper south to Northern Territory (Australia). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Least Concern (LC). by Mahdi (1950); subsequently reported by Menon (1960), Khalaf (1961), Mahdi & Georg (1969) and Bloch, 1790 - Crimson Kuronuma & Abe (1986). snapper (Sorkhoo-e-khooni, Persian) Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Persian Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Gulf, Mozambique Channel, Aldabra, Comoros, by Regan (1905) as Mesoprion annularis and Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Hawaiian M. erythropterus; subsequently reported by Islands, Line Islands (Kiribati) and Marquesas Sadighzadeh et al. (2012) and Dehghani (2014). Islands, north to southern Japan, south to Queensland Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf and (Australia), Norfolk Island and Rapa, introduced to Gulf of Oman east to Philippines and Samoa, north Hawaiian Islands. to Ryukyu Islands and southern Japan, south to IUCN: Least concern (LC). Western Australia, Queensland (Australia), Solomon Islands, and New Caledonia. Lutjanus gibbus (Forsskål in Niebuhr 1775) - IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). (Hamrah, Arabic, Kuwait) Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (Forsskål in Niebuhr 1775) - by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Lutjanus Dory snapper (Sorkhoo zard-e-khal-syah, Persian; coccineus; subsquently reported by Mahdi & Georg Naisarah, Arabic, Kuwait) (1969) as Lutjanus coccineus, Kuronuma & Abe Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (1972, 1986) as Lutjanus coccineus and L. gibbus, by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently Relyea (1981) as Lutjanus coccineus and Lee & Al- reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969), Kuronuma & Baz (1989) as Lutjanus coccineus. 80 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East (Bloch, 1792) - John's snapper Africa, Persian Gulf, Mozambique Channel, (Sorkhoo-e-maamooli, Persian; Naisarah, Arabic, Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar and western Kuwait) Mascarenes east to Hawaiian Islands and Line Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Islands (Kiribati), north to southern Japan, south to by Mahdi & Georg (1969); subsequently reported by Western Australia, Queensland (Australia), New Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986) as Lutjanus johni, Caledonia and Tonga. Carpenter et al. (1997b), Basson et al. (1981) as IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Lutjanus johni, Relyea (1981) as Lutjanus johni, Remark: Lutjanus coccineus (Cuvier, 1828) is a Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982a, 1982b) as junior synonym. Lutjanus johni, Bishop (2003), Valinassab et al. (2006) as Lutjanus johni, Sadighzadeh et al. (2012, Lutjanus indicus Allen, White & Erdmann 2013 - 2014) and Dehghani (2014) as Lutjanus johni. Indian snapper (Sorkhoo hasht-khat, Persian) Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Persian Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf Gulf, Mozambique Channel, Seychelles, Madagascar in original description by Allen et al. (2013); and Mascarenes (Mauritius and Rodrigues) east to previously reported by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) Philippines and Fiji, north to Ryukyu Islands, south as Lutjanus russelli (non Bleeker 1849); to Kimberleys (Western Australia) and Queensland subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969) as (Australia) and New Caledonia. Lutjanus russelli (non Bleeker 1849), Relyea (1981) IUCN: Least Concern (LC). as Lutjanus russelli (non Bleeker 1849), Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982a, 1982b) as Lutjanus kasmira (Fabricius [ex Forsskål] in Niebuhr Lutjanus russelli (non Bleeker 1849), Allen (1985) as 1775) - Common bluestripe snapper (Naisarah, (non Bleeker 1849), Allen & Arabic, Kuwait) Talbot (1985) as Lutjanus russellii (non Bleeker Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf 1849), Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Lutjanus russelli by Kuronuma & Abe (1972); subsequently reported (non Bleeker 1849), Krupp & Müller (1994) as by Relyea (1981), Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim Lutjanus russelli (non Bleeker 1849), Randall (1982b) and Kuronuma & Abe (1986). (1995a) as Lutjanus russelli (non Bleeker 1849), Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Carpenter et al. (1997a, 1997b) as Lutjanus russelli Africa, Persian Gulf, Mozambique Channel, (non Bleeker 1849), Bishop (2003) as Lutjanus Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar and Mascarenes russelli (non Bleeker 1849), Sadighzadeh et al. east to Hawaiian Islands, Line Islands (Kiribati) and (2012) as Lutjanus russellii (non Bleeker 1849), Pitcairn Group, north to southern Japan and Dehghani (2014) as Lutjanus russeli (non Bleeker Ogasawara Islands, south to off Western Australia, 1849), Torquato et al. (2017) and Ziyadi et al. (2018) New Caledonia, Lord Howe Island, Kermadec as Lutjanus russellii (non Bleeker 1849). Islands and Rapa. Distribution: Red Sea, Indian Ocean: East Africa, IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Comoros, Madagascar and western Mascarenes east Remarks: Authorship of species name see Fricke to Andaman Sea. (2008). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Persian Gulf material: BPBM 29448 (1 paratype), (Valenciennes, 1828) - USNM 148084 (1), WAM P.25986-001 (1 paratype), Yellowstreaked snapper (Sorkhoo mokhattat-e-zard, WAM P.25987-008 (1 paratype). Persian) Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf 81 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Lutjanus (1986), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), janthinuropterus; subsequently reported by Mahdi & Bishop (2003), Valinassab et al. (2006), Sadighzadeh Georg (1969) as Lutjanus janthinuropterus, et al. (2012) and Torquato et al. (2017). Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Lutjanus Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Gulf of Aden, Gulf janthinuropterus and Sadighzadeh et al. (2012). of Oman and Persian Gulf east to Palau, Fiji and Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Gulf of Aden, Gulf Tonga, north to southern Japan, south to Western of Oman and Persian Gulf east to Philippines and Australia, New South Wales (Australia) and New New Guinea, north to Taiwan, south to Western Caledonia. Australia and Queensland (Australia). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Remarks: Has been referred to as Lutjanus (Cuvier, 1828) - One-spot janthinuropterus and Lutjanus rangus (a junior snapper synonym of ) by previous authors. Status in Persian Gulf: New record from Persian Gulf, based on USNM 267086 (1), USNM 267118 Lutjanus lutjanus Bloch, 1790 - (7) from off . (Sorkhoo chashm-dorosht, Persian; Naisarah, Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Arabic, Kuwait) Africa, Persian Gulf, Mozambique Channel, Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Seychelles, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Lutjanus Kiribati (Line Islands) and Pitcairn, north to southern lineolatus; subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg Japan, south to off northwestern Australia, (1969) as Lutjanus lineolatus, Kuronuma & Abe Queensland (Australia), New Caledonia and Rapa. (1972, 1986) as Lutjanus lineolatus, Relyea (1981) as IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Lutjanus lineolatus, Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim Persian Gulf material: USNM 267086 (1), USNM (1982a, 1982b) as Lutjanus lineolatus, Allen (1985), 267118 (7). Allen & Talbot (1985), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003), Sadighzadeh et al. (2012) (Bloch, 1790) - Five-lined and Jabado et al. (2015a). snapper (Sorkhoo panj-khat, Persian) Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Africa and Persian Gulf east to Philippines, Vanuatu by Allen & Talbot (1985); subsequently reported by and Tonga, north to southern Japan, south to Western Allen (1985), Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Krupp & Australia and Queensland (Australia). Müller (1994), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. IUCN: Least Concern (LC). (1997b), Bishop (2003) and Taher et al. (2012). Persian Gulf material: USNM 267077 (3), USNM Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to 267079 (4), USNM 298309 (1). Fiji, north to southern Japan, south to Lord Howe Remarks: Often referred to as Lutjanus lineolatus by Island. previous authors. IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Remarks. This species has been referred to as (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) - Lutjanus spilurus. Malabar blood snapper (Sorkhoo malabari, Persian) Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (Cuvier, 1828) - Blubberlip by Mahdi & Georg (1969); subsequently reported by snapper (Sorkhoo ghahvehee and Sorkhoo Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982a, 1982b), Allen ghahvohei, Persian) (1985), Allen & Talbot (1985), Kuronuma & Abe Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf 82 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

by Relyea (1981); subsequently reported by Gulf east to Philippines, Papua New Guinea and Fiji, Kuronuma & Abe (1986) and Sadighzadeh et al. north to Taiwan. (2012). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Persian Gulf material: BPBM 29461 (3). Africa, Persian Gulf, Mozambique Channel, Seychelles, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to filamentosus (Valenciennes, 1830) - Palau and Society Islands, north to southern Japan, Crimson jobfish south to Western Australia, Queensland (Australia), Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf New Caledonia and Tonga. by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Aprion IUCN: Least Concern (LC). microlepis; subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Aprion macrolepis, Relyea (1981) as Lutjanus sanguineus (Cuvier, 1828) - Humphead Aprion microlepis, Allen (1985), Kuronuma & Abe snapper (1986) as Pristipomoides microlepis and Carpenter et Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf al. (1997b). by Mahdi & Georg (1969); subsequently reported by Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Basson et al. (1981), Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim Africa, Persian Gulf, Mozambique Channel, (1982a, b), Allen (1985), Allen & Talbot (1985), Comores, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Randall (1995a) and Hawaiian Islands and Society Islands, north to Carpenter et al. (1997b). southern Japan, south to off northwestern Australia, Distribution: Red Sea, Western Indian Ocean: East New South Wales (Australia) and Kermadec Islands. and South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles and IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Madagascar east to western India. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). (Day 1870) - Goldbanded jobfish Lutjanus sapphirolineatus Iwatsuki, Al-Mamry & Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Heemstra 2016 - Blueline snapper (Sorkhoo bangali, by Allen (1985). Persian) Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Status in Persian Gulf: New record from Persian Africa, Persian Gulf and Réunion (western Gulf; previously reported by Kuronuma & Abe Mascarenes) east to Samoa, north to southern Japan, (1986) as Lutjanus bengalensis (non Bloch 1790). south to northern Australia Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: East IUCN: Least concern (LC). Africa to Persian Gulf. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). (Bleeker, 1855) - Lavender Persian Gulf material: USNM 385842 (4). jobfish Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf pinjalo (Bleeker, 1850) - Pinjalo (Sorkhoo by Allen (1985). kajpoolak, Persian) Distribution: Southeastern Atlantic: Vema Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Seamount; Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, by Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982a, b); Persian Gulf, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to subsequently reported by Allen (1985), Kuronuma & Hawaiian Islands and Society Islands, north to Abe (1986), Randall et al. (1987), Carpenter et al. southern Japan, south to Arafura Sea off Northern (1997b), Bishop (2003) and Torquato et al. (2017). Territory (Australia), New Caledonia and Tonga. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Oman and Persian IUCN: Least Concern (LC). 83 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Family Menidae subsequently reported by Krupp & Müller (1994), Mene maculata (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) - Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997a, b) and Moonfish (Mah-mahi, Persian) Bishop (2003). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Distribution: Red Sea, Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf, by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently Andaman Sea. reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Mene IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). maculator, Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986), Relyea Persian Gulf material: BPBM 18288 (holotype), (1981), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), AMS I.25403-001 (1 paratype), BPBM 21495 (1 Bishop (2003) and Valinassab et al. (2006) as Mene paratype), BPBM 30659 (2 paratypes), BPBM 30660 maculate. (3 paratypes), USNM 258653 (1 paratype). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East and South Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and western Ptereleotris microlepis (Bleeker, 1856) - Pale dartfish Mascarenes east to New Guinea and Melanesia, Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf south to Western Australia and New South Wales by Randall et al. (1994); subsequently reported by (Australia). Randall (1995a) and Carpenter et al. (1997b). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Persian Gulf material: SMNS 14388 (1). South Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Hawaiian and Line islands and Tuamotu Family Microdesmidae Archipelago, north to southern Japan, south to Gunnellichthys viridescens Dawson, 1968 - Western Australia, New South Wales (Australia), Yellowstripe wormfish New Caledonia and Tonga. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). by Randall et al. (1994); subsequently reported by Persian Gulf material: BPBM 33326 (1). Randall (1995a) and Carpenter et al. (1997b). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Seychelles and Family Monodactylidae Persian Gulf east to Marshall Islands and Samoa, Monodactylus argenteus (Linnaeus, 1758) - Silver north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia. moony IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Persian Gulf material: BPBM 33273 (1). by Relyea (1981); subsequently reported by Krupp et al. (2000), Zajonz et al. (2002), Taher et al. (2012) Parioglossus raoi (Herre, 1939) - Rao's hover goby and Jawad (2013). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and by Randall et al. (1994); subsequently reported by South Africa, Persian Gulf, Mozambique Channel, Randall (1995a) and Carpenter et al. (1997b). Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar and Mascarenes Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to east to Mariana Islands, Caroline Islands Micronesia and Fiji, north to Yaeyama Islands. (Micronesia) and Samoa, north to southern Japan, IUCN: Least Concern (LC). south to Western Australia and to New Caledonia. Persian Gulf material: BPBM 34469 (11). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Persian Gulf material: SMF 28601 (2). Ptereleotris arabica Randall & Hoese, 1985 - Arabian dartfish Family Mugilidae Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf Chelon carinatus (Valenciennes, 1836) - Keeled in original description by Randall & Hoese (1985); 84 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Crenimugil pedaraki (Valenciennes, 1836) - Longfin by Hussain et al. (1988) as Liza carinata; subsquently mullet reported by Abou-Seedo (1992) as Liza carinata, Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Nasir (2000) as Liza carinata and Mohamed et al. by Randall (1995a); subsequently reported by (2016) as Planiliza carinata. Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Valamugil pedaraki. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: South Africa, Oman Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles and Madagascar east and Persian Gulf east to Indonesia, north to southern to India; immigrated into eastern Mediterranean Sea Japan. through (Red Sea immigrant). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Persian Gulf material: SMNS 14418 (4), USNM Ellochelon vaigiensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825) - 148970 (6). Squaretail mullet Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Chelon macrolepis (Smith, 1846) - Largescale mullet by Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Liza waigiensis; (Beyah, Arabic, Kuwait) subsequently reported by Relyea (1981) as Mugil Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf vaigiensis, Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Liza by Kuronuma & Abe (1972) as Liza macrolepis; vaigiensis, Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Liza subsequently reported by Relyea (1981) as Mugil vaigiensis, Nasir (2000) as Liza vaigiensis, Bishop macrolepis, Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b) as (2003) as Liza vaigiensis, Edwin (2012) and Liza macrolepis, Al-Hassan & Hussain (1985) as Dehghani (2014) as Liza vaigiensis. Liza macrolepis, Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Liza Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East macrolepis, Hussain et al. (1988) as Liza macrolepis, Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and Réunion Nasir (2000) as Liza macrolepis and Taher et al. (western Mascarenes) east to Marshall Islands, (2012) as Liza macrolepis. Gambier Islands and Marquesas islands, north to Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East southern Japan, south to Western Australia, New Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar and South Wales (Australia), New Caledonia, Society Rodrigues (Mascarenes) east to Tuamotu Islands and Rapa. Archipelago and Marquesas Islands, south to New IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Caledonia, Aitutaki (Cook Islands) and Austral Remark: Previously named Liza vaigiensis (Quoy & Islands; also adjacent and fresh water Gaimard, 1825). habitats of Africa, , Australia and Oceania. IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Moolgarda seheli (Fabricius [ex Forsskål] in Niebuhr Persian Gulf material: SMNS 14408 (1). 1775) - Bluespot mullet (Beyah, Arabic, Kuwait) Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Crenimugil buchanani (Bleeker 1853) - Bluetail by Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Valamugil seheli; mullet subsequently reported by Kuronuma & Abe (1972, Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf 1986) as Valamugil seheli, Relyea (1981) as Mugil by Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Valamugil seheli, Abou-Seedo (1992) as Valamugil seheli, buchanani. Krupp & Müller (1994) as Valamugil seheli, Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa and Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Valamugil seheli, Bishop Persian Gulf east to Marshall Islands; shallow coastal (2003) as Valamugil seheli and Taher et al. (2012) as waters, estuaries, entering creeks and rivers. Valamugil seheli. IUCN: Not evaluated (NE). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East 85 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar and Paramugil parmatus (Cantor, 1849) - Broad-mouthed Mascarenes east to Hawaiian Islands and Marquesas mullet Islands, north to southern Japan, south to Western Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Australia and Norfolk Island. by Bolster (1948) as Mugil oligolepis; subsequently IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). reported by Mahdi (1950) as Mugil oligolepis, Remarks: Authorship of species name see Fricke Khalaf (1961) as Mugil oligolepis, Mahdi & Georg (2008). Previously named Valamugil seheli (1969) as Liza oligolepis, Kuronuma & Abe (1986) (Forsskal, 1775). as Liza oligolepis and Coad (2010). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: South Africa, Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, 1758 - Flathead grey Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar and Sri Lanka mullet (Biah Srpehn, Kafal, Persian) east to Fiji, north to Philippines, south to northern Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Australia. by Mahdi & Georg (1969); subsequently reported by IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Relyea (1981), Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Carpenter Remark: Liza oligolepis (Bleeker, 1859) is a junior et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003) and Jawad (2017). synonym. Distribution: Nearly circumglobal in temperate and tropical seas and estuaries, except not in parts of the Planiliza abu (Heckel, 1843) - Abu mullet (Biah, western Atlantic. Biah Zury, Derbak, Do'kelki, Shochy, Persian) IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf of Mahdi (1950) as Mugil hishni; subsequently Osteomugil cunnesius (Valenciennes, 1836) - reported by Khalaf (1961) as Mugil abu, Mahdi & Longarm mullet Georg (1969) as Mugil abu and M. hishni, Kuronuma Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf & Abe (1986), Hussain et al. (1988, 1994), Carpenter by Randall (1995a); subsequently reported by et al. (1997b), Zajonz et al. (2002) and Bishop Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Valamugil cunnesius. (2003). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Distribution: Asia: Turkey, Iraq and Iran; rivers and South Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and Réunion estuaries in Persian Gulf system. (western Mascarenes) east to New Guinea and IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Planiliza klunzingeri Vanuatu, north to Taiwan, south to northern Australia (Day, 1888) - Klunzinger's mullet and New Caledonia. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). by Randall (1995a) as Chelon klunzingeri; Remark: synonym of Valamugil cunnesius subsequently reported by Carpenter et al. (1997b) as (Valenciennes, 1836) Liza klunzingeri, Zajonz et al. (2002) as Liza klunzingeri, Bishop (2003) as Liza klunzingeri, Osteomugil speigleri (Bleeker 1858) - Speigler's Mohamed et al. (2016), Moravec et al. (2016) as Liza mullet klunzingeri and Naji et al. (2016) as Liza klunzingeri. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian by Mohamed et al. (2016). Gulf and Oman east to western India. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). New Guinea. Persian Gulf material: SMNS 9977 (3). IUCN: Not evaluated (NE). Persian Gulf material: DFMRB uncat. (125). Planiliza persica (Senou, Randall & Okiyama, 1995) - Persian mullet 86 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf (Australia) and New Caledonia. in original description by Senou et al. in Randall IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). (1995a) as Chelon persicus; subsequently reported by Senou et al. (1996) as Chelon persicus and Carpenter Family Mullidae et al. (1997b) as Liza persicus. Mulloidichthys flavolineatus (Lacepède, 1801) - Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Yellowstripe (Hamer, Arabic, Kuwait) Gulf endemic. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Data deficient (DD). by Carpenter et al. (1997b); subsequently reported by Bishop (2003), Edwin (2012) and Jawad (2017). Planiliza planiceps (Valenciennes, 1836) - Tade gray Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East and South mullet Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and Mascarenes Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf east to Hawaiian Islands, Line Islands and Pitcairn by Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Liza planiceps; Group, north to southern Japan, south to Western previously reported by Abou-Seedo (1992) as Mugil Australia, New South Wales (Australia) at 36°S, tade (non Fabricius [ex Forsskål] in Niebuhr 1775). Lord Howe Island, New Caledonia and Rapa. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Africa and Persian Gulf east to Mariana Islands and Persian Gulf material: USNM 196498 (3), USNM Vanuatu, south to New Caledonia. 196499 (6). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). ciliatus (Lacepède, 1802) - Whitesaddle Planiliza subviridis (Valenciennes, 1836) - goatfish Greenback mullet Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982a, 1982b) as by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Mugil Parupeneus pleurotaenia; subsequently reported by dussumieri; subsequently reported by Mahdi (1950) Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Parupeneus as Mugil dussumieri, Khalaf (1961) as Mugil pleurotaenia, El-Agamy (1989) as Parupeneus dussumieri, Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Liza pleurotaenia and Haseli et al. (2010). dussumieri, Relyea (1981) as Mugil dussumieri, Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Persian Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Liza dussumieri, Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Hussain et al. (1988) as Liza subviridis, Wright Marshall Islands and Pitcairn, north to southern (1988), Abou-Seedo (1992) as Liza subviridis, Japan, south to western Australia, New South Wales Hussain et al. (1994) as Liza subviridis, Krupp & (Australia), Lord Howe Island, New Caledonia, Müller (1994) as Liza subviridis, Randall (1995a) as Tonga and Rapa. Chelon subviridis, Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Liza IUCN: Least Concern (LC). subviridis, Nasir (2000) as Liza subviridis, Zajonz et Remarks: Mullus pleurotaenia Playfair 1867 is a al. (2002) as Liza subviridis, Bishop (2003) as Liza junior synonym. subviridis, Nasir & Khalid (2013) as Liza subviridis, Dehghani (2014) as Mugil dussumieri and Mohamed Parupeneus cyclostomus (Lacepède 1801) - et al. (2016). Goldsaddle goatfish Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Africa and Persian Gulf east to Philippines, Tonga by Kuronuma & Abe (1986). and Samoa, north to southern Japan, south to Shark Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Bay (Western Australia), New South Wales South Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and 87 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Mascarenes east to Hawaiian Islands and Line IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Islands and Pitcairn Group, north to southern Japan, Persian Gulf material: BPBM 29573 (holotype), south to Western Australia, New South Wales AMNH 18379 (2), AMS I.24445-001 (1 paratype), (Australia), New Caledonia and Rapa. BMNH 1984.3.29.1 (1 paratype), BPBM 21220 (1 IUCN: Least concern (LC). paratype), BPBM 29406 (2 paratypes), BPBM 29407 Persian Gulf material: UMT 02 (1), UMPT 07 (2), (10), BPBM 29410 (9 paratypes), BPBM 30490 (1), UMPT 08 (1), UMPT 09 (4), UMPT 12 (11). BPBM 33327 (3), CAS 64838 (1 paratype), HUJ 11388 (1 paratype), MCZ 60804 (1 paratype), Parupeneus heptacanthus (Lacepède, 1802) - MNHN 1983-0677 (3 paratypes), NSMT-P 23030 (1 Cinnabar goatfish paratype), SAIAB 20063 (1 paratype), USNM Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf 147994 (8 paratypes), USNM 265815 (1 paratype). by Randall (1995a); subsequently reported by Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003), Randall Upeneus doriae (Günther, 1869) - Gilded goatfish (2004), Randall & Heemstra (2009) and Ketabi et al. Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf (2017). in original description by Günther (1869) ; also Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East reported by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and Mascarenes Mulloidichthys auriflamma (non Forsskål in Niebuhr east to Marshall Islands, Samoa and Tonga, north to 1775), Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Mulloidichthys southern Japan, south to Australia, Lord Howe Island auriflamma (non Forsskål in Niebuhr 1775), and New Caledonia. Kuronuma & Abe (1972) as Mulloidichthys IUCN: Least Concern (LC). auriflamma (non Forsskål in Niebuhr 1775), Basson Persian Gulf material: BPBM 29415 (1). et al. (1981) as Mulloidichthys auriflamma (non Forsskål in Niebuhr 1775), Relyea (1981) as Parupeneus macronemus (Lacepède, 1801) - Long- Mulloidichthys auriflamma (non Forsskål 1775); goatfish subsequently reported by Gallotti (1971) as Upeneus Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf moluccensis (non Bleeker 1855), Randall (1995a), by Carpenter et al. (1997b). Carpenter et al. (1997a, 1997b), Bishop (2003) and Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Uiblein & Heemstra (2010). South Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Mascarenes, Cocos-Keeling Islands, Christmas Gulf and Gulf of Oman. Island to Indonesia and Philippines. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Persian Gulf material: SAIAB 58782 (2), SMF 26055 (3). Parupeneus margaritatus Randall & Guézé, 1984 - Pearly goatfish Upeneus oligospilus Lachner, 1954 - Short-fin Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf goatfish (Hamer, Arabic, Kuwait) in original description by Randall & Guézé (1984); Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf subsequently reported by Smith & Saleh (1987), in original description by Lachner (1954); also Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall (1995a), Carpenter reported by Kuronuma & Abe (1972) as Upeneus et al. (1997a, b), Bishop (2003), Randall (2004) and tragula (non Richardson 1846); subsequently Randall & Heemstra (2009). reported by Kuronuma & Abe (1986) and Uiblein & Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Heemstra (2010, 2011). Gulf east to Pakistan. Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian 88 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Gulf endemic. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Least Concern (LC). by Randall (1995a); subsequently reported by Persian Gulf material: USNM 153988 (holotype), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Krupp et al. (2000) and NRM 16480 (1), SMF 10285 (1), USNM 147995 (11 Uiblein & Heemstra (2010). paratypes), USNM 196238 (2). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Mauritius and Persian Gulf east to Philippines and Papua New Upeneus randalli Uiblein & Heemstra, 2011 - Guinea, south to northern Australia. Randall's goatfish IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf Persian Gulf material: SMF 26056 (1), SMF 26057 in original description by Uiblein & Heemstra (3), ZMUC P.49121 (1), ZMUC P.49122 (1), ZMUC (2011); previously reported in part by Uiblein & P.49123 (1), ZMUC P.49124 (1). Heemstra (2010) as Upeneus margarethae. Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Upeneus tragula Richardson, 1846 - Freckled Gulf endemic. goatfish IUCN: Data deficient (DD). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Persian Gulf material: BPBM 33180 (holotype), by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently BPBM 21201 (6 paratypes), ZMUC P49161 (1 reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969), Basson et al. paratype). (1981), Relyea (1981), Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982a, 1982b), Smith & Saleh (1987), Abou-Seedo Upeneus sulphureus Cuvier, 1829 - Sulphur goatfish (1992), Krupp & Müller (1994), Carpenter et al. (Boz-mahi-e-zard-jameh, Persian) (1997a, b), Bishop (2003), Taher et al. (2012) and Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Uiblein & Heemstra (2010). by Nader & Jawdat (1977); subsequently reported by Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Relyea (1981), Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982a, Africa and Persian Gulf east to Philippines and 1982b), Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Husain et al. Solomon Islands, north to southern Japan, south to (1988), Abou-Seedo (1992), Hussain et al. (1994) as Western Australia, Queensland (Australia) and New Upeneus sulphurus, Krupp & Müller (1994), Uiblein Caledonia. & Heemstra (2010), Taher et al. (2012) and IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Hoveizavi et al. (2016). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Upeneus vittatus (Forsskål in Niebuhr 1775) - South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar Yellowstriped goatfish and Mascarenes east to Philippines and Fiji, north to Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf southern Japan, south to Western Australia and New by Mahdi & Georg (1969); subsequently reported by Caledonia. Relyea (1981), Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b) IUCN: Least Concern (LC). as Upeneus asymmetricus (non Lachner 1954), Persian Gulf material: BRC 166 (1), SMNS 14406 Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Hussain et al. (1988), (3), UMPT 05 (116), UMPT 06 (4), UMPT 07 (14), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003) and Uiblein UMPT 13 (37), UMPT 14 (4), UMPT 15 (17), UMPT & Heemstra (2010). 16 (8), UMPT 17 (5), UMPT 20 (5), ZMUC P.49156 Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and (1). South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Hawaiian Islands, Line Upeneus sundaicus (Bleeker, 1855) - Ochrebanded Islands and Marquesas Islands, north to southern goatfish (Boz-mahi-e-navar-ajori, Persian) Japan, south to Western Australia, New Caledonia 89 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

and Tonga. USNM 266523 (4). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Nemipterus peronii (Valenciennes, 1830) - Family Nemipteridae Notchedfin threadfin bream (Bassi, Arabic, Kuwait) Nemipterus bipunctatus (Valenciennes, 1830) - Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Delagoa threadfin bream by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Nemipterus tolu; Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969) as by Menon (1960) as Nemipterus bleekeri; Odontoglyphis tolu, Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986) subsquently reported by Khalaf (1961) as as Nemipterus tolu and N. oveniides, Basson et al. Nemipterus bleekeri, Mahdi & Georg (1969) as (1981) as Nemipterus tolu, Relyea (1981) as Nemipterus bleekeri, Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim Nemipterus tolu, Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982a, b) as Nemipterus delagoae, Kuronuma & (1982a, b) as Nemipterus tolu, Russell (1986, 1990), Abe (1986) as Nemipterus delagoae and N. bleekeri, Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Nasir Russell (1986, 1990), Krupp & Müller (1994), (2000) and Bishop (2003). Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: Persian (2003) and Ziyadi et al. (2018). Gulf east to Philippines and Vanuatu, north to Distribution: Red Sea, Indian Ocean: East Africa, Taiwan and China, south to Exmouth Gulf (Western Madagascar and Mauritius east to Andaman Sea and Australia), Queensland (Australia) and New Strait of Malacca. Caledonia. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Persian Gulf material: NTM S.11132-001 (2), UMPT Persian Gulf material: SMNS 14402 (2), SU 68803 07 (1). (4), UMPT 05 (1), UMPT 06 (12), UMPT 07 (28), Remarks: Nemipterus delagoae Smith 1941 is a UMPT 08 (3), UMPT 12 (1), UMPT 13 (2), UMPT junior synonym. 19 (1), USNM 147872 (3), USNM 147873 (1), USNM 266524 (8). Nemipterus japonicus (Bloch, 1791) - Japanese Remarks. This species has been misidentified as threadfin bream (Bassi, Arabic, Kuwait) Nemipterus furcosus. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently Nemipterus randalli Russell, 1986 - Randall's reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969), Kuronuma & threadfin bream Abe (1972, 1986), Relyea (1981), Russell (1986, Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf 1990), Hussain et al. (1988), Krupp & Müller (1994), in original description by Russell (1986); also Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop reported by Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Nemipterus (2003) and Valinassab et al. (2006). marginatus (non Valenciennes 1830); subsequently Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East reported by Russell (1990), Randall (1995a) and Africa and Madagascar east to Philippines, north to Carpenter et al. (1997b). southern Japan; Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: East immigrant). Africa, Madagascar and Persian Gulf east to India. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Persian Gulf material: BPBM 29520 (1); SMNS Persian Gulf material: BPBM 29519 (holotype); 14424 (1), UMPT 11 (3), UMPT 13 (20), UMPT 14 BPBM 29507 (1 paratype), UMPT 05 (4). (3), UMPT 15 (3), UMPT 16 (3), UMPT 17 (3), UMPT 18 (9), UMPT 19 (4), USNM 231478 (3), Nemipterus zysron (Bleeker, 1856) - Slender 90 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

threadfin bream Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Scolopsis bimaculatus, Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Russell (1990) as Scolopsis bimaculatus, Randall by Jawad & Al-Badri (2014); previously reported by (1995a) as Scolopsis bimaculatus, Carpenter et al. Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Nemipterus nemurus (1997b) as Scolopsis bimaculatus and Bishop (2003) (non Bleeker 1857). as Scolopsis bimaculatus. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Distribution: Red Sea, Indian Ocean: East Africa, Africa, Madagascar and Seychelles east to Marshall Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Sri Lanka and Islands and Fiji, north to Taiwan, south to Dampier Bay of Bengal (India). Archipelago (Western Australia) and New IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Caledonia. IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Scolopsis frenata (Cuvier, 1830) - Bridled monocle Persian Gulf material: SU 68802 (1), UMPT 05 (1), bream USNM 147838 (1). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Scolopsis phaeops. Parascolopsis aspinosa (Rao & Rao, 1981) - Smooth Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: East Africa, dwarf monocle bream (Govazim-e-chashm-dorosht, Persian Gulf, Madagascar, Seychelles and Persian) Mascarenes east to Chagos Archipelago. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). by Russell (1990); subsequently reported by Russel Persian Gulf material: SMNS 14397 (2), USNM & Golani (1993), Randall (1995a) and Carpenter et 147889 (15), USNM 196477 (3). al. (1997b). Distribution: Red Sea, Indian Ocean: Gulf of Aden Scolopsis ghanam (Fabricius [ex Forsskål] in and Persian Gulf east to Andaman Sea. Niebuhr 1775) - Arabian monocle bream (Ebzaimy, IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Arabic, Kuwait) Persian Gulf material: BPBM 21177 (1), BPBM Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf 21222 (1), NTM S.11137-001 (4), USNM 266525 by Regan (1905); subsequently reported by (1). Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986), Basson et al. (1981), Relyea (1981), Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982a, Parascolopsis eriomma (Jordan & Richardson, 1909) b), Smith & Saleh (1987), Russell (1990), Krupp - Rosy dwarf monocle bream (1991), Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall (1995a), Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), Bishop (2003) and Taher by Jawad & Al-Badri (2014). et al. (2012). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Distribution: Red Sea, Indian Ocean: East Africa, South Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Madagascar and Persian Gulf east to Andaman Philippines, north to southern Japan, south to Islands. southern Indonesia and Arafura and Timor seas. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Persian Gulf material: UMPT 06 (25), UMPT 09 (6), USNM 147888 (3), USNM 227612 (1), USNM Scolopsis bimaculata Rüppell, 1828 - Thumbprint 266521 (1), USNM 266522 (1). monocle bream Remarks: Authorship of species name see Fricke Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (2008). by Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982a, 1982b) as Scolopsis bimaculatus; subsequently reported by Scolopsis taeniata (Cuvier, 1830) - Black-streaked 91 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

monocle bream (Govazim-e-taknavar, Persian; Family Opistognathidae Ebzaimy, Arabic, Kuwait; Ebzaimee, Arabic, Opistognathus muscatensis Boulenger, 1888 -Robust Bahrain) jawfish Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Smith & Saleh (1987) as Scolopsis taeniatus; by Randall (1995a); subsequently reported by previously reported by Kuronuma & Abe (1972, Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Hussain & Jawad 1986) as Scolopsis phaeops (non Bennett 1832), (2014). Relyea (1981) as Scolopsis phaeops (non Bennett Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: South and East 1832); subsequently reported by Russell (1990) as Africa and Seychelles to Persian Gulf. Scolopsis thaeniatus, Krupp & Müller (1994) as IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Scolopsis taeniatus, Randall (1995a) as Scolopsis Persian Gulf material: USNM 216403 (1). taeniatus, Carpenter et al. (1997a, 1997b) as Scolopsis taeniatus, Bishop (2003) as Scolopsis Opistognathus nigromarginatus Rüppell, 1830 - taeniatus and Taher et al. (2012) as Scolopsis Bridled jawfish taeniatus. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: Gulf of by Randall et al. (1994); subsequently reported by Aden, Gulf of Oman and Persian Gulf east to Sri Carpenter et al. (1997a, b) and Bishop (2003). Lanka. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: South and IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). East Africa and Persian Gulf east to Thailand and Persian Gulf material: UMPT 06 (3), UMPT 07 (1), Vietnam. UMPT 08 (7), UMPT 09 (4), USNM 266517 (2), IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). USNM 266518 (6), USNM 266519 (1), USNM Persian Gulf material: BPBM 29670 (1), BPBM 266520 (2). 30287 (1), BPBM 30289 (1), BPBM 30290 (1), BPBM 30846 (1), BPBM 30847 (1). Scolopsis vosmeri (Bloch, 1792) - Whitecheek monocle bream (Hasseyeh, Arabic, Bahrain) Family Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Histiopterus typus Temminck &Schlegel, 1844 - by Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982a) as Sailfin armourhead S. ruppelli, Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b) as Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf S. vosmeri and S. ruppelli; subsequently reported by by Carpenter et al. (1997b). Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Scolopsis vosmeri and Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and S. ruppelli, Russell (1990), Abou-Seedo (1992) as South Africa, Persian Gulf, Comoros and Réunion Scolopsis ruppelli, Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall (western Mascarenes) east to Philippines, north to (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Bishop (2003). southern Japan, south to northern Australia. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Philippines and New Guinea, north to southern Family Japan, south to Northern Territory (Australia) and marinus (Cuvier 1828) - Estuarine perch Exmouth Gulf (Western Australia). Status in Persian Gulf: Interoduced in Persian Gulf. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Distribution: Northern Black Sea and Caspian Sea. Persian Gulf material: CAS 48283 (3), UMPT 12 (1). Introduced elsewhere. IUCN: Data deficient (DD). Persian Gulf material: SMNS 14398 (1). 92 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Family Pinguipedidae Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: East Parapercis alboguttata (Günther, 1872) - Whitespot and South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, sandsmelt Madagascar and Réunion (western Mascarenes) east Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf to Pakistan. by Randall (1995a); subsequently reported by IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Torquato et al. (2017). Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1900.5.9.37 (1), Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Madagascar and BMNH 2014.5.27.19 (1), BPBM 21276 (2), BPBM Persian Gulf east to Philippines, north to South China 21496 (1), MNHN 1902-0153 (1), UMPT 10 (1), Sea, south to northwestern Australia. UMPT 12 (1), USNM 147985 (32), USNM 195844 IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). (1), USNM 196492 (2), USNM 266972 (6). Persian Gulf material: USNM 266974 (1), USNM Remarks: Records of Parapercis nebulosa (non Quoy 266975 (1), USNM 266976 (2). & Gaimard 1825) are misidentifications of this species. Parapercis maculata (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) - Harlequin sandperch Family Polynemidae Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf tetradactylum (Shaw, 1804) - by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Parapercis Fourfinger threadfin (Rashgoo maamooli, Persian; smithii; subsequently reported Mahdi & Georg Sheem, Arabic, Kuwait) (1969) as Parapercis smithii and Kuronuma & Abe Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (1986) as Parapercis smithi. by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East reported by Bolster (1948) as Eleutheronema Africa, Persian Gulf, Comoros, Madagascar and tetradactilus, Mahdi (1950) as Polydactylus Réunion (Mascarenes) east to Indonesia, north to tetradactylus, Khalaf (1961) as southern Japan. tetradactylus, Mahdi & Georg (1969), Kuronuma & IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Abe (1972, 1986), Relyea (1981), Al-Hassan & Persian Gulf material: UMPT 11 (1). Hussain (1985), Hussain et al. (1988, 1994), Abou- Seedo (1992), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. Parapercis robinsoni Fowler, 1929 - Smallscale (1997b), Nasir (2000), Bishop (2003), Motomura grubfish (Terr, Arabic, Kuwait) (2004), Valinassab et al. (2006), Nasir & Khalid Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (2013), Dehghani (2014) and Moravec et al. (2016). by Randall & Stroud (1985); also reported by Regan Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to (1905) as Percis nebulosa (non Quoy & Gaimard Papua New Guinea, south to northern Australia. 1825), Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Parapercis IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). pulchella (non Temminck & Schlegel 1843), Persian Gulf material: BMNH 2014.5.27.34 (1). Kuronuma & Abe (1972) as Parapercis nebulosa (non Quoy & Gaimard 1825), Basson et al. (1981) as Polydactylus persicus Motomura & Iwatsuki, 2001 - Parapercis nebulosus (non Quoy & Gaimard 1825), Persian blackspot threadfin (Rashgoo shesh-khat, Relyea (1981) as Parapercis nebulosus (non Quoy & Persian; Ghazal, Arabic, Kuwait) Gaimard 1825), Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf Parapercis nebulosus (non Quoy & Gaimard 1825); in original description by Motomura & Iwatsuki subsequently reported by Krupp & Müller (1994), (2001); also reported by Blegvad & Løppenthin Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997a, b) and (1944) as Polynemus sextarius (non Bloch & Bishop (2003). Schneider, 1801), Khalaf (1961) as Polynemus 93 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

sextarius (non Bloch & Schneider 1801), Mahdi & Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Georg (1969) as Polynemus sextarius (non Bloch & Africa, Persian Gulf, Mozambique Channel, Schneider, 1801), Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986) as Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar and Mascarenes (non Bloch & Schneider, east to Hawaiian Islands and Pitcairn Group, north to 1801), Relyea (1981) as Polydactylus sextarius (non southern Japan and Ogasawara Islands, south to Bloch & Schneider 1801), Hussain et al. (1988) as Western Australia, Lord Howe Island, New Polydactylus sextarius (non Bloch & Schneider, Caledonia, Tonga and Austral Islands. 1801), Randall (1995a) as Polydactylus sextarius IUCN: Least Concern (LC). (non Bloch & Schneider 1801), Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Polydactylus sextarius (non Bloch & (Forsskål in Niebuhr 1775) Schneider 1801), Nasir (2000) as Polydactylus - Yellowbar angelfish (Hamad, Persian; Anfooz, sextarius (non Bloch & Schneider 1801), Hussein et Arabic, Kuwait) al. (2002) as Polydactylus sextarius (non Bloch & Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Schneider 1801), Bishop (2003) as Polydactylus by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently sextarius (non Bloch & Schneider 1801) and reported by Klausewitz (1968), Mahdi & Georg Dehghani (2014) as Polydactylus sextarius (non (1969), Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986), Allen Bloch & Schneider 1801); subsequently reported by (1979), Basson et al. (1981), Relyea (1981), Motomura (2004). Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982a) as Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf Pomacanthus aculosus, Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim endemic. (1982b), Smith & Saleh (1987), Krupp (1991), Krupp IUCN: Least Concern (LC). & Müller (1994), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. Persian Gulf material: MCZ 60001 (holotype), AMS (1997a, b), Allen et al. (1998), Zajonz et al. (2002), I.40432-001 (1 paratype), BMNH 2000.9.25.1 (1 Bishop (2003), Taher et al. (2012), Jawad et al. paratype), KU 10528 (1 paratype), MCZ 592251 (5 (2014d), Torquato et al. (2017) and Ziyadi et al. paratypes, 1 c&s), MCZ 158350 (2 paratypes), (2018). MUFS 20410 (1 paratype), SMNS 14422 (1), USNM Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: East 363075 (1 paratype). Africa, Gulf of Aden and Persian Gulf east to Pakistan; Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea immigrant). Family Pomacanthidae IUCN: Least Concern (LC). xanthotis (Fraser-Brunner 1950) - Persian Gulf material: UMPT 06 (3), UMPT 08 (4), Red Sea angelfish UMPT 09 (1), USNM 147894 (19), USNM 147895 Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (2), USNM 196493 (3), USNM 266731 (2), USNM by Allen et al. (1998) 267104 (2), USNM 267145 (1). Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: Gulf of Aden, Gulf of Oman and Persian Gulf. Pygoplites flavescens (Bennett 1831) - Regal IUCN: Least Concern (LC). angelfish Status in Persian Gulf: New record from Persian Pomacanthus imperator (Bloch, 1787) - Emperor Gulf; previously reported by Basson et al. (1981) as angelfish Pygoplites diacanthus (non Boddaert 1772), Relyea Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (1981) as Pygoplites diacanthus (non Boddaert by Kuronuma & Abe (1972); subsequently reported 1772). by Allen (1979), Basson et al. (1981), Relyea (1981) Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and and Kuronuma & Abe (1986). South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar, 94 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Mauritius (Mascarenes) and Maldives east to western 275096 (1). Indonesia. Remarks. Often confused with the closely related IUCN: Least concern (LC). Atlantic species saxatilis (see Allen1991). Remarks: Accepted as a valid subspecies of P. diacanthus by Coleman et al. (2016); in the present Amphiprion clarkii (Bennett, 1830) - Yellowtail paper raised to species level. clownfish Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Family Pomacentridae by Relyea (1981); subsequently reported by Abudefduf sexfasciatus (Lacepède, 1801) - Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Smith & Saleh (1987), Scissortail sergeant Allen (1991a), Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Buchanan et al. by Regan (1905) as Glyphidodon coelestinus. (2015). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Comoros, Micronesia, north to southern Japan, south to Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Marquesas and northern Australia. Gambier islands, north to southern Japan, south to IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Western Australia, New South Wales (Australia), Persian Gulf material: USNM 181874 (2), USNM Lord Howe Island, Tonga and Rapa. 197733 (2). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Chromis flavaxilla Randall, 1994 - Arabian chromis Abudefduf vaigiensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825) - Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf Indo-Pacific sergeant in original description by Randall (1994c); Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf subsequently reported by Randall (1995a), Carpenter by Smith & Saleh (1987); also reported by Basson et et al. (1997a, b), Bishop (2003) and Buchanan et al. al. (1981) as Abudefduf saxatilis (non Linnaeus (2015). 1758), Relyea (1981) as Abudefduf saxatilis (non Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: Linnaeus 1758), Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim Gulf of Aden, Gulf of Oman, and Persian Gulf. (1982b) as Abudefduf saxatilis vaigiensis, Kuronuma IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). & Abe (1986) as Abudefduf saxatilis (non Linnaeus Persian Gulf material: BPBM 33289 (1 paratype). 1758), Taher et al. (2012) as Abudefduf saxatili (non Linnaeus 1758); subsequently reported by Krupp & Chromis ternatensis (Bleeker, 1856) - Ternate Müller (1994), Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), Allen chromis (1991a), Bishop (2003), Buchanan et al. (2015) and Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Torquato et al. (2017). by Krupp & Müller (1994); subsequently reported by Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: South Edwin (2012). Africa and East Africa, Madagascar and Réunion Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East (Mascarenes) east to Samoa and Tonga, north to Africa, Persian Gulf, Mozambique Channel, southern Japan, south to Western Australia, New Comoros, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to South Wales (Australia), and northern New Zealand; Mariana Islands, Samoa and Tonga, north to southern Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea immigrant); introduced Japan, south to Western Australia, Queensland at Hawaiian Islands. (Australia) and New Caledonia. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Persian Gulf material: USNM 147897 (62), USNM 95 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Chromis weberi Fowler & Bean, 1928 - Weber's southern Japan, south to Western Australia, New chromis South Wales (Australia), Lord Howe Island, New Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Caledonia and Austral Islands. by Edwin (2012). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Persian Gulf, Mozambique Channel, Neopomacentrus cyanomos (Bleeker, 1856) - Regal Madagascar and Réunion (western Mascarenes) to demoiselle Line Islands, north to southern Japan, south to New Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Caledonia. by Randall et al. (1994); subseqently reported by IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Buchanan et al. (2015). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Chromis xanthopterygia Randall & McCarthy, 1988 Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar to Philippines - Yellowfin chromis and Vanuatu, north to southern Japan, south to Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf Western Australia, Queensland (Australia) and New in original description by Randall & McCarthy Caledonia. (1988); subsequently reported by Allen (1991a), IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), Bishop (2003) and Buchanan et al. Neopomacentrus sindensis (Day, 1873) - Arabian (2015). demoiselle Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Gulf and Gulf of Oman. by Regan (1905) as Glyphidodon sindensis; IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). subsequently reported by Kuronuma & Abe (1972, Persian Gulf material: BPBM 30436 (holotype), 1986) as Pomacentrus sindensis, Smith & Saleh BMNH 1986.6.24.1 (1 paratype), BPBM 30308 (2 (1987), Allen (1991a), Krupp (1991), Krupp & paratypes), BPBM 30407 (1 paratype), BPBM 30495 Müller (1994), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (7 paratypes), BPBM 31255 (1 paratype), CAS (1997a, b) and Bishop (2003). 58492 (1), NSMT-P 4176 (1 paratype), ROM 50818 Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Gulf of (1 paratype), SAIAB 26039 (1 paratype), USNM Aden, Gulf of Oman and Persian Gulf east to 278732 (1 paratype), WAM P.28787-001 (1 Pakistan. paratype). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Persian Gulf material: UMPT 11 (2). Dascyllus trimaculatus (Rüppell, 1829) - Threespot dascyllus Plectroglyphidodon johnstonianus Fowler & Ball Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf 1924 - Johnston Island damselfish by Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b); Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf subsequently reported by Kuronuma & Abe (1986), by Randall (1995a). Allen (1991a), Krupp & Müller (1994), Carpenter et Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Persian al. (1997a, b), Bishop (2003) and Buchanan et al. Gulf, Mozambique Channel, Aldabra, Madagascar (2015). and Mascarenes east to Hawaiian Islands and Pitcairn Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Group, north to Ryukyu Islands and Ogasawara Africa, Persian Gulf, Mozambique Channel, Islands and Japan, south to Western Australia, Lord Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar and Mascarenes Howe Island, New Caledonia and Rapa. east to Marshall Islands and Pitcairn Group, north to IUCN: Not evaluated (NE). 96 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Pomacentrus aquilus Allen & Randall, 1981 - Dark Pomacentrus trilineatus Cuvier, 1830 - Threeline damsel damsel Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf in original description by Allen & Randall (1981); by Carpenter et al. (1997b). subsequently reported by Smith & Saleh (1987), Distribution: Red Sea, Western Indian Ocean: East Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall (1995a), Carpenter Africa and Persian Gulf to Madagascar. et al. (1997a, b), Bishop (2003) and Buchanan et al. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). (2015). Distribution: Red Sea, Western Indian Ocean: East Pristotis obtusirostris (Günther, 1862) - Gulf Africa and Persian Gulf to Madagascar. damselfish IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Status in Persian Gulf: First from Persian Gulf by Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1976.9.20.1-7 (7 Regan (1905) as Pomacentrus jerdoni and P. paratypes). ontusirostris; subsequently reported by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Daya jerdoni, Mahdi & Georg Pomacentrus leptus Allen &Randall, 1980 - Slender (1969) as Daya jerdoni, Relyea (1981) as Pristotis damsel jerdoni, Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Daya jerdoni, Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Allen (1991a) as Pristotis jerdoni, Randall (1995a) by Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall et al. (1994); and Carpenter et al. (1997b). subsequently reported by Randall (1995a), Carpenter Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: Persian et al. (1997a, 1997b), Bishop (2003) and Buchanan Gulf east to Philippines and New Guinea, north to et al. (2015). Ryukyu Islands, south to Western Australia, Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: East Queensland (Australia) and New Caledonia. Africa, Gulf of Aden and Gulf of Oman to Persian IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Gulf. Persian Gulf material: UMPT 08 (4). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1994.1.18.10 (1), Family Priacanthidae BPBM 30426 (1), BPBM 30469 (2). Bleeker, 1853 - Paeony bulleye Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Pomacentrus trichrourus Günther, 1867 - Paletail by Krupp et al. (2000). damsel Distribution: Southern Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Gulf of Aden, Persian Gulf and Seychelles east to by Smith & Saleh (1987) as Pomacentrus trichourus; Philippines and Samoa, south to Western Australia subsequently reported by Allen (1991a) as and Queensland (Australia). Pomacentrus trichourus, Krupp & Müller (1994) as IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Pomacentrus trichourus, Randall (1995a) as Persian Gulf material: SMF 28595 (1), SMF 28599 Pomacentrus trichourus, Carpenter et al. (1997a, (1). 1997b) as Pomacentrus trichourus, Bishop (2003) as Pomacentrus trichourus and Buchanan et al. (2015) Priacanthus hamrur (Fabricius [ex Forsskål] in as Pomacentrus trichourus. Niebuhr 1775) - Moontail bullseye Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf South Africa and Persian Gulf to Madagascar and by Mahdi & Georg (1969); subsequently reported by Mascarenes. Carpenter et al. (1997b). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and 97 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

South Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and BPBM 30442 (1), BPBM 30471 (6), BPBM 30518 Mascarenes east to Marquesas Islands and Gambier (3), BPBM 31955 (4), USNM 147901 (1), WAM Islands, north to southern Japan, south to Western P.25987-010 (3). Australia, Queensland (Australia), Lord Howe Island and Tonga. Pseudochromis caudalis Boulenger, 1898 - Stripe- IUCN: Least Concern (LC). tailed dottyback Persian Gulf material: USNM 265647 (1). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Remarks: Authorship of species name see Fricke by Gill (2004). (2008). Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: southern Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman east to Sri Lanka. Priacanthus tayenus Richardson, 1846 -Purple- IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). spotted bigeye (Mahi-e-hoze-e-darya, Persian) Persian Gulf material: USNM 324633 (1), USNM Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf 324634 (2). by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944; subsequently reported by Khalaf (1961), Mahdi & Georg (1969), Pseudochromis linda Randall & Stanaland, 1989 - Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b), Kuronuma & Yellowtail dottyback Abe (1986), Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Bishop (2003). by Krupp & Müller (1994); previously reported by Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf and Lubbock (1975) as Pseudochromis olivaceus (non Oman east to Philippines and Fiji, north to Taiwan, Rüppell 1835), Relyea (1981) as Pseudochromis south to northern Australia. olivaceus (non Rüppell 1835); subsequently reported IUCN: Least Concern (LC). by Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Gill Persian Gulf material: USNM 265644 (7), USNM (2004). 265645 (1), USNM 265646 (1). Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Gulf of Aden, Sokotra Archipelago and Persian Gulf east to Family Pseudochromidae Pakistan. Pseudochromis aldabraensis Bauchot-Boutin, 1958 - IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Orange dottyback Persian Gulf material: AMS I.26715-001 (4), BMNH Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf 1973.12.20.29-42 (14), BPBM 30487 (1), BPBM by Krupp & Müller (1994); previously reported by 31024 (1). Lubbock (1975, 1977) as Pseudochromis dutoiti (non Smith 1955), Relyea et al. (1980) as Pseudochromis Pseudochromis nigrovittatus Boulenger, 1897 - dutoiti (non Smith 1955), Relyea (1981) as Blackstripe dottyback Pseudochromis dutoiti (non Smith 1955), Smith & Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Saleh (1987) as Pseudochromis dutoiti (non Smith by Regan (1905); subsequently reported by Lubbock 1955); subsequently reported by Randall (1995a), (1975), Relyea (1981), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et Carpenter et al. (1997a, 1997b), Bishop (2003) and al. (1997b) and Gill (2004). Gill (2004). Distribution: Southern Red Sea, northwestern Indian Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: Aldabra; Oman Ocean: Gulf of Aden and Gulf of Oman to southern and Persian Gulf east to Pakistan; Sri Lanka. Persian Gulf. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1973.1.22.6-17 (12), Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1900.12.9.35-36 (2), BMNH 1973.1.22.18-25 (8), BPBM 21254 (1), BMNH 1973.12.20.100-102 (3). 98 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Pseudochromis persicus Murray, 1887 - Bluespotted Family Scaridae dottyback (Forsskål in Niebuhr 1775) - Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf Daisy in original description by Murray (1887); Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf subsequently reported by Regan (1905), Lubbock by Relyea (1981) as sordidus; subsequently (1975), Relyea et al. (1980), Basson et al. (1981), reported by Randall & Bruce (1983) as Scarus Relyea (1981), Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Smith & sordidus, Smith & Saleh (1987) as Scarus sordidus, Saleh (1987), Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall Krupp & Müller (1994) as Scarus sordidus, (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), Bishop (2003) Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), Bishop (2003) and and Gill (2004). Buchanan et al. (2015). Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Gulf east to Pakistan. South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Comoros, IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Indonesia. Persian Gulf material: Lectotype: BMNH IUCN: Least Concern (LC). 1887.9.22.45 (lectotype, selected by Lubbock 1975), BMNH 1887.9.22.46-48 (3 paralectotypes), BMNH Scarus ferrugineus Forsskål in Niebuhr 1775 - Rusty 1973.12.20.1-7 (7), BMNH 1974.2.12.1-3 (3 parrotfish paralectotypes), BMNH 2014.5.27.31-32 (2), BPBM Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf 16407 (29; BPBM 21298 (3), BPBM 21491 (4), by Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall et al. (1994); BPBM 29514 (4), BPBM 30519 (1), USNM 147902 subsequently reported by Randall (1995a), Carpenter (42), USNM 147903 (32), USNM 267100 (2). et al. (1997b), Parenti & Randall (2000) and Buchanan et al. (2015). Family Rachycentridae Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: Rachycentron canadum (Linnaeus, 1766) - Cobia Gulf of Aden and Gulf of Oman to Persian Gulf. (Sookalla, Persian; Sikin, Arabic, Kuwait) IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Rhachycentrum (Klunzinger, 1871) - Purple- canadus; subsequently reported by Mahdi (1950) as brown parrotfish (Tooti-mahi-e-yashmi, Persian) Rhachycentron canadus, Menon (1960) as Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Rachycenteron canadus, Khalaf (1961) as by Randall et al. (1994); subsequently reported by Rachycentron canadus, Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Parenti Rachycentron canadus, Kuronuma & Abe (1972) as & Randall (2000). Rachycentron canadus, Basson et al. (1981) as Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: Rachycentron canadus, Relyea (1981) as Somalia, Persian Gulf. Rachycentron canadus, Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim IUCN: Least Concern (LC). (1982b) as Rachycentron canadus, Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Krupp & Müller (1994) as Rachycentron Scarus ghobban Fabricius [ex Forsskål] in Niebuhr canadus, Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), Bishop (2003), 1775 - Blue-barred parrotfish (Tooti-mahi-e-zard- Valinassab et al. (2006) and Nasir & Khalid (2013). poolak, Persian) Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf temperate seas. by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Callyodon IUCN: Least Concern (LC). dussumieri; subsequently reported by Mahdi & Persian Gulf material: USNM 267125 (1). Georg (1969) as Callyodon dussumieri, Basson et al. 99 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

(1981) as Callyodon guttatus, Relyea (1981), and Mascarenes east to Hawaiian Islands and Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b), Randall & Marquesas Islands, north to southern Japan, south to Bruce (1983), Smith & Saleh (1987), Hussain et al. Shark Bay (Western Australia), Lord Howe Island (1988), Wright (1988), Krupp & Müller (1994), and Rapa. Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), Bishop (2003), Buchanan IUCN: Least Concern (LC). et al. (2015) and Torquato et al. (2017). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-Pacific: East and South Family Scatophagidae Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Comoros, Scatophagus argus (Linnaeus, 1766) - Spotted scat Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Panama (eastern (Zarook, Persian; Shing, Arabic, Kuwait) Pacific), north to southern Japan and Ogasawara Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Islands, south to Western Australia, New South by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently Wales (Australia), Lord Howe Island and Rapa; reported by Mahdi (1950), Khalaf (1961), Mahdi & Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea immigrant). Georg (1969), Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986), IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Relyea (1981), Al-Hassan & Hussain (1985), Persian Gulf material: USNM 147916 (3), USNM Hussain et al. (1988, 1994), Abou-Seedo (1992), 147917 (3). Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Nasir Remarks: Authorship of species name see Fricke (2000), Zajonz et al. (2002), Bishop (2003), Parenti (2008). Scarus guttatus Bloch & Schneider 1801 is a (2004), Dehghani (2014), Jawad (2017) and Jawad & junior synonym. Ibrahim (2017b). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to Scarus persicus Randall & Bruce, 1983 - Gulf Society Islands (French Polynesia), north to southern parrotfish (Tooti-mahi-e-irani, Persian) Japan, south to northern Australia and New Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf Caledonia. in original description by Randall & Bruce (1983); IUCN: Least Concern (LC). subsequently reported by Smith & Saleh (1987), Persian Gulf material: SMNS 14386 (2). Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), Parenti & Randall (2000), Bishop Family (2003), Buchanan et al. (2015) and Torquato et al. Argyrosomus japonicas (Temminck & Schlegel (2017). 1843) - Japanese meagre Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Gulf to southern Oman. by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Pseudosciaena IUCN: Least Concern (LC). bleekeri; subsequently reported by Kuronuma & Abe Persian Gulf material: BPBM 26399 (holotype), (1986), Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Dehghani (2014) BPBM 21262 (1 paratype), SAIAB 491 (1 paratype), as Argyrosomus hololepidotus (non Lacepède 1801). USNM 224474 (1 paratype). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East and South Africa and Persian Gulf east to Vietnam, north to Forsskål in Niebuhr 1775 - Common southern Japan, south to northern Australia. parrotfish IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Carpenter et al. (1997b); subsequently reported by Argyrosomus heinii (Steindachner 1902) - Hein's Buchanan et al. (2015). croaker Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Status in Persian Gulf: First record rom Persian Gulf South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar by Trewavas in Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as 100 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Argyrosomus heinini. south to northern Australia. Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: South IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Arabian coast to Persian Gulf. Persian Gulf material: SMNS 14393 (3). IUCN: Not evaluated (NE). Johnius borneensis (Bleeker, 1851) - Sharpnose Atrobucca nibe (Jordan & Thompson 1911) - hammer croaker Blackmouth croaker Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Randall (1995a) as Johnius vogleri; subsequently by Hussain & Jawad (2014). reported by Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Johnius Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East and South vogleri and Hoveizavi et al. (2016). Africa and Persian Gulf east to Philippines, north to Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to southern Japan, south to northern Australia. China and New Guinea. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Remark: Otholithus vogleri Bleeker, 1853 is a junior Johnius amblycephalus (Bleeker, 1855) - Bearded synonym. croaker Status in Persian Gulf: new ecord from Persian Gulf Johnius carutta Bloch, 1793 - Karut croaker by Al-Faisal & Mutlak (2018). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: east of Pakistan by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently through the coastal waters of the Indian Ocean and reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969), Relyea (1981) as the Indo-Australian Archipelago to the Philippines, Pseudosciaena carutta, Al-Hassan & Hussain (1985), New Guinea and to the Repulse Bay, Queensland; Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Abou-Seedo (1992), through the South China Sea to Hainan, Taiwan, Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Hong Kong and Kwangtung. Reports from southern Dehghani (2014). Africa are misidentifications of Johnius fuscolineatus Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf and (Sasaki 1997). Oman east to Indonesia, north to southern China. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE) IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Remark Umbrina amblycephalus Bleeker, 1855 and Johnius amblycephala (Bleeker, 1855) are synonym. Johnius dussumieri (Cuvier, 1830) - Sin croaker Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Johnius belangerii (Cuvier, 1830) - Belanger's by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Sciaena croaker dussumieri; subsequently reported by Misra (1947) Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf as Pseudosciaena sina, Bolster (1948) as by Misra (1947) as Johnius belengerii; subsequently Pseudosciaene sina, Mahdi (1950) as Pseudosciaena reported by Mahdi (1950) as Johnius belengerii, sina, Menon (1960) as Johnius osseus, Khalaf (1961) Khalaf (1961) as Johnius belengeri, Mahdi & Georg as Johnius osseus and Pseudosciaena sina, Mahdi & (1969) as Johnius belengeri, Kuronuma & Abe Georg (1969) as Johnius osseus, Mahdi & Georg (1986), Hussain et al. (1994) as Jhonius belangerii, (1969) as Johnius sina and Sciaena dussumieri, Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop Relyea (1981) as Sciaena dussumieri, Kuronuma & (2003) and Hoveizavi et al. (2016) as Johnius Abe (1986) as Johnius sina, Hussain et al. (1988) as belongeri. Johnius sina, Hussain et al. (1994) as Jhonius sina, Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf and Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Johnius sina, Nasir Oman east to Philippines, north to southern Japan, (2000), Bishop (2003) as Johnius sina and Nasir & 101 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Khalid (2013) as Johnius sina. IUCN: Not evaluated (NE). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East and South Persian Gulf material: SMNS 14410 (2). Africa and Persian Gulf east to Philippines, north to Taiwan. Otolithes ruber (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) - IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Tigertooth croaker (Shoorideh, Persian; Newaiby, Persian Gulf material: UMPT 16 (2), UMPT 18 (1), Arabic, Kuwait) UMPT 20 (6). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Remark: Sciaena osseus Day 1876 and Johnius sina by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently (Cuvier, 1830) are junior synonyms. reported by Bolster (1948) as Otolithus rouber, Mahdi (1950) as Otolithus ruber, Khalaf (1961) as Kathala axillaris (Cuvier 1830) - Kathala croaker Otolithus ruber, Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Otolithus Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf ruber, Kuronuma & Abe (1972) as Otolithes by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Pseudosciaena argenteus, Relyea (1981) as Otolithes argenteus and axillaris; subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg O. ruber, Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Hussain et al. (1969) as Johnius axillaris, Relyea (1981) as (1988, 1994), Lee & Al-Baz (1989) as Otolithes Pseudosciaena axillaris and Kuronuma & Abe argenteus, Abou-Seedo (1992) as Otolithes (1986). argenteus, Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Distribution: Northern Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf Nasir (2000), Bishop (2003), Valinassab et al. (2006) east to India and Sri Lanka. as Otholithes rubber, Nasir & Khalid (2013) and IUCN: Not evaluated (NE). Dehghani (2014) as Otholithes rubber. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East and South Nibea maculata (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) - Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Blotched croaker (Moshkoo lakkehdar, Persian) Philippines, north to South China Sea, south to Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Queensland (Australia). by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Johnius IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). maculatus; subsequently reported by Khalaf (1961) Persian Gulf material: BMNH 2014.5.27.13 (1), as Johnius maculatus, Mahdi & Georg (1969) as UMPT 13 (1), UMPT 16 (8), UMPT 17 (3), UMPT Johnius maculatus, Relyea (1981) as Johnius 18 (1), UMPT 19 (2), UMPT 20 (2). maculatus, Nasir (2000) and Nasir & Khalid (2013) as Johnius maculates. Pennahia anea (Bloch, 1793) - Donkey croaker Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to (Shebheshoorideh chashmdorosht, Persian; Vietnam. Eshmahy, Arabic, Kuwait) IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Remark Johnius maculatus Bloch & Schneider, 1801, by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Pseudosciaena Otolithes maculate (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) and aneus; subsequently reported by Mahdi (1950) as Sciaena maculate (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) are Pseudosciaena aneus, Menon (1960) as synonym. Pseudosciaena aneus, Khalaf (1961) as Pseudosciaena aneus, Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Otolithes cuvieri Trewavas 1974 - Cuvier's croaker Johnius aneus and J. argentatus (non Houttuyn 1782), Status in Persian Gulf: New record from Persian Kuronuma & Abe (1972) as Johnius aneus, Nader & Gulf, based on SMNS 14410 (2) from Iraq. Jawdat (1977) as Johnius argentatus (non Houttuyn Distribution: northern Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf 1782), Relyea (1981) as Johnius aeneus, Kuronuma and Oman east ti western India and Sri Lanka. & Abe (1986) as Pennahia macrophthalmus and 102 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Johnius aneus, Abou-Seedo (1992) as Johnius anius, IUCN: Data deficient (DD). Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003) and Dehghani (2014). Family Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to Remarks: A Persian Gulf record of Thunnus thynnus Philippines, north to southern China. (Linnaeus 1758) by Haseli et al. (2010) needs IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). verification. Persian Gulf material: BRC 164 (1), SMNS 14419 (1), UMPT 13 (2), UMPT 14 (8), UMPT 16 (2), Acanthocybium solandri (Cuvier 1832) - UMPT 17 (9), UMPT 20 (8). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Remark: Pennahia macrophthalmus (Bleeker, 1849) by Kuronuma & Abe (1986). is a junior synonym. Distribution: Almost circumglobal in tropical through warm temperate seas. Protonibea diacanthus (Lacepède, 1802) - IUCN: Least concern (LC). Blackspotted croaker (Mish-mahi-e-manghoot, Persian) Auxis rochei (Risso, 1810) - Bullet Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Pseudosciaena by Collette & Nauen (1983); subsequently reported diacanthus; subsequently reported by Mahdi & by Carpenter et al. (1997b). Georg (1969) as Johnius diacanthus, Nader & Jawdat Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm (1977) as Johnius diacanthus, Relyea (1981) as emperate seas, except for East Pacific. Pseudosciaena diacanthus, Kuronuma & Abe (1986), IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Hussain et al. (1988) as Protoniba alicanthus, Hussain et al. (1994) as Protonebea diacanthus, Auxis thazard (Lacepède, 1800) - Frigate tuna Randall (1995a) as Protonibea diacantha, Carpenter (Batch-e-zardeh, Persian) et al. (1997b) as Protonibea diacantha, Nasir (2000), Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Bishop (2003) as Protonibea diacantha, Valinassab et by Mahdi & Georg (1969); subsequently reported by al. (2006) and Dehghani (2014). Collette & Nauen (1983), Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Jawad (2016b, 2017). Philippines, north to South China Sea, south to Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm Queensland (Australia). emperate seas, except for East Pacific. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Persian Gulf material: BRC 162 (1), BRC 163 (2). Euthynnus affinis (Cantor, 1849) - Kawakawa Umbrina ronchus Valenciennes, 1843 - Fusca drum (Zardeh, Persian; Cedah, Arabic, Kuwait) Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Trewavas in Kuronuma & Abe (1986); by Kuronuma & Abe (1972); subsequently reported subsequently reported by Randall (1995a) and by Basson et al. (1981), Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim Carpenter et al. (1997b). (1982b), Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Krupp & Müller Distribution: Southwestern Mediterranean Sea, (1994), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003) and eastern Atlantic: southern Portugal south to Angola, Jawad (2016b, 2017). including Canary and Cape Verde islands; western Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-Pacific: East and South Indian Ocean: South Africa to Oman and Persian Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar and Gulf. Mascarenes east to Panama (eastern Pacific), north to 103 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

southern Japan, Ogasawara and Hawaiian islands, Striped south to Western Australia, New South Wales Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (Australia), New Caledonia and Tonga. by Valinassab et al. (2006) as Thenus orientalis. IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-Pacific: East and South Remarks: Highly migratory species, Annex I of the Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar and 1982 Convention on the Law of the Sea (FAO, western Mascarenes east to Revillagigedo Fisheries Department 1994). Archipelago and Panama (eastern Pacific), north to southern Japan, Ogasawara Islands and Hawaiian Katsuwonus pelamis (Linnaeus, 1758) - Skipjack Islands. tuna (Havoor-e-masghati, Persian) IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Euthynnus pelamis. Scomber australasicus Cuvier, 1832 - Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm Status in Persian Gulf: New record from Persian temperate seas. Gulf; previously reported by Collette & Nauen IUCN: Least Concern (LC). (1983) as Scomber japonicus (non Houttuyn 1782) Remarks: Highly migratory species, Annex I of the and Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Scomber japonicus 1982 Convention on the Law of the Sea (FAO, (non Houttuyn 1782). Fisheries Department 1994). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-Pacific: East Africa and Persian Gulf east to Hawaiian Islands, north to Japan kanagurta (Cuvier, 1816) - Indian and Kuril Islands, south to Australia and New mackerel (Talal, Persian; Bangalla, Arabic, Kuwait) Zealand; Socorro Island off Mexico (eastern Pacific). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Least Concern (LC). by Regan (1905) as Scomber microlepidotus; subsequently reported by Blegvad & Løppenthin commerson (Lacepède, 1800) - (1944) as Scomber microlepidotus, Khalaf (1961) as Narrow-barred (Shir-mahi, Scomber kanagurta, Mahdi & Georg (1969), Persian; Chaniedah, Arabic, Kuwait) Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986), Basson et al. (1981), Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Relyea (1981), Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim by Menon (1960) as Scomberomorus commersoni; (1982b), Collette & Nauen (1983), Krupp & Müller subsequently reported by Khalaf (1961), Mahdi & (1994), Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), Bishop (2003), Georg (1969) as Cybium commersoni, Kuronuma & Valinassab et al. (2006), Dehghani (2014), Jawad Abe (1972) as Scomberomurus commersoni, Basson (2016b, 2017), Naji et al. (2016) and Ziyadi et al. et al. (1981) as Scomberomorus commersoni, (2018). Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b), Collette & Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Nauen (1983), Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Krupp & South Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and western Müller (1994), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop Mascarenes east to Samoa, north to southern Japan, (2003), Valinassab et al. (2006), Jabado et al. (2013), south to northwestern Australia and New Caledonia; Nasir & Khalid (2013), Dehghani (2014), Fakhri et Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea immigrant). al. (2015) and Eighani et al. (2018). IUCN: Data deficient (DD). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Persian Gulf material: UMPT 06 (1), UMPT 07 (3), South Africa, Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar and USNM 270461 (4). western Mascarenes east to Palau and Fiji, north to Korea and southern Japan, south to New South Wales Sarda orientalis (Temminck & Schlegel, 1844) - (Australia), New Caledonia and Lord Howe Island; 104 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea immigrant). Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm IUCN: Near Threatened (NT). temperate seas. Persian Gulf material: UMPT 19 (1), USNM 226509 IUCN: Vulnerable (VU). (1). Remarks: Highly migratory species, Annex I of the 1982 Convention on the Law of the Sea (FAO, Scomberomorus guttatus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) Fisheries Department 1994). - Indo-Pacific (Ghobad, Qobad and Sheer, Persian; Khubbat, Arabic, Kuwait) Thunnus tonggol (Bleeker, 1851) - Longtail tuna Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (Havoor, Persian) by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Cybium Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf guttatum; subsequently reported by Mahdi (1950) as by Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Kishinoella tonggol; Cybium guttatum, Khalaf (1961), Mahdi & Georg subsequently reported by Carpenter et al. (1997b) (1969) as Indocybium guttatum, Kuronuma & Abe and Naji et al. (2016). (1972, 1986), Basson et al. (1981), Sivasubramaniam Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East & Ibrahim (1982b), Collette & Nauen (1983), Abou- Africa and Persian Gulf east to New Guinea, north to Seedo (1992) as Scomberoides guttatus, Randall southern Japan, south to northern Australia. (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003), IUCN: Data deficient (DD). Valinassab et al. (2006), Nasir & Khalid (2013) as Scomberomorus argenteus and S. gattatus, Dehghani Family Serranidae (2014) and Jawad & Ibrahim (2018a). Remarks. A record of Tosana niwae (Smith & Pope Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to 1906) from Bahrain by Al-Baharna (1986) is Philippines, north to southern Japan. probably erroneous. IUCN: Data deficient (DD). Aethaloperca rogaa (Fabricius [ex Forsskål] in Persian Gulf material: UMPT 13 (1), UMPT 14 (1). Niebuhr 1775) - Redmouth (Hamoor-e-siah, Persian) Thunnus albacares (Bonnaterra, 1788) - Yellowfin Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf tuna (Balang kuni, Persian) by Basson et al. (1981) as rogaa; Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf subsequently reported by Sivasubramaniam & by Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b); Ibrahim (1982a) as Aethaloperca rogga, subsequently reported by Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b), Kuronuma & Bishop (2003) and Dehghani (2014) as Thunnus Abe (1986) as Cephalopholis rogaa, Randall & albacores. Heemstra (1991a), Krupp & Müller (1994) and Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm Carpenter et al. (1997b). temperate seas. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific, East and IUCN: Near Threatened (NT). South Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and Réunion Remarks: Highly migratory species, Annex I of the (western Mascarenes, there now extinct) east to 1982 Convention on the Law of the Sea (FAO, Marshall Islands, Fiji and Samoa, north to southern Fisheries Department1994). Japan, south to northwestern Australia, Queensland (Australia) and New Caledonia. Thunnus obesus (Lowe, 1839) - Bigeye tuna IUCN: Data deficient (DD). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Remarks: Authorship of species name see Fricke by Basson et al. (1981); subsequently reported by (2008). Kuronuma & Abe (1986). 105 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Anyperodon leucogrammicus Valenciennes 1828 - by Smith & Saleh (1987); previously reported by Slender grouper Nader & Jawdat (1977) as Cephalopholis miniatus Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (non Forsskål in Niebuhr 1775), Basson et al. (1981) by Choat et al. in Craig et al. (2011). as Cephalopholis miniatus (non Forsskål in Niebuhr Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East 1775), Relyea (1981) as Cephalopholis miniatus (non Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and Mascarenes Forsskål in Niebuhr 1775), Kuronuma & Abe (1986) east to Marshall Islands, Phoenix Islands and Tonga, as Cephalopholis miniatus (non Forsskål in Niebuhr north to southern Japan, south to Western Australia 1775); subsequently reported by Randall & Heemstra and Queensland (Australia). (1991a), Heemstra & Randall (1993), Krupp & IUCN: Least Concern (LC) Müller (1994), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), Bishop (2003), Bertoncini et al. in Craig Cephalopholis argus Schneider, 1801 - Peacock hind et al. (2011) and Torquato et al. (2017). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: by Regan (1905) as argus; subsequently Gulf of Aden, Oman and Persian Gulf east to reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969) and Kuronuma & Pakistan. Abe (1986). IUCN: Near Threatened (NT). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific, East and Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1932.2.18.7 (1), South Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and BPBM 21270 (2), BPBM 29417 (5), BRC 154 (1), Mascarenes east to Wake Atoll, Hawaiian Islands, USNM 147945 (2). northern Line Islands and Pitcairn Group and French Polynesia, north to southern Japan, south to Western Cephalopholis miniata (Forsskål in Niebuhr 1775) - Australia, Lord Howe Island; introduced to Hawaiian Coral hind Islands. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Least Concern (LC). by Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982a, b) as Persian Gulf material: USNM 386072 (1). Cephalopholis miniatus; subsequently reported by Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Cephalopholis miniatus. (Bloch 1790) - Chocolate hind Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Comoros, by Dehghani (2014); subsequently treported by Madagascar and western Mascarenes east to the Line Tavakoli-Kolour et al. (2015) as Cephalopholis Islands, Fiji and Tonga, north to Japan, south to formosus (non Shaw 1812). Western Australia, Queensland (Australia) and New Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Persian Caledonia. Gulf, Madagascar and western Mascarenes east to IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Philippines and Solomon Islands, north to Shanghai (China) and Ryukyu Islands, south to Western Epinephelus areolatus (Forsskål in Niebuhr 1775) - Australia, Queensland (Australia) and New Areolate grouper (Gataw, Arabic, Kuwait) Caledonia. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Least Concern (LC). by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969), Kuronuma & Cephalopholis hemistiktos (Rüppell, 1830) - Abe (1972, 1986), Relyea (1981), Sivasubramaniam Yellowfin hind (Saman-e-ajori, Persian; Shenainow, & Ibrahim (1982a, b), Hussain et al. (1988), Randall Arabic, Kuwait) & Heemstra (1991a), Heemstra & Randall (1993), Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall (1995a), Carpenter 106 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003), Cornish et al. in Craig Caledonia. et al. (2011), Jawad & Ibrahim (2018b) and Ziyadi et IUCN: Least Concern (LC). al. (2018). Persian Gulf material: USNM 147875 (1). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Fiji, Epinephelus coeruleopunctatus (Blotch, 1790) - Tonga and Samoa, north to southern Japan, south to Western Australia and Queensland (Australia) and Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf New Caledonia. by Basson et al. (1981) as Epinephelus IUCN: Least Concern (LC). coeruleopunctatus and E. summana (non Fabricius Persian Gulf material: ANSP 162139 (2), BMNH [ex Forsskål] in Niebuhr 1775); subsequently 1903.5.14.1 (1), BPBM 29427 (1), BPBM 30579 (1), reported by Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Epinephelus USNM 430922 (1). caeruleopunctatus, Smith & Saleh (1987) as Remarks: Often confused with Epinephelus Epinephelus caeruleopunctatus, Randall & Heemstra chlorostigma. (1991a) as Epinephelus caeruleopunctatus, Krupp & Müller (1994) as Epinephelus caeruleopunctatus, (Vaillant, 1878) - Duskytail Randall (1995a) as Epinephelus caeruleopunctatus, grouper (Hamoor-e-khal-naranji, Persian) Carpenter et al. (1997a, b) as Epinephelus Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf caeruleopunctatus, Bishop (2003) as Epinephelus by Randall & Heemstra (1991a); subsequently caeruleopunctatus, Fennessy et al. in Craig et al. reported by Heemstra & Randall (1993), Krupp & (2011) and Torquato et al. (2017). Müller (1994), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East and South (1997b), Valinassab et al. (2006), Carpenter et al. in Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and western Craig et al. (2011) and Dehghani (2014). Mascarenes east to Marshall Islands, Fiji and Tonga, Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: Persian north to southern Japan, south to Western Australia, Gulf east to Philippines, north to Taiwan, south to northern New South Wales (Australia) and New Northern Territory (Australia). Caledonia. IUCN: Near Threatened (NT). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Persian Gulf material: BPBM 29532 (1), USNM Persian Gulf material: BPBM 33134 (3), BPBM 272109 (2). 33296 (1).

Epinephelus chlorostigma (Valenciennes, 1828) - Epinephelus coioides (Hamilton, 1822) - Orange- (Hamoor-e-manghoot-e- spotted grouper (Hamoor maamooli, Persian) ghahvahei, Persian; Gataw, Arabic, Kuwait) Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Randall & Heemstra (1991a); previously reported by Regan (1905); subsequently reported by Blegvad by Basson et al. (1981) as Epinephelus tauvina (non & Løppenthin (1944), Mahdi & Georg (1969), Fabricius [ex Forsskål] in Niebuhr 1775), Smith & Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986), Basson et al. (1981), Saleh (1987) as Epinephelus malabaricus (non Bloch Relyea (1981) and Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim & Schneider 1801); subsequently reported by (1982a, 1982b). Heemstra & Randall (1993), Krupp & Müller (1994), Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East and South Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997 a, 1997b), Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and Mascarenes Zajonz et al. (2002), Bishop (2003), Valinassab et al. east to Marshall, Tonga and Line islands, north to (2006), Cornish et al. in Craig et al. (2011), Taher et southern Japan, south to Western Australia and New al. (2012) as Epinephelus malabaricus (non Bloch & 107 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Schneider 1801), Nasir & Khalid (2013), Dehghani Persian Gulf material: SMF 28598 (1). (2014) as Epinephelus coioides and E. malabaricus Remark. Sometimes misidentified as Epinephelus (non Bloch & Schneider 1801) and Torquato et al. magniscuttis or . (2017). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Epinephelus flavocaeruleus (Lacepède 1802) - Blue Africa, Madagascar and western Mascarenes east to and Fiji, north to southern Japan and Ryukyu Islands, Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf south to Western Australia, New South Wales by Kuronuma & Abe (1986). (Australia) and New Caledonia; Mediterranean Sea Distribution: Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf, Gulf of (Red Sea immigrant). Aden, East and South Africa, Madagascar and IUCN: Near Threatened (NT). Mascarenes east to Andaman Islands, western Persian Gulf material: BPBM 21299 (3), BPBM Thailand, Malay Peninsula and Sumatra (Indonesia). 21305 (1), BPBM 21318 (1), BPBM 29510 (5), SMF IUCN: Least concern (LC). 10326 (1). Remarks: Frequently misidentified as Epinephelus Epinephelus fuscoguttatus (Forsskål in Niebuhr tauvina or Epinephelus malabaricus (Randall et al. 1775) - Brown- 1997). Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf by Regan (1905); subsequently reported by Epinephelus diacanthus (Valenciennes, 1828) - Kuronuma & Abe (1986) and Nasir (2000). Spinycheek grouper (Hamoor-e-panj-navari, Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Persian) Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and Mascarenes Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf east to Samoa and Phoenix islands, north to Japan, by Nader & Jawdat (1977); subsequently reported by south to Queensland, Australia. Relyea (1981) and Valinassab et al. (2006). IUCN: Near Threatened (NT). Distribution: Northern Indian Ocean: Gulf of Aden, Gulf of Oman and Persian Gulf east to Sri Lanka and Epinephelus latifasciatus (Temminck & Schlegel, southeastern India. 1842) - Striped grouper (Hamoor-e-khaki, Persian) IUCN: Near Threatened (NT). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Persian Gulf material: BRC 152 (1), BRC 153 (1). by Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Epinephelus grammicus; subsequently reported by Kuronuma & (Temminck & Schlegel, Abe (1986), Heemstra & Randall (1993), Carpenter 1842) - Dotted grouper (Hamoor-e-khat-shekasteh, et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003) and Heemstra & Persian) Russell in Craig et al. (2011). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: Persian by Carpenter et al. (1997b); subsequently reported by Gulf east to South China Sea, north to Japan, south to Krupp et al. (2000), Al-Mukhtar et al. (2011), Pollard northwestern Australia. & To in Craig et al. (2011) and Dehghani (2014). IUCN: Data deficient (DD). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and South Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Epinephelus merra Bloch 1793 - Honeycomb Philippines and New Guinea, north to Korea, grouper southern Japan and Ogasawara Islands, south to Status in Persian Gulf: Reported from Persian Gulf northwestern Australia. by Regan (1905); subsequently reported by IUCN: Data deficient (DD). Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Epinephelus merrah. 108 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Epinephelus stoliczkae (Day, 1875) - Epaulet Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Wake Atoll and grouper (Hamoor-e-lakkeh-zeytooni-e-manghoot, Pitcairn Group, north to southern Japan, south to Persian) Western Australia, New South Wales (Australia), Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Lord Howe Island, New Caledonia, Tonga and Rapa. by Mahdi (1950) as stolickzae; IUCN: Least concern (LC). subsequently reported by Menon (1960), Khalaf Persian Gulf material: SMNS 14407 (1). (1961) and Mahdi & Georg (1969). Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: Epinephelus multinotatus (Peters, 1876) - White- Gulf of Aden, Gulf of Oman and Persian Gulf east to blotched grouper Pakistan. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Data deficient (DD). by Randall & Heemstra (1991a); previously reported by Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b) as Epinephelus tauvina (Fabricius [ex Forsskål] in Epinephelus jayakari (non Boulenger 1889); Niebuhr 1775) - Greasy grouper (Hamoor, Arabic, subsequently reported by Heemstra & Randall Kuwait) (1993), Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall (1995a), Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Carpenter et al. (1997a, 1997b), Bishop (2003) and by Regan (1905); subsequently reported by Blegvad Choat et al. in Craig et al. (2011). & Løppenthin (1944), Mahdi (1950), Khalaf (1961), Distribution: Indian Ocean: East Africa, Madagascar Mahdi & Georg (1969), Kuronuma & Abe (1972, and Mascarenes north to Persian Gulf and east to 1986), Relyea (1981), Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim India; northern Territory (Australia) south to Shark (1982a, b), Abu-Hakima (1987), Hussain et al. Bay (Western Australia). (1988), Lee & Al-Baz (1989), Abou-Seedo (1992), IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Nasir (2000), Haseli et al. (2010) and Jawad & Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1975.4.5.11 (1), Ibrahim (2018a). BPBM 21212 (1), BPBM 29516 (2), BPBM 30338 Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and (1), BPBM 30339 (1), BPBM 33124 (1), BPBM South Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and 33336 (3), USNM 148013 (2), USNM 270882 (1). Mascarenes Islands east to Wake Atoll and Pitcairn Group, north to southern Japan, south to New South Epinephelus polylepis Randall & Heemstra, 1991 - Wales (Australia), Lord Howe Island and Rapa. Smallscaled grouper IUCN: Data deficient (DD). Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf Persian Gulf material: UMPT 07 (1), UMPT 09 (1). in original description by Randall & Heemstra Remarks: Authorship of species name see Fricke (1991a); subsequently reported by Heemstra & (2008). Randall (1993), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003) and Bertoncini et al. in Craig Hyporthodus octofasciatus (Griffin, 1926) - Eightbar et al. (2011). grouper Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Gulf of Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Aden, Gulf of Oman and Persian Gulf east to western by Heemstra & Randall (1993) as Epinephelus India. octofasciatus; subsequently reported by Carpenter et IUCN: Near Threatened (NT). al. (1997b) as Epinephelus octofasciatus and Pollard Persian Gulf material: BPBM 30580 (holotype), & To in Craig et al. (2011). ZMUC P.43670 (1 paratype). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf, Gulf of Aden and South Africa, Madagascar and western 109 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Mascarenes east to Marquesas Islands, north to Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Japan, south to Rottnest Island (Western Australia), by Kuronuma & Abe (1972) as Siganus oramin; New Caledonia, northern New Zealand, Kermadec previously reported as Teuthis nebulosa (non Quoy Islands and Tonga. & Gaimard 1825) by Regan (1905); subsequently IUCN: Data deficient (DD). reported by Basson et al. (1981) as Siganus oramin, Relyea (1981) as Siganus oramin, Sivasubramaniam Pseudanthias conspicuus (Heemstra, 1973) & Ibrahim (1982a, b), Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Siganus oramin and S. canaliculatus, Smith & Saleh by Krupp & Müller (1994). (1987), Hussain et al. (1988), Woodland (1990), Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Somalia, Krupp (1991), Abou-Seedo (1992) as Siganus Oman and Persian Gulf east to western India. oramin, Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall (1995a), IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), Nasir (2000) as Siganus oramin, Bishop (2003), Taher et al. (2012), Jawad & Pseudanthias squamipinnis (Peters 1855) - Sea goldie Ibrahim (2014, 2018a), Jawad (2017), Torquato et al. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (2017) and Ziyadi et al. (2018). by Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Franzia Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to squamipinnis; subsequently reported by Krupp Palau, Yap and Papua New Guinea, north to Ryukyu (1991) and Heemstra & Akhilesh (2012). Islands, south to northern Australia. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: South IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar, Aldabra and Persian Gulf material: AMS I.22415-001 (4), AMS western Mascarenes east to Society Islands, north to I.22668-001 (3), SMNS 14403 (1), UMPT 06 (1), southern Japan, south to Western Australia, New UMPT 08 (1), UMPT 09 (2), UMPT 12 (2), USNM Caledonia, Lord Howe Island and Tonga). 267119 (2), USNM 267134 (8). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Remark: Siganus oramin (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) Persian Gulf material: FMNH 2472 (1), UMPT 11 is a junior synonym. (6). Siganus javus (Linnaeus, 1766) - Streaked spinefoot Pseudanthias townsendi (Boulenger, 1897) - (Safi-e-modjar, Persian; Safy, Arabic, Kuwait) Townsend's anthias Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Kuronuma & Abe (1972); subsequently reported by Regan (1905) as Anthias townsendi; subsequently by Relyea (1981), Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim reported by Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1982a) as Siganus jaavus, Sivasubramaniam & (1997b), Heemstra & Akhilesh (2012) and Torquato Ibrahim (1982b), Kuronuma & Abe (1986), et al. (2017). Woodland (1990), Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Gulf of (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), Bishop (2003), Oman and Persian Gulf. Dehghani (2014) and Jawad (2017) as Siganus IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). jarvus. Persian Gulf material: FMNH 5742 (1), USNM Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to 437213 (7), USNM 437231 (23). Philippines and Vanuatu, north to Ryukyu and Ogasawara islands, south to northern Australia. Family Siganidae IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Siganus canaliculatus (Park, 1797) - White-spotted Persian Gulf material: AMS I.22670-001 (2), BPBM spinefoot (Safy, Arabic, Kuwait) 21286 (1), USNM 147986 (7). 110 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Siganus luridus (Rüppell, 1829) - Dusky spinefoot 1098 (1 paratype); QM I.22669-75 (25, 1, 11, 13, 6, Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf 1, 4 paratypes); SAIAB 26877 (1 paratype); USNM by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Teuthis siganus; 288497 (1 paratype). subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Siganus siganus, Woodland (1990), Randall (1995a), Sillago attenuata McKay, 1985 - Slender sillago Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Jawad (2017). Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: East in original description by McKay (1985); Africa and Persian Gulf to Comores and Madagascar, subsequently reported by McKay & McCarthy Réunion and Mauritius (western Mascarenes); (1989), McKay (1992), Randall (1995a) and Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea immigrant). Carpenter et al. (1997b). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Persian Gulf material: AMS I.2267-001 (1), BPBM Gulf endemic. 33950 (2), BPBM 33951 (1). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Persian Gulf material: USNM 147959 (holotype), Siganus rivulatus Forsskål & Niebuhr in Niebuhr USNM 146598 (1 paratype); USNM 147835 (13 1775 - Marbled spinefoot paratypes), USNM 207449 (3 paratypes), WAM Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf P.491 (2 paratypes). by Niebuhr in Forsskål (1775; see Fricke 2008) as Siganus rivulatus, Scarus siganus and Scarus sidjan; Sillago sihama (Fabricius [ex Forsskål] in Niebuhr subsequently reported by Kuronuma & Abe (1986). 1775) - Silver sillago (Shoort, Persian; Hasoom, Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: East Arabic, Kuwait) Africa to Persian Gulf; Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf immigrant). by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently IUCN: Least Concern (LC). reported by Bolster (1948) as Sillago shiams, Mahdi Persian Gulf material: USNM 147988 (7), USNM (1950), Khalaf (1961), Mahdi & Georg (1969), 147989 (2), USNM 147990 (1), USNM 147991 (2), Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986), Basson et al. (1981), USNM 147992 (1), USNM 147993 (3), USNM Relyea (1981), Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim 148025 (2), USNM 196495 (2), USNM 196496 (1), (1982b), Al-Hassan & Hussain (1985), McKay USNM 196497 (2). (1985), Hussain et al. (1988, 1994), McKay & McCarthy (1989), Abou-Seedo (1992), McKay Family Sillaginidae (1992), Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall (1995a), Sillago arabica McKay & McCarthy, 1989 - Arabian Carpenter et al. (1997b), Nasir (2000), Zajonz et al. sillago (2002), Bishop (2003), Jawad & Sabighzadeh (2012), Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf Taher et al. (2012), Dehghani (2014) and Ziyadi et al. in original description by McKay & McCarthy (2018). (1989); subsequently reported by McKay (1992), Distribution: Southern Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: Randall (1995a) and Carpenter et al. (1997b). East and South Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Mascarenes east to Philippines and Solomon Islands, Gulf endemic. north to Korea and southern Japan, south to Western IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Australia, Queensland (Australia) at 21°09'S and Persian Gulf material: QM I.21763 (holotype), New Caledonia. AMNH 48676 (1 paratype); BMNH 1987.6.30.6 (1 IUCN: Least Concern (LC). paratype); BPBM 31806 (1 paratype); MNHN 1987- Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1887.2.2.226 (1), 111 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

SMNS 9976 (3), SMNS 14417 (1). Persian Gulf material: MUFS 33840 (holotype), Remarks: Authorship of species name see Fricke BPBM 21474 (2), BPBM 36100 (1), BRC 165 (1), (2008). MTUF-P 20417 (1), MTUF-P 27224 (1), MUFS 19109 (1 paratype), MUFS 19123-19124 (2 Family Sparidae paratypes), MUFS 19568 (1 paratype), MUFS Acanthopagrus arabicus Iwatsuki, 2013 - Arabian 25800-25805 (6 paratypes), MUFS 27226 (1 yellowfin seabream (Shaanak and Shanak-e- paratype), MUFS 33839 (1 paratype), SMNS 14409 zardbaleh, Persian; Sheim, Arabic, Kuwait) (1), UMPT 13 (1), USNM 147850 (3), USNM Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf 147851 (82), USNM 147852 (10), USNM 147853 in original description by Iwatsuki (2013); also (59). reported by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Sparus datnia (non Hamilton 1822), Mahdi & Georg (1969) Acanthopagrus berda (Fabricius [ex Forsskål] in as Sparus datnia (non Hamilton 1822) and Niebuhr 1775) - Goldsilk seabream (Mozaizy, Acanthopagrus latus (non Houttuyn 1782), Arabic, Kuwait) Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986) as Acanthopagrus Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf latus (non Houttuyn 1782), Nader & Jawdat (1977) by Bolster (1948); subsequently reported from as Acanthopagrus latus (non Houttuyn 1782), Relyea Persian Gulf by Mahdi (1950) as Sparus berda, (1981) as Acanthopagrus latus (non Houttuyn 1782), Khalaf (1961), Mahdi & Georg (1969), Kuronuma & Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982a, 1982b) as Abe (1972, 1986), Basson et al. (1981), Relyea Mylio latus (non Houttuyn 1782), Hussain et al. (1981), Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b) as (1988) as Acanthopagrus latus (non Houttuyn 1782), Mylio berda, Al-Hassan & Hussain (1985), Smith & Lee & Al-Baz (1989) as Acanthopagrus latus (non Saleh (1987), Hussain et al. (1988) as Acanthopagrud Houttuyn 1782), Al-Hassan (1990) as Acanthopagrus berda, Abou-Seedo (1992), Krupp & Müller (1994), latus (non Houttuyn 1782), Abou-Seedo (1992) as Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Nasir Acanthopagrus latus (non Houttuyn 1782), Hussain (2000) and Bishop (2003). et al. (1994, 2001) as Acanthopagrus latus (non Distribution: Red Sea, Indian Ocean: East and South Houttuyn 1782), Randall (1995a) as Acanthopagrus Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to latus (non Houttuyn 1782), Carpenter et al. (1997b) Malaysia and near Singapore. as Acanthopagrus latus (non Houttuyn 1782), Nasir IUCN: Least Concern (LC). (2000) as Acanthopagrus latus (non Houttuyn 1782), Persian Gulf material: SMNS 14394 (8). Bishop (2003) as Acanthopagrus latus (non Houttuyn Remarks: Authorship of species name see Fricke 1782), Valinassab et al. (2006) as Acanthopagrus (2008). latus (non Houttuyn 1782), Taher et al. (2012) as Acanthopagrus latus (non Houttuyn 1782), Nasir & Acanthopagrus bifasciatus (Forsskål in Niebuhr Khalid (2013) as Acanthopagrus latus (non Houttuyn 1775) - Twobar seabream (Fasker, Arabic, Kuwait) 1782), Dehghani (2014) as Acanthopagrus latus (non Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Houttuyn 1782), Vahabnezhad et al. (2017) as by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Sparus Acanthopagrus latus (non Houttuyn 1782); bifasciatus; subsequently reported by Mahdi & subsequently reported by Esmaeili et al. (2014) and Georg (1969) as Sparus bifasciatus, Kuronuma & Doustdar et al. (2017). Abe (1972, 1986), Basson et al. (1981), Relyea Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Oman and (1981), Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982a, b) as Persian Gulf east to western India. Mylio bifasciatus, Etessami (1983), Smith & Saleh IUCN: Least Concern (LC). (1987), Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall (1995a), 112 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), Bishop (2003), Argyrops filamentosus (Valenciennes, 1830) - Valinassab et al. (2006), Taher et al. (2012), Soldierbream Torquato et al. (2017) and Ziyadi et al. (2018). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: by Kuronuma & Abe (1972); subsequently reported Mozambique Channel, Persian Gulf, Gulf of Oman by Basson et al. (1981), Relyea (1981) and and Iran to Pakistan. Kuronuma & Abe (1986). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: East Persian Gulf material: USNM 111436 (1), USNM and South Africa and Persian Gulf to Madagascar 147854 (33), USNM 196471 (1), USNM 266730 (1), and western Mascarenes (Réunion, Mauritius). USNM 393606 (1). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Persian Gulf material: SMNS 14396 (1), USNM Acanthopagrus catenula (Lacepède, 1801) - Bridled 226507 (1). seabream Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Argyrops spinifer (Forsskål in Niebuhr 1775) - King by Al-Badri & Jawad (2014). soldier bream (Kupar, Persian; Andag, Arabic, Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf Kuwait) and Oman to South Africa, Madagascar, Mauritius Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf and Rodriguez. by Regan (1905) as Pagrus spinifer; subsequently IUCN: Data deficient (DD). reported by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Sparus spinifer, Mahdi (1950) as Sparus spinifer, Mahdi & Acanthopagrus randalli Iwatsuki & Carpenter, 2009 Georg (1969), Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986), - Randall's Black Seabream Basson et al. (1981), Relyea (1981), Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982a, b), Krupp & in original description by Iwatsuki & Carpenter Müller (1994), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (2009). (1997b), Zajonz et al. (2002), Bishop (2003), Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Valinassab et al. (2006), Ghanbarzadeh et al. (2014, Gulf endemic. 1027), Jawad & Ibrahim (2017b, 2018a, c) and IUCN: Data deficient (DD). Ziyadi et al. (2018). Persian Gulf material: BPBM 33135 (holotype); Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East MTUF-P 27226 (1 paratype). Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar and western Mascarenes east to Indonesia, north to South China Acanthopagrus sheim Iwatsuki 2013 - Sheim Sea, south to northern Australia. Seabream IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf Persian Gulf material: UMPT 11 (8), UMPT 13 (3), in original description by Iwatsuki (2013). UMPT 15 (3), UMPT 18 (1), UMPT 19 (15), UMPT Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian 20 (10), USNM 196466 (1), USNM 267078 (1), Gulf and Oman east to western India. USNM 267106 (2), USNM 267124 (2), USNM IUCN: Data deficient (DD). 267139 (1). Persian Gulf material: MUFS 33838 (holotype), AMS B.8280 (1), BPBM 29452 (2), BPBM 33424 Cheimerius nufar (Valencienes, 1830) - Santer (5), FAKU 268-273 (6), FAKU 849 (1), FAKU 871 seabream (Nahash, Arabic, Kuwait) (1), MTUF 20419 (1), MUFS 33852-33854 (3 Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf paratypes). by Kuronuma & Abe (1972); subsequently reported 113 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

by Relyea (1981), Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as in original description by Steindachner (1876); Dentex nufar, Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall subsequently reported by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Nasir (2000) and (1944) as Sargus noct (non Valenciennes 1830), Bishop (2003). Khalaf (1961) as Diplodus sargus (non Linnaeus Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: East 1758), Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Diplodus sargus and South Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and (non Linnaeus 1758) and D. noct (non Valenciennes western Mascarenes (Réunion, Mauritius) east to 1830), Kuronuma & Abe (1972) as Diplodus noct Pakistan. (non Valenciennes 1830), Basson et al. (1981) as IUCN: Data deficient (DD). Sargus noct (non Valenciennes 1830), Relyea (1981) Persian Gulf material: BMNH 2014.5.27.1 (1), as Diplodus noct (non Valenciennes 1830), SMNS 14411 (1). Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982a, 1982b) as Diplodus kotoschyi, Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Crenidens indicus Day 1873 - Karanteen seabream Diplodus sargus (non Linnaeus 1758) and D. kotscyi, (Sim-e-dandan-noma, Persian; Battanah, Arabic, Smith & Saleh (1987) as Diplodus sargus kotschyi, Kuwait) Krupp (1991) as Diplodus sargus (non Linnaeus Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf 1758), Abou-Seedo (1992) as Diplodus sargus (non by Iwatsuki & Maclaine (2013); previously reported Linnaeus 1758), Krupp & Müller (1994) as Diplodus by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Crenidens sargus kotschyi, Randall (1995a) as Diplodus sargus crenidens (non Forsskål in Niebuhr 1775), Mahdi & kotschyi, Carpenter et al. (1997a, b) as Diplodus Georg (1969) as Crenidens crenidens (non Forsskål sargus kotschyi and Bishop (2003) as Diplodus in Niebuhr 1775), Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986) as sargus kotschyi. Crenidens crenidens (non Forsskål n Niebuhr 1775), Distribution Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Basson et al. (1981) as Crenidens crenidens (non Gulf and Oman east to India. Forsskål in Niebuhr 1775), Relyea (1981) as IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Crenidens crenidens (non Forsskål in Niebuhr 1775), Persian Gulf material: BMNH 2014.5.27.33 (1), Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982a, 1982b) as SMNS 14426 (1), USNM 147603 (2), USNM Crenidens crenidens (non Forsskål in Niebuhr 1775), 147860 (1), USNM 147861 (38), USNM 147862 Krupp & Müller (1994) as Crenidens crenidens (non (19), USNM 196465 (1), USNM 393567 (1). Forsskål in Niebuhr 1775), Randall (1995a) as Remarks. Raised to species level by Fricke et al. Crenidens crenidens (non Forsskål in Niebuhr 1775), (2016). Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Crenidens crenidens (non Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775) and Bishop (2003) as Pagellus affinis Boulenger, 1888 - Arabian pandora Crenidens crenidens (non Forsskål in Niebuhr 1775). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: by Bauchot & Bauchot (1983); previously reported Gulf of Aden and Persian Gulf east to Pakistan. by Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982a, b) as IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Pagellus sp.; subsequently reported by Kuronuma & Persian Gulf material: USNM 147857 (3), USNM Abe (1986) as Pagellus natalensis (non Steindachner 147858 (1), USNM 148118 (1), USNM 148120 (20), 1903) and Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b). USNM 267084 (3). Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf to Gulf of Aden and Somalia to Pakistan and Diplodus kotschyi (Steindachner, 1876) - One-spot India. seabream (Mochwah, Arabic, Kuwait) IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Persian Gulf material: UMPT 11 (1). 114 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Rhabdosargus haffara (Fabricius [ex Forsskål] in belayewi and Zajonz et al. (2002) as Petrus belayewi. Niebuhr 1775) - Haffara seabream Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Gulf endemic. by Krupp & Müller (1994); subsequently reported by IUCN: Not evaluated (NE). Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003) and Ziyadi et al. (2018). Sparidentex hasta (Valenciennes, 1830) - Sobaity Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: East seabream (Sobaity, Persian; Mozaizy, sobaity, Africa and Madagascar to Persian Gulf; Arabic, Kuwait) Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea immigrant; Golani Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf 1998). by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Sparus cuvieri; IUCN: Least Concern (LC). subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Persian Gulf material: USNM 147855 (39), USNM Sparus cuvieri, Kuronuma & Abe (1972) as 147856 (1), USNM 147859 (5), USNM 147864 (4), Acanthopagrus cuvieri, Basson et al. (1981) as USNM 147867 (1), USNM 267076 (1), USNM Acanthopagrus cuvieri, Relyea (1981) as 267128 (7), USNM 393547 (1). Acanthopagrus cuvieri, Al-Hassan & Hussain Remarks: Authorship of species name see Fricke (1985), Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Smith & Saleh (2008). (1987), Hussain et al. (1988, 1994), Abou-Seedo (1992) as Acanthopagrus cuvieri, Krupp & Müller Rhabdosargus sarba (Fabricius [ex Forsskål] in (1994), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997a, Niebuhr 1775) - Goldlined seabream 1997b), Nasir (2000) as Sparus hasta, Bishop (2003) Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf and Dehghani (2014) as Acanthopagrus cuvieri. by Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Rhabdoscarus sarba; Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian subsequently reported by Relyea (1981), Gulf east to India; introduced to Western Australia. Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b), Kuronuma & IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Abe (1986) as Sparus sarba, Abou-Seedo (1992), Persian Gulf material: BMNH 2014.5.27.41 (1), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop MNHN 1984-0349 (1), SMNS 14401 (1), USNM (2003) and Taher et al. (2012). 148087 (1). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Remark: Acanthopagrus cuvieri (Day, 1875) is a South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar junior synonym. and Mascarenes east to Philippines, north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia. Sparus aurata Linnaeus, 1758 - Gilthead seabream IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Status in Persian Gulf: Introduced in Persian Gulf. Persian Gulf material: USNM 196467 (1), USNM Distribution: Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea, eastern 196468 (2), USNM 267081 (4), USNM 267122 (4). Atlantic: British Isles to Senegal, Cape Verde Remarks: Authorship of species name see Fricke Islands; introduced in Madeira; introduced (2008). elsewhere. IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Sparidentex belayewi Hora & Misra 1943 Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Family Sphyraenidae of Bolster (1948) as Petrus belayewi; subsequently Sphyraena barracuda (Edwards, 1771) - Great reported by Mahdi (1950) as Petrus belayewi, Khalaf barracuda (1961) as Petrus belayewi, Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Petrus belayewi, Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Petrus by Smith & Saleh (1987); previously reported by 115 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Basson et al. (1981) as Sphyraena japonica (non Abou-Seedo (1992), Krupp & Müller (1994), Cuvier 1829); subsequently reported by Krupp & Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003), Taher et al. Müller (1994), Randall et al. (1994), Carpenter et al. (2012), Dehghani (2014), Naji et al. (2016), Jawad (1997b) and Bishop (2003). (2017), and Torquato et al. (2017). Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and temperate seas, except for eastern Pacific (waifs South Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and reaching Galápagos Archipelago). Mauritius (Mascarenes) east to Fiji and Tonga, north IUCN: Least Concern (LC). to Taiwan, south to Western Australia, New South Wales (Australia) and New Caledonia. Sphyraena flavicauda Rüppell, 1838 - Yellowtail IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). barracuda Persian Gulf material: USNM 148083 (1). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Relyea (1981); subsequently reported by Sphyraena obtusata Cuvier, 1829 - Obtuse barracuda Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Carpenter et al. (1997a, b) (Kotr-e-dahan-zard, Persian; Edwailmy, Arabic, and Bishop (2003). Kuwait) Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles and Madagascar east by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently to Philippines and New Guinea, north to southern reported by Mahdi (1950) as Sphyraena obtusus, Japan, south to northern Australia; Mediterranean Menon (1960), Khalaf (1961), Mahdi & Georg Sea (Red Sea immigrant). (1969) as S. obtusata and S. langsar, Kuronuma & IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Abe (1972, 1986), Basson et al. (1981), Relyea Persian Gulf material: USNM 267141 (1). (1981), Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982a, 1982b), Abou-Seedo (1992), Krupp & Müller (1994), Sphyraena forsteri Cuvier, 1829 - Bigeye barracuda Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003) and (Kotr-e-chashm-dorosht, Persian) Dehghani (2014). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and by Carpenter et al. (1997b); subsequently reported by South Africa, Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar and Bishop (2003) as Sphyraena fosteri and Dehghani Mascarenes east to Samoa, north to southern Japan (2014). and Korea, south to Lord Howe Islands and New Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Caledonia. Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Society IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). and Marquesas islands, north to southern Japan, Persian Gulf material: BMNH 2014.5.27.26-30 (5), south to New Caledonia and Tonga. USNM 267129 (2), USNM 267135 (19), USNM IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). 267137 (5). Persian Gulf material: USNM 267115 (2). Sphyraena pinguis Günther 1874 - Red barracuda Sphyraena jello Cuvier, 1829 - Pickhandle barracuda Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (Kotr-e-sadeh, Persian; Edwailmy, Arabic, Kuwait) by Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Sphyraena Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf chrysotaenia. by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: South reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969), Kuronuma & Africa and Prsian Gulf east to Australia, north to Abe (1972, 1986), Basson et al. (1981), Relyea Japan, Korea and China; introduced into Black Sea. (1981), Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982a, 1982b), IUCN: Not evaluated (NE). 116 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Persian Gulf material: UMPT 07 (1), UMPT 15 (1). Bloch 1795); subsequently reported by Bolster Remarks: Sphyraena chrysotaenia Klunzinger 1884 (1948), Mahdi (1950), Khalaf (1961), Mahdi & is a junior synonym. Georg (1969), Kuronuma & Abe (1972), Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Pampus argeneteus, Hussain et al. Sphyraena putnamae Jordan & Seale, 1905 - (1988), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Sawtooth barracuda (Kotr-e-mavvaj, Persian) Nasir (2000, 2016), Bishop (2003), Valinassab et al. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (2006), Nasir & Khalid (2013), Dehghani (2014) and by Carpenter et al. (1997a, b) as Sphyraena Jawad (2014). putnamiae; subsequently reported by Krupp et al. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf and (2000) as Sphyraena putnamiae, Bishop (2003) as Oman east to Philippines and Indonesia, north to Sphyraena putnamiae, Taher et al. (2012) as Japan. Sphyraena pulnamiae, Jawad (2017), Torquato et al. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). (2017) and Ziyadi et al. (2018). Persian Gulf material: BMNH 2014.5.27.40 (1), Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East UMPT 13 (1), UMPT 19 (3), UMPT 20 (1). Africa and Madagascar east to Fiji and Tuvalu, north to southern Japan, south to Western Australia, Pampus chinensis (Euphrasen, 1788) - Chinese silver Queensland (Australia) and New Caledonia. pomfret IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Persian Gulf material: SMF 28597 (1). by Misra (1947) as Chondroplites chinensis; Remarks: Sphyraena bleekeri Williams 12959 is a subsequently reported by Bolster (1948) as junior synonym. Chondreplites chinensis, Mahdi (1950) as Chondroplites chinensis, Khalaf (1961) as Sphyraena qenie Klunzinger, 1870 - Blackfin Chondroplites chinensis, Mahdi & Georg (1969), barracuda Kuronuma & Abe (1986) and Coad (2010). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to by Carpenter et al. (1997a, b); subsequently reported Philipines and eastern Indonesia, north to southern by Bishop (2003). Japan. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar and Mauritius (Mascarenes) east to Mexico and Ecuador Family (eastern Pacific), Tuamotu Archipelago and Pelates quadrilineatus (Bloch, 1790) - Fourlined Marquesas Islands, north to Hawaiian Islands, south (Yalli-e-chahar-khat, Persian; Yemyam, to Western Australia, Queensland (Australia), New Arabic, Kuwait) Caledonia, Tonga, New Zealand and Rapa. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969), Kuronuma & Family Stromateidae Abe (1972, 1986) as Helotes sexlineatus (non Quoy Pampus argenteus (Euphrasen, 1788) - Silver & Gaimard 1835) and P. quadrolineatus, Basson et pomfret (Halva sefid, Persian; Zobaidy, Arabic, al. (1981) as Helotes sexlineatus (non Quoy & Kuwait) Gaimard 1835), Relyea (1981) as Helotes sexlineatus Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (non Quoy & Gaimard 1835) and P. quadrilineatus, by Misra (1947); previously reported by Blegvad & Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b), Abou-Seedo Løppenthin (1944) as Stromateus cinereus (non (1992), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Zajonz et al. (2002), 117 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Bishop (2003) and Taher et al. (2012). Carpenter et al. (1997b), Zajonz et al. (2002), Bishop Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East (2003), Taher et al. (2012) and Ziyadi et al. (2018). Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and Mauritius Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East (Mascarenes) east to Philippines, New Guinea and Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Vanuatu, north to southern Japan, south to Western Philippines, south to Western Australia and Australia and southeastern Queensland (Australia); Queensland (Australia); Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea immigrant). immigrant). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Persian Gulf material: SMNS 14414 (1), UMPT 06 Persian Gulf material: SMNS 14423 (1), UMPT 06 (38), UMPT 07 (28), UMPT 08 (1), UMPT 10 (3), (7), UMPT 07 (1), UMPT 15 (22), USNM 147870 USNM 147871 (26), USNM 148110 (1), USNM (21). 148116 (1), USNM 266123 (16). Terapon theraps Cuvier, 1829 - Largescaled terapon (Fabricius [ex Forsskål] in Niebuhr, (Theeb, Arabic, Kuwait) 1775) - Jarbua terapon (Yalli-e-khatkamani, Persian) Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently reported by Mahdi (1950) as Therapon theraps, reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Therapon Menon (1960) as Therapon theraps, Khalaf (1961) as jarbua, Relyea (1981), Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim Therapon theraps, Mahdi & Georg (1969) as (1982b), Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Carpenter et al. Eutherapon theraps, Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986), (1997b), Zajonz et al. (2002), Bishop (2003), Taher Relyea (1981), Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall et al. (2012) and Morandinasab et al. (2014). (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Zajonz et al. (2002) Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Bishop (2003). Africa, Madagascar and western Mascarenes (now Distribution: Red Sea and Indo-West Pacific: East extinct in Réunion) east to Palau, Samoa and Tonga, Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to north to southern Japan, south to Western Australia, Philippines and Rotuma, south to Western Australia New South Wales (Australia); Mediterranean Sea and Queensland (Australia) and New Caledonia, (immigrant through Suez Canal). north to Ryukyu Islands and southern Japan; IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Mediterranean Sea (immigrant through Suez Canal). Persian Gulf material: SU 68598 (6), USNM 147601 IUCN: Least Concern (LC). (2), USNM 147836 (1), USNM 147868 (7), USNM Persian Gulf material: UMPT 06 (6), UMPT 07 (1), 147869 (3), USNM 148109 (3). UMPT 13 (1), UMPT 15 (3), UMPT 19 (4), USNM Remarks: Authorship of species name see Fricke 147825 (1). (2008). Family Trichiuridae Terapon puta Cuvier, 1829- Small-scaled terapon Eupleurogrammus glossodon (Bleeker, 1860) - (Zamrool, Arabic, Kuwait) Longtooth hairtail Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently by Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Eupleurogrammus reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Autisthes puta, intermedius; subsequently reported by Randall Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986), Basson et al. (1981), (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003) and Relyea (1981), Hussain et al. (1988), Abou-Seedo Jawad (2017). (1992), Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall (1995a), Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf and 118 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Oman east to Indonesia. Family Trichonotidae IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Trichonotus arabicus Randall & Tarr, 1994 - Arabian Persian Gulf material: SMNS 14405 (1), UMPT 11 sand diver (2), UMPT 16 (1), UMPT 17 (4). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Remarks: Trichiurus intermedius Gray 1831 is a in original description by Randall & Tarr (1994); junior synonym. previously reported by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Trichonotus setigerus (non Bloch & Schneider Eupleurogrammus muticus (Gray, 1831) - Smallhead 1801), Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Trichonotus setiger hairtail (non Bloch & Schneider 1801), Kuronuma & Abe Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (1986) as Trichonotus setigerus (non Bloch by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Trichiurus &Schneider 1801), Krupp & Müller (1994) as muticus; subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg Trichonotus sp.; subsequently reported by Randall (1969) as Trichurus muticus, Kuronuma & Abe (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Katayama & Endo (1986), Abou-Seedo (1992) as Trichiurus muticus, (2010) and Katayama et al. (2012). Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Nasir Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian (2000), Bishop (2003), Eighani et al. (2013), Gulf to southern Oman. Dehghani (2014) and Jawad (2017). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf and Persian Gulf material: BPBM 35746 (holotype), Oman east to Indonesia, north to Korea. BMNH 1993.10.7.1 (6 paratypes), BPBM 33115 (1 IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). paratype), BPBM 33142 (1 paratype), BPBM 33146 Persian Gulf material: UMPT 07 (2). (1 paratype), BPBM 33236 (1 paratype), CAS 80524 (1 paratype), SAIAB 42715 (2 paratypes), SMF Trichiurus lepturus Linnaeus, 1758 - Largehead 26994 (2 paratypes), SNMNH F50 (2 paratypes), hairtail (Yaal-asbi-e-sar-bozorg, Persian; Ea'sabah, USNM 326971 (1 paratype), ZMUC P.6234 (1 Arabic, Kuwait) paratype). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Menon (1960) as Trichiurus haumela; Family Tripterygiidae subsequently reported by Mahdi (1950) as Trichiurus Enneapterygius pusillus Rüppell, 1835 - Highcrest haumela, Khalaf (1961) as Trichiurus haumela, triplefin Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Trichurus haumela, Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Kuronuma & Abe (1972) as Trichiurus haumela, by Wright (1988); subsequently reported by Krupp & Relyea (1981) as Trichiurus haumela, Kuronuma & Müller (1994), Randall (1995c), Carpenter et al. Abe (1986), Hussain et al. (1988, 1994), Krupp & (1997b), Holleman (2005) and Jawad et al. (2010). Müller (1994), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: East (2003), Valinassab et al. (2006), Nasir & Khalid and South Africa, Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman (2013) as Triehiurus lepturus, Dehghani (2014) and east to southern India. Jawad (2017). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm Persian Gulf material: BPBM 35412 (2). temperate seas. IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Enneapterygius ventermaculus Holleman, 1982 - Persian Gulf material: UMPT 07 (1), UMPT 11 (1), Blotched triplefin UMPT 15 (2), UMPT 16 (2). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Randall (1995a); subsequently reported by 119 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Carpenter et al. (1997a, b) and Bishop (2003). Persian Gulf material: BPBM 30458 (holotype), Distribution: Southern Red Sea, western Indian AMNH 97301 (1 paratype), AMS I.34236-001 (1 Ocean: East and South Africa, Persian Gulf and Gulf paratype), BMNH 1993.9.25.1 (1 paratype), BPBM of Oman east to Pakistan. 33308 (2 paratypes), BPBM 33353 (3 paratypes), IUCN: Least Concern (LC). USNM 326758 (1 paratype).

Helcogramma steinitzi Clark, 1980 - Red triplefin Order PLEURONECTIFORMES Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Family Bothidae by Randall (1995c); previously reported by Krupp & Arnoglossus aspilos (Bleeker, 1851) - Spotless Müller (1994) as Helcogramma sp.; subsequently lefteye flounder reported by Randall (1995a) and Carpenter et al. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (1997b). by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969), Relyea (1981), Gulf of Oman and Persian Gulf. Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Randall (1995a), IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Fricke et al. (2017). Persian Gulf material: BPBM 30920 (4). BPBM Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to 33295 (1). Philippines and New Guinea, north to Taiwan, south to Queensland (Australia). Family Uranoscopidae IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). dollfusi Brüss, 1987 - Dollfus' stargazer Persian Gulf material: UMPT 06 (1), UMPT 10 (1), (Oranoos-mahi, Persian) UMPT 11 (2), UMPT 13 (12), UMPT 15 (2), UMPT Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf 16 (5), UMPT 18 (16), UMPT 19 (4), UMPT 20 (1). by Randall (1995a); previously reported by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Uranoscopus guttatus (non Arnoglossus macrolophus Alcock 1889 - Drab Cuvier 1829), Mahdi & Georg (1969) as flounder Uranoscopus guttatus (non Cuvier 1829), Kuronuma Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf & Abe (1986) as Uranoscopus guttatus (non Cuvier by Fricke et al. (2017); previously reported by 1829); subsequently reported by Carpenter et al. Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Arnoglossus (1997b). tapeinosoma (non Bleeker 1865), Randall (1995a) as Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: Arnoglossus tapeinosoma (non Bleeker 1865) and Gulf of Oman, Persian Gulf. Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Arnoglossus tapeinosoma IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). (non Bleeker 1865). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: Family Xenisthmidae Madagascar and Persian Gulf east to Philippines and Xenisthmus balius Gill & Randall, 1994 - Freckled New Guinea, north to southern Japan, south to wriggler northern Australia and New Caledonia. Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). in original description by Gill & Randall (1994); subsequently reported by Randall (1995a) and Bothus pantherinus (Rüppell, 1830) - Leopard Carpenter et al. (1997b). flounder (Khofaah, Arabic, Kuwait) Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Gulf endemic. by Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Pseudorhombus IUCN: Least Concern (LC). pantherinus; subsequently reported by Kuronuma & 120 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Abe (1972, 1986), Relyea (1981), Sivasubramaniam Philipines and Indonesia. & Ibrahim (1982b), Krupp & Müller (1994), IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), Bishop (2003), Jawad & Al-Badri (2015) and Ziyadi et al. (2018). Laeops parviceps Günther 1880 - Smallheaded Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and flounder South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar Status in Persian Gulf: New record from Persian Gulf and Mascarenes east to Hawaiian Islands, Marquesas based on USNM 362501 (1) from off Bahrain Islands and Society Islands, north to southern Japan (specimen identified by K. Amaoka). and Ogasawara Islands, south to New Caledonia and Distribution: Southeastern Atlantic Ocean; Indo- Lord Howe Island and Norfolk Island. West Pacific: Persian Gulf; Vietnam east to IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Philippines and New Guinea, north to Taiwan, south Persian Gulf material: UMPT 05 (4), UMPT 12 (4), to northern Australia. USNM 375632 (1). IUCN: Not evaluated (NE). Persian Gulf material: USNM 362501 (1). Engyprosopon grandisquama (Temminck & Schlegel 1846) - Largescale flounder Family Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Brachypleura novaezeelandiae Günther, 1862 - by Kuronuma & Abe (1986). Yellow-dabbled flounder Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Africa and Pwersian Gulf east to Philippines, north to by Kuronuma & Abe (1986); subsequently reported southern Japan, south to Western Australia, by Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall (1995a) and Queensland (Australia) and New Caledonia. Carpenter et al. (1997b). IUCN: Not evaluated (NE). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to Persian Gulf material: UMPT 10 (8). Philippines and New Guinea, north to southern China, south to northern Australia. Grammatobothus polyophthalmus (Bleeker, 1865) - IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Threespot flounder Persian Gulf material: UMPT 11 (30). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Kuronuma & Abe (1986); subsequently reported Family Cynoglossidae by Randall (1995a) and Carpenter et al. (1997b). Cynoglossus arel (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) - Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to Largescale tonguesole (Zabangavi-e-doroshtpoolak, Philippines, north to southern Japan, south to Persian; Lessan-althor, Arabic, Kuwait) northern Australia. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Least Concern (LC). by Menon (1977); previously reported by Blegvad & Persian Gulf material: UMPT 05 (8). Løppenthin (1944) as Cynoglossus macrolepidotus (non Bleeker 1851), Bolster (1948) as Cynoglossus Laeops guentheri Alcock, 1890 - Günther's flounder lingva (non Hamilton 1822), Khalaf (1961) as Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Cynoglossus lingua (non Hamilton 1822), Mahdi & by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently Georg (1969) as Cynoglossus macrolepidotus (non reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969), Relyea (1981) as Bleeker 1851), Kuronuma & Abe (1972) as Laeops guntheri, Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Randall Cynoglossus macrolepidotus (non Bleeker 1851), (1995a) and Carpenter et al. (1997b). Relyea (1981), Al-Hassan & Hussain (1985) as Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to Cynoglossus macrolepidotus (non Bleeker 1851) and 121 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

C. arel; subsequently reported by Kuronuma & Abe (non Regan 1908), Khalaf (1961) as Cynoglossus (1986), Hussain et al. (1988, 1994), Randall (1995a), sealarki (non Regan 1908), Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Carpenter et al. (1997b), Nasir (2000), Bishop Cynoglossus sealarki (non Regan 1908); (2003), Ali et al. (2014b), Dehghani (2014), Ghaffari subsequently reported by Relyea (1981) as et al. (2015) and Ziyadi et al. (2018). Cynoglossus kopsi, Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to Cynoglossus kopsi, Randall (1995a) and Carpenter et Indonesia, north to southern Japan. al. (1997b). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf and Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1911.2.23.58-67 (10), Madagascar east to Philippines and New Guinea, UMPT 13 (1), UMPT 14 (1), UMPT 15 (1), UMPT north to Taiwan, south to northern Australia. 16 (8), UMPT 17 (3), UMPT 18 (3), UMPT 19 (7). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Persian Gulf material: UMPT 05 (10), UMPT 11 (1), Cynoglossus bilineatus (Lacepède, 1802) - Fourlined UMPT 13 (7), UMPT 14 (1), UMPT 19 (13), UMPT tonguesole (Zabangavi-e-chaharkhat, Persian) 20 (12), ZMUC uncat. (1), ZSI uncat. (1). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently Cynoglossus puncticeps (Richardson, 1846) - reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969), Relyea (1981), Speckled tonguesole Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Pouladi Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf et al. (2018). by Mahdi & Georg (1969); subsequently reported by Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: East Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Randall (1995a) and Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Carpenter et al. (1997b). Philippines, north to southern Japan, south to Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Pesian Gulf east to northern Australia. Philippines and New Guinea, north to South China IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Sea, south to northwestern Australia. Persian Gulf material: SMNS 25208 (4). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE).

Cynoglossus carpenteri Alcock, 1889 - Hooked Paraplagusia bilineata (Bloch 1787) - Doublelined tonguesole tonguesole Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: Reported from Persian Gulf by Menon (1977); subsequently reported by Randall by Bishop (2003). (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Cynoglossus Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and carpentieri and Bishop (2003) as Cynoglossus South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar carpentieri. and Mascarenes (Mauritius, Rodrigues) east to Distribution: Northern Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf Philippines and New Guinea, north to southern east to India. Japan, south to Queensland (Australia). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1903.7.8.24-26 (3). Family Paralichthyidae Cynoglossus kopsii (Bleeker, 1851) - Shortheaded Pseudorhombus arsius (Hamilton, 1822) - Largetooth tonguesole flounder (Khofaah, Arabic, Kuwait) Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Menon (1977) as Cynoglossus kopsi; previously by Regan (1905); subsequently reported by Blegvad reported by Menon (1960) as Cynoglossus sealarki & Løppenthin (1944), Menon (1960), Khalaf (1961), 122 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Mahdi & Georg (1969), Kuronuma & Abe (1972, by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently 1986), Relyea (1981), Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim reported by Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Carpenter et (1982b), Hussain et al. (1988), Abou-Seedo (1992), al. (1997b) and Bishop (2003). Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall (1995a), Carpenter Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to et al. (1997b), Nasir (2000), Bishop (2003) and Philippines. Dehghani (2014). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa and Persian Gulf east to Marshall Islands and Family Psettodidae Fiji, north to southern Japan, south to New South Psettodes erumei (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) - Indian Wales (Australia). halibut (Kafshak-e-tiz-dandan, Persian; Khofaah, IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Arabic, Kuwait) Persian Gulf material: SMNS 14413 (1), UMPT 05 Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (3), UMPT 10 (4), UMPT 11 (1), UMPT 16 (3), by Regan (1905); subsequently reported by Blegvad UMPT 19 (1), UMPT 20 (3), USNM 375485 (1). & Løppenthin (1944), Mahdi (1950) as Psettodes eromei, Mahdi & Georg (1969), Kuronuma & Abe Pseudorhombus elevatus Ogilby, 1912 - Deep (1972, 1986), Relyea (1981), Hussain et al. (1988), flounder (Kafshak-e-por-lakkeh, Persian) Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (2003), Valinassab et al. (2006), Hosseini et al. by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently (2013) and Ziyadi et al. (2018). reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969), Relyea (1981), Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Randall (1995a), Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and Mauritius Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003), Hosseini et (Mascarenes) east to Philippines, north to southern al. (2013) and Pouladi et al. (2018). Japan, south to Perth (Western Australia) and Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East and South Queensland (Australia). Africa and Persian Gulf east to Philippines and New IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Guinea, north to Taiwan, south to northern Australia. Persian Gulf material: UMPT 05 (1). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Persian Gulf material: UMPT 05 (1). Family Aesopia cornuta Kaup, 1858 - Unicorn sole Pseudorhombus javanicus (Bleeker, 1853) - Javan Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf flounder by Kuronuma & Abe (1972); subsequently reported Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Relyea (1981) and Haseli et al. (2010). by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969), Basson et al. South Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to (1981), Relyea (1981), Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Indonesia, north to southern Japan, south to northern Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Bishop (2003). Western Australia. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to IUCN: Least Concern (LC). New Guinea, north to southern China. Persian Gulf material: USNM 267112 (1). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Brachirus orientalis (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) - Pseudorhombus malayanus Bleeker, 1865 - Malayan Oriental sole (Kafshak-e-gerd, Persian) flounder Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently 123 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

reported by Misra (1947) as Synaptura orientalis, & Müller (1994), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. Bolster (1948), Mahdi (1950), Khalaf (1961) as (1997b), Bishop (2003), Randall & Johnson (2007) Synaptura orientalis, Mahdi & Georg (1969), Basson and Taher et al. (2012). et al. (1981) as Euryglossa orientalis, Relyea (1981) Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: East as Synaptura orientalis, Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim and South Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and (1982b) as Synaptura orientalis, Al-Hassan & Mauritius (Mascarenes) east to Sri Lanka. Hussain (1985) as Synaptura orientalis, Kuronuma & IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Abe (1986) as Synaptura orientalis, Hussain et al. Persian Gulf material: BPBM 29534 (3), UMPT 06 (1988) as Euryglossa orientalis, Abou-Seedo (1992) (1), UMPT 09 (1). as Synaptura orientalis, Hussain et al. (1994) as Euryglossus orientalis, Randall (1995a) as Solea elongata Day, 1877 - Elongate sole (Kafshak- Euryglossa orientalis, Carpenter et al. (1997b) as e-riz, Persian) Euryglossa orientalis, Nasir (2000) as Euryglossa Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf orientalis, Zajonz et al. (2002), Bishop (2003) as by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently Euryglossa orientalis as Euryglossa orientalis, reported by Mahdi (1950), Mahdi & Georg (1969), Hosseini et al. (2013), Nasir & Khalid (2013) as Relyea (1981), Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Abou- Synoptura orientalis, Dehghani (2014) as Euryglossa Seedo (1992), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. orientalis, Jawad & Ibrahim (2017b, 2018c) as (1997b), Nasir (2000), Bishop (2003), Dehghani Euryglossa orientalis) and Ziyadi et al. (2018) as (2014) as Solea elongate and Pouladi et al. (2018). Euryglossus orientalis. Distribution: Red Sea, northern Indian Ocean: Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to Sri Lanka and western Bay of Madagascar and Persian Gulf east to Philippines, Bengal, India. north to Taiwan, south to northern Australia. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Persian Gulf material: UMPT 14 (2), UMPT 15 (2), Persian Gulf material: SMNS 14421 (1), SMNS UMPT 16 (1), UMPT 17 (1), UMPT 18 (28), UMPT 14429 (1), USNM 148018 (1), USNM 148093 (1). 19 (17).

Dagetichthys commersonnii (Lacepède, 1802) - Solea stanalandi Randall & McCarthy, 1989 - Commerson's sole Stanaland's sole Status in Persian Gulf: Reported from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf by Bishop (2003) as Synaptura commersonniana. in original description by Randall & McCarthy Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: (1989); previously reported by Nader & Jawdat Seychelles, Mauritius (Mascarenes) and Persian Gulf (1977) as Solea heinii (non Steindachner 1903), east to Indonesia, north to Taiwan. Relyea (1981) as Solea heinii (non Steindachner IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). 1903); subsequently reported by Randall (1995a) and Carpenter et al. (1997b). Pardachirus marmoratus (Lacepède, 1802) - Finless Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian sole (Mezlak, Arabic, Kuwait) Gulf endemic. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Data deficient (DD). by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently Persian Gulf material: BPBM 32806 (holotype), reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969), Kuronuma & BRC 169 (1), BRC 170 (1), USNM 196475 (7), Abe (1972, 1986), Basson et al. (1981), Relyea USNM 300936 (1 paratype). (1981), Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b), Krupp 124 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Zebrias captivus Randall, 1995 - Convict zebra sole Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf South Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to in original description by Randall (1995b); Philippines and Papua (Indonesia), north to Bonin subsequently reported by Randall (1995a) and (Ogasawara Islands), south to Western Australia and Carpenter et al. (1997b). New South Wales (Australia). Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Gulf endemic. Persian Gulf material: UMPT 07 (1), UMPT 11 (1), IUCN: Data deficient (DD). UMPT 12 (1), UMPT 19 (1). Persian Gulf material: BPBM 29478 (holotype), USNM 334423 (1 paratype). Family Dactylopteridae Dactyloptena gilberti Snyder, 1909 quagga (Kaup, 1858) - Fringefin zebra sole Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Eschmeyer (1997). by Kuronuma & Abe (1986). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: Somalia, Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: Oman and Persian Gulf east to Gulf of Thailand, Madagascar, Gulf of Aden and Persian Gulf east to north to southern Japan. Philippines, north to southern China, south to IUCN: Least Concern (LC). northern Australia. Persian Gulf material: BPBM 21179 (1); USNM IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). 267094 (1). Persian Gulf material: UMPT 20 (1). Dactyloptena orientalis (Cuvier, 1829) - Oriental Zebrias synapturoides (Jenkins, 1910) - Indian zebra flying gurnard sole Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Mahdi (1950) as Dactylopterus orientalis; by Kuronuma & Abe (1986); subsequently reported subsequently reported by Menon (1960), Khalaf by Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b) and (1961), Mahdi & Georg (1969), Kuronuma & Abe Bishop (2003). (1986), Krupp & Müller (1994) and Carpenter et al. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf and (1997b). Oman east to Papua New Guinea. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: South and IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). East Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and Persian Gulf material: UMPT 19 (1), UMPT 20 (2). Mascarenes east to Hawaiian Islands and Pitcairn Group, north to southern Japan and Ogasawara Islands, south to Western Australia, New South Order SCORPAENIFORMES Wales (Australia), New Zealand, New Caledonia, Family Apistidae Tonga and Rapa. Apistus carinatus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) - IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Ocellated waspfish (Zanboor-mahi-e-khal-chashmi, Persian; Eshnainow, Arabic, Kuwait) Family Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Cociella crocodilus (Cuvier, 1829) - Crocodile by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently flathead reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969), Kuronuma & Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Abe (1972, 1986), Relyea (1981), Krupp & Müller by Dehghani (2014) as Cociella crocodile. (1994), Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Bishop (2013). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and 125 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

South Africa and Persian Gulf east to Solomon (1) from and USNM 327195 (2), Islands, north to southern Japan, south to New USNM 404967 (1) from Kuwait. Caledonia. Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persisn IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Gulf east to western India. IUCN: Not evaluated (NE). Grammoplites scaber (Linnaeus, 1758) - Rough Persian Gulf material: USNM 196483 (1), USNM flathead 196484 (1), USNM 327195 (2), USNM 404967 (1). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Khalaf (1961) as scaber; Kumococius rodericensis (Cuvier, 1829) - Spiny subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969), flathead Kuronuma & Abe (1986), Randall (1995a) and Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Carpenter et al. (1997b). by Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Repotrudis Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Oman and Persian rodericensis and Kumococius detrusus; subsequently Gulf east to Philippines, north to Taiwan. reported by Randall (1995a) and Carpenter et al. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). (1997b). Persian Gulf material: SMNS 14416 (1), UMPT 13 Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Gulf of Oman, (5), UMPT 14 (1), UMPT 15 (4), UMPT 16 (17), Persian Gulf and western Mascarenes east to UMPT 17 (13), UMPT 18 (2), UMT 19 (27), UMPT Philippines, north to southern Japan, south to 20 (16). northern Australia. IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Grammoplites suppositus (Troschel, 1840) - Spotfin Persian Gulf material: UMPT 11 (2), UMPT 14 (3). flathead (Zaminkan-e-khalbaleh, Persian) Remarks: Insidiator detrusus Jordan & Seale 1905 is Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf a junior synonym. by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Platycephalus maculipinna; subsequently reported by Mahdi & Platycephalus indicus (Linnaeus, 1758) - Bartail Georg (1969) as Platycephalus maculipinna, Relyea flathead (Zaminkan-e-dom-navari, Persian; (1981) as Platycephalus maculipinna, Ewharah, Arabic, Kuwait) Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b) as Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Platycephalus maculipinna, Kuronuma & Abe (1986) by Bolster (1948) as Platicefalus indicus; as Platycephalus maculipinna, Abou-Seedo (1992) as subsequently reported by Mahdi (1950), Khalaf Platycephalus maculipinna, Krupp & Müller (1994), (1961), Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Thysanophrys Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Valinassab indicus, Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986), Basson et et al. (2006) and Dehghani (2014). al. (1981), Relyea (1981), Sivasubramaniam & Distribution: Indian Ocean: Somalia and Persian Ibrahim (1982b), Hussain et al. (1988, 1994), Abou- Gulf east to Sri Lanka. Seedo (1992), Krupp & Müller (1994), Carpenter et IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). al. (1997b), Nasir (2000), Zajonz et al. (2002), Remarks: Platycephalus maculipinna Regan 1905 is Bishop (2003), Valinassab et al. (2006), Taher et al. a junior synonym. (2012), Nasir & Khalid (2013), Dehghani (2014), Mousavi-Sabet et al. (2015), Moravec et al. (2016) Grammoplites vittatus Valenciennes 1833 - Striped and Ziyadi et al. (2018). flathead Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Status in Persian Gulf: New record from Persian South Africa and Persian Gulf east to Philippines and Gulf, based on USNM 196483 (1), USNM 196484 New Guinea, north to southern Japan, south to 126 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

northwestern Australia and New South Wales Africa, Persian Gulf and Mauritius (Mascarenes) east (Australia); Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea immigrant). to Pakistan; Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea immigrant). IUCN: Data deficient (DD). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Persian Gulf material: SMNS 14391 (1), USNM 147597 (2), USNM 148078 (10), USNM 148079 (2), Thysanophrys celebica (Bleeker, 1855) - Celebes USNM 148080 (4). flathead Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Rogadius pristiger (Cuvier, 1829) - Thorny flathead by Randall et al. (1994) as Thyanophrys celebicus; Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf subsequently reported by Randall (1995a), Carpenter by Kuronuma & Abe (1986); subsequently reported et al. (1997b) as Thyanophrys celebicus and Bishop by Carpenter et al. (1997b). (2003) as Thyanophrys celebicus. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to New Madagascar and Persian Gulf east to Solomon Guinea, north to southern Japan, south to northern Islands, north to Taiwan, south to northern Australia. Australia and New Caledonia. IUCN: Least Concern (LC). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1994.1.18.9 (1), Persian Gulf material: UMPT 05 (10), UMPT 11 (1), BPBM 29502 (14), BPBM 33231 (2). UMPT 12 (1). Family Scorpaenidae Rogadius tuberculatus (Cuvier, 1829) - Tuberculated Brachypterois serrulifer Fowler 1938 - Sawcheek flathead scorpionfish Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: Reported by Krupp et al. by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Platycephalus (2000) as Brachypterois serrulata (non Richardson tuberculatus; subsquently reported by Mahdi & 1846). Georg (1969) as Suggrundus tuberculatus, Basson et Distribution: Southern Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: al. (1981) as Platycephalus tuberculatus, Relyea Madagascar, Oman and Persian Gulf east to (1981) as Platycephalus tuberculatus, Kuronuma & Philippines, north to southern Japan, south to Abe (1986) as Sorsogona tuberculata, Bishop (2003), northern Australia. Randall (1995a) as Sorsogona tuberculate and IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Carpenter et al. (1997a, b) as Sorsogona tuberculata. Persian Gulf material: SMF 26001 (1). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Madagascar and Persian Gulf east to Philippines, south to northern Pterois miles (Bennett, 1828) - Devil firefish Australia. (Deyayah, Arabic, Kuwait) IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Persian Gulf material: UMPT 05 (3), UMPT 08 (2), by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently UMPT 10 (1). reported by Khalaf (1961), Mahdi & Georg (1969), Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986) as Pterois volitans Sorsogona prionota (Sauvage, 1873) - Halfspined (non Linnaeus 1758), Basson et al. (1981) as Pterois flathead volitans (non Linnaeus 1758), Relyea (1981) as Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Pterois volitans (non Linnaeus 1758), by Randall (1995a); subsequently reported by Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b) as Pterois Carpenter et al. (1997b). volitans (non Linnaeus 1758), Krupp & Müller Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: East (1994) as Pterois volitans (non Linnaeus 1758), 127 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), Bishop Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (2003) and Torquato et al. (2017). by Randall (1995a) as Scorpaenopsis barbatus; Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and subsequently reported by Carpenter et al. (1997a, South Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and 1997b) as Scorpaenopsis barbatus, Randall & Mascarenes east to Indonesia; Mediterranean Sea Eschmeyer (2001) and Bishop (2003) as (Red Sea immigrant); invasive in the Western Scorpaenopsis barbatus. Atlantic. Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Somalia to Persian Gulf. Persian Gulf material: CAS 55221 (4), USNM IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). 265952 (1). Persian Gulf material: BPBM 30443 (1), BPBM 33358 (2), BPBM 38787 (1), SMF 28600 (1), WAM Pterois radiata Cuvier 1829 - Radial firefish P.25971-003 (1). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Jawad (2016a); previously reported by Blegvad & Scorpaenopsis lactomaculata (Herre, 1945) - Løppenthin (1944) as Pterois cincta (non Rüppell Whiteblotched scorpionfish 1838), Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Pterois cincta (non Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Rüppell 1838) and Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as by Randall (1995a); subsequently reported by Pterois cincta (non Rüppell 1838). Carpenter et al. (1997b). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East and South Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Africa and Persian Gulf east to southern Japan, Gulf to India. Marshall Islands, northern Line Islands and IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Marquesas Islands, south to Western Australia, Queensland (Australia), New Caledonia and Tonga. Scorpaenopsis oxycephala (Bleeker 1849) - Tassled IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). scorpionfish Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Pterois russelii Bennett, 1831 - Plaintail turkeyfish by Randall & Eschmeyer (2001). (Khoroos-e-darya, Persian) Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Africa, South Africa and Mauritius (Mascarenes) east by Regan (1905) as Pterois russellii; subsequently to Palau and New Guinea, north to Philippines, reported by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Pterois southern Japan, south to Timor Sea (northern russelli, Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Pterois russelli, Australia). Relyea (1981) as Pterois russelli, Kuronuma & Abe IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). (1986) as Pterois russellii, Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Persian Gulf material: BPBM 38786 (1). Pterois russellii and Bishop (2003). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: South and Scorpaenopsis venosa (Cuvier, 1829) - Raggy East Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and Mauritius scorpionfish (Mascarenes) east to Philippines and New Guinea, Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf south to Western Australia, Queensland (Australia) by Randall (1995a); previously reported by Regan and New Caledonia. (1905) as Scorpaena cirrhosa (non Thunberg 1793); IUCN: Least Concern (LC). subsequently reported by Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Scorpaenopsis gibbosa (non Bloch & Schneider Scorpaenopsis barbata (Rüppell, 1838) - Bearded 1801) and S. cirrhosa (non Thunberg 1793), Krupp & scorpionfish Müller (1994) as Scorpaenopsis cf. venosa, 128 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Krupp et al. (2000). and Mauritius (Mascarenes) east to Indonesia, north Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and to Japan and south to New Caledonia. South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles and IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Madagascar east to Philippines and New Guinea, Persian Gulf material: UMPT 15 (1), UMPT 20 (2). north to Japan, south to New Caledonia and Australia. Pseudosynanceia melanostigma Day, 1875 - Blackfin IUCN: Least Concern (LC). stonefish (Sang-mahi-e-khal-syah, Persian; Firyalah, Persian Gulf material: SMF 28600 (1). Arabic, Kuwait) Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Family by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Leptosynanceia Choridactylus multibarbus Richardson, 1848 - melanostigma; subsequently reported by Mahdi Orangebanded stingfish (1950) as Leptosynanceia melanostigma, Khalaf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (1961) as Leptosynanceia melanostigma, Mahdi & by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently Georg (1969) as Leptosynanceia melanostigma, reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Choridactylus Kuronuma & Abe (1972) as Leptosynanceja multibarbis, Relyea (1981) as Choridactylum melanostigma, Eschmeyer & Rama-Rao (1973), multibarbis, Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Basson et al. (1981) as Leptosynanceja Choridactylus multibarbis, Krupp & Müller (1994) as melanostigma, Relyea (1981), Kuronuma & Abe Choridactylus multibarbatus, Randall (1995a), (1986), Hussain et al. (1988), Abou-Seedo (1992), Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Bishop (2013). Hussain et al. (1994) as Psudosynanceia Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: Persian melanostigma, Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall Gulf east to Philippines, north to Taiwan. (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Zajonz et al. (2002) IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). and Bishop (2003). Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Minous dempsterae Eschmeyer, Hallacher & Rama- Gulf and Gulf of Oman east to India. Rao, 1979 - Obliquebanded stingfish (Gazandeh- IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). mahi, Persian) Persian Gulf material: SMNS 14395 (3), USNM Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf 196472 (1). by Jawad (2017). Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Synanceia nana Eschmeyer & Rama-Rao, 1973 - Red Gulf and Oman east to western India. Sea stonefish IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Status in Persian Gulf: Reported from Persian Gulf in original description by Eschmeyer & Rama-Rao Minous monodactylus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) - (1973); subsequently reported by Randall (1995a), Grey stingfish (Firyalah, Arabic, Kuwait) Carpenter et al. (1997b) and Jawad (2016a). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently Persian Gulf. reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969), Kuronuma & IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Abe (1972, 1986), Eschmeyer et al. (1979), Relyea Persian Gulf material: AMNH 18385 (1 paratype). (1981), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop (2013) and Jawad (2017). Synanceia verrucosa Bloch & Schneider, 1801 - Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Stonefish South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf 129 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

by Relyea (1981); subsequently reported by Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: South and East Kuronuma & Abe (1986) and Carpenter et al. Africa to Madagascar; Persian Gulf. (1997b). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Persian Gulf material: MTUF 20133 (2), MTUF Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar and 25254 (2), SMF 28605 (3). Mascarenes east to Marshall, Tuamotu and Gambier islands, north to southern Japan, south to Western Lepidotrigla spiloptera Günther, 1880 - Spotwing Australia, Queensland (Australia), Middleton Reef, gurnard New Caledonia, Tonga and Austral Islands. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). by Randall (1995a); previously reported by Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Lepidotrigla sp. Family Tetrarogidae Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Pseudovespicula dracaena (Cuvier, 1829) - Draco Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to waspfish Philippines, noth to Taiwan, south to Queensland Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (Australia). by Randall (1995a) as Vespicula dracaene; IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). subsequently reported by Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Persian Gulf material: UMPT 13 (1). Vespicula dracaene. Distribution: Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf to India and Order SILURIFORMES Sri Lanka. Family IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Netuma bilineata (Valenciennes, 1840) - Bronze Persian Gulf material: USNM 196511 (7). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Family Triglidae by Al-Hassan et al. (1988) as Arius bilineatus; Lepidotrigla bispinosa Steindachner, 1898 - Bullhorn subsequently reported by Abou-Seedo (1992) as gurnard (Khoroosak-e-shakh-gavi, Persian) Arius bilineatus, Randall (1995a) as Arius bilineatus, Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Arius bilineatus, Jawad by Randall (1995a); previously reported by Blegvad (2017) and Ziyadi et al. (2018). & Løppenthin (1944) as Lepidotrigla omanensis (non Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf and Regan 1905), Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Lepidotrigla Gulf of Oman east to Philippines and Papua New omanensis (non Regan 1905), Kuronuma & Abe Guinea, north to southern China, south to northern (1986) as Lepidotrigla omanensis (non Regan 1905); Australia. subsequently reported by Carpenter et al. (1997b). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: Somalia and Persian Gulf east to western India. Netuma thalassina (Rüppell, 1837) - Giant catfish IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). (Gorbeh-mahi-e-bozorg, Persian; Chimh, Arabic, Persian Gulf material: UMPT 05 (2), UMPT 11 (2). Kuwait) Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Lepidotrigla faurei Gilchrist &Thompson, 1914 - by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Arius Scalybreast gurnard thalassinus; subsequently reported by Misra (1947) Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf as Tachysurus thalassinus, Bolster (1948) as Arius by Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Lepidotrigla faueri; thalassinus, Mahdi (1950) as Tachysurus thalassinus, subsequently reported by Krupp et al. (2000). Menon (1960) as Tachysurus thalassinus, Khalaf 130 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

(1961) as Tachysurus thalassinus, Mahdi & Georg Persian Gulf east to western Malaysia. (1969) as Tachysurus thalassinus, Kuronuma & Abe IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). (1972, 1986) as Arius thalassinus, Relyea (1981) as Arius thalassinus, Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim Family Plotosidae (1982b) as Arius thalassinus, Al-Hassan et al. (1988), Plotosus lineatus (Thunberg, 1787) - Striped eel Hussain et al. (1988, 1994) as Arius thalassinus, catfish Krupp & Müller (1994) as Arius thalassinus, Randall Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (1995a) as Arius thalassinus, Carpenter et al. (1997b) by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Plotosus as Arius thalassinus, Nasir (2000) as Arius anguillaris; subsequently reported by Mahdi (1950) thalassinus, Valinassab et al. (2006) as Arius as Plotosus anguillaris, Mahdi & Georg (1969) as thalassinus, Dehghani (2014) as Arius thalassinus Plotosus anguillaris, Nader & Jawdat (1977) as and Jawad (2016a, 2017). Plotosus anguillaris, Basson et al. (1981) as Plotosus Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific; East anguillaris, Relyea (1981) as Plotosus anguillaris, Africa and Persian Gulf east to Philippines, north to Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b) as Plotosus southern China, south to Queensland (Australia). anguillaris, Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Plotosus IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). anguillaris, Abou-Seedo (1992) as Plotosus Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1986.7.1.4-5 (2), anguillaris, Krupp & Müller (1994), Carpenter et al. SMNS 14380 (3), UMPT 02 (3), UMPT 14 (1), (1997a, b), Bishop (2003), Taher et al. (2012), UMPT 19 (2), USNM 196476 (1), USNM 297116 Dehghani (2014) and Jawad (2016a). (1). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar dussumieri (Valenciennes, 1840) - and Mascarenes east to Samoa and Tonga, north to Blacktip sea catfish (Gorbeh-mahi-e-Khaki, Persian) southern Korea, southern Japan and Ogasawara Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Islands, south to Western Australia at 32°S, Lord by Al-Hassan et al. (1988) as Arius dussumieri; Howe Island and New Caledonia; eastern subsequently reported by Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea immigrant). Arius dussumieri, Valinassab et al. (2006) as Arius IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). dussumieri and Dehghani (2014) as Arius Persian Gulf material: BRC 149 (1), USNM 147843 dussumieri. (1), USNM 147844 (1), USNM 196508 (2), USNM Distribution: Red Sea, Indian Ocean: East Africa, 196509 (1), USNM 196510 (1). Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to western Indonesia. IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Order Family Centriscidae Plicofollis tenuispinis (Day, 1877) - Thinspine sea Centriscus scutatus Linnaeus, 1758 - Grooved razor- catfish fish (Maygoo-mahi, Persian) Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Al-Hassan et al. (1988) as Arius tenuispinis; by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); previously subsequently reported by Randall (1995a) as Arius reported by Regan (1905) as Amphisile strigata (non tenuispinis, Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Arius Günther 1861); subsquently reported by Mahdi & tenuispinis, Zajonz et al. (2002) as Arius tenuispinis Georg (1969), Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986), and Valinassab et al. (2006) as Arius tenuispinis. Relyea (1981), Randall (1995a) and Carpenter et al. Distribution: Northern Indian Ocean: East Africa and (1997b). 131 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: Persian Family Gulf east to New Guinea, north to southern Japan, Remarks: Ichthyocampus townsendi Duncker 1915 south to New South Wales (Australia) and New was erroneously reported in original description by Caledonia. Duncker (1915) to occur in Persian Gulf; however, IUCN: Least Concern (LC). the material originated from the Mekran coast and Persian Gulf material: UMPT 15 (1), UMPT 19 (1), northwestern Indian Ocean. USNM 196660 (1), USNM 267075 (1). mossambica Smith 1963 - Western Family Fistulariidae Indian Ocean pygmy pipehorse Fistularia commersonii Rüppell, 1838 - Bluespotted Status in Persian Gulf: Reported by Dawson (1985) cornetfish as Acentronura (Acentronua) tentaculata (non Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Günther 1870), Krupp & Müller (1994) as by Richards et al. (2008); subsequently reported by Acentronura tentaculata (non Günther 1870), Randall Ziyadi et al. (2018). (1995a) as Acentronura tentaculata (non Günther Distribution: Southeastern Atlantic: Ascension 1870), Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Acentronura Island; Red Sea, Indo-Pacific: East and South Africa, tentaculata (non Günther 1870) and Edwin (2012) as Persian Gulf, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Acentronura tentaculata (non Günther 1870). Mexico and Panama, north to southern Japan, Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: East Africa to Ogasawara Islands and Hawaiian Islands, south to Madagascar and Persian Gulf. Western Australia at 19°09'S, New Caledonia, New IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Zealand and Rapa; Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea immigrant). Bryx analicarens (Duncker, 1915) - Pink pipefish IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf in original description by Duncker (1915) as Fistularia petimba Lacepède, 1803 - Red cornetfish analicarens; subsequrntly reported by (Lablooleh-mahi-e-ghahvahei, Persian; Hakool, Dawson (1981a), Relyea (1981) as Syngnathus Arabic, Kuwait) analicarens, Dawson (1985), Randall (1995a) and Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Carpenter et al. (1997b). by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Fistularia Distribution: Southern Red Sea, Western Indian villosa; subsequently recorded by Mahdi & Georg Ocean: East Africa, Seychelles and Madagascar east (1969) as Fistularia villosa, Kuronuma & Abe (1972, to Gulf of Oman and Persian Gulf. 1986) as Fistularia villosa, Sivasubramaniam & IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Ibrahim (1982b) as Fistularia villosa, Krupp & Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1911.2.23.70 (1), CAS Müller (1994), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop 20751 (1), CAS 39749 (2), GCRL 16765 (1), GCRL (2003) and Dabbagh et al. (2011). 15766 (1), USNM 147814 (11), USNM 147918 (12), Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical seas, but not in USNM 147919 (2), USNM 147920 (1), USNM eastern Pacific; eastern Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea 147921 (1), USNM 147922 (2), USNM 147923 (1). immigrant). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Choeroichthys brachysoma (Bleeker, 1855) - Short- Persian Gulf material: UMPT 12 (1), USNM 267140 bodied pipefish (3). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Remark: Fistularia villosa (Klunzinger, 1871) is a by Krupp & Müller (1994) and Randall et al. (1994); junior synonym. subsequently reported by Carpenter et al. (1997b) 132 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Western Australia and southern Great Barrier Reef Africa and Persian Gulf east to Marshall and Society (Queensland). islands, north to Philippines, south to eastern IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Australia, Fiji and Samoa. Persian Gulf material: BMNH 1975.4.5.8-9 (2). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Persian Gulf material: BPBM 33361 (1), BPBM Halicampus zavorensis Dawson 1984 - Zavora 33393 (4). pipefish Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf haematopterus (Bleeker, 1851) - by Ziyadi et al. (2018). Messmate pipefish Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: Mozambique to Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Persian Gulf. by Kuronuma & Abe (1986); subsequently reported IUCN: Not evaluated (NE). by Richards et al. (2008). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Persian Hippocampus borboniensis Duméril 1870 - Spotted Gulf, Seychelles, Aldabra, Madagascar and seahorse Mascarenes east to Palau and Vanuatu, north to Status in Persian Gulf: Reported by Kuronuma & southern Japan and Taiwan, south to northwestern Abe (1972, 1986) as Hippocampus kuda (non Australia and New Caledonia. Bleeker 1852), Basson et al. (1981) as Hippocampus IUCN: Least Concern (LC). kuda (non Bleeker 1852), Relyea (1981) as Hippocampus kuda (non Bleeker 1852), Al-Hassan Cosmocampus investigatoris (Hora, 1926) - & Al-Badri (1986) as Hippocampus kuda (non Investigator pipefish Bleeker 1852), Hussain et al. (1988) as Hippocamcus Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf kuda (non Bleeker 1852), Krupp & Müller (1994) as by Dawson (1981a) as Syngnathus investigatoris; Hippocampus kuda (non Bleeker 1852), Carpenter et subsequently reported by Dawson (1985) and al. (1997b) as Hippocampus kuda (non Bleeker Carpenter et al. (1997b). 1852), Bishop (2003) as Hippocampus kuda (non Distribution: Northern Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf to Bleeker 1852), Lourie et al. (2004) as Hippocampus Andaman Sea. fuscus (non Rüppell 1838) and H. kelloggi (non IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Jordan & Snyder 1901) and Lourie et al. (2016) as Persian Gulf material: USNM 164342 (1), USNM Hippocampus kuda (non Bleeker 1852) and 164343 (1); USNM 219566 (1). H. kelloggi (non Jordan & Snyder 1901). Doryrhamphus excisus Kaup, 1856 - Bluestripe Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: South Africa pipefish and Mozambique to Seychelles, Madagascar, Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Réunion (western Mascarenes) and Maldives. by Dawson (1981b) as Doryrhamphus excisus IUCN: Vulnerable (VU). excisus; subsequently reported by Dawson (1985) as Doryrhamphus excisus excisus, Krupp & Müller Hippichthys cyanospilos (Bleeker, 1854) - Blue- (1994), Randall (1995a) as Doryrhamphus excisus spotted pipefish excisus, Carpenter et al. (1997a, b) as Doryrhamphus Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf excisus excisus and Bishop (2003). by Dawson (1985); subsequently reported by Distribution: Indo-Pacific: East Africa, Comoros, Carpenter et al. (1997b). Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Mexico, north to Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Ryukyu, Ogasawara and Hawaiian islands, south to South Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to 133 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Palau and Fiji, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to Order TETRAODONTIFORMES Queensland (Australia). Family Balistidae IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Abalistes stellaris (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) - Starry (Homarah, Arabic, Kuwait) Hippocampus jayakari Boulenger 1900 - Thorny Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf seahorse by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969), Kuronuma & by Lourie et al. (2004); subsequently reported by Abe (1972, 1986), Relyea (1981), Sivasubramaniam Edwain (2012) and Lourie et al. (2016). & Ibrahim (1982b) and Krupp & Müller (1994). Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: East Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Réunion and South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Comoros, Mauritius (western Mascarenes) east to Maldives. Madagascar and western Mascarenes east to Palau, IUCN: Vulnerable (VU). Fiji and Tonga, north to southern Japan, south to New South Wales (Australia); also eastern tropical Hippichthys penicillus (Cantor, 1849) - Beady Atlantic. pipefish IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Persian Gulf material: UMPT 07 (45), UMPT 12 (2). by Dawson (1981a) as Parasyngnathus argyrostictus; subsequently reported by Dawson (1985), Randall Abalistes stellatus (Anonymous, 1798) (1995a) and Carpenter et al. (1997b). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to by Randall (1995a); subsequently reported by Philippines and New Guinea, north to southern Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003) and Jawad Japan, south to Queensland (Australia). (2017). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and Persian Gulf material: GCRL 16282 (1); USNM South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar 164344 (1). and western Mascarenes east to Palau, Fiji and Tonga, north to southern Japan, south to New South Trachyrhamphus bicoarctatus (Bleeler, 1857) - Wales (Australia); eastern tropical Atlantic. Double-ended pipefish IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Dawson (1981a); subsequently reported by Rhinecanthus assasi (Fabricius [ex Forsskål] in Dawson (1984, 1985), Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Niebuhr 1775) - Picasso triggerfish Yozia bicoarctata, Krupp & Müller (1994) and Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Carpenter et al. (1997b). by Randall Krupp & Müller (1994); peviously Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and reported by Basson et al. (1981) as Rhinecanthus South Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar, Comoros aculeatus (non Linnaeus 1758), Relyea (1981) as and Mascarenes east to Mariana Islands and New Rhinecanthus aculeatus (non Linnaeus 1758); Guinea, north to southern Japan, south to Western subsequently reported by Randall (1995a), Carpenter Australia, and New South Wales (Australia). et al. (1997a, b), Bishop (2003) and Jawad (2017). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf material: FRBB uncat. (2). Gulf of Oman, Persian Gulf. IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Remarks: Authorship of species name see Fricke 134 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

(2008). Sea and Japan, south to New Caledonia and Lord Howe Island. albicaudatum (Rüppell, 1829) - IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Bluethroat triggerfish Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Diodon hystrix Linnaeus 1758 - Spotfin by Basson et al. (1981); subsequently reported by porcupinefish Krupp & Müller (1994) as Sufflamen albicaudatus Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf and Edwin (2012). by Basson et al. (1981), Relyea (1981); subsequently Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: reported by Kuronuma & Abe (1986). Gulf of Oman to Persian Gulf. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). temperate seas. IUCN: Least concern (LC). Sufflamen chrysopterum (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) - triggerfish Family Molidae Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Mola mola (Linnaeus, 1758) - Ocean sunfish by Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Sufflamen (Korshid-mahi-e-oghyanoosi, Persian) chrysopterus; subsequently reported by Relyea Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (1981) as Sufflamen capistratus (non Shaw 1804), by Carpenter et al. (1997b); subsequently reported by Carpenter et al. (1997a, b) as Sufflamen Bishop (2003) and Jawad (2017). chrysopterus, Bishop (2003) as Sufflamen Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and temperate chrysopterus and Jawad (2017). seas. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East and South IUCN: Vulnerable (VU). Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Samoa, north to Ranzania laevis (Pennant, 1776) - Slender sunfish southern Japan and Ogasawara Islands, south to Status in Persian Gulf: Reported from Persian Gulf Australia, Lord Howe Island and New Caledonia. by Bishop (2003); subsequently reported by Jawad IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). (2017). Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm Family Diodontidae temperate seas. Cyclichthys orbicularis (Bloch, 1785) - Birdbeak IUCN: Least Concern (LC). burrfish (Kharposht-mahi-e-Lab-menghari, Persian) Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Family Monacanthidae by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently Aluterus monoceros (Linnaeus, 1758) - Unicorn reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Chilomycterus leatherjacket filefish orbicularis, Relyea (1981) as Cyclichthys echinatus Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (non Linnaeus 1758) and C. orbicularis, Kuronuma by Carpenter et al. (1997b); subsequently reported by & Abe (1986), Krupp & Müller (1994) as Bishop (2003) and Torquato et al. (2017). Chilomycterus orbicularis, Randall (1995a), Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm Carpenter et al. (1997b), Jawad (2017) and Torquato temperate seas. et al. (2017). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and South Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and western Paramonacanthus arabicus Hutchins, 1997 - Gulf Mascarenes east to Philippines, north to South China filefish 135 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

Status in Persian Gulf: Recorded from Persian Gulf Remarks: Previously misidentified as in original description by Hutchins (1997); Paramonacanthus tricuspis (non Hollard 1854), previously reported by Regan (1905) as P. choirocephalus (non Bleeker 1851) and Monacanthus oblongus (non Schlegel 1850), P. oblongus (non Schlegel 1850). Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Paramonacanthus choirocephalus (non Bleeker 1851) and P. oblongus Stephanolepis diaspros Fraser-Brunner, 1940 - (non Schlegel 1850), Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Reticulated leatherjacket (Takshakh-mahi-e- Paramonacanthus choirocephalus (non Bleeker moshabbak, Persian) 1851) and P. oblongus (non Schlegel 1850), Basson Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf et al. (1981) as Paramonacanthus choirocephalus by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently (non Bleeker 1851), Relyea (1981) as reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969), Kuronuma & Paramonacanthus choirocephalus (non Bleeker Abe (1972, 1986), Nellen (1973), Relyea (1981), 1851) and P. oblongus (non Schlegel 1850), Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b), Hutchins Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim (1982b) as (1984), Abou-Seedo (1992), Krupp & Müller (1994), Paramonacanthus oblongus (non Schlegel 1850), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997a, b) and Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Paramonacanthus Bishop (2003). oblongus (non Schlegel 1850), Krupp & Müller Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: (1994) as Paramonacanthus oblongus (non Schlegel Gulf of Aden, Gulf of Oman, Persian Gulf; 1850), Randall (1995a) as Paramonacanthus sp., Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea immigrant). Carpenter et al. (1997b) as Paramonacanthus IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). choirocephalus (non Bleeker 1851) and P. oblongus Persian Gulf material: USNM 147924 (2). (non Schlegel 1850) and Taher et al. (2012) as Paramonacanthus japonicus (non Tilesius 1809). Thamnaconus modestoides (Barnard, 1927) - Modest Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian filefish Gulf endemic. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Least Concern (LC). by Carpenter et al. (1997b). Persian Gulf material: WAM P.31180-001 Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-Wst Pacific: East and (holotype), AMS I. 37401-001 (7 paratypes), BMNH South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar 1996.10.29.2-7 (6 paratypes), BPBM 21213 (1 and Réunion (Mascarenes) east to Indonesia, north to paratype), BPBM 21291 (2 paratypes), BPBM 29497 southern Japan, south to northwestern Australia. (14 paratypes), BPBM 30911 (4 paratypes), BPBM IUCN: Least Concern (LC). 35415 (1 paratype), UMPT 08 (9), UMPT 09 (1), USNM 342554 (1 paratype), USNM 342555 (1 Family Ostraciidae paratype), WAM P.25977-010 (11 paratypes), WAM Ostracion cubicus Linnaeus, 1758 - Yellow boxfish P.25979-003 (3 paratypes), WAM P.25980-007 (2 Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf paratypes), WAM P.25988-001 (3 paratypes), WAM by Nader & Jawdat (1977) as Ostracion tuberculatus; P.29813-001 (2 paratypes, c&s), WAM P.31179-001 subsequently reported by Relyea (1981) as Ostracion (3 paratypes), WAM P.31181-001 (14 paratypes), tuberculatus, Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Ostracion WAM P.31182-001 (2 paratypes), WAM P.31183- tuberculatus, Smith & Saleh (1987), Carpenter et al. 001 (3 paratypes), WAM P.31184-001 (7 (1997a, b), Bishop (2003) and Torquato et al. (2017). paratypes),WAM P.31185-001 (1 paratype), WAM Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and P.31186-001 (1 paratype), WAM P.31187-001 (1 South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Comoros, paratype). Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Tuamotu 136 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

Archipelago, north to southern Japan and Ryukyu stellatus; subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg Islands and Ogasawara Islands, south to New (1969), Kuronuma & Abe (1972), Basson et al. Caledonia, northern New Zealand, Lord Howe Island (1981), Relyea (1981), Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim and Rapa, straying to Hawaiian Islands. (1982b), Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Arothron IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). alboreticulatus and A. stellatus, Smith & Saleh Persian Gulf material: BRC 171 (1). (1987), Abou-Seedo (1992), Krupp & Müller (1994), Carpenter et al. (1997a, b), Bishop (2003), Abed et Ostracion cyanurus Rüppell, 1828 - Bluetail al. (2013), Dehghani (2014), Jawad (2017), Torquato trunkfish et al. (2017) and Ziyadi et al. (2018). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and by Regan (1905); subsequently reported by Relyea South Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Comoros, (1981) as Ostracion lentiginosum (non Bloch & Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Tuamotu Schneider 1801), Smith & Saleh (1987), Krupp & Archipelago, north to southern Japan and Ogasawara Müller (1994), Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. Islands, south to Lord Howe Island and northern New (1997a, 1997b), Bishop (2003) and Torquato et al. Zealand. (2017). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf material: UMPT 08 (1), UMPT 14 (3), Gulf of Aden, Gulf of Oman, and Persian Gulf. USNM 147927 (1), USNM 147928 (2), USNM IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). 267109 (1). Persian Gulf material: USNM 395577 (1). Remark: Arothron alboreticulatus (Tanaka, 1908) is a junior synonym. Tetrosomus gibbosus (Linnaeus, 1758) - Humpback turretfish Chelonodon patoca (Hamilton, 1822) - Milkspotted Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf puffer (Badkonak-mahi-e-zeytooni, Persian; E'- by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Ostracion nezah, Arabic, Kuwait) gibbosus; subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf (1969), Relyea (1981), Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Chilonodon Ostracion gibbosus, Krupp & Müller (1994) and patoca; subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg Carpenter et al. (1997b). (1969), Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986), Basson et al. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and (1981), Relyea (1981), Sivasubramaniam & Ibrahim South Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and (1982b), Smith & Saleh (1987), Abou-Seedo (1992), Mauritius (Mascarenes) east to Philippines, north to Krupp & Müller (1994), Randall (1995a), Carpenter southern Japan, south to Australia and New et al. (1997a, b), Bishop (2003), Dehghani (2014) and Caledonia; Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea immigrant). Jawad (2017). IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Madagascarand Persian Gulf material: UMPT 08 (1). Persian Gulf east to French Polynesia, north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia and New Family Tetraodontidae Caledonia. Arothron stellatus (Anonymous, 1798) - Stellate IUCN: Least Concern (LC). puffer (Badkonak-mahi-e-ghahvahei, Persian; E'- Persian Gulf material: UMPT 08 (1), UMPT 19 (1), nezah, Arabic, Kuwait) USNM 147596 (1), USNM 147821 (6), USNM Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf 147929 (7), USNM 147930 (2), USNM 147931 (1), by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Tetraodon USNM 147932 (1), USNM 147933 (1), USNM 137 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

196474 (1). 17 (9), UMPT 19 (19), UMPT 20 (7).

Lagocephalus guentheri Miranda Ribeiro, 1915 - Lagocephalus sceleratus (Gmelin, 1789) - Silver- Diamondback puffer cheeked toadfish (E'nezah, Arabic, Kuwait) Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Randall (1995a); subsequently reported by by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944); subsequently Carpenter et al. (1997b). reported by Mahdi & Georg (1969) as Gastrophysus Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: South Africa, scleratus, Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986), Relyea Madagascar and Persian Gulf east to Indonesia, north (1981) as Lagocephalus scleratus, Randall (1995a), to southern Japan, south to northern Australia. Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003) and Jawad IUCN: Least Concern (LC). (2017). Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Lagocephalus inermis (Temminck & Schlegel, 1850) Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar and - Smooth blaasop (Badkonak-mahi-e-saf, Persian) western Mascarenes east to Philippines, north to Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf southern Japan, south to northern Australia and New by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Spheroides Caledonia; Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea immigrant). inermis; subsequently reported by Mahdi & Georg IUCN: Least Concern (LC). (1969) and Kuronuma & Abe (1986). Persian Gulf material: UMPT 12 (4). Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East and South Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Lagocephalus spadiceus (Richardson, 1845) - Half- Philippines and New Guinea, north to southern smooth golden pufferfish Japan, south to northern Australia. Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf IUCN: Least Concern (LC). by Kuronuma & Abe (1986). Persian Gulf material: USNM 267132 (2), USNM Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East and South 394072 (1). Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Taiwan, south to northern Australia. Lagocephalus lunaris (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) - IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Lunartail puffer (E'-nezah, Arabic, Kuwait) Persian Gulf material: UMPT 10 (2), UMPT 19 (1). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Spheroides Takifugu oblongus (Bloch, 1786) - Lattice blaasop lunaris; subsequently reported by Menon (1960), Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Khalaf (1961), Mahdi & Georg (1969) as by Naderi et al. (2013). Gastrophysus lunaris, Kuronuma & Abe (1972, Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East and South 1986), Relyea (1981), Abou-Seedo (1992), Randall Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and Réunion (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003), (western Mascarenes) east to Indonesia, north to Jawad (2017) and Ziyadi et al. (2018). southern Japan, south to northern Australia. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East and IUCN: Least Concern (LC). South Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and Mauritius (Mascarenes) east to Indonesia, north to Torquigener flavimaculosus Hardy & Randall, 198 3 South China Sea, south to northern Australia. - Yellowspotted puffer IUCN: Least Concern (LC). Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Persian Gulf material: UMPT 07 (1), UMPT 13 (4), by Randall (1995a); previously reported by UMPT 14 (8), UMPT 15 (10), UMPT 16 (4), UMPT Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Lagocephalus 138 Eagderi et al.- Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf

hypselogeneion (non Bleeker 1852); subsequently Queensland (Australia). reported by Carpenter et al. (1997b). IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: East Persian Gulf material: UMPT 14 (2), UMPT 19 (4), Africa, Seychelles and Madagascar to Persian Gulf; USNM 147904 (10), USNM 196478 (2). Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea immigrant; Golani 1998). Acknowledgements IUCN: Least Concern (LC). This study was financially supported by the Persian Gulf material: UMPT 05 (1). University of Tehran.

Family References Pseudotriacanthus strigilifer (Cantor, 1849) - Long- Abed, J.M.; Jassim, A.K.; Lazem, L.F. & Habeeb, F.S. spined tripodfish (Se-khareh-e-khal-talaei, Persian; 2013. Biometry of stellate puffer Arothron stellatus Cholaib-eldow, Arabic, Kuwait) (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) from Shatt Al-Basrah Canal. Journal of the King AbdulAziz University, Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf Marine Science 24(1): 17-26. by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Triacanthus Abou-Seedo, F.S. 1992. Abundance of fish caught by strigilifer; subsequently reported by Menon (1960) as stake-traps (hadra) in the intertidal zone in Doha, Triacanthus brevirostris, Khalaf (1961) as Kuwait Bay. Journal of the University of Kuwait 19: Triacanthus brevirostris, Mahdi & Georg (1969) as 91-98. Triacanthus brevirostris and Pseudotriacanthus Abou-Seedo, F.S.; Clayton, D.A. & Wright J.M. 1990. strigilifer, Kuronuma & Abe (1972), Relyea (1981), Tidal and turbidity effects on the shallow-water fish Kuronuma & Abe (1986) as Triacanthus strigilifer, assemblage of Kuwait Bay. Marine Progress Hussain et al. (1988), Abou-Seedo (1992), Randall Series 65: 213-223. (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Bishop (2003) and Abu-Hakima, R. 1987. Aspects of the reproductive Dehghani (2014). biology of the grouper, Epinephelus tauvina (Forskål), in Kuwaiti waters. Journal of Fish Biology Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persoan Gulf and 30(2): 213-222. Gulf of Oman east to Philipines and Indonesia. Afonso, P.; Porteiro, F.M.; Santos, R.S.; Barreiros, J.P.; IUCN: Not Evaluated (NE). Worms, J. & Wirtz, P. 1999. Coastal marine fishes of São Tomé Island (Gulf of Guinea). Arquipélago Triacanthus biaculeatus (Bloch, 1786) - Short-nosed 17(A): 65-92. tripodfish (Se-khareh-e-poozeh-kootah, Persian; Ahmed, M. 1991. A model to determine benefits Cholaib-eldow, Arabic, Kuwait) obtainable from the management of riverine fisheries Status in Persian Gulf: First record from Persian Gulf of Bangladesh. ICLARM Tech. Rep. 28, 133 p. by Blegvad & Løppenthin (1944) as Triacanthus Akyol, O.; Ünal, V.; Ceyhan, T. & Bilecenoglu, M. 2005. indicus; subsequently reported by Mahdi (1950) as First confirmed record of Lagocephalus sceleratus Triacanthus indicus, Mahdi & Georg (1969) as (Gmelin, 1789) in the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Fish Biology 66: 1183-1186. Triacanthus indicus, Kuronuma & Abe (1972, 1986), Al-Badri, M.E. & Jawad, L.A. 2014. New fish records Relyea (1981) as Triacanthus biaculeatus and T. from the marine waters of Iraq. Cahiers de Biologie indicus, Randall (1995a), Carpenter et al. (1997b), Marine 55: 431-436. Zajonz et al. (2002), Bishop (2003), Dehghani (2014) Al-Dubakel, A.Y. 2011. Commercial fishing and and Ziyadi et al. (2018). marketing of Hilsa shad Tenualosa ilisha (Hamilton- Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf and Buchanan, 1822) in Basrah - southern Iraq. Emirates Mauritius (Mascarenes) east to Philippines, north to Journal of Food and Agriculture 23(2): 178-186. southern Japan, south to Western Australia and Al-Hassan, L.A.J. 1987. Variations in meristic characters 139 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1-171

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the subfamily Scarinae of the western Indian Ocean of the genus Parupeneus from the western Indian with descriptions of three new species. Ichthyological Ocean, with resurrection of P. seychellensis. Bulletin of the J. L. B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology Smithiana, Publications in Aquatic Biodiversity, 47: i-ii + 1-39, pls. 1-6. Bulletin 10: 37-49. Randall, J.E. & Cea, A. 2011. Shore fishes of Easter Randall, J.E. & Hoese, D.F. 1985. Revision of the Indo- Island. University of Hawai'i Press, 164 p. Pacific dartfishes, genus Ptereleotris (Perciformes: Randall, J.E. & Compagno, L.J.V. 1995. A review of the Gobioidei). Indo-Pacific Fishes 7: 1-36. guitarfishes of the genus Rhinobatos (Rajiformes: Randall, J.E.; Ida, H.; Kato, K.; Pyle, R.L. & Earle, J.L. Rhinobatidae) from Oman, with description of a new 1997. Annotated checklist of inshore fishes of the species. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 43 (2): 289-298. Ogasawara Islands. National Nature Museum Randall, J.E.; Downing, N.; McCarthy, L.J.; Stanaland, Monographs (11): 1-74. B.E. & Tarr, A.B. 1994. Fifty-one new records of Randall, J.E. & Johnson, J.W. 2000. Perca lineata and P. fishes from the Persian Gulf. Fauna of Saudi Arabia vittata established as valid species of Plectorhinchus 14: 220-258. (Perciformes: Haemulidae). Memoirs of the Randall, J.E. & Earle, J.L. 1994. Three new of Queensland Museum 45(2): 477-482. the genus Halichoeres (Perciformes: Labridae) from Randall, J.E. & Johnson, J.W. 2007. Revision of the Oman. Fauna of Saudi Arabia 14: 287-301. soleid fish genus Pardachirus. Indo-Pacific Fishes 39: Randall, J.E.; Earle, J.L.; Hayes, T.; Pittman, C.; 1-22. Severns, M. & Smith, R.L.F. 1993. Eleven new Randall, J.E.; Lachner, E.A. & Fraser, T.H. 1985. A records and validations of shore fishes from the revision of the Indo-Pacific apogonid fish genus Hawaiian Islands. Pac. Sci. 47(3):222-239. Pseudamia, with descriptions of three new species. Randall, J.E. & Egmond, J.V. 1994. Marine fishes from Indo-Pacific Fishes 6: 1-23. the Seychelles: 108 new records. Zoologische Randall, J.E. & McCarthy, L.J. 1988. A new damselfish Verhandelingen Leiden 1: 43-83. of the genus Chromis (Perciformes: Pomacentridae) Randall, J.E. & Eschmeyer, W.N. 2001. Revision of the from the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman. Revue Indo-Pacific scorpionfish genus Scorpaenopsis, with française d'Aquariologie Herpétologie 14(4)(for descriptions of eight new species. Indo-Pacific Fishes 1987): 133-136. 34: 1-79, pls. 1-12. Randall, J.E. & McCarthy, L.J. 1989. Solea stanalandi, a Randall, J.E.; Fraser, T.H. & Lachner, E.A. 1990. On the new sole from the Persian Gulf. Japanese Journal of validity of the Indo-Pacific cardinalfishes Apogon Ichthyology 36(2): 196-199. aureus (Lacepède) and A. fleurieu (Lacepède), with Randall, J.E. & Miroz, A. 2001. Thalassoma lunare x description of a related new species from the Red Sea. Thalassoma rueppellii, a hybrid labrid fish from the Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 103(1): 39-62. Red Sea. Aqua Journal of Ichthyology and Aquatic Randall, J.E. & Greenfield, D.W. 2001. A preliminary Biology 4(4):131-134. review of the Indo-Pacific gobiid fishes of the genus Randall, J.E. & Sinoto, Y.H. 1978. Rapan fish names. Gnatholepis. Ichthyological Bulletin of the J.L.B. B.P. Bishop Mus. Occas. Pap. 24(15:294-306. Smith Institute of Ichthyology 69: 1-17. Randall, J.E. & Smith, M.M. 1982. A review of the labrid Randall, J.E. & Guézé, P. 1984. Parupeneus fishes of the genus Halichoeres of the western Indian margaritatus, a new species of goatfish (Mullidae) Ocean, with descriptions of six new species. from the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman. Cybium Ichthyological Bulletin of the J.L.B. Smith Institute 8(4): 9-17. of Ichthyology 45: 1-26. Randall, J.E. & Heemstra, P.C. 1991a. Revision of Indo- Randall, J.E. & Stroud, G.J. 1985. On the validity of the Pacific groupers (Perciformes: Serranidae: mugiloidid fish Parapercis robinsoni Fowler. Epinephelinae), with descriptions of five new species. Japanese Journal of Ichthyology 32(1): 93-99. Indo-Pacific Fishes 20: 1-332. Randall, J.E., J.L. Earle, T. Hayes, C. Pittman, M. Randall, J.E. & Heemstra, E. 2009. Three new Severns and R.L.F. Smith, 1993. Eleven new records

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170 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (October 2019), 6(Suppl. 1): 1–171 Received: January 17, 2019 © 2019 Iranian Society of Ichthyology Accepted: October 07, 2019 P-ISSN: 2383-1561; E-ISSN: 2383-0964 doi: 10.22034/iji.v6i0.454 http://www.ijichthyol.org

مقاله پژوهشی لیست تشریحی ماهیان خلیج فارس: تنوع و وضعیت حفاظتی

سهیل ایگدری*1، رونالد فریک2، حمیدرضا اسماعیلی3، پریا جلیلی1

1گروه شیالت، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران. 2ای.ام رامستال 76، 97922 لودا-کونینگسهوفن، آلمان. 3آزمایشگاه تحقیقاتی ماهیشناسی و سیستماتیک مولکولی، بخش جانورشناسی، گروه زیستشناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران.

چکیده: این چک لیست با هدف مرور و خالصه کردن نتایج تحقیقات سیستماتیک برروی ماهیان خلیج فارس که در طی 200 سال گذشته انجام شده است، به اجرا درآمد. از زمان کار C. Niebuhr، یک زیستشناس دانمارکی در قرن 18 میالدی، تعداد گونههای معتبر بهصورت معنیداری افزایش یافته و وضعیت سیستماتیک بسیاری از آنها تغییر کرده و بازنگری شدهاند؛ از اینرو بهروز رسانی این اطالعات ضرورت یافته است. در اینجا ما از این فرصت برای فراهم آوردن یک چک لیست جدید و به روز ماهیان خلیج فارس براساس مقاالت و دادههای وقوع براساس نمونههای موزهای و نمونههای ماهیان گردآوری شده استفاده میکنیم. براساس نتایج ماهیان خلیج فارس شامل 743 گونه تائید شده در 131 خانواده، 445 جنس و 27 راسته میباشند. در رده ماهیان غضروفی، متنوعترین خانواده Charcharhinidae با 23 گونه )41/89 درصد( و به دنبال آن Dasyatidae با 15 گونه )08/31 درصد( بود. در راسته ماهیان استخوانی، Gobiidae با 65 گونه )70/9 درصد(، Carangidae با 45 گونه )6/27 درصد(، Serranidae با 25 گونه )73/3 درصد(، Apogonidae با 25 گونه )73/3 درصد(، Lutjanidae با 23 گونه )43/3 درصد( و Blenniidae با 23 گونه )3/43 درصد( متنوعترین خانوادههای ماهیان خلیج فارس هستند. کلماتکلیدی: تنوع ماهیها، آرام-هند، خلیج فارس، دریای عمان، ایران.

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