New Voices in Japanese Studies Volume 9
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Vol.9 newvoices.org.au New Voices in Japanese Studies Volume 9 An interdisciplinary, peer-reviewed journal showcasing the work of emerging scholars from Australia and New Zealand with research interests in Japan. GUEST EDITOR, VOLUME 9 Dr Olivier Krischer, Australian National University EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD (in alphabetical order) Associate Professor Tomoko Aoyama, University of Queensland Dr Lionel Babicz, University of Sydney Dr Adam Broinowski, Australian National University Professor Ralf Buckley, Griffith University Associate Professor David Chapman, University of Queensland Dr Hilary Chung, University of Auckland Dr Mark Gibeau, Australian National University Professor Kumi Kato, Wakayama University Dr Belinda Kennett, University of Queensland Dr Emerald L. King, Victoria University of Wellington Professor Vera Mackie, University of Wollongong Dr Claire Maree, University of Melbourne Dr Meredith McKinney, Australian National University Professor Tessa Morris-Suzuki, Australian National University Associate Professor Tsuyoshi Namigata, Kyushu University Dr Yuko Shibata, University of Melbourne Associate Professor Roy Starrs, University of Otago Dr Katsuhiko Suganuma, University of Tasmania Associate Professor Rebecca Suter, University of Sydney Dr Shino Takayama, University of Queensland Dr Tamaki Tokita, University of Sydney Dr Yuichiro Waki, University of Queensland Dr Jiao Wang, University of Melbourne ACTING SERIES EDITOR Leah Sourris, The Japan Foundation, Sydney SERIES EDITOR Elicia O’Reilly, The Japan Foundation, Sydney To link to this volume: HEAD OF DEPARTMENT http://doi.org/10.21159/nvjs.09 Ayusa Koshi, The Japan Foundation, Sydney All submissions to New Voices in Japanese Studies are peer reviewed ISSN 2205-3166 by a board of independent academic experts to meet the HERDC requirements for refereed journal status. This and other volumes are available for download via the New Voices in Japanese Studies website All articles can be downloaded free at and the Directory of Open Access Journals. newvoices.org.au www.newvoices.org.au | www.doaj.org © The Japan Foundation, Sydney, 2017 The views expressed in this journal are those of the authors, and do not necessarily coincide with those of the editors, the members of the Editorial Advisory Board or The Japan Foundation, Sydney. Japanese names are written in first name–surname order, in With the exception of images or other accordance with English-language convention. The long vowel sound in material identified as copyright of a third Japanese is indicated by a macron (e.g. kotsu), unless in common use without (e.g., Tokyo). party, this content is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution- PUBLISHED BY NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 The Japan Foundation, Sydney International Licence. All other rights Level 4, Central Park reserved. Permission requests for usages 28 Broadway, Chippendale NSW 2008 outside those governed by this licence www.jpf.org.au should be directed to the Series Editor at [email protected]. June 2017 New Voices in Japanese Studies, Volume 9 is copyright © The Japan Foundation, We request attribution as follows: Sydney and the authors. Copyright of the collection belongs to The Japan © The Japan Foundation, Sydney / Foundation, Sydney. Copyright of the work belongs to the authors. All third-party [author name], [year of publication]. images have been reproduced with permission and copyright remains with the i original copyright holders. New Voices in Japanese Studies was formerly published as New Voices. New Voices in Japanese Studies, Vol. 9, 2017 Foreword Volume 9 of New Voices in Japanese Studies (NVJS) brings to the fore fi ve articles by a promising selection of new voices from both Australia and New Zealand, who have tackled a number of complex themes across a broad range of disciplines. I hope they have found contributing to the journal to be a rewarding experience, and one of the fi rst of many opportunities to contribute to the growing body of outstanding research in Japanese studies, both in the region and beyond. Every year, this journal would not come to fruition were it not for a cast of dedicated individuals. Firstly, it has been a great privilege to have Australian National University’s Australian Centre on China in the World Post-doctoral Fellow Dr Olivier Krischer on board as Guest Editor for this volume. A previous Monbukagakushō scholarship recipient with research interests in modern and contemporary China-Japan relations through art, Dr Krischer graciously took on the role of Guest Editor for NVJS while simultaneously embarking on a Research Fellowship at Academia Sinica, Taiwan. On behalf of the NVJS team, I would like to express my sincere gratitude for the tireless dedication and expert advice he has provided to not only shape this volume into the publication it has become, but also off er valuable guidance to both the NVJS team and contributing authors throughout the entire editorial process. I wholeheartedly believe that Dr Krischer’s guidance has allowed this edition’s New Voices contributors to further hone their skills as researchers, placing them fi rmly on the path to pursue promising careers in their respective fi elds of research. I would also like to take this opportunity to thank the members of this year’s Editorial Advisory Board, who amid their busy schedules have very generously off ered their valuable time to provide feedback on the submissions for this volume. Th e journal would not be possible without their assistance, and I would like to sincerely thank them for their ongoing support of NVJS, and in turn their contribution to cultivating the next generation of researchers in the fi eld of Japanese studies. Additionally, I would like to acknowledge the considerable eff orts of the NVJS team who have coordinated this edition of the journal: Series Editors Elicia O’Reilly and Leah Sourris; and Supervising Manager Ayusa Koshi. ii Foreword New Voices in Japanese Studies, Vol. 9, 2017 Finally, I would like to express my deep appreciation to this edition’s contributing authors. We understand how daunting the editorial process can be, and you have all gone above and beyond to rigorously address feedback and adhere to demanding deadlines. You are a credit to your supervisors, and we wish you all the very best as you continue your academic journeys. Yoshihiro Wada Director Th e Japan Foundation, Sydney June 2017 iii Foreword New Voices in Japanese Studies, Vol. 9, 2017 Contents ii Foreword v Introduction Dr Olivier Krischer 1 Community Engagement with Wildlife Conservation in Japan: A Case Study of an Endangered Bird, the Okinawa Rail (Hypotaenidia okinawae) Madeleine Sbeghen 28 Girls Just Want To Have Fun: The Portrayal of Girls’ Rebellion in Mobile Phone Novels Marie Kim 48 Rethinking the Rat Trilogy: Detachment, Commitment and Haruki Murakami’s Politics of Subjectivity A. K. Byron 71 Creatures of Myth and Modernity: Meiji-Era Representations of Shojo (Orangutans) as Exotic Animals Daniel J. Wyatt 94 Heteroglossic Masculinity in Haruki Murakami’s 'A Wild Sheep Chase' Laura Emily Clark iv Contents New Voices in Japanese Studies, Vol. 9, 2017 Introduction Many of the strengths of this issue refl ect recent developments in the journal’s scope coming to fruition, which invites some refl ection and congratulations on the way this project has evolved. In Volume 7, Series Editor Elicia O’Reilly and Guest Editor Dr Shelley Brunt outlined changes to the journal’s title, format and scope of submissions, which broadly sought to make it more robust and more responsive to the fi eld. Integral to this was the academic rigour with which papers would be peer reviewed, as well as the interdisciplinary breadth of research that would be pursued under an updated title. As refl ected in this issue, contributions are now welcomed from PhD candidates and recent graduates (including those currently undertaking research in Japan), for whom opportunities to publish remain vital—not only for their resumes, but so as to share developments in the fi eld, and to expose such new research to a critical community of colleagues. Th ere is an element of mystery when a call for papers goes out, particularly for a journal with as generous a brief as this. What kinds of research are emerging scholars pursuing? Are there clear trends or popular biases that might shape or even limit the fi eld? As Guest Editor for Volume 9, it is a pleasure, then, to present another diverse set of papers, refl ecting the strength and scope of emerging scholarship in Japanese studies, broad both in historical range and research interest. Madeleine Sbeghen presents a detailed study of community engagement in conservation for a critically endangered bird described to science only in 1981, the Okinawa Rail. Sbeghen tracks the way local communities have developed a strong relationship with this species, making it a symbol of regional cultural identity, leveraged not only for tourism but also for community events and wider conservation goals. Th is has led to investment by government and community stakeholders in conservation education, dedicated facilities and public awareness campaigns. Intensely urbanised communities place signifi cant pressures on local environments, and the shift from rural living also means the loss of previous forms of land management. Th is issue is particularly complex in northern Okinawa, where the symbolic value of this unique local asset has even seen the bird enlisted in the community’s struggles against the activities of the local US military base. Yet, many of the immediate threats to the bird’s survival stem from the local community itself. Th is study thus demonstrates the role of community cooperation in conservation and the value of interdisciplinary v approaches to navigate a complex range of stakeholders. Introduction New Voices in Japanese Studies, Vol. 9, 2017, pp. v-viii Marie Kim writes about the portrayal of girls’ rebellion in kētai shōsetsu— novels typically written and shared on mobile phones by young women.