Second Generation Coastal Management Programme 2019 - 2024
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WEST COAST DISTRICT MUNICIPALITY SECOND GENERATION COASTAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME 2019 - 2024 This Report should be cited as follows: West Coast District Municipality (2019). Draft Coastal Management Programme: Second Generation. This report was developed for the West Coast District Municipality by: The Point, Suite 408, 4th Floor Contact: 76 Regent Road, Sea Point Dr Ted Avis CAPE TOWN Tel: 021 045 0900 8060 Email: [email protected] www.cesnet.co.za Also in Grahamstown, Port Amy Lindsay Elizabeth, East London, Tel: 083 554 9229 Johannesburg & Maputo Email: [email protected] West Coast District Municipality: Charles Malherbe Nick de Jongh CES: Ted Avis Amy Lindsay Acknowledgements: Bergrivier Municipality Cederberg Municipality Matzikama Municipality Saldanha Bay Municipality Swartland Municipality TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................ VIII 1 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background ........................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Defining the Coastal Zone ............................................................................................... 1 1.3 Value of the coast ............................................................................................................. 5 1.4 Context of Coastal Management Programmes in South Africa ................................ 5 1.5 The Purpose of the Updated West Coast District Coastal Management Programme ..................................................................................................................................... 5 1.6 The West Coast District Municipality Coastal Management Programme Development Process ................................................................................................................... 6 1.7 Framework of the Second Generation WCDM CMP ................................................... 7 2 LEGISLATIVE OVERVIEW ......................................................................................................... 1 2.1 Legislation ........................................................................................................................... 1 2.2 National and Provincial policies and programmes ...................................................... 7 2.3 West Coast District Municipality policies and programmes ........................................ 7 2.4 Local Municipality policies and programmes ............................................................... 7 2.5 Other policies and programmes ..................................................................................... 8 3 SITUATION ASSESSMENT ......................................................................................................... 9 3.1 Locality and extent of the coastline ............................................................................... 9 3.2 Institutional Arrangements and Cooperative Governance ...................................... 10 3.2.1. Coastal management functions at Provincial, District and Local Level .............. 10 3.2.2. Co-operative governance ....................................................................................... 12 3.2.3. Protected Areas ........................................................................................................ 12 3.2.4. WCDM Coastal Committee ..................................................................................... 12 3.3 Coastal access ................................................................................................................ 13 3.3.1. Existing access to the coastline ............................................................................... 13 3.3.2. Western Cape Coastal Management Programme (2016) .................................... 16 3.3.3. Coastal Access Audit for the WCDM ...................................................................... 16 3.3.4. Coastal public amenities .......................................................................................... 17 3.3.5. Working for the Coast projects ................................................................................ 17 3.3.6. Public launch sites ..................................................................................................... 19 3.3.7. Use of vehicles in the coastal zone ......................................................................... 20 3.3.8. The use of the coastal zone for recreational activities .......................................... 21 3.3.9. Facilitation of coastal access through town planning processes ......................... 22 3.4 Coastal Planning and Development ............................................................................ 23 3.4.1. Western Cape Biodiversity Spatial Plan (2017) ....................................................... 23 3.4.2. Cape West Coast Biosphere Reserve (CWCBR) ..................................................... 26 3.4.3. Coastal Management Lines ..................................................................................... 28 3.4.4. West Coast District Municipality’s Climate Change Response Framework (2014) .............................................................................................................................................. 30 3.5 Compliance, monitoring and enforcement ................................................................ 31 3.5.1. Environmental Management Inspectorate (EMI) ................................................... 31 3.5.2. Fisheries Control Officers ........................................................................................... 32 3.5.3. Air Quality Compliance and Enforcement in the WCDM ..................................... 33 3.6 Estuary management ..................................................................................................... 33 3.7 Natural resource management .................................................................................... 44 3.7.1. Vegetation ................................................................................................................ 44 3.7.3. Formal protected Areas ........................................................................................... 44 3.7.3. Important Bird Areas ................................................................................................. 50 3.7.3. Marine resources ....................................................................................................... 51 3.7.4. Mineral resources ...................................................................................................... 54 3.8 Heritage resource management .................................................................................. 59 3.8.2. Heritage resources .................................................................................................... 59 3.9 Pollution control and management ............................................................................. 64 3.9.1. Existing sources of pollution in the coastal zone ..................................................... 64 3.9.2. Existing pollution monitoring and management activities .................................... 71 3.10 Socio-economic development ..................................................................................... 76 3.10.1. Contribution to Provincial GDP and demographic profile .................................. 76 3.10.2. Existing ports and harbours ..................................................................................... 80 3.10.3. Western Cape Small Harbours: Spatial and Economic Development Frameworks (Delta BEC, 2016) ........................................................................................... 81 3.10.4. Tourism assets in the WCDM ................................................................................... 82 3.10.5. Aquaculture activities ............................................................................................. 83 3.10.6. Saldanha Bay Special Economic Zone (SEZ) ........................................................ 84 3.10.7. Small Scale Fisheries Policy ..................................................................................... 84 3.10.8. Renewable Energy opportunities .......................................................................... 85 3.11 Awareness, education, training, capacity building and information ...................... 87 3.11.1. National Oceans and Coastal Information Management System ..................... 87 3.11.2. South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI) ............................................. 89 3.11.3. Formalised coastal education and awareness campaigns................................ 89 3.11.4. National and Provincial training initiatives ............................................................ 90 3.11.5. Signage at beaches ............................................................................................... 91 3.11.6. Coastal related forums and committees .............................................................. 91 3.11.7. Fisheries Community Development Workers ......................................................... 91 3.11.8. Public libraries .......................................................................................................... 92 3.11.9. Other