Real-Time DNA Barcoding in a Remote Rainforest Using Nanopore Sequencing
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Aquiloeurycea Scandens (Walker, 1955). the Tamaulipan False Brook Salamander Is Endemic to Mexico
Aquiloeurycea scandens (Walker, 1955). The Tamaulipan False Brook Salamander is endemic to Mexico. Originally described from caves in the Reserva de la Biósfera El Cielo in southwestern Tamaulipas, this species later was reported from a locality in San Luis Potosí (Johnson et al., 1978) and another in Coahuila (Lemos-Espinal and Smith, 2007). Frost (2015) noted, however, that specimens from areas remote from the type locality might be unnamed species. This individual was found in an ecotone of cloud forest and pine-oak forest near Ejido La Gloria, in the municipality of Gómez Farías. Wilson et al. (2013b) determined its EVS as 17, placing it in the middle portion of the high vulnerability category. Its conservation status has been assessed as Vulnerable by IUCN, and as a species of special protection by SEMARNAT. ' © Elí García-Padilla 42 www.mesoamericanherpetology.com www.eaglemountainpublishing.com The herpetofauna of Tamaulipas, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status SERGIO A. TERÁN-JUÁREZ1, ELÍ GARCÍA-PADILLA2, VICENTE Mata-SILva3, JERRY D. JOHNSON3, AND LARRY DavID WILSON4 1División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de Ciudad Victoria, Boulevard Emilio Portes Gil No. 1301 Pte. Apartado postal 175, 87010, Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, Mexico. Email: [email protected] 2Oaxaca de Juárez, Oaxaca, Código Postal 68023, Mexico. E-mail: [email protected] 3Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968-0500, United States. E-mails: [email protected] and [email protected] 4Centro Zamorano de Biodiversidad, Escuela Agrícola Panamericana Zamorano, Departamento de Francisco Morazán, Honduras. E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT: The herpetofauna of Tamaulipas, the northeasternmost state in Mexico, is comprised of 184 species, including 31 anurans, 13 salamanders, one crocodylian, 124 squamates, and 15 turtles. -
Venom Characterization of the Three Species of Ophryacus and Proteomic Profiling of O. Sphenophrys Unveils Sphenotoxin, a Novel
Journal of Proteomics xxx (xxxx) xxx–xxx Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Proteomics journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jprot Venom characterization of the three species of Ophryacus and proteomic profiling of O. sphenophrys unveils Sphenotoxin, a novel Crotoxin-like heterodimeric β-neurotoxin Edgar Neri-Castroa,b, Bruno Lomontec, Mariel Valdésa,d, Roberto Ponce-Lópeza, Melisa Bénard-Vallea, Miguel Borjae, Jason L. Stricklandf, Jason M. Jonesg, Christoph Grünwaldg, ⁎ Fernando Zamudioa, Alejandro Alagóna, a Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Colonia Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, México b Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas UNAM, México. c Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501, Costa Rica d Laboratorio de Genética, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 07738, México e Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Av. Universidad s/n. Fracc. Filadelfia, Gómez Palacio C.P. 35010, México. f Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Blvd, Orlando, FL 32816, USA. g Herp.mx A.C., Villa del Álvarez, Colima, México ABSTRACT Venoms of the three species of Ophryacus (O. sphenophrys, O. smaragdinus, and O. undulatus), a viperid genus endemic to Mexico, were analyzed for the first time in the present work. The three venoms lacked procoagulant activity on human plasma, but induced hemorrhage and were highly lethal to mice. These venoms also displayed proteolytic and phospholipase A2 activities in vitro. The venom of O. sphenophrys was the most lethal and caused hind-limb paralysis in mice. Proteomic profiling of O. -
Aark: Keeping Threatened Amphibian Species Afloat
APRIL 2017 AMPHIBIAN SURVIVAL ALLIANCE NEWTSLETTER Got a story you want to share? Drop Candace an email today! [email protected] Stories from our partners around the world AArk: Keeping threatened amphibian species afloat which will hopefully mean less work for the expert as- sessors, and will increase the number of assessments that can be completed. We have enlisted 10 very eager and capable volunteers, who are currently drafting as- sessments, based on the data in previously-published species accounts. Once the draft assessments have been made, using all available data, we will then ask the appropriate species experts to review the drafts, update any additional data, and then approve them. This process of pre-filling assessments has been used for amphibian assessments in the IUCN Red List, and has proven to be very beneficial. © Gilbert Alvarado Barboza © Alvarado Gilbert Our Training Officer is planning for a couple of capacity- During the past two months Amphibian Ark has been building courses in the coming months - the Biology, involved in a number of projects. Management and Conservation of North American Salamanders course will be held at Zoo Atlanta, Geor- We are continuing to facilitate national Conservation gia, USA, September 18th–22nd, and the Guatemalan Needs Assessments, and at the moment we are concen- Amphibian Biology, Management and Conservation trating on species from the Western Ghats in India, and Training Course will be held at the Universidad del Valle North American salamanders. With several groups keen de Guatemala in November 2017. Information about to establish ex situ conservation programs for species both courses can be found on the AArk web site, www. -
Crocodylus Moreletii
ANFIBIOS Y REPTILES: DIVERSIDAD E HISTORIA NATURAL VOLUMEN 03 NÚMERO 02 NOVIEMBRE 2020 ISSN: 2594-2158 Es un publicación de la CONSEJO DIRECTIVO 2019-2021 COMITÉ EDITORIAL Presidente Editor-en-Jefe Dr. Hibraim Adán Pérez Mendoza Dra. Leticia M. Ochoa Ochoa Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Senior Editors Vicepresidente Dr. Marcio Martins (Artigos em português) Dr. Óscar A. Flores Villela Dr. Sean M. Rovito (English papers) Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Editores asociados Secretario Dr. Uri Omar García Vázquez Dra. Ana Bertha Gatica Colima Dr. Armando H. Escobedo-Galván Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez Dr. Oscar A. Flores Villela Dra. Irene Goyenechea Mayer Goyenechea Tesorero Dr. Rafael Lara Rezéndiz Dra. Anny Peralta García Dr. Norberto Martínez Méndez Conservación de Fauna del Noroeste Dra. Nancy R. Mejía Domínguez Dr. Jorge E. Morales Mavil Vocal Norte Dr. Hibraim A. Pérez Mendoza Dr. Juan Miguel Borja Jiménez Dr. Jacobo Reyes Velasco Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango Dr. César A. Ríos Muñoz Dr. Marco A. Suárez Atilano Vocal Centro Dra. Ireri Suazo Ortuño M. en C. Ricardo Figueroa Huitrón Dr. Julián Velasco Vinasco Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México M. en C. Marco Antonio López Luna Dr. Adrián García Rodríguez Vocal Sur M. en C. Marco Antonio López Luna Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco English style corrector PhD candidate Brett Butler Diseño editorial Lic. Andrea Vargas Fernández M. en A. Rafael de Villa Magallón http://herpetologia.fciencias.unam.mx/index.php/revista NOTAS CIENTÍFICAS SKIN TEXTURE CHANGE IN DIASPORUS HYLAEFORMIS (ANURA: ELEUTHERODACTYLIDAE) ..................... 95 CONTENIDO Juan G. Abarca-Alvarado NOTES OF DIET IN HIGHLAND SNAKES RHADINAEA EDITORIAL CALLIGASTER AND RHADINELLA GODMANI (SQUAMATA:DIPSADIDAE) FROM COSTA RICA ..... -
Visual Signaling in Anuran Amphibians
.. Hödl, W. and Amezquita, A. (2001). Visual signaling in anuran amphibians. In: Anuran communication, (M.J. Ryan, ed.). .. Smithsonian lust. Press, Washington. Pp. 121-141. 10 WALTER HÖDL AND ADOLFO AMEZQUITA Visual Signaling in Anuran Amphibians lntroduction cation. social behavior, or natural history. visual signaling was either not considered or was treated as a minor subject Acoustic communication plays a fundamental role in an- (Wells 1977a, 1977b; Arak 1983; Duellman and Trueb 1986; uran reproduction and thus is involved in evolutionary Rand 1988; Halliday and Tejedo 1995; Stebbins and Cohen processes such as mate recognition. reproductive isolation. 1995; Sullivan et al. 1995). The most detailed review ofthe speciation. and character displacement (Wells 1977a. 1977b. subject is now more than 20 years old (Wells 1977b). Never- 1988;Rand 1988;Gerhardt and Schwartz 1995;Halliday and theless some authors have discussed the possible evolution- Tejedo 1995;Sullivan et al. 1995).Visual cues. however. have ary link between visual signaling and the reproductive ecol- been thought to function only during dose-range inter- ogy of species, such as reproduction associated with streams actions (Wells 1977c; Duellman and Trueb 1986). Visual sig- (Heyer et aI. 1990; Lindquist and Hetherington 1996. 1998; naling is predicted to be predominantly employed by diur- Hödl et al. 1997;Haddad and Giaretta 1999) or reproduction nal species at sites with an unobstructed view (Endler 1992). within feeding territories (Wells 1977c). Diurnality. however. is not common for the majority offrog Our aim in this review is (1) to propose a dassmcation of species. Thus vocalizations. which are highly efficient for reported behavioral patterns of visual signaling in frags; (2) communicating at night or in dense vegetation, are by far to describe the diversity of visual signals among living an- the best studied anuran signals (Duellman and Trueb 1986; uran taxa; and (3) to apply a comparative approach to explor- Fritzsch et aI. -
2011 Q1 EDITED.Indd
Using the Chandra X-ray Observatory, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics astronomers have found evidence for the youngest black hole known—only about 30 years old. This image of the galaxy M100 shows the location of supernova 1979c, suspected of producing this black hole. Report to the Regents First Quarter, Fiscal Year 2011 Prepared by Offi ce of Policy and Analysis Broadening Access: Visitation Summary In the fi rst quarter of fi scal year 2011, the Institution counted about 5.8 million visits to its museums in Washington, D.C., and New York City, plus the National Zoological Park and Steven F. Udvar- Hazy Center—up about 6 percent from the fi gure for this period in fi scal year 2010. Of note were the increases in visitation at the National Air and Space Museum (up 28 percent) and the Donald W. Reynolds Center for American Art and Portraiture (up 64 percent). Th e latter refl ects the impact of two exhibitions that received extensive media coverage: the Smithsonian American Art Museum’s Telling Stories: Norman Rockwell from the Collections of George Lucas and Steven Spielberg and the National Portrait Gallery’s Hide/Seek: Difference and Desire in American Portraiture. Th e Smithsonian also counted: • approximately 1.5 million visits to traveling exhibitions mounted by the Smithsonian Institution Traveling Exhibition Service, and • about 36 million visits to Smithsonian websites. Visits to Smithsonian Venues and Traveling Exhibitions First Quarter, Fiscal Years 2009, 2010, and 2011 1,600,000 1,400,000 1,200,000 1,000,000 800,000 FY 2009 600,000 FY 2010 FY 2011 400,000 200,000 0 Freer/Sackler Hirshhorn African Art Ripley Center Reynolds Center Anacostia Postal Renwick National Zoo American History Air and Space Cooper-Hewitt (NY) Natural History American Indian Udvar-Hazy Traveling (SITES) Heye Center (NY) SI Castle Report to the Regents, April 2011 1 Grand Challenges Highlights November 2010 saw the release of the fi rst in a planned series of papers by Secretary G. -
Strategic Plan 2017-2021 Panama Amphibian Rescue and Conservation Project
STRATEGIC PLAN 2017-2021 PANAMA AMPHIBIAN RESCUE AND CONSERVATION PROJECT Project Partnership between: Cheyenne Mountain Zoo, Houston Zoo, Smithsonian’s National Zoological Park, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute and Zoo New England. We developed the following goals at a strategic planning meeting of the Panama Amphibian Rescue and Conservation Project in spring 2016 at the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Insti- tute’s Front Royal Campus. Footnotes detail how our current goals compliment the 2011 Na- tional Amphibian Conservation Action Plan published by the Ministry of the Environment in Panama. Workshop Participants: Facilitator: Dave Wildt (SCBI) Implementation team: Eric Baitchman, Zoo New England; Matthew Evans, National Zoo; Jorge Guerrel, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI); Brian Gratwicke, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Insti- tute (SCBI); Roberto Ibáñez, STRI; Heidi L. Ross, STRI; Brad Wilson, Atlanta Botanical Gar- dens. Guests: Kevin Barratt, Maryland Zoo in Baltimore; Matt Becker, SCBI; Lisa Belden, Vir- ginia Tech; Lesli Creedon, National Zoo; Gina Della Togna, SCBI; Alan Pessier, SanDiego Zoo; Sharon Ryan, STRI. Steering Committee: The Panama Amphibian Rescue and Conservation Project is over- seen by Bob Chastain, President and CEO Cheyenne Mountain Zoo; Lee Ehmke, CEO, Hou- ston Zoo; Dr. Steve Monfort, Director Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute; Dr. Mat- thew Larsen, Director Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; John Linehan, President and CEO Zoo New England. Citation: PARC (2017) Panama Amphibian Rescue and Conservation Project Strategic Plan 2017-2021. Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C. Atelopus zeteki: Photo © Joel Sartore (Photo Ark) Cover image: Pair of Atelopus limosus in amplexus at the Gamboa Amphibian Research and Conservation Center. Photo © Joel Sartore, Photo Ark. -
Atropoides Picadoi Agkistrodon Bilineatus
37 Beauty of the Beast SNAKES OF COSTA RICA AA DEADLYDEADLY CHARMCHARM Large and small, colorful or drab, harmless or dangerously venomous - meet some of the most fascinating ophidians of Mesoamerica 38 Spilotes pullatus Powerful, muscular, agile and fast-moving, this diurnal and highly variable species can attain a length of 2.6 meter / 8.5 feet. Relatively common in dry lowland riverine forest from Mexico to Argentina, it makes for an impressive encounter in the field, offering a most effective defensive display which includes mouth gaping, loud hissing and extreme inflating of the throat. 39 TEXTS BY POMPILIO CAMPOS BONILLA & ANDREA FERRARI PHOTOS BY ANDREA & ANTONELLA FERRARI and POMPILIO CAMPOS CHINCHILLA osta Rica is a Central American in major international treaties and Ctropical country which thanks to its conventions for the conservation of prevailing environmental conditions nature. A member of CITES, it follow can boast a rich diversity of snakes, strict rules regulating the international with a total of 11 families, 64 genera trade in endangered species - therefore and 139 ophidian species of aquatic, snakes enjoy benefits conferred by terrestrial and arboreal habits, law, ensuring their survival. However, distributed in almost all its territory, because of the myths and popular from sea level to an elevation of about beliefs about snakes, many species of 3000 meters. Only 22 of these possess great ecological importance are still a venom capable of causing harm to victims of human ignorance and are human health - these belong to the regularly killed, mainly in agricultural family Viperidae (pit vipers with heat- areas where workers are afraid of sensitive loreal pits, with haemotoxic being bitten. -
Inventario De Flora Y Fauna En El CBIMA (12.6
ii CRÉDITOS Comité Directivo José Vicente Troya Rodríguez Representante Residente del PNUD en Costa Rica Kryssia Brade Representante Residente Adjunta del PNUD en Costa Rica Coordinado por Miriam Miranda Quirós Coordinadora del proyecto Paisajes Productivos-PNUD Consultores que trabajaron en la realización del estudio José Esteban Jiménez, estudio de plantas vasculares Federico Oviedo Brenes, estudio de plantas vasculares Fabián Araya Yannarella, estudio de hongos Víctor J. Acosta-Chaves, estudios de aves, de anfibios y de reptiles Susana Gutiérrez Acuña, estudio de mamíferos Revisado por el comité editorial PNUD Rafaella Sánchez Ingrid Hernández Jose Daniel Estrada Diseño y diagramación Marvin Rojas San José, Costa Rica, 2019 iii RESUMEN EJECUTIVO El conocimiento sobre la diversidad 84 especies esperadas, 21 especies de biológica que habita los ecosistemas anfibios y 84 especies de reptiles. naturales, tanto boscosos como no boscosos, así como en áreas rurales y La diversidad acá presentada, con urbanas, es la línea base fundamental excepción de los hongos, es entre 100 y para establecer un manejo y una gestión 250% mayor respecto al estudio similar adecuadas sobre la protección, efectuado en el 2001 (FUNDENA 2001). conservación y uso sostenible de los La cantidad de especies sensibles es recursos naturales. En el Corredor baja para cada grupo de organismos Biológico Interurbano Maria Aguilar se respecto al total. El CBIMA posee una encontró un total de 765 especies de gran cantidad de especies de plantas plantas vasculares, (74.9% son nativas nativas con alto potencial para restaurar de Costa Rica y crecen naturalmente en espacios físicos degradados y para el CBIMA, un 3.5% son nativas de Costa utilizar como ornamentales. -
Squamata: Viperidae: Bothriechis) from the Costa Rican Highlands, with Notes on the Variation Within B
Zootaxa 4138 (2): 271–290 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2016 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4138.2.3 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:4F1E4A87-5370-420C-9C16-2BC373645110 A cryptic palm-pitviper species (Squamata: Viperidae: Bothriechis) from the Costa Rican highlands, with notes on the variation within B. nigroviridis TIFFANY M. DOAN1, ANDREW J. MASON1, TODD A. CASTOE2, MAHMOOD SASA3 & CHRISTOPHER L. PARKINSON1,4 1Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Blvd, Orlando, FL 32816, USA. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] 2Department of Biology, 501 S. Nedderman Drive, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA. E-mail: [email protected] 3Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, and Palo Verde Biological Station, Organization for Tropical Studies, San José, Costa Rica. E-mail: [email protected] 4Corresponding author Abstract Middle America is one of the most biodiverse regions in the world, harboring an exceptional number of rare and endemic species. This is especially true of Middle American cloud forests, where montane specialists occupy restricted, high-ele- vation ranges making them attractive candidates for investigating historical biogeography and speciation. One such high- land-restricted species, the black speckled palm-pitviper (Bothriechis nigroviridis), occupies the Central, Tilarán, and Talamanca Cordilleras in Costa Rica and Panama. In this study, we investigate the genetic and morphological variation among populations of B. nigroviridis by inferring a multilocus phylogeny (21 individuals) and analyzing meristic scale characters with a principal component analysis (64 individuals). -
Amazing Amphibians Celebrating a Decade of Amphibian Conservation
QUARTERLY PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION OF ZOOS AND AQUARIA AUTUMNZ 2018OO QUARIAISSUE 102 AMAZING AMPHIBIANS CELEBRATING A DECADE OF AMPHIBIAN CONSERVATION A giant challenge BUILDING A FUTURE FOR THE CHINESE GIANT SALAMANDER 1 Taking a Leap PROTECTING DARWIN’S FROG IN CHILE Give your visitors a digital experience Add a new dimension to your visitor experience with the Aratag app – for museums, parks and tourist www.aratag.com attractions of all kinds. Aratag is a fully-integrated information system featuring a CMS and universal app that visitors download to their smart devices. The app runs automatically when it detects a nearby facility using the Aratag system. With the power of Aratag’s underlying client CMS system, zoos, aquariums, museums and other tourist attractions can craft customized, site-specifi c app content for their visitors. Aratag’s CMS software makes it easy for you to create and update customized app content, including menus, text, videos, AR, and active links. Aratag gives you the power to intelligently monitor visitors, including demographics and visitor fl ows, visit durations, preferred attractions, and more. You can also send push messages through the app, giving your visitors valuable information such as feeding times, closing time notices, transport information, fi re alarms, evacuation routes, lost and found, etc. Contact Pangea Rocks for an on-site demonstration of how Aratag gives you the power to deliver enhanced visitor experiences. Contact us for more information: Address: Aratag is designed and Email: [email protected] Aratag / Pangea Rocks A/S developed by Pangea Rocks A/S Phone: +45 60 94 34 32 Navervej 13 in collaboration with Aalborg Mobile : +45 53 80 34 32 6800 Varde, Denmark University. -
Tan Choo Hock Thesis Submitted in Fulfi
TOXINOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATIONS OF THE VENOM OF HUMP-NOSED PIT VIPER (HYPNALE HYPNALE) TAN CHOO HOCK THESIS SUBMITTED IN FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY FACULTY OF MEDICINE UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA KUALA LUMPUR 2013 Abstract Hump-nosed pit viper (Hypnale hypnale) is a medically important snake in Sri Lanka and Western Ghats of India. Envenomation by this snake still lacks effective antivenom clinically. The species is also often misidentified, resulting in inappropriate treatment. The median lethal dose (LD50) of H. hypnale venom varies from 0.9 µg/g intravenously to 13.7 µg/g intramuscularly in mice. The venom shows procoagulant, hemorrhagic, necrotic, and various enzymatic activities including those of proteases, phospholipases A2 and L-amino acid oxidases which have been partially purified. The monovalent Malayan pit viper antivenom and Hemato polyvalent antivenom (HPA) from Thailand effectively cross-neutralized the venom’s lethality in vitro (median effective dose, ED50 = 0.89 and 1.52 mg venom/mL antivenom, respectively) and in vivo in mice, besides the procoagulant, hemorrhagic and necrotic effects. HPA also prevented acute kidney injury in mice following experimental envenomation. Therefore, HPA may be beneficial in the treatment of H. hypnale envenomation. H. hypnale-specific antiserum and IgG, produced from immunization in rabbits, effectively neutralized the venom’s lethality and various toxicities, indicating the feasibility to produce an effective specific antivenom with a common immunization regime. On indirect ELISA, the IgG cross-reacted extensively with Asiatic crotalid venoms, particularly that of Calloselasma rhodostoma (73.6%), suggesting that the two phylogenically related snakes share similar venoms antigenic properties.