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Fort Massac State Park ht yR Kuenneke. R. by Photo fies quarters. Officers’ fieat office 68 524-4712. (618) or,cnattepark the contact hours, otMsa aiiisand facilities Massac Fort o nomto about information For h site. the a etknt protect to taken be can oriao t(1)7231 ota measures that so 782-3715 (217) at Coordinator eeitrutdb ol a I n ewas he and II, War World by interrupted were ueitneto h DRClua Resources Cultural IDNR the or superintendent mrcnfrs oee,Myadsefforts Maynard’s However, forts. American eore ssyut otc ihrtepark the either contact to you asks Resources anr’ emecvtdbt rnhand French both excavated team Maynard’s tasaepr,teDprmn fNatural of Department the park, a state at erpls lios62960 Illinois Metropolis, decvtosa otMsa n1939. in Massac Fort at excavations ed ins oen olcigatfcso site a on artifacts collecting someone witness 38Es t Street 5th East 1308 n eoil,ata facaooit start- archaeologists of team a Memorials, and oieilctdgiga nacaooia ieor site archaeological an at digging illicit notice otMsa tt Park State Massac Fort oe yteSaeo liosDvso fParks of Division Illinois of State the by sored otn fstsi eiu rbe.I you If problem. serious a is sites of looting ne h ieto fPu anr n spon- and Maynard Paul of direction the Under ulcln.Atog rhbtdb a,the law, by prohibited Although land. public naei ign noa rhelgclst on site archaeological an into digging in engage is tt ako liosi 1908. in Illinois of Park State first lea o noet ihrcletfo or from collect either to anyone for illegal fa 82Aeia Fort American 1802 an of 93 hsln a fiilyddctda the as dedicated officially was land This 1903. ihnte rmloigadvnaim tis It vandalism. and looting from them within ucae h 4arssronigtefr in fort the surrounding acres 24 the purchased rtcsteestsadteatfcscontained artifacts the and sites these protects efGie oro Replica a of Tour Self-Guided A h agtr fteAeia Revolution American the of Daughters The n aenooia eore rtcinAct Protection Resources Paleontological and a ie nln toese.TeArchaeological The oversees. it land on sites cal tt Park State o nencampment. an for wsadmngstosnso archaeologi- of thousands manages and owns h ii a,Uinslir sdtegrounds the used soldiers Union War, Civil the h liosDprmn fNtrlResources Natural of Department Illinois The onsaegdb etesi h ra During area. the in settlers by scavenged soon otMassac Fort a bnoe n11.Tme n rc were brick and Timber 1814. in abandoned was rtcigAcaooia Sites Archaeological Protecting att h iiayatrtewro 82and 1812 of war the after military the to tant f11.Hwvr h ups a esimpor- less was outpost the However, 1813. of h 82fr replica. fort 1802 the natyRgmn,wosae ni h spring the until stayed who Regiment, Infantry okn ihteSaedrn h lnigof planning the during State the with working stehaqatr o h Twenty-Fourth the for headquarters the as liosDprmn fNtrlResources Natural of Department Illinois oe emd eeue yarchaeologists by used were made he notes ukso 8111,Fr ascwsrepaired was Massac Fort 1811-1812, of quakes tt fIllinois of State ee bet eunt h ie h copious The site. the to return to able never arth- A tog aae uigteNwMdi e Madrid New the during damaged lthough Fort Massac State houses, two officers’ quarters, and a powder magazine. The replica of Park this 1802 fort, completed in October 2003, has most of these Historic Site buildings as well as the stockade wall and a dry moat with pickets. In 1757 the French built Fort de L'Ascension (Fort Ascension) on Recruiting soldiers from among the this low bluff top site in order to settlers appears to have been an protect their route to forts along ongoing activity for the militia at the upper Ohio River. This first Fort Massac. While the fort itself fort was described as “in ruins” never came under fire from by 1760, but was rebuilt that Europeans, the soldiers did engage spring by the French and in conflicts with nearby Indians renamed Fort Massiac in honor during its history. of Monsieur Massiac, French Minister of Colonial Affairs for Meriwether Lewis and William the New World. Under the treaty Clark stopped at the fort of 1763, the French surrendered November 11 through 13, 1803, Southwest blockhouse. Photo by R. Kuenneke the fort to the British. After with the intention of collecting being abandoned, it was burned non-commissioned officers and to the ground in 1765. The British did not itary emphasis away from Fort Massac. privates to accompany them on their west- rebuild the fort. In June 1778 the location was “Wilkinsonville” was, for a short time, a ward explorations. While at the fort, Lewis visited by George Rogers Clark, enroute to major encampment for militia. The troops hired local hunter/ scout/interpreter George capture the British garrisoned at Vincennes. from Massac were stationed at the canton- Pierre Drouillard, whose mother was a The Americans erected their first Fort Massac ment for several months during 1801 and Shawnee and father a French Canadian agent (the Anglicized spelling) on top of the French possibly in early 1802. However, the camp, for the British Indian Agency in Detroit. fort site in 1794. Fort Massac soon became a which had upwards of 800 military men in Drouillard’s expertise was so valued that major entry point on the Ohio River for set- May of 1801 and perhaps as many as 1,500 Lewis hired him away from Bissell at the tlers entering the Illinois country from the by midsummer, was almost immediately monthly rate accorded a second lieutenant, east and south. The stockade walls were beset with sickness. Fevers and dysentery, $25. He also promised Drouillard a warrant rebuilt by the Americans four or five times possibly due to malaria, forced the camp for land when they returned from the west. between 1794 and 1814. Each fort was built closure, and Cantonment Wilkinson was atop the ruins of the former fort, but each abandoned in 1802. The replicated fort looks much today as it was larger than its predecessor. would have at the time of Lewis and Clark’s The garrison returned to Fort Massac in 1802 visit. However, to protect archaeological The establishment in 1801 of Cantonment and, under the command of Captain Daniel remains in the ground, the entire site plan for Wilkinson, overlooking the Ohio River some Bissell, repaired the old fortification. They the replica was shifted just to the east of the 16 miles down river from Massac, shifted mil- added a new stockade, barracks, three block- footprint of all the original forts. ht yR Kuenneke. R. by Photo fies quarters. Officers’ fieat office 68 524-4712. (618) or,cnattepark the contact hours, otMsa aiiisand facilities Massac Fort o nomto about information For h site. the a etknt protect to taken be can oriao t(1)7231 ota measures that so 782-3715 (217) at Coordinator eeitrutdb ol a I n ewas he and II, War World by interrupted were ueitneto h DRClua Resources Cultural IDNR the or superintendent mrcnfrs oee,Myadsefforts Maynard’s However, forts. American eore ssyut otc ihrtepark the either contact to you asks Resources anr’ emecvtdbt rnhand French both excavated team Maynard’s tasaepr,teDprmn fNatural of Department the park, a state at erpls lios62960 Illinois Metropolis, decvtosa otMsa n1939. in Massac Fort at excavations ed ins oen olcigatfcso site a on artifacts collecting someone witness 38Es t Street 5th East 1308 n eoil,ata facaooit start- archaeologists of team a Memorials, and oieilctdgiga nacaooia ieor site archaeological an at digging illicit notice otMsa tt Park State Massac Fort oe yteSaeo liosDvso fParks of Division Illinois of State the by sored otn fstsi eiu rbe.I you If problem. serious a is sites of looting ne h ieto fPu anr n spon- and Maynard Paul of direction the Under ulcln.Atog rhbtdb a,the law, by prohibited Although land. public naei ign noa rhelgclst on site archaeological an into digging in engage is tt ako liosi 1908. in Illinois of Park State first lea o noet ihrcletfo or from collect either to anyone for illegal fa 82Aeia Fort American 1802 an of 93 hsln a fiilyddctda the as dedicated officially was land This 1903. ihnte rmloigadvnaim tis It vandalism. and looting from them within ucae h 4arssronigtefr in fort the surrounding acres 24 the purchased rtcsteestsadteatfcscontained artifacts the and sites these protects efGie oro Replica a of Tour Self-Guided A h agtr fteAeia Revolution American the of Daughters The n aenooia eore rtcinAct Protection Resources Paleontological and a ie nln toese.TeArchaeological The oversees. it land on sites cal tt Park State o nencampment. an for wsadmngstosnso archaeologi- of thousands manages and owns h ii a,Uinslir sdtegrounds the used soldiers Union War, Civil the h liosDprmn fNtrlResources Natural of Department Illinois The onsaegdb etesi h ra During area. the in settlers by scavenged soon otMassac Fort a bnoe n11.Tme n rc were brick and Timber 1814. in abandoned was rtcigAcaooia Sites Archaeological Protecting att h iiayatrtewro 82and 1812 of war the after military the to tant f11.Hwvr h ups a esimpor- less was outpost the However, 1813. of h 82fr replica. fort 1802 the natyRgmn,wosae ni h spring the until stayed who Regiment, Infantry okn ihteSaedrn h lnigof planning the during State the with working stehaqatr o h Twenty-Fourth the for headquarters the as liosDprmn fNtrlResources Natural of Department Illinois oe emd eeue yarchaeologists by used were made he notes ukso 8111,Fr ascwsrepaired was Massac Fort 1811-1812, of quakes tt fIllinois of State ee bet eunt h ie h copious The site.
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