Volume X, Number 1 Jun - Sep 2016 Southeast Asian Ceramics Museum Newsletter

InsideContents This Issue: European Ceramics in the Thai Market Newsletter Articles: • European ceramics in the Thai European ceramics are one of the Thailand were produced by J. & W. market ...... 1 export ceramics which have been Pratt (Staffordshire, England), J. & M. • Tibetan Sanskrit Lanca characters found in Thailand as ceramic finds P. Bell (Glasgow, Scotland), Cochran – Chinese porcelain...... 4 in archaeological surveys and exca- (Glasgow, Scotland), Sarreguemines • Ko Khram shipwreck: new findings vations. They are included in the (France) and Petrus Regout or Sphinx and research...... 7 ceramic collections in the muse- (Maastricht, The Netherlands) ce- Collection Review: ums and the royal properties of the ramic manufacturing factories. Sur- • Si Satchanalai two-color glazed Chakri Dynasty as preserved in the viving ancient houses or excavation water container ...... 9 royal palace or temple museums. areas assumed to be the houses of News in Brief: rich royalties, governors and the high • Tribute to Dr. Aung Bo (1953 - According to the archaeological sur- range of government officers in Yala 2016)...... 10 vey and excavation reports, Euro- and Pattani, southern Thailand, were • Museum forum 2016 ‘Museum pean ceramics have usually been the important regional government without Walls,’ Thailand...... 11 found as fragments and on some centers during the Early Rattanakosin • Grand opening of Underwater are still seen the trademarks with period around the 19th to 20th cen- Archaeology Division Annex and considerable information of manu- turies, and especially Bangkok in the Dive Training Pool, Thailand...... 12 facturing including lot number (regis- area located near the Grand Palace • Re-excavation at Sukhothai kilns tration date), year and country, and are only one type of archaeological in Sukhothai, Thailand...... 13 with even the name of the decora- context in which are usually found • Ancient camera collection of Surat tion pattern impressed or printed European ceramics from excavations Osathanugrah in the SEACM exhibition, Thailand...... 14 on the bottom. This information (Fig. 1). is for the time being the best indi- cation for the age of the ceramics The other archaeological context of Editor: • Pariwat Thammapreechakorn and archaeological sites in which European ceramic finds is from the they were found. Hence, the Euro- surveys. Fortunately, in this context Editorial Staff: pean plates and stem bowls usually the ceramics are still preserved in • Atthasit Sukkham found in archaeological sites around the original position as they were • Wanaporn Khumbutshya • Utaiwan Chatuporn • Burin Singtoaj • Walter Kassela • John Toomey

Reporters: • Atthasit Sukkham • Walter Kassela • Pornnatcha Sankhaprasit Fig. 1 Bell plate with blue transfer-printed ‘Burung Kupu’ pattern, 1887, excavation find from the house of Royal Consort Piam of King Mongkut near • Burin Singtoaj the Grand Palace and Tha Chang Pier, Bangkok. (Photo courtesy of the Crown Property Bureau)

..continue next page 1 European Ceramics in the Thai Market

used to decorate by sticking onto Thai-style stucco on the front and rear gable of great ordination halls Letter from the Editor or on the wall around stupas in the Buddhist temples. The temples The Southeast Asian Ceramics Muse- found with ceramics in this pattern um (SEACM) Newsletter steps into the are comprised of the Khao Yi San 10th year of publication. This trimes- Temple in Samut Songkhram (Fig.2), ter, many activities and progress in the Khao Kun Panom and Phu Khao Lak museums and archaeological research Temples in Nakhon Si Thammarat, are still on the move. First of all, Atth- Nai and Phrotaram Temples in Surat asit Sukkham reports the result of the Thani, and the Temple of Dawn (Wat intensive archaeological survey of the Arun) in Bangkok, which were all 19th to 20th century European ceram- restored with the great support by ics around Thailand as they appeared the kings or royalties in the reigns of only on the coastal provinces and Bang- King Phutthaloetla Naphalai (Rama II, kok. Walter Kassela writes about the 1809-1824), King Nangklao (Rama III, Chinese Ming and Qing porcelains with 1824-1851) or King Mongkut (Rama Tibetan Sanskrit Lanca characters that IV, 1851-1868) of the Chakri Dynas- were found in shipwrecks around the ty. Based on comparison with facto- South China Sea. Pornnatcha Sankhapr- ry catalog, Société Céramique and asit updates about the latest recovery Regout/Sphinx are two brands which of Bang Pun storage jars from the Ko can be identified for European ce- Khram shipwreck which sank in the Gulf ramics decorating all the temples Fig. 2 The front gable of the great ordination hall of Khao Yi San Temple, of Thailand along with some previous mentioned above (Fig. 2). However, Samut Songkhram, restored during 1851- results. In the “Collection Review,” Bu- other ceramics with painted land- 1910: a. Regout/Sphinx plate with blue rin Singtoaj describes the Si Satchanalai scape or transfer-printed geometric transfer-printed ‘Paddyhalm’ pattern, two-color glaze water container as it design in European-style with disap- 1883; b. Société Céramique with multi- colored hand-painted ‘A38’ pattern, was produced in the late phase of ce- pearance of trademark on the bot- 19th-20th century. (Atthasit Sukkham) ramic production at the Si Satchanalai tom are still in the progress of iden- kilns with very beautiful decoration of tification. Museum in Bangkok University have floral designs. Also, the ASEAN regional all reported about their collections museum forum in the concept of “Mu- The museums including national, of the plates, bowls and stem bowls seum without Walls” was held in Bang- provincial, private and temple mu- as they were produced by Regout/ kok, Thailand on August 2-3, 2016. The seums are other places where Euro- Sphinx, Société Céramique (Maas- renovation of the Underwater Archae- pean ceramics can be found in their tricht, The Netherlands), J. & M. P. ology Division’s building and re-excava- collections. Narathiwat Provincial Bell, Boch Frères Keramis (Louviere, tion of Sukhothai kilns have been com- Museum, Princess Galayani Vadha- Belgium), Wedgwood (England) and pleted under the control by the Fine na Institution of Cultural Studies at unsure brands from Staffordshire in Arts Department of Thailand. And, the Prince of Songkhla University in Pat- England. The water strainers of At- opening reception of the special exhibi- tani, Matchimawat National Museum kins Filter Engineering & Water Soft- tion entitled “Fascination of Film Cam- in Songkhla, Folklore Museum at the ening Co., Ltd. or Lipscombe & Co. era and Photography in Memorial of Institute for Southern Thai Studies in (Fig. 3) and even the sets of sanitary Surat Osathanugrah” at SEACM, Bang- Songkhla, Phra Mahathat Temple Mu- ware including pitchers, large basins kok University was held on September seum in Nakhon Si Thammarat, Phra and bowls, for instance, produced 3, 2016, and the exhibition will be open Thong Temple Museum in Phuket, in England are the other forms of to the public from now until November Chumphon National Museum and European ceramics appearing in the 19, 2016 with no admission fee. These Buppha Ram Temple Museum in Trat collections as well. According to the all are included in the “News in Brief.” and even Southeast Asian Ceramics curatorial comments, most of the 2 continue next page.. European Ceramics in the Thai Market

Fig. 3 Lipscombe water strainer with Fig. 4 Johnson Brothers pitcher with transfer-printed pink floral design, 19th applied floral design and impressed century, private property of HRH Damrong Rajanuphab during his ordination trademark, 19th century, museum at Niwet Thammaprawat Temple in 1882. (Photo courtesy of the Fine Arts collection of Niwet Thammaprawat Department of Thailand) Temple, Ayutthaya. (Photo courtesy of the Fine Arts Department of Thailand) 1882 (Fig. 4), as well as the sets of were wrecked. Some ceramic manu- European ceramics were the old Cantagali (Italy, 1898), F. & C. Osler facturing factories hired a profession- family legacy of people who lived in (England), Royal Worcester (England), al shipping company for distribution the neighborhood of the museums Sèvres (France), Kaendler (Dresden, of ceramics to Southeast Asia, espe- and were donated and became part Germany, 1731), Royal Copenhagen cially the shipping company named of the museum collection. Some of (Denmark), and Wedgwood (England) ‘Limmel’ in Maastricht which export- people still keep the ceramics at which are the souvenirs from the ed the Regout/Sphinx ceramics to their homes. several occasions of general visits Southeast Asia (Dijkman and Lind, given by European monarchs and personal communication, July 24, However, Vimanmek Mansion Muse- ceramic manufacturing factory repre- 2015). On the other hand, J. & M. P. um in Dusit Palace in Bangkok and sentatives and now permanently dis- Bell Co. shipped the ceramics from Chulalongkorn Museum in Niwet played at Vimanmek Mansion Museum. Glasgow to their own trade station Thammaprawat Temple as the royal named ‘Dunnidaw’ in Rangoon (now Buddhist temple beside Bang Pa-In Fortunately, the trademarks on the Yangon), Burma by their own fleet of Palace in Ayutthaya are two muse- European ceramics found in Thai- cargo ships and then the ceramics ums with documented European land which are mentioned above were distributed around Southeast ceramics, but others are still in the usually appear together with the Asia later (Kelly, 2006). progress of survey. Both museums manufacturing year or lot number were built or restored especially and most likely belong to the 19th In Thailand, King Mongkut and King in the reign of King Chulalongkorn till 20th centuries. The ceramic pro- Chulalongkorn established the pol- (Rama V, 1868-1910) of the Chakri duction technology and decoration icies of modernity and international Dynasty. The major brands of Euro- technique in this period rapidly de- relations as they ordered people to pean ceramics in both museums are veloped during the Age of Industrial change and become modernized. comprised of Johnson Brothers (En- Revolution in Europe. The devel- Even the kings and royalties changed gland) as a private property of HRH opment also affected the shipping their cultures to use European prod- Damrong Rajanuphab (1862-1943), of European ceramics between the ucts or ceramics. However, these poli- son of King Chulalongkorn and royal factories and Southeast Asian market cies seemed to be the way to protect consort Chum, during his ordination with ocean-going and safe-shipping Thailand from European colonialism. at Niwet Thammaprawat Temple in as it was very rare that cargo ships Atthasit Sukkham [email protected] 3 Tibetan Sanskrit Lanca Characters – Chinese Porcelain

Sanskrit, a liturgical language used in maintained a close relationship with tiers of a stylized version of the same Buddhism and Hinduism, appears on Tibet mainly for military and politi- character decorating the cavetto, a limited number of Chinese porce- cal reasons. The early Ming emper- which were recovered from the De- lains produced over four centuries ors, especially Yongle and Xuande, saru shipwreck, also found in Malay- during the Ming and Qing dynasties. continued the close relationship, sia and dated to 1830 of Daoguang Sanskrit Lanca script is used in Ti- and the practice of using Tibetan period (1821 to 1850). bet and Nepal for Buddhist prayers Sanskrit Lanca script as a decoration and religious texts, and most of the on porcelains started in the Yongle Representative examples of porce- character groups found on ceramics period. Emperor Yongle (1402 to lains with Tibetan Sanskrit Lanca represent mantras or invocations tak- 1424) and subsequent emperors up script, dated mid-15th century to en from one of the sutra texts. This until the emperor Hongzhi (1488 to 1830, and from the Collection of this type of mantra or prayer-poem was 1505) were Buddhist and symbols of writer are the following (11): chanted repeatedly as the sound vi- Buddhism, including Tibetan Sanskrit bration was believed to have calm- Lanca script, were popular during M-177 - lianci (lotus pod) shaped blue ing and transformational powers. their reigns. Use of the script became and white bowl, the sides decorated Single Lanca characters also appear widely popular during the reign of with serrated edge upright plantain on porcelains and typically represent the Chenghua emperor (1465 to leaves and a Tibetan Sanskrit Lanca one of the Buddhas or bodhisattvas. 1487) as evidenced by the consider- character inscribed between two of able quantities of imperial porcelain the leaves (a feature believed to be Porcelains featuring the stylized writ- with Buddhist mantras and Tibetan unique in this series of bowls). D: 14.1 ing system of Tibetan Sanskrit Lanca script produced during his reign. cm. Ming: 16th century. Acquired in script were intended either for re- Taipei (May 1993). ligious rituals at the Ming and Qing The Jiajing emperor (1522 to 1566), courts or as a gift to a Tibetan Lama, who was a devout follower of Tao- M-232 - hole-bottom saucer dish, Mongolian emir, or other personage ism and attempted to suppress Bud- the center decorated with four large of high status. Both the shape (pre- dhism, ceased relations with Tibet, Tibetan Sanskrit Lanca characters dominately stem cup or stem bowl, but they were restored in the early encircled by a double ring of 12 and butter-lamp form cups, small wine or Qing dynasty. The Kangxi emperor 18 repetitive Lanca characters of sim- lustral cup, dish, monk’s cap ewer) (1662 to 1722) was a devout fol- plified version for om (sacred sylla- and any accompanying Buddhist lower of Tibetan Buddhism and the ble). The underside is decorated with decorative motifs (including the eight succeeding emperors, Yongzheng another double ring of the same Lan- Buddhist auspicious objects – wheel and Qianlong, continued this tradi- ca characters as the interior, but con- of the law, conch shell, parasol/um- tion. Tibet was gradually conquered sisting of an equal number of charac- brella, canopy/victory banner, lotus, by the military power of the Qing ters (29) in each ring. D: 9.6 cm. Ming: jar, fish and endless knot; as well as government, but Qing emperors re- mid to late 15th century. Acquired in vajra motifs - thunderbolt like object mained upholders of Tibetan Bud- Singapore (November 1993). and emblem of the indestructible dhism. Documented examples of nature and divine force of Buddha’s the continued later use of Tibetan M-242 - blue and white lianci (lo- doctrine) were indicative of special Sanskrit Lanca script include plates tus pod) shaped bowl, the central use in religious ritual or as a gift for with four tiers of stylized Sanskrit medallion decorated with six radi- a Tibetan or Mongolian aristocrat. It om (sacred symbol) characters on ating lotus panels enclosing distinct has also been suggested that when the cavetto, which were recovered Tibetan Sanskrit Lanca characters, a Chinese prince or princess married from the Diana Cargo shipwreck in and the cavetto also decorated with a person of Tibetan nobility, these Malaysia dated to 1817 of Jiaqing the same six Lanca characters rest- pieces were used at the wedding period (1796 to 1820); and plates ing atop lotus blossoms. D: 14.6 cm. ceremony. decorated in the central medallion Ming: late 15th century - Hongzhi pe- with a large Sanskrit character for om riod (1488 to 1505). From the Lena Yuan dynasty (1271 to 1368) rulers (sacred syllable), along with three Shoal (Busuanga) shipwreck in north 4 continue next page.. Tibetan Sanskrit Lanca Characters – Chinese Porcelain

Palawan, Philippines, and acquired in (1465 to 1487). From the Tet ship- sion of the same Lanca character dec- Manila (April 1997). wreck - discovered in Vietnam some- orate the cavetto. D: 18.9 cm. Qing: where between Phu Quoc Island and Daoguang period (1821 to 1850) - circa M-245 - hole-bottom saucer dish, mainland Cambodia just before Tet 1830. From the Desaru shipwreck in the center with two Tibetan Sanskrit in 2009 (lunar New Year - late Jan- Malaysia, and acquired from a dealer Lanca characters encircled by ten uary 2009), and acquired in Saigon in America (January 2011). repetitive smaller Lanca characters (November 2010). of simplified version for om (sacred Images of the Tibetan Sanskrit Lan- syllable). Decorated on the under- C-042 - blue and white plate (forms a ca script referenced for the above side with a double ring of the same pair with C-145) decorated in the cen- eleven porcelains are included in Lanca om characters - 26 characters tral medallion with the Tibetan San- the photo which follows below cap- in the upper band and 23 characters skrit Lanca character for om (sacred tioned “Tibetan Sanskrit Lanca Script in the lower band. D: 10.1 cm. Ming: syllable) encircled by a double line (C-042 to M-418) – 1” (Fig. 1) and a early 16th century. From the Philip- border. Three tiers of a stylized ver- full view of the porcelains is included pines excavations, and acquired in sion of the same Lanca character dec- in photo No. 2 (Fig. 2). Manila (April 1997). orate the cavetto. D: 18.8 cm. Qing: Daoguang period (1821 to 1850) - circa In addition to the five wrecks indi- M-373 - small bowl decorated on 1830. From the Desaru shipwreck in cated above (Lena Shoal, Jolo, Tet, the sides in underglaze blue with Malaysia, and acquired directly from Desaru and Diana) other shipwrecks three tiers of repetitive Tibetan San- the shipwreck excavator Sten Sjos- from which wares with Tibetan San- skrit Lanca characters of simplified trand of Nanhai Marine Archaeology, skrit Lanca script have been recov- version for om (sacred syllable). Malaysia (December 2007). ered include the following (date and D: 9.5 cm. Ming: late 15th to early location of sinking, and type of wares 16th century. From the Jolo (Gujan- C-088 - blue and white plate (forms are indicated): gan) shipwreck, Jolo, Sulu marine ex- a pair with C-092) decorated on the cavations, Philippines; and acquired cavetto with four tiers of stylized Pandanan Wreck (mid-15th century, in Manila (November 2008). Tibetan Sanskrit Lanca om (sacred Philippines) – bowls, symbol) characters. D: 27.5 cm. Qing: Santa Cruz Shipwreck (circa 1490, M-414 - blue and white bowl, central 1817 of Jiaqing period (1796 to 1820). Philippines) – cups and bowls, medallion is decorated with a Tibetan From the Diana Cargo shipwreck in Brunei Shipwreck (late 15th century, Sanskrit Lanca character surrounded Malaysia, and acquired from a dealer Brunei) – cups, bowls, dishes; by a double line border. D: 9.3 cm. in London (November 2008). Ko Samui Shipwreck (1506 to 1521, Ming: second half of 15th centu- Gulf of Thailand) – bowls, ry - Tianshun period (1457 to 1464) C-092 - blue and white plate (forms Witte Leeuw (1613, off St. Helena Is- to Chenghua period (1465 to 1487). a pair with C-088) decorated on the land) – dishes and bowls, From the Tet shipwreck - discovered cavetto with four tiers of stylized Wanli Wreck (circa 1625, Malaysia) – in Vietnam somewhere between Phu Tibetan Sanskrit Lanca om (sacred bowls, Quoc Island and mainland Cambodia symbol) characters. D: 27.6 cm. Qing: Tek Sing Shipwreck (1822, Indone- just before Tet in 2009 (lunar New Year 1817 of Jiaqing period (1796 to 1820). sia) – small cups, - late January 2009), and acquired in From the Diana Cargo shipwreck in Reef Wreck (early 19th century, un- Saigon (June 2010). Malaysia, and acquired from a dealer known location) – cups. in London (January 2009). M-418 - blue and white bowl, cen- A representative sampling of rel- tral medallion is decorated with a C-145 - blue and white plate (forms a evant recoveries from these eight Tibetan Sanskrit Lanca character pair with C-042) decorated in the cen- shipwrecks is included in the photo surrounded by a double line bor- tral medallion with the Tibetan San- which follows further below cap- der. D: 9.2 cm. Ming: second half skrit Lanca character for om (sacred tioned “Shipwrecks - Tibetan Sanskrit of 15th century - Tianshun period syllable) encircled by a double line Lanca Script” (Fig. 3) Chinese por- (1457 to 1464) to Chenghua period border. Three tiers of a stylized ver- celains with Tibetan Sanskrit Lanca ..continue next page 5 Tibetan Sanskrit Lanca Characters – Chinese Porcelain

script were widely distributed and found throughout Southeast Asia as is clearly illustrated in these ship- wreck findings in the Philippines, Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam.

Fig. 1 The three tiers of repetitive Tibetan Sanskrit Lanca characters of simplified version for om (sacred syllable) in the small bowl above (left) can be read like a prayer wheel; as the bowl is rotated, the prayer is released.

Fig. 2 Full view of the porcelains with Tibetan Sanskrit Lanca script

Fig. 3 Porcelains with Tibetan Sanskrit Lanca script recovered from other shipwrecks

Walter Kassela [email protected]

© W. Kassela 2016 - all rights reserved, unauthorized reproduction of any form prohibited.

6 Ko Khram Shipwreck : New Findings and Research

In 1974, the Ko Khram shipwreck was ration technique appearing in the originally discovered by fishermen. production. Stamped decoration in- The shipwreck was systematically cluded the episode of the ploughing studied in a joint operation between ceremony by cattle or elephant, with the Underwater Archaeology Division a goddess riding a horse and Bodhi and Royal Thai Navy up until last leaves on the shoulder. Based on the year, 2015. Its remains were originally results of C-14 dating at the kiln site, identified to be that of a Chinese junk the early phase of production had 32 meters long, 8 meters wide and di- started around 1100+/-60 A.D., 1200- vided into 13 compartments. On the 1300 A.D. and 1170-1300 A.D. (Sayan other hand, Micheal Flecker (2015: Praicharnjit, 1998). However, the Bang 39) believed this shipwreck should Pun wares were produced for domes- be of the South China Sea (Thai) tic and international markets as they shipbuilding tradition. The shipwreck usually are found on land around cen- sunk at a depth of 40 meters and is Fig. 1 Compartment of ceramic cargo tral Thailand and in shipwreck sites located near the Khram Island, Sat- on the Ko Khram shipwreck with their characteristics the same for tahip district in Chonburi, 24.8 nauti- both markets. Bang Pun wares found cal miles off the shoreline. However, in the shipwrecks are large storage because of its depth, this shipwreck jars, baluster-shaped jars and basins is well-preserved and considered to be in the most complete condition of any shipwreck in the Gulf of Thai- land. There is still a lot of historical evidence still in its original position as well as many research questions which are still in progress. The Ko Khram shipwreck cargo is comprised of around 4,654 ceramics which are mostly Thai celadon wares Fig. 2 Bang Pun jar recovered from the Ko Khram shipwreck in 2015 from the Si Satchalai kilns and under- glaze black wares from the Sukhothai the shoulder, which is characterized with specific characteristics consisting and Si Satchanalai kilns. A few storage to be a Bang Pun or Suphanburi un- of four tiny ring handles and bands jars from the Bang Rachan (Singburi) glazed jar produced during the 13th of stamped Bodhi leaves on the kilns, Chinese ceramics and Vietnam- to 15th centuries (Fig. 2). However, shoulder that supports some jars. ese ceramics are also included. More- this scientific date supports the dat- Also, special characteristics of design over, ivories, tin ingots and a gold ing of the Ko Khram shipwreck from were produced for some special oc- pendant with ruby are also a part of Roxanna Brown’s books published in casion, especially the episodes of the the cargo (Fig. 1). 2009, but the range of the Bang Pun ploughing ceremony and a goddess ceramic export period should be ex- riding a horse which have not been From the latest excavation in 2015, tended to the mid-15th century. found in any shipwrecks. the results of Accelerated Mass Spec- trometry (AMS) radiocarbon dating According to the final report of ex- In addition, other shipwrecks with sampling from bamboo partitions has cavation at the kiln site by the Fine documented discovery of Bang given the date of sinking around 1415- Arts Department of Thailand, the Pun jars in the Gulf of Thailand are 1450. The cargo was first found a me- pots, jars and basins are only a few comprised of the Rang Kwien and dium-sized stoneware jar with bands forms which were produced, as well Si Chang II shipwrecks. Bang Pun of stamped Bodhi leaves design on as stamping being the only deco- jars were also found in the Turiang, ..continue next page 7 Ko Khram Shipwreck: New Findings and Research

Longquan, Nanyang and Royal Nanhai contain fresh water or another kind ments found in a crypt of Ratchabu- shipwrecks located in the east coast of liquid. The jars were also possi- rana Temple in Ayutthaya. In gener- of the Malay Peninsula, the Maranei bly part of the cargo, but they were al, the gold ornaments are rare items shipwreck located near the Bakau Is- not as popular as products from the found in shipwreck sites and this land in Indonesia and Phu Quoc ship- Sukhothai and Si Satchanalai kilns confirms the value and significance wreck located in the south of Viet- according to the quantity that was of the gold ornaments from the Ko nam. Apart from the shipwrecks, Bang discovered on site. Khram. A comparison between ship- Pun jars were also found overseas on wreck and port ceramics, and even land sites such as Ryukyu, Japan and Based on all assemblages recovered the ceramics found at the produc- Kotabatu, Brunei (Figs. 3-10). from the site, the Ko Khram ship- tion sites, suggests this ship depart- wreck is possibly a royal ship as on ed from Siam and sailed for some Bang Pun jars found in the Ko Kh- board it was found a gold pendant destinations in either the northeast ram shipwreck were possibly used to with ruby similar to the gold orna- to China, Japan and the Philippines or south to Malaysia and Indonesia as at these ports there have usually been found the same type of ceram- ics as those from this shipwreck.

Fig. 3 Map of shipwrecks with Fig. 4 Bang Pun jar recovered from Fig. 5 Large Bang Pun jar recovered documented discovery of Bang Pun jars Rang Kwien shipwreck from Si Chang II shipwreck

Fig. 6 Bang Pun jar recovered Fig. 7 Bang Pun jar recovered Fig. 8 Bang Pun jars recovered from Maranei from Turiang shipwreck from Longquan shipwreck shipwreck (Brown, 2009) (Brown, 2009) (Brown & Sjostrand, 2000)

Pornnatcha Sankhaprasit [email protected]

Fig. 10 Bang Pun jar found at Kotabatu, Brunei (photo courtesy of Hanapi Haji Maidin)

Fig. 9 Bang Pun jar recovered from Phu Quoc shipwreck (Flecker, 2001)

8

Collection Review

Si Satchanalai Two-color Glazed Water Si Satchanalai water container has a Container tall neck with “W” shaped cut-out allows user to be able to see the Si Satchanalai (Pa Yang) kilns, Sukhothai other side that is uncut for pouring 16th century liquid from the upper holes. The big- Diameter 14.5 cm. ger hole is for pouring the water out, Height 17.7 cm. and the smaller hole is for the flow of air during the pouring. Other small Southeast Asian Ceramics Museum holes on both sides of the neck are Bangkok University used to hang the container with a string for comfortable carrying. The water container has a tall and glob- Satchanalai and Ayutthaya. ular body decorated with an incised bird inside a curvilinear rhombic or However, this form of water con- breastplate panel and surrounded tainer was also used by some pres- by a classic scroll design and a low ent-day ethnic groups in Chiang Rai, foot rim. The delicate classic scroll northern Thailand, but it was made design and two-color glazing tech- of bamboo with a cut-out at the nique may have been influenced by rim in a similar pattern, a big hole Vietnamese-style decoration. to pour the liquid out and cylinder shaped body, suggestive of some in- Most of the brown and white glazed spiration between the two types of wares are believed to have been containers. used by the royal court as many sherds of this type were found in archaeological excavations at im- Burin Singtoaj portant cities, such as Sukhothai, Si [email protected]

9 News in Brief

Tribute to Dr. Aung Bo (1953 - 2016)

Fig. 1 Dr. Aung Bo (right) and Dr. Myo Thant Tyn (left), 2004

On March 24, 2016, ceramic-lovers in Myanmar and Southeast Asia lost a wonderful man whose interest and pro- motion of traditional Myanmar ceramics will always be remembered. He was instrumental in founding the Myanmar Ceramic Society with his close friend and President of the Society, Dr. Myo Thant Tyn. Dr. Aung Bo regularly contrib- uted scholarly papers at conference on Myanmar ceramics and performed many extensive field surveys. Dr. Aung Bo suffered a heart attack in 2015 and later, after surgery in Mandalay, passed away in 2016. Dr. Aung Bo received his advanced medical degree at Mandalay University. He inherited from his father a traditional kiln in the village of Kyaukmyaung in Upper Myanmar, on the Irrawaddy River. His surviving children, notably his son, Dr. Thet Zaw, will be operating the kiln. Those who knew Dr. Aung Bo will always miss his cheerful words, the sparkle in his eye and his commitment to understanding Myanmar’s ancient ceramic traditions.

Don Stadtner, Walnut Creek, California, USA September 28, 2016

10 continue next page.. News in Brief

Museum Forum 2016 ‘Museum without Walls,’ Thailand

Fig. 1 All representatives of supporters and speakers on the stage during the opening ceremony

The ASEAN Community is a current themselves. To meet such objec- pore’s Little Treasure Project” by As- challenge to Thailand. It also pro- tives, NDMI invited keynote speakers mah Alias, “Community Involvement vides a better opportunity for people from Singapore, the Philippines, Laos in Making Museum Exhibitions: A to learn and connect to one anoth- PDR, Vietnam, and Indonesia to pres- Case Study of Thanh Toan Museum” er under the framework of the ASE- ent and exchange experiences with by Nguyen Duc Tang, and “70 Years AN Social and Cultural Community museums in Thailand on the theme after Malraux’s Museums Without (ASCC). The National Discovery Mu- of “Museum without Walls,” held on Walls: Its Inspiration and Resonance seum Institute (NDMI) in cooperation August 2-3, 2016 at BACC, Bangkok. to Museum Practice in The Philip- with Thailand Research Fund (TRF), pines” by Dr. Ana Maria Theresa P. SEAMEO SPAFA Regional Centre for The forum contains seven presenta- Labrador. Archaeology and Fine Arts, Bangkok tion papers comprised of “Cultural Art and Culture Centre (BACC), Facul- Heritage at Your Fingerprints in the This forum is an important step in ty of Sociology and Anthropology of Mobile-first World” by Ksenia Dux- the movement for museum devel- Thammasat University and the Doc- field-Karyakina, “Using Intangible Cul- opment in the ASEAN Community. umentary Club hold firmly to the tural Heritage to Move Beyond the belief that in order to break through Museum” by Tara Gujadhur, “Mu- National Discovery Museum the taken-for-granted “wall” muse- seum Program for The Alzheimer’s: Institute ums in Thailand it is necessary to Pilot Project in National Museum August 2, 2016 adopt better learning experiences, of Indonesia” by Andriyati Rahayu, practices, policies, and visions from “Potential Contribution of Museums museums in neighbouring countries. without Walls in Implementing the In this manner, museums in Thailand UNESCO Recommendations on Mu- can both learn and reflect upon seums” by Duong Bich Hanh, “Singa-

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Grand Opening of Underwater Archaeology Division Annex and Dive Training Pool, Thailand

On August 19, 2016, the Fine Arts December 25, 2010) who was a Thai 12 meters. The purpose of this pool Department of Thailand formally underwater archaeologist who died aims to provide an improved experi- opened the Underwater Archaeol- in the line of duty during the exca- ence in various types of dives, pro- ogy Division (UAD) Annex and Dive vation of the Kut shipwreck in 2010.It vide several skills in underwater ar- Training Pool named “Dejpiroon” was marked as the first training pool chaeological work, and promote safe after three years of renovation of specifically for practical sessions in diving rules during work. However, the building were accomplished. underwater archaeological training all these facilities, which come to- The new renovated annex located ever built in Southeast Asia and even gether with a research vessel named in the same area with the National in the world, with a maximum depth “Waewmayura” that was lunched Maritime Museum in Chanthaburi of 12 meters. An underwater window a few years earlier, make the UAD provides a larger space of offices, allows outside trainers or visitors ready to conduct more research in dive equipment storage room, class- to look into the pool at a 5 meter the Gulf of Thailand. room, artifact conservation pool and depth. There are two large flat-bot- dive training pool. The dive training tomed areas reaching depth levels of A new episode of underwater ar- pool was built in memory of Mr. De- 1.5 meters and 2 meters, and a large chaeological research with more jpiroon Sirabudtra (March 21, 1978 – circular pit plunging to a distance of safety has begun.

Fig. 1 VIP guests were warmly welcomed by Mr. Anan Fig. 2 The demonstration of underwater archaeological Shooshod, Director General of the Fine Arts Department work in the Dejpiroon Dive Training Pool during the of Thailand (left) and Mr. Erbprem Wacharangkul, opening ceremony (photo courtesy of Praon Silapanth) director of the Underwater Archaeology Division (third from left) during the opening ceremony

Fig. 3 Sketch plan of completed Underwater Archaeology Division Annex and Dejpiroon Dive Training Pool

Underwater Archaeology Division, Fine Arts Department of Thailand August 19, 2016

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Re-excavation at Sukhothai Kilns in Sukhothai, Thailand

Fig. 1 Mr. Thongchai Sakho, chief archaeologist of the 6th Regional Office of the Fine Arts Department conducted a guided tour during the press conference at the ruins of the building

The Fine Arts Department (FAD) in- pecially during the 15th to 16th cen- samples, provided for AMS dating corporated with the 6th Regional turies. However, this excavation is a the final result of which is still in Office of the Fine Arts Department big step in the movement to improve progress. This re-excavation involves and Sukhothai Historical Park have knowledge of ceramic production the five-year plan of FAD to devel- conducted the latest excavation at technology at the kiln site. op this kiln site to be the center of the Sukhothai kiln site located in the Sukhothai ceramic production tech- north of Phra Phai Luang Temple and The results from three excavation ar- nology. Sukhothai city starting in April, 2016 eas centered on three kilns out of a and with the excavation just finished total of around 50 kilns gives an inter- for this season. In general, the first esting understanding on the land use Public Relations Group, Office of the Fine Arts excavation was completed 30 years around the kilns. The archaeologists Department via TBC News ago, with no other archaeological found ruins of a building made of August 21, 2016 research on the kiln sites conduct- brick in a square plan with 5.5 me- ed until this year. From the point of ter width and 6.6 meter length, asso- view of art historians and archaeolo- ciated with many roof tiles located gists, Sukhothai ceramics are marked near the excavated kiln no. 3, which as one of the important products was suggestive of a small building or for the domestic market and export temple. Other important evidence is as they were carried by the ships to the stratigraphy with a large number exchange around Southeast Asia es- of ceramic wasters, as well as some

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Ancient Camera Collection of Surat Osathanugrah in the SEACM Exhibition, Thailand

Not only is the ancient ceramic col- lection preserved in the Southeast Asian Ceramics Museum (SEACM), Bangkok University, the ancient cam- era collection is also included and only a few people knew this. Mr. Surat Osathanugrah (1930-2008) was the founder of Bangkok University and his three favorite hobbies were comprised of ancient ceramic col- lection, photography and ancient camera collection, which all were the great contributions for academ- ic communication until today. Over 1,000 ancient cameras in his private collection have been transferred to be preserved at the SEACM together with his ceramic collection, but the Fig. 1 Mr. Woranan Chatchawanthiphakon, the 2009 Thai national artist in photograph collection is still copy- visual art (photography) (middle) and representatives of Bangkok University righted by his family. As part of the on the stage during the opening ceremony missions of the SEACM, especially in cultural heritage preservation and in- stillation of an appreciation for cul- tural heritage, Surat Osathanugrah’s ancient camera collection is reveal- ing to the public. The collection serves the purposes of promotion and preservation of the ancient film cameras, as they are not popular anymore, but they still have history and value and serve as a memorial of Surat Osathanugrah. This concept was developed to be the special exhibition at the SEACM entitled “Fascination of Film Camera and Photography in Memorial of Surat Osathanugrah,” which is displayed during September 5 to November Fig. 2 All audience members during the guided tour by Mr. Karoon Jaichen, 19, 2016 with no admission fee. For photographer of the SEACM your plans to visit, please refer to http://museum.bu.ac.th. Southeast Asian Ceramics Museum, Bangkok University September 3, 2016

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