A Musical-Historical Study of Italian Influences in Three Regina Caeli of the French Baroque Period
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University of Kentucky UKnowledge Theses and Dissertations--Music Music 2019 A MUSICAL-HISTORICAL STUDY OF ITALIAN INFLUENCES IN THREE REGINA CAELI OF THE FRENCH BAROQUE PERIOD Marie-France Duclos University of Kentucky, [email protected] Author ORCID Identifier: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6827-0870 Digital Object Identifier: https://doi.org/10.13023/etd.2019.223 Right click to open a feedback form in a new tab to let us know how this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Duclos, Marie-France, "A MUSICAL-HISTORICAL STUDY OF ITALIAN INFLUENCES IN THREE REGINA CAELI OF THE FRENCH BAROQUE PERIOD" (2019). Theses and Dissertations--Music. 141. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/music_etds/141 This Doctoral Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Music at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations--Music by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STUDENT AGREEMENT: I represent that my thesis or dissertation and abstract are my original work. Proper attribution has been given to all outside sources. I understand that I am solely responsible for obtaining any needed copyright permissions. I have obtained needed written permission statement(s) from the owner(s) of each third-party copyrighted matter to be included in my work, allowing electronic distribution (if such use is not permitted by the fair use doctrine) which will be submitted to UKnowledge as Additional File. I hereby grant to The University of Kentucky and its agents the irrevocable, non-exclusive, and royalty-free license to archive and make accessible my work in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I agree that the document mentioned above may be made available immediately for worldwide access unless an embargo applies. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of my work. 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Marie-France Duclos, Student Dr. Noemi Lugo, Major Professor Dr. Michael Baker, Director of Graduate Studies A MUSICAL-HISTORICAL STUDY OF ITALIAN INFLUENCES IN THREE REGINA CAELI OF THE FRENCH BAROQUE PERIOD ________________________________________ DMA PROJECT ________________________________________ A DMA project submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Musical Arts in the College of Fine Arts at the University of Kentucky By Marie-France Duclos Lexington, Kentucky Director: Dr. Noemi Lugo, Professor of Voice Lexington, Kentucky 2019 Copyright © Marie-France Duclos 2019 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6827-0870 ABSTRACT OF DMA PROJECT A MUSICAL-HISTORICAL STUDY OF ITALIAN INFLUENCES IN THREE REGINA CAELI OF THE FRENCH BAROQUE PERIOD. The French baroque petit motet was the most prolific genre of seventeenth-century France. In this study, three petits motets, specifically Regina caeli settings of French composers Marc-Antoine Charpentier, Nicolas Bernier and François Couperin are examined with an emphasis on the motets’ historical context in relation to the French monarchy and the Italian concepts that the composers incorporated into each work. All three Regina caeli settings display some Italian compositional techniques of the stile moderno in various degrees and were written in different contextual ecclesiastic milieux. The intersections of, as well as distinctions between, musical ideas of traditional French style and Italian innovations was at the center of music and musical discourse during the baroque period. The French were introduced to Italian style by travelling musicians at the court of France; however, when Louis XIV gave Jean-Baptiste Lully the important position of surintendant de la musique, the idea of an authentic unaltered French sound became prevalent among musicians and critics. Lully, strongest defender of “pure” French style, created a strict environment for musicians at court, and only after his death, did composers gain in freedom. The study suggests that a closer association to Louis XIV permitted musicians to integrate more of the Italian stile moderno techniques than those who did not have this opportunity. Crucial figures of the French monarchy, Louis XIV, Philippe II d’Orléans and the duc de Bourgogne were connected to the three composers central to this project and impacted the outcome of their work. With the musical-historical study of three Regina caeli settings, this project demonstrates the importance of the petit motet genre within the repertoire and the need for additional research to increase the accessibility of this inestimable music KEYWORDS: Regina caeli, Motet, Baroque, Stile moderno, Continuo, French monarchy Marie-France Duclos (Name of Student) 03/02/2019 Date A MUSICAL-HISTORICAL STUDY OF ITALIAN INFLUENCES IN THREE REGINA CAELI OF THE FRENCH BAROQUE PERIOD By Marie-France Duclos Dr. Noemi Lugo Director of DMA PROJECT Dr. Michael Baker Director of Graduate Studies 03/02/2019 Date Pour Alexandre, Tristan, Charles, William, papa et maman. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS In order complete my doctorate, several people have helped me to achieve my goals. First, my Dissertation Chair, Dr. Noemi Lugo, for always respecting my artistic integrity and allowing me to further my ideas while guiding me through the process and allowing me to complete this project on schedule. Next, I would like to thank the complete Dissertation Committee and outside examiner. Dr. Elizabeth Arnold, for her encouragements, her helpful advice, her knowledge on Baroque music and particularly for singing so beautifully the Regina caeli settings in my lecture recital. Dr. Diana Hallman, for inspiring me to widen my thinking of research and helping me further my understanding of important historical considerations which have improved my project considerably. Dr. Suzanne Pucci, for helping me clarify some ideas with better choices of words as well as helping me precise some aspects of my project. Dr. Olivier Thibault, for his love of music, his support and his insightful comments. In addition to the Committee members, I would like to acknowledge the meaningful collaborations that I had with the School of Music’s talented pianists and organists. Professor Cliff Jackson, for his outstanding talents, his knowledge of the repertoire and all the wonderful rehearsals leading to recitals. Professor Nan McSwain, for such beautiful playing and her constant support in our Chamber Music recital. Dr. Schuyler Robinson, for accompanying Dr. Arnold and I in my lecture recital, for his uplifting attitude, his knowledge of Baroque music and for the joy of performing together. Michael Rintimaa, for his kindness and his beautiful rendition of the Liebeslieder Walzes duet in our Chamber Music recital. John Greer, for encouraging me to pursue a doctoral degree. iii The School of Music voice faculty has shown me great support in completing my doctorate. First, Professor Cynthia Lawrence, for helping me at the beginning of this process and for her great teaching of operatic repertoire. Also Dr. Angelic Clay, Dr. Everett McCorvey and Dr. Denis Bender, for their positive and sincere encouragements. Several professors of the School of Music have contributed to my accomplishments in a positive way. Dr. Karen Bottge, Dr. Kevin Holm-Hudson, Dr. Michael Baker, Dr. Lance Brunner, Dr. Beth Glixon, Dr. Ben Arnold, Dr. ToniMarie Marchioni, Professor John Nardolillo and Dr. Jeff Johnson. In addition to academic assistance, I have had the privilege of receiving tremendous support from colleges and friends, especially Dr. Cacey Nardolillo, Dr. Jill Campbell and Dr. Zack Morris. Finally, I would not have been able to complete this project without my family, for they have been a continuous and outstanding source or encouragements. My husband, for being my strongest ally, for his strength and constant support on the hardest days. My children, for their incredible understanding, for being such smart, sensitive and independent children that allowed me to work so many hours. My parents, for their unconditional love and support, for always believing in my talents and allowing me to pursue my dreams without judgment: papa, for teaching me perseverance and the value of hard work, maman, for somehow believing that I was the best singer in the world. My sister, for continuous encouragements. My grand-mother Évangéline, who inspired me to sing and finally, to my dear uncle Baba, whose unconditional love I have felt all my life. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .............................................................................................................................. iii LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................................................................... vii PART I: MONOGRAPH ................................................................................................................................. 1 CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................