Pest Profile

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Pest Profile Photo credit: By Jim Kalisch, University of Nebraska-Lincoln Common Name: Cigarette Beetle Scientific Name: Lasioderma serricorne (Fabricius) Order and Family: Coleoptera: Anobiidae Size and Appearance: Adults are fairly small in size, at about 2- 3 mm in length. Cigarette beetles are identified by their oval shape, reddish-brown coloration, and pronotum shielding their head from view. Their antennae are saw-like rather than clubbed and they lack pits on their thorax, which are characteristics used to distinguish them from the Drugstore beetle. Larvae are C-shaped, 2-3 mm long, white with darkened head region, and include fully formed legs. Length (mm) Appearance Egg 0.1 mm in length Oval, white, and dull in appearance. Deposited in groups of 30 on or around food material. Larva/Nymph 2-3 mm in length depending on C-shaped, white, well developed instar legs. 4-6 instars. Adult 2-3 mm long Red/Brown in color, oval-shaped, saw-like antennae, smooth thorax. Pupa (if applicable) 3 mm long Silken with food materials strewn in. Also deposited within food larvae have fed on. Type of feeder (Chewing, sucking, etc.): Chewing Host food product/s: Lasioderma serricorne feeds on any household stored food or spice item. It seems to have a strong preference towards spices such as paprika, ginger, pepper, and herbs. Additionally, it is often found on cocoa beans, coffee, cottonseed, dates, dried fruits and vegetables, nuts, and museum specimens. Description of Damage (larvae and adults): Cigarette beetle larval feeding results in damage to many stored food products worldwide. Traces of beetles, pupae, cocoons, frass, and insect parts makes items unsellable. References: Smith, E.H. and Whitman, R.C. (2007). Stored Product Pests- Cigarette Beetle. In NPMA Field Guide of Structural Pests. (9.1.2). National Pest Management Association International. Cabrera, J., Buss, L.J. (2001). Cigarette Beetle. University of Florida, Department of Entomology and Nematology. Retrieved July 20th, 2016 from http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/urban/stored/cigarette_beetle.htm .

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Cigarette Beetle Lasioderma Serricorne
Cigarette Beetle Lasioderma serricorne Description QUICK SCAN Adults: These beetles are light brown, 2-3 mm (0.09 inches) long. The elytra (hardened wing covers) are smooth and not striated (rows of pits). The antennal segments are finely serrated (toothed) to the tips. SIZE / LENGTH Adult 0.9 inch (2-3 mm) Eggs: Not readily visible without magnification. Eggs are slightly oval in shape, whitish is color, satin to glossy sheen, and approx 0.2-0.5 mm Eggs 0.019 inch (0.2-0.5 mm) (0.019 inches) long. COLOR RANGE Larvae: Creamy white, C- shaped, very hairy, with a large distinct head, and three pair of thoracic legs. Adult Light brown Larvae Creamy white, very hairy Pupae: Pupal cases are whitish; pupal chambers are created within food material. Life Cycle LIFE CYCLE Females Lays up to 100 eggs The female beetle will lay up to 100 eggs during a 2-4 week life span. Larvae Tunnel for 4-5 weeks Larvae will tunnel through the food product for about 4-5 weeks. The Lifecycle 6-8 weeks average life cycle will take 6-8 weeks depending on humidity and temperature. These beetles are excellent flyers and are most active in the late afternoons. It can only survive in warm buildings in temperate FEEDING HABITS regions. Adults and larvae cause damage. Commonly found in tobacco and Damage and Detection other processed foods such as spices, flour, meal, and dog food. Packages and food products infested with these beetles usually have shot holes where adults have emerged from pupation.
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Essential Oil-Based Nano-Biopesticides: Formulation and Bioactivity Against the Confused Flour Beetle Tribolium Confusum
sustainability Article Essential Oil-Based Nano-Biopesticides: Formulation and Bioactivity against the Confused Flour Beetle Tribolium confusum Davide Palermo, Giulia Giunti * , Francesca Laudani , Vincenzo Palmeri and Orlando Campolo Department of Agriculture, University Mediterranea of Reggio Calabria, 89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy; [email protected] (D.P.); [email protected] (F.L.); [email protected] (V.P.); [email protected] (O.C.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Post-harvest pest control can rely on few approved pesticides and tools; hence, there is a rising interest in new sustainable, eco-friendly approaches. In this study, eight commercial essential oils (EOs) (anise Pimpinella anisum, artemisia Artemisia vulgaris, fennel Foenicum vulgare, garlic Allium sativum, laven- der Lavandula angustifolia, mint Mentha piperita, rosemary Rosmarinus officinalis, and sage Salvia officinalis) were selected for their bioactivity and commercial availability, and then formulated in nano-emulsions. Repellency and acute toxicity of the developed nano-formulations were tested against a key stored product pest, Tribolium confusum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). All the developed nano-emulsions pre- sented optimal physical characteristics (droplet dimension = 95.01–144.30 nm; PDI = 0.146–0.248). All the formulations were repellent over time tested against adult beetles, in area preference bioassays. The best repellent was the anise EO-based formulation (RC50 = 0.033 mg). Mortality values from cold Citation: Palermo, D.; Giunti, G.; aerosol trials showed that the majority of tested EOs caused immediate acute toxicity, and garlic EO Laudani, F.; Palmeri, V.; Campolo, O. nano-emulsion caused the highest mortality of T. confusum adults (LC = 0.486 mg/L of air).
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5 Biology, Behavior, and Ecology of Pests in Other Durable Commodities
5 Biology, Behavior, and Ecology of Pests in Other Durable Commodities Peter A. Edde Marc Eaton Stephen A. Kells Thomas W. Phillips Introduction biology, behavior, and ecology of the common insect pests of stored durable commodities. Physical ele- Other durable commodities of economic importance ments defined by the type of storage structure, insect besides dry grains include tobacco, spices, mush- fauna, and interrelationships in the storage environ- rooms, seeds, dried plants, horticultural and agro- ment are also discussed. nomic seeds, decorative dried plants, birdseed, dry pet foods, and animal products such as dried meat and fish, fishmeal, horns, and hooves. Similar to dry Life Histories grains, these commodities are typically maintained and Behavior at such low moisture levels that preserving quality by minimizing insect damage can be a significant chal- lenge. Stored commodities may become infested at the processing plant or warehouse, in transit, at the store, or at home. Many arthropod pests of stored commodities are relatively abundant outdoors, but natural host plants before preadaptation to stored products remain unknown. Capable of long flight, they migrate into unprotected warehouses. Adults (larvae) crawl through seams and folds or chew into sealed packages and multiply, diminishing product quality and quantity. Infestations may spread within a manufacturing facility through electrical conduit Figure 1. Adult of the cigarette beetle, Lasioderma serricorne and control panels. (F.), 2 to 4 mm long (from Bousquet 1990). The type of pest observed on a stored product Cigarette Beetle Lasioderma depends on the commodity, but some insects vary widely in their food preferences and may infest a Serricorne (F.) wide range of commodities.
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On Cigarette Beetle 1. Radiosensitivity of Different Stages of Lasioderma
pti 7<r0oocs- PAEC (D) 76013' EFFECTS OF GAfflA RADIATION ON CIGARETTE BEETLE 1. RADIOSENSITIVITY OF DIFFERENT STAGES OF LASIODERMA SERRICQRHS BY E.C. MANOTO/ E.E. LAPIS AND A. PARUNGAO P'ARCH 1976 PHILIPPINE ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION DON MARIANO HARCOS AVENUE DILIMAN, QUEZON CITY EFFECTS OF GAMMA RADIATION ON CIGARETTE BEETLE I. Radiosensitivity of different stages of Lasioderma serricorne BY E.C. MANOTO, E.B. LAPIS AND A. PAR0NOAO PHILIPPINE ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION Philippine Atomic Research Center Diliman, Quezon City February 27, 1976 PASS (0) 76(0.8 Page 1 ABSTRACT A study was made to investigate the radiosensitivity of the developmental stages of the cigarette beetle, Lasiodenaa serricorne (S) exposed to different doses (10 to 100 krad of gamna radiation. It was found that the effect is dependent upon the metaaorphic stage and the age ot Vhe insect at any particular stage* Susceptibility of the eggs markedly decreased with age. A dose of only 10 krad was needed to completely prevent 1-day old eggs from hatching while 50 krad was required for similar effect on 4-day old eggs* However, all the hatched larvae died without transforming into pupae. First instar larvae and pre-pupae were killed before transforming into adult form at all dose levels. The more resistant pupae showed a higher percentage of adult emergence at 70 krad while fiO and 100 krad prevented the pupae to emerge as adults. On the ether hand, irradia tion did not apparently considerably affect the longevity of the adults, since at most dosages, mortality was comparable with the control group.
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Coastal Sage Scrub at University of California, Los Angeles
BIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT: COASTAL SAGE SCRUB AT UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES Prepared by: Geography 123: Bioresource Management UCLA Department of Geography, Winter 1996 Dr. Rudi Mattoni Robert Hill Alberto Angulo Karl Hillway Josh Burnam Amanda Post John Chalekian Kris Pun Jean Chen Julien Scholnick Nathan Cortez David Sway Eric Duvernay Alyssa Varvel Christine Farris Greg Wilson Danny Fry Crystal Yancey Edited by: Travis Longcore with Dr. Rudi Mattoni, Invertebrates Jesus Maldonado, Mammals Dr. Fritz Hertel, Birds Jan Scow, Plants December 1, 1997 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................1 CHAPTER 2: PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................................2 GEOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK.....................................................................................................................................2 LANDFORMS AND SOILS ..........................................................................................................................................2 The West Terrace ...............................................................................................................................................3 Soil Tests.............................................................................................................................................................4 SLOPE, EROSION, AND RUNOFF ..............................................................................................................................4
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Drugstore Beetle
Drugstore Beetle Stegobium paniceum Description QUICK SCAN Adults: Up to 3.2 mm (0.125 inches) long, brown to reddish brown. Similar in appearance to cigarette beetle but has several rows of pits (striated) on hairy elytra (hardened wings). The last three antennal SIZE / LENGTH segments are slightly enlarged and elongated. Adult 0.125 inch (3.2 mm) Eggs: Not readily visible without magnification. Eggs are slightly oval in Eggs 0.019 inch (0.2-0.5 mm) shape, whitish is color, satin to glossy sheen, and approx 0.2-0.5 mm (0.019 inches) long. COLOR RANGE Larvae: Creamy white, C- shaped, slightly hairy, with a large distinct Adult Brown to reddish brown head, and three pair of thoracic legs. Larvae Creamy white, C-shaped Pupae: Pupal cases whitish; inside a pupal chamber within food material. LIFE CYCLE Life Cycle Larvae 4-5 months Life cycle 2-7 months The female beetle will lay eggs in almost any dry organic substance. Larvae will tunnel through the food substance for about 4-5 months. The life cycle on average is 7 months but can be as short as 2 months. Several generations can occur per year depending on storage FEEDING HABITS conditions. Adults and larva cause damage. Packages or food items infested Damage and Detection usually have shot holes where adults emerge. Packages or food items infested with these beetles usually have shot holes where adults have emerged from pupation. Adults and larvae INFESTATION SIGNS cause damage. Adults are excellent fliers and are attracted to lights. The use of pheromone traps and inspections can determine the location and Commonly found in degree of infestation.
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Novel Detection and Removal of Hazardous Biocide Residues Historically Applied to Herbaria
AMGUEDDFA CYMRU - NATIONAL MUSEUM WALES Department of Natural Sciences Novel detection and removal of hazardous biocide residues historically applied to herbaria Dr. Victoria J. Purewal ACR1 & Prof. Belinda J. Colston2 IDENTIFICATION OF HISTORIC TREATMENTS This PhD research was prompted through rising health concerns associated with key members of staff and researchers working on the NMW herbarium. Similar medical conditions including rhinitis, hay fever, loss of sense of smell, dry eyes, dry throat and eczema had developed over a period of just 4 months for some individuals and up to five years in others. Research was undertaken to determine the inorganic and organic biocide contamination on the collections of both lower plant and vascular material. Analysis determined that significant concentrations of naphthalene and mercury, were present on the collections. Literature searches provided confirmation that these chemicals could induce the observed symptoms amongst personnel. Due to the paucity of historic information regarding the treatments applied and the lack of observable signs, this problem has been largely ignored and has therefore become exacerbated. Numerous experiments were attempted to provide a method of identification for historic treatments, and finally scanning with a UV lamp (fig. 1) provided a positive response. UV-A radiation caused a fluorescence on the sheets that was not observable in visible light. The fluorescence induced was distinctly coloured, ranging from cream through to orange. Within these coloured areas, mercury was always present, however no other single chemical provided this response. ANALYSIS Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) was employed to measure the metal ion concentration within the fluorescence. This process was also able to map an area of the mount sheet.
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Effect of Nano Particles Against Cigarette Beetle
Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2017; 5(3): 1728-1732 E-ISSN: 2320-7078 P-ISSN: 2349-6800 Effect of Nano particles against cigarette beetle JEZS 2017; 5(3): 1728-1732 © 2017 JEZS (Lasioderma serricorne Fabricius) in cured Received: 25-03-2017 Accepted: 26-04-2017 turmeric rhizomes (Curcuma longa Linnaeus) K Ravi Kumar Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, K Ravi Kumar, C Narendra Reddy, K Vijaya Lakshmi, K Rameash, K Rajendranagar, PJTSAU, Keshavulu and B Rajeswari Hyderabad, Telangana, India C Narendra Reddy Abstract Department of Entomology, An experiment was conducted to study the effect of different nano particles, viz, Nano silica @ 0.5g kg- College of Agriculture, 1, 0.25g kg-1, 0.175g kg-1 of cured turmeric rhizomes, Nano alumina @ 0.5g kg-1, 0.25g kg-1,0.175g Rajendranagar, PJTSAU, kg-1 of cured turmeric rhizomes, Nano clay @ 0.5g kg-1, 0.25g kg-1, 0.175g kg-1 of cured turmeric Hyderabad, Telangana, India rhizomes and Diatomaceous earth @ 5g kg-1 of cured turmeric rhizomes (check) along with control. All the treatments were replicated thrice. Among the three nanocides, nano silica applied at 0.5 and 0.25 g K Vijaya Lakshmi kg-1 dosages showed the superior performance of the over other treatments at one day after treatment Department of Entomology, followed by nano silica at 0.175 g kg-1 which caused higher mortality, reduced oviposition and adult College of Agriculture, emergence of L. serricorne and has a great promise in cigarette beetle pest management. Rajendranagar, PJTSAU, Hyderabad, Telangana, India Keywords: Turmeric, cigarette beetle and nano particles K Rameash Department of Entomology, Introduction College of Agriculture, Turmeric is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial plant belonging to the ginger family Rajendranagar, PJTSAU, (Zingiberaceaae), botanically known as Curcuma longa Linnaeus, originated from Tropical Hyderabad, Telangana, India south Asia (India) (Ravindran et al., 2007) [11].
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PHES10 467-470.Pdf
467 On the Genera of Anobiidae and Ptinidae Found in Hawaii (Coleoptera) BY ELWOOD C. ZIMMERMAN Bernice P. Bishop Museum (Presented at the meeting of January 5, 1939) The family Ptinidae is represented in Hawaii by only three wide spread, introduced species included in three genera. The islands have, however, a well-developed and comparatively large anobiid fauna. There have been 141 species and 19 varieties recorded, but new species are in local collections. This number of species is more than half as large as the total number (about 250) listed from America north of Mexico. Characteristically, however, as is true of many other Hawaiian groups, the endemic species belong to only a few large genera. Only three genera, two of them endemic, con tain endemic Hawaiian Anobiidae. These three genera have an average of 52 species per genus. The genus containing the largest number of species in Hawaii has 70; the largest in North America has 65. The following tabulation will show at a glance the developments of the Ptinidae and Anobiidae in Hawaii: PTINIDAE Gibbium: one introduced species. Mezium: one introduced species. Ptinus: one introduced species. ANOBIIDAE Catorama: one introduced species. Stegobium: one introduced species. • Holcobius (endemic) : 14 species and 2 varieties endemic. Xyletobius (endemic) : 53 species and 16 varieties endemic. Lasioderma: one introduced species. Mirosternus: 70 species and 1 variety endemic. The families may be separated as follows : Antennae inserted below eyes on front of head and very close together; sides of prothorax not margined Ptinidae Antennae inserted toward sides of head below eyes and widely separated; pro thorax with a conspicuous lateral margin Anobiidae PTINIDAE Key to the Genera found in Hawaii 1.
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BIHAREAN BIOLOGIST 8 (2): 106-108 ©Biharean Biologist, Oradea, Romania, 2014 Article No.: 141119 http://biozoojournals.ro/bihbiol/index.html Contact toxicity of the essential oils from Salvia leriifolia Benth (Lamiaceae) against Lasioderma serricorne (F.) Jafar GERANMAYEH1 and Seyed Mehdi HASHEMI2,* 1. Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, West Azerbaijan, Iran. 2. Young Researchers and Elite Club, Ardabil Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, Iran. * Corresponding author, S.M. Hashemi, E-mail: [email protected] Received: 10. August 2013 / Accepted: 28. April 2014 / Available online: 18. July 2014 / Printed: December 2014 Abstract. Salvia leriifolia Benth (Lamiaceae) was collected at tow developmental stages. Dry ground leaves were subjected to hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus and the chemical composition of the volatile oils was studied by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Contact toxicity of oils was investigated against adults of cigarette beetle Lasioderma serricorne (F.). Both oils in the same concentrations were tested for their toxicity on insect pest. The mortality of 3-10 days old adults increased with rates of oils and exposure time. Results showed that May oil were more toxic than March oil against cigarette beetle. Contact effects of these essential oils were considered to warrant further research into their potential for commercial use. Keywords: Salvia leriifolia, essential oil, contact toxicity, Lasioderma serricorne. Introduction Materials and methods During few recent decades and mostly because of their di- Plant material Fresh leaves of S. leriifolia were collected at two different times of the versity, versatility and safety in comparison with the syn- year. The first collection was done during March 2011, when growth thetic materials, natural products of plant, animal and mi- rates were maximal.
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Circumventing Ovicidal Deficiencies of Fumigants During Postharvest Fumigations
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