5082. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE May 13 H. R. 7815. A bill to authorize the Secre­ By Mr. PRIEST: May we demonstrate our gratitude by tary of t h e Interior to cooperate with the H. R. 7829. A bill to give proper recogni­ employing this heavenly favor for the S t ate of Kentucky to acquire non-Federal tion to the distinguished service of Col. J. cave properties within the authorized bound­ Claude Kimbrough; to the Committee on benefit of our country and of ourselves ari€s of Mammoth Cave Naeonal Park in Armed Services. as patriotic Americans. Many have died the St ate of Kentucky, and for other pur­ By Mr. RADWAN: to preserve this great good; may we not poses, to the Committee on Interior and In­ H. R. 7830. A bill for the relief of Miss render their supreme sacrifices vain and sular Affairs. Miriam Sperling; to the Committee on the useless by yielding to false or ignoble By Mr. BRAY: Judiciary. impulses. H. R . 7816. A bill to require that all im­ By Mr. SHEPPARD: ported bonemeal be disinfected at the port of H. R. 7831. A bill for the relief of Ronald In particular do we ask this day Thy entry so as to destroy possible anthrax J. Palmer; to the Committee on the Judi­ divine guidance of the Members of this spores; to the Committee on Agriculture. ciary. Senate. May their deliberations be tem­ By Mr. DAVIS of Tennessee: By Mr. SITTLER: pered with justice, prudence, and mercy. H . R. 7817. A bill to provide for emergency H. R. 7832. A bill for the relief of Robert The decisions which this assembly then flood-contr ol work made necessary by recent L. Kikta; to the Committee on the Judi- · makes will be a splendid safeguard for floods, and for other purposes; to the Com­ ciary. that precious liberty with which Thou mitt ee on Fublic Works. By Mr. WALTER: hast so graciously endowed us. With Thy By Mr. HALE: H. R. 7833. A bill for the relief of Prof. H. R. 7818. A bill to authorize the Attorney Werner Richter; to the Committee on the help, O God, all our trials, as well as our Ganeral to conduct preference primaries for Judiciary. triumphs, will accordingly be to Thy nomination of candidates for President and honor and glory. Through Christ our Vice President; to the Committee on House Lord. Amen. Administration. PETITIONS, ETC. By Mr. JACKSON of Washington: Under clause 1 of rule XXII, petitions H. R. 7819. A bill to prescribe policy and THE JOURNAL procedure in connection with construction and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk contracts made by executive agencies, and and referred as follows: On request of Mr. McFARLAND, and by for other purposes; to the Committee on the 722. By Mr. ANDERSON of California: unanimous consent, the reading of the Judiciary. Petition of Mrs. Verna M. Elliott, Watson­ Journal of the proceedings of Monday, By Mr. PRIEST: ville, Calif., and others urging the passage May 12, 1952, was dispensed with. H.J. Res. 446. Joint resolution relating to of H. R. 2188; to the Committee on Inter­ the continuan:e on the payrolls of certain state and Foreign Commerce. employees in cases of death or resignation 723. Also, petition of Mrs. Lucia P. Smith of Members of the House of Representatives, of San Jose, and others, urging favorable MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT Delegates, and Resident Commissioners; to consideration of H. R. 2188; to the Commit­ Messages in writing from the President the Committee on House Administration. tee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. of the United States submitting nomina­ By Mr. WALTER: 724. Also, petition of J. E. Hardy, and H.J. Res. 447. Joint resolution authorizing tions were communicated to the Senate others, of California requesting favorable by Mr. Miller, one of his secretaries. and directing the President of the United consideration of H. R. 2188; to the Commit­ States to proclaim October 28 of each year tee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. as Statue of Liberty Day; to the Committee 725. Also, petition of J. Lawson, and oth­ on the Judiciary. ers, of San Jose, Calif., reqt}.esting favorable MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE By Mr. ARMSTRONG: action on H. R. 2188; to the Committee on A message from the House of Repre­ H. J. Res. 448. Joint resolution to create a Interstate and Foreign Commerce. good-will medical team to assist in combat­ sentatives, by Mr. Maurer, one of its ing and eradicating epidemic diser,ses in the 726. Also, petition of Mrs. A. M. Blumer, reading clerks, announced that the House Far East; to the Committee on Interstate and of Burlingame, Calif., and others, urging the had passed a bill United States Senate Armed Customs and certain other Government serv­ COUNCIT, OF POLISH SOCIETIES Services Committee has approved a bill which ices at El Paso, Tex., and for other purposes; AND CLUBS, WIT,MINGTON, DEL. would make oleomargarine a permissible part H. R. 7189. An act to amend the provisions Mr. WILLIAMS. Mr. President, I pre.. of the Navy ration; and of the Internal Revenue Code which relate to Whereas the Air Force and Army quarter­ machine guns and short-barreled firearms, sent a resolution adopted on May 2, 1952, masters may now use oleomargarine: It is so as to impose a tax on the making of sawed­ by the Council of the Polish Societies and hereby off shotguns and to extend such provisions Clubs, in the State of Delaware, in sup­ Resolved by· Dairyland Cooperative Asso­ to Alaska and Hawaii, and for other pur­ port of Senate Joint Resolution 130, ciation of Juneau, Wis., and their entire poses; sponsored by the Senator from Ohio [Mr. · membership, assembled today, May 3, 1952, H. R. 7230. An act to amend the Internal BRICKER] and 54 other Senators, which in annual convention, To condemn this ac­ Revenue Code, so as to make nontaxable cer­ tion by the Senate Armed Services Commit­ tain stock transfers made by insurance com­ has for its purpose prohibition against the execution of treaties abridging the tee, in recommending this bill sponsored by panies to secure the performance of obliga­ Senator WILLIAM Fm.BRIGHT, of Arkansas, as tions; and laws of the United States or of the sev­ it would be very detrimental to the dairy H.J. Res. 422. Joint resolution to permit eral States unless Congress by act shall industry of the United States of America. articles imported from foreign countries for so provide. A copy of this resolution to be placed into the purpose of exhibition at the Washington I ask that this resolution be referred the hands of our two United States Senators State-Far East International Trade Fair, to the Committee on the Judiciary of the and aµ Repesentatives in Congress from the Seattle, Wash., to be admitted without pay­ State of Wisconsin. ment of taritT, and for other purposes. Senate for consideration. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The resolution will be received and referred LEAVE OF ABSENCE to the Committee on the Judiciary, as ENROLLED BILLS PRESENTED On request of Mr. McFARLAND, and by requested by the Senator from Delaware. The Secretary of the Senate reported unanimous consent, Mr. ANDERSON was that on today, May 13, 1952, he pre .. excused from attendance on the sessions sented to the President of the United of the Senate this week. RESOLUTION OF DAffiYLAND COOP· States the following enrolled bills: ERATIVE ASSOCIATION. WISCON· S. 1365. An act to assist Federal prisoners TRANSACTION OF ROUTINE SIN in their rehabilitation; and Mr. WILEY. Mr. President, I have S. 1772. An act for the relief of Ruth BUSINESS Obre Dubonnet. Mr. McFARLAND. Mr. President, I previously commented on the Senate ask unanimous consent that Senators floor on four important issues of inter· be permitted to make insertions in the est to every Wisconsin dairyman, namely, BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTION RECORD and transact other routine busi­ the Andresen amendment to the defense .. INTRODUCED ness, without debate. production law, the need of accelerated hoof-and-mouth-disease research, the Bills and a joint resolution were in· The PRESIDENT pro tempore. With­ traduced, read the fir.st time, and, by out objection, it is so ordered. importance of final action on the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence seaway, and the con .. unanimous consent, the second time, tinued utilization of butter by the Armed and referred as follows: DISPOSITION OF EXECUTIVE Forces. By Mr. SMITH of New Jersey: PAPERS At this time I send to the desk a reso .. S. 3159. A bill for the relief of Rodion The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid be­ lution sent to me by Harold Olson, direc .. Michael Akulshin; to the Committee on the fore the Senate a letter from the Acting tor of public relations of the Dairyland Judiciary. Cooperative Association of Juneau, in my By Mr. IVES: Archivist of the United States, trans­ S. 3160. A bill for the relief of Sachiko mitting, pursuant to law, a list of papers State of Wisconsin, stressing the views Kanemochi; to the Committee on the Judi­ and documents on the files of several de­ of some 1,600 milk-producing farms on ciary. partments and agencies of the Govern .. all these important questions. By Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado: ment which are not needed in the con· I ask unanimous consent that the reso .. S. 3161. A bill to amend part I of the duct of business and have no permanent lution be printed in the RECORD and be Interstate Commerce Act to provide for fil­ value or historical interest, and request· thereafter appropriately referred. ing of equipment-trust agreements and other documents evidencing or relating to the ing action looking to their disposition, There being no objection, the resolu­ lease, mortgage, conditional sale, or bailment which, with the accompanying papers, tion was referred to the Committee on of railroad eqUipment; to the Committee was referred to a Joint Select Committee Banking and Currency, and ordered to be on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. on the Disposition of Papers in the Ex .. printed in the RECORD, as follows: S. 3162. A bill for the relief of Andrew ecutive Departments. 1952 RESOLUTIONS Alexander Nara and Mary Kimberly Nara; to the Committee on the Judiciary. The PRESIDENT pro tempore ap .. Resolved, That Dairyland Cooperative As­ pointed Mr. JOHNSTON of South Carolina sociation urge their Wisconsin Representa· By Mr. SMITH of New Jersey: and Mr. LANGER members of the com .. tives to Congress to do all in their power to S. 3163. A bill for the relief of Mr. and Mrs. Frank Goto; to the Committee on th~ mittee on the part of the Senate. keep section 104, known as the Andresen amendment, in the War Production Act. Judiciary. This act, if repealed, would cause great hard­ By Mr. WILLIAMS (for himself, Mr. PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS ship to the dairy industry. FREAR, Mr. MARTIN, Mr. IVFB, Mr. TAFT, Mr. BUTLER of Nebraska, Mr. Petitions, etc., were laid before the O'CONOR, Mr. SCHOEPPEL, Mr. MUNDT, Senate and referred as indicated: Resolved, Since it is known that hoof-and­ Mr. SMITH of New Jersey, Mr. NIXON, By the PRESIDENT pro tempore: mouth disease is prevalent in Mexico and and Mr. HENr·ucKSON): The petition of Louis Droter, of Cleveland, Canada and since there has been a law S. 3164. A bill to amend the Internal Reve­ Ohio, praying for the enactment of legisla- enacted by Congress in 1948 authorizing the nue Code so as to prohibit the deduction 5084 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE May 13 from gross· income of bad debts owed by ductions for bad debts) is amended by add­ INTERIOR DEPARTMENT APPROPRI­ political parties and political orgapizations; ing at the end thereof a new paragraph as ATIONS-AMENDMENTS to the Committee on Finance. follows: (See the remarks of Mr. Wn.LIAMS when " ( 6) Exception: This subsection shall not Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado submitted he introduced the above bill, which appear apply with respect to debts owed by (A} amendments intended to be proposed by under a separate heading.) any political party, (B) any National, State, him to the bill ALExANDER WILEY, of approach which I have recommended. Wisconsin, for a constructive approach by myself to speak the truth as I see it. Republicans toward American foreign policy. The mail from my State is still heavily As has been stated before by another, The Senator talks as a Republican chairman in favor of my suggestion for an affirma­ "God helping, I can take no other of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee tive emphasis. After I had made my course." Each of us should do likewise. should talk-and that is exactly what he'll first address, General Eisenhower made SPIRIT, NOT MECHANISM, IS WHAT COUNTS be if a Republican victory in November turns substantially the same statement. the balance of power in the Senate. Last night the Honorable John Foster EISENHOWER'S VIEWS DESERVE RESPECT The last Republican chairman of the For­ Dulles spoke on both the weaknesses eign Relations Committee was the late Sen­ General Eisenhower has clearly reit­ and the strength of American foreign ator Arthur H. Vandenberg in the eightieth erated that mutual-security aid is essen­ policy. He pointed out that what is Congress. Vandenberg talked and acted in tial to the defense of Western Europe needed is not "spasmodic spurts" of the sense that WILEY h as adopted. He against communism. He has rightly "overly costly effort," but calm, reason­ showed the way to responsible Republican recommended that the reduction in for­ able, long-range effort to defend the foreign-policy attitudes. Senator WILEY eign spending be limited to the $1,000,­ ought not to have to apologize for saying, "frontier of freedom." Mr. President, as Vandenberg often said, that "we must CO'l,OOO cut which we on the Foreign those words probably are generalities, have continuing bipartisanship in foreign Relations Committee authorized. I feel but we cannot go anywhere unless we policy or, better still, nonpartisanship." his view-an expert view, a patriotic start to go somewhere. . Yet, there are elements in the Republican view-merits our respect and adherence. While I have not as yet read the text Party and on the Republican side of the I know how difficult it is, of course, of Mr. Dulles' remarks, I feel that he Senate who recently have expressed their to hold to that $1,000,000,000 cut limita­ is right at least in pointing out that we sorrow and contempt for WILEY'S reasonable tion. I realize full well the enormous tax point of view. WILEY became suspect with should not oversell ourselves on the these elements in the . GOP when, in a burden on the American people, the tre- . mechanisms of peace, where it be the speech to the American Society of News- · mendous damages which inflationary U. N., NATO, or any other mechanism. paper Editors on April 19, he said: spending has cost, but I know, too, that It is not the organization which "I will oppose, as a matter of principle, a war would be infinitely costlier in hu­ counts, it is the spirit behind the or­ not personality, the efforts of anyone within man life as well as in material treasure. ganization. I for one feel that these my own party, or in any other party, who I intend to continue to speak on this organizations are helpful, constructive, has the mistaken idea that simply because same subject, to write on it, and to do and necessary. But they will not of the other fellow recommended a policy it is everything in my power to advance the necessarily wrong. We are first and last themselves gain for us lasting peace, of that breed called Americans." general cause of "unity at the water's unless there is in them· vitality and they edge." are made the subject of straight think­ WILEY went on to say, that the GOP should THANKS FOR FAVORABLE NEWSPAPER COMMENT ing. Rather, it is the spirit of free constructively point out Democratic errors, I wish to express my appreciation to peoples and the spirit which we are able while acknowledging its own shortcomings; the many distinguished newspapers to engender, even behind the iron cur­ and at the same time praise Democratic throughout the land which have gra­ tain,' which will be the final determinant achievements with which it agreed. "The ciously endorsed the ideas which I have of whether the world will be saved from American people," hf' reminded some saurian thinkers in the GOP, "are forward-looking set forth. At this time, I send to the the scourge of world war Ill. and do not want criticism of the past for desk excerpts of several such editorials. I repeat my request for unanimous criticism's sake, negativism for the sake of There have, of course, been newspaper consent that there may be printed in the wallowing in the mud." editorials on the opposite side of the RECORD at this point the newspaper edi­ .• fence, so to speak. And while I disagree torials and excerpts· to which I have re­ The GOP will do weli to lay the reasonable, with them, I feel that each journal is f erred, and also excerpts from letters I sensible statement of Senator WILEY to entitled to its own views, so long as it heart; the party will get a lot further in the have received. coming months through Wileyism, if it may brings the factual news to the attention There being no objection, the editorials of its readers. be called that, than through "negativism for I ask unanimous consent, further, that and excnpts were ordered to be printed the sake of wallowing in the mud." following these editorial excerpts at the in the RECORD, as fallows: conclusion of my remarks, there be [From the. Baltimore Sun] [From the Denver Post] printed a series of excerpts from various SENATOR WILEY OF W;ISCONSIN TAKES A WHAT'S WRONG WITH BREED CALLED letters which have come to me from my RATIONAL STAND AMERICAN? own State and elsewhere. These mes­ All of us can take satisfaction and some A United States Senator was recently raked sages kindly endorse my own efforts. ' pride in the fol'thright stand Senator ALEX­ up and down by a few newspapers for hav­ B.ut I ~ubmit them not because of any ANDER WILEY, of Wisconsin, has taken for a ing endangered his country, betrayed the desire for personal praise. On the con­ rational approach to the foreign-aid problem, voters of his own party, and imperiled his which the Congress is now debating. A man country. He was compared to Alger Hiss as trary, the sole factor with which I am· who can say with deep conviction, "We, an expert in betrayal. Some members of concerned is that the ideas and princi­ [that is, the members of the Republican his own party have joined in the criticism, ples which the senior Senator from Wis­ Party who share Senator WILEY'S views] are although obliquely, and have held him up consin advanced shall receive public sup- not willing to sacrifice this Republic in order to cold and cruel scorn. 1952 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE 5087

Who ls this man and what ls his ofi'ens~? tribute so much to the continued life and [From the Sacramento Bee] Well, his name is ALEXANDER WILEY, and he greatness of this Nation, WISCONSIN'S WILEY SAYS SOME WISE, TIMELY is senior United States Senator from Wis­ . WORDS consin, now serving his second term. He is ranking Republican member of the For­ [From the Minneapolis Sunday Tribune] Senator ALEXANDER WILEY, of Wisconsin, eign Relations Committee of the Senate. WILEY'S SOUND POSITION REGARDING FOREIGN in case the Republicans capture the next In the event of Republican victory in 1952, POLICY Senate, will become chairman of the power· Mr. WILEY would become the committee's ful Foreign Relations Committee. When the late Senator Arthur Vandenberg In a recent speech to the Society of Amer­ chairman. revised his thinking about foreign affairs In What was his offense? Briefly, it was to the light of long study and observation he ican Newspaper Editors in Washington he step into the shoes of the late Senator Arthur was bitterly criticized by former admirers provided reassuring evidence of his capac­ Vandenberg in asserting that unity, in fac­ who continued to think of foreign policy in ity to meet such a responsibility wisely and ing foreign problems, would be more helpful partisan anc: parochial terms. well. than knifing foreign policy, when and if it Senator ALEXANDER WILEY, Republican, of In fact, he spoke not as a partisan but is devised by the other party. Wisconsin, is being similarly criticized for as an American, a refreshing attitude in a Senator WILEY preceded Secretary of State a similar evolution in thinking. There are year when it is difficult to resist the temp­ Dean Acheson on a luncheon program be­ not as many isolationists today as there were tation to throw rocks at every target in fore the American Society of Newspaper Edi­ when Vandenberg came out for a nonparti­ sight. tors in Washington. He criticized our for­ san foreign policy based on full awareness For instance, believe it or not, Senator eign policy and its past mistakes, but then of the United States inescapable role in world WILEY told the editors: continued: affairs. There are not as many politicians "I, for one, have always held to the be­ "I will oppose the efforts of anyone in who place partisan considerations above na­ lief that the Republican Party should be either party to assume it is good politics or tional Interest. as willing and eager to praise constructive good sense to criticize others unjustifiedly. But WILEY is being subjected to the same achievements as it should be to point out The American people know there is a time sort of treatment accorded Vandenberg as a shortcomings." and a place for criticism. But they also result of a notable statement of belief made And to prove he meant. what he said, the known that what is always needed is con­ before the American Society of Newspaper Senator went on to declare: structive suggestion, affirmative emphasis, Editors in Washington. "I say that in our international relations and not mere negativism. WILEY is being criticized by some of his there is a good deal of which every Ameri­ "* * * I say that in our international Republican colleagues in the Senate and by can can be proud." relations there is a good deal of which every isolationist newspapers for saying that in In this connection he mentioned the Mar­ American can be proud. Make no mistakes, our international relations there is a good shall plan, the rearmament program, the I have drawn attention in the past, and will deal of >.hich every American can be proud. successful holding of southeast Asia and in the future, to situations which I feel merit The senior Republican member of the Sen­ the serving of notice on Soviet Russia criticism. • • • But I will oppose as a ate Committee on Foreign Relations also is that Korea is not going to become the Aus­ matter of principle, not personality, the ef­ being criticized for urging the sort of bi­ tria or Czechoslovakia or Rhineland of forts of anyone within my own party, or any partisan or nonpartisan conduct of foreign world war HI, Joe Stalin and company have other party, who has the mistaken idea that policy championed by Vandenberg. WILEY had to sit up and take notice. simply because the other fellow recom­ wants Americans to be united "at the water's • • • • mended a policy it is necessarily wrong. edge" and to keep foreign poliGy out of do­ The Wiley speech was notably reminiscent We are first and last of the breed called mestic politics. He refuses to compromise Americans." of the broad attitude and constructive principle for a Republican victory in No­ statesmanship revealed by the late Senator Senator WILEY then listed as achievements vember. Arthur Vandenberg, of Michigan. the improved teamwork between the execu­ We think such an approach is far more We cannot have too many Senators who tive branch and Congress, and the "genuine likely to contribute to a Republican victory will endeavor always to remember they are bipartisan or, better still, nonpartisan coop­ in November than the tactics favored by Americans .first, not seekers after personal or eration, particularly on European policy." WILEY's critics. We believe that great num­ partisan advantage or newspaper headlines. He applauded the apparent congressional bers of voters would withhold support from determination that economic aid to Europe, a candidate who sought to make political the principal target of the isolationists, capital out of foreign policy. Statements EXCERPTS FROM LETTERS ENDORSING BIPARTISAN must be continued along with military aid, such as WILEY'S which reflect the thinking FOREIGN POLICY "because it plays so vital a role In sustain­ of such prominent Republicans as Governor From Minneapolis: ing the economic health of these various Dewey, Governor Warren, Harold Stassen, "As a voting resident of Wisconsin, it gave nations." Paul Hoffman, John Foster Dulles, Senators me a great deal of satisfaction to read the Still another constructive result, he said, Lodge, Saltonstall, and Smith, and, presum­ report of your speech before the American is the good news about the Marshal plan­ ably, General Eisenhower, are bound to carry Society of Newspaper Editors. Allow me to it has "brought about genuine economic mir­ great weight with those voters concerned congratulate you for taking such a forth­ acles in Europe." :grimarily with safeguarding the peace, free­ right stand on the subject of our foreign "Military progress in Western Europe is en­ dom. and security of the United States and policy, especially since undoubtedly you couraging," said Senator WILEY; and he de­ like-minded nations in a time of exceptional knew that your remarks would not set well clared General Eisenhower's engineering of peril. in certain quarters of the Republican Party." NATO into a force for peace ranks with his It is reassuring to learn that WILEY'S mall From Palo Alto, Calif.: brillant command of SHAEF during World from Wisconsin has generally favored his "I disagree with those colleagues of yours War II. speech and that he refuses to be swayed by who are rather caustic in their comments as While Senator WILEY lambasted what he hostile critici:: m. The support from con­ to your view on foreign affairs. I am sure called "the great many mistakes" that in­ stituents sho.ws that those who try to make they do the party no good, for it seems to volved us in Korea, and said that we ought to political capital out of foreign po!icy have me that such attitudes do not tend to attract quit fighting there with one hand behind our not made the inroads they expected upon Democratic votes, and the Republican Party's backs, he added that our Korean stand made the thinking of Wisconsin voters. candidate is going to require a lot of these Joe Stalin and Company take notice that WILEY'S firm stfind gives assurance that if io win. Moreover, a lot of Republicans are Korea was not going to become another Aus­ General Eisenhower becomes President he in more or less agreement with a great deal tria or Czechoslovakia. Finally, he declared, will have enlightened and forceful coopera­ of the administration's conduct of foreign Korea had helped us buy time to recover our tion from the senior Republican spokesman affairs." strength as well as discover our weaknesses. on foreign policy in the Senate. If the Re­ From Oconomowoc: • • • publicans control the Senate a Republican . "As a private citizen, I do wish to com­ Al though ALEXANDER WILEY is not another President and a Republican chairman of the mend your stand on our 'nonpartisan foreign Arthur Vandenberg, his speech can be com­ Foreign Affairs Committee should be able to policy' and I do admire the adjective you pared with some cogency, to the 1945 speech command the support of Democratic Sena­ have chosen in these days of divisive tactics. of Senator Vandenberg. tors for a.n· enlightened· foreign policy be­ It is a far better word than 'bipartisan' I The big Michiganite had previously held cause WILEY, like his distinguished prede­ feel. To have you take an enlightened views comparable to some e.arlier attitudes cessor, Yandenberg, gave nonpartisan support stand and stick to it is the most encouraging of Senator WILFY. Mr. Vandenberg re­ to a Democratic administration's conduct of act out of Washington in months. Wiscon­ nounced Isolationism forever, and emerged our foreign relations. This is the only sen­ sin can be proud, the United States and the as the father of American bipartisan and ~ible way fo:- a great democracy to conduct free world hopeful." nonpartisan foreign policy-in other words, its affairs. The Nation is fortunate in having From Janesville: of an all-American foreign policy. the services of a man such as WILEY at such "I know my letter will be buried 1n an It was more. It was the beginning of one a time. In the words of Secretary of State avalanche-both pro and con. Don't be dis­ of those massive and history-making shifts Acheson, he "puts the interest of his coun­ couraged by those that are critical. They in alignment which come infrequently in try before any partisan or personal advan­ represent the more vocal and better organ­ American national politics and which con- tage." ized group in the party, but not, I am VHY XCVIII-320 5088 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-. SENATE May 19 confident, the majority of us ordinary Wis­ let your fellow Senators faint where they REVISION OF LAWS RELATING TO consin folks." may." IMMIGRATION, NATURALIZATION, "As a combat veteran of World War II and From Oshkosh: the present Korean affair and as a former "I want to add this personal note of ap­ AND NATIONALITY District Republican chairman, I am proud preciation for your recent speech about the The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. HOEY to acknowledge you as my Senator. You foreign policy of our country. in the chair) . The Chair lays before the have demonstrated your bigness and your "I'm so afraid that the Republican Party Senate the unfinished business, which is vision. No more need be said." will lose the election because of the inac­ From Milwaukee: curate and inflammatory statements certain s. 2550. "The United States continues to need the party members have been making about for­ The Senate resumed the considera­ fair, impartial, nonpartisan appraisal that eign policy since the thirties-persons appar­ tion of the bill New York City Colony; Na­ President, American Coalition of tional Society of the Congress of State So­ Patri otic Civic and Fraternal Societies. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without cieties; National Society, Patriotic Women Mr. McCARRAN. Mr. President, I objection, the clerk will read. of America, Inc.; National Society, Service ask unanimous consent that the clerk The legislative clerk read as follows: Star Legion; National Society, Sons and STEUBEN SOCIETY OF AMERICA Daughters of the Pilgrims; National Society, may read to the Senate a telegram re­ ceived from Donald R. Wilson, national New York, N. Y., May 7, i952. United States Daughters of 1812, State of DEAR SENATOR: We respectfully address this New York; National Society, Women Descend­ commander, the American Legion. communication urging your support of the ants of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without McCarran bill, S. 2550. Company; National Sojourners; National objection, the clerk will read. 'Vie have carefully considered this legis­ Woman's Relief Corps; Naval and Military The legislative clerk read as follows: lation and have concluded that its terms and Order of the Spanish-American War, Na­ provisions are equitable, just and humane. tional Commandery; Naval and Military WASHINGTON, D. c., March 31, 1952. Senator PAT McCARRAN, It might not be amiss to point out that in Order of the Spanish-American War, District our considered opinion this legislation in of Columbia Commandery; New Jersey Coali­ Washington, D. C.: National executive committee of the Amer­ efiect establishes a "Magna Carta" as to tion, Inc. immigration, which may well be effective for Ohio Coalition of Patriotic Societies; Order ican Legion duly adopted a resolution sup­ porting principles now contained in S. 2550. the next generation and so it can in no man­ of Colonial Lords of Manors in America· ner be considered as merely transitory. Order of Independent Americans, Inc., Request you do everything possible to bring Stat~ this bill up for early debate and favorable On the other hand, a number of provisions Council of Pennsylvania; Order of the embodied in the Humphrey-Lehman bill, s. Founders and Patriots of America, California action. Strongly urge revision and codifica­ tion of immigration and naturalization laws 2842, have been incorporated in the Celler Society; Order of the Founders and Patriots bill, H. R. 7376. which was introduced in of America, District of Columbia Society; as contained in S. 2550. DONALD R. WILSON, accordance with a message of the President Order of the Founders and Patriots of Amer­ of the United States. Further, we cannot ica, Massachusetts Society; Order of the National Commander, the American Legion. emphasize too strongly that the Humphrey­ Founders and Patriots of America, New Jer­ Lehman bill deals primarily with the cur­ sey Society; Order of the Founders and Pa­ Mr. McCARRAN. Mr. President, I rent temporary immigration situation al­ triots of America, New York Society; Order ask unanimous consent that the clerk ready amply covered under previously intro­ of the Founders and Patr!ots of America, may read a communication received from duced legislation. Rhode Island Society; Order of the Three Therefore, being convinced that the Mc­ Crusades 1096--1192, Inc. the Filipino Federation of America, Inc. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Carran bill will serve the interests of our Patriotic Order Sons of America, National country, we respectfully implore its adoption. Camp; Patriotic Order Sons of America, State objection, the clerk will read. Respectfully submitted. Camp of Pennsylvania. The legislative clerk read as follows: STEUBEN SOCIETY OF AMERICA, Regular Veterans Association; Rhode Is­ RESOLUTION To SUPPORT 100 PERCENT THE Mc­ By ALBERT H. BOSCH, land Association of Patriots. CARRAN-W ALTER BILLS, Now BEFORE CON­ National Secretary. Society of New York State Women; Society GRESS IN CON JUNCTION WITH THE CODIFYING ROBERT F. HoLOCH, of Old Plymouth Colony Descendants; so­ AND REWRITING THE IMMIGRATION AND NA­ Chairman, National Committee on ciety of the Sons of the Revolution in the TIONALITY LAWS OF THE UNITED STATES Public Affairs. Commonwealth of Massachusetts; Sons and Daughters of Liberty, National Council; Sons "Whereas two important immigration and nationality bills referred to as omnibus bills, Mr. McCARRAN. Mr. President, I ask and Daughters of Liberty, State Council unanimous consent that the clerk may Connecticut; Sons and Daughters of Liberty, namely, S. 2550, introduced by Senator State Council District of Columbia; Sons and PAT McCARRAN in April 1950, and favorably read an excerpt from the testimony of Daughters of Liberty, State Council Massa­ reported by the Senate Judiciary Committee Mrs. C. D. Wright, chairman of the de­ chusetts; Sons and Daughters of Liberty, on January 29, 1952; and H. R. 5678, intro­ partment of legislation, General Federa­ State Council New Hampshire; Sons and duced by Representative FRANCIS E. WALTER tion of Women's Clubs, before the joint Daughters of Liberty, State Council Pennsyl­ and favorably reported by the House Judi­ ciary Committee on February 14, 1952; and congressional committee considering the vania; Sons of the American Revolution, Na­ McCarran and Walter bills. tional Society; Sons of the American Revolu­ "Whereas if enacted, these bills would tion, California Society; Sons of the Ameri­ bring far-reaching changes in the immigra­ The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without can Revolution, Empire State Society; Sons tion and nationality laws of the United objection, the clerk will read. of the American Revolution, Iowa Society; States: Therefore be it The legislative clerk read as follows: Sons of the American Revolution, New Jersey "Resolved, That we the 1,728 delegates of While we are not only a national but an Society; Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil the Filipino Federation of America, in these international organization-perhaps the larg­ War Commandery-in-Chief; Sons of Union solemn hours of our special convention est women's organizations in the world-the Veterans of the Civil War, Massachusetts De­ meeting, now in session in the city of Los General Federation of Women's Clubs puts partment; Southern Vigilant Intelligence As­ Angeles, State of California, United States it> first emphasis on the security of the sociation, Inc .. of America, on the 19th day of March, in the United States. We feel that much of the The Federation of Huguenot Societies in year of our Lord 1952, do hereby support 100 present dangerous situation of our country America; The Wheel of Progress. percent said McCarran-Walter bills, believing stems from past overeagerness whereby, in Westchester Security League; Women o:f that they would bring into efiect the solution our desire to furnish a haven to the op­ Army and Navy Legion of Valor, United States pressed peoples of the world, we have not of America; Women's National Defense Com­ of the many immigration and nationality problems confronting the best interests and sufficiently screened those knocking at our mittee of Philadelphia. ports for entry. security of the United States here at home. Mr. McCARRAN. Mr. President, I We, therefore, feel that the two bills now and they also create better relations with under consideration, if used as the basis for ask unanimous consent that the clerk foreign countries." a new law, will more adequately protect our may read a telegram which has come to Unanimously adopted by the 1,728 dele­ country. my hand this moment from the same gates to the special convention meeting of We are very much pleased that 1n this organization, the American Coalition of the Filipino Federation of America, held on legislation the last discriminations against Patriotic Civil and Fraternal Societies. March 19, 1952, at the headquarters of said women have been removed; that now women The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without organization, 428 Stack Building, Los Angeles, shall stand on an equal footing with men objection. the clerk will read. Calif., United States of America. as sponsors for aliens. Particularly are we 5092 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE May 13 pleased that now an American woman may bus immigration and naturalization bill passage of bill S. 2550 of which you are the bring in her alien husband irrespective of which bears your name. author. We also know that it is waiting to the date of marriage. We believe that your comprehensive and be scheduled on the Legislative Calendar of vitally needed legislation is a great improve­ the Senate. Mr. McCARRAN. Mr. President, I ask ment over existing law. In the present world conflict, we sincerely unanimous consent that the clerk may Particularly are we appreciative of your feel that favorable action on this b111 will read to the Senate an excerpt from the leadership in providing in your bill for ra­ au:;;ment other steps taken to improve inter­ testimony of Roland Elliott, director, cial equality in immigration and naturaliza­ national good will. Passage of this bill will resettlement program, department of tion. not only reinforce the faith of many in a church world service, National Council As you are well aware, our organization great country but will also be positive evi­ has been in the forefront of those who have dence of another instance of strengthening of the Churches of Christ. urged the extension of naturalization rights the democratic way of life. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without to all loyal resident aliens, without regard Therefore, the Cleveland Chapter of the objection, the clerk will read. to race or national origin. In addition, we Japanese American Citizens League urge you The legislative clerk read as follows: have strongly advocated the complete repeal to take such action as will lead to the im­ We wish today to support the legislation of the oriental exclusion acts, which will mediate consideration of the bill, S. 2550, by that is under discussion. We believe that it abolish a needless barrier to understanding the Senate. states clearly that sound principle of the between our Government and the peoples Respectfully yours, individual worth of the individual alien of the Far East. HENRY TANAKA, rather than regarding as determinative the The elimination of these racial prohibi­ President, Cleveland Chapter, JACL. accident of his birth or residence or his in­ tions, as provided by your bill, is not on~y voluntary impressment in youth or trade or a matter of long-deferred justice but will Mr. McCARRAN. Mr. President, I other associations dominated by totalitarian have an enormously salutary effect upon ask unanimous consent that the clerk governments. our international relations. may read to the Senate an article ap­ We believe that the merits of your legis­ pearing in the Catholic Standard, which Mr. McCARRAN. Mr. President, I ask lation deserve the overwhelming support of is a weekly publication of the Archdio­ unanimous consent that the clerk may the Members of the Senate. read to the Senate an excerpt from the Sincerely, cese of Washington, under date of May testimony of Argyle R. Mackey, Acting MIKE MASAOK.A, 2, 1952. Commissioner, Immigration and Natu­ National Legislative Director. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without ralization Service, Department of Justice. objection, the clerk will read. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without JAPANESE AMERICAN The legislative clerk read as follows: CITIZENS LEAGUE, SAYS HousE M!GP.ANT LAw Is MlLEsTONE objection, the clerk will read. SAN MATEO CHAPTER, The legislative clerk read as fallows: ApriZ 17, 1952. House passage of a bill wiping out all racial barriers to the admission of immi­ Now, we of the Immigration and Naturali­ Hon. PAT McCARRAN, grants and to their attaining citizenship zation Service, Department of Justice, think Senate Office Building, through naturalization was called a mile­ this proposed legislation, generally speaking, Washington, D. 0. stone in American history by Bruce Mohler, would be a desirable revision of our immi­ DEAR MR. SENATOR: Scheduled now on the director of the Immigration Department, gration and naturalization laws. Senate Calendar is legislation known as the National Catholic Welfare Conference, here. Mr. McCARRAN. Mr. President, I ask McCarran omnibus bill, which provides that The National Catholic Welfare Confer­ naturalization rights shall not be abridged ence has supported both the House bill and unanimous consent that the clerk may because of race and which also extends im­ read to the Senate an excerpt from the the companion McCarran measure in the migration quotas to those few remaining Senate, while at the same time working for testimony of Mrs. Elsie Elfenbein, execu­ Asian countries whose nationals are still certain amendments. excluded from our shores. tive director, National Council of Jewish Amon~ effects of the House bill are: Women. To those of us who are of Japanese an­ 1. Sex discriminations in various immi­ The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without cestry; this is the most important measure to come up in the legislative history of this gration procedures are abolished. objection, the clerk will read. 2. The field for uniting and keeping family country. The McCarran b111 will remove a units intact is broadened. The legislative clerk read as follows: dual discrimination which has in the past 3. A general overhaul is given to immi­ I wish to voice our appreciation to this characterized Asians, and particularly the gration laws. joint committee for the monumental task Japanese, since they are the largest group to you have set yourselves in codifying the be affected, as inferior, as unworthy of nat­ Mr. McCARRAN. Mr. President, I immigration and naturalization laws of our uralization privileges, and as unfit to ask unanimous consent that the clerk country. We wish, further, to commend enter thls Nation as immigrants. and vigorously support two very important While we who were born here are Ameri­ may read to the Senate a letter which provisions: The retention of the principle of can citizens, our citizenship is a matter of I ha-ve received from the San Diego national origin in quotas and the elimina­ fortunate accident, since our parents are Council of Churches. tion of discrimination in immigration be­ Japanese. We acquired our citizenship as a The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without cause of race and sex. We believe the birthright, and as much as we cherish our objection, the clerk will read. latter to be a real and progressive step to­ birthright, we cannot but feel that our own The legislative clerk read as follows: ward an all-inclusive policy of nondiscrim­ status as citizens is clouded by the official SAN DIEGO COUNCIL OF CHURCHES, ination becaus~ of race, creed, or national slur which is cast on our parents. The cit­ or ethnic origin. izenship privileges which are now ours by San Diego, Calif., March 20, 1952. accident, we would like to share with our Senator McCARRAN, Mr. McCARRAN. Mr. President, I parents on the basis of acceptance. Senate Office Building, ask unanimous consent that the clerk Washington, D. C. We hope that with your help this undemo­ DEAR SENATOR McCARRAN: The executive may read to the Senate a letter from cratic blot on our immigration and natural­ the national legislative director of the board of the San Diego Council of Churches ization laws will soon be removed. has authorized me to inform you of our Japanese-American Citizens League; a. May we urge that you support the Mc­ enthusiastic approval of the omnibus blll letter frJm the president of the Carran omnibus bill when it comes in the S. 2550 whic:r has been favorably reported San Mateo Japanese-American Citizens Senate for vote. out by the Judiciary Committee. League; and a letter from the president Very truly yours, ROBERT SUGISHITA, We believe this bill removes injustices and confusions which have plagued our immi­ of the Cleveland chapter of the Jap­ President, San Mateo Japanese anese-American Citizens League. American Citizens League. gration policy with references to people of The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without EDITH MARUBAYASHI, the Orient. It is obvious that the correc­ objection, the clerk will rea.d. Corresponding Secretary. tion of these discriminations will undermine the Communist tactics of misrepresenta­ The legislative clerk read the letters, tion of the United States of America in the as follows: JAPANESE AMERICAN FaT East. JAPANESE AMERICAN CITIZENS LEAGUE, CITIZENS LEAGUE, May we urge that it receive your concerned ANTIDISCRIMINATION COMMITTEE, CLEVELAND CHAPTER, support and that you will use your inftu­ Washington, D. C., May 8, 1952. March 5, 1952. ence to prevent a delay in Congress which Hon. PAT MCCARRAN, Hon. Senator PATRICK MCCARRAN, might result as in the past few years in the Chairman, Committee on the Judi ciary. Senate Office Building, failure to get such measures to a vote before United States Senate, Washington, D. C. Congress adjourned. Washington, D. C. DEAR Sm: We have been informed by our Sincerely yours, DEAR SENATOR McCARRAN: This ls to state legislative committee of the recent rapid SAN DIEGO CoUNcn. OF CHURCHES, for the record our endorsement of the omni- progress made in furthering the eventua: GEORGE A. SCOTT, President. 1952 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE 5093 Mr. McCARRAN. Mr. President, I States either by special legislation, unused Mr. LEHMAN. Mr. President, will the ask unanimous consent that the clerk quotas, or Executive orders and express sup­ Senator from Nevada yield? may read to the Senate a statement from port of Senate bill 2550 introduced by Sena­ tor PAT MCCARRAN and bill H. R. 5678 intro­ Mr. McCARRAN. Not now. the testimony of Frieda S. Miller, Direc­ duced by Representative FRANCIS F. WALTER Mr. LEHMAN. Mr. President, will the tor, Women's Bureau, United States De­ entitled "To revise the laws relating to im­ Senator yield for a question? partment of Labor. migration, naturalization, and nationality; Mr. McCARRAN. Not now. The PRESIDING OFFICER to revive and reenact which I have been a Member of the concluding statement is an expression of section 6 of the act entitled "An act au­ Senate, has been so intricate, so involved, patriotism which needs to be heard thorizing the construction of certain through our land in these hectic days. or so pregnant with dangerous potenti­ public works on rivers and harbors for alities. Finally I should like to say that what flood control, and for other purposes," The subject matter is immigration; the Senator has stated with reference approved December 22, 1944. but the pending legislation involves far to the bill has convinced me that I more than immigration. It poses the shall not vote to recommit a bill so com­ plicated and so technical as this bill and REVISION OF LAWS RELATING TO question of our basic national philoso­ IMMIGRATION, NATURALIZATION, phy, and of our social philosophy; it in­ on which unusually extensive heartngs volves the thorny problem of the racial have been held, as the evidence now so AND NATIONALITY clearly shows. discrimination imbedded in our immigra­ The Senate resumed the consideration tion laws. It raises basic questions of I quite agree with the right of Sen­ of the bill Nazi Germany a few short The Humphrey-Lehman bill would, 1515, runs to almost 1,000 pages and has years ago. If we in Congress should re­ indeed, remedy many of the injustices been the basis of several omnibus immi­ validate this discredited philosophy in and soften some of the harsh and un­ gration bills introduced in the House and the year 1952 by approving S. 2550, we reasonable provisions of present law. the Senate during the past 2 or 3 years, would, in my judgment, do more harm But, indeed, I realize that the Hum· including the pending measure, the Mc­ to our standing in the world than the phrey-Lehman bill is quite as compli­ Carran bill. Voice of America could undo in a decade. cated and intricate a piece of legislation As I said, I am aware of all these ef­ But I am getting ahead of myself. All as S. 2550. I realize also that there have forts and all these studies. Indeed, I want to do at this point is to indicate been no hearings on the Humphrey-Leh· those of us who drafted and introduced, tlie great difference in basic philosophy man bill. Let me emphasize with all the first, S. 2343, the Lehman-Humphrey­ between the authors of S. 2550 and the force at my command that this was Short bill, and then S. 2842, the Hum­ authors of the Humphrey-Lehman bill. through no fault of the sponsors of this phrey-Lehman omnibus bill, made effec­ The Humphrey-Lehman bill represents proposed legislation. tive use of the compilations and studies an e.ff ort to remedy the shortcomings and The Lehman-Humphrey-Short bill, included in Report No. 1515, to which racial bias of present law, and to make S. 2343, carrying the main provisions of I have just referred, as well as to the our immigration practices conform to S. 2842, was introduced on October 20 record of the joint hearings before the the tr aditional American principles con­ last year, and was referred to the Judi· House and Senate subcommittees on im­ cerning which we so proudly boast. ciary Committee, of which the distin· migration of the Committees on the Ju­ The Humphrey-Lehman bill is not a guished Senator from Nevada [Mr. Mc· diciary. perfect bill. I know that. It has some CARRAN] is chairman. No hearings were But I must say at this point-and I inadequacies. In its present form it ordered on this bill. The Humphrey .. cannot emphasize this too strongly­ needs some changes, technical and sub­ Lehman omnibus bill was introduced on that Senate Report No. 1515, as well as stantial, on which all its sponsors are March 12 of this year. We hoped that S. 2550, reflect a basic philosophy on this agreed. Moreover, if I could have writ­ hearings on this measure would be held. subject utterly at variance with my own, ten it to suit myself, it would have been On April 8, I joined with my colleagues and utterly at variance with that of a considerably different from what it is. [Mr. HUMPHREY and ·Mr. BENTON] in a great many of my colleagues. It would have been more generous, and letter to the distinguished chairman of This philosophy is a xenophobic phi­ more humane; it would have abolished the Judiciary Committee asking specifi .. losophy. It is a racist philosophy. It is entirely the present blood-stock quota cally for hearings. a philosophy of fear, suspicion, and dis­ system, the so-called national origins I should like to read, at this point in trust of the foreigners outside our coun-" system, in favor of an individually selec­ my remarks, that letter to the Senator try, and of the aliens within our coun­ tive-quota system. My own personal bill from Nevada: try. would be less interested in what people APRIL 8, 1952. It is a philosophy which is plainly have believed in the past, and more in­ Hon. PAT McCARRAN, prejudiced against immigration. It is a terested in what they might stand for in Chairman, Senate Judi ciary Commi ttee, Uni ted States Senate, philosophy which accepts, or rather tol­ the future, and what they might contrib­ Washington, D. C. erates, a trickle of immigration, but sur­ ute to America, in terms of culture, DEAR MR. CHAmMAN: As you are aware, rounds it with such hedges, barriers, and skill, and richness of character. there has been referred to your committee, obstacles as to make it a virtually im­ My personal immigration bill would S. 2842, which we, in association wit h ten possible course to follow. also be more painstakingly careful of in­ other Senators, introduced on March 12. This philosophy is founded on the dividual rights, even the rights of aliens. This bill, which would revise and codify immigration and naturalization laws, and, assumption that America is under the But S. 2842 was not drafted to conform at the same time humanize them, certainly, constant threat of losing her Anglo­ to my own personal ideas or to those of in our judgment, merits consideration by Saxon character because of immigration, any other single individual or group. the Judiciary Committee. There is a large and that the so-called blood-stock of Rather it was drafted as a practical number of groups, organizations, and indi­ America, described. as Anglo-Saxon and measure, designed to achieve what can viduals who have expressed themselves as Nordic, is the basis of America and must and must be achieved now, in the light strongly favorable to S. 2842. We feel it be preserved from contamination by of the best experience in this field, and in would be most desirable to permit these or­ ganizations and individuals to present their foreign immigrants. the prevailing light of our national views before the committee. We, therefore, This rather quaint philosophy forgets needs. I personally am satisfied to leave request that hearings be held on this bill at the fact that America was settled and to the future the further changes and a mutually convenient date in the fut ure. peopled entirely by immigrants, and built improvements in our immigration and We say "mutually convenient" because it to greatness by immigrants, from many nationality law which I feel are desirable. would be no more than fair to give interested lands and many continents. Moreover, This brings me to my first major point, persons and organizations adequate not ice so what makes America is not the racial or the point of procedure, the point of what that they could prepare testimony and ot her­ wise arrange for their appearances before the national ancestry of our inhabitants, but the Senate can best do, in the national committee. We would hope, of course, that the very mixture and melding of many interest, to dispose of these difficult ques­ the committee will deem this legislation of cultures and blood strains, and the fus­ tions, and to resolve the fundamental sufficient importance to hold hearings before ing of those streams, in a climate of free­ differences which appear in this far­ the full committee rather than before a sub­ dom and opportunity, into a mighty reaching matter. committee although we are aware that this river of energy, industry, and individual I certainly wish that the Senate could is a matter for your decision. dignity. approve the Humphrey-Lehman bill. It Ve.ry sincerely yours, Mr. President, the philosophy under­ HUBERT H. HUlVlPHREY would be a major advance in this field. HERBERT H. LEHMAN. lying Senate Report No. 1515 and also By pooling and using unused quota num­ WILLIAM BENTON. Senate bill 2550, is not the American bers and by using our true 1950 popula· philosophy. I know it is not the phil­ tion as the basis for computing quotas in· On April 28, having heard reports that osophy we speak of on the Fourth of stead of the 1920 figures, the Humphrey­ S. 2550 might be called up for consider­ July or on I Am An American day. It ation, without hearings being held on Lehman bill would offer early hope of S. 2842-as it was called up, without is not the philosophy epitomized by the asylum the thousands of refugees in Statue of Liberty in New York Harbor. to hearings, either on it or on other bills-­ It is not the philosophy by which Amer­ Europe and elsewhere-refugees from a number of the sponsors of S. 2842 ad­ ica is known and respected throughout behind the iron curtain, and from dressed a letter to the able and distin­ the world. This racist philosophy, based tyranny in all parts of the world-and guished majority leader. on belief in blood-stocks and the supe­ also to desirable people in Italy, and Mr. President, I ask unanimous con­ riority of the Nordic strain, has a Greece, and the Netherlands and West­ sent to have that letter printed in the strangely familiar ring. It is, in fact ern Germany, where the problem of sur­ RECORD at this point as a part of my re­ strikingly similar to the basic racial plus population grows like a cancer at marks. 1952 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE 5103 There being no objection, the letter types of omnibus immigration an".l naturall­ statutory Board of Immigration Ap­ was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, zation bills. I sincerely hope, therefore, that peals, and for a complete elimination of you can see your way clear to hold public as follows: hearings on the . bill. all racial discriminations and barriers, Hon. ERNEST w. MCFARLAND, With kind personal regards, I am, to name just a few of the substantive United States Senate, Sincerely yours, provisions of the Humphrey-Lehman Washington, D. C. JAMES E. MURRAY. bill. DEAR SENATOR: Recently you announced Moreover, S. 2842, the Humphrey­ that S. 2550, Senator McCARRAN's omnibus Mr. LEHMAN. These communica­ immigration bill, is to be included among the tions were followed by personal confer­ Lehman bill, presents for the first time bills to be taken up by the Senate at this ences with the majority leader and with legislative means of achieving what most session and presumably in the near future. members of the policy committee. of us wish to achieve, a more liberal We are again calling your attention to I personally appealed to the majority immigration policy, within a framework S. 2842 which a number of us have intro­ leader and to the Democratic policy of greater security for the United States, duced and which is likewise an omnibus with adequate provision for equitable inmigration bill. committee to have the McCarran bill, Senate bill 2550, laid aside until hearings and fair treatment for all aliens, both Recently three of us wrote to Senator Mc­ for applicants for admission into the CARRAN and asked for hearings on S. 2842. A could be held on Senate bill 2842. My copy of the letter requesting such hearings request was denied. The decision had United States and for those already in is attached for your information. We pro­ been made to consider Senate bill 2550, 'the country. pose to continue to press for these hearings. without hearings on Senate bill 2842. All this is new and merits the atten­ As you are aware, there is very strong Mr. President, I should like to make tion and consideration of the Judiciary feeling in opposition to S. 2550 and it would Committee and of the Senate. be our intention and, we believe, that of clear at this point that this is no isolated others, to conduct a very extensive debate ideological issue, to be decided in a vac­ I should like to point out further, Mr. on this complicated and extremely involved uum, by silence, or by sheer force. This President, that the hearings the chair­ measure affecting, as it does, the entire issue is one in which very great numbers man of the Judiciary Committee has structure of our immigration policy and the of people are vitally interested. referred to, and to which I hJ.ve re­ status of thousands of naturalized citizens Groups and organizations representing f erred, took place more than a year and aliens now in America. every religious faith and nationality ago. Those hearings were held on leg­ We hope you might use your influence islative proposals not a single one of with Senator McCARRAN to urge him to sup­ groups and minority groups and labor port our request for hearings on S. 2842. unions and voluntary agencies which which is now before the Senat.e. Should it be decided to call up S. 2550 be­ have been operatffig in the immigra­ No hearings were ever held on S. 2550. fore hearings on S. 2842 are held and before tion field for years are all vitally in­ Hearings were held on S. 716 which was the Senate Judiciary Committee gets a terested in a proper resolution of the extensively modified and reintroduced chance to consider S. 2842, we would appre­ complex questions and issues involved in by the distinguished Senator from Ne­ ciate further advance notice on when S. this legislation. vada as S. 2055. No hearings were ever 2550 is to be called up, so that we may ade­ S. quately prepare ourselves for discussion of The Humphrey-Lehman bill, Senate held even on 2055. And finally the this vitally important matter. bill 2842, and the Lehman-Humphrey Judiciary Committee, in a very perfunc­ You may be interested to know that we bill, Senate bill 2243, were originally tory session, reported still a ditierent would propose, if S. 2550 is called up, to sub­ drafted in close cooperation and con­ bill, s. 2550. mit S. 2842 as a substitute. We also would sultation with these various groups. The On the floor of the Senate this morn­ desire an opportunity to present upward of sponsors of the substitute bill have been ing I tried on eight separate occasions 100 amendments to S. 2550 to bring out the working with these groups at every stage to explain that situation to the chair­ salient points of difference between S. 2550 and S. 2842, points which a great many and on every phase of this problem. man of the Committee on the Judiciary. groups and organizations interested in im­ They have a right to be heard and to I did not ask to make a speech. I merely migration feel are vital and critical. have their views expressed in detailed requested permission to ask a question Sincerely yours, comment on every provision of the Hum­ in explanation of inaccurate statements Senators HUMPHREY, LEHMAN, BENTON, phrey-Lehman bill. The Senate has a which had been made by the distin­ MURRAY, MORSE, PASTORE, KEFAUVER, right, even an obligation, to have these guished Senator from Nevada. I could DouGLAS, and McMAHON. views recorded and available for consid­ have cleared up the question without the Mr. LEHMAN. Other cosponsors of eration in taking up omnibus legisla­ slightest difficulty. The press would this proposed legislation also wrote to tion covering the whole immigration and have known the facts. The Members of the majority leader. naturalization field. the Senate who were on the fioor at the I ask unanimous consent to have The chairman of the Judiciary Com­ time would have known of the facts. printed in the RECORD at this point a let­ mittee has said, in explanation of why The Members of the Senate who take the ter which the Senator from Montana he will not hold hearings on Senate bill trouble of reading my remarks would [Mr. MURRAY] wrote the Senator from 2842, the Humphrey-Lehman bill, that have known the facts. Nevada [Mr. McCARRAN] on this subject. some of the proposals contained in Sen­ I was not accorded that courtesy. I There being no objection, the letter ate bill 2842 were presented in the course was not able to explain the facts as they was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, - of the joint hearings on Senate bill 716, exist without question and without possi­ as follows: the grandfather bill to Senate bill 2550, bility of contradiction. MAY l, 1952. the pending measure. Representatives Mr. President, I cannot tell you how Hon. PAT McCARRAN, of some organizations now supporting deeply I regret that the junior Senator United States Senate, the Humphrey-Lehman bill did, in fact, from New York was not permitted to ask Washington, D. C. DEAR SENATOR McCARRAN: As a sponsor of appear at the joint hearings and sug­ those questions which could have been S. 2842, I am taking the liberty of asking gested some of the ideas which are now answered with a simple "yes" or "no.'' you, as chairman of the Senate Committee covered in Senate bill 2842. I could have placed the entire situation on the Judiciary, to hold hearings before But, Mr. President, that has no real in a clear light before the Senate. I was your full committee on the bill. bearing on the question. There was no refused that privilege and that courtesy. As you realize, I am sure, S. 2842 has been legislation before the committee along Mr. BENTON. Mr. President, will the endorsed by many organizations and out­ the lines of Senate bill 2842. There was standing public citizens from all sections of Senator from New York yield? our Nation and from all walks of life here. no pending legislative proposal to which the witnesses could address themselves Mr. LEHMAN. I yield to the Senator In view of the deep interest expressed to me from Connecticut. by many of these groups and individuals and positively, as they could now, and now of the broad general interest of Americans desire to do, in regard to the Humphrey­ Mr. BENTON. Would the Senator at the present time in revising and codifying Lehman bill. from New York tell his colleagues the our immigration and naturalization laws, it The subcommittee of the Judiciary number of times he asked the Senator would be well, and I am sure you will agree, Committee which participated in these from Nevada to yield and the number of that some opportunity be given to them for times he was refused? expression of their views and judgment on hearings had no opportunity to examine this legislation. a definite legislative proposal which Mr. LEHMAN. I know that I asked S. 2842 was not before your committee contained provisions for pooling of it at least eight times, and I was refused Pt the time the committee considered other quotas, for a Visa Review Board, for a eight times. The number may have XCVIII-321 5104 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE May 13 been more, but I am a conservative man. There being no objection, the state­ Welfare Conference, National Council on and I shall stick to the eight times. ment was ordered to be printed in the Naturalization and Citizenship, National Council of Jewish Women, American Jewish Mr. President, the views of the minor­ RECORD, as follows: Committee, American Jewish Congress, Anti­ ity of the Judiciary Committee-and this ANSWER TO THE RESUME FROM THE OFFICE OF Defamation League of B'nai B'rith, Friends is highly important-states explicitly SENATOR PAT McCARRAN ENTITLED "McCAR­ Service Committee, National Lutheran Coun­ that the committee, as a whole, had no RAN-WALTER OMNIBUS IMMIGRATION AND NA­ cil, Church World Service (National Council opportunity for a careful section-by­ TIONALITY BILL (S. 2550) VERSUS HUM­ of Churches in Christ), Joint Conference on section study of this highly controversial PHREY-LEHMAN BILL (S. 2842)" Alien Legislation, Common Council of Amer­ bill. It is significant that four members (Statement of Senators HUBERT H. HUM­ ican Unity, and others. of the Judiciary Committee, a third of PHREY, HERBERT H. LEHMAN, WILLIAM BEN­ Organizations officially on record as op­ TON, and BLAIR MOODY) posed to major aspects of the McCarran bill that committee, signed minority views include the following: The National Cath­ sharply criticizing the pending bill. The so-called factual resume of pending immigration legislation issued from the olic Welfare Conference, the National Coun­ Finally, Mr. President, five members office of Senator McCARRAN is inaccurate and cil of Catholic Women, the Catholic Com­ of that committee, the Senator from misleading in major respects, presenting an mittee for Refugees, War Rellef Services, Na­ West Virginia [Mr. KILGORE), the Senator unfactual analysis of both the McCarran and tional Catholic Welfare Conference, the Na­ from Washington [Mr. MAGNUSON), the the Humphrey-Lehman bills. tional Council of Catholic Charities, the Friends Committee on National Legislation, Senator from New Jersey [Mr. HENDRICK~ The resume completely distorts the char­ soN], the Senator from Tennessee [Mr. acter, motives and inspiration of both the the Order of the Sons of Italy in America, sponsors of the Humphrey-Lehman bill and the American Veterans Committee, the As­ KEFAUVER], and the Senator from North sociation of Immigration and Nationality Dakota [Mr. LANGER], are among the the opposition to the McCarran bill. The resume states that a "certain radical Lawyers, Americans for Democratic Action, cosponsors of the Lehman-Humphrey group, which for many years has been dedi­ National Community Relations Advisory bill, S. 2433, the predecessor of the Hum­ cated to the destruction of our protective Council, American Jewish Committee, Anti­ phrey-Lehman bill, introduced on Octo­ immigration system took the McCarran­ defamation League of B'nai B'rith, Polish ber 20, 1951. No hearings were ever held Walter bill and with certain deletions and Legion of American Veterans, Czechoslovak on that measure either. additions caused it to be introduced in the National Council, Jewish Labor Committee, Senate as the handiwork of its sponsors." National Council of Jewish Women, National So, Mr. President, there is no ·ground Association for the Advancement of Colored for an assertion that the hearings held a This resume implied that the opposition of the McCarran bill is confined to small, iso­ People, Chinese American Citizens National year ago, on S. 716, make superfluous lated radical groups. Association, Lithuanian American Congress, United Service for New Americans, Hebrew the holding of hearings on the Hum­ This statement is not only wholly untrue, phrey-Lehman bill today or even, I make but it is an unfair, unwarranted, and un­ Immigrant Aid Society, National Council of bold to suggest, on the McCarran bill, Churches of Christ, National Lutheran Coun­ supportable reflection on the 13 Members of cil, New York City Council for Community the Senate who joined in introducing the s. 2550. Action, Indiana Council of Churches, Pol­ Mr. President, I should like to refer Humphrey-Lehman bill (Senators LANGER, BENTON, KILGORE, DoUGLAS, McMAHON, GREEN, ish Immigration Committee, International briefly at this point to a statement issued Ladies Garment Workers Union, Amalga­ by the office of the Senator from Nevada PASTORE, MOODY, MURRAY, KEFAUVER, MORSE, LEHMAN' AND HUMPHREY) as well as on the mated Clothing Workers, Administrative Law [Mr. McCARRAN] last week which carried four members of the Judiciary Committee Division of the American Bar Association, a strong attack on the motives, inspira­ American Friends Service Committee, Ameri­ who signed.a vigorous minority report in op­ can Fund for Czechoslovak Refugees, Inc., tion, and statements of the sponsors of position to the McCarran bill (Senators KE­ the Humphrey-Lehman bill. That at­ American National Committee To Aid Home­ FAUVER, KILGORE, MAGNUSON, AND LANGER), less Armenians, International Social Service, tack, at least by implication, was re­ The Humphrey-Lehman bill (S. 2842) was Inc., Lutheran Resettlement Service, United newed today, merely because 13 Sena­ drafted, in fact, by experts in the Office of Lithuanian Relief Fund of America, Inc., tors, all of whom I believe are in good the Legislative Counsel of the Senate, under United States Committee for the Care of standing and have the respect of the directions given by the Senate sponsors. European Children, Inc., the Protestant people of their States, differ with the This bill went through scores of redrafts Council of the City of New York (Brooklyn distinguished Senator from Nevada. made by the Senate sponsors, in the course division), the American Hellenic Veterans Merely because of that difference, of consultations and deliberations extending Association, the Common Council for Ameri­ over a period of many months. can Unity, the Synagogue Council of Amer­ merely because of the expression of our ica, the Jewish War Veterans of the United philosophy, it is implied that W9 lack There are over 400 differences between the McCarran bill and the Humphrey-Lehman States, Union of American Hebrew Congre­ patriotism and loyalty, and are seeking gations, the Congress of Industrial Organ­ to undermine the foundations of our bill. More than 200 amendments to the Mc­ izations, the United Automobile Workers country. It is a wrong and it is a das­ Carran bill have been introduced or are (CIO). tardly position to take on the floor of about to be introduced to reconcile only Prominent individuals who signed a re­ the Senate. It is one that I believe not the most glaring differences between the two cent advertisement in the New York Times only the sponsors of our bill have a right bills. (April 24, 1952), indicating unqualified op­ The Humphrey-Lehman omnibus bill in position to the McCarran bill, and support to resent but which other Members of fact grew out of S. 2343 (the Lehman-Hum­ of the Humphrey-Lehman bill, and the or­ the Senate will also resent. phrey-Short bill) which has been pending ganizations with which these individuals Mr. President, I have referred to the before the Judiciary Committee since Octo­ - are affiliated are as follows: statement which was issued by the office ber 20, 1951, and which was drafted by the Mrs. Arthur Forrest Anderson, president, of the Senator from Nevada, which re­ Senate sponsors over a period of almost a National ·Board of the YWCA. flects on the motives of the sponsors of year in consultation with scores of organiza­ Luigi Antonini, president, Italian-Ameri­ the Humphrey-Lehman bill. A reply to tions representing every religious faith and can Labor Council. Richard Balch, president, Horrocks-Ibbot­ that statement was issued by some of us every group interested in immigration mat­ son Co., Utica, N. Y. over the week end. ters. Fifteen Senators co-sponsored this bill Peter L. Bell, supreme president, Order of Mr. President, I ask unanimous con­ (S. 2343), including five members of the Ju­ AHEPA. sent that the statement issued by the diciary Committee (Senators LANGER, KIL­ Adolf A. Berle, Jr. Senator from Minnesota [Mr. HUM­ GORE, KEFAUVER, MAGNUSON, and HENDRICK­ Mary McLeod Bethune. PHREY], the Senator from Connecticut SON). S. 2842 is S. 2343; in an omnibus Walter Bieringer, president, United Serv­ [Mr. BENTON], the Senator from Mich­ framework, codifying immigration and natu­ ice for New Americans. igan [Mr. MOODY], and by me be printed ralization law, while strengthening and hu­ Jacob Blaustein, president, American Jew­ manizing present law. ish Committee. in the RECORD at this point as a part of The organizations, on the basis of whose James Carey, CIO. It my remarks. is a long statement and recommendations and views S. 2343 was Thomas Carey, ~ew York regional Director, a very interesting one. I shall not take drafted and with whom consultations were International Association of Machinists. the time of the Senate to read it. I ask Mrs. Eunice Carter. held in the drafting of S. 2842 include the Dr. Jose N. Cesteros, president, Puerto that Members of the Senate, to each of following: Association of Immigration and whom a copy of the statement has been Rican-Spanish Organizations. Nationality Lawyers, Hebrew Immigrant Aid George Chintong, president, Chinese­ sent, take the trouble to read it. If they Society, International Rescue Committee, American Citizens National Association. will read it carefully they will find it not Jewish Labor Committee, National Catholic Dr. Albert D. Coe, president, Massachu­ only interesting but illuminating. Rural Life Conference, National Catholic setts Congr~gational Conference. 1952 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 5105 Dr. George S. Counts, director of Founda­ Walt~r White, executive secretary, Na­ in the opinion of the Attorney General, tions of Education, Teachers College, Co­ tional Association for the Advancement of might at any time in the future, become lumbia University. Colored People. a public charge (sec. 212 (a) (15) ). This Frank Crosswaith, chairman, Negro Laboi:: Roy Wilkins, administrator, National As­ is exclusion by sheer and naked predic­ Committee. sociation for the Advancement of Colored tion. Morris Cukor, president, Hungarian-Amer­ People. 6. The McCarran bill authorizes any con­ ican Clubs. Rabbi Joel Zion, Tc:nple Emanuel, Denver, sul--or any immigration inspector-to re­ Dr. Robert Cummins, general superintend­ Colo. fuse a visa. or to exclude any alien who in ent, Universalist Church of America. (Organizations are listed for purposes of the opinion of the consul or in the opinion Helen Gahagan Douglas. identification only.) of the Attorney General might at any time Maurice N. Eisendrath, president, Union The summary from Senator McCARRAN's in the future, join a. Communist-front or­ of American Hebrew Congregations. office of "what the McCarran-Walter bill ganization (sec. 212 (a) (29) ). This again Mrs. Katharine A. Engel, president, Na­ does" is misleading by omission. The Mc­ is exclusion by prediction. tional Council of Jewish Women. Carran bill does, in fact, accomplish some 7. The McCarran bill authorizes the de­ Aloysius C. Falussy, director, American few desirable purposes which the Humphrey­ portation of any alien who, after entering Hungarian Federation. Lehman bill does either equally well or much the United States, has a nervous breakdown Lloyd K. Garrison. better. But intertwined with the desirable and is hospitalized, if the breakdown occurs Harold J. Gibbons, secretary-treasurer, provisions in the McCarran bill are scores within 5 years after his entry into the United Teamsters Local 688 ( AFL) . of provisions which would, among many States (sec. 241 (a) (3)). It doesn't matter Paul Ginsburg, national commander, Jew­ other things, (1) effectively strangle immi­ whether the mental breakdown occurred be­ ish War Veterans of the United States of gration, except in a few narrowly restricted cause of factors arising after the alien's America. categories; (2) vest new and arbitrary pow­ entry into the United States. It doesn't Frank Goldman. ers for exclusion and deportation in the matter whether the alien enters a private Dr. Israel Goldstein, president, American hands of administrative officers; (3) create institution and pays for his own hospital­ Jewish Congress. new discriminations between native-born ization. It doesn't matter whether the alien Lester Granger. and naturalized American citizens; (4) es­ can completely recover and brcome a healthy, John Grigalus, vice president, Lithuanian tablish scores of new, vague, and tyrannical vigorous, and useful memoer of the com­ American Council. · grounds for exclusion and deportation en­ munity. Prof. William Haber, University of Michi­ tirely beyond those necessary to screen out 8. The McCarran bill establishes 20 new gan. and deport subversives, criminals, and other grounds for deportation and makes all these Oscar Handlin, professor of history, Har- undesirables; and (5) make our immigration grounds retroactive. An alien can _be de­ vard University. policies a source of international discord and ported for acts in the past, acts which, when Earl G. Harrison. recrimination instead of a. contribution to he committed them, were not grounds for Adolph Held, chairman, Jewish Labor Com- peace a.nd good will. deportation (sec. 241 (d) ). mittee. These are only a. very, very few of the Dr. Clarence Holmes, president, Cosmo- Eere are Just a few of the specific things, among many others, the McCarran bill does: scores of unreasonable provisions in the politan Club, Denver, Colo. 1. It fixes permanently into law the present McCarran bill. Lewis Hoskins, executive secretary, Amer­ The resume from Senator McCAB.RAN'S ican Friends Service Committee. wastage of almost two-thirds of the present quotas which go unused because they are office sets forth at great length certain al­ Steven J. Jarema, executive director, leged misrepresentations concerning the Ukrainian-American Congress. assigned. to countries like Great Britain whose nationals do not want to emigrate to McCarran-Walter bill. The answers made Alvin Johnson, president emeritus, New by the resume to these alleged misrepre- School for Social Research. the United States (sec. 202). Instead of re­ assigning the unused quotas to worthy refu­ - sentations are in themselves highly mis­ Horace Kallen. leading; the resume is defamatory in im­ Irving Kane, chairman, National Com­ gees from the Communist terror and to de­ plying that statements made by the spon­ munity Relations Advisory Council. sirable aliens from surplus-population coun­ tries like Italy, Greece, Western Germany, sors of this legislation have been taken from Prof. James B. Kelley, Hofstra College. or are in any way associated with statements John F. Kelley, secretary, Bar Tenders etc.. the McCarran bill discards the unused quota numbers (sec. 201 (c), (d); sec. 207). made in the Communist Dally Worker. Union, Local 70. James Kerney, Jr., editor, Trenton (N. J.) 2. The McCarran bill looks backward to Although Senator MCCARRAN's office may know what is published in the Daily Worker, Times. 1920 and uses our population of 30 years ago Mary Kizis, director, Lithuanian Informa­ as the basis for computing quotas today (sec. the sponsors of this legislation do not find time to read what this scurrilous publica­ tion Center. 201). Simon G. Kramer, president, Synagogue 3. The McCarran bill bars aged parents tion contains. Council of America. and grandparents of American citizens from Some of the sponsors of the Humphrey­ Prof. John J. Mahoney. entering the United States, unless the par­ Lehman bill have said, in fact, that the George L. Mark, national commander of ents and grandparents in question can pass McCarran bill would exclude aliens con­ Polish Legion of American Veterans. a literacy test (sec. 212 (a) (25)). Even un­ victed by Nazi, Communist, or Fascist courts. Joseph Mosko. der present law, aged parents and grandpar­ This is true (sec. 212 (a) (10)). While the Dwight Palmer. ents of United States citizens are exempted McCarran bill does exempt crimes of a Clarence E. Pickett, American Friends from the literacy test. purely political nature, Cardinal Mindszenty, Service Committee. 4. The McCarran bill authorizes the depor­ of Hungary, for instance, was convicted by Fortune Pope. tation of any alien who at any time while in the Communist courts of that land for ille­ Alex Rose, president, United Hat, Cap and the United States-it may have been 30 or gal speculation and illegal dealings in for­ Millinery International Union (AFL). 40 years ago-is convicted of "any criminal eign currency. These are not political Harold Russell, former national com­ offense." Every offense is included. It could crimes. The cardinal and other framed vic­ mander, AMVETS. be reckless driving or violating a. municipal tims of iron-curtain persecution could be Arthur Schlesinger, Sr., professor of his­ antinoise ordinance. If the Attorney Gen­ barred from entering the United States tory, Harvard University. eral feels that an alien is undesirable, for under the McCarran bill. Steven S. Scopas, Order of AHEPA. whatever reason, and the alien has been con­ The resume from Senator McCARRAN's Of• Dr. D.R. Sharpe, executive director, Cleve­ victed of any offense at any time in the past, fice implies that racial restrictions are lift­ land Baptist Association. no matter how long ago, he is authorized to ed in the McCarran bill. The McCarran Dr. Leonard Simutis, president, Lithua­ be deported (sec. 241 (a) ( 4) ) . There are bill, in fact, provides that any person of any nian-American Council. simply enormous numbers of aliens-and, nationality who can trace as much as 50 George J. Sptauzza, supreme venerable, indeed, citizens in the United States-who percent of his ancestry to the "Asiatic-Pa­ Order Sons of Italy in America. have been convicted of some relatively in­ cific triangle" is to be charged to an Asiatic­ Michael Straight, national chairman, nocuous "criminal offense" at some time in Pacific quota rather than to the quota of American Veterans' Committee. their lives. Each time a man is convicted the country of his actual birth (sec. 202 (b) Anna Lord Strauss. of spilling garbage on the street, blocking a ( 4) ) . There is no similar restriction for Samuel A. Telsey, president, Hebrew Immi­ sidewalk, of speeding, perhaps even illegal any European, African, Australian, or South grant Aid Society. parking, he is guilty of a "criminal offense." American, or any other so-called race. If John S. Thompson, president, Mutual Ben­ This provision would, for all practical pur­ that is not a racial restriction, what is it? efit Life Insurance Co., Newark, N. J. poses, authorize the Attorney General to im­ The resume from Senator McCARRAN'S of­ Andrew Valuchek, vice president, Czecho­ pose at will the eentence of eXile from the fice, in the section "What the Humphrey­ slovak National Council. United States on almost any and all aliens Lehman bill does" completely misstates Rev. 0. Walter Wagner, executive director, if the Attorney General for any reason feels what the Humphrey-Lehman bill does. Of Metropolitan Church Federation of Greater that they are undesirable. course, the sponsors of the Humphrey-Leh­ St. Louis. 5. The McCarran blli authorizes any con­ man bill (S. 2842) have vainly asked Sena­ Ossip Walinsky, international president, sul to refuse a. visa, or any immigration tor McCARRAN for a. hearing on S. 2842. This International Handbag, Luggage, Belt and inspector to turn back at Ellis Island-any request has not been granted. Thus S. 2842 Novelty Workers Union (AFL). alien who, in the opinion of the consul or is not the issue. The McCarran bill 1s the 5106 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE May 13 issue. But we feel that the Humphrey-Leh­ ment of a Visa Review Board and a st~tutory the provisions of the McCarran bill are man bill is sound, safe, and forward-looking Board of Immigration Appeals. unsound, unjust, and contrary to the legislation. All the above are merely samples of points interests of the Nation and the high tra­ S. 2842 (the Humphrey-Lehman bill) in­ which we propose to make in the course of ditions it has followed for more than a cludes many new safeguards and restric­ the debate on the McCarran bill. Our pur­ tions against subversives, criminals and un­ pose is to demonstrate the shortcomings and century and a half. desirable elements. It contains in many re­ dangers of the McCarran bill, and to em­ Undoubtedly we shall move to recom­ spects exactly the same safeguards and re­ phasize the desirability of enacting sound mit the McCarran bill, which is the only strictions as the McCarran bill, but does not and practical provisions such as those con­ bill before the Senate at the present time, include those McCarran bill restrictions tained in the pigeonholed Humphrey-Leh­ with instructions to the committee to which are aimed at, not the subversives or man bill. hold hearings on that bill, as well as on criminals or undesirables, but as aliens whom In any event, the final decision will not the Humphrey-Lehman bill. individual consuls or immigration inspec­ be made by press release, but by vote of the tors might desire, from whim, caprice, or Senate. A sound decision cannot be reached If that motion is rejected, we may vague and undefined reasons, to exclude or by appeals to passion or prejudice, or by cast­ bring up many of our proposed amend­ deport. ing unworthy reflections on the motives or ments, because they will be our only re­ The resume says that the Humphrey-Leh­ character of the opponents of the McCarran course in at least curing some of the evils man bill would bring into this country one bill or of the sponsors of the Humphrey-Leh­ o~ the McCarran bill. However, that and a half million aliens and 600,000 Ori­ man bill. will not be done for the purpose of en­ entals from the Western Hemisphere. This Mr. LEHMAN. Mr. President, I re­ gaging in a filibuster. I resent the state­ is sheer nonsense. fer at this point to the statement issued ment that we shall engage in a filibuster The Humphrey-Lehman bill authorizes the for I can give assurance to my felloV.: admission, in fact, of approximately 220,000 by four of the sponsors of the Humphrey­ individuals annually under the quota sys­ Lehman bill because the statement is­ Senators, as I have on many other occa­ tem and another 30,000 outside the quota sued by the office of the Senator from sions, that neither now nor at any other system, although the latter figure is neces­ Nevada set forth, without regard to fact, time shall we pursue a course of fili­ sarily an estimate. that the Humphrey-Lehman bill was the buster, save for the purpose of bringing The fact-if it is a fact--that there are same as the McCarran-Walter bill, and home to the American people and to the 600,000 Orientals in Latin America who are then the words were used, "with a few Members of the Senate the facts in con­ native to the Western Hemisphere has no deletions and additions." If this were nection with any proposed legislation. bearing on the number who could enter the Whether our amendments will be United States under the severe restrictions true, I would not understand the vigor and qualifications contained in the Hum­ and violence with which the distin­ called up depends, in large measure, on phrey-Lehman bill. guished Senator from Nevada has at­ the disposition of the Senate. It would There are more than 150,000,000 people in tacked the Humphrey-Lehman bill, de­ be difficult, I must admit, to give careful the Western Hemisphere· who are today, un­ spite the fact that it is not the pending and studied consideration to each one of der existing law, admissible into the United measure and is not unfortunately, at the these amendments. Yet each of them­ States outside the quota limits. Yet, only a moment, before the Senate for action each of these vital differences between few thousand actually come in under our at all. the McCarran bill and the position taken present restrictions. The Humphrey-Leh­ In fact, it must be obvious to the Sen­ by its opponents-deserves the careful man bill would, in fact, tighten up those re­ study of the Senate. strictions as far as subversives, criminal ele­ ate that there are truly great and or­ ments, and other undesirables are concerned. ganic differences between the McCarran It is no exaggeration, Mr. President, to The spectacle of 600,000 Orientals flooding bill and the Humphrey-Lehman bill. say that if the Senate were to do its duty the United States is an absurd "bogey." There are even now on the desks of the by this bill, it would engage in a debate; The resume from Senator MCCARRAN'S of­ Senators more than a hundred amend­ not of days, but of weeks. Many of its fice asserts that the Humphrey-Lehman bill ments to the McCarran bill designed to provisions affect millions of people in adds several new quota classes of immigrants make some of the changes we deem es­ New York, Illinois, Michigan, California to include a potential several million aliens sential to take the jokers out of the om­ Wisconsin, Massachusetts, Texas, Ari~ of all races. In fact, the Humphrey-Lehman zona, Rhode Island, Connecticut-in­ bill grants nonquota status to parents of nibus measure as well as to remedy, in American citizens, to orphans brought in for part, the unreasonably restrictive fea­ deed, Mr. President, in the entire Nation. adoption, to aliens who have served in the tures of our present immigration laws. This is not only a bread-and-butter Armed Forces of the United States, and to Many more amendments have been pre­ bill, Mr. President; it is a life-or-death one or two other minor categories. (Sec. pared and will be submitted today. bill. The question of life is involved for 101 (a) (26) .) The total number so cov­ Mr. President, I listened with amaze­ hundreds of thousands, even millions, of ered could not exceed a few thousand, espe­ ment to the remarks of the Senator from aliens here and aliens abroad. The ques­ cially since all must qualify under all the tions of basic citizenship rights, civil lib­ restrictions and qualifications set forth in South Dakota [Mr. MUNDT] in which he the Humphrey-Lehman bill. implied or, rather, accused the sponsors erties, and the unity of families are in­ What the Humphrey-Lehman bill actually of the Humphrey-Lehman bill of offer­ volved in this so-called omnibus measure. does, in fact, is to make our present immigra­ ing amendments or doing other things It is not really an omnibus bill; it is a tion laws more humane by authorizing the for the purpose of causing a filibuster. caravan bill. In this bill there is a wagon full utilization of existing quotas, and by Mr. President, I said on the floor of the train of problems and dangers extending providing limited expansion of present Senate last Friday that a filibuster was as far as the eye can reach. I shall go quotas to take into consideration the in­ abhorrent to me, as I am quite certain into this matter in some detail in a few creased population of the United States. moments. (Sec. 201, 203 A.) The object is to allow the it is abhorrent to my fellow sponsors of United States to receive some of the refugees the Humphrey-Lehman bill. I hate fili­ That is why further hearings are nec­ from Communist terror who have fled the busters. I do not believe there is any essary. I do not feel that the hearings iron curtain countries and some of the justification for a filibuster. To kill a held on Senate bill 716 more than a year worthy and deserving people from surplus bill through delay is ·unjustifiable and ago justify a refusal to hold hearings on population countries like Italy, Greece, and reprehensible. I did say, and I repeat the McCarran bill today, not to speak of the Net.herlands. today, that we feel so strongly on this hearings on the Humphrey-Lehman bill. The Humphrey-Lehman bill makes our The situation today is quite different present immigration laws more equitable by subject and feel so thoroughly concerned tempering some of the hastily enacted pro­ for the interests of the people of the from that which existed a year ago. The visions of recent years which discriminate United States that we will take all the world picture has changed. We have an between naturalized and native-born citi­ time that is necessary to bring the issues increased awareness of the plight of the zens, which permit exclusion and deporta­ and the facts to the attention of the refugees in Europe and of the problem tion on unsubstantial grounds without American people and the Senate. I be­ of surplus population in northern, cen­ adequate review or appeal, and which con­ lieve that if we can make the American tral, and southern Europe. sequently crowd the oftlces of Members of people realize the ineqmty, unfairness, On March 24 the President sent to the Congress with appeals for intervention in behalf of aliens who have been refused visas and unwisdom of many of the provisions Congress a special message on this sub­ and for private bills in behalf of aliens who of the McCarran bill we will get their ject. That message emphasized the im­ have been ordered deported. support in ever-increasing number, al­ portance to our whole foreign policy, and Finally, the Humphrey-Lehman bill would though even today we have strong sup­ to the successful progress of the struggle provide for uniform administration of our port from them. I believe we can con­ against communism, of meeting the immigration laws through the establish- vince the I..fembers of the Senate that problem of the refugees and of surplus 1952 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE 5107 peoples in Europe. The President rec­ wlll be issued ahead of the June 30, 1952, curlty Act of 1951. This authority should ommended that a minimum of 100,000 dead line set by the Congress. be extended, and the Congress should make The job has been well done by the Dis­ provision for continuing our financial con­ additional persons be admitted each year placed Persons Commission and ot her coop­ tribution to this work for the next fiscal to the United States, as our contribution erating agencies of the Government. Much year. to the solution of this world problem. of the success of the program is due to the This is - of great importance, but much I ask unanimous consent. Mr. Presi­ vital work accomplished by private volun­ more needs to be done. dent that this message from the Presi­ tary agen cies, representing our major reli­ In the first place, specific aid and assist­ dent'of the United States may be printed gious faiths and nationality groups, and by ance should be provided for the people who the St ate commissions appointed by the gov­ are fleeing at the risk of their lives from at this point in the RECORD, as a part of ernors of 34 States. These organizat ions of Southern and Eastern Europe. These people my remarks. citizens have contributed their efforts and are Balts, Poles, Czechs, Slovaks, Hungarians, There being no objection, the message resources to resettling the greater part of the Bulgarians. Rumanians, Albanians, Ukraini­ was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, · displaced persons admitted to this country. ans, and Russians. as follows: Without them. and without the good Will These people face a desperate situation. To the Congress of the United States: and cooperative response of thousands of Not only do they arrive destitute, with only One of the gravest problems arising from American families and church groups, this what they can carry on their backs, but they the present world crisis is created by the great program could never have been carried find themselves in totally strange lands lan­ overpopulation in parts of Western ~ur-0 pe, out. among strange peoples .speaking strange aggravated by the flight and expulsion of Thus, by doing our own share and by act­ guages. The local authorities do not have people from the oppressed countries of East­ ing together with the other countries oI the adequate resources to care for them prop­ ern Europe. free world, we have been dealing successfully erly. These people need better care wh en This problem is of great practical impor­ wit h the major dislocations caused by Hit­ they first arrive and they need assistance if tance to us because it affects the peace and ler's policies of brutality and aggression. they are to move on and reset tle elsewhere. security of the free world. It is also of great But the movement of large masses of dis­ The miserable conditions in which these concern to us, because of our long-estab­ tressed people across international bound­ fugitives from communism find themselves, lished humanitarian traditions. The Con­ aries is by no means over. Commuriist tyr­ and their present inability to emigrate to gress has recognized the importance of this anny has taken up where Hitler's brutality new homes and start new lives, lead inevita­ problem and has already enacted some legis­ left off. We are, -therefore, now turning our bly to despair. Their disillusionment is lation to help meet it. I ask the Congress attention to the innocent and unhappy vic­ being effectively exploited by Communist to give early and favorable consideration to tims of Communist oppression. propaganda. These men and womel!. are additional legislation to make more adequate Throughout the Soviet-dominated area friends of freedom. They include able and provision for meeting this situation. of Central and Eastern Europe, the Commu­ courageous fighters against communism. nist regimes are increasing their repressive They ask only for an opportunity to play a Specifically, I ask Congress to authorize measures. Some of the enslaved people are useful role in the fight for freedom. It is a program that will- managing to escape to the West. Some the responsibility of the free world to atford 1. Provide aid for the unfortunate victims fifteen to twenty thousand Germans are them this opportunity. of oppression who are escaping from Com­ slipping ·over the border from the Soviet The need is well recognized, both in Eu­ munist tyranny behind the iron curtain; zone of Germany and crossing into Western rope and in this country. Private welfare 2. Continue our participation in the inter­ Germany every month. From the Commu­ organizations of American citizens, Prates~ national etfort now being made to assist in nist countries to the south and east the tant, Catholic, and Jewish, have been work­ the migration and resettlement throughout movement to free Europe is much smaller, ing hard to help these people. Last year, the world of a substantial number of per­ but still they come, at the risk of their these organizations spent substantial sons from the overpopulated areas of West­ lives, past border guards and through mine amounts for their care and resettlement. ern Europe; and fields. There are about 18,000 of these peo­ These organizations will continue their ef'." 3. Authorize additional immigration into ple already west of the iron curtain, and forts this year. But the need is greater than this country, on a limited basis, to aid in they are <.oming in at the rate of about they can handle. alleviating the problems created by Com­ 1,000 a month. First of all, these fugitives from com­ munist tyranny and overpopulation in West­ The people in all these groups come into munism need supplemental care and mainte­ ern Europe. areas where, for the most part, the local nance after they arrive in Western Europe. The solution to these problems cannot, and economy is unable to support the population Local governments and private ·relief or­ should not, be the responsibility of any one already there. Western Germany, for exam­ ganizations give a minimum amount of this nation. It is an international responsibil­ ple, is overcrowded with almost 9,000,000 type of aid, but their resources are inade­ ity-an integral part of the world crisis people of German ethnic origin who were quate. Additional food, better shelter, cloth­ which the free nations must meet together. driven there from Eastern Europe after the ing, medical care, legal advice, and other It demands the cooperative etforts of all in­ war. Trieste, which is receiving many of kinds of material assistance are needed. terested countries. But a real solution can those escaping from the satellites, is badly These people also need assistance in financ­ be found only if the United States does its overcrowded. Italy is struggling with very ing overseas transportation. The new in­ part. We have done our part in the past­ serious problems of overpopulation and ls ternational migration organization and the we must not falter now. urgently trying to resettle large numbers of American private relief agencies can and do World Warn left in its wake a tremendous its people overseas. Greece faces great diffi­ help with this, but a concerted effort is upheaval of populations in the countries of culty in absorbing the refugees of Greek needed to give these people an equal op­ Europe. To meet the situation, this country origin who are being driven out of the Bal­ portunity to share in the migration pro­ took the lead in establishing the Interna­ kan satellites by the Communists. Thus, gram. At present, because of inadequate re­ tional Refugee Organization, which provided the brutal policies of Soviet tyranny are ag­ sources, it is these fugitives from commu­ care and protection for displaced persons and gravating overcrowded conditions which are nism who have the greatest difficulty in ar­ made possible the migration of more than already a danger to the stability of these free ranging for overseas migration. If funds 1,000,000 of them to 48 countries throughout nations. were provided, and an adequate administra­ the free world. This, in general terms, is the nature of the tive organization set up, these people would As our own contribution to the common problem that now confronts free Europe. have a better chance to migrate. etfort, the Congress in 1948 extended the Dis­ The Congress is aware of the importance I am convinced that we must help these placed Persons Act and subsequently amend­ of this problem for the free world and the people. Therefore, acting under the author­ ed and extended it. Both the Congress and security of the United States. Congressional ity of the Mutual Security Act of l!IBl, I am the American people have every right to be enactments and appropriations recently en­ authorizing the Director for Mutual Securit y proud of the achievements made under this abled the United St&tes to take the lead in to go forward with a limited program of as­ farsighted humanitarian legislation. establishing the Provisional Intergovern­ sistance in this fiscal year. Four million The Displaced Persons Act is now approach­ mental Committee for the Movement of three hundred thousand dollars will be allo­ ing the termination date fixed by the Con­ Migrants from Europe, which 17 governments cated for this purpose. This program will gress. When operations under this law have have already Joined. This organization ls help alleviate the condition of these peo­ been finished almost 400,000 victims of tyr­ already at work providing overseas trans­ ple in the countries to which they escape and anny ·wm have been resettled in the United portation for migrants from areas of over­ will enable many of them to move out of Eu­ population to lands where more people are rope. The funds that are being made avail­ States. The first major phase of the program nee