DOCSLIB.ORG

The Phoenicians

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Phoenicians The Times of the Old Testament Marshall High School Mr. Cline Western Civilization I: Ancient Foundations Unit Two DC * The Kingdoms of the Bible Lands • Historical Interpretation of Jewish Texts • Modern historians are at odds as to what to make of the Torah. • On the one hand, there is no evidence that the Hebrew people were ever in Egypt; and though the Hebrews attributed these books to Moses, modern scholars have identified as many as four different authors of the Torah. • On the other hand, the authors of the Torah were still quite ancient, some of them dating back as far as 900 BC; and while the Torah's account might not be accurate from a strictly historical perspective, it certainly tells us a great deal about the ancient Hebrews and their beliefs. • There is less ambiguity about some of the later books in the Tanakh. • The Nevi'im, or books of prophets, recount the history of the Jewish people after entering the Promised Land. • Unlike the Torah, many of these stories can be backed up with archaeological evidence. * The Kingdoms of the Bible Lands • Historical Interpretation of Jewish Texts • For instance, the book of Joshua records the conquest of Israel under the leadership of Moses' successor, Joshua. • The account mentions several cities that archaeologists have since uncovered, including the famous walled city of Jericho, which remains one of the oldest walled cities we've ever found, though we've yet to find any trumpets. • The books of Samuel and Kings record the ascent of the first kings of Israel (Saul, David and Solomon), and there is evidence that King David at least might have actually existed. • Several books of the Nevi'im record the oppression of the Hebrews by various peoples, pretty much all of whom have been matched to real civilizations, whose own records often validate the Hebrew account. * The Kingdoms of the Bible Lands • The Jewish People: A History of Oppression • Between the books of the Nevi'im and the efforts of modern archaeologists, we know that the Hebrews fell under the control of many empires over the years, including the Babylonians, Assyrians, Philistines, Moabites, Syrians and Romans. • Some of these conquerors were quite intent on wiping out the Hebrew people and their faith. • Both the Assyrians and Babylonians made a practice of relocating conquered peoples from their homelands into somewhere deep within the empire. • By doing so, they hoped to break down those people's cultural identity and assimilate them as Assyrians or Babylonians. • Yet, the faith and identity of the Hebrews withstood these attempts. • The Hebrews considered these periods of oppression and captivity as God's punishment for their disobedience. * The Kingdoms of the Bible Lands • The Jewish People: A History of Oppression • They maintained their faith despite the best efforts of their oppressors. • In a time when so many other faiths and peoples were absorbed into great empires, the survival of the Hebrews and their faith as a distinct people is actually quite remarkable. • The persistence of the Jewish faith can be directly attributed to the factors we noted at the beginning of this lesson. • The Hebrews had one God and refused to worship the gods of their conquerors. • The Hebrews refused to conform to the society of their conquerors. • Their steadfast faith in a single God kept their religion untainted, and their refusal to marry non- Jews helped them maintain their ethnic identity. * The Kingdoms of the Bible Lands • The Jewish People: A History of Oppression • Yet, most importantly, the Jews had a holy book containing all the wisdom, laws and beliefs of their culture. • While other, less literate religions might change with the times, the Jewish religion was preserved in writing. • The Impact of Jewish Oppression on the Modern World • Yet, this constant oppression did not leave Judaism totally unchanged. We can see its mark in the continued Jewish desire to reclaim their homeland, a movement known today as Zionism. • We can read the tale of oppression in Jewish rituals, like the Passover Seder, commemorating their slavery in Egypt, and the Hanukkah menorah, which recalls the Jewish revolt against the Seleucid Empire. * The Kingdoms of the Bible Lands • The Impact of Jewish Oppression on the Modern World • Yet, perhaps the clearest impact of oppression upon the Jews is the Jewish prophesy of the Messiah, a savior who would rescue the Jews from oppression and restore them to the glory God promised Abraham so long ago. • In the beginning of the Common Era, many Jews thought they'd found their Messiah in Jesus and established the Christian religion. • Later, the peoples of the Arabian Peninsula would further adapt the Jewish faith to found Islam. • Yet, the majority of Jews remained true to the original covenant between God and Abraham, preserving the ancient faith of Judaism to this day. * The Kingdoms of the Bible Lands • United under a single monarch, King Saul, the Israelites slowly conquered their neighbors; Canaanites, Hittites and Philistines. • By 1004 BC, Saul's successor, King David, had carved out the borders of the kingdom of Israel and established Jerusalem as its capital. David's son, King Solomon the Wise, built an amazing temple to hold the Ark of the Covenant. • After centuries of wandering, the Ark finally had a home. • Yet stability would prove short-lived. • Around 950 BC, ten of the twelve tribes of Israel rebelled against their extravagant kings, breaking the kingdom in two. • To the north, the ten tribes formed the Kingdom of Israel, while to the south, Solomon's dynasty continued to rule the Kingdom of Judah. • This division could not have come at a worse time, for it left the Israelites vulnerable to the new empires emerging to the east. * The Kingdoms of the Bible Lands • The Hebrews had been fortunate that their rise to statehood had taken place during a time of weakness for Egypt and Mesopotamia, however this period came to an end in 924 B.C. when the Egyptian Pharaoh Shoshenq invaded and imposed tribute on Israel and Judah. • In the next century, both kingdoms were rebellious vassals of Assyria. Israel was destroyed in 722, but Judah survived for about another 150 years longer. • In the next century, both kingdoms were rebellious vassals of Assyria. Israel was destroyed in 722, but Judah survived for about another 150 years, when the Babylonians captured it (The Babylonian Captivity), tore down the temple, and deported the inhabitants to Mesopotamia. • This began a 3,000 year period in the Jewish history where the search for a homeland for Jewish people began, and the Jewish people were scattered across the globe. This is known as the Jewish Diaspora * The Phoenicians • One of the first great seafaring peoples of history, the Phoenicians pioneered trade routes across the Mediterranean, creating new links between Europe and the Near East. Their voyages of exploration may have taken them as far as the British Isles and tropical Africa. • The Phoenicians were descended from the Canaanites, a Semitic speaking people who inhabited the Levant during the Bronze Age • Although they were mostly under the domination of Egypt, and never formed any large states of their own, they have a major place in history because of what you read here (they invented the alphabet) • As it was much easier to learn than other early writing systems, such as Egyptian hieroglyphics and Mesopotamian cuneiform, it made possible the growth of literacy that is the foundation of western civilization • The homeland of the Phoenicians was the coast of modern Lebanon and Syria, where there are the best natural harbors in the eastern Mediterranean. Small ports began to develop here in around 2000 B.C. trading cedar, wood, ivory and purple dye with Egypt and Mesopotamia * The Phoenicians • The purple dye was obtained from the murex shellfish, and was such an important export that it probably gave the Phoenicians their names, derived from the Greek word for red (phoinix) • The Phoenicians established trading colonies throughout the Mediterranean and possibly even in coastal Europe, where they may have been the cause of the break off from Proto German from the Proto Indo European language • These colonies became independent city states, ruled by hereditary kings, like Hiram of Tyre, who supplied King Solomon with the timber craftsmen necessary to build the Temple in Jerusalem. But, by the 6th century B.C., these cities had changed their government to rule by elected magistrates. • The most important of these colonies/ city states was Carthage in northern Africa (modern day Tunisia) • The Phoenicians travels were very influential on the Greeks who adopted their alphabet, and much of their religion, and learned and traded with the outside world through them * The Phoenicians • In the 8th century, the explosive growth of the Assyrian empire and its demand for metals and exotic products, led to the increase and farther travels of the Phoenicians, but also led to the domination of them by the Assyrians who regulated their trade and exacted high tributes for the privilege of trading. • After the fall of the Assyrian empire, Phoenicia first passed to control under Babylon, and then Persian control before being conquered by the Greeks and becoming Hellenized, losing their distinctive cultural identity. • 2 Chronicles 2:14—The son of a woman of the daughters of Dan, and his father [was] a man of Tyre, skillful to work in gold, silver, brass, iron, stone, timber, royal purple(from the Murex), blue, and in crimson, and fine linens; also to grave any manner of graving, and to find out every device which shall be put to him... * The Phoenicians • Many of the fraternal societies of the 19th century, including the freemasons, trace their origins to the Knights Templar, whose headquarters, while Jerusalem was the capital of an European Christian kingdom, was Solomon’s temple.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 1) Meeting Your Bible 2) Discussing the Bible (Breakout Rooms for 10
    Wednesday Wellspring: A Bible Study for UU’s (part 1) Bible Study 101: Valuable Information for Serious Students taught by Keith Atwater, American River College worksheet / discussion topics / study guide 1) Meeting Your Bible What is your Bible’s full title, publisher, & publication date? Where did you get your Bible? (source, price, etc.) What’s your Bible like? (leather cover, paperback, old, new, etc.) Any Gospels words in red? What translation is it? (King James, New American Standard, Living Bible, New International, etc.) Does your Bible include Apocrypha?( Ezra, Tobit, Maccabees, Baruch) Preface? Study Aids? What are most common names for God used in your edition? (Lord, Jehovah, Yahweh, God) The Bible in your hands, in book form, with book titles, chapter and verse numbers, page numbers, in a language you can read, at a reasonably affordable price, is a relatively recent development (starting @ 1600’s). A Bible with cross-references, study aids, footnotes, commentary, maps, etc. is probably less than 50 years old! Early Hebrew (Jewish) Bible ‘books’ (what Christians call the Old Testament) were on 20 - 30 foot long scrolls and lacked not only page numbers & chapter indications but also had no punctuation, vowels, and spaces between words! The most popular Hebrew (Jewish) Bible @ the time of Jesus was the “Septuagint” – a Greek translation. Remember Alexander the Great conquered the Middle East and elsewhere an “Hellenized’ the ‘Western world.’ 2) Discussing the Bible (breakout rooms for 10 minutes. Choose among these questions; each person shares 1. Okay one bullet point to be discussed, but please let everyone say something!) • What are your past experiences with the Bible? (e.g.
    [Show full text]
  • The Secular Music of the Yemenite Jews As an Expression of Cultural Demarcation Between the Sexes
    JASO 27/2 (1996): 113-135 THE SECULAR MUSIC OF THE YEMENITE JEWS AS AN EXPRESSION OF CULTURAL DEMARCATION BETWEEN THE SEXES MARILYN HERMAN JEWISH men and women in Yemen are portrayed in the sociological and anthropo­ logical literature as having lived in separate conceptual and spatial worlds. As a result, two very separate bodies of song existed, one pertaining to men and the other to women. In this paper, I show how the culturally defined demarcation be­ tween the sexes is reflected and epitomized in the music of the Jews who lived in Yemen. i The key to this separation lies in the fact that women were banned from the synagogue altogether. This exclusion is not prescribed by Jewish law, and there is no precedent for it in the Bible or other Jewish literature or communities. The reason given for women being banned from the synagogue in Yemen was the fear that they might be menstruating. The condition of menstruation is, in Jewish law, This paper is based on my MA thesis (Herman 1985), which was written under the supervision and with the moral and academic support of Dr P. T. W. Baxter of Manchester University. My brother Geoffrey Herman willingly and painstakingly translated Hebrew articles into English for my benefit while I was writing this thesis. I. The period mainly referred to is the fifty years or so preceding 'Operation Magic Carpet', a series of airlifts between 1949 and 1950 in which the majority of Yemenite Jews were taken to Israel. 114 Marilyn Herman seen as ritually impure.
    [Show full text]
  • ARTICLES Israel's Migration Balance
    ARTICLES Israel’s Migration Balance Demography, Politics, and Ideology Ian S. Lustick Abstract: As a state founded on Jewish immigration and the absorp- tion of immigration, what are the ideological and political implications for Israel of a zero or negative migration balance? By closely examining data on immigration and emigration, trends with regard to the migration balance are established. This article pays particular attention to the ways in which Israelis from different political perspectives have portrayed the question of the migration balance and to the relationship between a declining migration balance and the re-emergence of the “demographic problem” as a political, cultural, and psychological reality of enormous resonance for Jewish Israelis. Conclusions are drawn about the relation- ship between Israel’s anxious re-engagement with the demographic problem and its responses to Iran’s nuclear program, the unintended con- sequences of encouraging programs of “flexible aliyah,” and the intense debate over the conversion of non-Jewish non-Arab Israelis. KEYWORDS: aliyah, demographic problem, emigration, immigration, Israel, migration balance, yeridah, Zionism Changing Approaches to Aliyah and Yeridah Aliyah, the migration of Jews to Israel from their previous homes in the diaspora, was the central plank and raison d’être of classical Zionism. Every stream of Zionist ideology has emphasized the return of Jews to what is declared as their once and future homeland. Every Zionist political party; every institution of the Zionist movement; every Israeli government; and most Israeli political parties, from 1948 to the present, have given pride of place to their commitments to aliyah and immigrant absorption. For example, the official list of ten “policy guidelines” of Israel’s 32nd Israel Studies Review, Volume 26, Issue 1, Summer 2011: 33–65 © Association for Israel Studies doi: 10.3167/isr.2011.260108 34 | Ian S.
    [Show full text]
  • The Babylonian Captivity ( 1520 ) Erik Herrmann
    The Babylonian Captivity ( 1520 ) Erik Herrmann Lutheran Quarterly, Volume 34, Number 1, Spring 2020, pp. 71-81 (Article) Published by Johns Hopkins University Press DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/lut.2020.0002 For additional information about this article https://muse.jhu.edu/article/751529 [ This content has been declared free to read by the pubisher during the COVID-19 pandemic. ] COMMENT: ANOTHER QUINCENTENNIAL The Babylonian Captivity (1520) by Erik Herrmann y the waters of Babylon we sit down and weep, when we “Bremember thee, O Zion. On the willows there we hang up our lyres” (Ps. 137:1). Overcome with grief, Israel could not sing for their captors. They were at a loss for words. Apparently this was not a problem for Luther. Luther would sing—he would sing high and loud and the captors would know that there still was a God in Israel. “I know another little song about Rome and the Romanists. If their ears are itching to hear it, I will sing that one to them, too—and pitch it in the highest key!” Babylon was a powerful trope. The Apocalypse made it a symbol of all the decadence and prolificacy of the kingdoms of the earth, that wicked harlot of the world. In the City of God, Augustine had identified it with the worldliness of the city of man which was also epitomized by pagan Rome. Petrarch, disgusted by the worldliness of the papacy in Avignon and the consequent influence of the French crown on the Roman church, called to mind the ancient Chal- dean captivity so that Avignon was the new “Babylon of the west,” holding the rest of the church hostage to its excesses.
    [Show full text]
  • Migration of Jews to Palestine in the 20Th Century
    Name Date Migration of Jews to Palestine in the 20th Century Read the text below. The Jewish people historically defined themselves as the Jewish Diaspora, a group of people living in exile. Their traditional homeland was Palestine, a geographic region on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea. Jewish leaders trace the source of the Jewish Diaspora to the Roman occupation of Palestine (then called Judea) in the 1st century CE. Fleeing the occupation, most Jews immigrated to Europe. Over the centuries, Jews began to slowly immigrate back to Palestine. Beginning in the 1200s, Jewish people were expelled from England, France, and central Europe. Most resettled in Russia and Eastern Europe, mainly Poland. A small population, however, immigrated to Palestine. In 1492, when King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella expelled all Jewish people living in Spain, some refugees settled in Palestine. At the turn of the 20th century, European Jews were migrating to Palestine in large numbers, fleeing religious persecution. In Russia, Jewish people were segregated into an area along the country’s western border, called the Pale of Settlement. In 1881, Russians began mass killings of Jews. The mass killings, called pogroms, caused many Jews to flee Russia and settle in Palestine. Prejudice against Jews, called anti-Semitism, was very strong in Germany, Austria-Hungary, and France. In 1894, a French army officer named Alfred Dreyfus was falsely accused of treason against the French government. Dreyfus, who was Jewish, was imprisoned for five years and tried again even after new information proved his innocence. The incident, called The Dreyfus Affair, exposed widespread anti-Semitism in Western Europe.
    [Show full text]
  • Antisemitism in the United States Report of an Expert Consultation
    Antisemitism in the United States Report of an Expert Consultation Organized by AJC’s Jacob Blaustein Institute for the Advancement of Human Rights in Cooperation with UN Special Rapporteur on Freedom of Religion or Belief, Dr. Ahmed Shaheed 10-11 April 2019, New York City Introduction On March 5, 2019, the United Nations Special Rapporteur on freedom of religion or belief, Dr. Ahmed Shaheed, announced that he was preparing a thematic report on global antisemitism to be presented to the UN General Assembly in New York in the fall of 2019. The Special Rapporteur requested that the Jacob Blaustein Institute for the Advancement of Human Rights (JBI) organize a consultation that would provide him with information about antisemitism in the United States as he carried out his broader research. In response, JBI organized a two-day expert consultation on Wednesday, April 10 and Thursday, April 11, 2019 at AJC’s Headquarters in New York. Participants discussed how antisemitism is manifested in the U.S., statistics and trends concerning antisemitic hate crimes, and government and civil society responses to the problem. This event followed an earlier consultation in Geneva, Switzerland convened by JBI for Dr. Shaheed in June 2018 on global efforts to monitor and combat antisemitism and engaging the United Nations human rights system to address this problem.1 I. Event on April 10, 2019: Antisemitism in the United States: An Overview On April 10, several distinguished historians and experts offered their perspectives on antisemitism in the United States. In addition to the Special Rapporteur, Professor Deborah Lipstadt (Emory University), Professor Jonathan Sarna (Brandeis University), Professor Rebecca Kobrin (Columbia University), Rabbi David Saperstein (former U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • FFYS 1000.03 – the Holy Land and Jerusalem: a Religious History
    First Year Seminar Loyola Marymount University FFYS 1000.03 – The Holy Land and Jerusalem: A Religious History Fall 2013 | T/R 8:00 – 9:15 AM | Classroom: University Hall 3304 Professor: Gil Klein, Ph.D. | Office hours: W 1:30-3:00 PM; T/R 3:30 - 5:00 PM and by appointment Office: UH 3775 | Phone: (310) 338 1732 | Email: [email protected] Writing instructor: Andrew (AJ) Ogilvie, Ph.D. Candidate, UC Santa Barbara Email: [email protected] Course description The Holy Land, with the city of Jerusalem at its center, is where many of the foundational moments in Judaism, Christianity and Islam have occurred. As such, it has become a rich and highly contested religious symbol, which is understood by many as embodying a unique kind of sanctity. What makes it sacred? What led people in different periods to give their life fighting over it? How did it become the object of longing and the subject of numerous works of religious art and literature? What is the secret of the persistent hold it still has on the minds of Jews, Christians and Muslims around the world? This course will explore central moments in the religious history of the Holy Land from ancient times to the present day in an attempt to answer some of these questions. It will do so through the critical analysis of religious text, art and architecture, as well as through the investigation of contemporary culture and politics relating to the Holy Land and Jerusalem. Course structure The structure of this course is based on the historical transformations of the Holy Land and Jerusalem from ancient through modern times, as well as on the main cultural aspects of their development.
    [Show full text]
  • Aliyah and Settlement Process?
    Jewish Women in Pre-State Israel HBI SERIES ON JEWISH WOMEN Shulamit Reinharz, General Editor Joyce Antler, Associate Editor Sylvia Barack Fishman, Associate Editor The HBI Series on Jewish Women, created by the Hadassah-Brandeis Institute, pub- lishes a wide range of books by and about Jewish women in diverse contexts and time periods. Of interest to scholars and the educated public, the HBI Series on Jewish Women fills major gaps in Jewish Studies and in Women and Gender Studies as well as their intersection. For the complete list of books that are available in this series, please see www.upne.com and www.upne.com/series/BSJW.html. Ruth Kark, Margalit Shilo, and Galit Hasan-Rokem, editors, Jewish Women in Pre-State Israel: Life History, Politics, and Culture Tova Hartman, Feminism Encounters Traditional Judaism: Resistance and Accommodation Anne Lapidus Lerner, Eternally Eve: Images of Eve in the Hebrew Bible, Midrash, and Modern Jewish Poetry Margalit Shilo, Princess or Prisoner? Jewish Women in Jerusalem, 1840–1914 Marcia Falk, translator, The Song of Songs: Love Lyrics from the Bible Sylvia Barack Fishman, Double or Nothing? Jewish Families and Mixed Marriage Avraham Grossman, Pious and Rebellious: Jewish Women in Medieval Europe Iris Parush, Reading Jewish Women: Marginality and Modernization in Nineteenth-Century Eastern European Jewish Society Shulamit Reinharz and Mark A. Raider, editors, American Jewish Women and the Zionist Enterprise Tamar Ross, Expanding the Palace of Torah: Orthodoxy and Feminism Farideh Goldin, Wedding Song: Memoirs of an Iranian Jewish Woman Elizabeth Wyner Mark, editor, The Covenant of Circumcision: New Perspectives on an Ancient Jewish Rite Rochelle L.
    [Show full text]
  • A Brief Look at Passover
    Ouachita Baptist University Scholarly Commons @ Ouachita Honors Theses Carl Goodson Honors Program 1977 A Brief Look at Passover Jon Potest Ouachita Baptist University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlycommons.obu.edu/honors_theses Part of the Biblical Studies Commons, History Commons, and the History of Christianity Commons Recommended Citation Potest, Jon, "A Brief Look at Passover" (1977). Honors Theses. 270. https://scholarlycommons.obu.edu/honors_theses/270 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Carl Goodson Honors Program at Scholarly Commons @ Ouachita. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of Scholarly Commons @ Ouachita. For more information, please contact [email protected]. OUACHITA BAPTIST UN I VERS ITY A BRIEF' LOOK AT PASS OVER HONORIs PROJECT BY JON POTEET MAY 25 , 1977 INTRODUCTION The purpose of this paper is to oriefly examine the tradition of the Passover in light of its origins , histor­ icization and historical development, and its relevance t the Christology expressed in the New Testament gospels. It is necessary to realize from the beginning that in some cases the traditions being dealt with are ancient, and therefore there is scant concrete evidence with which to deal. How­ ever, I feel that one can deal with what evidence there is available and realize that his conclusions must be somewhat tentative. 1 ' I. ORIGINS AND EARLY HISTORY When one looks at the traditions of the Passover in the biblical materials it becomes apparent that the feast originally consisted of two elements, these being pesach and mazzoth. 1 For purpos~s of study I propose to look at the two elements separately and then later look at how they came to be joined together.
    [Show full text]
  • Tanakh Versus Old Testament
    Tanakh versus Old Testament What is the Tanakh? The Tanakh (also known as the Hebrew Bible) was originally written in Hebrew with a few passages in Aramaic. The Tanakh is divided into three sections – Torah (Five Books of Moshe), Nevi’im (Prophets), and Ketuvim (Writings). The Torah is made up of five books that were given to Moshe directly from God after the Exodus from Mitzrayim. The Torah was handed down through the successive generations from the time of Moshe. The Torah includes the creation of the earth and the first humans, the Great Flood and the covenant with the gentiles, the Hebrew enslavement and Exodus of the Hebrews from Mitzrayim, giving of the Torah, renewal of Covenant given to Avraham, establishment of the festivals, wandering through the desert, the Mishkan, Ark, and Priestly duties, and the death of Moshe. The Nevi’im covers the time period from the death of Moshe through the Babylonian exile and contains 19 books. The Nevi’im includes the time of the Hebrews entering Eretz Yisrael, the conquest of Yericho, the conquest of Eretz Yisrael and its division among the tribes, the judicial system, Era of Shaul and David, Shlomo’s wisdom and the construction of the First Beit HaMikdash, kings of Yisrael and Yehuda, prophecy, messianic prophecies, and the Babylonian exile. The Ketuvim covers the period after the return from the Babylonian exile and contains 11 books. The Ketuvim is made up of various writings that do not have an overall theme. This section of the Tanakh includes poems and songs, the stories of Iyov, Rut, and Ester, the writings and prophecies of Dani’el, and the history of the kings of Yisrael and Yehuda.
    [Show full text]
  • Robert Aaron Kenedy / the New Anti-Semitism and Diasporic 8 Liminality: Jewish Identity from France to Montreal
    Robert Aaron Kenedy / The New Anti-Semitism and Diasporic 8 Liminality: Jewish Identity from France to Montreal Robert Aaron Kenedy The New Anti-Semitism and Diasporic Liminality: Jewish Identity from France to Montreal Canadian Jewish Studies / Études juives canadiennes, vol. 25, 2017 9 Through a case study approach, 40 French Jews were interviewed revealing their primary reason for leaving France and resettling in Montreal was the continuous threat associated with the new anti-Semitism. The focus for many who participated in this research was the anti-Jewish sentiment in France and the result of being in a liminal diasporic state of feeling as though they belong elsewhere, possibly in France, to where they want to return, or moving on to other destinations. Multiple centred Jewish and Francophone identities were themes that emerged throughout the interviews. There have been few accounts of the post-1999 French Jewish diaspora and reset- tlement in Canada. There are some scholarly works in the literature, though apart from journalistic reports, there is little information about this diaspora.1 Carol Off’s (2005) CBC documentary entitled One is too Many: Anti-Semitism on the Rise in Eu- rope highlights the new anti-Semitism in France and the outcome of Jews leaving for Canada. The documentary also considers why a very successful segment of Jews would want to leave France, a country in which they have felt relatively secure since the end of the Second World War. This documentary and media reports of French Jews leaving France for destinations such as Canada provided the inspiration for beginning an in-depth case study to investigate why Jews left France and decided to settle in Canada.
    [Show full text]
  • 2 the Assyrian Empire, the Conquest of Israel, and the Colonization of Judah 37 I
    ISRAEL AND EMPIRE ii ISRAEL AND EMPIRE A Postcolonial History of Israel and Early Judaism Leo G. Perdue and Warren Carter Edited by Coleman A. Baker LONDON • NEW DELHI • NEW YORK • SYDNEY 1 Bloomsbury T&T Clark An imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc Imprint previously known as T&T Clark 50 Bedford Square 1385 Broadway London New York WC1B 3DP NY 10018 UK USA www.bloomsbury.com Bloomsbury, T&T Clark and the Diana logo are trademarks of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc First published 2015 © Leo G. Perdue, Warren Carter and Coleman A. Baker, 2015 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publishers. Leo G. Perdue, Warren Carter and Coleman A. Baker have asserted their rights under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, to be identified as Authors of this work. No responsibility for loss caused to any individual or organization acting on or refraining from action as a result of the material in this publication can be accepted by Bloomsbury or the authors. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN: HB: 978-0-56705-409-8 PB: 978-0-56724-328-7 ePDF: 978-0-56728-051-0 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Typeset by Forthcoming Publications (www.forthpub.com) 1 Contents Abbreviations vii Preface ix Introduction: Empires, Colonies, and Postcolonial Interpretation 1 I.
    [Show full text]