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Volume XXXII No. 2 February, 1977 INFORMATION ISSUED BY THE AssooAnai w MUSH ROKSS m OIEAT mmm

Michael Rosenstock (Toronto) interesting analogy between this and the trans­ mission of family names in small communities; in a few generations, some may disappear al­ together while others become particularly A GENETIC PORTRAIT OF THE common. This raises an intriguing question in the reader's mind; do similar chance fluctu­ ations explain why the frequency of certain Ashkenazi "place-name" surnames seems to JEWISH PEOPLE bear no relationship to the size of medieval When Maurice Fishberg published The Jews: certainly true of Muslim countries and may Jewish communities? Thus, the communities A Study in Race and Environment in 1911, be equally true df the early Christian world, of Mainz and Speyer were probably of com­ the science of genetics was in its infancy, the particularly in the two or three centuries in parable size, but the name Shapiro is at least first of the blood group systems had only just which the Jews played a major role in inter­ five times as common as the name Mintz. been discovered and the idea of "race" was national trade. Since, according to Jewish law, The communities of Landau and Heilbronn still largely under the influence of nineteenth- slaves could not be retained for more than a were far smaller than those of Cologne and century misconceptions. A new work* attempts year unless they underwent partial conversion, Nuernberg, yet Landau and Halpem are quite to bring the layman up to date by summaris­ the majority of those who remained in Jewish common names while Keiner and Nierenberg ing the discoveries of the past sixty years. hands were presumably quietly absorbed by are not. Are some families more fertile than The differences between the two works are the community as slavery gradually dis­ others, are some names simply more popular ? striking reflection of scientific developments appeared. than others, or is there a third explanation? in the intervening period. While nearly a third Both Jewish and Christian sources provide In spite of the many pitfalls, Patai's gene­ of Pishberg's large book is devoted to observ­ evidence of illicit sexual relations between tic portrait has many interesting features. He able physical characteristics, they are given Jews and Christians. Since, as a general rule, considers the evidence provided by blood less than a dozen pages in Patai's work. On the women led far more restricted lives than men, groups, finger-print patterns and "Jewish" 9ther hand, blood groups, enzymes and "Jew­ they were presumably less likely to involve diseases, to name only three of the phenomena ish" diseases, medical phenomena unknown to Jewish women than Jewish men. On the other which geneticists and physical anthropologists Fishberg, occupy five times as much space. hand, rape cannot have been uncommon during study today. He also considers (and largely According to Fishberg, "as far as our present pogroms, a fact which Jewish authorities recog­ dismisses) the genetic aspects of such matters knowledge of the origin of racial traits can nised on occasion. Children resulting from as high achievement in certain fields and the ^each us, we know that the milieu cannot rape could, of course, be absorbed by the Jew­ rather nebulous attribute of "looking Jewish". change dark hair into blonde, or the reverse, ish community without question, since the Both are felt to owe far more to cultural con­ nor can residence in any country transform offspring of a Jevdsh mother is automatically ditioning than to heredity. a hook nose into a snub nose, or a long head considered Jewish regardless of its paternity. In recent years, it has become apparent that become round by change of climate." However, certain inherited diseases are far more com­ according to Patai, "many of these traits may Small Numbers in Middle Ages mon among Jews than among Gentiles. Thus, be affected by the environment or by cultural The genetic effect of all this must have the frequency of Tay-Sachs disease, perhaps Practices. Moreover, they have a complex mode the best known, is about 100 times greater ef inheritance which is poorly understood. . . . been considerable, especially if one remem­ bers that the Jewish population of medieval among American Ashkenazi Jews than among This means that it is not at all certain American Gentiles. It attains its highest fre­ *hether or not populations which appear simi- Europe was strikingly small. In fact, it is not at all unlikely that the total number of Jews quency among the descendants of immigrants i^ in extemal characteristics are also similar from a relatively small area of Southem Lithu­ genetically." in what later became the area of Ashkenazi settlement did not exceed 20,000 or 25,000 ania and North Eastem Poland. Geneticists dis­ Nevertheless, for all their dififerences of after the First Cmsade. What this means is agree as to the reasons for this phenomenon approach, both books reach much the same that a single conversion or sexual encounter in but, historically, the most plausible explana­ conclusion: that the Jews are a highly varie- Rashi's day could easily have had as far-reach­ tion is certainly the so-called "founder effect", Sated group whose individual sub-groups tend ing a genetic effect as 500 today. What it also a form of genetic drift by which the genetic *o show some evidence of a common Eastem means, one assumes, is that some of the genes peculiarities of the founder or founders of a y^editerranean origin but in other respects of every Rabbi or proselyte alive 800 or 900 new settlement can, over a period, become l^erhaps the majority) tend to diverge very years ago may have been transmitted to every quite common in a fairly large population. njarkedly and approach the genetic make-up Ashkenazi Jew alive today. This would be consistent with what we know ?.f the populations among which they live (or When he moves on from the historical to of the pattem of Jewish settlement in parts of Ij^ed until recently). Patai produces an im- the genetic part of his book, Patai is careful Eastem Europe and, one might add, the Pi"essive mass of historical circumstantial evi­ to point out that the simple "certainties" of settlers' high rate of natural increase over dence to explain why this is so, perhaps to the Fishberg's day have been replaced by a com­ several centuries. xtent of overstating his case. After reading plex mass of uncertainty. In the first place, no It is possible to feed data on the genetic .^is section, one is certainly surprised to find more than fifty of the many thousands of genes differences between two populations into a hat Jews have retained any common genetic which determine a human being's make-up computer and so measure the "genetic dis­ *^aits at all. have been isolated and measured at all. tance" between them. The results where Jews , Proselytism and intermarriage have always Secondly, the extent to which even these few are concerned clearly show the pitfalls of ^.^eii features of Jevrfsh life, though their genetic traits remain unaffected by environ­ considering such data in isolation. Thus, the 'Snificance has varied from period to period mental factors is still very much a matter of genetic distance between the Jews of Habhan Dn t P'^ee to place. They must have been im- conjecture. Thus, some geneticists are now in Southern Arabia, a small endogamous ^ertant factors in the growth of the Graeco- convinced that there is a correlation between group, and the surrounding Arab population, g^Oin ;a n Diaspora. Gradually, of course, this certain blood groups and susceptibility to cer­ and between these Jews and Ashkenazim, is ji^^nsionary role was taken over by Christian- tain diseases and that the distribution of these as great as that between Eskimos and Niger­ P^' but it is likely that individual conversions blood groups in a particular population tends ians. Nothing could provide a better illustra­ ntinued throughout the medieval and early to change as medical hazards change. Another tion of the effects of genetic drift. On the "Modern periods. factor which must be taken into account is other hand, the fact that the distance between PQ*' seems likely that slavery also made its "genetic drift"—that is, the tendency of small, Ashkenazim and the non-Jevwsh population ntnbution to the Jewish gene-pool. This is endogamous groups to undergo accidental of Central and Eastern Europe is, by and large, fluctuations in gene frequencies and to de­ slightly greater than that between the English the j'P']ael Patai and Jennifer Patai Wing: The Mylh of velop a distinctive genetic character in a rela­ 197s ,*'»•• Race. Nev/ York. Charles Scribner's Sons, tively short period. One geneticist draws an Continued on page 2, colamn 1 Page 2 AJR INFORMATION February 1977

IN MEMORY OF HOME NEWS SIR HENRY D'AVIGDOR GOLDSMID AWARDS ATTLEE, BEVIN AND THE JEWS Sir Henry d'Avigdor Goldsmid, whose death New Year Honours List at the age of 67 was briefly announced in our The New Year Honours List includes a The Govemment has banned the publication previous issue, was a man of many parts. A knighthood for Heinrich (Heinz) Koeppler, of certain documents relating to British Gov­ partner of his old established family firm, the who came to this country as a refugee. He has emment policy on Palestine, contained in the bullion brokers Mocatta & Goldsmid, his finan­ been the warden of WUton Park, which was Cabinet Papers for 1946 which have just been cial expertise also became of great benefit to originally set up as a venue for training courses released under the 30-year rule of official sec­ his work as chairman of the Anglo-Israel for German refugees who intended to retum recy. Lord Shinwell, who was a member of Bank Ltd., now the Bank Leumi UK Ltd. to their country of origin in order to help the Cabinet in 1946, said the ban was issued to After the troubles of the Pergamon Press m building up a new, democratic post-war Ger­ protect Emest Bevin, Foreign Secretary at the 1969 he became independent chairman of the many. The courses were also attended by time, "from being regarded as having acted company for two years. His widespread inter­ German prisoners-of-war, who appeared quali­ in a criminal fashion towards Palestine." Mr. ests also covered the literary field, and he was fied for this task. In the course of time, WUton Bevin's junior at the F.O., Mr. Christopher a frequent contributor to the Times Literary Park widened its scope of activities and serves Mayhew, said the documents would have re­ Supplement and other national papers. as a European Discussion Centre. We extend vealed "the outrageous pressure brought upon As a member of Parliament for WalsaU to Mr. Koeppler, who is a member of the AJR, the British Government by Zionists in the US South from 1955-74 he always proudly spt^e our sincerest congratulations. and Britain." Mr. Mayhew has always been pro- up, when Jewish interests were at stake. Be A CBE was awarded to Max Rostal, the Arab. Lord Shinwell said Bevin had not been was therefore also one of those MPs who violinist, for services to music and to Anglo- an antisemite. The late Richard Crossman once successfully supported the efforts of the AJK Swiss relations. said that both Atlee and Bevin had recognised to have the indemnification annuities under Arab nationalism and denied that the Jews, the BEG exempted from UK taxation. . Sir Ludwig Guttmann too, were a nation with national aspirations. The scion of one of the oldest Anglo-Jewisn The Star and Garter Home for disabled ex- Bevin had said to him that he knew the Jews families, he played a leading part m several Servicemen has made Sir Ludwig Guttmann, from the East End. They were a religion and important Jewish organisations. He was. a its neurological consultant for 30 years, a vice- should be perfectly content with a guarantee president of the Jewish Colonization Associa­ president. This is the first time that this post by him for their position in a United Kingdom tion (ICA), and chairman of the Jewish Trust has been offered to a medical consultant. Sir of Palestine which he was going to set up Corporation and the Allocations Committee qi Ludwig opened a large ward at the Home for under King Abdullah of Transjordania. Atlee's the CBF, in charge of the recovery and distri­ paraplegic cases in 1946. When he made his attitude, according to Crossman, also derived bution respectively of the heirless and cqin- last round of the ward, grateful patients pre­ from his first experience of politics and social munal former Jewish property in the Britisn sented him with a sUver tankard inscribed work in the East End of London where he had Zone of Germany. These activities resulted in "With gratitude and affection". had some trouble with Jews and Catholics. close contacts with the Hon. Officers of the Therefore, he, too, believed that Jews were AJR. In the discharge of his duties, Sir Henry Dr. F. G. HoUand merely a religious faith, not a nation. distinguished himself by a strong sense oi The solicitor. Dr. F. G. Holland, a long­ justice and at the same time, a human under­ standing member of the AJR, has been MICHAEL FOOT'S APOLOGY standing for the needs of the former perse­ awarded the Austrian Golden Order of cutees. Merit, in recognition of the assistance he has During the devolution debate in the House The major part of the recovered assets has rendered for many years to Austria and the of Commons Mr Michael Foot, Leader of the been used for the establishment of Homes f^ Austrian Embassy, particularly as their legal House, said he could not understand how Mr the Aged, jointly administered by the AJK adviser in London. Leo Abse, M.P. for Pontypool who had a and the CBF. If thus victims of Nazi persecu­ legitimate pride in his Jewishness, could pour tion can spend the evenings of their lives_ m scorn on Welsh pride and patriotism. Mr. Abse comfort and free from undue material worries, A GENETIC PORTRAIT retorted that he was "blessed with children it is to a high degree due to the work of tne (concluded) who are half Celt and half Semite and take Jewish Trust Corporation under the expen and the French, comparable to that between pride in both traditions". His opinions were and effective guidance of Sir Henry. the Danes and the Italians but less than that those of a Welsh Jew. There were protests His compassion and kindness will be remem­ from all sides of the House against Michael bered with gratitude by all those who had tne between the English and the Greeks, is at privilege of working with and under him. least what the historical evidence would lead Foot's remarks, and he reacted by saying that one to expect. he apologised for any remarks which might \V.ti. This, in fact, is the answer one would have have offended his old friend Mr. Abse, whose to give if one were asked what this genetic "Maccabean courage" he had always admired. RABBI GRYN JOINS BBC RELIGIOUS study tells us about the Jews: it is consistent ADVISORY COMMITTEE with the historical evidence, but that is all. BBC ADMITS UNFAIRNESS Rabbi Hugo Gryn, 46-year-old senior rabbi It provides few facts for the historian to pon­ Sir Charles Curran, director-general of the of the West London Synagogue, has, as tne der over. Indeed, the boot is on the other BBC and his senior executives have admitted first non-Christian minister, been appointea i" foot: every genetic phenomenon seems to have that the controversial BBC2 programme by the Central Religious Advisory Committee, a number of possible explanations, and the supporters of the PLO offended against fair­ which serves both the BBC and the IBA. «e geneticist is forced to rely on the historian ness to Israel and that the BBC would provide was bora in Czechoslovakia and, during tne to provide the most plausible one. Perhaps, war, spent several years in Nazi concentratio the opportunity for an appropriate reply. This camps. Only a few weeks ago. Rabbi Gryn- as the complex interplay between heredity and is what in their opinion should have been done who was a pupil of Leo Baeck, gave four taiR» environment becomes clearer, we will be able the moment it was decided to show the offen­ on Radio 4's "Thought for the Day". to leam more about the antecedents and the sive programme. marriage and migration patterns of individual Jewish groups but only, one feels, if far larger ARAB CENTRE FOR LONDON samples are systematically studied and geo­ PRO-NAZI LTFERATURE IN SCHOOLS graphical origins are narrowed down to small British firms with interests in the Middle East contributed to the sum of £230,600 The pamphlet "Did six million really die. localities or even individual commimities donated for the erection of a new building was recently used as teaching material in rather than entire countries. near London's Cromwell Road air terminal London girls' school during a history ^^^°^1 After reading a book like Patai's, it is only which will house four Arabist organisations, A girl of Hungarian Jewish descent wnos natural to ask oneself whether the genetic including the Council for the Advancement of grandmother was killed at Auschwdtz was u Arab-British Understanding. Treasurer of the tressed and her parents informed the scho make-up of the Jews has any significance at authorities. Schools throughout the counir;y all beyond the obvious medical one. The centre is Sir Geoffrey Furlonge, Britain's former Ambassador to Jordan. have now been warned against the V^^^^^s answer is surely that it is one reflection of which is published from the Surrey adores Jewish cultural history among many and, as of Warwickshire farmer Mr. Robert Beauciau' such, merits the same attention as the lan­ COURT REJECTS COLIN JORDAN'S CASE a National Front supporter. The true ideD^'i guages Jews speak, the songs they sing or the Colin Jordan, a former leader of the racist of the author, described as Richard Harwoo". food they eat, all of which have undergone British Movement, tried to have the publisher expert on the second world war, is unknow many changes and absorbed many outside in­ of the anti-racist magazine "Searchlight" fluences over the past three millennia. The brought to court on allegations of criminal Jews would not, of course, be less "Jewish" libel which had exposed him to "hatred, ridi­ RACE REBEL QUITS NATIONAL FRONT if they were genetically indistinguishable cule and contempt". He claimed that articles from the Gentiles around them or more by a Birmingham joumalist, Mr. Maurice Lud- Robert Reif, 52, who was sent to prison f^^ "Jewish" if they could all be proved to share mer, in a pamphlet called "A well-oiled Nazi refusing to take down a "racially in"^'?Lpi a common ancestry. It is certainly regret­ machine", alleging that Jordan was plotting tory" sale sign at his home, has resigned Hj table that, even today, there are both Jews to bomb members of the Jewish community, the National Front which he said, haa ^jj and Gentiles who flnd it diflScult to accept were defamatory. He said he had never advo­ taken seriously his regular suggestions tha"-^^ cated the attainment of political power by vio­ Right-wing groups should form a comi this. lence. The Birmingham Court rejected his case. movement. AJR INFORMATION February 1977 Page 3

F. L. Brassloff R. Gruneberg FROM CONFRONTATION TO CONSENSUS? REFLECTIONS ON RE-READING PLATO I have just re-read Plato's Apology, Crito, Impressions of a Jewish Observer at the and Phaedo—^those short pieces describing the Uiiesco General Conference in Nairobi trial and death of Socrates in Athens in 399 BCE. I read it in the fluent translation now During five weeks, from the end of October act the high-powered Arab propaganda efforts. available in the Penguin Classics under the to the beginning of December, 1976, delegates The existence of a free and independent title "The last days of Socrates," not in the to the bi-ennial General Conference of Unesco press in Kenya, cherishing traditional British original Greek I am sorry to say as I did from almost 120 governments, a large staff, values, which have a strong impact on public laboriously and painfully many years ago in observers and joumalists were active in the life and personal attitudes, strengthened no the Wuppertal Gymnasium. I could no longer monumental Kenyatta Conference Centre in doubt the resistance against moves by the do it, and I remember that it was heavy going Nairobi, the largest assembly building in delegations of the Soviet Union and other even then and needed the constant help of -^rica. The main task of the conference was authoritarian regimes urging the adoption of the dictionary and the Reclam translation. the consideration and approval of the many a declaration by Unesco which would impose But in spite of the drudgery of grammar and ideas and projects contained in the Draft upon governments the obligation to control vocabulary and guided by a strangely enthusi­ Programme and Budget for the next two years the mass media or, in a revised milder ver­ astic teacher one was dimly conscious of being and a Medium-Term Plan for 1977-82. sion, to exercise responsibility regarding inter­ in the presence of one of the great figures of The next budget of the organisation of national activities of the media. Singled out European civilisation. 220 million Dollars was adopted with 32 votes for criticism were the Western news agencies only in favour, none against and eight absten­ for their alleged failure to give appropriate Recently, I was suddenly struck by the rele­ tions, among them the United States which and truthful coverage of positive developments vance of these old stories. After all, I was not is expected to contribute 25 per cent of the and news in the Third World. Thanks mainly the only young Jew from what is now called total amount. Since the notorious anti-Israel to the firmness of the United States delega­ "a middle-class background" who read Plato resolutions two years ago, the U.S.A. has tion, the consideration of this issue was in those distant days before Hitler. We all withheld payment. The new administration shelved to the next Conference. In the mean­ absorbed something of his glowing reverence will have to decide whether support of the time, experts, including professional jouraal­ for him as a man who preferred death to Organisation should be resumed. Director- ists, will have to work out a new document disloyalty to the country of his birth and to General Amadeo-Mahtar M'Bow, anxious to on the topic. its laws even when these laws were manipu­ obtain means required for carrying on There was, however, agreement that a draft lated to commit judicial murder. When we Unesco's activities, has tried hard before and declaration on race placed before the Con­ thought of Socrates, we thought of his execu­ during the Conference to create a calm and ference was not suitable and that a less aca­ tion by hemlock and of the civilised conversa­ friendly atmosphere in which the repetition demic and more impressive statement should tions he had with his friends before his death. ?f the vicious onslaughts on Israel, so damag­ be prepared. This is a matter deserving serious One also tended to think of the photograph ing to Unesco's reputation and finances, would Jewish attention in order to prevent the in­ of his bust which formed the frontispiece of be avoided or at least reduced. His fellow- sertion of allegations of the racist character our school edition of Phaedo: the funny man Africans did their best to help him in these of Zionism. This obnoxious notion vrill cer­ with the large nose who had so irritated his efforts which were partly successful. Israel is tainly be proposed again by circles who refuse fellow citizens by his talk and insistent ques­ now no longer excluded from the regional to accept Israel's existence and the strong tions but who could show a proud record of activities of Unesco: it has been admitted religious and cultural links between the Jew­ military service and good citizenship. to its European and Westem group. ish people and its land. An automatic majority, however, again con­ One of the stock phrases uttered again and One wonders how deep an influence this demned Israel on account of the excavations again at the Conference extolled "the spirit image may have had, when Jews in the Hitler m Jerusalem and the educational and cultural of Nairobi", supposed to promote consensus. period had to decide what to do. Emigration Policies in the occupied territories. This was But the evil spirits of ideological partisanship, was the obvious answer to some right from the foregone conclusion of a debate conducted power politics and sloganeering have not yet January 30, 1933, onwards. But this solution on the lines usual at United Nations meetings, been exorcised, in spite all the trite self- was easy only to a very few. To most of us with no concem for facts and evidence, re- praise at a special commemoration meeting it was the most difficult step of our lives. Not bashing all the well-known slogans. On the on the occasion of Unesco's thirteenth anniver­ only because every twopence ha'penny country other hand it was noteworthy that African sary. In order to regain universal respect, so suddenly invented humiliating restrictions Relegates did not conspicuously participate in badly impaired by the scandalous treatment making themselves deeply offensive to people Israel baiting. meted out to Israel in the past, Unesco will who knew themselves to be the heirs of a have to cease serving as an instrument of proud tradition of hard work and civilised In private conversations, much appreciation behaviour. It was difficult simply because they *as expressed of the intelligent and concilia­ pointless political warfare. It will have to devote itself wholeheartedly to the cause of loved (Jermany as Socrates had loved Athens. tory way in which the head of the Israeli international understanding and cooperation They and their fathers had served in war delegation, Professor Shlomo Avineri, had without any discrimination. and peace not for glory or gain but just as Represented the cause of the Jewish state. Socrates had done: from a sense of duty. And ^tiU more noticeable was the pro-Israel atti­ they remained law-abiding just as Socrates tude outside the Conference Centre. Nairobi had remained the defender of the laws of his bookshops displayed prominently the paper­ Your House for:— city state even after it had rejected him. backs on the Entebbe raid. Without any prod­ The Gennan Jews, at least in the early years ding on my part, Kenyans and other Africans of the regime, still hoped that their obedience told me of their sympathy with Israel and CURTAINS, CARPETS, and sober loyalty would win them a new indicated strong distmst of their Arab relationship when the excitement of the revo­ friends". Notwithstanding the rupture of FLOOR COVERINGS lution had died down. A better relationship diplomatic relations, various contacts exist even without the dishonesties of assimilation oetween Kenya and Israel, including regular mimicry. Those were the days of "Tragt ihn *-! Al flights to and from Tel Aviv. SPECIAUTY mit Stolz, den gelben Fleck"—immortal words The English language dailies, "Standard" uttered in a moment of inspiration by Robert ond "Nation" inform their readers also about CONTINENTAL DOWN Weltsch but worthy of a Socrates or Plato. be Israeli point of view and make their QUILTS orrespondence columns available to her sup­ The claim has been made that the GJerman porters and adversaries. The brilliant editor- Jews went like lambs to the slaughter, "i-chief of the "Nation", George Ghithi, ALSO RE-MAKES ANO RE-COVERS cowardly and servile. This reproach is unjusti­ PPears to be very knowledgeable and under- fied. Some people stayed in Germany, because tanding of all aspects of Israeli policies and ESTIMATES FREE they could not get out. We honour the memory j^?Iities. His paper carried in the same issue of these martyrs. Some left Germany, because ^terviews with Prime Minister Rabin, the DAWSOH-LANE LIMITED the Zionist ideal gave them a creative alterna­ gead of the local PLO office and the observer (EtIabnttMd ISM) tive, the chance of a new beginning. Some— ^om the World Jewish Congress at the Unesco 17 BRIDGE ROAD, WEMBLEY PARK like myself—got out at the last moment. But .onference. There are valid reasons for assum- Telephone: 904 6671 the ones I most deeply admire are the people j 2 that systematic attention on the part of who could have gone but who stayed because ^ewry to Kenyan and other East African con- Panonal attanUon s( Mr. W. Shadonan. they felt as Socrates did. And there were 'Tis would be beneficial and could counter­ many like him among the (Jerman Jews. Page 4 AJR INFORMATION February 1977 NEWS FROM GERMAISY NEWS FROM ABROAD VIOLENCE AT MUNICH NAZI MEETING The extreme right-wing German Peoples' UNITED STATES LIFE-SENTENCE FOR DUTCH SS-KILLER Union (DVU) held a meeting, attended by Carter's Choice A Roermond court sentenced 58-year-old some 800 people, at the infamous Burgerbrm- The nev/ American President has picked Lambertus Loyen, a Dutch factory worker, to keller in Munich where Hitler started his two Jews for important positions in his first life imprisonment for the cruel murder of abortive Putsch in 1923. The meeting de­ government. Michael Werner Blumenthal, 50, over 100 Jews. He confessed to the crimes manded a general amnesty for all war crimes the new Secretary of the Treasury, originates and said: "Whatever happens to me, I remain and paid tribute to former Colonel Hans-Ulnch from Berlin and, together with his parents, guilty". His participation in the murders at Rudel, the Nazi Air Force ace who recently came to the U.S. as a refugee via Shanghai, Bobruisk concentration camp in Russia only caused a scandal in the Federal Air Force where he worked as a laboratory cleaner for came to light during proceedings against two and who unveiled a plaque inscribed "Our a dollar a week to help to support his family. former members of the SS in Hamburg when heroes live in our hearts". Mr. Serge Klars­ He came to the U.S. 30 years ago, gained a witnesses revealed that the worst criminal, feld, a Paris Jewish lawyer and his German- doctorate in economics and is now chairman Loyen, wasi not among the defendants. bom wife, Beate, the well-known campaigner of the Bendix corporation and considered one to bring Nazi criminals to justice, demanded of the country's most capable industrial to be heard to challenge the statement that leaders. He is now a Presbyterian and has no ITALY "only" 200,000 and not six million Jews were connections with Jewish organisations. killed by the Nazis. Both of them were forcibly Dr. Harold Brown, the new Defence Secre­ Demonstrations against Entebbe film removed from the hall and ill-treated. The tary, was bora in the Bronx, New York, and An organisation calling itself "Palestine police, who had hermetically sealed the hall, still considers himself a Jew, but has never Fighters for the Arab Revolution" claimed took no action and only started investigations been engaged in Jewish affairs. He, too, is when Klarsfeld lodged a formal complaint. considered an outstanding scientist and ad­ responsibility for setting fire to three of the four cinemas where the film "Victory at Outside the building three members of the ministrator. On one occasion he appealed Jewish students union in concentration camp directly, though without success, to the Entebbe" is shown. The damage was negli­ gible, but the perpetrators warned the public clothing demonstrated with a placard which Kremlin to allow a Moscow Jewish scientist. read: "We shall never forget Auschwitz". "The Professor Levich, to join the staff of the that they were going to see to it that the film, aimed at "creating the absurd image of president of the Munich Jewish community. Califomia Institute of Technology, of which Dr. Hans Lamm, issued a protest which said he is president. the Israelis as the liberators of old people and children" was boycotted and that they that Munich Jews were horrified to see that Another appointee, Mr. James Schlesinger. did not guarantee the safety of audiences. a victim of Nazi persecution was denied the special Presidential adviser on energy matters freedom of speech promised in the Federal with a place in the Cabinet, is of Jewish Basic Law and protection against Nazi ill' origin, but a convert to Lutheranism. Fire-bomb near Jewish school treatment. The Central Council of Jews m Germany has requested the Bavarian Govern­ No restriction on immigration of Soviet Jews A fire-bomb planted near the Milan Jewish ment to comment on the incident. school was defused without causing damage. A conference of leading members of the Hostile slogans have been painted on a num­ big American Jewish welfare organisations in ber of Rome shops owned by Jews as a NAZIS YET TO BE TRIED Philadelphia decided against the advice of reaction to the demonstrations, not confined The Central Office for the Prosecution. of the Jewish Agency and the Israeli Govera­ to Jews, against the release from jail of former Nazi Criminals in North Rhine-Westfalia whicn ment not to withdraw help from released SS Colonel Kappler who is reported to be has been in existence for 15 years, has puo- Soviet Jews who emigrate to the U.S. rather critically ill in hospital. A leaflet found with lished a survey showing that within its juris­ than to Israel. They agreed that it was more the Milan fire-bombs said: "This is a warning. diction there are still 68 investigations pena- important to save Jews from persecution than You will be burat. Long live Kappler". ing, involving 1377 suspects of Nazi cnmes- to ensure their emigration to Israel. The The most important cases being pursued were Government is expected to include immigrants the Dusseldorf trial against the staff of .tne from the Soviet Union in the quota for Eastern JEWISH CULTURE IN RUSSIA Lublin/Maidanek camp and the investigations Europe which provides for 20,000 visas which against a number of people involved in tne have largely remained unused for many years. The symposium on Jewish culture, convened "Final Solution of the Jewish question m by the physicist Professor Benjamin Fain and France". Shortly before the presidential elections, a committee under his chairmanship, took President Ford set aside 4-5 million dollars place in spite of arrests and harassments by for such newcomers. This money will be used the authorities, but it lasted only one day in­ CEMETERY DESECRATED THREE TIMES to pay for air transport and settlement costs. stead of three. The Chief Rabbis of Ireland The Jewish cemetery in Hochneukirch near and of Denmark, four French professors and Monchengladbach was desecrated for i" ISRAELI FACTORY IN SOUTH AFRICA a number of Anglo-Jewish scholars had been third time by persons unknown. Nine torn" invited, but were refused visas. Only one was stones were destroyed. The civic communu;^ Tadiran, a major Israeli manufacturer of granted to the principal of Jews' College, has offered a reward for anyone assisting tactical military communications equipment, London, Mr. Rabinovitch. The symposium was the arrest of the perpetrators. has started production of electronic and elec­ attended by about 45 Jews and a number of trical goods at a factory near Pretoria in Western correspondents. Jews in most Russian partnership with the S.A. Calan group. towns were either detained or prevented from COHN-BENDII'S JEWISH IDENTITY travelling to Moscow for the conference. At a discussion convened by the Federation FRANCE After his return to London, Mr. Rabinovitch of Jewish Students in Heidelberg, Daniel oom said, there had not been a proper symposium Bendit, one of the leaders of the 1968 Studenis Mendes-France and the PLO and he had not been able to reach the organ­ demonstrations, said he was very conscious his Jewish identity. It was the duty of Jew The former French Prime Minister Mendes- isers and principal participants because their telephones had been cut off. He had, however, to fight everywhere in the world for inu France has acted as a middle-man in prepar­ deprived of their rights. The Middle ^af. ing for a meeting between the left extremist taken part in several meetings in Jewish acti­ vists' flats. He had learaed that the Soviet Problem would be solved, if Israel SJ^nt^ Knesset member Arie Elav and a leading Government were worried about a survey made Arabs unlimited rights of immigration. He w PLO member in Brussels. by Jewish scientists, according to which 80 per worried about Israel which insisted on ^ cent of Jews questioned said they would de­ tinuing to exist against all economical Honours for Chagall clare themselves to be Jews if they were given logical reason. Marc Chagall, 89-year-old Russian-bora a free choice to decide their nationality. French-Jewish artist, has been awarded the EINSTEIN'S HOUSE TO BE RESTOREi"^ Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour. This is The East Berlin authorities have announc the highest of the five classes of the Order and YIDDISH THEATRE IN POLAND has never more than 80 members. that Einstein's house in Caputh near Poj^ggst A nine-day festival and conference were is to be restored and handed over to tne i^^j^g held in Warsaw to mark the centenary of the Berlin Academy of Sciences in 197». ANNE FRANK FOUNDATION Yiddish Theatre. The Polish State Theatre pre­ centenary of his death. The Anne Frank Foundation has appointed sented eight plays in chronological order end­ Dick Houwaart, 47, as its new chairman. Ho ing with a documentary on the 1943 Warsaw HOECHST HONOURS PAUL EHRLlCB is public relations officer to the Dutch Ghetto Uprising, in its excellently equipped Interior Ministry. 400-seat theatre. The large audiences con­ The Technical College in Hochst negi sisted mainly of Polish non-Jews who listened Frankfurt, home of the I. G. Farben Chen' i to translations on ear-phones, as in the whole works, has been officially named alter jjgi of Poland there are now only between 4,000 Ehriich (1854-1915) who received the ^^ .j^g With acknowledgement to the news service and 8,000 Jews left out of a pre-war population Prize for his discovery of the first ene of the Jewish Chronicle. of 3i million. In Soviet Russia all 16 Yiddish anti-syphilis drag Salvarsan. ^.G^- theatres were closed in 1948. AJR INFORMATION Febraary 1977 Page 5 THE ISRAELI SCENE Anglo-Judaica NAZI HOLDS POST NEW PLANS FOR THE NEGEV DESERT New Model Home for Elderly Mr. Barlev, Israel's Minister of Commerce A new regional plan for the development Prince Charles, wearing a yarmulka, opened and Industry, admitted in the Knesset, that the of the Negev Desert has just been published the new £1-5 million extension to the Night­ appointmeni of Wolfgang Wick, a former Nazi, by Meir Batz, director of planning for the ingale House Home for the Aged which was as chairman of the Periclase Magnasite Com­ Negev in the Ministry of the Interior and originally established in 1840 as the "Hand- pany in Arad in the Negev, had been a mistake Professor Raanan Weitz, head of the Depart­ In-Hand-Asylum" and "Widows Home Asylum" The appointment had been made in 1969, be­ ment for Settlement of the Zionist Federation in Stepney Green. Today it is the largest fore he held his present office. A Labour mem­ and the Jewish Agency. The plan foresees a Jewish old-age home in the country. It can ber of the Knesset, Mr. Hillel Seidel, had said National Industrial Region betw'een Beersheba accept some 400 people. 13 years ago the it was incredible that a "dyed-in-the-wool Nazi" and the Dead Sea with seven "Inter Centres" for heavy industry and industry likely to average age of the inmates was 65, now it is who once drafted a war-time programme for 86. There is still a waiting-list of 150. Prince transforming Switzerland into a Nazi State cause pollution. These centres will be situ­ ated as far distant as possible from inhabited Charles, for whom the ceremony meant his and for persecuting the Jews there, could have first public engagement since leaving the been allowed to head an Israeli Government areas. One of the centres will contain oil refineries, oil storage tanks and pipe lines. Navy, said he was enormously impressed by firm. Wick had joined the NSDAP at the age The largest centre will serve the aircraft in­ the superb facilities. One of the women had of 19 and later served in the Waffen SS. dustry and will employ between 12,000 and said the extension was like a five-star hotel. 15,000 people. A large international airport He also visited the synagogue and spoke to ISRAELI PAPERS IN EGYPT will be included as an alternative to Ben- 102-year-old Jacob Misnum, the oldest resi­ Gurion Airport. Another part of the plan pro­ dent who came to this country from Lithuania. The Egyptian publishing house "Al Ahram" vides for an extensive water-pipeline from the The prince offered one of his naval caps to is accepting subscriptions for the Israeli Mediterranean to the Dead Sea which will the chairman of the appeals committee, Mr daily "Jerusalem Post", and for a number of supply water for agriculture, atomic reactors David Clore, who suggested that to meet the Jewish and pro-Zionist publications. The im­ and hydro-electric energy. The line will finish heavy overdraft, the cap might be placed in port of these books and papers is done via in a 400 metres high cataract into the Dead Cyprus and is subject to vetting by military Sea. All workers will live in new towns, in a strategic point for collections. The Prince censorship. Sale is only by subscription. clean surroundings with many public ameni­ replied that the cap would certainly hold more ties, parks and artificial lakes. It will take 15 than the yarmulka he was wearing. years to realise the project, once the money ESSEX ORCHESTRA IN BETHLEHEM for it can be found. Mrs. Thatcher at Synagogue Jubilee The 100-strong Essex Youth Orchestra paid a two-week visit to Israel. Its tour The leader of the Opposition, Mrs. Margaret started with an interaational concert outside ENTEBBE MEDAL Thatcher, attended the golden jubUee cele­ the Church of the Nativity on Christmas Day. The Israeli Government has issued a Medal brations of the Kinloss Gardens Finchley Other performances were given in the Jeru­ to commemorate the rescue of the hostages Synagogue in London. She said that she was salem Theatre, at Haifa, Tel Aviv, and at a held by terrorists at Entebbe, Uganda, in gratified to have in her constituency a com­ kibbutz in Galilee. July, 1976. The operation was subsequently munity of such strength and tenacity of referred to as "Operation Yonatan" after purpose. She was glad to meet again the POST FOR M. & S. CHAIRMAN Lt.-Col. Yonatan Netanyahu, killed at Entebbe former reader of the synagogue. Rabbi A. when he led his men to the rescue. Rosenfeld to whom she had listened many The chairman of Marks & Spencer Ltd., Sir times in the 18 years since she first Marcus Sieff, has been elected chairman of the 250,000th LUFTHANSA PASSENGER became M.P. for Finchley. Rabbi Rosenfeld board of govemors of the Weizmann Institute who had come to attend the celebration, is of Science in Rehovot. His predecessor was The 250,000th passenger landed by a Luft­ now minister at a synagogue in Wellington, Mr. Abraham Feinberg of New York. hansa plane at Ben-Gurion Airport was given New Zealand. Mrs. Thatcher said that she had an official reception. Lufthansa opened its seen him during her tour of New Zealand BRIGHTER OUTLOOK FOR SYRIAN JEWS services to Israel in 1968 and carried 1,200 and that was an occasion where, she said, "it passengers in its first year. This year 50,000 was his turn to listen to me". According to a report published in a Kuwait people are expected to arrive in Lufthansa newspaper and confirmed by Damascus planes. officials, the Syrian Goverament has changed Jewish Exhibits at Museum of London its attitude towards the 4,700 Jews living in POPULATION MOVEMENT IN ISRAEL the countr\'. In future, they will be considered Several objects of particular Jewish interest lull citizens with freedom of travel, trade, According to recently published statistics, are on show in the new Museum of London property ownership and of taking public office. ca. 1,575,000 Jews immigrated to Israel be­ recently opened at the Barbican. One is a Identity cards no longer bear the stamp "Of tween 1949 and 1975. During the same time, charity dram made in 1906 for the Great the religion of Moses ". A number of Jews have some 250,000 Israelis emigrated. 20,000 of them Synagogue in Duke Street. Five shilling tickets Oeen allowed to go abroad for medical treat- were non-Jews, mostly Christian and Muslim provided bread, meat and coal, and for an nient. Arabs. 45 per cent of those leaving returned annual subscription of 6 shillings you were to their countries of origin in Europe and the entitled to draw 12 tickets. There is also a GERMANY PLANS JERUSALEM YOUTH U.S., 32-6 per cent were Sabras born in Israel. panel of photographs of 19th century immi­ CENTRE grants and the front page, dated May 24, ISRAEL'S OPEN UNIVERSITY 1895, and priced at a penny-halfpenny, of the When the Mayor of Jerusalem, Mr. Teddy Orthodox newspaper "Hazophe". Kollek, attended a meeting of the Diisseldorf Some 3,000 Israelis have joined Everyman Jerusalem Foundation in (Jermany", he was University which is modelled on Britain's informed that apart from other social and Open University. Students have been issued Memorial to Founder of Reuters ^ultural work in Israel, the Foundation will with "home laboratory kits" and will be re­ ouild a youth centre in Jerusalem. During his quired to visit the one of 20 study centres To mark the 125th anniversarj' of Reuters' tour of Germany, Mr. Kollek also visited West nearest to their home. There will also be an News Agency, a memorial to its founder. Baron perlin and Hamburg and addressed leading extensive T.V. educational service. The Univ­ Paul Julius Reuter. was unveiled outside the •^ustrialists and businessmen. In Berlin he ersity offers 5 courses in the sciences, mathe­ Royal Exchange Buildings in the City of Was received by the Lord Mayor, Mr. Klaus matics and Judaism during its first year. London. The ceremony was performed bv Mr. ^ehiitz, and signed his name in the city's Edmund de Rothschild, great-grandson of the golden Book. He told a press conference that agency's first customer. Reuter was born Israel ^here had been opposition to his tour of MAX BROD ARCHIVES IN TEL AVIV Beer Josaphat in 1816 in Kassel as the son of ^ermany at home, but that he was very glad the local rabbi. He was baptised at 28. A year to have come. He was impressed by the The Max Brod Archives in Israel, which in­ later he married Ida Maria Magnus, daughter ^^rength of the links between West Berlin clude the author's library of 5,000 volumes, of a wealthy Berlin Jewish banker who helped *nd Jerasalem. manuscripts of published and unpublished him financially to become a partner in a book­ works, scripts of lectures and some of his selling business. Later he emigrated to correspondence, have now been operating in England and became a naturalised British NEW FRUIT AND FLOWERS Tel Aviv as a private centre of literary and subject. He died in Nice in 1899. musical research for 5 years. They were estab­ Tr^he agricultural institute of the Hebrew lished after Brod's death in 1970 and are i^niversity is experimenting with New Zealand administered by his former secretary. Dr. Ilse Jewish Barmaid in Belfast f~^. fruit for commercial purposes. In the Esther Hoffa. They comprise among other i^ugious Kibbutz Tirat Zvi a new flower has things the first manuscripts in Hebrew of Max Miss Tsipi Menasherov is the first-ever Jew­ ^e^n created, a black iris which is said to be Brod's lectures in Israel on Shakespeare, ish barmaid in Belfast. She was bom in Israel ironger and more durable than yellow or Kafka, Mahler and Heine, and his correspond­ and comes from Tel Aviv. She said she chose eiw ^^ plants. Most of the new plants are ence as literary adviser and producer of the Belfast because the people there were so *Ported to European countries. Habima National Theatre—(ICJC Newsletter). friendly. Page 6 AJR INFORMATION Febraary 1977

Gabriele Tergit Hermann hat ausser seinen Romanen AutO; biographisches geschrieben, das er "Die Kette nannte, herrliche Texte zu Photobiichero iiber Abseitiges in Deutschland, "Marktlauben in GEORG HERMANN Gorlitz" zum Beispiel. Er hat aus seinen Studien fUr Jettchen Gebert "Das Biedermeier Eine neue Biographie im Spiegel seiner Zeit" gemacht. Ich weiss nicht, war die plotzliche Biedenneierei, Georg Hermann war ein Lieblingsschrift- Gebert" schrieb Kohn weiter: "In ihren Tapeten mit Kranzchen, birkene und obst- steller der deutschen, besonders der Berliner, Familienziigen sind mit gleicher meisterhafter holzeme Mobel erst da oder Einfluss, von Juden. Von Jettchen Gebert (1906) und von Sicherheit die Rassenzuge eingepragt. . . . Es Hermanns Roman. Er selbst hatte mit diesen Henriette Jacoby (1908) wurden 168,000 Exem­ ist das Leben und die Geschichte eines Studien zum erstenmal "etwas gefunden, das plare verkauft. Nach 1951 wurde der Roman verbundenen Ganzen, einer Familie, eines mitschwingt—selbst Liebe und Frauen hatten in der Bundesrepublik mlt 86,000 Exemplaren Volkes, einer Rasse, das hinter dem Schicksal bisher mehr eriogenen als Bedeutungsinhalt. und in der DDR, bei einem Drittel der Be­ jedes einzelnen stent und von dem sich sein Alles andre ist mir bisher tot geblieben : Staat, volkerung, mit 40,000 Exemplare neu aufgelegt. Lebensbild abhebt, sicher ruhend und fest Familie, soziale Beziehungen, Handel Erwerb Von Georg Hermanns Gesamtwerk wurden in getragen von Banden des Blutes, vom Boden . . . Kunstgeschichte ist es, die mich ganz der BDR 112,000 und in der DDR 130,000 ver­ der Tradition". Arthur Sakheim stellt einfach erfullt." Aber seine uberfullten Hauser hatten kauft. Weit grosser als in Deutschland war fest: "Weder Schnitzler noch Wassermann mehr mit Geschmacklerei als mit Kunst zu tun. Hermanns Beliebtheit in Holland. Noch 1938 oder Hermann sind vom judischen Urlebens- Jedenfalls konnte er alles nach Hilversum erschien bei "De Arbelterpress" Jettchen Ge­ kreis unnatiirlich entfernt". Bemhard Kauf- mitnehmen, und die Hollander erliessen ihm bert in einer Auflage von 25,000. Von 1921-26 hold schreibt in der D.D.R. Ausgabe Uber dafiir, dass er es aufstellte und besichtigen schrieb Hermann eine wochentliche Litera- Jason : "Er versagt wie das deutsche Biirger- liess, die Wohnsteuer. turspalte im "Algemeen Handelsblad". Seine tum iiberhaupt, zoUt dem bomierten Standes- Werke waren Pflichtlektiire in Schulen, "kein bewusstsein Tribut und iibt Verrat am Gluck Liere mit seiner bewunderswerten Syste­ Gebildeter konnte ihn ignorieren". Aber ob­ seiner Schiitzlinge". Hermann schreibt vor dem matik stellt fest, dass in den Gebertroraanen wohl er nur fiinf Jahre verboten war (1940- ersten Weltkrieg von dem "stillen friedfertigen sechzehnmal der Satz vorkommt: "Una es 45) hat ihn sein gewaltiger hollandischer Ruhm Kampf auf Leben und Tod, der zwischen den kam wie es kommen musste". Das ist Calvin- nicht iiberlebt. Keine Zeitung oder Zeitschrift alteingesessenen Geberts und den aus dem ismus, die furchtbare Leugnung des freien hat ihn je wieder, auch nur seinen Tod in Osten eingewanderten Jacobys wiitete". Liere Willens, ist ebenso unjUdisch wie der Selbst­ Auschwitz, erwahnt, geschweige denn dass je schreibt: "Nachdem nicht weniger als sechzehn- mord aller Hauptfiguren Hermanns. Ais ein Buch von ihm wieder aufgelegt worden mal betont wird, dass Jacoby aus Posen Verleger und Freunde ihn hinderten, das ware. stammt", erlautert Jason Gebert: "Und weisst hervorragende Abbild einer ganzen jiidischen du, wo er eigentlich her ist? Aus Bentschen! Berlin W Frauengeneration, "Ellen Stein" in Jetzt ist von C. G. van Liere in Amsterdam . . . Und wenn man dort durch die einzige "Traume der Ellen Stein" auch mit Selbstmora bei RODOPI ein faszinierendes Buch "Den Strasse geht, musst du die Augen zumachen, enden zu lassen, fand er den Sinn seines Toten von Auschwitz", erschienen, das sich ganz feste zu—sonst stehlen sie dir das Weisse Buches zerstort, obwohl diese Frauen die modem und bescheiden "Georg Hermann, Ma­ aus den Augen. . . . Natiirlich dieser kleine ersten Anwaltinnen und Aerztinnen waren, terialien zur Kenntnis seines Lebens und seines Junge aus Bentschen wird hier seinen Weg bei Ullstein Zeitschriften herausgaben una Werkes" nennt, in dem jede Zeile durch machen. So etwas kommt nach Berlin wie die nach der Emigration in ailer Welt Dozentinnen Fussnoten belegt ist. Der Bankrott von Georg Fliege nach dem Siruptopf." "Und die anderen und oft noch spat heirateten. Hermann nabm Hermanns Vater, seine Schuldhaft und Pfan- werden Sieger bleiben", fUgt Jason bitter nicht zur Kenntnis, dass die Juden Optimisten dung fUhrten zu einer "entbehrangsreichen hinzu. sind: "Und Gott sah an alles was er gemacnt Jugend" (Liere) und Hermanns erste Tage- hatte, und siehe da, es war alles sehr gut. bucheintragung lautete: "Ich ware gern mit Trotz seiner Liebe zum deutschen Geistes- Grete Schlittschuh gelaufen. Aber meine Stie­ erbe und zu Berlin, und trotzdem er vor Ist das nicht tief beruhigend ? Wir sind fel waren so zerrissen, dass ich mich nicht 1914 gesagt hatte, dass der Zionismus ein wie der Mauerpfeffer, wo ein Ruch von Erae herantraute." Notabene auf der Rousseau-Insel, Problem sei, das er 95% vemeine, zu 4% ist, schlagen wir Wurzeln. Salvador Madriga, im teuersten Viertel Berlins. Er fiihlt sich arm, bezweifle und zu 1% bejahe, kommen ihm der hebraische Daten auf Dokumenten entdecKt verletzbar, hilf- willen-und entschlusslos. Nach nach 1919 Zweifel; die Deutschen hatten sich hat, glaubt sogar, dass Kolumbus ein Marrane seinem ersten Roman "Spielkinder" beklagte als schlechte Siegelbewahrer der Menschheit war, der Amerika als Fluchtland vor der er sich: "Aber keiner sagte eigentlich, dass bewahrt. Er habe das Gefuhl, "dass die Inquisition fiir die Juden gesucht und entdecKi er etwas vne ein verhaltenes Schluchzen hore, Gedanken der Menschheit bisher noch bei hat. Auch ist Hermanns Gleichsetzung utieran wenn er das Buch lase." Aber sein Bruder den modernen weit fortgeschrittenen Juden und immer von lebenstiichtig mit unanstanaig Ludwig Borchardt hat eine der grossten Kar- am besten aufgehoben sind". 1925 erschiitterte und von schwachlich mit verfeinert einfacn rieren eines deutschen Juden iiberhaupt ge­ ihn das Heft "Der Jude" mit einer Umfrage falsch. macht. Dr. phil. h. c. Dr. Ing. h. c, 21 Jahre bei Hermann Stehr, Otto Flake, Otto Schmitz, lang Direktor des deutschen archaologischen und Wolfgang Schumann iiber Antisemitismus. Hermann ging 1933 nach Hilversum. T>ie Instituts in Kairo, weltberiihmter Ausgraber "Wenn es in den Kopfen . . . dieser deutschen Witwe seines Bruders Ludwig, Mimi Cohen- von Tel el .A^maraa samt Nofretetebiiste. Sein Schriftsteller von hoher Klugheit, deren Borchardt in der Schweiz, setzte ihm eine Brader Heinrich war Messelschuler, der in Menschlichkeit liber allem Zweifel erhaben monatliche Rente aus. Nach der deutschen Stralsund ein Warenhaus fiir die Wertheims ist, schon so aussieht. . . . Es ist nicht richtig, Invasion mochte er auf die Liste der proim- baute, die von dort kamen. Er nannte Her­ dass das deutsche Volk das Wirtsvolk der nenten Hollander, die nach Kamp Barneveii manns "Spielkinder" "Spiilkinder". deutschen Juden ist. Der deutsche Jude ist kommen, gesetzt werden. Freunde und Wider- ein voll heimatberechtiger Bestandteil des standler bitten ihn, sich von Tochter una Hermann hat erst mit zwanzig Jahren sein deutschen Volkes. Ein Bismarck wollte die Enkel aus zweiter Ehe zu trennen. Fur aJie Elnjahriges bestanden. Der Vorfahr der Juden in Deutschland so wenig missen wie waren sichere Fluchtadressen da. Er tat es Fariiilie war Rabbi Schmuel, der 1720 aus das Glas Sekt beim Essen". nicht. Im Febraar 1942 hatten andre Freunde Oesterreich nach Berlin kam, und dessen ihm die Staatsbiirgerschaft von Paraguay geistiger Kopf bei Liere abgebildet ist. Von Diese Broschure "Der doppelte Spiegel" verschafft. So wie er sich in der Jugena ihm stammen die Familien Veit-Simon und endet mit "Richtig ist vielmehr, dass, wie Shaw gesehen hatte, hilf-, vidUen-und entschlussioh, Bleichroder. Geberts gehorten durch Heirat sagte, die Juden Europa die Religion, die ging er auf nichts ein. Der geschiedenen Manu dazu. Einer soil Hof juwelier gewesen sein, ein Gesetze, das Theater, den Journalismus, die der Tochter bekam schliesslich Palastma- anderer stand an der Spitze der Berliner Finanzen, die historische Tradition, die Erloser, zertifikate fiir alle drei im Austausch gegen " Kaufmannschaft am Brandenburger Tor, als die Revolutionare gegeben haben. Es 1st nicht Palastina lebende Deutsche. Die grossi" 1815 die Verbiindeten einzogen. richtig, dass es ein deprimierendes Gefuhl sei, Schwierigkeit war die Beschaffung von Fas»: Erstaunlich ist, dass Hermann in seinem Jude zu sein. Es ist aber richtig, dass es fiir fotos. Als sie eintraf en, vmrden Tochter unu Roman die wahren Namen der Geberts benutzt, den Juden in einer nur noch auf Mord ein- Henriette / Jettchen, Salomon, Jason, Ferdi­ gestellten Welt ein deprimierendes Gefuhl ist, Enkel erst nach Bergen/Belsen geschicKv. nand, so wie er in "Kubinke" seine drei Mensch und auch Deutscher zu sein". Erstaun- gelangten im Februar 1944 nach Palastina un" Dienstmadchen mit ihren richtigen Namen licherweise teilt Erich Gottgetreu mit, dass leben dort auf einem Kibbuz. beschreibt. die Broschure sofort von unbekannter Hand Fiir Georg Hermann war es zu spat. Va Natiirlich blieben Hermanns Romane nicht aufgekauft worden sei, wie Hermann meinte, Liere zitiert das niederlandische Rote Krf QAS von Auslegungen verschont. Hans Kohn "offensichtlich einer vorsichtig-jiidischen". "Georg Hermann wurde am 16. November l»j nennt sie 1922, wie Liere schreibt, "mit diesem Sein immer milder werdender Antizlonismus aus rassischen Grunden und zwar wege damals modischen Begriff Romane des Ent­ hatte tiefe Wurzeln : "Jedes andre Volk hatte judischer Abstammung vom K.L. Westerbor^ wurzelten" (Gustav Krojanker, "Juden in der die Eisenkugel Staat am Bein klirren. So nach Auschwitz deportiert. Obengeiianni deutschen Literatur"). Ueber "Jettchen kommt es, dass die andem immer Macht Person gilt als gestorben am 19. November dachten, Erweiterung, Herrschen, Unterjochen, Auschwitz". Kampf. So kommt es, dass der Deutsche BELSIZE SQUARE SYNAGOGUE Gegenwart denkt und der Jude Zukunft". So 51 Belaize Square, Landon, N.W.S gehorte er 1914 zu den Seltenen, die den CAMPS SYNAGOGUE SERVICES Kriegstaumel nicht mitmachten, als Rilke in INTERNMENT—P.o.W.— einem "Kriegsalmanach" "Funf GesSnge" FORCED LABOUR—KZ are held regularly on the Eve of Sabbath verbffentlichte und Martin Buber "Eine I wis*i to buy cards, errvelopes and folded P°^" and Festivals at 6.30 p.m. and on the day Hymne an den Kriegsgott" dichtete und "In marked letters from all oampe of both wortd wart- ein Stammbuch 1914" in einer Anthologie, die Please send, registered m»il, stating price, to: at 11 a.m. sich "Der Tag bricht an" nannte, als die PETER C. RICKENBACK ALL ARE CORDIALLY INVITED Lichter ausgingen iiber Europa. 14 Rosslyn HIII, London, N.W.3 ___ n'mtm'Sfm.'vmtmiissF-H'.'miKSHKM

AJR INFORMATION Febraary 1977 Page 7

Margot PottlUser Egon Laraen OLD TALES FROM THE A LAWYER'S STORY BOHEMIAN Vi^OODS "Lawyers over 45 are unsuitable for emigra­ there were in plenty. The little colony devel­ "Salt and Gold: Tales from Czechoslovakia", tion'. Alas, this advice, given by the official oped an intense cultural life which gradually retold by Marie Burg (Blackie, 1976, £2-85), German advisory Board for Emigration, lost its came to include Brazilian culture as well. with a beautiful jacket picture by Trevor meaning for Jewish lawyers after 1933, though They had to learn Portuguese quickly, because Stubley, takes its title from a fairy-tale with for years many of them realised that there most of their labourers could neither read a strong regional flavour. It stresses the value was more than a grain of truth in it. In a nor write and had to be given explicit instruc­ of salt, and dwells on the importance and new country they often found that their highly tions in their own language. The Brazilian fascination of a salt mine: a story clearly specialised training and experiance made it authorities were benevolent and helpful, and rooted in Bohemian history—but also with far more difficult for them than for members it was natural for the settlers to apply for echoes of German folk-tales. In fact, several of other professions to find employment that Brazilian nationality as soon as possible. When stories in this charming collection may be was even remotely connected with their former the war was over. Dr. Maier had to acquire said to straddle the Central European front­ life. Most of them had to earn their living a new legal library in two languages and iers; their motifs also appear, in different by doing uncongenial work or else to rely keep abreast of post-war German legislation, forms, among the tales retold by the Grimm on their wives' earnings until the advent of because his advice was eagerly sought by brothers, such as "The Clever Peasant Girl", restitution made it possible for them to return neighbours and employees. Both he and his "The Three Golden Hairs of Grandad Know- to their own sphere. wife paid a few visits to Germany in the all", or "The Twelve Months"—^personified •fifties, but they decided that return was out by twelve obliging men who help little Mar- Of course there were exceptions. Sometimes of the question, even though he was offered ushka to cope with the impossible tasks de­ an old hobby became the springboard for a high legal office. They knew when they manded of her by an ugly and jealous step­ new career, and not unfrequently the founda­ returned to Rolandia after their first trip sister; this is reminiscent of the Cinderella tion of an amazing success-story. An unusual story. example of such a story is to be found in that this was where they were at home. Like the reminiscences of the former Frankfurt newcomers everywhere, they also knew that But there are other, typically Czech tales, lawj'er Max Hermann Maier who died a few they would never quite belong — as the some with heroes that strike the reader as months ago at the age of 85.* children of their friends, the new generation, forerunners of the good soldier Schwejk: belonged. They had made a new life but it though not particularly brainy, they are wily Dr. Maier had been a successful and highly was based on the spiritual values which had boys or girls of solid peasant stock, who seem regarded lawj-er before 1933, and after the given meaning to their endeavours and which able always to get the better of powerful Nazis came to power he was kept busy advising formed a link with their own past and that people, including the devil; and the story would-be emigrants on legal and financial of their friends. It is for this spiritual back­ of the firebird features the vixen Ryska who matters. In the course of this work, he came ground that this adventure story of a German behaves very much like a typical, practically across a prospectus of London Plantations Ltd., lawyer is more than just an isolated experi­ minded Czech, while betraying its Russian a British firm which for some years had been ence and deserves to be widely read and origin: a raven is sent to the Black Sea for settling people in Brazil to clear part of admired. life-giving water. Very interesting is the the jungle in the province of North Parana. character of the "Lord of the Giant Moun­ Erich Koch-Weser, a leading member of the tains," Krakonosh, who reminds us of Robin German Democratic Party, had emigrated DACHAU PAST AND PRESENT Hood, playing "many an unkind trick on the there in 1933 and on various visits to Germany mean and wicked" but showing kindness to tried to persuade Jevrish and non-Jewish Postscript to the 1972 Olympic Games the poor and humble. In fact, he is none other friends to follow his example. By paying There is general agreement to the proposi­ than the spirit of the Riesengebirge, Riibezahl, nioney in Germany to London Plantations Ltd., whom we know from the Musaus collection of it was possible to obtain a fairly acceptable tion to name a street in the Bavarian capital in honour of the Jewish competitors and the German folk-tales. rate of exchange, as the firm spent it on local policemen killed by PLO terrorists German components for the railway it was during the Olympic Games in Munich. One These fairy-stories from Czechoslovakia, with building to open up its Brazilian possessions. suggestion was to re-name part of the their delightful pictures by Trevor Stubley, T)t. Maier and his wife took the chance, and Dachauer Strasse which leads from the city may come from a variety of sources, but they on November 10, 1938, the day after the centre to Dachau "Street of the Sth Septem­ have much in common, especially a sense of Rristallnacht, they left Frankfurt where his ber" to commemorate the outrage. The citizens humour, good repartees, cunning and practi­ forbears had been scholars and rabbis for of Munich welcome this suggestion all the cality, as is to be expected from characters nearly four hundred years. During a week's more as they are well aware that the name with names like Manka or Janik or Honza. "Dachauer Strasse" evokes in visitors mem­ One would probably be looking in vain in the stay in London before boarding the ship that ories not of a pretty old town but of the *as to take them to Brazil, they were husy concentration camp which the Nazis set up folk-tales of other countries for a sentence alerting the public to the dangers threatening near it—one of the first and worst in the such as this : "Just give me the money. That'll the German Jews and managed to secure visas Third Reich. do for me. I'm not asking for the princess— for a few of their friends in concentration Other suggestions for a commemoration are I know of a prettier girl." camps. They met the Frankfurt British consul, the erection of a memorial on the site of the Mr. SmaUbones—remembered by many Jews Olympics or the setting up of a club house for of the Frankfurt district for his kindness and cultural purposes. On the Olympic site, now- readiness to help—who had come home to used for many sports and other important DOCUMENTATION ON JEWS FROM LAHR impress on the British Goverament and on functions, there is a plaque with inscriptions For three years a retired school mistress. private organisations the urgency of immediate in German and Hebrew which was fixed by Miss Hildegard Kattermann, has researched large-scale help for the victims of the pogrom. Munich Jews to the house where the victims the history and fate of the Jews of the town had stayed before they were taken hostage of Lahr. The results of her research have now and murdered. It is often decorated with been published as a booklet by the munici­ The Maiers reached their new home in flowers. There is, however, still a feeling that the Brazilian jungle early in 1939. The district pality of Lahr, and they are very impressive this plaque should be supplemented by an mdeed. Some 450 Jews are listed alphabetic­ ^as called "Rolandia". after Roland the Giant official local gesture. The Prime Minister of ally with details of their curricula, their occu­ outside the town hall of Bremen, the home Bavaria, Mr. Goppel, pleased the liberal citi­ pation and their eventual fate—all of them town of Erich Koch-Weser. For the next 20 zens of Munich and the Jews when he put a lived in Lahr between 1862 and 1942. 175 of years, they and their neighbours, quite a few wreath in front of the memorial plaque in the them died a natural death, 70 were deported ?f them former Jewish lawyers, cultivated the Munich Olympic campus at the opening of and murdered, and another 140 left the coun­ jungle and transformed it into highly fertile this year's Olympic (James in Montreal and try, more than 50 per cent for the U.S.A. In land. They grew vegetables, frait and herbs stood in silence for a few minutes. spite of the assistance of officials and private tor their own use and for sale, but for their E. GOTTGETREU collaborators, more than 40 "cases" remained unsolved. The accompanying text gives details uvelihood they relied on coffee which they of the fate of the Lahr Jews between 1933 and Planted in accordance with highly scientific BECHSTEIN STEINWAY BLUTHNER October 1940 when, together with more than ["odera methods. They had brought most of 6.000 fellow victims from Baden, the Pala­ jneir books with them, with one exception: Finest selection reconditioned PIANOS tinate and the Saar, they were deported to J^n leaving Frankfurt, Dr. Maier decided that Always interested In purchasing Gurs in the South of France and from there "e had finished with jurispradence and left to the camps in the East. Reference is also ^U his legal text-books behind. Other books well-preserved instruments. made to Ludwig Frank, the social democratic Reichstag deputy, bom in Nonnenweiler near Kafi.f^i Hermann Maier: Eln Frankfurter Rechtsanwalt wird JAQUES SAMUEL PIANOS LTD. Lahr and killed in France during the first few aran, ''™""'' '•" Urwald Braslllens. Bericht eines Emi- weeks of the First World War. He had volun­ fg^^'«n. 1938-1975. 143pp. Josef Knecht, Frankfurt am Main, 142 Edgware Road, W.2 Tel.: 723 8818/9 teered for service in the Army. E.G.L. Page 8 AJR INFORMATION February 1977

Arno Reinfrank he, too, is a victim of German history. His work must be seen against the background of real rather than of semantic history. When his university teachers stepped into swastika- JACOB'S VOICE IN FEDERAL GERMANY adorned lecture rooms, a young student, entered in the camp register as Paul Ancel, Paul Celan died in May, 1970, and I am follow her oin the road to reconciliation. was first to dig the sodl. When his day of afraid that with the years passing, his name Where she achieved deepest religious con­ liberation came, the same university teachers will increasingly serve as a catchword for viction, he stopped. Yet, in his poems, he not evaded an honest reckoning with their past German demagogues, while understanding for only recalls the misdeeds of the past, he also by inventing new "linguistic science theories". his work is continuously diminishing. He points to the damage the Nazis did not to At that time, Paul Celan published his firs* shares this fate with many Jewish writers Jews alone, but to the fundamental belief in volume of poetry in the language he had kept who survived the Nazi Holocaust to give evi­ main's ability to resist immoral actions. This wrapped up in his love—the Germaii of pre­ dence in Jacob's Voice as Paul Celan has is our reality and it is hard to stand up to. war days. called one of his poems. Many young Germans, How can anyone claim to have grasped the like the author of the book under review* full extent of the devastation ? "Welches Wort To restrict oneself to the comparative and queued to visit him in Paris, but with their du sprichst, du dankst es dem Verderben . . ." semantic aspects of a poet's work, as Mr. peculiar brand of "indolence neurosis", they wrote Celan. Voswinckel was taught to do, must be a futile undertaking. At a time when he graduated, only added to his misery. Now the young Four years after his death, the book under poetry critics who busfly dissect the body Celan had already learned to use the Voice of review was published as "a first attempt at an Jacob sparingly, surrounded as he was by a of his work, are a mixed crowd. Some seem interpretation", notwithstanding the fact that to derive a secret delight from dealing with flood of apologetics. He soon realised that his Suhrkamp had previously published comments own inventiveness remained the effort of one a poet who in their view has enabled them on two different works of the poet. There by his suicide to see "for real" what their man against many, against the circus tricks is a forceful logic in the cool method of lifting performed in post-war German universities. fathers had only seen "in action"— the tor­ a poet into the sphere of "pure scholarship", mented end of a victim of barbarism. by neglecting has background, his knowledge Celan's despair can be read in every poem. of Jewish lore, his experience of family life It may surprise Mr. Voswinckel, but I cannot Paul Celan did his utmost to gjve expression spare him the terrible accusation to have to unfathomable horrors and their implications and family quarrels, his openness to the world —all this suddenly dissolves into the brutal once more administered a kick in Celan's face for the present. Of course he poses inescapable by ignoring the dialectic interrelation between questions. To answer them, requires human reality of deportation, mass murder, forced labour and deprivation. A poem dealing with hard facts and the articulateness of this hyper­ subtlety blended with courage, and Celan once sensitive poet. The English language distin­ told me that he could forgive anything but a gang of concentration camp prisoners (figging a hole, probably their own grave, thus sud­ guishes between "to be clever" and "to be lack of courage. intelligent". Almost 250 clever pages are Younger than Nelly Sachs, and, unlike her, denly finds itself compared to Novalis. Did not young Novalis (Freiherr von Hardenberg) not even complementary to the Intelligence living in France, a country full of the with which Celan recognised the need for reminders of Nazi occupation, Celan could not deal with digging in his father's mine works ? There are many mystifications of this kind in an Old Testament stoning in order to re­ * Klaus Voswinckel: Paul Celan, Verwelgarte Poetlslerung the book. One is glad to note that the author introduce justice to the world. Yet . . . "Die der Welt. Versuch einer Deutung. Lothar Stiehm. Heidel­ hellen Steine ... sie wollen nicht treffen . • • berg, 242pp. DM 86. is knowledgeable about the Parts students' revolt in 1968 and the Vietnam war—it didn't happen with German participation anyway. Perhaps this is the sum total of his insight into politics. To be fair, there are some glimpses of insight such as on page 212 : ". . . es ist der Literaturkritik nicht als Lob anzurechnen, dass sie in ihren Rezensionen immer nur wieder DUNBEE-COMBEX-MARX den EUchter des Schweigens und des Ver- stummeos hervorhob". It would have saved Mr. Voswinckel a lot of speculation about LTD. Celan's suffering if he had tried to find out why this has happened. It is his tragedy that

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A. Rosenberg OBITUARY ULI NIMPTSCH ROMANTIC REVOLUTIONARY The sculptor Uli Nimptsch has died in Lon­ don, aged 79. He trained as a sculptor in his If every human being is a question and a to me. The rise of the most virulent and de­ native Berlin, in Paris and Rome and came to this countrj' in 1937. He soon became com­ problem then every autobiography poses ques­ grading antisemitic propaganda and mentality pletely identified with English art. He was tions, raises problems. Max Fuerst was born in in Germany didn't seem to have made any encouraged by Philip Hendfy, director of the 1905. He is therefore a contemporary of the Impression at all. Many Jews were depressed, Leeds Art Gallery. In 1958 Liverpool bought older generation of refugees from Germany felt humiliated, suffered from inferiority com­ his bronze Olympia. He was chosen to do the to which I belong. To say it straightaway, this plexes or were Immensely sad—yet Max Fuerst statue of Lloyd George for the Members Lobby second volume of his autobiography* deals with had his mission, his belief in a more beautiful of the House of Commons and a bust of Bren­ the most exciting, disturbing and perhaps most world, the loyalty of his many friends and dan Bracken for Bracken House, London. In tragic period in our lives: the late twenties the deep love of and for Margot, his wife. 1958 he was elected an associate of the Royal His sufferings at the hands of the Nazis form Academy and in 1967 he became a full Acade­ and early thirties of this century. And further, mician. In 1973, he became the first sculptor it makes us face the problem; what should we, one of the most moving chapters in his to be given a retrospective exhibition at the young Jews in Germany, have done amidst book. Royal Academy. He created many nude figures the electrifying rise of Communism and Nat­ We middle class people tend to forget that and said they were so full of vitality because ional Socialism. Max had no doubt at all. As completely differing values might dominate he never used a model over the age of 24. a boy in Koenigsberg he belonged to the a man's life. Max tells us of his wanderings, Deutsch-Jiidischen Wanderbund Kameraden. friendships and his love for Margot in much CHARLES COWARD But he recognised that the mildly socialist detail, the background is always the uncer­ outlook of that organisation was not for him. Mr. Charles Coward, a former British tainty in material things, somebody who sim­ sergeant-major In the Royal Artillery, who Thus he and his friends split from the "Kam­ ply does not bother about status, money and helped 400 Jews to escape from Auschwitz eraden' and founded the "Schwarze Haufen". economic security. He has always enough where he was held as a prisoner-of-war, has The name itself was chosen as a challenge. In money to help those in need and we encounter died. From the camp where he and some of contrast to the "Kameraden", the new move­ the oddest characters, remarkable in their own his fellow-prisoners were sent to work in 1940. ment was revolutionary. The author stresses way. he established contacts with Jews, helped that it was not affiliated to any party but some Let me mention a few purely technical them to commit sabotage and organised the of its members belonged to the Communist blemishes. There are a number of printing escape described in John Castle's book "The Party or to the Communist Youth. Hans Litten, errors: Hauptmann's first name is spelled Ger­ Password is Courage"; the book also quotes Fuersts mentor and leading light of the hart, there are some unnecessary repetitions. a letter of recognition written by the AJR. "Schwarzer Haufen", was a member of the The author speaks of the Peace Museum in Mr Coward and his wife visited Israel several Communist Workers Party, the KAP. It stood times as guests of the Government, and a tree the Parochial Street without mentioning that was planted in his honour in the Avenue of left of the KPD and, we must add, could not the place used to be the Home of the the Righteous Gentiles set up to honour those have been further from real politics. Alto­ "Kameraden". Heckel's famous picture (which who had risked their lives to save Jews. gether the present book can be called a loving is lost) was called "Madonna auf der Zelt- memorial of Litten, this victim of National bahn". I think the narrative is sometimes con­ JAMES HALBERSTADT Socialist inhumanity. fused in its chronology and would perhaps In the twenties. Max made it his duty, profit by a little more concentration. He Mr. James Halberstadt, for many years a his burning mission to travel all over Germany hardly ever mentions the "Kameraden" or the leader of the Berlin Adath Yisroel congre­ to instil in Jewish boys and girls the good "Schwarzer Haufen" in so many words which gation before he came to the U.S. as a refugee news of the destruction of the Establishment can make for misunderstandings. from Nazi oppression, has died in New York aged 90. In Berlin he was the head of a and the construction of a new society, fair, Some interesting thoughts from the book. successful garment manufacturing firm who frateraal, equal and not tainted by exploiting Whilst travelling in a train, it occurs to Max: devoted his tremendous energy to Jewish capitalism. His winning personality and his "Eine Elsenbahnstrecke scheint mir das einzig communal work. His congregation developed obvious selfless honesty won him many Stabile in dieser sich staending veraendemden educational institutions regarded as models followers. Welt zu sein." Or "Ich wundere mich immer, of their kind. Many Jewish organisations apart We are faced with a paradox. First and dass es ueberhaupt moeglich ist, darueber zu from the Adath enjoyed his counsel and in­ foremost. Fuerst was a revolutionary though diskutieren, dass Menschen mehr wissen mues­ spiring leadership. deeply rooted in his native Ostpreussen. Why sen als fuer ihren Beraf noetig ist." Written did he allow himself to be enclosed in and by Max Fuerst the joiner. EDWARD MOCATTA limited by a Jewish organisation? Throughout Mr. Edward Mocatta. the president of the his long book he never mentions that Judaism West London Synagogue and a noted com­ as such meant anything of value or enrich­ munal figure as chairman of the Reform ment for him. OXFORD DICTIONARY TONED DOWN Synagogues of Great Britain, has died at the Something else which seemed astounding age of 60. His family were instramental in the Some years ago Mr. Shloimovitz of Man­ founding of England's first Reform Congrega­ * Max Fuerst: Talisman Scherezade. Die schwierigen chester failed in the High Court to stop the tion in 1840. In the City he was regarded as fwanziger Jahre. Carl Har.ser Verlag. Muenchen 1976. publishers of the various Oxford dictionaries one of Britain's leading bullion brokers. ISBN 3-446-12267-2. DM34 from continuing to use derogatory definitions of the word "Jew". The new supplement H-N CLUB 1943 of the Oxford English Dictlonarj' has now made amends. The offending definitions are AJR Club Vortraege jeden Montag um 8 p.m. im still included but they are qualified by remarks like "These uses are now considered to be BRING AND BUY SALE Hannah Karminski House, offensive". The editor says in the preface that 9 Adamson Road, N.W.S. offensiveness of a word to a particular group, SUNDAY, 27th FEBRUARY, 7 Febraar. The Kol Rinah Choir minority or otherwise, is unacceptable as the (Pioneer Women), geleitet von sole ground for the exclusion of a word or from 2.30 to 6 p.m. Johanna Metzger. JUdische und class of words. andere Lieder. Begleitet von Paul EXAMS ON JEWISH HOLY-DAYS at Hannah Karminski House Lichtenstera. (Side Entrance) 14 Febraar. Dr. Seligmann spricht anlass­ In 1975 the secretariat of the Council of the 9 Adamson Road (Swiss Cottage) lich der Wiederkehr des Geburtstages European Communities in Brassels wished to von Hans Jager. Grete Fischer liest recrait a legal translator of English. Written in aid of aus den Memoiren von Hans Jager. tests for the post were to be held on Friday, 21 Febraar. Dr. Alfons Rosenberg: Was May 16, of that year. One of the applicants. Gertrud Schachne Fund ist der Mensch? Wandlungen in der Mrs. Vivien Prais, of Hampstead, informed the Margaret Jacoby-Orgler Fund Kunst des Portrats. council in April that as an Orthodox Jewess she would not be able to sit the examination as Ahavah Children's Home In Israel 28 Febraar. Freda Schulmann. Ch.N. that day would be Shavuot. The council re­ Bialik, der jiidisch-hebr^ische Dichter fused to give her a test on another date, and Entrance 20p. Refreshments 20p. und seine Zeit. she was therefore unable to compete. Subse­ 7 Marz. Dr. Kurt Pfliiger: Die Revo- quently she sued the council in the European The AJR Club would appreciate It if lutionierung des Europaischen (Dourt which rejected her claim, but advised members of the AJR would contribute gifts Theaters. Das Meininger Hoftheater. the administration of the coimcil to attempt to and support the SALE i>y their attendance. avoid holding tests on such dates. Page 10 AJR INFORMATION February 1977 HANS WALLENBERG HONOURED mSCELLANEOUS The Great Federal Service Cross was awarded to 69-year-old writer and jouraalist MEMORIAL IN WANNE-EICKEL JERUSALEM EXHIBmON IN BERLIN Hans WaUenberg whose father was editor-in- chief of the old BZ am Mittag. He emigrated A plaque in memory of the former Jewish "Jerusalem is the 'City of Mankind', but its to the U.S. in 1937 and returned to Germany citizens of Wanne-Eickel, who became victims present inhabitants also have their own prob­ in 1945 when he founded the first post-war of the Nazi regime, was recently consecrated lems. In this respect it resembles Berlin, the German newspaper "Neue Zeitung" in Munich. on the site of the former synagogue. In his Since 1960 he has held leading positions in address, Mayor Brauner, himself a former con­ politically most interesting city of Europe". the Axel Springer publishing firm, for some centration camp prisoner, recalled that of the These remarks were included in the address time as editor of Die Welt. 270 former members of the Jewish community by Governing Mayor Klaus Schuetz, when he at least 80 perished in the camps. One of the opened the photo exhibition "Jerusalem—City MAURICE EDELMAN MEMORIAL other speakers at the ceremony was the 92- of Mankind" in Berlin. Other speakers at the year-old last chairman of the Jewish com­ ceremony included the Mayor of Jerusalem, Rabbi Unterman, minister of the Marble munity. Dr. Julius Leeser, who now lives in Arch Synagogue, consecrated a stained glass Jerasalem. Teddy Kollek, and the chairman of the window in memory of the late Maurice German-Israel Society (Bonn), Staatssekretaer Edelman, M.P., who was a regular worshipper. BERTHA PAPPENHEIM BUST a.D.Heinz Westphal. The exhibits had been The window is by the Israeli artist Nehemiah A bust of Bertha Pappenheim, founder of shown first in 1973 in the Israel Museum of Azaz, who has created a number of windows the Jewish Women's Federation in Germany Jerusalem and were later on view in various for the synagogue, and represents the Buming who died in 1936, aged 77, after being ques­ cities of the U.S. and Europe, including Ham­ Bush. tioned by the Gestapo, has been offered to burg, Hanover and Munich. BIRTHDAY CELEBRATION FOR Jewish organisations by the sculptor Fritz J. E.G.L. Kormis who now lives in London. The bust MRS. H. SUSSMAN was made shortly before she died, and the To celebrate the 80th birthday of Mrs. Hilde­ artist is anxious that it should find a perma­ JEWISH SONGS ON RECORD gard Sussman, a celebration was held in the nent home to keep alive the memory of a AJR Club. Mrs. Sussman, a member of the woman best known for the Home for unmarried The gramophone record "Die Neue Grosse Club since its foundation, had been its diligent mothers and women in need of protection, at Sabbatfeier" includes recitals by the Berlin Hon. Treasurer for the past ten years, and Neu-Isenburg near Frankfurt which she set up the feelings of gratitude and affection to her and directed for many years. She also lec­ Chief Cantor Estrongo Nachama, the Berlin were expressed in several particularly nice tured to study circles of the Frankfurt Concert Choir and H. Foss (organ) of works poems and cordial speeches on the occasion, "Judische Lehrhaus" on ethical questions in by Louis Lewandowski, Salomon Sulzer and which was an important event in the history social work. others. E.G.L. of the happy family of Club members.

FAMILY EVENTS Kaumheimer.—Mrs. Minna Kaum­ Situations Vacant CULTURED ELDERLY LADY heimer, of 50 The Drive, London, offers large comfortable bed-sit­ Entries in the column Family N.W.ll, passed away peacefully WE WOULD WELCOME to hear ting room, use of kitchen and bath­ Events are free of charge; any in her sleep on Friday, January from more ladies who would be room at reduced rate for a little voluntary donation would, how­ 14. Deeply mouraed by her loving willing to shop and cook for an assistance and company. Reie^ ever, be appreciated. Texts should family, Ann and Edgar Ivens, her elderly person in their neighbour­ ences required. Suitable for retired be sent in by the 15th of the grandchildren, Peter Ivens and hood on a temporary or permanent or semi-retired lady. Box 641. month. Barbara Donner, and her great­ basis. Current rate of pay £1-00 grandchildren. per hour. Please ring Mrs. Casson 01-624 4449, AJR Employment, for Personal Birthdays Marchand.—Irene passed away appointment. peacefully after a long illness on ELDERLY WIDOWER would H^e The AJR Club extends heartiest to meet domesticated lady over 60 congratulations to its members:— December 26, 1976, (Tebet 5, Situations Wanted 5737). Deeply moumed and sadly to look after him. Two-room flat Mrs. Sofie Lindenbaum and Mr. ALTERATIONS OF DRESSES, with bath and W.C. in same house Ernst Strausz on their OOth birth­ missed by her son, Emst, daugh­ ter-in-law, Rosina, and grand­ etc. undertaken by ladies on our might be available. Box 640. dav and to: Mr. Daniel Hayat, Mrs. register. Phone AJR Employment E.'Mauthner, Mrs. Margaret Meyer, children, Andrew, Michael and Agency, 01-624 4449. WIDOW, in her 60s, independent Miss Else Phillips and Mrs. Irene. 8 Greenhill Avenue, Giff­ means, with comfortable house, no Hildegard I. Sussman on their nock. SURREY AREAS near Richmond/ children, is looking for a kind, 80th birthday. Kew/ Wimbledon, also Hammer­ sympathetic \ridower for com­ Schiiller.—Mrs. Evelyn Schiiller, smith and Putney areas: Lady, car panionship in order to build up a Sinal.—Mr. J. K. Sinai, 124 Hey­ (nee Halle) passed away after a owner available for shopping, new life. When replying, please wood Road, Prestwich. Congratu­ short illness on January 3. Deeply cooking, companionship. Would give telephone number. Box 639- lations, dear Dad, on your 70th mourned by her good friends, Kurt use car for outings, transport, 3-4 birthday. All our best wishes and and Dina Nelke.—Ealing. hours per day, Mondays to Fridays. INFORMATION REQUIRED many more happy returas of the Please contact AJR Employment day for the future. From your Thanks for Condolences -Agency, 01-624 4449. children, Linda-Peter, Geoffrey, Personal Enquiries Henry-Janice and grandson, Lipton. — Mrs. Leni Lipton and NURSING COMPANION. Conti­ Jeremy. her son, Michael, wish to thank all nental lady, German-speaking, Adass Jisroel, Berlin.—Informa­ their friends for their expression seeks non-residential position. Also tion is required from persons of sympathy in their bereavement. night duty and as travelling com­ employed by the "Adass Jisroel > Golden Wedding panion. Please call 01-458 8698 be­ Berlin, 1938/39 in connection vntn CLASSIFIED tween 6 and 9 p.m. Social Insurance, Old Age Pension Heinemann.—Mr. and Mrs. Fred Claims etc. Expenses willingly re­ Heinemann (formerly of Dussel­ The charge in these columns is Accommodation Wanted funded. L. Hulbert, 28 FillebrooK dori), of 96 Boydell Court, Swiss 25p for five words plus 20p for Road, London, Ell 4AT, England- MIDDLE-AGED COUPLE would Cottage, London, N.W.8, will cele- advertisements under a Box No. Frank. — Information required Israte their golden wedding on like the use of two rooms with about Dr. jur. Helen Frank, oi February 6. kitchen and bath for approxim­ Gelnhausen, near Hanau, who was Miscellaneous ately a year as pied a terre, St. appointed the first woman Jug" John's Wood or Swiss Cottage Court Judge in Germany in 19^°; Deaths REVLON MANICURIST / PEDI- area, and offer in exchange for Believed to live in U.S.A. and to CURIST. Will visit your home. same period self-contained, two- be married to a lawyer. Expenses Fielding.—Dr. Gerrard Fielding 01-445 2915. room flat with kitchen and bath gladly refunded. L. Hulbert, Z? (formerly Finkenstein) died in in modern block near sea in Hove. Fillebrook Road, London, Ell 4AA. hospital in Nottingham on Decem­ FAMILY wishes to buy Persian Sussex. Altemative renting of ber 26, 1976, after a long illness. carpet, dining table, chairs, lounge accommodation without exchange Deeply mouraed by his family and suite, divan, etc. 01-458 3010 would be acceptable. Box 642. AJR Enquiries friends. (evening). Accommodation Vacant Bock.—Mr. G. Bock. Last kno«^ Hart.—Dr. jur. Felicia Hart, of FOR SALE. Gas stove, four address 49 Wilbury Road, Hove, 87 Priory Road, London, N.W.6, burners with pilots, like new, SMALL GUEST HOUSE close to Sussex, BNS 3PB. died suddenly on December 30, Electrolux fridge, two years old, Finchley Road, has one or two 1976, aged 73. Deeply mouraed by featherbeds, and other household vacancies. Full board, colour TV. Gruner. — Miss Johanna G^une her son and family and many items. Please phone 01-455 4548 Short or long term. Telephone Last known address 102 Tyrwfli'-'- friends. (mornings only). 01-435 8565 or 01-360 1589. Road, London, SE4 IQB. •'^gwBBraffa'^TOisg'H'

AJR INFORMATION Febraary 1977 Page 11

JEWISH BOOK WEEK 1977 THEATRE AND CULTURAL NEWS Febroary 21 - 24 A Notable Film Revival. Whilst films pro­ Edinburgh Festival shortly after the war, and This year's Jewish Book Week will be held duced under the Nazi regime did not survive reached the zenith of his career by holding from Monday, February 21 to Thursday, Feb­ that period because they adhered to the then the hot seat of General Manager of the raary 24 in the Adolph Tuck Hall, Woburn prevailing ideology, there was one exception Metropolitan Opera House, New York, from House, Upper Wobura Place, London, W.C.l. to the rule, which certainly displeased the 1950 to 1972. The series of lectures wUl be opened on authorities of the day. It is Kautner's "Rom­ Obituary. In November, 1976, this column Monday by a Meir Gertner Memorial Lecture, anze in Moll", starring Marianne Hoppe and reported the last triumph of stage and film to be delivered by Dr. Elizabeth Eppler on Paul Dahlke, produced in 1943. A success actor, Fritz Rasp. He has now died in Munich "The Hungarian Contribution to Jewish Life over 30 years ago and now once more well at the age of 85. Rasp's acting career covered and Letters". There will be a Hebrew Evening received, it is called "one of the great". a period of well over 55 years, including a on Tuesday, and on Wednesday, Miss Lynne Old Plays—New Productions. A revival of spell at Max Reinhardt's Deutsches Theater, Reid-Banks, author of "The L-shaped Room" the ever-popular Scribe comedy "Ein Glas Berlin. He specialised in sinister character will speak about "Writing about Israel." The Wasser" at the Munich "Kleine Komodie im roles, playing criminals, rogues and demonic concluding lecture on Thursday will be given Bayrischen Hof", staged with such reliable looking scoundrels, yet was loved by audiences by Mr. Geoffrey Paul, Editor of the Jewish and colleagues alike. troopers as Susanne Almassy as Duchess of Chronicle on "Turning another Page—The Marlborough and Charles Regnier as Boling- S.B. Responsibilities of a Jewish Press". broke, could not go wrong; equally, a newly- POETRY BY FORMER REFUGEES All lectures commence at 8 p.m. There will, cast "Minna von Barahelm" at the Munich however, also be a Lecture for Senior Citizens Kammerspiele could not fail, because the The Pen Anthology of Contemporary Poetry and members of Jewish Friendship Clubs at periodic performance of "Minna" has re­ New Poems 1976/77 contains poems by two 2 p.m. on Wednesday, where the speaker will mained German tradition. However, Peter Jewish refugee writers, Gerda Meyer and Zadek's idea of a new Shakespeare "Othello" Lotte Kramer. be Mr. Michael Freedland, producer of the at the Hamburg Schauspielhaus with a heavy­ "You Don't Have To Be Jewish" programme. weight Desdemona wearing a bikini was novel FRIEDA STROHMBERG An exhibition of books in Hebrew and Eng­ lish from all over the world will be on display and had a rather mixed reception. A Rediscovered Painter and on sale; it will be open from 7 p.m. on Books for 1977. Two new actor biographies The painter and art teacher, Frieda Strohm- Monday and from 10 a.m. Tuesday to Thursday. have appeared in the bookshops of German berg, who worked and taught in Allenstein As in previous years, the AJR is one of speaking countries. One of them is the from 1910 to 1927 and whose works have the sponsoring organisations of Jewish Book modestly written life story of Will Quadfi,ieg fallen into oblivion, is recalled in a recent who, as some may remember, many years publication by Dr. Erich Trunz, Professor Week, and it is hoped that many members ago gave recitals of German poetry in this emeritus in Kiel, who remembered her from and friends of the AJR will attend its variety country, culminating in the Schiller recital his childhood days. It is planned to exhibit of functions. in 1955, 150 years after the poet's death. In some of her rediscovered paintings in the "Ostdeutsche Galerie" (Regensburg). Together HEINRICII SPIERO CENTENARY contrast, the Curt Juergens' book "Und kein with her husband, the Berlin dentist Dr. bisschen weise" is considered less artistic Albert Jakoby, Frieda Strohmberg lost her The author Heinrich Spiero (Koenigsberg than self-centred, full of personal indiscre­ life in May, 1940, on the flight from Belgium 1876—Berlin 1947) is commemorated by a tions, and bragging of his successes, few of to France. Heinrich Spieroweg in Berlin-Spandau. To which refer to stage and screen. E.G.L. mark the centenary of Spiero's birth, his three daughters. Dr. Sabine Gova (Toulouse), Birthdays: Actress Hilde Krahl, equally at FILM ON REFUGEE EXPERIENCE Josepha Warburg (London) and Christine home in Hamburg and Vienna, where at nisch (Berlin) presented all residents of the present she is rehearsing Strindberg's "Dance Fred Zinneman is at present filming in street with a pamphlet carrying a photo and of Death" at the Akademietheater, celebrated London. The film "Julia", based on the Holly­ brief biography of Heinrich Spiero. His books her 60th birthday; she has been married for wood writer Lillian Hellman's autobiography, include works on Wilhelm Raabe and Detlev ttiore than 30 years to the producer, Wolfgang has Vanessa Redgrave playing a woman who von Liliencron. Protected by his wife, he creates an escape route for Jews out of Nazi survived the Nazi regime in Berlin. He was Liebeneiner. Rudolf Bing, who is "75, became Germany, and .lane Fonda plays Lillian Hell- the founder of the Paulusbund, a relief artistic director of Glyndebourae opera in the mann recruited as a courier with funds to organisation for persecuted "non-Aryan" 'Thirties, was appointed administrator of the finance the refugees. Christians.

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W*ll-appointcd rooms, excellent teed. TV. suite. rooms. Lift to all floors. A spaci­ Garden. Congenial atmosphere. Reasonable * Lounge atlth colour TV. Single rooms from £40-00 p.w. rates. A permanent hom* (or th* eld*rlv. ous colour TV lounge and dining Security and continuity of management * Kosher cuisine. room, excellent kosher cuisine. Ring for appointment: assured bv * Lovely gardens—easy parking. Please telephone Matron for full 01-794 7S05 or 01-452 9768 Mr*. A. Wolff & Mrs. H. WoHf (Jnr) * Day and right nursing. details. 01-20S 2692/01-452 0515 11-12 Thurlow Road, 3 Hemstal Road, London, Plaas* telephone the Matron, 01-45S 0800 85-87 Fordwych Road, N.W.2. London, N.W.S. NW6 2AB TeL: 01-624 8521 Page 12 AJR INFORMATION February 1977 PERSONALIA Letters to the Editor THE PAINTER RUDOLF LEVY DR. F. W. ELKAN, 80 REV. JAMES PARKES 80 Dr. F. W. Elkan (Frankfurt/M), who was comptroller of the Jewish Restitution Suc­ The Rev. Dr. James Parkes, intemationally Material required cessor Organisation (JRSO) from 1951 famous as a pioneer in the field of Jewish- until he retired in 1971, will celebrate Christian relations and co-founder of the iSir,—A German student is writing her doc­ his SOth birthday on February 1. By his Council of Christians and Jews, has just cele­ tor thesis at the University of Munich about responsible position as the chief financial brated his SOth birthday. His activities began the painter Rudolf Levy, who was bom in administrator of the recovered heirless when in the 1920s, as secretary of Inter­ Stettin in 1875 and perished in a Gennan property in the US Zone he became the national Student Council, he first encountered concentration camp. He was related to me trusted and highly esteemed colleague of antisemitism in the operation of a numems all those who co-operated with him as senior clausus against Jewish students in Eastem and, like other members of the family, I o.m ofl&cials of the leading intemational Jewish Europe. His work and influence has been trying to assist the student in supplying her organisations. Notwithstanding his retirement, recognised by universities and leamed socie­ with relevant material. he is still active in a voluntary capacity as the ties. He has published a great number of books Hon. Treasurer of the German sections of the Rudolf Levy was a pupil and friend of Children and Youth Aliyah and of the Friends on the various manifestations of antisemitism Matisse and, up to 1933, his works loere shown of the Leo Baeck Institute. A legally trained and ways to combat it. His vast library on the subject has been given to the university of in several German galleries. In 1933, he emi­ economist, Berlin-bom Dr. Elkan emigrated grated to France and, after many vicissitudes, to this country in 1939, and from 1944 to Southampton. 1951 held a position with the Victor Gollancz was ultimately caught by the Gestapo. In the publishing firm. His SOth birthday serves as RECOGNITION FOR VOLUNTARY course of the post-war years, his work has a welcome opportunity to thank this capable WELFARE WORK become increasingly appreciated, and many and unassummg man for his devoted services public galleries in Germany now own a Rudolf and to extend to him our sincerest congratula­ tions. EGL Mr. Walter Schaefer, a member of the AJR, Levy. On the other hand, many of his works recently resigned from his position as volun­ have been dispersed by emigration of their UNIVERSITY MEDAL FOR DR. H. BACH tary welfare officer at the Clerkenwell County owners. It is quite likely that there are Dr. Hans Bach has been awarded the Golden Court. His ten years of devoted and efiective examples of his work also in England and Honorary Medal of the University of Bonn in services were recognised in letters written to that there are also old friends of his in this recognition of his outstanding biography of country who may give information about him- Jacob Bemays (reviewed in the April, 1975 him by the Lord Chancellor and the Judges issue of this journal). Jacob Bemays, a classi­ and the Registrar of the County Coiul;, who I should be grateful to any of your readers cal scholar and observant Jew, spent the particularly stressed Mr. Schaefer's genuine loho might be able to let me have material or major part of his working life as professor sympathy and understanding for the cases information which I would pass on to the extraordinary at Bonn University. The bio­ that have been referred to him. student in Munich who has shown so much graphy by Hans Bach is the only comprehen­ sive biography of the scholar, who, in many Mr. Schaefer has found a successor for his understanding for the man and his work. respects, was a unique personality. We extend work. But it is understood that there is a par­ (Dr.) K. E. HINRICHSEN our sincerest congratulations to our friend Dr. ticular demand for this kind of voluntary Bach on the well-deserved recognition of his work, which might be of interest to young 13 Hillside Gardens, work. retired business people. London, N.S.

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