Clotel; Or, the President's Daughter
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Witness for Freedom: Curriculum Guide for Using Primary Documents
WITNESS FOR FREEDOM A Curriculum Guide for Using Primary Documents to teach Abolitionist History By Wendy Kohler and Gaylord Saulsberry Published by The Five College Public School Partnership 97 Spring Street, Amherst, MA 01002 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The Witness for Freedom project began in 1995 with the vision of Christine Compston, then Director of the National History Education Network. She approached Mary Alice Wilson at the Five College Public School Partnership with the idea of developing an institute for social studies teachers that would introduce them to the documents recently published by C. Peter Ripley in Witness for Freedom: African American Voices on Race, Slavery, and Emancipation. Together they solicited the participation of David Blight, Professor of History at Amherst College, and author of Frederick Douglass’ Civil War: Keeping Faith in Jubilee. The Witness for Freedom Summer Institute was held in 1996 under their direction and involved twenty teachers from Western Massachusetts. The project was made possible by a grant from the National Historical Publications and Records Commission of the National Archives with additional support from the Nan and Matilda Heydt Fund of the Community Foundation of Western Massachusetts. The publication of this guide by Wendy Kohler and Gaylord Saulsberry of the Amherst Public Schools offers specific guidance for Massachusetts teachers and district personnel concerned with aligning classroom instruction with the state curriculum frameworks. The Five College Public School Partnership thanks all of the above for their involvement in this project. Additional copies of this guide and the Witness for Freedom Handbook for Professional Development are available from the Five College Public School Partnership, 97 Spring Street, Amherst, MA 01002. -
Slavery in America: the Montgomery Slave Trade
Slavery In America The Montgomery Trade Slave 1 2 In 2013, with support from the Black Heritage Council, the Equal Justice Initiative erected three markers in downtown Montgomery documenting the city’s prominent role in the 19th century Domestic Slave Trade. The Montgomery Trade Slave Slavery In America 4 CONTENTS The Montgomery Trade Slave 6 Slavery In America INTRODUCTION SLAVERY IN AMERICA 8 Inventing Racial Inferiority: How American Slavery Was Different 12 Religion and Slavery 14 The Lives and Fears of America’s Enslaved People 15 The Domestic Slave Trade in America 23 The Economics of Enslavement 24–25 MONTGOMERY SLAVE TRADE 31 Montgomery’s Particularly Brutal Slave Trading Practices 38 Kidnapping and Enslavement of Free African Americans 39 Separation of Families 40 Separated by Slavery: The Trauma of Losing Family 42–43 Exploitative Local Slave Trading Practices 44 “To Be Sold At Auction” 44–45 Sexual Exploitation of Enslaved People 46 Resistance through Revolt, Escape, and Survival 48–49 5 THE POST SLAVERY EXPERIENCE 50 The Abolitionist Movement 52–53 After Slavery: Post-Emancipation in Alabama 55 1901 Alabama Constitution 57 Reconstruction and Beyond in Montgomery 60 Post-War Throughout the South: Racism Through Politics and Violence 64 A NATIONAL LEGACY: 67 OUR COLLECTIVE MEMORY OF SLAVERY, WAR, AND RACE Reviving the Confederacy in Alabama and Beyond 70 CONCLUSION 76 Notes 80 Acknowledgments 87 6 INTRODUCTION Beginning in the sixteenth century, millions of African people The Montgomery Trade Slave were kidnapped, enslaved, and shipped across the Atlantic to the Americas under horrific conditions that frequently resulted in starvation and death. -
Defying Conventions and Highlighting Performance 49
Defying Conventions and Highlighting Performance Within and Beyond Slavery in William Wells Brown's Clotel Eileen Moscoso English Faculty advisor: Lori Leavell As an introduction to his novel, Clotel or, The President's Daughter, William Wells Brown, an African American author and fugitive slave, includes a shortened and revised version of his autobiographical narrative titled “Narrative of the Life and Escape of William Wells Brown” (1853). African American authors in the nineteenth century often feared the skepticism they would undoubtedly receive from white readers. Therefore, in order to broaden their readership and gain a more trusting audience, African American authors routinely sought a more socially accepted and allegedly credible person, namely a white American, to authenticate their writing in the preface. Brown boldly refuses to adhere to this convention in an effort to rid his white readership of their assumptions of black inferiority. Rather, he authorizes himself. My paper illuminates Brown's defiance of authorship conventions as an act of resistance rooted in performance, one that strategically parallels other forms of resistance that take place in his literary representations of the plantation. I argue that all counts of trickery enacted by Brown can be better understood when related to the role CLA Journal 1 (2013) pp. 48-58 Defying Conventions and Highlighting Performance 49 _____________________________________________________________ of performance on the plantation. Quite revolutionarily, William Wells Brown uses his own words in the introduction to validate his authorship rather than relying on a more ostensibly qualified figure's. As bold a move that may be, Brown does so with a layer of trickery that allows it to go potentially undetected by the reader. -
The Woman-Slave Analogy: Rhetorical Foundations in American
The Woman-Slave Analogy: Rhetorical Foundations in American Culture, 1830-1900 Ana Lucette Stevenson BComm (dist.), BA (HonsI) A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of Queensland in 2014 School of History, Philosophy, Religion and Classics I Abstract During the 1830s, Sarah Grimké, the abolitionist and women’s rights reformer from South Carolina, stated: “It was when my soul was deeply moved at the wrongs of the slave that I first perceived distinctly the subject condition of women.” This rhetorical comparison between women and slaves – the woman-slave analogy – emerged in Europe during the seventeenth century, but gained peculiar significance in the United States during the nineteenth century. This rhetoric was inspired by the Revolutionary Era language of liberty versus tyranny, and discourses of slavery gained prominence in the reform culture that was dominated by the American antislavery movement and shared among the sisterhood of reforms. The woman-slave analogy functioned on the idea that the position of women was no better – nor any freer – than slaves. It was used to critique the exclusion of women from a national body politic based on the concept that “all men are created equal.” From the 1830s onwards, this analogy came to permeate the rhetorical practices of social reformers, especially those involved in the antislavery, women’s rights, dress reform, suffrage and labour movements. Sarah’s sister, Angelina, asked: “Can you not see that women could do, and would do a hundred times more for the slave if she were not fettered?” My thesis explores manifestations of the woman-slave analogy through the themes of marriage, fashion, politics, labour, and sex. -
The E Slaved People of Patto Pla Tatio Brazoria Cou Ty
Varner-Hogg Plantation and State Historical Park THE ESLAVED PEOPLE OF PATTO PLATATIO BRAZORIA COUTY, TEXAS Research Compiled By Cary Cordova Draft Submitted May 22, 2000 Compiled by Cary Cordova [email protected] Varner-Hogg Plantation and State Historical Park Research Compiled By Cary Cordova THE ESLAVED PEOPLE OF PATTO PLATATIO BRAZORIA COUTY, TEXAS The following is a list of all people known to have been slaves on the Columbus R. Patton Plantation from the late 1830s to 1865 in West Columbia, Texas. The list is by no means comprehensive, but it is the result of compiling information from the probate records, deeds, bonds, tax rolls, censuses, ex-slave narratives, and other relevant historical documents. Each person is listed, followed by a brief analysis if possible, and then by a table of relevant citations about their lives. The table is organized as first name, last name (if known), age, sex, relevant year, the citation, and the source. In some cases, not enough information exists to know much of anything. In other cases, I have been able to determine family lineages and relationships that have been lost over time. However, this is still a work in process and deserves significantly more time to draw final conclusions. Patton Genealogy : The cast of characters can become confusing at times, so it may be helpful to begin with a brief description of the Patton family. John D. Patton (1769-1840) married Annie Hester Patton (1774-1843) and had nine children, seven boys and two girls. The boys were Columbus R. (~1812-1856), Mathew C. -
Library of Congress Magazine January/February 2018
INSIDE PLUS A Journey Be Mine, Valentine To Freedom Happy 200th, Mr. Douglass Find Your Roots Voices of Slavery At the Library LIBRARY OF CONGRESS MAGAZINE JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2018 Building Black History A New View of Tubman LOC.GOV LIBRARY OF CONGRESS MAGAZINE Library of Congress Magazine Vol. 7 No. 1: January/February 2018 Mission of the Library of Congress The Library’s central mission is to provide Congress, the federal government and the American people with a rich, diverse and enduring source of knowledge that can be relied upon to inform, inspire and engage them, and support their intellectual and creative endeavors. Library of Congress Magazine is issued bimonthly by the Office of Communications of the Library of Congress and distributed free of charge to publicly supported libraries and research institutions, donors, academic libraries, learned societies and allied organizations in the United States. Research institutions and educational organizations in other countries may arrange to receive Library of Congress Magazine on an exchange basis by applying in writing to the Library’s Director for Acquisitions and Bibliographic Access, 101 Independence Ave. S.E., Washington DC 20540-4100. LCM is also available on the web at loc.gov/lcm/. All other correspondence should be addressed to the Office of Communications, Library of Congress, 101 Independence Ave. S.E., Washington DC 20540-1610. [email protected] loc.gov/lcm ISSN 2169-0855 (print) ISSN 2169-0863 (online) Carla D. Hayden Librarian of Congress Gayle Osterberg Executive Editor Mark Hartsell Editor John H. Sayers Managing Editor Ashley Jones Designer Shawn Miller Photo Editor Contributors Bryonna Head Wendi A. -
The End of Uncle Tom
1 THE END OF UNCLE TOM A woman, her body ripped vertically in half, introduces The End of Uncle Tom and the Grand Allegorical Tableau of Eva in Heaven from 1995 (figs.3 and 4), while a visual narra- tive with both life and death at stake undulates beyond the accusatory gesture of her pointed finger. An adult man raises his hands to the sky, begging for deliverance, and delivers a baby. A second man, obese and legless, stabs one child with his sword while joined at the pelvis with another. A trio of children play a dangerous game that involves a hatchet, a chopping block, a sharp stick, and a bucket. One child has left the group and is making her way, with rhythmic defecation, toward three adult women who are naked to the waist and nursing each other. A baby girl falls from the lap of one woman while reaching for her breast. With its references to scatology, infanticide, sodomy, pedophilia, and child neglect, this tableau is a troubling tribute to Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin—the sentimental, antislavery novel written in 1852. It is clearly not a straightfor- ward illustration, yet the title and explicit references to racialized and sexualized violence on an antebellum plantation leave little doubt that there is a significant relationship between the two works. Cut from black paper and adhered to white gallery walls, this scene is composed of figures set within a landscape and depicted in silhouette. The medium is particularly apt for this work, and for Walker’s project more broadly, for a number of reasons. -
Solomon Northup and 12 Years a Slave
Solomon Northup and 12 Years a Slave How to analyze slave narratives. Who Was Solomon Northup? 1808: Born in Minerva, NewYork Son of former slave, Mintus Northup; Northup's mother is unknown. 1829: Married Anne Hampton, a free black woman. They had three children. Solomon was a farmer, a rafter on the Lake Champlain Canal, and a popular local fiddler. What Happened to Solomon Northup? Met two circus performers who said they needed a fiddler for engagements inWashington, D.C. Traveled south with the two men. Didn't tell his wife where he was going (she was out of town); he expected to be back by the time his family returned. Poisoned by the two men during an evening of social drinking inWashington, D.C. Became ill; he was taken to his room where the two men robbed him and took his free papers; he vaguely remembered the transfer from the hotel but passed out. What Happened…? • Awoke in chains in a "slave pen" in Washington, D.C., owned by infamous slave dealer, James Birch. (Note: A slave pen were where (Note:a slave pen was where slaves were warehoused before being transported to market) • Transported by sea with other slaves to the New Orleans slave market. • Sold first toWilliam Prince Ford, a cotton plantation owner. • Ford treated Northup with respect due to Northup's many skills, business acumen and initiative. • After six months Ford, needing money, sold Northup to Edwin Epps. Life on the Plantation Edwin Epps was Northup’s master for eight of his 12 years a slave. -
Resistance, Language and the Politics of Freedom in the Antebellum North
Masthead Logo Smith ScholarWorks History: Faculty Publications History Summer 2016 The tE ymology of Nigger: Resistance, Language, and the Politics of Freedom in the Antebellum North Elizabeth Stordeur Pryor Smith College Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.smith.edu/hst_facpubs Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Pryor, Elizabeth Stordeur, "The tE ymology of Nigger: Resistance, Language, and the Politics of Freedom in the Antebellum North" (2016). History: Faculty Publications, Smith College, Northampton, MA. https://scholarworks.smith.edu/hst_facpubs/4 This Article has been accepted for inclusion in History: Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of Smith ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected] The Etymology of Nigger: Resistance, Language, and the Politics of Freedom in the Antebellum North Elizabeth Stordeur Pryor Journal of the Early Republic, Volume 36, Number 2, Summer 2016, pp. 203-245 (Article) Published by University of Pennsylvania Press DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/jer.2016.0028 For additional information about this article https://muse.jhu.edu/article/620987 Access provided by Smith College Libraries (5 May 2017 18:29 GMT) The Etymology of Nigger Resistance, Language, and the Politics of Freedom in the Antebellum North ELIZABETH STORDEUR PRYOR In 1837, Hosea Easton, a black minister from Hartford, Connecticut, was one of the earliest black intellectuals to write about the word ‘‘nigger.’’ In several pages, he documented how it was an omni- present refrain in the streets of the antebellum North, used by whites to terrorize ‘‘colored travelers,’’ a term that elite African Americans with the financial ability and personal inclination to travel used to describe themselves. -
Oglądaj/Open
POLSKA AKADEMIA NAUK • INSTYTUT NAUK PRAWNYCH ZAKŁAD KRYMINOLOGII ARCHIWUM KRYMINOLOGII Archives of Criminology TOM XLIII NUMER 1 2021 Volume XLIII number 1/2021 Editor-in-Chief: prof. Witold Klaus (Institute of Law Studies PAS, Poland) Executive Editor: dr Justyna Włodarczyk-Madejska (Institute of Law Studies PAS, Poland) Chairwomen of the Editorial Committee: prof. Irena Rzeplińska (Institute of Law Studies PAS, emeritus, Poland) Statistical editor: prof. Beata Gruszczyńska (University of Warsaw, Poland) Linguistic editor: Marta Mądziel Proofreading: Eric Hilton Graphic design and composition and breaking the publication: Grzegorz Gromulski Editorial Committee: Marcelo F. Aebi (University of Lausanne, Switzerland), Ivo Aertsen (Catholic University Leuven, Belgium), Aleksandras Dobryninas (Vilnius University, Lithuania), Ioan Durnescu (University of Bucharest, Romania), Frieder Dünkel (University of Greifswald, Germany), Uberto Gatti (University of Genoa, Italy), Yakov Gilinskiy (Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia), Beata Gruszczyńska (University of Warsaw, Poland), Katalin Gönczöl (Hungarian Society of Criminology, Hungary), Éva Inzelt (Eötvös Loránd University, Hungary), Witold Klaus (Institute of Law Studies PAS, Poland), Krzysztof Krajewski (Jagiellonian University, Poland), Barbara Kunicka- Michalska (Institute of Law Studies PAS, emeritus, Poland), Helmut Kury (University of Freiburg, Germany), Zbigniew Lasocik (University of Warsaw, Poland), Miklós Lévay (Eötvös Loránd University, Hungary), Agnieszka Martynowicz (Edge Hill University, -
Uncle Tom's Cabin: Its History, Its Issues, and Its Consequences
Uncle Tom’s Cabin: Its History, Its Issues, and Its Consequences Abstract: This research paper analyzes Harriet Beecher Stowe’s most influential and successful work, Uncle Tom’s Cabin. Although Uncle Tom’s Cabin began as a simple novel written by a woman who was both a wife and mother, it grew to be one of the strongest antislavery books and was even credited with giving the impetus to initiate the Civil War. Stowe incorporated several strongly debated issues of her time in the novel, including slavery, alcohol temperance, and gender roles. However, she was careful to work within the accepted social boundaries and was thus able to appeal to many groups through her novel. Nevertheless, Uncle Tom’s Cabin was highly controversial and sparked a storm of discussion and action from the entire world. This paper explores Stowe’s life, the issues contained within the novel and their presentation, and the reactions of the American public and the world. Course: American Literature I, ENGL 2310 Semester/Year: FA/2012 Instructor: Deborah S. Koelling 1 Uncle Tom’s Cabin: Its History, Its Issues, and Its Consequences When she wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin, Harriet Beecher Stowe had no idea that she was unleashing a literary giant on the world. Stowe herself was a good wife and mother, and her accomplishment is astonishing for both its near-radical ideas and for its traditional presentation,. Some of the strength of the novel is drawn from Stowe’s own life experiences and struggles, further intensifying the message of Uncle Tom’s Cabin. In fact, Abraham Lincoln is quoted as saying, “so this is little woman who caused the great war!” (in reference to the Civil War, qtd. -
PRELIMINARY STUDY REPORT PROPOSED ABOLITION ROW LOCAL HISTORIC DISTRICT New Bedford, Massachusetts
PRELIMINARY STUDY REPORT PROPOSED ABOLITION ROW LOCAL HISTORIC DISTRICT New Bedford, Massachusetts REPORT PREPARATION Anne Louro, Preservation Planner New Bedford Historical Commission Historical Commission Department of City Planning Page 1 of 22 CONTENTS Summary Sheet Introduction Methodology Significance Justification of Boundaries Ordinance Recommendation Appendices: • Map of Proposed District • Proposed Ordinance • Property Index • Bibliography • Inventory Forms and Photographs • Slides Abolition Row Preliminary Study Report Page 2 of 22 SUMMARY SHEET Contact Information: Anne Louro, Preservation Planner Department of City Planning 133 William Street New Bedford, MA 02740 (508) 979-1488; [email protected] Study Committee: New Bedford Historical Commission Diana Henry, Chair William King, Vice Chair William Barr Keri Cox Janine da Silva Tabitha Harkin Alex Jardin James Lopes Jennifer White Smith Anna Surma Date of Public Hearing: The Public Hearing will be held no sooner than sixty (60) days after the submission of this Preliminary Study Report to the Massachusetts Historical Commission (MHC) and the New Bedford Planning Board. Date of City Council Vote: After the Public Hearing, the final report will be drafted incorporating comments from the Planning Board, MHC and the community. This final report will be submitted to the New Bedford City Council for consideration. The Study Committee anticipates that the matter will be sent for review to the City Council Ordinance Committee, a standing committee. The City Council meets monthly and the agenda is determined by that body, thus it is not possible to state the expected date. The Study Committee anticipates that the issue will be considered in the spring of 2020. Total Properties: There are a total of 38 parcels within the proposed local historic district, including two vacant parcels currently being developed into a city park commemorating the abolitionist movement in New Bedford.