Area Profile 2 Area Profile
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AREA PROFILE 2 AREA PROFILE 2.1 OVERVIEW This chapter profiles existing conditions within the Washington District. It describes the regional, city, and local context, along with a history of the area. Existing demographics and site information are also provided, along with a discussion of future opportunities and pending/approved projects. View of the Sacramento River and Downtown Sacramento from the Washington District 2-2 | Washington Specific Plan | City of West Sacramento AREA PROFILE 2.2 REGIONAL & LOCAL CONTEXT West Sacramento lies in eastern Yolo County across the Sacramento River from Downtown Sacramento. The city is bounded by the river on the east and the Yolo Bypass on the west. Other Yolo County communities are to the west and northwest (e.g., Davis, Woodland), Sutter County is to the north, and Placer County is to the northeast. The Specific Plan area lies in the northeast part of West Sacramento. The Washington District is located near Interstate 80, which runs through the northwestern part of the city, and Highway 50/Business 80, which bisects the city, running east-west. Interstate 5 runs north-south through the City of Sacramento just across the river. Figure 2-1 shows the Specific Plan area within a broader regional context. Figure 2-1: Regional Context Washington Specific Plan | City of West Sacramento | 2-3 AREA PROFILE 2.3 AREA & NEIGHBORHOOD CONTEXT 2.3.1 JOINT RIVERFRONT PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT The Washington District is one of several communities planned up and down the Sacramento River in both West Sacramento and Sacramento (see Figure 2-2). The Washington District is similar to Old Sacramento, which is directly to the east in Sacramento, in that both are established historic areas. The larger riverfront is surrounded by a variety of neighborhoods and districts that represent a mix of land uses in various stages of development and establishment. West Sacramento has a longstanding desire for a vibrant urban riverfront and has begun implementing this vision. The Washington District is part of a series of revitalization planning efforts that line the Sacramento River. Other efforts in West Sacramento include the Bridge District, Pioneer Bluff, Stone Lock and Southport to the south, and the California Indian Heritage Center and the Rivers to the north. In Sacramento, planning efforts cover the Railyards, Old Sacramento, the Docks, and the West Broadway Specific Plan area. The plans for these areas collectively articulate a shift from mostly single uses (e.g., industrial or residential) to mixed-use districts, with a variety of densities and heights. Key projects completed on the riverfront include the CALSTRS building, Ziggurat building, River Walk, the Barn, and new housing in the Bridge District. In Sacramento, plans are being conceptualized in Old Sacramento for a Front Street Park, which would create open space between Old Sacramento storefronts and the water. There are several projects planned for the 244-acre Railyards site, including a major league soccer stadium, Kaiser hospital and medical complex, and residential, office, and retail uses. The planned C Street Bridge will provide new access from the Washington District to the Railyards. Bicycle and pedestrian crossing on the upper deck of the existing I Street Bridge is currently being studied through the I Street Bridge Deck Conversion project. Other joint infrastructure projects include the Broadway Bridge project, which will connect South River Road on the west landing in West Sacramento and Broadway on the east landing in Sacramento. Figure 2-2: Riverfront Developments Along Sacramento River 2-4 | Washington Specific Plan | City of West Sacramento AREA PROFILE 2.3.2 SURROUNDING AREA NEIGHBORHOODS The Washington District is the oldest neighborhood in West Sacramento and is surrounded by several other established neighborhoods: Broderick, Bryte, and Michigan-Glide-Sutter to the west, and Old West Sacramento to the southwest. The Iron Triangle is adjacent to the west and is an industrial district in transition. The 2035 General Plan rezoned the northern portion of Iron Triangle District to residential to align more closely with the Washington District. To the southwest, the Central Business District serves as the civic and cultural center and “downtown” of the city, with City Hall, Capitol Bowl, the Arthur F. Turner Community Library, and Sacramento City College’s West Sacramento Center. The Bridge District and Pioneer Bluff are other evolving riverfront neighborhoods that are located to the south of the Washington District. Figure 2-3 shows the neighborhoods surrounding the Specific Plan area. New housing development in the Bridge District Figure 2-3: Surrounding Neighborhoods and Districts Washington Specific Plan | City of West Sacramento | 2-5 AREA PROFILE 2.4 HISTORICAL CONTEXT Around 4,000 years ago, the Patwin Indians established small villages in the area on the high ground along the west bank of the Sacramento River. In the early nineteenth century, European fur trappers and traders began to explore the area. Along with trade, they also brought diseases that decimated the Native American population in the Sacramento Valley from 60,000 to 20,000. Many of the Patwin Indians who survived were either enslaved or went to work for the European traders, thus ending the traditional Patwin way of life.1 In 1839, Sutter’s Fort was established on the east side of the Sacramento River and became an important refuge for white settlers traveling to California from the east. One such traveler, was Jan Lows de Swart (later known as John Schwartz), who in 1844, 1 Yolo County Historical Society, “History of West Sacramento,” accessed May 28, 2019, https:// www.cityofwestsacramento.org/government/about-the-city/history-of-west-sacramento. Source: Sacramento Public Library The I Street Bridge (ca. 1858) built a small wooden shack along the west bank of the Sacramento River, just six miles south of its confluence with the American River, thus becoming the first permanent Euro-American settler in present-day West Sacramento.2 In 1845, Swart successfully applied to the Mexican government for a land grant and was awarded 13,000 acres along the west bank of the river. Swart named it Rancho Nueva Flandria and established a salmon fishery, raised livestock, and cultivated potatoes and melons there.3 In 1846, James McDowell, a settler from Kentucky, purchased 600 acres from Swart and built a house on one acre of the land for his wife, Margaret and his three daughters. After McDowell was killed in 1849, Margaret hired a land surveyor to plat out 160 acres of her land so she could sell off individual plots. 4 The platted area was divided into 41 blocks, with alphabetical streets named after members of Margaret’s family. The area was renamed the Town of Washington, thus becoming the oldest subdivision in West Sacramento.5 2 Walters, Shipley, 1987, West Sacramento: The Roots of a New City. 3 Idem. Source: Yolo-County Clerk-Recorder 1869 copy of the original 1849 Washington Town Plat 4 Yolo County Historical Society. 5 Washington Realized: A Sustainable Community Strategy, 2015. 2-6 | Washington Specific Plan | City of West Sacramento AREA PROFILE Source: Sacramento Public Library The town of Broderick (now part of West Sacramento) on the Sacramento River (1915) Source: Sacramento Public Library The Port of Sacramento in West Sacramento (1965) While the name “West Sacramento” was in use by 1850, the town was more commonly to Sacramento, it also meant that fewer travelers needed to stop in Washington before known as Washington until the early twentieth century. Washington was initially a continuing their journeys and it reduced income from ferry tolls across the river.7 quiet, rural place, but the California Gold Rush and the town’s prominent location on the Sacramento River and at the crossroads of several other overland routes quickly While Sacramento grew into a booming city on the opposite side of the river, turned it into an important rest stop for miners traveling to the gold fields to the east. Washington remained a small, rural town until the start of the twentieth century, when Recognizing the town’s potential as a port, the California Steam Navigation Company the construction of levees secured the town against frequent flooding and created established a shipyard along the riverfront in 1859 and became one of the town’s most acres of reclaimed land that could be cultivated. The region’s agricultural economy, as 8 prominent and long-standing businesses for almost 100 years.6 Fishing and agriculture well as the rail and trucking industries, expanded in response. The introduction of also contributed to the local economy. electric interurban railroads and the construction of a new M Street Bridge (i.e., Tower Bridge) improved connections between Washington and Sacramento and further The town of Washington appeared to be on the verge of becoming a thriving city to contributed to the area’s growth. Between 1900 and 1920, the population of West rival Sacramento. However, the town suffered several setbacks over the proceeding Sacramento doubled from 1,398 to 2,638.9 decades. The town was hit with frequent flooding throughout the 1850s and 1860s, and in 1858, the first bridge over the Sacramento River, the I Street Bridge, was constructed. While the bridge provided a quicker and more reliable route over the river 7 Walters. 6 Walters. 8 Washington Specific Plan, Revised 2009. 9 Walters. Washington Specific Plan | City of West Sacramento | 2-7 AREA PROFILE 2.5 DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE In 2017, The Washington District was home to 2,391 of West Sacramento’s 52,206 Households in the Washington District have lower incomes than the city as a whole, residents (under five percent). In terms of age, the Washington District has a younger with a median income of $46,405, compared to $59,586 citywide.