Unstoppable Spain
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Fallas Festival
FALLAS FESTIVAL Fallas is a traditional celebration held in commemoration of Saint Joseph in Valencia, Spain. The term Fallas refers to both the celebration and the monuments created during the celebration. A number of towns in the Valencian Community have similar celebrations inspired by the original in Valencia. Each neighbourhood of the city has an organized group of people, the Casal faller that works all year long holding fundraising parties and dinners, usually featuring the famous speciality paella. Each casal faller produces a construction known as a falla which is eventually burnt. Fallas and ninots. Formerly, much time would be spent by the Casal faller preparing the ninots (Valencian for puppets or dolls). During the week leading up to March 19, each group takes its ninot out for a grand parade, and then mounts it, each on its own elaborate firecracker-filled cardboard and paper-mache artistic monument in a street of the given neighbourhood. This whole assembly is a falla. The ninots and their fallas are constructed according to an agreed upon theme that has traditionally been, and continues to be, a satirical jab at anything or anyone who draws the attention of the critical eyes of the falleros. In modern times, the whole two week long festival has spawned a huge local industry, to the point that an entire suburban area has been designated the City of Fallas - Ciutat fallera. Here, crews of artists and artisans, sculptors, painters, and many others all spend months producing elaborate constructions of paper and wax, wood and styrofoam tableaux towering up to five stories, composed of fanciful figures in outrageous poses arranged in gravity-defying architecture, each produced at the direction of the many individual neighbourhood Casals faller who vie with each other to attract the best artists, and then to create the most outrageous monument to their target. -
J. A. G. Ardila* Metapragmatic First-Order Politeness in Peninsular
199 J. A. G. Ardila* Metapragmatic First-Order Politeness in Peninsular Spanish Abstract Research on Spanish politeness has developed dramatically in the past decade. One of the most infl uential theses regarding Spanish politeness was posited by Hickey (1991), who, in comparing Spanish to English, concluded that Peninsular Spanish has a positive politeness model. Subsequently, a number of linguists have further compared politeness in Spain to politeness in Britain. In analysing countless samples of expressive politeness (i.e. requests, apologies, terms of address, etc.), these authors have come to the conclusion that positive politeness predominates in Spain. However, such critical tendencies ignore the latest trends in politeness studies: one year after the publication of Hickey´s (1991) essay, Watts et al. (1992) vindicated the need to discern fi rst-order politeness from second-order politeness, and put forward the relevance of metapragmatic discussions of politeness. Descriptivist assessments of Spanish politeness prevent linguists from attempting a metapragmatic methodology that help to determine where Spanish speakers stand in the politeness-impoliteness continuum. Nonetheless, current research on general politeness studies clearly envisages that this is a task that Spanish linguistics will need to fulfi l in the long run. This paper offers a metapragmatic examination of linguistic politeness in Spain, based on the data obtained from 100 informants in Extremadura, aged 14 to 20. The information drawn from the survey indicates that, whilst the informants are fully aware of the politeness norms they have been taught by their parents and teachers, their linguistic performance seldom abides by such parameters. * J. A. G. Ardila University of Edinburgh Dept of European Languages and Cultures David Hume Tower George Square Edinburgh EH8 9JX Great Britain [email protected] Hermes – Journal of Language and Communication Studies no 40-2008 200 1. -
The Spaniards & Their Country
' (. ' illit,;; !•' 1,1;, , !mii;t( ';•'';• TIE SPANIARDS THEIR COUNTRY. BY RICHARD FORD, AUTHOR OF THE HANDBOOK OF SPAIN. NEW EDITION, COMPLETE IN ONE VOLUME. NEW YORK: GEORGE P. PUTNAM, 155 BROADWAY. 1848. f^iii •X) -+- % HONOURABLE MRS. FORD, These pages, which she has been, so good as to peruse and approve of, are dedicated, in the hopes that other fair readers may follow her example, By her very affectionate Husband and Servant, Richard Ford. CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. PAOK. A General View of Spain—Isolation—King of the Spains—Castilian Precedence—Localism—Want of Union—Admiration of Spain—M. Thiers in Spain , . 1 CHAPTER II. The Geography of Spain—Zones—Mountains—The Pyrenees—The Gabacho, and French Politics . ... 7 CHAPTER in. The Rivers of Spain—Bridges—Navigation—The Ebro and Tagus . 23 CHAPTER IV. Divisions into Provinces—Ancient Demarcations—Modern Depart- ments—Population—Revenue—Spanish Stocks .... 30 CHAPTER V. Travelling in Spain—Steamers—Roads, Roman, Monastic, and Royal —Modern Railway—English Speculations 40 CHAPTER VI. Post Office in Spain—Travelling with Post Horses—Riding post—Mails and Diligences, Galeras, Coches de DoUeras, Drivers and Manner of Driving, and Oaths 53 CHAPTER VII. SpanishHorsea—Mules—Asses—Muleteers—Maragatos ... 69 — CONTENTS. CHAPTER VIII. PAGB. Riding Tour in Spain—Pleasures of it—Pedestrian Tour—Choice of Companions—Rules for a Riding Tour—Season of year—Day's • journey—Management of Horse ; his Feet ; Shoes General Hints 80 CHAPTER IX. The Rider's cos.tume—Alforjas : their contents—The Bota, and How to use it—Pig Skins and Borracha—Spanish Money—Onzas and smaller coins 94 CHAPTER X. -
Falles Reivindicatives El Tema Agenda
L’ÚLTIMA “EM REMOU LA SINCERITAT”, POEMARI DE MARIOLA NOS text REDACCI foto http://mariolanos.blogspot.com.es/ “Les paraules no dites cremen i emmalalteixen ... ho he descobert amb el temps d'una manera empírica. A cop de foc és un anar nua en un esforç conscient de no cremar-me a l'avern aquí finit.” (Mariola Nos) Amb aquestes paraules som rebuts al blog poètic de Mariola Nos, A cop de foc, que va ser el començament d’un descobriment per a molts lectors de poesía. Del blog va neixer el poemari que ara s’ha presentat, editat per Germania , i que es titula “Em remou la sinceritat”. En paraules de Joan Elies Adell: “La poesia de Mariola Nos sovint esclau de la pròpia passió, que pot esdevenir és una exploració, una indagació sobre la vida i les seues obsessiva, en un esforç de coneixement que sovint vol perplexitats, una búsqueda per la comprensió de l’existència a acostar-se a la veritat d’una intuïció obscura.” No falten al partir de la pròpia quotidianitat, de l’enteniment de les volum les magnífiques il·lustracions de García Bel, que relacions personals, de la complexitat del sentiment de l’amor, completen aquest tresor de sensibilitat. pàgina 20 la veu de Benicarló FALLES REIVINDICATIVES EL TEMA AGENDA Encaputxats assalten i torturen dos veïns en la seua finca agrària AGENDA en el seu habitatge situat en la Ratlla del Terme. Ambdós text REDACCIÓ Divendres 21 Contes recontats. Centre de la 3a casos estan sent investigats per a determinar si es tracta 17.30 h Jornada Esportiva Divendres 28 Edat (sala d'actes). -
Teacher's Book 3
Reinforcement, Extension and Assessment 1 CONTENT AND RESOURCES PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY CONTENTS FIND OUT ABOUT • The formation of relief • Continental and oceanic relief • The relief and water of the continents • The climates and landscapes of the Earth • Spain: relief, water, climates and landscapes KNOW HOW TO • Understand relief formation: internal and external processes • Distinguish continental and oceanic relief • Identify the main relief features, rivers and lakes of the Earth and Spain • Identify the five main climate zones in the Earth • Identify the main climates and landscapes of each climate zone and Spain • Compare climates and landscapes • Interpret maps of relief, rivers and lakes, and climates of the Earth and Spain • Distinguish continental and marine water • Interpret charts, pie charts, diagrams and climographs • Analyse photos of landscapes • Organise and classify information in tables • Use maps to link geographical features to each other • Analyse the effects of marine currents • Analyse the effects of cyclones BE ABLE TO • Use an atlas • Find the main physical features, rivers and lakes of each continent in a map • Find the main physical features, watersheds and rivers of Spain in a map • Locate the different climates of the continents in a map • Locate the different climates of Spain in a map • Understand the importance of water in human life • Recognise the importance of properly managing fresh water resources • Reflect on the influence of climate on the distribution of world population RESOURCES Reinforcement and extension Digital resources • Relief: formation and features • Libromedia. Physical geography • Water and climates of the Earth • Relief, water and climates of Spain Audio • The seven summits • Track 1: pp. -
Title Page Diss
Pre-Modern Iberian Fragments in the Present: Studies in Philology, Time, Representation and Value By Heather Marie Bamford A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Hispanic Languages and Literatures in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in Charge: Professor Jesús Rodríguez-Velasco, Co-Chair Professor José Rabasa, Co-Chair Professor Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht Professor Ignacio Navarrete Professor David Hult Fall 2010 1 Abstract Pre-Modern Iberian Fragments in the Present: Studies in Philology, Time, Representation, and Value by Heather Marie Bamford Doctor of Philosophy in Hispanic Literatures and Languages University of California, Berkeley Professors Jesús Rodríguez-Velasco and José Rabasa, Co-Chairs This dissertation examines the uses of medieval and early-modern Iberian cultural objects in the present. It draws on the notion of fragment and actual fragmentary testimonies to study how pre- modern Iberian things and texts are reconstituted and used for various projects of personal, institutional, national and transnational reconstitution in the present. The corpus objects are necessarily diverse in chronological scope, with examples from the medieval, early-modern and modern periods, and touch upon works of many genres: chivalric romance, royal and personal correspondence, early-modern and modern historiography, Hispano-Arabic and Hispano-Hebrew lyric, inscriptions, pre-modern and modern biographies and 21st century book exhibitions. The dissertation proposes that Iberian fragments are engaged in various forms of reconstitution or production in the present and, at the same time, are held as timeless, unchanging entities that have the capability to allow users to connect with something genuinely old, truly Spanish and, indeed, eternal. -
Islamic Civilization in Spain
Psychiatria Danubina, 2017; Vol. 29, Suppl. 1, pp 64-72 Conference paper © Medicinska naklada - Zagreb, Croatia ISLAMIC CIVILIZATION IN SPAIN – A MAGNIFICIENT EXAMPLE OF INTERACTION AND UNITY OF RELIGION AND SCIENCE Safvet Halilović Faculty of Islamic Education of the University in Zenica, Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina SUMMARY Islam and its followers had created a civilization that played very important role on the world stage for more than a thousand years. One of the most important specific qualities of the Islamic civilization is that it is a well-balanced civilization that brought together science and faith, struck a balance between spirit and matter and did not separate this world from the Hereafter. This is what distinguishes the Islamic civilization from other civilizations which attach primary importance to the material aspect of life, physical needs and human instincts, and attach greater attention to this world by striving to instantly satisfy desires of the flesh, without finding a proper place for God and the Hereafter in their philosophies and education systems. The Islamic civilization drew humankind closer to God, connected the earth and heavens, subordinated this world to the Hereafter, connected spirit and matter, struck a balance between mind and heart, and created a link between science and faith by elevating the importance of moral development to the level of importance of material progress. It is owing to this that the Islamic civilization gave an immense contribution to the development of global civilization. Another specific characteristic of the Islamic civilization is that it spread the spirit of justice, impartiality and tolerance among people. -
Basques in the Americas from 1492 To1892: a Chronology
Basques in the Americas From 1492 to1892: A Chronology “Spanish Conquistador” by Frederic Remington Stephen T. Bass Most Recent Addendum: May 2010 FOREWORD The Basques have been a successful minority for centuries, keeping their unique culture, physiology and language alive and distinct longer than any other Western European population. In addition, outside of the Basque homeland, their efforts in the development of the New World were instrumental in helping make the U.S., Mexico, Central and South America what they are today. Most history books, however, have generally referred to these early Basque adventurers either as Spanish or French. Rarely was the term “Basque” used to identify these pioneers. Recently, interested scholars have been much more definitive in their descriptions of the origins of these Argonauts. They have identified Basque fishermen, sailors, explorers, soldiers of fortune, settlers, clergymen, frontiersmen and politicians who were involved in the discovery and development of the Americas from before Columbus’ first voyage through colonization and beyond. This also includes generations of men and women of Basque descent born in these new lands. As examples, we now know that the first map to ever show the Americas was drawn by a Basque and that the first Thanksgiving meal shared in what was to become the United States was actually done so by Basques 25 years before the Pilgrims. We also now recognize that many familiar cities and features in the New World were named by early Basques. These facts and others are shared on the following pages in a chronological review of some, but by no means all, of the involvement and accomplishments of Basques in the exploration, development and settlement of the Americas. -
Evolution and Recent Developments of Spanish Wine Sector, 1950-2008∗
35th Annual Economic & Business Historical Society Conference (Braga, Portugal, May 27-29, 2010). EVOLUTION AND RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF SPANISH ∗ WINE SECTOR, 1950-2008 MARTÍNEZ-CARRIÓN, José Miguel1 MEDINA-ALBALADEJO, Francisco José2 INTRODUCTION Since the 1980s the traditional European winegrowing regions have been carrying out deep changes in response to the onslaught of winegrowers in the New World. In recent years Spanish regions have been foremost in Europe in terms of change in areas turned over to wine production and distribution (Anderson, Norman and Wittwer, 2004). Some writers have gone so far as to talk about a “revolution in the vineyards and wines of Spain” in response to increasing international competition. The changes have been prolific since Spain’s entry into the European Economic Community in 1986. European agricultural policies supposed a huge readjustment in the geographical distribution of Spain’s vineyards and it had a significant effect on the regions in the country which were involved in the regulation of the wine market. This study analyses the main sequences of changes the Spanish wine industry has undergone: the evolution of consumption through the changes in consumer drinking habits; the leading role of exports in international markets; the spread of different types of marketing and business organization; the distribution in large and small sellers, and the main factors that have been involved in the chain of production and in the modernization of the wineries. 1. CHANGES IN CONSUMER HABITS 1.1 The fall in wine consumption and the arrival of new drinks Wine consumption underwent broad changes on a world level during the second half of the twentieth century. -
A History of Heat in the Subtropical American South
Mississippi State University Scholars Junction Theses and Dissertations Theses and Dissertations 1-1-2017 By Degree: A History of Heat in the Subtropical American South Jason Hauser Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsjunction.msstate.edu/td Recommended Citation Hauser, Jason, "By Degree: A History of Heat in the Subtropical American South" (2017). Theses and Dissertations. 943. https://scholarsjunction.msstate.edu/td/943 This Dissertation - Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at Scholars Junction. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholars Junction. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Template A v3.0 (beta): Created by J. Nail 06/2015 By degree: A history of heat in the subtropical American south By TITLE PAGE Jason Hauser A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of Mississippi State University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in United States History in the Department of History Mississippi State, Mississippi August 2017 Copyright by COPYRIGHT PAGE Jason Hauser 2017 By degree: A history of heat in the subtropical American south By APPROVAL PAGE Jason Hauser Approved: ____________________________________ James C. Giesen (Major Professor) ____________________________________ Mark D. Hersey (Minor Professor) ____________________________________ Anne E. Marshall (Committee Member) ____________________________________ Alan I Marcus (Committee Member) ____________________________________ Alexandra E. Hui (Committee Member) ____________________________________ Stephen C. Brain (Graduate Coordinator) ____________________________________ Rick Travis Dean College of Arts and Sciences Name: Jason Hauser ABSTRACT Date of Degree: August 11, 2017 Institution: Mississippi State University Major Field: United States History Major Professor: James C. -
MSU Texas Study Abroad Spain Brochure
STUDY ABROAD SQUARE OF SAINT MARY’S AND VALENCIA CATHEDRAL, VALENCIA CITY OF ARTS AND SCIENCES, VALENCIA Viva España ¡HOLA! Spend your Summer I semester in Valencia, Spain’s third-largest city, located on the Mediterranean coast about 200 miles south of Barcelona. Although Valencia has a rich history, it is often referred to as one of Spain’s more modern cities. Celebrations and festivals throughout the year, like the Falles, provide an excellent opportunity for you to witness Spanish character at its best. One must-see for visitors is the “City of Arts and Sciences,” a group of futuristic buildings designed by local architects which includes a cutting-edge oceanarium. Other attractions include Valencia Cathedral, dating back to the 13th and 14th centuries. Within minutes of old-town there is a chance to sun on the reflect the city’s past and include the ruins of a Mediterranean beach with soft sand and a Roman theater, a 10th-century Moorish castle lovely blue sea. built on the remains of a Phoenician lighthouse, the 13th-century Alcazaba, and the Málaga Summer II classes will be held in Málaga, botanical gardens created in 1855. Spain. This coastal city features stunning scenery of the Costa del Sol and a beautiful EXTEND YOUR STAY stretch of beach. Popular with tourists, the Spanish majors and minors have the option city is full of museums, shopping, and sacred to extend their stay another month and earn and religious sites. Málaga is one of the oldest up to 12 additional credit hours. For more Mediterranean seaports, and the landmarks information, visit the Global Education Office. -
Libro Science 5º 2015-2016
NATURAL 5TH GRADE SCIENCES nés Morata SOCIAL CEIP Gi CEIP Ginés Morata ‐ Almería‐ Andrés Egea | [email protected] nés Morata CEIP Gi 5TH NATURAL GRADE SCIENCE nés Morata CEIP Gi CEIP Ginés Morata ‐ Almería‐ Andrés Egea | [email protected] CEIP Ginés Morata Almería 5th GRADE MINIMUM CONTENTS UNIT 1: SENSITIVITY ► The nervous system The central nervous system consists of the brain and the spinal cord. This system receives information, interprets it, and decides on a response. The nervous system is formed by nervous tissue. Nervous tissue is found in every part of the body. This tissue is made up of one type of cell, neurons. Neurons have very long, thin structures through which they can send and receive messages. Neurons have a complex shape. Neurons are a type of cell with three parts: The body, which contains the nucleus and organelles. Dendrites, which are branched structures. With these structures neurons receive information from the sense organs or from other neurons. The axon, which transmits information to other neurons and sends orders to organs. Axons run beside other axons to form nerves. The nésnervous system is form Morataed by the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. The brain has three parts: • The cerebrum controls voluntary movements. • The cerebellum coordinates movements and maintains balance. • The brain stem regulates internal organs. The spinal cord controls reflex movements. The peripheral nervous system consists of nerves. It transmits information from the sense organs to the central CEIPnervous system and from theGi central nervous system to other organs. Equipo de Bilingüismo Andrés Egea CEIP Ginés Morata Almería ► The sense organs The sense organs detect and transform stimuli into nerve impulses.