Amherst College Center for Russian Culture Schakovskoy Family Papers 1906-1984 [1930-1979] Accession numbers: CRC91-0001; CRC93-0001; CRC93-0005; CRC93-0006 Quantity: 14.5 linear feet Containers: 13 Record Storage Boxes 3 Archival Boxes Processed: 1995 January-September By: Tanya Chebotarev, Assistant Curator of Russian Collections Finding Aid: Date: 1995 June-July, September Prepared by: Tanya Chebotarev, Assistant Curator of Russian Collections Edited by: Daria D'Arienzo, Archivist of the College Access: In general, there is no restriction on access t o the Schakovskoy Family Papers for research use. Materials from Box 16 are restricted by Z. Schakovskoy's request until five years after her death. Photocopying: Photocopying is not permitted. Copyright: It is the responsibility of the researcher to identify and satisfy the holders of copyrights. Requests for permission to publish material from the papers should be directed to the Director of Amherst College Center for Russian Culture. ©Amherst Center for Russian Culture 1995 September 1 Schakovskoy Family Papers Table of Contents Chronology. .3 Description of the papers . 6 Series Description . 9 History of the papers . 12 Series Listing I. Zinaida Schakovskoy Papers . 13 Subseries 1. Personal Correspondence . 13 Subseries 2. Professional Correspondence . 16 Subseries 3. Professional and Research Materials . 66 Subseries 4. Writings . .94 Subseries 5. Personal Materials . .106 Subseries 6. Photographs, Negatives and Reproductions .114 II. Sviatoslav Malewsky-Malevich Papers . .118 III. Dmitrii Schakovskoy Papers . 125 IV. Third Party Materials . 137 ©Amherst Center for Russian Culture 1995 September 2 Schakovskoy Family Papers Chronology 1906 30 August Zinaida Schakovskoy was born in Moscow 1916 September entered the Catherine Institute in Saint Petersburg (secondary school) 1917 February returned to Matovo (family est ate in Tul'skaia province) 1918 spring Schakovsko y's mother was arrested and released in several months 1920 arrived at Constantinople with her mother and sisters 1921-1922 entered an American College at Constantinople 1923 became a boarder at the Catholic convent of Berlaymont 1925-1926 enrolled in the Protestant School of Social Work in Paris 1926 21 November married Sviatoslav Malewsky- Malevich 1926 left with him for the Belgian Congo 1929 returned to Belgium 1930s published critical articles and short stories in French for Belgian publications 1934 publication of Ukhod (Departure) in Russian 1935 Doroga (The road) was published in Russian 1937 Vie d'Alexandre Pouchkine and Insomnies were published in Brussells 1939 Une enfance published in Brussells 1940 May-July worked for the Service de Santé of the French army 1941 participated in the French Resistance ©Amherst Center for Russian Culture 1995 September 3 Schakovskoy Family Papers 1942 left France for London where she worked for the Agence française d'information 1945-1947 worked as a correspondent in Germany 1946 received Croix de Evadés (Belgian decoration) 1949 Europe and Valérius published (Prize de Paris winner) 1951-1952 was elected Executive Secretary of FIAF (International Federation of Film Archives) 1952 Sortie de Secours published 1955 La Parole devient Sang published 1956 Jeu de Massacres published 1958 Ma Russie habillée en U.R.S.S. published 1960 became a Knight of Legion of Honour 1960-1968 worked for the Russian section of the Office of French Radio and Television (in charge of the broadcasts on French culture) 1964-1967 four volumes of memoirs Tel est mon siécle published 1970 Pered snom (Before a Bedtime), poems in Russian published 1972 received French Decoration of Arts and Letters 1973 Sviatoslav Malewsky-Malevich died 1968-1978 editor of Russkaia Mysl' (Russian thought) in Paris 1978 Otrazhenia (Reflections) and Rasskazy, stat'i, stikhi (Short Stories, Essays, Poems) published 1979 V poiskakh Nabokova (In Search of Nabokov) published 1980 Became Officer of Legion of Honour ©Amherst Center for Russian Culture 1995 September 4 Schakovskoy Family Papers Description of the Papers Scope and Content Note The Schakovskoy Family Papers document the professional and personal activities of Russian Princess Zinaida Schakovskoy (1906 - ); her husband, Sviatoslav Malewsky-Malevich (1905 - 1973); and her brother, Prince Dmitrii Schakovskoy, later Ioann, Archbishop of San Francisco and Western United States (1902 - 1989). The papers reflect Z. Schakovskoy's prolific career as a bilingual journalist, poet and writer, as well as the involvement of her husband and her brother with Russian literature, art and culture in exile. The 14.5 linear feet of materials include: extensive correspondence; clippings; drafts and published versions of articles, broadcast programs and essays; research materials chiefly on Russian poets and writers; genealogical tables; family documents; medals; sketchbooks; drawings and photographs. The bulk o f the material is written in Russian. A considerable amount is in French, and a small amo unt is in Dutch, English, and German. The mat erials date from 1906 until 1984, the bulk of the collection dating from 1930 to 1979. The most complex and significant series in the papers is Series I - Zinaida Schakovskoy Papers. Zinaida Schakovskoy, a French writer of Russian descent, who became a Belgian citizen, was born in Moscow as the fourth child and third daughter of Prince Alexis Schakovskoy and the former Anne von Kninen. Schakovskoy was exiled with her family after the October Revolution first to Turkey and then to France. Eventually, the family found asylum in Belgium. In 1926 Z. Schakovskoy married Sviatoslav Malewsky-Malevich and left with him for the Belgian Congo, where they spent two years. During World War II she joined the Service de Santé of the French army and participated in the French Resistance. She was reunited with her husband in 1942 in London, where she wo rked fo r the French Information Agency. A real witness of her time, Zinaida Schakovskoy associated with Belgian, French and Russian literary circles; worked as a correspondent both at the Nürnberg trials and in Greece during its Civil war. She published numerous novels in French and Russian, using two pseudonyms - Zinaida Sarrana and Jacques Croisé. The multi-faceted life of Zinaida Schakovskoy has allowed her to get in touch with different social strata. Her literary reflections on the complexities of the 20th century are non- conformist and comprehensive. Series II - Sviatoslav Malewsky-Malevich Papers - reflects the most important events of Zinaida Schakovskoy's husband's personal life and professional career within a broader context of Russian emigre life. Sviatoslav Malewsky-Malevich, was born in Russia and after the October Revolution emigrated to Yugoslavia. In the early 1920s he attended Belgrad University but his family moved to Paris, where he graduated from the Sorbonne. ©Amherst Center for Russian Culture 1995 September 5 Schakovskoy Family Papers Sviatoslav Malewsky-Malevich's interests were versatile - from politics and philosophy to the arts and painting. In the 1930s he was very close to the Europasian movement, and in the late 1950s devoted himself to painting. In the early 1950s Sviatoslav Malewsky-Malevich became the first Belgian diplomat of Russian descent. He and his wife returned to Russia on a diplomatic mission for Belgium. In 1956 S. Malewsky-Malevich was appointed the First Secretary of the Belgian Embassy in Moscow. Although S. Malewsky-Malevich was forced to leave Russia, he was always interested in the future of his country. In 1972 he published a book entitled USSR Today and Tomorrow, in which he developed some of the geopolitical and economic theories of the Europasians, predicting that the coup d'état in the USSR could be done only from the top of the political hierarchy. Series III - Dmitrii Schakovskoy Papers - centers on D. Schakovsko y's literary activities in the early 1920s. Dmitrii Schakovskoy, (Ioann, Archbishop of San Francisco and Western United States), Zinaida Schakovskoy's brother, was born in Moscow and educated at the St. Petersburg Imperial Lyceum and University of Louvain in Belgium. In 1925-1926 he initiated the publication and became the editor of Blagonamerennyi, a Russian language journal published in Brussels. Soon after the second issue was published he decided to change the co urse of his life and took monastic vows at Mt. Athos in Greece (1926). In 1946 after being a priest in Yugoslavia (1927-1931) and Berlin (1932-1945), he was transferred to the U.S., where he served as a dean of St. Vladimir Seminary in New York City and Bishop of Brooklyn. In 1961 he became Archbishop of San Francisco and Western United States. His literary pseudonym was Strannik. Series IV - Third Party Materials - includes correspondence, writings and personal documents of Russian emigres belonging to the Schakovskoys' circle. Among the correspondence of significance or magnitude in the papers are letters to and from: Georgii Adamovich, Nikolai Andreev, Aleksandr Bakhrak, Iosif Brodskii, Ivan Bunin, Albert Camus, Igor Chinnov, Boris Filippov, General de Gaulle, Otto von Habsburg, Yurii Ivask, Vladimir and Vera Nabokov, Sergei Lifar, Nadezhda Mandelshtam, Sergei Prokofiev, Princess Janet Romanoff, Andrei Siniavskii, Anatolii Shteiger, Gleb Struve, Yurii Terapiano, Marina Tsvetaeva and others. Related Material: The Amherst Center for Russian Culture has information about Z. Schakovskoy, S. Malewsky-Malevich and D. Schakovskoy beyond that found in this collection. Sources