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8 Bit Parallel Central Processor Unit m(S ' ~8 Microcomputer Set NOVEMBER 1973 REV. 4 8008 Second Printing 8 Bit Parallel Central Processor Unit USERS MANUAL C Intel Corp. 197J The MCS-S™ parallel 8-bit microcomputer set is de­ signed for efficient handling of large volumes of data. It has interrupt capability, operates synchronously or asynchronously with external memory, and executes subroutines nested up to seven levels. The 8008 CPU, InTEL heart of the MCS-8, replaces 125 TTL packs. With it you can easi Iy address up to 16k 8-bit words of ROM, SUPPORT RAM or shift registers. Using bank switching techniques, you can extend its memory indefinitely. mdKES The PL/M™ High Level Language is an easy-to-Iearn, systems oriented language derived from IBM's PL/I by Intel for programming the MCS-8 and future 8-bit micro­ SYSTEm computers. It gives the microcomputer programmer the same high level language advantages currently available BUilDInG in mini and large computers. By actual tests, PL/M pro­ gramming and debugging requires less than 10% of the time needed for assembly language. The PL/M compiler EdSY. is written in Fortran IV for time-share, and needs little or no alteration for most general purpose computers. Inteliec™S Development Systems provide flexible, inex­ pensive, and simplified methods for OEM product de­ velopment. They use RAM for program storage instead of ROM, making program loading and modification easier. The I ntellec features are: • Display and Control Console • Standard DMA channel • Standard software package • Expandable memory and I/O • TTY interface • PROM programming capability "The Intellec control panel is used for system monitoring and debugging. These features and the many standard Intellec modules add up to faster turn around and re­ duced costs for your product development. And, There's More ..... Intel's Microcomputer Systems Group continues to de­ velop new design aids that make microcomputer system­ building easier. They will provide assistance in every phase of your program development. For additional information: Microcomputer Systems Group I NTE L Corporation 3065 Bowers Avenue Santa Clara, California 95051 Phone (408) 246-7501 intel® delivers. 8008 8 Bit Parallel· Central Processor Unit The 8008 is a complete computer system central' processor unit which may be interfaced with memories having capacities up to 16K bytes. The processor communicates over an 8-bit data and address bus and uses two leads for internal control and four leads for external control. The CPU contains an 8-bit parallel arithmetic unit, a dynamic RAM (seven 8-bit data registers and an 8x14 stack), and complete instruction decoding and control logic. Features • 8-Bit Parallel CPU on a . • Directly addresses 16K x 8 Single Chip bits of memory (RAM, ROM, or S.R.) • 48 Instructions, Data Oriented • Memory capacity can be indefinitely expanded • Complete Instruction through bank switching Decoding and Control using 110 instructions Included • Address stack contains eight 14-bit registers • Instruction Cycle Time- (including program counter) 12.5 p,s with 8008-1 or 20 p,s which permit nesting of with 8008 subroutines up to seven • TTL Compatible (Inputs, levels Outputs and Clocks) • Contains seven 8-bit registers .' Can be used with any type or speed semiconductor • Interrupt. Capability memory in any combination • Packaged in 18-Pin DIP BLOCK DIAGRAM PIN CONFIGURATION DO 0 ACCUMULATOR,DATA 1 ALU REGISTERS, PROG. INTERRUPT O2 COUNTER STACK Voo 18 03 ~0.....2 17 READY 04 0 6 16 9, 05 0 0 6 5 92 0 0 SYNC 7 DATA 4 BUS 0 3 13 INT O2 12 TIMING 0, 11 ROY 00 0..... 9 10 Vee So S, S2 9, ¢2 SYNC intel lee ANEW, EASY AND INEXPENSIVE WAY mDmlOP MICROCOMPUTER SYSTEMS From Intel, the people who invented the microcom­ pandable to 16K bytes. At the h~art of this system is puter, comes a new, inexpensive and easy way to the Intel 8008 CPU chip which has a repertoire of 48 develop OEM microcomputer systems. The wide­ instructions, seven working registers, an eight level spread usage of low-cost microcomputers is made address stack, interrupt capability and direct address possible by Inters MCS-4 four bit; and MCS-8 eight capability to 16K bytes of memory. bit, microcomputer sets. To make it easier to use The Intellec 4 is a four-bit modular microcomputer these microcomputer sets, Intel now offers complete development system with 5K bytes of program 4-bit and 8-bit modular microcomputer development memory. At the heart of this system is the Intel 4004 systems called Intellec 4 and Intellec 8. The Intellec CPU chip with a repertoire of 45 instructions, sixteen modular microcomputers are self-contained expand­ working registers, a four level address stack, and the able systems complete with central processor. capability of directly addressing over 43K bits memory, 1/0, crystal clock, TTY interface, power of memory. supplies, standard software, and a control and display console. Standard Microcomputer Modules. The individual modules used to develop the 4-bit and 8-bit micro­ The Intellec microcomputer development systems computer systems are also available as off-the-shelf feature: microcomputer building blocks. These include 4-bit • 4-bit and 8-bit parallel processor systems and 8-bit CPU modules, 1/0 Modules, PROM • Program development using RAMS for easier Programmer Modules, Data Storage Modules, loading and modification Control Modules, a Universal OEM Module and other • Standard DMA channel standard modules for expanding the Intellec systems • Standard software package or developing pre-production systems. • Crystal controlled clocks • Expandable memory and I/O With these modules you can tailor the components • Control panel for system monitoring and program to your specific microcomputer needs, buying as little debugging or as much as you need to do the job. • PROM programming capability Write for complete details on the Intellec modular • Less time and cost for microcomputer systems microcomputer development systems. They will be development available in 120 days, but plan now. Intel Corporation, The Intellec 8 is an eight-bit modular microcomputer 3065 Bowers Avenue, Santa Clara, California 95051 development system with 5K bytes of memory, ex- (408) 246-7501. intel® deJivers. Ad Reprint, June 1973 See Appendix VI CONTENTS Page No. I. Introduction .................. -. 3 II. Processor Timing. 4 A. State Control Coding ...................................... 4 8. Timing ................................................ 4 C. Cycle Control Coding ...................................... 5 III. Basic Functional Blocks 7 A. Instruction Register and Control .............................. 7 B. Memory ................................................ 7 C. Arithmetic/Logic Unit ..................................... 7 D. I/O Buffer ............................................. 7 IV. Basic Instruction Set 8 A. Data and Instruction Formats ................................ 8 B. Summary of Processor Instructions ............................. 8 C. Complete Functional Definition ............................... io D. Internal Processor Operation ................................. 15 V. Processor Control Signals ..................................... 18 A. Interrupt Signal ...... _................................... 18 B. Ready Signal ........................................... 20 VI. Electrical Specifications ..................................... 21 A .. DC and Operating Characteristics ............................. 22 B. AC Characteristics ........................................ 23 C. Timing Diagram ......................................... 23 D. Typical DC Characteristics ................................. 23 E. Typical AC Characteristics ................................. 23 VII. The SIMS-01 - An MCS-S Micro Computer ......................... 24 A. SI M8-0 1 Specifications ..................................... 25 B. SIM8-01 Schematic ....................................... 26 C. System Description ...... , ................................ 28 D. Normal Operation ....................................... 29 E. SIM8-01 Pin Description ................................... 31 VIII. MCS-8 PROM Programming System ............................. 33 A. General System Description and Operating Instructions ............... 33 B. MP7-03 PROM Programmer ................................. 39 C. Programming System Interconnection ........................... 40 IX. Micro Computer Program Development ........................... 44 A. MCS-8 Software Library .................................... 44 B. Development of a Microcomputer System ......................... 46 C. Execution of Programs from RAM on SI M8-01 Using Memory Loader Control Programs ., .... ' ..................... 47 X. MCBS-10 Microcomputer Interconnect and Control Module ............... 49 XI. Appendices .............................................. 56 I. SI M8 Hardware Assembler .................................. 56 II. MCS-8 Software Package - Assembler .......................... 71 A. Assembler Specifications ................................. 71 8. Tymshare Users Guide for Assembly ......................... 81 C. General Electric Users Guide for Assembly ..................... 81 D. Sample Program Assembly ................................ 82 III. MCS-8 Software Package - Simulator .......................... 84 A. Introduction ......................................... 84 B. Basic Elements ........................................ 84 C. INTERP/8 Commands ................................... 84 D. I/O Formatting Commands ...............................
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