DOCSLIB.ORG

Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Endangered Species Status for Echinomastus Erectocentrus Var

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Endangered Species Status for Echinomastus Erectocentrus Var Vol. 78 Tuesday, No. 190 October 1, 2013 Part V Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service 50 CFR Part 17 Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Endangered Species Status for Echinomastus erectocentrus var. acunensis (Acun˜a Cactus) and Pediocactus peeblesianus var. fickeiseniae (Fickeisen Plains Cactus) Throughout Their Ranges; Final Rule VerDate Mar<15>2010 19:36 Sep 30, 2013 Jkt 232001 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 4717 Sfmt 4717 E:\FR\FM\01OCR4.SGM 01OCR4 emcdonald on DSK67QTVN1PROD with RULES4 60608 Federal Register / Vol. 78, No. 190 / Tuesday, October 1, 2013 / Rules and Regulations DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR (TDD) may call the Federal Information For the Fickeisen plains cactus, the Relay Service (FIRS) at 800–877–8339. threats to the species and its habitat Fish and Wildlife Service SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: result from habitat destruction, modification, and degradation from 50 CFR Part 17 Executive Summary livestock grazing (Factor A) in This document consists of a final rule combination with predation by small [Docket No. FWS–R2–ES–2012–0061; mammals (Factor C) and natural 4500030113] to list as endangered Echinomastus erectocentrus var. acunensis (acun˜ a environmental variability and the effects RIN 1018–AY51 cactus) and Pediocactus peeblesianus of climate such as drought. When var. fickeiseniae (Fickeisen plains combined with the above mentioned Endangered and Threatened Wildlife cactus) under the Act. For the remainder threats, small population size (Factor E) and Plants; Endangered Species of this document, these species will be likely exacerbates the effects of these Status for Echinomastus erectocentrus referred to by their common names. threats on the Fickeisen plains cactus. var. acunensis (Acun˜ a Cactus) and Why we need to publish a rule. On In addition, the existing regulatory Pediocactus peeblesianus var. October 3, 2012 (77 FR 60509), we mechanisms are not ameliorating threats fickeiseniae (Fickeisen Plains Cactus) published proposed rules to list acun˜ a to the species. Throughout Their Ranges cactus and Fickeisen plains cactus as Peer review and public comment. We endangered species and to designate sought comments from independent AGENCY: Fish and Wildlife Service, specialists to ensure that our Interior. critical habitat for both species. In this document, we finalize our designation is based on scientifically ACTION: Final rule. determinations as endangered species sound data, assumptions, and analyses. We invited these peer reviewers to SUMMARY: We, the U.S. Fish and for these species under the Act. The Act comment on our listing proposal. We Wildlife Service (Service), determine requires that a final rule be published obtained peer reviews from two that Echinomastus erectocentrus var. within one year of a proposed rule in knowledgeable individuals for the acunensis (acun˜ a cactus) and order to add species to the lists of acun˜ a cactus and two knowledgeable Pediocactus peeblesianus var. endangered and threatened plants to individuals for the Fickeisen plains fickeiseniae (Fickeisen plains cactus) provide protections under the Act. We cactus, all with scientific expertise to meet the definition of endangered have determined that critical habitat for review our technical assumptions, species under the Endangered Species the acun˜ a cactus and the Fickeisen analysis, and whether or not we had Act of 1973, as amended. This final rule plains cactus is prudent and used the best available information for implements the Federal protections determinable in the proposed rule and both plants. These peer reviewers provided by the Act for these species. will soon publish in the Federal generally concurred with our methods The effect of this regulation will be to Register our final determination and conclusions and provided add these species to the List of designating critical habitat for both additional information, clarifications, Endangered and Threatened Wildlife cacti. The final critical habitat and suggestions to improve this final and Plants under the Endangered designation and supporting documents rule. Information we received from peer Species Act. will publish under Docket No. FWS– R2–ES–2013–0025, and can also be review is incorporated in this final DATES: This rule becomes effective revised designation. We also considered October 31, 2013. found at the above locations. The Endangered Species Act provides all comments and information received ADDRESSES: This final rule is available basis for our action. Under the during the comment period. on the Internet at http:// Endangered Species Act, we can Organization of Document www.regulations.gov, Docket No. FWS– determine that a species is an The layout of this rule is as follows: R2–ES–2012–0061. Comments and endangered or threatened species based the final listing determination of the materials we received, as well as on any of five factors: (A) The present acun˜ a cactus and the final listing supporting documentation used in the or threatened destruction, modification, determination for the Fickeisen plains preparation of this final rule, are or curtailment of its habitat or range; (B) cactus. available for public inspection at http:// Overutilization for commercial, www.regulations.gov. All of the recreational, scientific, or educational Previous Federal Actions comments, materials, and purposes; (C) Disease or predation; (D) documentation that we considered in Please refer to the proposed listing The inadequacy of existing regulatory rule for the acun˜ a cactus and Fickeisen this rulemaking are available by mechanisms; or (E) Other natural or appointment, during normal business plains cactus (77 FR 60509; October 3, manmade factors affecting its continued 2012) for a detailed description of hours at: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, existence. Arizona Ecological Services Office, 2321 previous Federal actions concerning For the acun˜ a cactus, the threats to these species. West Royal Palm Rd., Suite 103, the species and its habitat result from Phoenix, AZ 85021; by telephone 602– the effects of drought and climate Summary of Changes From Proposed 242–0210; or by facsimile 602–242– change (Factor A) in combination with Rule 2513. predation by native insect and small Since the publication of the October FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: mammal predators (Factor C). Threats 3, 2012 (77 FR 60509), proposed rule to Steve Spangle, Field Supervisor, U.S. also result from habitat destruction, list and designate critical habitat for the Fish and Wildlife Service, Arizona modification, and degradation from acun˜ a cactus and Fickeisen plains Ecological Services Field Office, 2321 United States-Mexico border activities cactus, we have made the following W. Royal Palm Road, Suite 103, (Factor A) and nonnative, invasive plant changes in this final rule: Phoenix, AZ 85021; by telephone (602) species issues (Factor A). In addition, (1) Based on information received 242–0210; or by facsimile (602) 242– the existing regulatory mechanisms in from public comments, we reevaluated 2513. Persons who use a place do not directly address the threats the threat of nonnative, invasive plants telecommunications device for the deaf to the species. on the acun˜ a cactus. As a result, we VerDate Mar<15>2010 19:36 Sep 30, 2013 Jkt 232001 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\01OCR4.SGM 01OCR4 emcdonald on DSK67QTVN1PROD with RULES4 Federal Register / Vol. 78, No. 190 / Tuesday, October 1, 2013 / Rules and Regulations 60609 determined that nonnative, invasive The first comment period, associated peer reviewer commented that Flora of plants currently occur in the vicinity of with the publication of the proposed North America considers the Fickeisen several populations of acun˜ a cactus, rule (77 FR 60509), opened on October plains cactus a subspecies of including the largest known population, 3, 2012, and closed on December 3, Pediocactus peeblesianus. The peer and will become a threat to the acun˜ a 2012. We requested written comments reviewer pointed out that we stated that cactus in the near future. Therefore, we on the proposed listing and critical the variety fickeiseniae was never conclude nonnative, invasive species habitat rule and the associated draft validly published; therefore, we should pose a threat to the acun˜ a cactus and its economic analyses during a comment use the current taxonomy. habitat. period that opened on March 28, 2013, Our Response: We have corrected our (2) Based on information received and closed on April 29, 2013, (78 FR statement in the rule (see ‘‘Taxonomy’’ from public comments that both 18938). We contacted all appropriate under ‘‘Species Description’’) that there affirmed and refuted the threat of Federal, State, tribal, and local agencies; are nine recognized species of nonnative, invasive plants on the scientific organizations; and other Pediocactus in the United States, eight Fickeisen plains cactus, we reevaluated interested parties and invited them to of which are endemic to the Colorado this threat. We conducted a thorough comment. Newspaper notices Plateau. We have referred to the review of available information and concerning the proposed rule and Fickeisen plains cactus (Pediocactus reassessed the distribution of nonnative, inviting the general public to comment peeblesianus var. fickeiseniae) as a invasive species to Fickeisen plains were published by two local variety since it was categorized as a cactus populations, including their risk newspapers. We did not receive any candidate species in 1980 based on
Load more

Recommended publications
  • December 2012 Number 1
    Calochortiana December 2012 Number 1 December 2012 Number 1 CONTENTS Proceedings of the Fifth South- western Rare and Endangered Plant Conference Calochortiana, a new publication of the Utah Native Plant Society . 3 The Fifth Southwestern Rare and En- dangered Plant Conference, Salt Lake City, Utah, March 2009 . 3 Abstracts of presentations and posters not submitted for the proceedings . 4 Southwestern cienegas: Rare habitats for endangered wetland plants. Robert Sivinski . 17 A new look at ranking plant rarity for conservation purposes, with an em- phasis on the flora of the American Southwest. John R. Spence . 25 The contribution of Cedar Breaks Na- tional Monument to the conservation of vascular plant diversity in Utah. Walter Fertig and Douglas N. Rey- nolds . 35 Studying the seed bank dynamics of rare plants. Susan Meyer . 46 East meets west: Rare desert Alliums in Arizona. John L. Anderson . 56 Calochortus nuttallii (Sego lily), Spatial patterns of endemic plant spe- state flower of Utah. By Kaye cies of the Colorado Plateau. Crystal Thorne. Krause . 63 Continued on page 2 Copyright 2012 Utah Native Plant Society. All Rights Reserved. Utah Native Plant Society Utah Native Plant Society, PO Box 520041, Salt Lake Copyright 2012 Utah Native Plant Society. All Rights City, Utah, 84152-0041. www.unps.org Reserved. Calochortiana is a publication of the Utah Native Plant Society, a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organi- Editor: Walter Fertig ([email protected]), zation dedicated to conserving and promoting steward- Editorial Committee: Walter Fertig, Mindy Wheeler, ship of our native plants. Leila Shultz, and Susan Meyer CONTENTS, continued Biogeography of rare plants of the Ash Meadows National Wildlife Refuge, Nevada.
    [Show full text]
  • Repertorium Plantarum Succulentarum LIV (2003) Repertorium Plantarum Succulentarum LIV (2003)
    ISSN 0486-4271 IOS Repertorium Plantarum Succulentarum LIV (2003) Repertorium Plantarum Succulentarum LIV (2003) Index nominum novarum plantarum succulentarum anno MMIII editorum nec non bibliographia taxonomica ab U. Eggli et D. C. Zappi compositus. International Organization for Succulent Plant Study Internationale Organisation für Sukkulentenforschung December 2004 ISSN 0486-4271 Conventions used in Repertorium Plantarum Succulentarum — Repertorium Plantarum Succulentarum attempts to list, under separate headings, newly published names of succulent plants and relevant literature on the systematics of these plants, on an annual basis. New names noted after the issue for the relevant year has gone to press are included in later issues. Specialist periodical literature is scanned in full (as available at the libraries at ZSS and Z or received by the compilers). Also included is information supplied to the compilers direct. It is urgently requested that any reprints of papers not published in readily available botanical literature be sent to the compilers. — Validly published names are given in bold face type, accompanied by an indication of the nomenclatu- ral type (name or specimen dependent on rank), followed by the herbarium acronyms of the herbaria where the holotype and possible isotypes are said to be deposited (first acronym for holotype), accord- ing to Index Herbariorum, ed. 8 and supplements as published in Taxon. Invalid, illegitimate, or incor- rect names are given in italic type face. In either case a full bibliographic reference is given. For new combinations, the basionym is also listed. For invalid, illegitimate or incorrect names, the articles of the ICBN which have been contravened are indicated in brackets (note that the numbering of some regularly cited articles has changed in the Tokyo (1994) edition of ICBN).
    [Show full text]
  • U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) Utah Field Office Guidelines for Conducting and Reporting Botanical Inventories and Monit
    U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) Utah Field Office Guidelines for Conducting and Reporting Botanical Inventories and Monitoring of Federally Listed, Proposed and Candidate Plants August 31, 2011 Jones cycladenia Daniela Roth, USFWS Barneby ridge-cress Holmgren milk-vetch Jessi Brunson, USFWS Daniela Roth, USFWS Uinta Basin hookless cactus Bekee Hotze, USFWS Last chance townsendia Daniela Roth, USFWS Dwarf bear-poppy Daniela Roth, USFWS INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE These guidelines were developed by the USFWS Utah Field Office to clarify our office’s minimum standards for botanical surveys for sensitive (federally listed, proposed and candidate) plant species (collectively referred to throughout this document as “target species”). Although developed with considerable input from various partners (agency and non-governmental personnel), these guidelines are solely intended to represent the recommendations of the USFWS Utah Field Office and should not be assumed to satisfy the expectations of any other entity. These guidelines are intended to strengthen the quality of information used by the USFWS in assessing the status, trends, and vulnerability of target species to a wide array of factors and known threats. We also intend that these guidelines will be helpful to those who conduct and fund surveys by providing up-front guidance regarding our expectations for survey protocols and data reporting. These are intended as general guidelines establishing minimum criteria; the USFWS Utah Field Office reserves the right to establish additional standards on a case-by-case basis. Note: The Vernal Field Office of the BLM requires specific qualifications for conducing botanical field work in their jurisdiction; nothing in this document should be interpreted as replacing requirements in place by that (or any other) agency.
    [Show full text]
  • Threatened, Endangered, Candidate & Proposed Plant Species of Utah
    TECHNICAL NOTE USDA - Natural Resources Conservation Service Boise, Idaho and Salt Lake City, Utah TN PLANT MATERIALS NO. 52 MARCH 2011 THREATENED, ENDANGERED, CANDIDATE & PROPOSED PLANT SPECIES OF UTAH Derek Tilley, Agronomist, NRCS, Aberdeen, Idaho Loren St. John, PMC Team Leader, NRCS, Aberdeen, Idaho Dan Ogle, Plant Materials Specialist, NRCS, Boise, Idaho Casey Burns, State Biologist, NRCS, Salt Lake City, Utah Last Chance Townsendia (Townsendia aprica). Photo by Megan Robinson. This technical note identifies the current threatened, endangered, candidate and proposed plant species listed by the U.S.D.I. Fish and Wildlife Service (USDI FWS) in Utah. Review your county list of threatened and endangered species and the Utah Division of Wildlife Resources Conservation Data Center (CDC) GIS T&E database to see if any of these species have been identified in your area of work. Additional information on these listed species can be found on the USDI FWS web site under “endangered species”. Consideration of these species during the planning process and determination of potential impacts related to scheduled work will help in the conservation of these rare plants. Contact your Plant Material Specialist, Plant Materials Center, State Biologist and Area Biologist for additional guidance on identification of these plants and NRCS responsibilities related to the Endangered Species Act. 2 Table of Contents Map of Utah Threatened, Endangered and Candidate Plant Species 4 Threatened & Endangered Species Profiles Arctomecon humilis Dwarf Bear-poppy ARHU3 6 Asclepias welshii Welsh’s Milkweed ASWE3 8 Astragalus ampullarioides Shivwits Milkvetch ASAM14 10 Astragalus desereticus Deseret Milkvetch ASDE2 12 Astragalus holmgreniorum Holmgren Milkvetch ASHO5 14 Astragalus limnocharis var.
    [Show full text]
  • Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants
    35906 Federal Register / Vol. 76, No. 118 / Monday, June 20, 2011 / Notices Screen outs Stayers Movers ALL MODES Total Number Responses ..................................................................................................... 8572 ........................ ........................ Total Burden Hours .............................................................................................................. 602 ........................ ........................ Status of the proposed information FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: To 4(c)(2)(A) of the Act requires us to collection: Continuing under current request information, see ‘‘VIII. review each listed species’ status at least authorization. Contacts.’’ Individuals who are hearing once every 5 years. Then, under section Authority: Section 8(C)(1) of the United impaired or speech impaired may call 4(c)(2)(B), we determine whether to States Housing Act of 1937. the Federal Relay Service at (800) 877– remove any species from the List 8337 for TTY (telephone typewriter or (delist), to reclassify it from endangered Dated: June 9, 2011. teletypewriter) assistance. to threatened, or to reclassify it from Raphael W. Bostic, SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: We are threatened to endangered. Any change Assistant Secretary for Policy Development initiating 5-year status reviews under in Federal classification requires a & Research. the Act of 2 animal and 10 plant separate rulemaking process. [FR Doc. 2011–15275 Filed 6–17–11; 8:45 am] species: Autumn buttercup (Ranunculus In classifying,
    [Show full text]
  • TISSUE CULTURE, HISTOLOGICAL and PIGMENT ANALYSIS of Hylocereus Polyrhizus (Weber) Britton and Rose
    TISSUE CULTURE, HISTOLOGICAL AND PIGMENT ANALYSIS OF Hylocereus polyrhizus (Weber) Britton AND Rose UMMI NUR AIN ABDUL RAZAK DISSERTATION SUBMITTED IN FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE INSTITUTE OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES FACULTY OF SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA KUALA LUMPUR 2017 UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA ORIGINAL LITERARY WORK DECLARATION Name of Candidate: Ummi Nur Ain Abdul Razak (I.C No: 880607235120) Matric No: SGR 120073 Name of Degree: Master of Science Title of Project Paper/Research Report/Dissertation/Thesis (“this Work”): Tissue Culture, Histological and Pigment Analysis of Hylocereus polyrhizus (Weber) Britton and Rose Field of Study: Plant Biotechnology (Biology and Biochemistry) I do solemnly and sincerely declare that: (1) I am the sole author/writer of this Work; (2) This Work is original; (3) Any use of any work in which copyright exists was done by way of fair dealing and for permitted purposes and any excerpt or extract from, or reference to or reproduction of any copyright work has been disclosed expressly and sufficiently and the title of the Work and its authorship have been acknowledged in this Work; (4) I do not have any actual knowledge nor do I ought reasonably to know that the making of this work constitutes an infringement of any copyright work; (5) I hereby assign all and every rights in the copyright to this Work to the University of Malaya (“UM”), who henceforth shall be owner of the copyright in this Work and that any reproduction or use in any form or by any means whatsoever is prohibited without the written consent of UM having been first had and obtained; (6) I am fully aware that if in the course of making this Work I have infringed any copyright whether intentionally or otherwise, I may be subject to legal action or any other action as may be determined by UM.
    [Show full text]
  • Draft RECOVERY PLAN
    Winkler cactus (Pediocactus winkleri) AND San Rafael cactus (Pediocactus despainii) Draft RECOVERY PLAN December 2015 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Denver, Colorado DISCLAIMER Recovery plans use the best available information to identify reasonable actions for protecting and recovering listed species. Plans are published by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and are sometimes prepared with the assistance of recovery teams, contractors, State agencies, or others. Attainment of recovery objectives and availability of funds are subject to budgetary and other constraints as well as the need to address other priorities. Nothing in this plan should be construed as a commitment or requirement for any Federal agency to obligate or pay funds in contravention of the Anti-Deficiency Act, 31 U.S.C. 1341, or any other law or regulation. Recovery plans do not necessarily represent the views, official position, or approval of any individuals or agencies involved in plan formulation other than the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. They represent the official position of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service only after they have been signed by the Regional Director. Approved plans are subject to modification as dictated by new findings, changes in species status, and the completion of recovery actions. The literature citation for this document should read: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2015. Winkler cactus (Pediocactus winkleri) and San Rafael cactus (Pediocactus despainii) recovery plan. Technical/agency draft. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Denver, Colorado. xii + 133 pp. Additional copies of the draft document can be obtained from: Utah Ecological Services Office U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • "Micropropagation of Members of the Cactaceae Subtribe Cactinae"
    J. AMER. SOC. HORT. SCI. 115(2):337-343. 1990. Micropropagation of Members of the Cactaceae Subtribe Cactinae Philip W. Clayton1, John F. Hubstenberger, and Gregory C. Phillips2 Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003- 0003 S. Ann Butler-Nance Department of Experimental Statistics, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003-0003 Additional index words. cactus, in vitro, Escobaria, Mamillaaria, Pediocactus, Sclerocactus, Toumeya Abstract. Micropropagation of 11 rare or endangered cacti species belonging to the subtribe Cactinae was achieved by rooting of proliferated axillary shoots. Shoot tip explants were obtained from seedlings of Escobaria missouriensis D.R. Hunt, E. robbinsorum (Earle) D.R. Hunt, Sclerocactus spinosior (Engelm.) Woodruff & L. Benson, and Toumeya papyracantha (Engelm.) Br. & Rose, and from mature plants of Mammillaria wrightii Engelm., Pediocactus bradyi L. Benson, P. despainii Welsh & Goodrich, P. knowltonii L. Benson, P. paradinei B.W. Benson, P. winkleri Heil, and S. mesae-verdae (Boissevain) L. Benson. Three or four species were used in each of a series of experiments investigating the effects of basal media and auxin and cytokinin types and concentrations on axillary shoot proliferation. Low or no auxin but moderate to high cytokinin concentrations were required for axillary shoot production. All species rooted spontaneously on hormone-free media; however, several species rooted better on media containing auxin. All species were re-established in the greenhouse. The propagation of native cacti is usually done with seed and painii, P. paradinei, P. winklerii, Toumeya papyracantha), rooted offshoots; however, conventional propagation methods threatened (E. robbinsorum, S. mesae-verdae), or endangered are inadequate for those species that exhibit no to few offshoots, (P.
    [Show full text]
  • PC20 Doc. 16.3 Annex 2
    PC20 Doc. 16.3 Annex 2 ASSESSMENT OF TRADE IN EPIPHYTIC CACTI AND REVIEW OF LISTING OF CACTACEAE SPP. IN APPENDIX II 1. This document has been prepared by Mr James Grogan under contract with the CITES Secretariat.1 2. Background information can be found in two key CITES documents: CoP15 Doc. 55, submitted by the Management Authority of Switzerland, describes the issue under consideration in this report, whether certain genera of epiphytic cacti (seven as listed below) should be excluded from Appendix II based on the preponderance of artificially propagated compared to wild- collected specimens in international trade; IUCN Red List conservation status is reviewed, and trade data for gross exports of wild-collected specimens from range nations during 1975–2008 are presented; PC19 Doc. 14.1, prepared by the Chair of the Working Group on the Periodic Review with assistance from the Scientific Authority of Mexico, presents further analysis of trade data during 1998–2008 including the number of specimens of epiphytic cacti in trade that were artificially propagated, number of records and specimens that were wild collected, confiscated or seized, or of unknown origin during this period, and geographic ranges of species in question. Natural range, morphology & taxonomy of the epiphytic cacti 3. The Cactaceae are a New World family except for one species, the epiphytic Rhipsalis baccifera, which is also found in Africa, Madagascar and as far east as Sri Lanka. Seven genera are considered here: Disocactus, Epiphyllum, Hatiora, Lepismium, PseudoRhipsalis, Rhipsalis, and Schlumbergera. 4. These genera are grouped in two tribes of the subfamily Cactoideae within the Cactaceae family: Hylocereeae: Disocactus, Epiphyllum, PseudoRhipsalis Rhipsalideae: Hatiora, Lepismium, Rhipsalis, Schlumbergera 5.
    [Show full text]
  • Cactaceae) with Special Emphasis on the Genus Mammillaria Charles A
    Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 2003 Phylogenetic studies of Tribe Cacteae (Cactaceae) with special emphasis on the genus Mammillaria Charles A. Butterworth Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Botany Commons, and the Genetics Commons Recommended Citation Butterworth, Charles A., "Phylogenetic studies of Tribe Cacteae (Cactaceae) with special emphasis on the genus Mammillaria " (2003). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 565. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/565 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps.
    [Show full text]
  • Tobusch Fishhook Cactus Species Status Assessment - Final
    Tobusch Fishhook Cactus Species Status Assessment - Final SPECIES STATUS ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TOBUSCH FISHHOOK CACTUS (SCLEROCACTUS BREVIHAMATUS SSP. TOBUSCHII (W.T. MARSHALL) N.P. TAYLOR) February, 2017 Southwest Region U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Albuquerque, NM Tobusch Fishhook Cactus Species Status Assessment - Final Prepared by Chris Best, Austin Ecological Services Field Office, Suggested citation: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2017. Species status assessment of Tobusch Fishhook Cactus (Sclerocactus brevihamatus ssp. tobuschii (W.T. Marshall) N.P. Taylor). U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Southwest Region, Albuquerque, New Mexico. 65 pp. + 2 appendices. i Tobusch Fishhook Cactus Species Status Assessment - Final EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Tobusch fishhook cactus is a small cactus, with curved “fishhook” spines, that is endemic to the Edwards Plateau of Texas. It was federally listed as endangered on November 7, 1979 (44 FR 64736) as Ancistrocactus tobuschii. At that time, fewer than 200 individuals had been documented from 4 sites. Tobusch fishhook cactus is now confirmed in 8 central Texas counties: Bandera, Edwards, Kerr, Kimble, Kinney, Real, Uvalde, and Val Verde. In recent years, over 4,000 individuals have been documented in surveys and monitoring plots. Recent phylogenetic evidence supports classifying Tobusch fishhook cactus as Sclerocactus brevihamatus ssp. tobuschii. It is distinguished morphologically from its closest relative, S. brevihamatus ssp. brevihamatus, on the basis of yellow versus pink- or brown-tinged flowers, fewer radial spines, and fewer ribs. Additionally, subspecies tobuschii is endemic to limestone outcrops of the Edwards Plateau, while subspecies brevihamatus occurs in alluvial soils in the Tamaulipan Shrublands and Chihuahuan Desert. A recent investigation found genetic divergence between the two subspecies, although they may interact genetically in a narrow area where their ranges overlap.
    [Show full text]
  • The Early Years of Cultivation I Primi Anni Di Coltivazione
    Cactus & Co. – cultivation – cultivation – cactus nordamericani north american cacti Pediocactusi primi anni di the early coltivazione years of Text & Photos: Jean Bonnefond cultivation Introduzione Introduction Alla fine del 2007, in seguito alla pubblicazione di un At the end of 2007, following the publication of an ar- articolo sui Pediocactus sulla rivista Succulentes, sono ticle of mine on Pediocactus in the journal Succulentes, stato invitato a tenere presso l’ELK 2009 una confe- I was invited to give a lecture at ELK 2009 dedicated renza dedicata a questo genere. Dopo aver accettato to this genus. I accepted the invitation, but decided l’invito, mi è parso subito logico non ripercorrere straight away not to go back over what I had written quanto già scritto nel precedente articolo. Incomin- in the previous article. I was beginning to have a fair ciavo ad avere una buona conoscenza dei Pediocactus a knowledge of Pediocactus after my numerous trips to seguito dei miei numerosi viaggi negli Stati Uniti e in the United States, where in particular I had travelled particolare nel vasto settore intorno a Four Corners, e in the huge area around Four Corners; and I had long il mio interesse sulla coppia Pediocactus – Sclerocactus been extremely interested in the pair Pediocactus - era vivo ormai da tempo. Sclerocactus. Avevo già sperimentato all’inizio degli anni ’90 la In the early 1990s I had already experimented with semina di queste cactacee, rigorosamente coltivate growing these cacti from seed, rigorously cultivating sulle proprie radici, e, quindi mi proposi di incentra- them on their own roots, and so I thought I would re la conferenza sull’esperienza acquisita in materia.
    [Show full text]