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Threatened, Endangered, Candidate & Proposed Plant Species of Utah

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Threatened, Endangered, Candidate & Proposed Plant Species of Utah TECHNICAL NOTE USDA - Natural Resources Conservation Service Boise, Idaho and Salt Lake City, Utah TN PLANT MATERIALS NO. 52 MARCH 2011 THREATENED, ENDANGERED, CANDIDATE & PROPOSED PLANT SPECIES OF UTAH Derek Tilley, Agronomist, NRCS, Aberdeen, Idaho Loren St. John, PMC Team Leader, NRCS, Aberdeen, Idaho Dan Ogle, Plant Materials Specialist, NRCS, Boise, Idaho Casey Burns, State Biologist, NRCS, Salt Lake City, Utah Last Chance Townsendia (Townsendia aprica). Photo by Megan Robinson. This technical note identifies the current threatened, endangered, candidate and proposed plant species listed by the U.S.D.I. Fish and Wildlife Service (USDI FWS) in Utah. Review your county list of threatened and endangered species and the Utah Division of Wildlife Resources Conservation Data Center (CDC) GIS T&E database to see if any of these species have been identified in your area of work. Additional information on these listed species can be found on the USDI FWS web site under “endangered species”. Consideration of these species during the planning process and determination of potential impacts related to scheduled work will help in the conservation of these rare plants. Contact your Plant Material Specialist, Plant Materials Center, State Biologist and Area Biologist for additional guidance on identification of these plants and NRCS responsibilities related to the Endangered Species Act. 2 Table of Contents Map of Utah Threatened, Endangered and Candidate Plant Species 4 Threatened & Endangered Species Profiles Arctomecon humilis Dwarf Bear-poppy ARHU3 6 Asclepias welshii Welsh’s Milkweed ASWE3 8 Astragalus ampullarioides Shivwits Milkvetch ASAM14 10 Astragalus desereticus Deseret Milkvetch ASDE2 12 Astragalus holmgreniorum Holmgren Milkvetch ASHO5 14 Astragalus limnocharis var. montii Heliotrope Milkvetch ASLIM 16 Carex specuicola Navajo Sedge CASP9 18 Cycladenia humilis var. jonesii Jones’ Waxy Dogbane CYHUJ 20 Glacocarpum suffrutescens Shrubby Reed-Mustard GLSU 22 Lepidium barnebyanum Barneby Ridge-cress LEBA 24 Lesquerella tumulosa or L. rubicundula Kodachrome Bladderpod LERU4 26 Pediocactus despainii San Rafael Cactus PEDE17 28 Pediocactus winkleri Winkler Cactus PEWI2 30 Phacelia argillacea Clay Phacelia PHAR2 32 Primula cusickiana var. maguirei Maguire Primrose PRCUM 34 Ranunculus aestivalis Autumn Buttercup RAAE 36 Schoenocrambe argillacea Clay Reed-mustard SCAR5 38 Schoenocrambe barnebyi Barneby Reed-mustard SCBA80 40 Sclerocactus brevispinus Pariette Cactus SCGL3 42 Sclerocactus glaucus Colorado Hookless Cactus SCGL3 42 Sclerocactus sileri Siler Pincushion Cactus SCSI3 44 Sclerocactus wetlandicus Uinta Basin Hookless Cactus SCGL3 42 Sclerocactus wrightiae Wright Fishhook Cactus SCWR 46 Spiranthes diluvialis Ute Ladies’ Tresses SPDI6 48 Townsendia aprica Last Chance Townsendia TOAP 51 Candidate Species Profiles Astragalus anserinus Goose Creek Milkvetch ASAN7 54 Penstemon scariosus var. albifluvis White River Penstemon PESCA 56 Sphaeralcea gierischii Gierisch Mallow SPGI2 58 Proposed Species Profiles None Additional Resources 58 3 Approximate population locations of Utah’s threatened, endangered and candidate plant species 4 Threatened and Endangered Species 5 arising from an underground woody caudex and Dwarf Bear Poppy long taproot. The leaves are 0.5 to 8 cm (0.2 to 3 Arctomecon humilis Coville in) long and 4 to 16 mm (0.16 to 0.63 in) wide with 3 or 4 lobes or teeth at the tip. Flowers sit Plant Symbol = ARHU3 atop a 2 to 9 cm (0.8 to 3.5 in) stalk. The petals Listing Status: Endangered (4 to 6) are white and 2 to 4 cm (0.8 to 1.5 in) long. The fruit is an egg-shaped capsule filled with shiny black, 2.5 to 3 mm (0.10 to 0.12 in) long seeds (Welsh et al. 2003). Distribution: Dwarf bear poppy is limited in distribution to the St. George area in extreme Southwestern Utah. There are approximately 12 populations within 16 km (10 mi) of St. George with larger populations near Red Bluff, Webb Hill, White Dome, Punchbowl Dome and Atkinville. Dwarf bearpoppy (Arctomecon humilis). Photo by Jane Villa-Lobos @ USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database. Alternate Names Coville bear-claw poppy Common bear poppy Low bear-claw poppy Uses There are no known human or wildlife associated uses of dwarf bear poppy. Status Dwarf bear poppy was listed by the USDI Fish Distribution of dwarf bear poppy in Utah and Wildife Service as an endangered species in 1979 (USDI-FWS 1979). At the time of the For current distribution, consult the Plant Profile listing in 1979 this species was known to exist in page for this species on the PLANTS Web site. only 5 small disjunct populations on very specialized and localized soils. Several factors Habitat: place dwarf bear poppy in danger of extinction Dwarf bear poppy is found in mixed warm desert throughout its range. The greatest threat to dwarf shrub communities from 750 to 1050 m (2,500 to bear poppy comes from housing, industrial 3,400 ft) elevations (Nelson and Harper 1991). development and off road vehicle (ORV) use. The dominant plant species associated with The area currently occupied by the city of dwarf bear poppy habitat are Fremont indigo Bloomington, Utah covers approximately one bush (Psorothamnus fremontii), cheesebush third of dwarf bear poppy’s historically known (Hymenoclea salsola), Mormon tea (Ephedra habitat. Strip mining of gypsum deposits in torreyana), shadscale (Atriplex confertifolia), dwarf bear poppy communities also poses a shrubby buckwheat (Eriogonum corymbosum) threat to the species. Additional threats come and Fremont pepperweed (Lepidium fremontii). from private collectors taking plants for ornamental and home cultivation. However, the Adaptation unique soil requirements of the species preclude The area in which dwarf bear poppy is found is it from surviving outside of its native range. known as the Dixie Corridor, where the Mohave Desert floristic province meets the Colorado Description Plateau. The non-alkaline, gypsiferous soils form General: Poppy family (Papaveraceae). Dwarf cryptogamic soil crusts, which exclude most bear poppy is a mound forming perennial forb 6 plant species. The result is a region of on the seed bank from which dwarf bear poppy “badlands” with low rolling hills and sparse can reestablish populations. vegetation (USDI FWS 1985). Dwarf bear poppy is restricted in range to areas with gypsum Collection for landscape use has been noted as a surbstrates derived from the Shnabkaib Member threat to dwarf bear poppy (USDI-FWS 1979), of the Moenkopi Formation (Nelson and Harper but little evidence of collecting has been seen at 1991). the known populations (USDI-FWS 1985). Establishment References Due to the restricted range and specific habitat Nelson, D.R., Harper, K.T. 1991. Site requirements of dwarf bear poppy, it has proven characteristics and habitat requirements of difficult to transplant and establish (USDI-FWS the endangered dwarf bear-claw poppy 1985). No known propagation protocols are (Arctomecon humilis Coville, available. Papaveraceae). Great Basin Naturalist 51(2): 167-175. Management USDA, NRCS. 2010. The PLANTS Database Management for dwarf bear poppy is focused on (http://plants.usda.gov, 13 April 2010). habitat preservation. The expansion and National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, development of St. George and surrounding LA 70874-4490 USA. communities poses the greatest threat to the USDI Fish and Wildlife Service. 1979. species. Existing populations should be protected Endangered and threatened wildlife and against further development and other land use plants: rule to determine Arctomecon that disturbs the sensitive soil surface. humilis is an endangered species. Federal Register. 44 (216): 64250-64252. Direct effects of off road vehicle use to USDI Fish and Wildlife Service. 1985. Dwarf individual plants may be limited to severe; bear-poppy (Arctomecon humilis Coville) however destruction of the cryptogamic crusts recovery plan. U.S. Fish and Wildlife and the resulting soil erosion significantly Service, Denver, CO. 36 pp. impacts the limited suitable habitat available for Welsh, S.L., N.D. Atwood, S. Goodrich, and dwarf bear poppy (Nelson and Harper 1991). L.C. Higgins. 2003. A Utah Flora. Third Moreover, soil erosion also has an adverse affect Edition, revised. Brigham Young University, Provo, UT. 7 The fruit is a 4 to 8 cm (1.6 to 3.2 in) long pod or Welsh’s Milkweed follicle. The seeds are large, 2 cm (1 in) long Asclepias welshii N.H. Holmgren & with a rudimentary coma, or tuft of hairs (USDI- P.K. Holmgren FWS, 1992). Plant Symbol = ASWE3 Listing Status: Threatened Welsh’s milkweed inflorescence. Photo by S. O’Kane Welsh’s milkweed (Asclepias welshii). Photo by J.P. Riser, Distribution: Washington State University Uses There are no known human uses of Welsh’s milkweed. This species, unlike other members of the genus, is not toxic to livestock. However larger animals tend to avoid the unconsolidated sands that make up Welsh’s milkweed habitat, leaving it largely unutilized by grazers. Status Welsh’s milkweed was listed as a threatened species in 1987 with designated critical habitat (USDI-FWS, 1987). Description General: Milkweed family (Asclepiadaceae). Distribution of Welsh’s milkweed in Utah Welsh’s milkweed is a perennial forb which Welsh’s milkweed is currently known to occur in grows from an extensive underground root three populations in southern Utah and northern system comprised of a taproot and horizontal Arizona. The largest population of an estimated runners connecting stem clusters. The plants 10,000 plants lies on the Coral Pink Sand Dunes grow with one to several erect stems to a height in Kane County, Utah. A second Utah population of 25 to 100 cm (10 to 39 in). The leaves are of approximately 500 individuals is found in the opposite, and broadly ovate; 6 to 9 cm (2.3 to 3.5 Sand Hills, also in Kane County. A third in) long, and 3 to 6 cm (1.2 to 2.3 in) wide population of approximately 500 plants is known (Welsh et al., 2003). The leaves and stems are at Sand Cove on the Kane County, Utah and covered with a white wooly tomentum, or Coconino County, Arizona border.
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