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Las Fuentes Aztecas Como Narración: Los" Casus Belli"
LAS FUENTES AZTECAS COMO NARRACIÓN: LOS CASUS BELLI CARLOS SANTAMARINA NOVILLO UNIVERSIDAD COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID RESUMEN: PROPONEMOS AQUÍ CONTEMPLAR LAS FUENTES AZTECAS COMO NARRACIÓN LITERARIA, PARA APRENDER A RECONOCER SU COMPONENTE LITERARIO Y DE FICCIÓN, IDENTIFICANDO LOS ESTEREOTIPOS NARRATIVOS UTILIZA- DOS, Y ESTABLECER ASÍ LA NECESARIA DISTANCIA ENTRE LA NARRACIÓN Y LOS HECHOS HISTÓRICOS MISMOS OBJETO DE NUESTRA INVESTIGACIÓN. NUESTRA CONTRIBUCIÓN AQUÍ SE REFIERE A LAS CAUSAS INMEDIATAS –O CASUS BELLI– DE LAS GUERRAS MEXICAS SEGÚN LAS FUENTES AZTECAS NOS LAS PRESENTAN. ENTALES ARGUMENTOS ES POSIBLE RECONOCER, ADEMÁS DE LA INTENCIONALIDAD POLÍTICA DE LEGITIMAR LA AGRESIÓN DESCARGANDO SOBRE LOS OTROS LA RESPONSABILIDAD DE LA GUERRA, LA CONFLUENCIA DE FACTORES ECONÓMICOS Y POLÍTICOS EN LA EXPAN- SIÓN MEXICA. PALABRAS CLAVE: Fuentes, narración, Imperio contribution here refers to casus belli, or the Azteca, guerra, ideología, propaganda. events which were alleged in the Aztec sources as a justification of the Mexica wars. In such argu- ABSTRACT: We propose here a consideration ments, a premeditated political legitimation of the about the Aztec sources as a literary narration, in aggression can be recognised as well as a con- order to recognise their literary and fictitious fluence of economic and political factors in the component, identifying the narrative stereotypes Mexica expansion. used, and stablishing the needed distance between the narration and the real historical facts, which KEY WORDS: Sources, narration, Aztec Empire, are -
Stear Dissertation COGA Submission 26 May 2015
BEYOND THE FIFTH SUN: NAHUA TELEOLOGIES IN THE SIXTEENTH AND SEVENTEENTH CENTURIES By ©Copyright 2015 Ezekiel G. Stear Submitted to the graduate degree program in the Department of Spanish and Portuguese and the Graduate Faculty of the University of Kansas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. ________________________________ Chairperson, Santa Arias ________________________________ Verónica Garibotto ________________________________ Patricia Manning ________________________________ Rocío Cortés ________________________________ Robert C. Schwaller Date Defended: May 6, 2015! ii The Dissertation Committee for Ezekiel G. Stear certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: BEYOND THE FIFTH SUN: NAHUA TELEOLOGIES IN THE SIXTEENTH AND SEVENTEENTH CENTURIES ________________________________ Chairperson, Santa Arias Date approved: May 6, 2015 iii Abstract After the surrender of Mexico-Tenochtitlan to Hernán Cortés and his native allies in 1521, the lived experiences of the Mexicas and other Nahuatl-speaking peoples in the valley of Mexico shifted radically. Indigenous elites during this new colonial period faced the disappearance of their ancestral knowledge, along with the imposition of Christianity and Spanish rule. Through appropriations of linear writing and collaborative intellectual projects, the native population, in particular the noble elite sought to understand their past, interpret their present, and shape their future. Nahua traditions emphasized balanced living. Yet how one could live out that balance in unknown times ahead became a topic of ongoing discussion in Nahua intellectual communities, and a question that resounds in the texts they produced. Writing at the intersections of Nahua studies, literary and cultural history, and critical theory, in this dissertation I investigate how indigenous intellectuals in Mexico-Tenochtitlan envisioned their future as part of their re-evaluations of the past. -
Ancient Nahuatl Poetry - Brinton's Library of Aboriginal American Literature Number VII
Ancient Nahuatl Poetry - Brinton's Library of Aboriginal American Literature Number VII. Daniel G. Brinton The Project Gutenberg EBook of Ancient Nahuatl Poetry, by Daniel G. Brinton This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.net Title: Ancient Nahuatl Poetry Brinton's Library of Aboriginal American Literature Number VII. Author: Daniel G. Brinton Release Date: April 30, 2004 [EBook #12219] Language: (English and Nahuatl) Character set encoding: ASCII *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ANCIENT NAHUATL POETRY *** Produced by David Starner, GF Untermeyer and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team [* Transcriber's note: The following substitutions have been made for diacritical marks in the original text which are not available at DP: For vowels with a breve: [)a], [)e], [)i], [)o], [)u]. For vowels with a macron: [=a], [=e], [=i], [=o], [=u]. *] ANCIENT NAHUATL POETRY, CONTAINING THE NAHUATL TEXT OF XXVII ANCIENT MEXICAN POEMS. BRITON'S LIBRARY OF ABORIGINAL AMERICAN LITERATURE, NUMBER VII. WITH A TRANSLATION, INTRODUCTION, NOTES AND VOCABULARY. BY DANIEL G. BRINTON 1890 PREFACE. It is with some hesitation that I offer this volume to the scientific public. The text of the ancient songs which it contains offers extreme and peculiar difficulties to the translator, and I have been obliged to pursue the task without assistance of any kind. Not a line of them has ever before been rendered into an European tongue, and my endeavors to obtain aid from some of the Nahuatl scholars of Mexico have, for various reasons, proved ineffectual. -
Bandelier's Contribution to the Study of Ancient- Mexican Social Organization
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PUBLICATIONS - -IN AMERICAN ARCHAEOLOGY AND ETHNOLOGY Vol. 12, No. 7, pp. 249-282' February 10, 1917 BANDELIER'S CONTRIBUTION TO THE STUDY OF ANCIENT- MEXICAN SOCIAL ORGANIZATION-: BY- T. T. WATERMAN *UNIVERSITY OF .CALIFORNIA PRESS BERKELEY UNIVESITY Or CALIFORNIA PUBLICATIONS DEPARTMENT OF AN OPOLOGY The following publications dealing with archaeological and ethnological subjects- issued under the direction of the Department of Anthropology are sent in exchange for the publi- cations of anthropological departments and museums, and for joumals devoted to general anthropology or to archaeology and ethnology. They are for sale at the prices stated. Exchanges should be directed to The Exchange Department, University Library, Berkeley, California, U. S. A. All orders and remittances should be addressed to the University of California Press. European agent for the series in American Archaeology and Ethnology, Claasical Phil- ology, Education, Modern Philology, Philosophy, and Semitic Philology, Otto Harrassowits, Leipzig. For the series in Botany, Geology, Pathology, Physiology, Zoology and aLso Amer- ican Archaeology and Ethnology, R. Friedlaender & Sohn, Berlin. AMERICAN ARCHAEOLOGY AND ETHNOLOGY.-A. L. Kroeber, Editor. Prices, Volume 1, $4.25; Volumes 2 to 11, inclusive, $3.50 each; Volume 12 and following $5.00 each. Cited as Univ. Calif. Publ. Arch. Ethn. Price Vol. 1. l. Life and Culture of the Hupa, by Pliny Earle- Goddard. Pp. 1-88; plates 1-30. September, 1903 ......................... $1.26 2. Hupa Texts, by Pliny Earle Goddard. Pp. 89-368. Xarch, 1904 ... 3.00 Index, pp. 369-378. VoL 2. 1. The Exploration of the Potter Creek Cave, by William J. Sinclair. -
Cuauhnahuac Ante La Hegemonía Tepaneca 1 Introducción: La
CUAUHNAHUAC ANTE LA HEGEMONÍA TEPANECA 1 CARLOS SANTAMARINA NOVILLO Introducción: la hegemonía de Azcapotzalco En nuestro trabajo de tesis doctoral, a partir del marco político azteca genéricamente considerado, hemos tratado de determinar la extensión del imperio dirigido desde Azcapotzalco, las relaciones que unían a los diversos tlatocayotl sometidos con la metrópoli y cómo fue posible el triunfo de los insurgentes en la guerra tepaneca. Para ello, hemos definido previamente el problema de la que hemos denominado “política posconquista”, concepto con el cual nos quere- mos preguntar acerca de las medidas tomadas por el altepetl dominan- te tras haber sometido —mediante el uso efectivo o no de la violencia militar— a otro altepetl, de modo que ese estado de dominación fuera estable en el tiempo y contribuyera al engrandecimiento de la unidad política hegemónica.2 Nuestra propuesta consiste en estudiar las va- riantes políticas que nos ofrecen los diferentes estudios de caso, como el del país tlahuica que nos ocupa en el presente artículo. Una primera cuestión que está en el principio de nuestra conside- ración sobre el imperio tepaneca es el grado en que forma parte de una estructura política tradicional, común a otras realidades históricas si- milares del área, el que hemos denominado como sistema de domina- ción azteca. 1 Este artículo es producto de la tesis doctoral presentada por el autor en la Univer- sidad Complutense de Madrid, la cual fue aceptada para su publicación por la Fundación Universitaria Española con el título El sistema de dominación azteca. El imperio tepaneca. Agradezco los comentarios críticos de José Luis de Rojas y Michael E. -
“Enclosures with Inclusion” Vis-À-Vis “Boundaries” in Ancient Mexico
Ancient Mesoamerica, page 1 of 16, 2021 Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press. This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. doi:10.1017/S0956536121000043 “ENCLOSURES WITH INCLUSION” VIS-À-VIS “BOUNDARIES” IN ANCIENT MEXICO Amos Megged Department of General History, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa 31990, Israel Abstract Recent in-depth research on the Nahua Corpus Xolotl, as well as on a large variety of compatible sources, has led to new insights on what were “boundaries” in preconquest Nahua thought. The present article proposes that our modern Western concept of borders and political boundaries was foreign to ancient Mexican societies and to Aztec-era polities in general. Consequently, the article aims to add a novel angle to our understanding of the notions of space, territoriality, and limits in the indigenous worldview in central Mexico during preconquest times, and their repercussions for the internal social and political relations that evolved within the Nahua-Acolhua ethnic states (altepetl). Furthermore, taking its cue from the Corpus Xolotl, the article reconsiders the validity of ethnic entities and polities in ancient Mexico and claims that many of these polities were ethnic and territorial amalgams, in which components of ethnic outsiders formed internal enclaves and powerbases. I argue that in ancient Mexico one is able to observe yet another kind of conceptualization of borders/ frontiers: “enclosures with inclusion,” which served as the indigenous concept of porous and inclusive boundaries, well up to the era of the formation of the so-called Triple Alliance, and beyond. -
Tomaszewski, Brian M. & ME Smith
Author's personal copy Journal of Historical Geography 37 (2011) 22e39 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Historical Geography journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jhg Polities, territory and historical change in Postclassic Matlatzinco (Toluca Valley, central Mexico) Brian M. Tomaszewski a,* and Michael E. Smith b a Department of Information Sciences & Technologies, Rochester Institute of Technology, 31 Lomb Memorial Drive, Rochester, NY 14623, USA b School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 872402, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA Abstract Historical interpretation of political dynamics in pre-conquest central Mexico from indigenous records is fraught with difficulties. Beyond the basic challenges involved in interpreting fragmentary evidence is the fact that the majority of evidence comes from the dominant imperial polity (Tenochtitlan) and paints a biased and overly generalized view of political and social dynamics in provincial areas. We present a reconstruction of the political geography of the Toluca Valley of central Mexico in Aztec times that avoids these biases by focusing not on the events described in native histories, but on the individual towns and their spatial locations. We find that a theoretical perspective that defines political entities by networks and relations among people more adequately captures the historical situation than traditional models that define polities based on territory and boundaries. Ó 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Political process; Polities; Ancient States; Borders; Toluca Valley; Mexico Reconstructing the pre-European political situation in central control of geographical space was continually contested between Mexico presents a challenge for research in historical geography. the native Matlatzinca people of the Toluca Valley and a series of Beyond obvious practical problems of fragmentary written outside imperial polities, including the Tepanecs, the Aztec Triple evidence are three inter-related conceptual challenges. -
ANUARIO DE ESPACIOS URBANOS, HISTORIA, CULTURA Y DISEÑO 2009 Anuario De Espacios Urbanos
ISSN electrónico: 2448-8828. No. 16. enero-diciembre 2009 ANUARIO DE ESPACIOS URBANOS, HISTORIA, CULTURA Y DISEÑO 2009 Anuario de Espacios Urbanos Historia, Cultura y Diseño 2009 Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Dr. Enrique Pablo Alfonso Fernández Fassnacht Rector General Mtra. Iris Santacruz Fabila Secretario General Unidad Azcapotzalco M.A.V Paloma Gabriela lbañes Villalobos Rectora de U ni dad lng. Eduardo Guayacochea Guglielmi Secretario de Unidad Mtro. Luis Carlos Herrera Gutiérrez de Velasco Anuario de Director de División de Ciencias y Artes para el Diseño Espacios Urbanos DCG. Verónica Arroyo Pedroza Secretaria Académica de la División de Ciencias y Artes para el Diseño D.I. Luisa Regina Martínez Leal Historia, Cultura y Diseño 2009 Jefa del Departamento de Evaluación del Diseño en el Tiempo Mtra. María del Carmen Bernárdez de la Granja Jefa de Área de Estudios Urbanos UNIVERSIDAD � AUTONOMA METROPOLITANA �,� evaluación del diseño E:, en rl tl�mpo casaabeta alnerrpo Azeapotzaleo ANUARIO DE ESPACIOS URBANOS, HISTORIA, CULTURA Y DISEÑO. Año 2009, número 16, enero diciembre 2009, es una publicación anual de la Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana a través de la Unidad Azcapotzalco, División de Ciencias y Artes para el Diseño. Prolongación Canal de Miramontes 3855, Col. Ex- Hacienda San Juan de Dios, Del. Tlalpan, C.P. 14387, Ciudad de México y Av. San Pablo 180, Col. Reynosa Tamaulipas, Del. Azcapotzalco, C.P. 02200, Ciudad de México. Teléfonos 54834000, ext. 1509 y 53183145. Página electrónica de la revista: http://espaciosurbanos.azc.uam.mx. Dirección electrónica: [email protected]. Editora Responsable: Consuelo Córdoba Flores. Certificado de Reserva de Derechos al Uso Exclusivo de Título No. -
Land, Water, and Government in Santiago Tlatelolco
ABSTRACT This dissertation discusses conflicts over land and water in Santiago Tlatelolco, an indigenous community located in Mexico City, in the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. The specific purpose of this study is to analyze the strategies that the indigenous government and indigenous people in general followed in the defense of their natural resources in order to distinguish patterns of continuity and innovation. The analysis covers several topics; first, a comparison and contrast between Mesoamerican and colonial times of the adaptation to the lacustrine environment in which Santiago Tlatelolco was located. This is followed by an examination of the conflicts that Santiago Tlatelolco had with neighboring indigenous communities and individuals who allied themselves with Spaniards. The objective of this analysis is to discern how indigenous communities in the basin of central Mexico used the Spanish legal system to create a shift in power that benefitted their communities. The next part of the dissertation focuses on the conflicts over land and water experienced by a particular group: women. This perspective provides insight into the specific life experience of the inhabitants of Santiago Tlatelolco during Mesoamerican and colonial times. It also highlights the impact that indigenous people had in the Spanish colonial organization and the response of Spanish authorities to the increasing indigenous use of the legal system. The final part discusses the evolution of indigenous government in Santiago Tlatelolco from Mesoamerican to colonial rulership. This section focuses on the role of indigenous rulers in Mexico City public works, especially the hydraulic system, in the recollection of tribute, and, above all, in the legal conflicts over land and water. -
Códice Xolotl
INDICE DE PERSONAS Acacomitl -de acatl - caña,comitl - vaso. Señor de Xochitepec-, X Ácamapichtli -de acatl - caña, mapichtli - puño. Hijo de Aculhua y Se- ñor de Tenochtitlan-, 11, 111, IV, V, VI Á�amapichtli -hijo de Opantecuhtli-, V Ácamapichtli -Caballero muerto por Chimalpopoca-, VIII Acatentehuatzin -hijo de Tozquentzin-, X Acatlotzin -de acatl - caña, dodi - halcón. Hijo de Techodalatzin-, V, VII Acatomatl o Acatonal -de acad - caña, tomad - tomate. Los cuatro circuli- llos podrían' representar el sol "tonalli" y damos "Acatonal". Jefe Chi chimeca-, I, 11 Acolhua o Aculhua -de ·acolli - brazo, atl - agua. Señor de Teotihuacan-, V, VI Acolmiztli -de ad - agua, acolli- brazo, mizdi - león. Hijo de Zihuaqueque notzin-, VII, X Acolmiztli -hijo de Huetzin y señor de Cohuatlichan-, 111, IV Acolnahuacatzin -de atl - agua, acolli - brazo, nahuati - hablar (vírgulas). Se ñor de Tlacopan-, V Aculhua -de acolli - brazo, atl - agua. Jefe Tepaneca, Señor de Atzcaput zalco-, 11, 111, IV Acxocuauh -de atl - agua, ixcitl - garra o pie, cuauhtli - águila. Hijo de Catohtlix de Culhuacan-, I Achitometl -de atl - agua, chia, metl - maguey. Hijo de Pochotl y Señor de Culhuacan-, II, III Achitometl -jefe de los Tepaneca-, V Achitometl -vasallo de Chimalpopoca-, VIII Amatzin -de atl- agua, maitl - mano. Hijo de Quauhquahpitzahuac-, V, VI Amitzin --de atl - agua, mitl - flecha. Señor de Chalco - Ateneo-, 11, 111, IV Atecatzin-Apotzoctin -hijo de Nopaltzin-, 11 Atometl -de atl - agua, metl- maguey. Hijo de Chalchiutlanetzin de Coyo huacan-, V Atotoztli -de atl - agua, tototl - pájaro. Hija de Achitometl y esposa de Huet- zin-, 111 Axochiatl -de atl - agua, xochitl- flor. Señora de Chapultepec-, I Axopal -de atl - agua. -
Aztec Empire JCC Background Guide
Aztec Empire JCC Background Guide April 13th Kutztown University of Pennsylvania Table of Contents 1 | Page Welcoming Letter from Chair……………………..………………………………. 3 Background ……………. ………………………………………………………………. 4-10 Topic at Hand………………………………………………………………………….. 11 What is Crisis ………………….…………………………………………….……… 12-14 Character List ………………….…………………………………………….……… 14-16 Welcoming Letter From Chair 2 | Page Staff Welcome Letter Dear Delegates, Welcome to KUMUNC XI! My name is Angel Rodriguez and I’m a junior from Reading, PA, majoring in Criminal Justice with a minor in Forensic Science. I have been part of Model UN since September 2017 and this is my first time as a chair. From 2017 until now I have been part of big conferences such as NMUN, McMUN and several others. In my spare time, I love playing basketball and recording myself playing my guitar too, later on, submit it to social media. I have a passion for Forensic Sciences and CSI fascinates me (not the TV show though). Fun facts about me, I cannot do horror movies under any circumstances, I speak two languages, English and Spanish, and a third one but partially which is Italian. The Aztecs culture is best known for the chocolate, amazing architecture, and their sometimes questionable religious ceremonies. Get ready to learn more this April… it is going to be amazing! I want everyone here to have a good time and a fun experience at KUMUNC XI. Although I am a first-time Chair, I know we will have a great time. Feel free to reach out to me with any questions that come to mind. Best of luck, Angel Rodriguez ([email protected]) 3 | Page History Early Mexica The Mexica or Aztlan migrants arrived in the basin area of central Mexico in the mid 13th century. -
Aztec Art & Architecture
AZTEC ART By MANUEL AGUILAR-MORENO, Ph.D. PHOTOGRAPHY: FERNANDO GONZÁLEZ Y GONZÁLEZ AND MANUEL AGUILAR-MORENO, Ph.D. DRAWINGS: LLUVIA ARRAS, FONDA PORTALES, ANNELYS PÉREZ AND RICHARD PERRY. TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION THE AZTEC ARTISTS AND CRAFTSMEN Tolteca MONUMENTAL STONE SCULPTURE Ocelotl-Cuahxicalli Cuauhtli-Cuauhxicalli Dedication Stone Stone of the Warriors Bench Relief Teocalli of the Sacred War (Temple Stone) The Sun Stone The Stones of Tizoc and Motecuhzoma I Portrait of Motecuhzoma II Spiral Snail Shell (Caracol) Tlaltecuhtli (Earth God) Tlaltecuhtli del Metro (Earth God) Coatlicue Coatlicue of Coxcatlan Cihuacoatl Xiuhtecuhtli-Huitzilopochtli Coyolxauhqui Relief Head of Coyolxauhqui Xochipilli (God of Flowers) Feathered Serpent Xiuhcoatl (Fire Serpent Head) The Early Chacmool in the Tlaloc Shrine Tlaloc-Chacmool Chicomecoatl Huehueteotl Cihuateotl (Deified Woman) Altar of the Planet Venus Altar of Itzpaopalotl (Obsidian Butterfly) Ahuitzotl Box Tepetlacalli (Stone Box) with Figure Drawing Blood and Zacatapayolli Stone Box of Motecuhzoma II Head of an Eagle Warrior Jaguar Warrior Atlantean Warriors Feathered Coyote The Acolman Cross (Colonial Period, 1550) TERRACOTTA SCULPTURE Eagle Warrior Mictlantecuhtli Xipec Totec CERAMICS Vessel with a Mask of Tlaloc Funerary Urn with Image of God Tezcatlipoca Flutes WOOD ART Huehuetl (Vertical Drum) of Malinalco Teponaztli (Horizontal Drum) of Feline Teponaztli (Horizontal Drum) With Effigy of a Warrior Tlaloc FEATHER WORK The Headdress of Motecuhzoma II Feathered Fan Ahuitzotl Shield Chalice Cover Christ the Savior LAPIDARY ARTS Turquoise Mask Double-Headed Serpent Pectoral Sacrificial Knife Knife with an Image of a Face GOLD WORK FIGURES BIBLIOGRAPHY INTRODUCTION A main function of Aztec Art was to express religious and mythical concepts to legitimize the power of the State.