Butterflies of Kootenai County 958 South Lochsa St Post Falls, ID 83854

Phone: (208) 292-2525 Adapted from Oregon State University Extension FAX: (208) 292-2670 Booklet EC 1549 and compiled by Mary V., Certified E-mail: [email protected] Idaho Master Gardener. Web: uidaho.edu/kootenai

By growing a bounty of native plants,

mixed with nearly-natives or non-natives, you can attract a variety of . Additional reading: https://xerces.org/your-pollinator-garden/ Butterflies favor platform-shaped flowers but will feed on a diversity of nectar-rich http://millionpollinatorgardens.org/ flowers. They prefer purple, red, orange, https://www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/pollinator violet, and yellow flower colors with sweet s/documents/AttractingPollinatorsV5.pdf scents. Butterflies love warm, sunny and http://xerces.org/pollinators-mountain- windless weather. region/

Planning your garden – Think like a o Tolerate Damage on your Plants: A Pollinator garden needs plants that feed larvae o Go Native: Pollinators are best adapted to (caterpillars). They feed on leaves and plant local, native plants which often need less material. If you do not feed the young, the water than ornamentals. adults will not stay in your landscapes.

o Plant in Groups of three or more: Planting o Provide a puddle as a water source: Allow large patches of each plant for better water to puddle in a rock or provide a foraging efficiency. shallow dish filled with sand as a water source for butterflies. Float corks or a stick o Blooming All Season: Flowers should bloom in your garden throughout the in the puddles to allow that fall in to growing season. Make sure to focus on fall be able to blooming plants and plants with a high crawl out. nectar content. o Plant flowers with wide o Be Patient: It can take time for native plants to grow and for pollinators to find them. landing pads, or flat arrays o Create Habitat: Many butterflies and moths of flowers. need small piles of branches, leaves, hollow twigs, rotten logs and bunchgrass clumps to complete their lifecycles. o Be Chemical Free: Limit pesticides and fertilizers. Even organic insecticides will

harm pollinators and beneficial insects. Contact your Idaho Master Gardeners to learn more about cultural methods and ” Plate from ''Erucarum Ortus'' (1679-1717), Maria Sibylla techniques to protect your garden from Sources: “Attracting Pollinators to Your Garden Using Native pests. High nitrogen fertilizers harm the Plantshttps://www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/pollinators/documents water sources they drink from. /AttractingPollinatorsV5.pdf www.butterfliesandmoths.org

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• polios Hoary Elfin Butterfly Species in Kootenai County • Callophrys eryphon Western Elfin • Satyrium sylvinusSylvan Hairstreak Hesperiidae Skippers • Satyrium saepium Hedgerow Hairstreak • Erynnis persius Persius Duskywing • Strymon melinus Gray Hairstreak • Pyrgus ruralis Two-banded Checkered- • Cupido amyntula Western Tailed-Blue Skipper • Celastrina lucia Northern Azure • Pyrgus communis Common Checkered- • Glaucopsyche piasus Arrowhead Blue Skipper • Glaucopsyche lygdamus Silvery Blue • Heliopetes ericetorum Northern White- • idas Northern Blue Skipper • Plebejus melissa Melissa Blue (includes • Carterocephalus palaemon Arctic Skipper ) • Oarisma garita Garita Skipperling • Plebejus saepiolus Greenish Blue • Hesperia juba Juba Skipper • Plebejus icarioides Boisduval's Blue • Hesperia colorado Western Branded Skipper • Plebejus lupini Lupine Blue • Ochlodes sylvanoides Woodland Skipper • Amblyscirtes vialis Common Roadside- Brush-footed Butterflies Skipper • Speyeria cybele Great Spangled Fritillary • Speyeria zerene Zerene Fritillary Papilionidae Parnassians and • Speyeria callippe Callippe Fritillary Swallowtails • Speyeria hydaspe Hydaspe Fritillary • machaon Old World Swallowtail • Boloria epithore Pacific Fritillary • Anise Swallowtail • Limenitis lorquini Lorquin's Admiral • Papilio rutulus Western Tiger Swallowtail • Chlosyne palla Northern Checkerspot • Pale Swallowtail • Phyciodes mylitta Mylitta Crescent • Phyciodes cocyta Northern Crescent Whites and Sulphurs • Phyciodes pulchella Field Crescent • Euphydryas editha Edith's Checkerspot • Anthocharis stella Stella Orangetip • Euphydryas chalcedona Chalcedon • Euchloe ausonides Large Marble Checkerspot • menapia Pine White • Euphydryas anicia Anicia Checkerspot • Pieris marginalis Margined White • Polygonia satyrus Satyr Comma • Pontia beckerii Becker's White • Polygonia faunus Green Comma • Colias eurytheme Orange Sulphur • Polygonia gracilis Hoary Comma • Colias occidentalis Western Sulphur • Aglais milberti Milbert's Tortoiseshell • Colias pelidne Pelidne Sulphur • vaualbum Compton Tortoiseshell • Colias interior Pink-edged Sulphur • Nymphalis antiopa Mourning Cloak • Nymphalis californica California Gossamer-wing Butterflies Tortoiseshell • Lycaena heteronea Blue Copper • Vanessa atalanta Red Admiral • Lycaena helloides Purplish Copper • Vanessa cardui Painted Lady • Lycaena mariposa Mariposa Copper • Coenonympha tullia Common Ringlet • Callophrys sheridanii Sheridan's Green • Erebia epipsodea Common Alpine Hairstreak • Oeneis chryxus Chryxus Arctic • Callophrys nelsoni Nelson's Hairstreak • Cercyonis pegala Common Wood-Nymph • Callophrys spinetorum Thicket Hairstreak • Cercyonis oetus Small Wood-Nymph • Callophrys augustinus Brown Elfin • Callophrys mossii Moss' Elfin 2

Common Kootenai County Butterflies with Host and Nectar Plants

SPECIES HOST PLANTS NECTAR PLANTS Anise swallowtail Desert-parsley/biscuit root*, dill, Desert-parsley/biscuit root*, carrot, garden parsley, anise garden mint, zinnia, penstemon* Papilio zelicaon

Western tiger swallowtail Big-leaf maple*, *, aspen*, Common lilac, rhododendron*, cottonwood* honeysuckle*, milkweed*, mock Papilio rutulus orange*, lavender, verbena, sweet william

Pale swallowtail Buckbrush*, cherry*, plum, Oceanspray*, columbine*, garden hawthorn*, cascara*, oceanspray* mint, blackberry*, penstemon*, Papilio eurymedon sweet william

Gray hairstreak Pea*, mallow*, buckthorn*, Goldenrod*, milkweed*, *, rhododendron*, *, pine* winter cress* Strymon melinus

Pine white Pine*, Douglas-fir*, true fir*, Dusty miller, daisies, coreopsis, hemlock*, red cedar* lobelia, goldenrod*, strawflower Neophasia menapia

Orange sulfur Alfalfa, clover*, and other legumes Alfalfa, mustard, aster*, red-osier dogwood* Colias eurytheme

Brown elfin Apple, bitterbrush*, Cherry*, plum, willow*, osoberry*, rhododendron*, azalea, salal* bitterbrush* Callophrys augustinus

Purplish copper Knotwood*, cinquefoil*, dock*, Mint*, heather*, clover* sorrel* Lycaena helloides

Silvery blue Lupine*; also wild pea*, vetch*, Cherry*, plum, coneflower, desert- clover* parsley/biscuit root*, lupine* Glaucopsyche lygdamus

Lorquin’s admiral Willow*, oceanspray*, Dogbane*, wild mustard*, cottonwood*, cherry*, apple blackberry*, privet Limenitis lorquini

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Red admiral Stinging nettle* Daisy, aster*, thistle*, dandelion, goldenrod*, milkweed* Vanessa atalanta

Painted lady sunflower*, pearly everlasting*, Oregon-grape*, rabbitbush, zinnia, hollyhock dandelion, aster*, cosmos, Vanessa cardui milkweed*, purple coneflower

Mourning cloak Elm, cottonwood*, willow*, *, Elm, cottonwood*, willow*, birch*, wild rose*, hawthorn* wild rose* Nymphalis antiopa

California tortoiseshell Wild lilac* Willow*, garden lilac, sneezeweed*

Nymphalis californica

Satyr comma Stinging nettle* Dandelion, aster*, blackberry*

Polygonia satyrus

Common ringlet Grasses* Dandelion, sweetclover, buttercup*

Coenonympha tullia

Common wood nymph Grasses* Coneflower, garden mint, sunflower, fleabane*, penstemon*, Cercyonis pegala clematis

Great spangled fritillary Violet* Gloriosa daisy, verbena, milkweed*

Speyeria cybele

Woodland skipper Grasses* Bluebeard, lavender, garden sage, pearly everlasting*, Ochlodes sylvanoides black-eyed susan*, aster*

* Many wild varieties

Host Plant – where adult butterflies and moths lay their eggs; the plant (usually leaves) that caterpillars eat

Nectar Plant – plants that provide nectar (usually from flowers) that adult butterflies and moths eat

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