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Home , Samuel de Champlain

Northwest Passage

• An all-water route through to Asia. Profit

• Amount of money that remains after the costs of the business have been paid. John Cabot

• Explored the Atlantic Ocean and found the valuable fishing are now known as the Grand Banks. Giovanni de Verrazano

• Explored the Atlantic Coast from the Carolinas to . Henry Hudson

• Sailed for the Netherlands on his ship the Half Moon. • Explored the Delaware and Chesapeake Bays; explored what is now known as the Hudson River.

• Claimed land for near the St. Lawrence River Samuel de Champlain

• “The Father of ” • Founded , the first permanent French settlement. Marquette & Jolliet

• Explored the Mississippi River. Sir Walter Raleigh

• Convinced Queen Elizabeth I to give the colonists a charter to settle in Roanoke. Charter

• A document that permits colonists to settle land claimed by their ruler. John White

• Leader of the colonists at Roanoke. • Had to return to England to get supplies. He was delayed 3 years while the English fought the Spanish Armada. • When he returned, all that was found was the word “Croatoan” on a fence post. Joint Stock Company

• A group of merchants who each put some of their money together to fund voyages to North America. Chief Powhatan

• The name given to the leader of the Powhatan tribe. Captain John Smith

• Leader of the men in Jamestown who convinced them to stop looking for gold. • “He that will not work shall not eat.” John Rolfe

• Married Pocahontas, which helped to keep peace with the Powhatan tribe. • Harvested the first tobacco crop, which became a cash crop in Jamestown. Indentured Servants

• People who agreed to work 5-7 in exchange for the cost of the voyage over to North America. Dutch Ship

• Landed in Jamestown in need of supplies. The captain paid for the supplies with captive Africans. This was the start of slavery in the colonies. House of Burgesses

• The first form of government in Jamestown. Pilgrims

• Left England for the Netherlands to practice their religion in peace. • Did not like that their children were becoming Dutch so they returned to England. • Were given a charter to settle near Jamestown. • The was blown off course and they settled near in . Mayflower Compact

• An agreement the Pilgrim men signed on the Mayflower that said they would follow all rules of the colony. Sachem

• A Native American leader.

• A Native American who lived with the Pilgrims and taught them how to survive. and

• Wampanoag sachems who helped the Pilgrims survive. William Bradford and Miles Standish

• Pilgrim leaders