1 ANC Today VOTE ANC 12 VOICE OF THE AFRICAN NATIONAL CONGRESS DAYS LEFT 26 April - 2 May 2019

Conversations with the President -

South Africa’s Future is Bright 25th Anniversary of the Achievements of Freedom and Democracy

t is fitting that we hold this and the aspirations of the millions 27th of April 1994. made an invaluable contribution to National Orders ceremony of South Africans who stood in The National Orders are the enriching public life: whether it is – to bestow our country’s line to vote for freedom on the highest honour that this country in the academic, social, cultural, highest honours on South can bestow on its citizens and technological, music, artistic, Africans who have so eminent foreign nationals. political and other spheres. faithfully discharged their Although they are conferred We are also joined by the families duty to their communities, to The man whose by the President, the recipients of those who have unfortunately theirI fellow citizens and to their name this award are nominated by members of passed away, to receive on their country – on the eve of such a carries, Oliver the public. behalf the recognition they so momentous occasion. These Orders celebrate individuals richly deserve. It is fitting that we recognise also Reginald Tambo, who have excelled; whose actions Proud of your determination, of the contribution of eminent foreign was one of the and works represent the triumph your courage, of your unwavering nationals who contributed to the main drivers of of the human spirit. patriotism, and of your persistence achievement and advancement of the international They are men and women driven in pursuit of the common good. our freedom. by purpose and service. There can be no greater human Together, the distinguished movement of solidarity We have among us here today contribution than to lay down recipients of the National Orders against apartheid. South Africans who have excelled one’s life to save another. represent the values, the ideals in a number of fields and who have Although continues on page 4

“...” The Fight We Must Espouse The achilles heel of for Freedom Must Tambo’s Principles the post-apartheid Continue generation

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EDITORIAL Unleashing our Energies and Focusing on Political Education

By Elias Magashule

elcoming guests to the opening of the OR Tambo School of Leadership, the Secretary General of the African National WCongress (ANC), Comrade Elias Magashule had the following to say, including remarks on former Elias Magashule ANC Secretary ANC President Oliver Reginald General Tambo, to whom the school is aptly dedicated: Comrade President Oliver Tambo is one of our outstanding sons, whose name is engraved a regular basis. Leadership will collaborate with in the epitaph of the pantheons cause of development of human the Mwalimu Julius Nyerere of the struggle for the liberation society at every moment, A political school is the nucleus, School of Leadership, including of our country and of human to analyse and understand other schools managed by other society. He belongs to those of and therefore an essential correctly every turning point former liberation movements in the few and the better, to those life, of any revolutionary of society and to carry out the sons and daughters of our soil, movement. It is like a factory the continent, for the purpose revolutionary transformation of whose names are emboldened of production which produces of achieving our strategic goal society”. in the glorious path of the heroic the calibre of cadres, the most of building a strong organisation The founder of the Communist on our continent and in the history of the struggle of our advanced elements in society, Party of China Comrade Mao world. people. with farsighted clarity on the Tse Tung said the following ideological and organisational A Board of well experienced Comrade President OR was about the important role of the forms of struggle society has to men and women led by the one the towering giants of cadres of a party: engage with at the turn of each former Secretary General and our struggle, and the longest “They must be modest and and every historical period. A Deputy President of the ANC serving President of our national prudent and guard against political education school is like Cde Kgalema Motlante has Liberation Movement. A humble arrogance and impetuosity, they servant of the people who no a nursery which hatches new been appointed to oversee the revolutionary ideas necessary functioning of the school. We are must be imbued with the spirit words can describe the pathos of self-criticism and have the of his outstanding feats and to guide the struggle for the confident that these able men courage to correct mistakes and his contribution towards the liberation of human society. It is and women of our Movement shortcomings in their work. noble cause of our struggle for a platform to empower society will be equal to that important Our party organisation must be freedom and dignity. Comrade with rich ideas to create better task. President OR Tambo was the living conditions for peace, Karl Marx, one of the extended all over the country epitome of our revolutionary freedom and equality. outstanding philosophers of the and must purposefully train theory for transformation of Last year, we attended an world revolutionary movement tens of thousands of cadres and society. His epic definition of auspicious ceremony of the said the following: hundreds of first rate cadres. the revolutionary Alliance as a official launch of Mwalimu Julius “... the ideas of the ruling class They must be politically far living organism born out of the Nyerere School of Leadership in are in every epoch the ruling sighted, competent in work, common struggle of our people the United Republic of Tanzania. ideas, the class which is the full of spirit of self-sacrifice, was a reflection of his rich The school is an important ruling material force is at the capable of tackling problems theoretical understanding of initiative to empower young same time its ruling intellectual on their own, loyal and devoted the nature of our South African people with the requisite skills force. The class which has the to the nation and the party. It revolution. necessary for the development means of material production is on these cadres and leaders Therefore, the inauguration of the African continent. at its disposal, has control at that the party will depend for its of the OR Tambo School of The OR Tambo School of the same time over the means links with the membership and Leadership will go a long way of mental production, so that the masses. in ensuring that we build a new thereby generally speaking, the Such cadres and leaders type of cadre, capable of leading ideas of those who lack the must be free from selfishness, We are confident means of mental production are the struggle of our people from individual heroism, subject to it. during that historic period of that the OR sloth, passivity, and arrogant The ruling ideas are nothing a hostile world dominated by sectarianism and be selfless Tambo School of more than the ideal expression forces of imperialism and neo- national and class heroes, colonialism. of the dominant material such are the qualities and We need to unleash our Leadership will relationships, the dominant style of work demanded of the energies and focus on political relationships grasped as ideas”. guarantee the members, cadres and leaders of education and therefore building on the capacity of our struggle of our One of the founders of the our party”. young generation, if indeed we Communist party of the Soviet We are confident that the OR want to eliminate the dominant people for the Union, Vladimir Illich Lenin said Tambo School of Leadership vestiges of imperialism and achievement of the the following: will guarantee the struggle of neo-colonialism in our society. “Our revolutionary scientific our people for the achievement To achieve this important objectives of our theory is the weapon to make us of the objectives of our national strategic political task, we need national democratic judge and define the methods democratic revolution. It is to make it compulsory that all of struggle correctly. That is a hoped that it will indeed be a our branches have systematic revolution. weapon that helps us to analyse fountain of wisdom for the future political education sessions on and understand correctly the generations. 3 ANC Today 4 ANC Today

Conversations with the PRESIDENT continued from page 1 South Africa’s Future is Bright 25th Anniversary of the Achievements of Freedom and Democracy

and support they have shown to community and their country. South Africa. A citizen enters fully into the social Through their actions they have contract, binding themselves into demonstrated the true meaning a collective for the greater good. of solidarity as Pope John Paul A citizen is an agent for change. II once defined it. We have among us today the very best of such citizens. He said: You have gained recognition “Solidarity is not a feeling for your dedication to personal, professional and other improvement; of vague compassion or to putting yourselves at the shallow distress at the service of your country; and for misfortunes of so many your willingness to do your part to make South Africa a better place. people: to the contrary, it In doing so you have displayed is a firm and persevering not self-interest, but selflessness determination to commit and altruism, the noble values that oneself to the common defined our struggle for liberation. The men and women we honour we have among us eminent Africans. good, that is to say, to today have scaled the heights, representatives of our society The Order of the Baobab the good of all and every but we know too well that these whose names will be called out recognises South Africans who individual, because we do not yet represent the pinnacle in the honours roll, I would like have contributed to community of their achievements. to begin by acknowledging the service, business and economy, are all really responsible Today your country has honoured act of selflessness and courage science, medicine and technological for all.” you, but it is an honour that should of nine-year-old Thapelo Tambeni innovation. inspire you to set even greater from Soshanguve. As researchers, scientists and The men and women on whom goals, driven by a commitment to This young boy did not hesitate inventors, you have used your we confer this honour today lifelong learning and to a constant when he saw his friend fall into talent and expertise to further forged and sustained the bonds betterment of the self. a water-filled pit near his home our understanding of the most of solidarity with us during our You have shown that as South last year. pressing questions of the day, and darkest moments, and offered Africans we can render service He managed to pull his friend aided our quest to solve some of moral and material support to the to the Republic in many different away from danger, but lost his our greatest challenges. anti-apartheid struggle. ways. own life. The Order of Luthuli acknowledges The man whose name this award I wish to congratulate you, as well Today we posthumously bestow the contribution of South Africans carries, Oliver Reginald Tambo, as the families of those who are the Order of Mendi for bravery on to the struggle for democracy, to was one of the main drivers of being recognised posthumously. young Thapelo. nation-building, to human rights, to the international movement of You have exerted yourselves His brave deed will be forever justice and peace, and to conflict solidarity against apartheid. to the best of your respective recorded in our country’s history, resolution. In bestowing this honour we abilities, and excelled. with those of the fallen soldiers on You recognised, as we do, that salute those of our friends in the You give us further cause to board the SS Mendi, who perished the attainment of liberation was international community who have believe that South Africa’s future in the sea en route to the Western just the first step towards realising consistently embodied the values is bright. Front in the First World War. a South Africa that is just and of compassion, of humanity and of You have done your duty. There is no honour, no award, prosperous, and were prepared ubuntu: that a person is a person You have made your country that can extinguish the pain of to continue to play your part to through other people. proud. the loss of a life so young, in realise a society free of poverty, In your commitment to the You fully deserve the highest circumstances so tragic. want and underdevelopment. betterment of yourselves and your praise of being called citizens To Thapelo’s family, we wish you The Order of Mapungubwe communities, you have shown that of South Africa and citizens of strength. Your son was among the recognises those who have indeed a fundamental difference the world. bravest of the brave. accomplished excellence and exists between being a member Under the powers vested in The Order of Ikhamanga will today exceptional achievement to the of society and being a citizen. me by the Constitution of the be bestowed on South Africans benefit of South Africa and beyond. A member of society merely Republic of South Africa, I now who have excelled in the fields of By means of your scholarship, exists. confer the Order of Mendi, the the arts, culture, literature, music, your research and your advocacy, A member of society, though Order of Ikhamanga, the Order of journalism and sport. you have elevated South Africa they enjoy the rights afforded by the Baobab, the Order of Luthuli, Whether as athletes, artists, as an incubator of knowledge, our Constitution, does not take an the Order of Mapungubwe and musicians, polemicists, actors innovation and progress on some active part in the political, social the Order of the Companions of or writers, through your work of the most critical global issues, and cultural life of the nation. O R Tambo. you have greatly enriched the from nanotechnology to social A citizen, by contrast, assumes The recipients shall henceforth be cultural life of the country, in the science to climate change. the duties of membership of society. honoured as esteemed Members process fostering social cohesion Today we also confer the Order of A citizen embraces the concept of the Orders. and serving to rally us around the Companions of OR Tambo on of civic virtue – of dedication The people of South Africa our common identity as South foreign nationals for the friendship to the common welfare of their salute them all! 5 ANC Today

COMMENTS & ANALYSIS “...” The Fight for Freedom Must Continue

DEAR MR PRESIDENT:

oday, 25 years ago, we patiently queued in our millions to cast our vote in peace and friendship to help define the freedom of the people of South Africa. We Tcame together guided by our common and shared vision to build a better life for all South Africans and to take charge of our destiny. The ideal of a free and democratic South Africa in which all people lived in equality before the law and with equal opportunities the African National Congress demand that place the best became a reality when a that Sekunjalo - Ke Nako and interest of the populace at the government justly constructed of us. Our people – primarily the rightly referred to our iconic heart of everything else we do. behind the will of the people African majority no longer have first democratically elected Yes, until all South Africans was ushered into power through to endure the humiliation of are free from unemployment, a free and fair election. President of South Africa Tata Nelson Mandela as the “People’s economic exclusion, hunger having to carry passes wherever True to the proclamation of our they go. They no longer suffer Freedom Charter that “These Choice” and poverty, until all of us the indignity of having to be Freedoms we shall fight for, Today Mr President and on the are free from disease and side by side, throughout our eve of our general Elections you underdevelopment and until confined to certain parts in the lives until we have won our too have rightfully earned the we can all walk freely without land of their forefathers. We liberty”, the historic moment meddle of “People’s Choice” fear of crime and victimisation, have now reclaimed our dignity - endorsed by many across South Africa would not have gave practical meaning to our and proud to be called South political, social and religious attained the ultimate freedom call that “People Govern” with Africans. All us regardless our the creation of a democratic, spectrum. for which many of our martyrs skin colour can just share in the non-racial and non-sexist state However even with this positive laid down their lives. Twenty- duly founded through the will of mood Mr President, there five years later, we now have an country’s wealth. Our ordinary the people. seems to be growing consensus opportunity to express our pride African masses in villages and Out of the womb of an unjust in our society that our Freedom in our achievements as a nation townships now understand the and inhuman society emerged remains incomplete as a nation and to commit ourselves to the meaning of expropriating land pledge of making the new dawn a new society whose values for as long as many others leave without compensation. in “Squalor”. We need to make a reality. are based on justice, equality Freedom means access to basic and human rights. The sick, the the deepening of freedom and Mr President, many patriotic previously disenfranchised and democracy a way of life by South Africans appreciate services no longer depends on the poor can now claim a place addressing the social backlogs the meaning of Freedom Day race. South Africans now have of pride alongside the rest of like the creation of sustainable and the countless sacrifices, equal access to opportunities humanity. It is now Uhuru even jobs for the youth. struggles and the ultimate including decent health care, price many of our countrymen Africa has been liberated form Mr President, I want to believe education and shelter. We are had to pay in order for us to the evil policies that sought we both subscribe to this justified Mr President as your to deny her the most basic conviction amongst others attain this freedom. We must organization the ANC to claim human rights. Sustaining this as espoused in our Freedom therefore never give up on the Freedoms and fully ridding our Charter “that no government total eradication of the legacy of that our efforts to build a human society of racism still needs can justly claim authority unless apartheid and colonialism in our rights culture are yielding years of united action. it is based on the will of the beautiful country. positive results. Mr President, as we prepare people” - this will of the people 25 Years on and the revolutionary Mr President to hold dear to our call continues…. to all patriots, for victory at the forthcoming liberty we need all of our people general elections we should black and white, young and who are eligible to vote to go all work tirelessly to continue Mr President to hold old, here and abroad to spare building a nation based on neither strength nor courage out in their numbers on the 8th freedom and justice. As a true dear to our liberty we and join all those people who of May 2019 to vote and return freedom fighter, Mr President love their country in building a to power the party of Freedom you have been hard work need all of our people South Africa that truly belongs – the African National Congress. interacting with South Africans who are eligible to to all. The patriotic fight to preserve We have a collective duty, Mr from different walks and assuring our Freedom Continues Mr all of them that Growing country vote to go out in their President, never to take our and sustaining our common freedoms for granted. Police President… and Good Luck at freedoms is all possible when numbers on the 8th brutality, detention without the Polls as you carry the hopes we all work together. of May 2019 to vote trial, banishments and an unfair and aspirations of millions of Mr President you have spoken justice system are now things of South Africans. fondly and passionately about and return to power the past. renewal as well as how any form We are now a free nation, Yours in the struggle of illicit conduct undermines the party of Freedom united in our diversity, and a Pule Mabe hope and derails freedom. – the African National nation that guarantees universal At the dawn of our freedom human rights to all its citizens. National Spokesperson and we all shouted under the Congress. We can now say we live in a Head Department of Information banner of your organization country that truly belongs to all and Publicity 6 ANC Today

DOMESTIC

“He loved Education, Analytical and Critical thinking” Comrade Dali Tambo Speaks at the OR Tambo School of Leadership

n expressing his sincere ranging from 500 to 700 a day. gratitude on behalf of the Our plan over the coming whole Tambo family for years is to make this Pantheon the honour bestowed on of Immortals 400 strong if we former ANC President get government commitment OR Tambo, in naming and financial support. However, the School of Leadership after at 100 statues, we are already him,I Comrade Dali Tambo made the world’s biggest display of the following observations : representational life size bronze Oliver Tambo would rejoice statues and statues of black human that your vision of a centre of rights activists and revolutionary excellence for political Education on earth. has come to fruition. He loved From the Khoisan resisters of education, analytical and critical the 1600’s such as Domain, the thinking. Sturman Brothers to Hintsa, Shaka “He loved and always encouraged and Maqoma through the centuries debate, the contest of ideas, and decades of the 20th century, it is not just the story of the people of South Africa – it is also the his From the Khoisan and her story of the ANC, Africa’s oldest and perhaps greatest resisters of the historical liberation movement . Langalibalele Dube and other 1600’s such as founders of the ANC are there. Here you will meet Steve Bantu Domain, the Biko, Robert Sobukwe, Chief Albert Sturman Brothers Luthuli, Lillian Ngoyi, Joe Slovo and many of South Africa’s best, to Hintsa, Shaka brightest and bravest “ Walking to freedom” with Fidel Castro, and Maqoma Samora Machel, Julius Nyerere, Dr Martin Luther King, Olaf Palme through the and Father Trevor Huddleston. centuries and It really is a wonder to behold and represent a continuous calibre decades of the of committed selfless leadership across many generations. It is 20th century, it is emotive, audacious and wildly popular with visitors black and not just the story white. of the people of I would like to extend a special invitation to you, Mr President, to South Africa visit the Long March to Freedom exhibition before the elections, so that the Ancestors, all 100 of them whose values you cherish the art of logical deduction and and fight for, to bless you, our reasoned persuasion. He was leadership and Movement in the throughout most of his adult life a upcoming elections. Teacher – whether teaching Maths free and democratic government and particularly your students to Please grace them with your & Science at St Peters or through always emphasised democracy regularly visit the Long March to presence, come and feel their his time as a lawyer with Madiba, and ethics. His own life of ethics Freedom statues that are situated collective force, willing you on to or in the South African Revolution and Integrity is a powerful example at Maropeng. This is because we he was leading. He was a lover of for those teaching this course. are also a political school, with 100 complete the sacred mission of Philosophy and history. He would Please be assured of our full life size Bronze statues of South political and economic liberation. therefore applaud your lofty aims support and please reserve next African icons stretching over 350 Ninety percent of them never and objectives.” year a place for my son Oliver years of our history. We are not saw freedom, but through their It was wonderful to see that Tambo – I was going to send him only a must see Liberation and incredible sacrifices, they ensured one of the courses will be on ethics during his holidays to Luthuli House Heritage Tourism attraction for that one day we would. To all and integrity. In a documentary we to learn about the Movement – but domestics and Foreign Tourists. those involved, good luck with the are completing on Oliver Reginald now I will send him to you! We teach struggle history and OR Tambo School of Leadership – Tambo, Mavuso Msimang reminds I would like to extend a education. We currently enjoy you have our support, admiration us that OR, in speaking of a future permanent invitation to your staff visitation from Tourists and Schools and great expectations. 7 ANC Today

DOMESTIC

25 years of Democracy and the Financial Sector

By Sikhumbuzo Thomo

he following points are extracted from the Summit (Which Summit Sikhumbuzo?) declaration:

o Access to basic financial services:T To engage effectively in the economy, encourage savings and improve the quality of life, every South African resident should have access to affordable and convenient payments and savings facilities. Cde Thomo is a former National Both the public and private sector Coordinator of the Financial financial institutions must play a Sector Campaign Coalition role in achieving these aims.

o Universal access: The parties will jointly research the economics of basic financial services and on that basis establish mechanisms and timeframes for achieving universal access. establish a system to identify these o Development of sustainable projects. On that basis, they will institutions to serve poor engage around the establishment communities. While the large of realistic targets and monitoring formal financial institutions mechanisms. In addition, they will have an important role to play in develop training for fund managers providing services for the poor. and retirement-fund trustees to enable They must interact with and support them to adopt more informed and smaller institutions, especially appropriate investment strategies. co-operative banks and NGOs o Development finance that can provide micro-credit institutions (DFIs) and other to the poorest households. We state-owned financial institutions. Following the Summit, the parties need to harness the energies of a concrete support programme. should establish or strengthen a will make proposals around the the existing institutions in our o Micro lending In the absence code to end unfair discrimination. developmental impact of these communities, such as stokvels of realistic alternatives, many wage- Government should legislate uniform institutions and, if necessary, and burial societies, in order to earners have had to resort to micro- norms on disclosure of financial recommend improvements. A mobilise our people’s savings. The lenders when they need credit. In services by race, gender, location particular concern is to ensure smaller financial institutions serve too many instances, the result has and categories of amount. People that the PostBank should maintain to increase the diversity of the been an accumulation of excessive who face unfair discrimination sector and broaden ownership. debt at a high price. Following the should have an effective route and expand its services to poor o Second and third tier Summit, the parties will propose for adjudication. communities. deposit-taking financial institutions. appropriate regulation for micro- o HIV/AIDS. The parties are o Savings initiatives. The The parties agree on the need lenders to minimise the negative particularly concerned about the parties have agreed on activities to for new enabling legislation for effects of usurious practices. need to end unfair discrimination promote a savings culture, mobilise so-called second and third tier o Regulation of credit against people with HIV and our people around the need to deposit-taking financial institutions. bureaux. Credit bureaux should develop appropriate services for increase savings and improve the As a start, they have agreed key play a positive role by providing them. Following the Summit, they savings facilities available to all principles for legislation for financial creditors with necessary information will work together to achieve this our people. co-operatives. The legislation should on potential borrowers, which will end, and especially to ensure that o A great deal of work. The ensure that these institutions reduce information asymmetries in the people with HIV have improved parties recognise that the proposed operate according to co-operative market. The parties have proposed access to housing finance and measures require a great deal of principles and enjoy adequate elements of a regulatory framework other services work following the Summit. We prudential oversight. Following to ensure that they supply only o Capital markets and have agreed to meet at least once the Summit, the parties will also reliable information that is relevant investment. The parties agree a month to review progress and make proposals on ways to enhance to a person’s creditworthiness; that on the need to increase overall strengthen our proposals. To ensure the developmental impact of the they are more open to consumer investment and in particular projects our success in this process, the regulatory framework. complaints; and that there is no that strengthen infrastructure, NEDLAC constituencies commit to o Financial co-operatives scope for unfair discrimination in create jobs, meet basic needs, providing the necessary capacity, The parties also agree that all the their operations. stimulate economic activity in the time, energy and enthusiasm. constituencies should seek to o Discrimination. The parties poorest regions and communities Lastly the Black Industrialist support financial co-operatives have agreed that, within the context of South Africa and/or support Programme which directly aims and micro-credit providers. After of the Equality Act of 2000, every development throughout southern at moving our people up the the Summit, they will engage on subsector within the financial sector Africa. They agree on the need to manufacturing value chains. 8 ANC Today

DOMESTIC We Must Espouse Tambo’s Principles

By Mzwandile Masina

The 24th of April marked the 26th anniversary of the death of one of the greatest revolutionaries that ever lived – the gigantic Oliver Reginald Tambo who in 1993, succumbed to illness. The death of Tambo was without doubt one of the most devastating events of that tumultuous year – a year in which we also lost Chris Hani to a brutal assassination in the hands of anti-Communist migrant, Janusz Walus. The death of Tambo, which came Cde Masina is the Chairperson of at the height of negotiations for a the ANC in Ekhurhuleni Region, new South Africa, was especially Gauteng Province devastating because he would not have the chance to live in a democratic South Africa for which he had fought his entire life to realise. But despite this, when history has its say, it will speak of Tambo as a man who loved ANC that is as invested in the this country and its people with every fibre of his being – a man development of young leaders – men and women who have a who whose commitment to our and the mass democratic movement Memorandum, a scathing critique liberation was unwavering. in general, are values that are of the ANC leadership that included historical and moral obligation to Twenty-six years later, we reflective of Tambo. Tambo, some within the ranks of inherit and strengthen this gallant must reflect on the values that Tambo was a man who was the organisation believed that organisation of the people. In Tambo espoused. We must do this committed to the ideational expelling Hani would be a fitting reflecting honestly on this, we because we are an organisation space. He placed a lot of value punishment for his boldness. The Hani must, like Tambo, enable space that has been tasked with what is in education, in the consumption Memorandum effectively accused undoubtedly the most important and production of knowledge. But Tambo of being undemocratic, but for self-critique, so that whatever task – to bestow on South Africa Tambo did not believe in knowledge rather than seek retribution, Tambo mistakes we might have committed, the greatest gift, a more human for knowledge’s sake. He believed stepped down as only a principled we are able to rectify. face in times of great difficulty. in knowledge as a weapon for leader would do and called for a Self-criticism is rooted in humility. In exactly twelve days, our country the emancipation of people, and congress. He had, after all, become Tambo was a humble leader who will be heading to the polls where education as a vehicle through a de facto president following the once again the people of South which the struggle for liberation death of Chief Albert Luthuli in understood that revolution ke batho. Africa will decide for themselves would be won. 1967. It was the delegates at the The people are the revolution. a government they deserve. In In equal measure, or perhaps Morogoro Consultative Conference Therefore, ours must always be marking that cross, they will be more so, Tambo believed in young that recalled his resignation, electing an ANC that does not walk too far communicating to the world who people. He was a leader who was him unopposed as a leader of the ahead of the people, for it is they they believe is best positioned to deeply committed to the development ANC. be the vehicle that will drive their of the young people not only in the Upon his election, Tambo who give us the mandate and they aspirations. I have no doubt in my ANC, but in the broader society. reflected on the criticism that to whom we must at account. As mind that once again, the African Tambo once said that the children had been levelled at him by the we inch closer towards the general National Congress will be bestowed of any nation are its future, that young Hani and other signatories elections scheduled for the 8th of this honour, for we have continued a country that does not value its of the Memorandum and became a May, we must continuously hold to demonstrate that we are an youth and children does not have reconciling figure in the organisation. organisation that cares about our a future nor does it deserve one. This is a demonstration not only a mirror up to ourselves and ask people – an organisation that is The profundity of Tambo’s of Tambo’s commitment to the whether we are an organisation deeply committed to the pursuit sentiments cannot be principle of servant leadership, worthy of Tambo’s sacrifice. If we of a better life for all. overemphasised. Tambo’s but appreciation of young people. are, it must be demonstrated in But beyond elections, we commitment to the development The ANC of Tambo was not an our commitment to his principles. must engage in introspection as of young people is something that organisation that ate its young – that an organisation and reflect on the ANC today must reflect very is why despite the uncompromising We must espouse them in words whether we are still moving in the deeply on, because unless it does criticism that Hani and other young and in deeds. Above all, we must right direction towards the ideal so meaningfully, it will fall victim people levelled at the leadership, inspire our people to re-imagine of a national democratic society to many a revolution which, like it was able to engage them with a South Africa that is built on the that leaders like Tambo committed a pig, eats its young. the understanding that they had an foundation of non-racism, non- their lives to. Necessarily, we must Tambo was never impatient with important place in the movement. sexism and democracy – a South ask ourselves whether the values young people. In 1969 when the As we reflect on his death today, that we espouse as members and then 27-year-old Chris Hani led twenty-six years later, we must Africa that Tambo would be proud leaders of this giant organisation the authoring of the explosive Hani ask ourselves whether ours is an to call home. 9 ANC Today

DOMESTIC Foundational Phase of Education

By SNatasha LS Mpetukana

he ANC manifesto speaks to skill revolution, stating that by opening up the door of learning to all, by focusing on quality and innovation, government will equip young SouthT Africans for the world of tomorrow It will, among others: • Extend the core responsibilities of the department of basic education to include the provision and monitoring of Early Child Development (ECD). • Provide a comprehensive package of ECD services (birth registration, social assistance, parenting support and quality learning). be equipped with simple tips and • Standardize guidelines, norms tricks on how to stimulate their and standards for ECD and set children. An example is, make sure the employment targets in the that the baby lies on her stomach sector over the next five years. at least three times a day. This • Work to achieve universal access assists with development of the to two years of ECD, which would core muscles as well as the eye be two years of compulsory quality exercise which all lay foundation pre-school enrolment for four to for sitting in class as well as five year olds before grade one. reading. Recognition of things • Promote innovation on different around them, adults naming things models for delivering home and properly, talking to the children community-based ECD. like human beings that they are Every stage of development and giving them choices, however requires a time of preparation. limited, depending on the stage Studies have shown that the early of development. stages of life are so significant There are colours and shapes all in terms of brain developments around us, providing experiences because a large percentage of departments have a budget for for the children which will enrich the brain is developed during this Early Child Development which learner. All it takes is people in the their vocabulary like going to the time. During the antenatal visits, speaks to their contribution in life of the child taking an interest park, visiting friends, going to the parents need not only to go for the sector. in life itself as well as the life of library, playing games at home, check up to see if the baby is There should be effective toy the child. even games we use to play, which still doing well, but there needs libraries which offer child stimulation Some daycare centres tend to to be a component of educating workshops as part of their programs. cost next to nothing. Reading complicate the process of school parents on child stimulation Libraries should have qualified books to babies telling stories, readiness by not stimulating during pregnancy as well as ECD practitioners or librarians rhymes, iintsomi/ditshomo (old to undergo training of ECD to be children but rather teaching the African folk tales). In all these I have children in a way that will not mentioned which are just a few, There are colours and shapes able to assist children and parents in the children’s section. School help the child to learn by and for you can see social development, all around us, providing readiness is a long process which themselves when it comes to formal cognitive development, physical experiences for the children takes all stakeholders to make learning. An example is teaching development, spatial relations, which will enrich their a success of because it indeed bonds (5+2=7) at pre-school in a language development and all takes a village to raise a child. structured way to children who building blocks for a firm and vocabulary like going to the South Africa has a shortage have not even grasped what vibrant foundation. park, visiting friends, going of people qualified in the fields five means and or how to write Whatever happens in the early to the library, playing games requiring Mathematics and Science it without looking somewhere to stages of life either creates a copy. However, the results start at home, even games we use and the answer in my opinion problem or does well for the country. mostly lies in the early stages to show in the foundation phase The outcomes of early education to play, which cost next to of a person’s life, the way one is of formal education when children does affect our economy in the nothing. nurtured and stimulated. When now start to be tested on their long run. The more education, we speak about quality in early knowledge. stimulation and good nutrition, after the baby is born. This also learning, we understand that it The foundation for Mathematics, the less sicknesses and fewer adds to the component of parent does not take rocket science to Sciences, Life orientation and the inmates at penitentiary facilities support. In Chile (South America) assist a child to gain foundational likes is less complicated than many and all that money used in those there a great system where all knowledge to become a life-long make it out to be. Parents must areas can be redirected elsewhere. 10 ANC Today

OPINION Economic Emancipation: The achilles heel of the post-apartheid generation

By Nokwanda S Mahori

“Each generation must discover its mission, fulfill it or betray it, in relative obscurity.” Frantz Fanon the platform wherein we are able to productivity. catalyse economic emancipation. As in any revolution, countries (Psychiatrist and But are we adequately prepared that do not optimally participate are revolutionary who and equipped to be organised and prone to stagnant or diminishing advocated for the consolidated in our approach as a returns to productivity and this will independence of generation with the historical mission impact adversely on the overall of the economic emancipation of capacity of the country to compete Algeria and dedicated our people? internationally. Furthermore we his life to highlight the In 1994 in the wake of the must ensure that we capitalise on aftermath of centuries of colonial injustices of colonial foreign direct investment so that dominance and imperialism, dominance). we initially had no accurate investors not only bring capital into approximation of the magnitude of the country, but also impart spillovers the damage caused by the apartheid that result in improvements to S Mahori is a staffer at Luthuli regime. The consequences of technology, productivity, managerial House colonialism are stubbornly persistent competencies, international networks, ur primary role in our economy, health systems, branding and goodwill. We must as the generation education, transportation networks, the potential of the economy. participate in the global economy following the private and public sectors. The To propel the country forward and take advantage of global value liberation fighters is legacy of colonialism and apartheid we must expropriate land as an chains which present opportunities not being optimally has led to poverty, inequality and asset for economic development for unprecedented growth for realised. Ideally we unemployment still being racially and penetrate the agricultural value businesses and simultaneously should employ our political freedom characterised. chains to compete internationally. the transformation and growth as Oa means to end the economic Our lack of economic We must optimally participate in of our economy. subjugation of our people. transformation in the management, the fourth industrial revolution. We need to be cognisant of Political freedom has been control and ownership of the This revolution offers innumerable the mission at hand to transform realised but sadly the majority of economy is undermining our political opportunities for developing, our economy. Our generations’ our people are not economically sovereignty. The political sovereignty emancipated. Subsequent to 1994 in any government resides from transition and emerging economies progress in propelling economic the ANC government has made the economic emancipation of its with the potential to benefit from emancipation is far from realised substantial inroads towards a people. “second comer advantage” and and accomplished. better life for all, but these are We need to derive the formulae we can leapfrog as we have not We need to work together and not necessarily tantamount to to culminate the climate for growth incurred sunk costs in assets and consolidate our approach and vision transformation. and plant seeds that will bear fruits can simply implement the most to economically emancipate our Political freedom should create in the immediate future, and unlock advanced innovations to boost people. 11 ANC Today

OPINION Assange a modern Christ, crucified to assuage a hostile empire

By Donovan Williams

Williams: An ANC staffer.

ood Friday is the occasion when of certainty and consistency in law. and turn a blind eye while the rich and powerful Christians commemorate the This Easter we witness a modern crucifixion crucify Julian Assange. No-one says Assange crucifixion of Jesus Christ. There is a saviour but his treatment smacks of lynch- and the world is asked to pull a Pontius Pilate have been many lynchings, mob mentality. extrajudicial assassinations, Assange is the face of WikiLeaks, which etcetera, of freedom fighters. has published documents, footage, e-mails, Jesus’s crucifixion was different because He etcetera, fingering the US and its allies in wasG executed within the law. The task of the killing, torturing, intimidating, lying and bribing On Good Friday there is always the retelling people in the Middle East. It exposed the US’s of the story of the crucifixion. Pontius Pilate, ANC has been spying on and undermining of even its friends. the Roman governor of Judea, cross-examines It exposed a high level of hypocrisy, revealing Jesus in an effort to find him guilty of something. politicians having said things opposite to what When he cannot, he famously washes his hands for the people to they have said in public. WikiLeaks has been of the matter, allowing the rich and powerful a treasure trove of information, exposing the of Judean society to manipulate the law and govern. However, sick underbelly of the Western empire, as led crucify Jesus under Roman authority. by the US. Apartheid was deemed a crime against WikiLeaks (as reported in US publication humanity because it was implemented within for the people to Truthdig) released footage of US troops in 2007 the facade of the rule of law. The law allowed in Iraq killing civilians, including children and Solomon Mahlangu and others to be executed, govern, they must two Reuters journalists. It published 90,000 as well as permitting Nelson Mandela and e-mails that exposed the deceit of Hilary Clinton. other activists to be imprisoned. It revealed the donations of millions of Many of us half-expected this behaviour defeat a power dollars by Saudi Arabia and Qatar to the from a fascist state like apartheid SA, but Clinton Foundation. Goldman Sachs gave not in a democracy. We do not expect it in that has never Hillary Clinton $657,000 (about R9.5m) dressed countries like Sweden, Britain and the US. These up as speaker’s fees. In the e-mails, Clinton countries often pontificate on world stages been defeated. told financial bosses she believed Wall Street on the importance of democracy, just and fair would be better at managing the economy, processes, a free press, and the importance contrary to what she said on her campaign trail. 12 ANC Today

OPINION Assange a modern Christ, crucified to assuage a hostile empire

WikiLeaks also exposed her as the main sponsor of the war in Libya, just so she could embellish her presidential candidacy. WikiLeaks’ network was so sophisticated that the US and its allies have not been able to shut it down. They tried the next best, shutting down Assange. We can discern from the timeline (see box) that the justice and executive systems of these countries were

TIMELINE OF EVENTS ● August 20 2010: allegations of rape and molestation against Assange in Sweden. ● August 21 2010: allegations withdrawn. One of Stockholm’s chief prosecutors, Eva Finne, says: “I don’t think there is reason to suspect that he has committed rape.” ● September 1 2010: Swedish director of prosecution Marianne Ny says she is reopening the rape investigation. ● November 18 2010: the Stockholm court approves a request to question Assange, by this time in London. He is willing to be questioned at the Swedish embassy in London, fearing rendition to the US. ● November 20 2010: Swedish police issue an international arrest warrant for Assange. ● December 8 2010: Assange hands himself over to British police. ● December 16 2010: Assange is granted bail by the British high court. ● February 24 2011: Court rules that Assange should be extradited to Sweden, which is appealed. ● May 30 2012: the supreme court rules that he should be extradited to Sweden. technically abused to keep Assange it surreptitiously passed the power ● June 19 2012: Assange enters the Ecuadorean embassy hostage. Some of the coincidences to another set of elites. The Romans in London. are uncanny. Sweden dropped the ● August 20 2012: UK will not grant Assange permission passed it to the British, French and accusation of rape in May 2017 when to travel to Ecuador and is legally obliged to extradite Spanish, who in turn passed it to Lenin Moreno took office as president him to Sweden. ● August 13 2015: Swedish prosecutors the Americans. of Ecuador, succeeding Rafael Correa, a drop charges of sexual molestation and unlawful coercion supporter of Assange. Moreno claimed We are not powerful enough to because of time lapsed, but he still faces charges of rape not to support Assange. overcome this Western behemoth. that expire in 2020. Another coincidence was when the Taking on the empire risks being ● February 5 2016: the UN’s working group on arbitrary British police entered the Ecuadorian isolated and punished. We have to detention rules that Assange should be freed. embassy last week, a month after the ● November 14 2016: Sweden’s chief prosecutor questions box clever and choose battles wisely International Monetary Fund approved Assange at the Ecuadorean embassy in London. and retain a measure of independence. a loan of $4.2bn to Ecuador. ● December 2017: Assange is given Ecuadorean citizenship. We have to be Jon Snow in Game of WikiLeaks is not based in the US, ● May 19 2017: Sweden announces that the rape UK or Sweden. Chelsea Manning, the Thrones, not to reveal all and bide investigation of Assange is dropped, contradicting its US soldier who leaked information to our time until we have weapons they earlier statement that it can be dropped only in 2020. Wikileaks, has refused to implicate cannot defeat. Now is not that time. ● July 27 2018: President Moreno of Ecuador says he Assange. None of the editors of We are Jon Snow at The Wall, has never supported of Assange’s “activities”. The UK newspapers that published the WikiLeaks and Ecuador confirm they are holding talks on Assange. without a powerful benefactor, hardly information is being charged. ● October 2018 Assange is given a set of house rules any skills, no special powers, and we So where are the media doyens? by the Ecuadorean embassy, amid statements that he is can only appeal to the good nature Where are the truth crusaders? The a messy guest and does not take care of his cat. world is in trouble because the so- of those with power. But as in Game ● December 6 2018: Assange rejects an agreement called good people work on behalf of Thrones, this time shall pass, and between the UK and Ecuador on him leaving the Ecuadorean of the powerful, so that change must when it passes, we must be ready embassy. mean as little change as possible, or for action. ● April 11 2019: the British police enter the Ecuadorean preferably none at all. embassy and arrest Assange for “failing to surrender to The task of the ANC has been for the court” over a warrant issued in 2012. Views contained in this article are the people to govern. However, for the ● The US has requested the extradition of Assange personal views of the author and do people to govern, they must defeat a not represent official positions or to face charges of conspiring to steal state documents. power that has never been defeated. policy of the ANC. Every time an empire faced defeat,

This article was carried on Sunday Times 13 ANC Today

MOVIE REVIEW An act of Defiance is an act of Love

An Act of Defiance is being released at select cinemas on Friday, 26 April 2019 (on the eve of Freedom Day). It is a joint Dutch-South African production focusing on Bram Fischer, whilst documenting the Rivonia Trial of Mandela, Sisulu, Kathrada, Mbeki and others. The film has had a very successful festival run across the world, and even picked up awards, such as the Best Film award at the UK Jewish Film Festival, and voted Best Film at the Movies That Matter Film Festival by festival-goers at The Hague in the Netherlands. It is based on the book by Joel Joffe, one of the Rivonia Trial defence lawyers, entitled The State Vs. Nelson Mandela.

By Donovan Williams

ichael Auret saunters into the patio or But as a country, verandah-type room. He seems a lot more relaxed we need to look than when I met him last year at theM screening of An Act of Defiance at providing at Rapid Lion Film Festival. He is wearing a short sleeve charcoal alternative screens grey shirt with jeans, a lot different to the bowtie, and blazer he for the audiences wore at the festival. Auret is the producer of An Act of Defiance, a true labour of love. that do not I am the nervous one today. I greet and ask if he remembers me necessarily attend from last year, and hide my relief that he actually does. Somewhat the orthodox movie sheepishly (or is it worryingly), I inform him that I am representing ANC Today, an online publication houses. of the ANC, and hope he won’t have any problems speaking to us, who were fairly successful white since the country is in the midst farmers in the then Rhodesia of an election campaign, and he (today called Zimbabwe), and may not want to be associated decided that they could not live with a political party. My relief in a racist country under a racist is palpably visible now, when system, and consciously turned he brushes my concern off, and their back on their own Afrikaner actually says that he is happy I community. He was fascinated got a hold of him, because he by these acts of selflessness. wants ANC leadership to attend So therefore, although the movie is the rock, trying to crush the expect that Ster Kinekor and Nu the premiere of An Act of Defiance. was about the establishment of Auret explains that after reading water. The bravery and courage Metro cinemas will change their Umkhonto we Sizwe (the armed Joel Joffe’s book, he observed of the Rivonia accused is equally business model to accommodate wing of the ANC & SACP), it was that there have been a few books matched by Fischer, who is the An Act of Defiance. But as a and movies on Nelson Mandela, also a story of personal sacrifice main Defence Counsel, and could country, we need to look at Winnie Mandela, and in general and total commitment to a higher actually also be a part of the providing alternative screens for the about the Rivonia Trial, but nothing ideal. accused. audiences that do not necessarily A key relationship in the movie that focused on Bram Fischer. Interestingly, out of respect for attend the orthodox movie houses. is the one between Madiba and the South African audience, Auret Moreover, though, it is the theme Our schools, community centres Fischer. The relationship is took the novel step of dubbing of ‘selflessness’ in Joffe’s book and even libraries can be venues depicted as one of equals. It makes over the Dutch voice of Peter Paul that strikes a chord with Auret, where these screenings can take the selflessness of the Rivonia compelling viewing. There is the Muller with South African actor, place. As the Francis Bacon accused and the legal team. It metaphor of rock and water, and Andre Odendaal. Therefore, the proverb states, “If the mountain is also the selflessness of the which is stronger. Even though South African release has the will not come to Muhammad, generation of anti-apartheid on the face of it, rock should be South African accent of Odendaal activists who deliberately and stronger, but over time, water will and not Muller. then Muhammad must go to the consciously turned their back ultimately overcome rock. It could As stated, An Act of Defiance will mountain”. on their own welfare to put the be misinterpreted that Madiba be released at selected cinemas An Act of Defiance is a beautiful liberation of the country first. and Fischer is one or the other, and therefore it may not have as movie re-told in an imaginative Auret explains how he began to however, they are actually both many screenings as the usual and inspirational manner. I hope wonder what drove his parents, water and the apartheid regime Hollywood movies. We cannot everyone will get a chance to see it. 14 ANC Today

TRIBUTE An Abridged Ode to a Departed friend Noluthando Ncwana, aka Agnes Marfu

Goodbye Agnes…… By James Ngculu

he news of your death and giggling way into night. I came to me like a remember those evenings with huge bolt hitting my fondness. She taught me values. temples. You were Agnes was a big sister to me and cruelly shot by thugs so caring...My heart is sore” with no purpose of life. True to your bravery, when theT thug shot at you, like a warrior fighter of MK, you charged and grabbed him. If it was not for the Taruni mxi second one, you would surely have outmanoeuvred these thugs. But wama. Nonke what is to be celebrated about you comrade Agnes, you fought jikelele. Uhambile to your last breath! As Comrade George Njamela was conveying the news of your uAgnes. Lihambile passing at 02:20 in the morning of Sunday the 14th of April. Thus, igorakazi. Agnes, Gushgirl, and Noluthando to your family, you left this world Into ibingoyiki of the living. You left us so soon Agnes. You ngokoyikiswa. are not the one who deserves to die, not at all. You were so special and caring. Your warm Into efunge kwada hand was felt at every corner of MK. You were truly the Florence kwabelokugqibela. Nightingale in our ranks. From Mozambique to Lusaka and to South Africa, you never ceased to care for comrades. Comrade Palllo (Jordan) had You were there at the greatest expressed his shock on hearing time of need. of the sad news: “Which hospital Allow me to cite just a few is Agnes? I remember her from comments and expressions on our days in Luanda. Good Lord! the death of Agnes. They come How terrible! Sad, she was such from our ranks and people who an irrepressible personality. How have in one way been touched by is her son?” join the ranks of MK. will forget bro Willie Mrabalala the kindness of Agnes. Comrade Stanley Manong has You know the meaning of tears and his readiness to assist all Brain Hoga (Scratch): It’s sad. this to say - “I have spoken to comrade Agnes. We have seen the time. Agnes initiated contact with my her a few days about school fees many of our dearest comrades You now depart being a very people when she was based in of my son. She had promised to leaving this world. It is a pain happy person. Happy that once Maputo. She helped my mum attend to this next week. What some will never understand. The again there are signs that the visit Lusaka to see me and do I do now?” bondage we had could sometimes movement is regaining its glory. accommodated us. I don’t think Genera Nqose said the following: not be seen nor understood. You You knew that the season of I can thank her enough. And now “What happened to Agnes is bad. will know how we used to say we madness and despair is behind she is dead, killed by the same She was helping us veterans a lot.” need to emulate senior comrades us. You were very happy to know people she fought for.” You will remember our excitement and elder brothers from Cape that now a season of hope and Comrade Vusi Pikoli: “So terrible! in not only seeing but shaking Town who cared for us - Comrade celebration was upon us. I met Agnes for the first time in hands and queueing for food with Wana guided us a lot in Angola. Goduka ntomb’ntle yakwa Ncwane. Zimbabwe in 1986. She was always our leaders. You will recall our Our private meetings with him Uyakuba yinzwakazi ngakumbi concerned about the plight of our amazement in seeing OR Tambo, can never be forgotten. The kwelo liphezulu. Bayokuculela comrades. I salute her!” Duma Nokwe, Cassius Make and love of comrade Speelman and ingoma ezimyoli batsho bathi hayi Comrade Nosizwe had this to of course Mzwai Piliso all queueing readiness to give you a paper was inyweba abanayo abangcwele say: “I am heartbroken. Agnes was for food with us. Each of these just amazing. The soft heart of baphezulu. such a darling to me in Luanda leaders washing their own plates. bhut’Zola was just humbling. The Taruni mxi wama. Nonke jikelele. and Lusaka. In Lusaka she used This left an indelible impression in fatherliness of comrade Dalaboy Uhambile uAgnes. Lihambile igorakazi. to live in down Lilanda in a small our minds and convinced us that was our comforting shoulder. The Into ibingoyiki ngokoyikiswa. Into house with her toddler son Thabiso. our decision was a correct one. bravery and cheekiness of Mbinjana efunge kwada kwabelokugqibela. We used to spend hours chatting It was just indeed an honour to would leave us in stitches. Who Ngoku sisele singakana. 15 ANC Today

TRIBUTE Timelines in the life of Comrade Kay Moonsamy

By Haroon Aziz the Group Areas Act. In 1959 he helped organise the boycott of consumer goods, beer halls, and potatoes. n 1941 Kay, aged 15 years, After the banning of the ANC had to drop out of school and PAC the ANC was faced with with a standard four pass the dilemma of keeping its name due to poverty. He began in public consciousness. At an work as a child-laborer, underground crisis meeting in earning fifteen shillings a Durban comrades deliberated week at a timber factory. on this dilemma and after some IIn 1941-46 he served as the silence Kay, in his moment of Vice-President and later as the brilliance, suddenly blurted, why President of the Natal Box Workers not Congress Alliance. It was Union. Congress Alliance to be! In 1943 he joined the Natal During the state of emergency of Indian Congress (NIC) and its March-September 1960 he wore a Anti-Segregation Council. He disguise and continued to work in participated in mass mobilization the ANC/CP underground without that saw NIC membership increase being detected. In this period his to 34000 in two years. wife and two children, Tammy and In 1944 M P Naicker interviewed him and recruited him into the Communist Party (CP) and he embraced the principles of non- Ragini, participated in a defiant Representative in New Delhi in racism, equality, and scientific Ideologically, street march demanding the India. socialism. he was release of all political detainees. In 1982 he served as the In May 1946, with youthful On May 29-31, 1961 he participated Chairperson of the Lusaka Regional enthusiasm, he resigned from work characterised in the National Protest Day Strike, Committee of the CP. to answer the call to participate which he had helped organise. In 1983-87 he served as the in the historic Passive Resistance by his deep In 1962 he helped organise the National Treasurer of SACTU. On Campaign (PRC). underground Mandela Report-back June 16, 1985 he attended the In 1948-56 he worked for a dairy internalisation meeting in Reservoir Hills after historic ANC Kabwe Conference, and served as the Chairman of Mandela’s return from his historic which opened up membership the Natal Dairy Workers Union. of the three political visit to North Africa. to members of all races. In the In January 1949 he was elected laws of Marxist On September 10, 1964 he was same year he attended the Lenin as a member of the Communist arrested without trial under the International School of Marxism Party Durban Committee. mechanics 90-day law and later charged with in Moscow, where he also did In 1950 he began working in the six others (including M P Naicker a short course on military and CP underground and served on the and his and Steven Dlamini) under the underground work. CP and Young Communist League Suppression of Communism Act. In 1989 he served as the President Durban District Committees. In understanding The indictment against the others of SACTU. the same year he was elected as except Kay was quashed. He was On June 29, 1991, after a 26-year the Vice-President of the Natal of the historical out on bail and due to appear in exile he returned to a warm home. Indian Youth Congress. court on July 5, 1965 but the CP In 1999 he was redeployed as a In 1954 he helped to collect need to alter the instructed him to go into exile in member of the National Assembly. demands for the Freedom Charter. relationships of Bechuanaland, which he did on Ideologically, he was characterised A year later he married Kendari June 29, 1965. by his deep internalisation of the ‘Kanaga’ Caliatham. the ownership In 1968 he was redeployed to the three laws of Marxist mechanics and On June 26, 1952 he participated ANC Lusaka office and helped to his understanding of the historical in the Defiance of Unjust Laws of the means prepare for the historic Morogoro need to alter the relationships Campaign. Conference (1969), which he had of the ownership of the means On March 5-6, 1955 he participated of production attended. He remained in Tanzania of production and distribution in in the launch of the South African to assist J B Marks, the new ANC favour of the Black proletariat. Congress of Trade Unions (SACTU), and distribution Treasurer-General. A true organic intellectual! An the forerunner to COSATU. in favour of In 1972 he was redeployed to authentic proletarian! On January 10, 1958 the charges the ANC headquarters in Lusaka. Behaviourally, he was characterised of High Treason against him and the Black In 1978 he helped set up the by organisational discipline in sixty-four others were withdrawn. Soloman Mahlangu Freedom promoting principles, policies, In April 1958 he helped organise proletariat. College and its Chief A J Luthuli and unity. He served, free of the Protest Day Strike against the Library Later in the year he was career motives. He sacrificed, White parliamentary elections and redeployed as the ANC Chief altruistically. 16 ANC Today

THIS WEEK IN HISTORY 27 April – 3 May

27 April 1950. of working people throughout the 28 April 1978. 30 April 1930. world. Although May Day has been celebrated unofficially in South Africa since the 1980s, it was only officially celebrated in 1994.

2 May 1885.

The Apartheid parliament passes the Group Areas Act, followed by The Azanian Peoples Organi- forced removals of millions of black sation (AZAPO) formed after a communities (African, Coloured, range of black consciousness Indian) from across the country. It organisations were banned in embedded the spatial geography October 1977. based on race and class that still plague the country today. 28 April 1990. Pixley isaka Seme is elected as ANC President, taking over from 27 April 1994. Josiah Gumede at the ANC 1930 Annual Conference.

30 April 1957. King Leopold of Belgium estab- lishes the Freestate of Congo (later Zaire and now DRC), introducing slave labour of most Congolese to meet quotas of rubber and ivory; when they failed to do so The first non-racial and demo- they were tortured and killed by cratic elections in South Africa the Belgium guards. Estimates of took place, with millions of South the number of people that were African joining long lines to make Father Michael Lapsey, anti killed during the rule of Leopold their vote. The day is celebrated apartheid priest from the Anglican range from 5 million to 22 million. each year as Freedom Day. church, in exile in Zimbabwe at the time, is injured with a letter 3 May 1991. 27 April 2002. bomb by the apartheid regime.

29 April 1980. Egypt re-opens the Suez Canal again after Pres. Nasser national- ised it the previous year, and after a stand-off with Britain.

1 May 1989.

Hundreds of boycotting chil- dren from Coloured schools in UNESCO declares this day as Johannesburg arrested during a World Press Freedom day, used student-police confrontation. The every year to monitor freedom Mark Shuttleworth makes a call Prime Minister warns in Parliament of the press, imprisonment of to President Mbeki, from space. that such actions would meet with journalists and the state of the the full might of the state. Despite media across the globe. 28 April 1919. this, the school boycotts spread David Webster, anti-apartheid country-wide, in all black schools. academic and activists assas- 3 May 1972. sination outside his home in 29 April 1994. Johannesburg.

1 May 1994.

Student leader, Onkgopotse Abram The League of Nations, the Tiro is expelled from University forerunner of the United Nations, Counting in the first democratic of the North (Turfloop). Student is formed at the end of the First elections began, two days after International Workers’ Day com- protests follow his expulsion. World War. the elections. memorates the historic struggle

Sources: SA History Online and O’Malley Archives 17 ANC Today

CROSSWORD VERBATIM

Freedom Day 27 April 2019 1

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12 2019 ANC ELECIONS MANIFESTO 13 This is the moment of renewal. It is the 14 opportunity to restore 15 our democratic institutions and return our country to a path of transformation, growth and development. The country’s future is now in the hands of those Across Down 3. How often does South Africa have who believe in it the 1. Which party got the majority of the national and provincial elections most. The Voter. 6. Which party only joined the 1994 ballot votes (62.7%) in 1994? one day before the elections on 27th 2. Who was the Speaker of the first 9. 27 April Freedom Day has been democratic parliament in 1994 declared a 4. Name one of the two YL Presidents 10. In which town in South Africa did that were elected as MPs in 1994 Nelson Mandela cast his vote in 1994 5. Which centenarian was part of the 11. How many parties won seats in 1994 13.Women representation in the apartheid first Parliament elected in 1994 parliament before1994 was lessthan ... 7. How many parties contested elec- 14. What type of electoral system did we tions nationally in 1994? have in 1994 for national and provincial 8. Other YL Presidentelected in 1994, elections who was also deputy minister? 15. For the first time in 1994, all South 12. How many ballots in the general Africans, black and white voted on a ... elections

Word Bank Frene Ginwala proportional common voters roll Inanda public holiday three percent two Peter Mokaba African National Congress Albertina Sisulu seven nineteen Lulu Johnson IFP five years

Maximum contributions of 600 words, in accesible language, in any South African language, adequately properly referenced. We reserve the right to edit.

[email protected] 18 ANC Today in pictures