Toxic Site Identification Program in Mongolia Award: DCI-ENV/2015/371157

Prepared by: Erdenesaikhan Naidansuren

Prepared for: UNIDO

Date: October 2018

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Acknowledgements ...... 3 Organizational Background ...... 3 Toxic Site Identification Program (TSIP) ...... 3 Project Background ...... 5 Country Background ...... 5 Implimentation Strategy ...... 6 Coordinating with the Government ...... 6 Sharing TSIP Information ...... 7 Current Work ...... 8 TSIP Training in Mongolia ...... 9 Sites Surveyed in 2016-2017 ...... 12 Pollution Sources and Key Pollutants ...... 72 Lessons Learned ...... 79 Challenges ...... 79 Recommendations ...... 80

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This activities described in this report were supported by the European Commission and the United Nations Industrial Development Organization project "Mitigating Toxic Health Exposures in Low-and Middle-Income Countries: Global Alliance on Health and Pollution” (DCI-ENV/2015/371157) and also made possible by the generous support of the American People through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) under the award, “Reducing the Threat of Toxic Chemical Pollution to Human Health in Low- and Middle-Income Countries” (AID-OAA-A-16-00019).

ORGANIZATIONAL BACKGROUND

Pure Earth/ Blacksmith Institute (BI) is an international non-profit organization dedicated to solving pollution problems in low- and middle-income countries. Pure Earth has been implementing the Toxic Sites Identification Program (TSIP), which is an effort to identify and screen contaminated sites in low- and middle-income countries where public health is at risk. TSIP has been supported by The United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), European Commission, USAID, Asian Development Bank (ADB), World Bank and Green Cross Switzerland. The contaminated sites are identified by trained consultants/investigators drawn from universities in respective countries using the Initial Site Screening (ISS) protocol. The ISS helps to understand the risks posed by pollution, types of pollutants, size of the polluted site, population at risk, magnitude of health risk and possible remediation measures.

TOXIC SITE IDENTIFICATION PROGRAM (TSIP)

The Toxic sites identification program (TSIP) is designed to identify contaminated sites all over the world and to assess their potential impact on human health. To the date over 4600 sites in 99 countries have already been identified and downloaded into the database.

This is probably only a small part of all contaminated sites in the world. Therefore it is very important to continue studying toxic pollution and its impact on health. Specifically, trained investigators work for Pure Earth/Blacksmith Institute in low- and middle income countries using the Initial Site Screening (ISS protocol) to implement this task.

A special program developed by Pure Earth/ Blacksmith Institute called the ISS protocol helps stakeholders and governments to understand the risks associated with contamination,

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to identify types of contaminates, to estimate the size of contaminated area, to count the number of people at risk, and to develop a preliminary plan for rehabilitation and clean-up of sites.

The main result of this work is creating an exhaustive list of toxic sites that pose a risk to human health in each country.

The Toxic Sites Identification Program aims to assess sites that have:

• Toxic pollution from a “point-source” (a fixed location, not air pollution from cars and trucks), • In concentrations or levels that can cause adverse human health impact • Where there is a migration route and exposure pathway to humans • In low- and middle-income countries as designated by the World Bank Central to Pure Earth’s approach is the model of Pollution-Migration-Pathway-People as the basis for understanding and assessing risks at a particular site. This model is consistent with risk screening approaches used internationally (by U.S. EPA, WHO and others) but is simplified for the purpose of conducting rapid risk screenings.

Pure Earth is focused on people’s health. However, many health impacts from pollution are chronic and are difficult to attribute directly to one source. In the context of an Initial Site Screening (ISS) it is unusual to be able to demonstrate clearly the health consequences of a particular site. What can be done is to show that there is a credible risk attached to the site and that this risk deserves further investigation, as part of the design of an intervention. In simple terms, the health impact of a compound on an individual is a function of its toxicity and the dose received by people. The dose is a function of the concentration of the toxic compound, the time that people are exposed, and the pathway into the body. There are three basic pathways: inhalation – entry into the body through breathing; ingestion – entry through eating or drinking; and dermal – entry through skin contact and absorption.

The existence of a public health risk at a site depends on three components: 1) There must be a source of pollution with a severe enough toxicity and a high enough level or concentration to be hazardous; 2) There must be a migration route for the pollution get to an area used or occupied by people; and 3) There must be a pathway into the body whereby people have the contaminant in their bodies for a long enough time for a significant dose to occur. The ISS is the process by which these components are identified and assessed at a site.

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PROJECT BACKGROUND Country Background Environment and Security Center of Mongolia (ESCM) NGO has been contracted in 2013 and subsequently in 2017 by Pure Earth/Blacksmith Institute to identify toxic sites across the country. In 2013-2016, the main focus area of ESCM was the identification of polluted active and legacy small scale artisanal mining sites throughout Mongolia.

Artisanal miners (ASM) are the people who recover minerals with rudimentary tools for the livelihood. They are usually jobless and poor and thus mining is a subsistence activity and is often done clandestinely. One of the common products in such mining is gold, and artisanal miners usually utilize mercury to recover gold from ore through the amalgamation method. Mercury is diffused easily into the surrounding environment and is also improperly handled by miners and their families, compromising their health. In addition to extracting gold ore, artisanal miners also unwittingly extract other heavy metals from the ground. This makes ASM polluters of the surrounding communities and environment.

Since 1998, informal artisanal gold mining (commonly referred to as “ninja mining”) has been a part of Mongolia's mining industry. The artisanal mining gold rushes were triggered by three heavy snowfalls coupled with sharp drop of temperatures hitting herder communities between 1999 and 2002. In threse extreme weather events, 11 million animals were lost. Artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) had suddenly become the only alternative income and employment opportunity in rural areas for herders who had lost their livelihoods. Even as more people were lured into ASM gold prices rose in 2003.

ASM was initially treated as a temporary annoyance by the government authorities. They expected the activity would soon disappear. However, as ASM grew in size and impact, and developed outside the control of the government, it became an important economic sector and, simultaneously, a political issue. Legitimate environmental concerns and vested interests created a popular narrative in which ASM was considered an undesirable aspect of Mongolia’s mining scene, and in which artisanal miners were frequently being subjected to discrimination and human rights violations. Despite a notable shift in perceptions, such opinions – in combination with wishful thinking about the “temporary nature” of ASM – survive.

At present, artisanal miners produce not only gold and coal, but also fluorspar and a series of other mineral commodities. Official statistics suggest that there are 38,000 artisanal miners currently active across Mongolia, but officials stress the need for properly conducted surveys. According to unofficial estimates, the number is closer to 100,000 (1/3 women, 2/3 men), equivalent to about 20% of the rural workforce. In all, about 400,000 people depend indirectly on this activity. Estimates inherently vary on whether only permanent or permanent

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and seasonal artisanal miners are counted, or whether only persons dedicated to mineral extraction full time should be counted. People indirectly involved in these mineral sorting, transport, etc., are also included in these estimates.

IMPLIMENTATION STRATEGY

In Mongolia Pure Earth partnered with the Environmental and Security Center of Mongolia (ESCM). The Mission of ESCM is supporting the right of Mongolian citizens to live in safe and healthy living condtions, and to promote environmental sustainability through advocacy, research, training and public awareness campaigns.

The activities during the period 2016-2017 were co-financed with USAID. The main focus area of ESCM is identification of polluted active and legacy small-scale artisanal mining sites throughout Mongolia. The main pollutants identified were heavy metals such as mercury, lead, arsenic, chromium, cadmium, cobalt, zinc, copper. Coordinating with the Government

There are three levels of administrative units: National; Provincial and County levels. County is -smallest admin unit. ESCM works with these levels in different capacities.

At the National level ESCM works with two organizations: Ministry of Environment and Tourism (MET)- a main government body in charge of natural resource management and environmental and pollution policy implementation; and General Agency for Specialized Inspection (GASI)- main body for legal enforcement and compliance monitoring.

For MET, ESCM provides annual and semi-annual reports on ongoing TSIP activities to officers in charge of pollution and chemicals management of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources Management.

Reference: Dr. Batjargal, specialist in charge of chemicals management email: [email protected]; Mrs. Ouyn, specialist in charge of waste management, [email protected];

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At GASI, ESCM has worked closely with the head and inspectors of the Environment, Mining and Geology Department and periodically communicates with them to obtain pollution source info from provinces and share information on TSIP activities.

Reference: Ms. Ulziitstseg, senior inspector in charge of chemicals and its waste management, GASI. Email: [email protected];

At the Provincial level The main beneficiaries of TSIP investigations done by ESCM are the Provincial Environmental Departments and Provincial Inspection Divisions, which have been registering and using ESCM investigation results and data either as baselines, or as monitoring data support for decision making in their respective monitoring/pollution registration/reduction programs. To date, because of TSIP, 11 provincial departments have obtained heavy metal pollution information and recommendations for pollution reduction strategy/programs in their respective territories.

At county level

While planning site investigation, ESCM communicates with Provincial departments to reach a County’s government and related inspectors/officers to inform them about the proposed actions and inviting them to join into the investigation process. This type of work arrangements allows ESCM to know the local situation in short period of timing, to explain the purpose of TSIP, and involve local environmental and health specialists in the program, as well as interact effectively with local communities on the pollution hotspots.

At local level

ESCM also been producing reports in Mongolian for the purpose of providing most recent pollution data and for follow up actions by local respective government agencies and for awareness raising and monitoring by NGOs.

Sharing TSIP Information

Non-governmental organizations

In addition to working with governments at various levels, ESCM has been a part of the largest network of Environmental NGOs in Mongolia, the Mongolian Environmental Civil

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Council (www.mecc.mn), where the coordinator of ESCM, Erdenesaikhan Naidansuren serves as a Board member. Within the Council, TSIP results are being distributed/ disseminated to local branches of MECC for awareness raising and compliance monitoring by civil society organizations and local communities. TSIP results, pollution sources, and all ongoing ESCM activities are shared with all stakeholders, including governments, academia, NGOs, and citizens.

ESCM has established website www.eco-orchin.mn in 2015, which is the main source of TSIP information for all stakeholders. ESCM has made available all TSIP related information, including raw XRF data, laboratory analysis on soil and water for areas, and GPS coordinates, in Mongolian and English languages. There are options to download either reports or XRF data.

Current Work

In 2018, ESCM is embarking on a new project. It is working on the assessment of Chromium contaminated sites in Mongolia. To date, it has identified vertical distribution and concentrations of chromium (total) and movable fractions of chromium in soil of the sites. Based on the pollutant types, concentrations and vertical and horizontal distributions, it has identified a variety of options for soil remediation methods. In order to find suitable methodologies, ones that are at once efficient, affordable, and technically feasible, ESCM has invited research communities, institutions, governmental and civil society organizations to present findings on a chromium soil pollution study. This was done to discuss possible options for remediation, as well as inputs and comments on study results. The event was jointly organized together with Ulaanbaatar municipality environmental department and it took place on 26th October 2018 in the conference hall of the Ministry of Environment and Tourism of Mongolia. Forty people were present at the event, and discussed the study results, applied methods, and options for remediation methods. The outcome of this conference was that various methods would need to be tested simultaneously during the warm seasons of 2019 so the test results could be discussed and distributed to research communities and other organizations and entities that are responsible for pollution reduction and remediation.

The conference was broadcasted through national mass media for awareness raising on pollution and health issues.

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Coordinator of Mongolia is talking about assessments

Participants of the conference

TSIP TRAINING IN MONGOLIA

Pure Earth/Blacksmith Institue and ESCM organized a national training workshop for 33 participants representing government, academia and NGO leaders of Mongolia on October 13-14, 2016.

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The conference was held in the Urguu Conference Room of Ulaanbaatar Hotel. Key ministries were in attendance, Ministry of Environment and Tourism, Ministry of Health, the National Disaster Management Agency; Public Health Institute. There were also some prominent figures from academia attending, staff from the Public Health School of National Health University, the Institute of Geography and the Department of Geo-Ecology of Mongolian Academy of Sciences Disaster Research Institute of NEMA. Environmental and health inspectors of provincial governments, local NGO representatives and ESCM staff also were present. In addition, 8 people have been invited from provinces, where chemical pollution caused severe health problems. Pure Earth’s regional director for Eastern Europe and Central Asia, Dr. Petr Sharov Sharov, and Russia Program Associate Alena Temnikova led the workshop. Participants were taught how to organize pollution measurements, take samples using an XRF and take soil sample for the. During the workshop, TSIP Investigator handbooks were translated into Mongolian and were handed to each participant.

Practical part of the training in the heavily polluted Tannery industrial site in Ulaanbaatar

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Demostrating XRF for sand quality at children playground for training participants

SITES SURVEYED IN 2016-2017

In 2017, a total of 22 sites were assessed. Laboratory and XRF testing is was done at the sites.

MN-5402 – HAMO LLC, Bornuur County, Tuv Province

HAMO LLC is a private entity that operates a mercury free gold processing plant. The plant is located about 4.5 km to the northeast of the County Bornuur in Tuv Province. XRF analysis was conducted around the processing plant as well as on a nearby farmer's abandoned land with construction demolition dumps, where illegal gold separation was done using mercury during the early 2000s. The main pollutants in this area are arsenic, chromium and mercury. There are 20 workers working in the processing plant. Approximately 10 households (with 30 family members) live within 500 m of the plant. Pathways of exposure include inhalation, direct contact with soil, and drinking local water.

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Field team with local administration and head of gold processing facility

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Map of the site with sampling points

Table 1. Concentrations of contaminants (HAMO LLC)

Sand/ Longtitude Latitude Date soil/ Population As (ppm) Hg (ppm) Pb (ppm) sediment 106,3141 48,45231 24.06.2017 Soil 3 27,77 0 24,83 106,3139 48,45226 24.06.2017 Soil 3 73,3 9 49,07 106,3139 48,45214 24.06.2017 Soil 3 370,78 3 236,4 106,3137 48,45207 24.06.2017 Soil 3 36,4 0 24,54 106,3136 48,45198 24.06.2017 Soil 3 45,91 5 34,06 106,3136 48,45192 24.06.2017 Soil 3 0 0 32,51

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106,3137 48,45226 24.06.2017 Soil 3 636,93 21 229,45 106,3137 48,45221 24.06.2017 Soil 3 32,3 13 38,33 106,3137 48,45227 24.06.2017 Soil 3 293,69 8 101,47 106,3138 48,45203 24.06.2017 Soil 3 1197,26 18 1437,54 106,3129 48,452 24.06.2017 Soil 3 0 3 21,17 106,3127 48,45188 24.06.2017 Soil 3 26,81 0 21 106,3125 48,45201 24.06.2017 Soil 3 0 4 18 106,312 48,45213 24.06.2017 Soil 3 279,44 10 113,11 106,3118 48,45215 24.06.2017 Soil 3 89,16 9 25,77 106,3115 48,45214 24.06.2017 Soil 3 70,44 10 53,31 106,3113 48,45215 24.06.2017 Soil 3 36,61 10 20 106,3115 48,45238 24.06.2017 Soil 3 96,37 4 33,99 106,3121 48,45239 24.06.2017 Soil 3 70,66 0 47,62 106,3124 48,45228 24.06.2017 Soil 3 37,59 4 15 106,3125 48,45219 24.06.2017 Soil 1 24,84 9 21,68 106,3163 48,45252 24.06.2017 Soil 1 1062,2 0 1382,99 106,3163 48,4525 24.06.2017 Soil 1 265,25 0 790,88 106,3163 48,45249 24.06.2017 Soil 1 408,71 0 906,61 106,3163 48,45233 24.06.2017 Soil 1 412,49 0 978,83 106,3171 48,45188 24.06.2017 Soil 0 643,92 0 1134,41 106,3169 48,45194 24.06.2017 Soil 0 270,37 0 136,11

MN-5450 – Olon Bulgiin Salaa

This ASGM site is located on the border between Delger and Biger counties of Govi-Altai Province, 20 km north-west from Biger county, north end of Mount Khantaishir, in a place called Olon Bulag. Since 2009 the area has been used for artisanal mining, and the key pollutant is arsenic. Migration into the environment is through dust in the air and soil, and pathways of exposure for people are dermal contact, inhalation and ingestion.

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Measuring of concentrations of heavy metals using XRF

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Map of the site with sampling points

Table 2. Concentrations of contaminants (Olon Bulgiin Salaa)

Sand/ Longtitude Latitude Date soil/ Population As (ppm) Cr (ppm) Pb (ppm) sediment 45,95841 97,05196 29.08.2017 Soil 52 13 99,52 16 45,95853 97,052 29.08.2017 Soil 52 16 146,34 20 45,95871 97,0519 29.08.2017 Soil 52 18 91,9 6 45,95891 97,05209 29.08.2017 Soil 52 5 98 20 45,95924 97,05164 29.08.2017 Soil 52 16 119,36 19 45,95811 97,05347 29.08.2017 Soil 52 6 153,57 27 45,95794 97,05393 29.08.2017 Soil 52 14 83 0 45,94897 97,05798 29.08.2017 Soil 52 6 167,95 18

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45,94897 97,05798 29.08.2017 Soil 52 10 152,06 22,05 45,94908 97,05804 29.08.2017 Soil 52 10 66 11

MN-5514 – Bayankhongor County

Central Bayankhongor Province is surrounded by mountain ranges on the north and south side, and the site is located within the Tuin River Basin. The Land is occupied mostly by residential areas. The population of Bayankhongor Province center is 20,500 as of 2016 census and residents are potentially affected by the soil pollution. The size of polluted areas is estimated to be 6,388 hectares. According to the XRF data, the the main heavy metal pollutants were chromium (total), lead and arsenic. These heavy metals come from local car washes, vehicle maintenance workshops, heating boilers that use raw coal, town dump sites and tire workshops.

The nearby Tuin River, which local residents use as a source of drinking and household water can also be polluted by these heavy metals. The Town is surrounded by herder households, which sell surplus livestock products including milk. The cattle graze near the Tuin River which is likely affected by heavy metals.

Potential pathways to humans are through inhalation of polluted dust in the air, dermal contact and through drinking water.

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Mining tailings are sources of concentrated pollutants

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Local environmental staff

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Map of the site with sampling points

Table 3. Concentrations of contaminants (Bayankhongor County) Sand/ Description soil/ of the Popul Cr Longtitude Latitude Date As (ppm) Pb (ppm) sedime sampling ation (ppm) nt spot

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Boiler of Rashaant 100,7186389 46,19786111 Soil 1464 0 Khairkhan 07.09.2017 LLC 0 7 abandoned 100,6688056 46,22944444 Soil 1464 241,64 07.09.2017 dump site 49,63 237,3 abandoned 100,6693333 46,22986111 Soil 1464 27,27 07.09.2017 dum site 1 84,34 15 abandoned 100,7236389 46,23608333 Soil 1464 22,13 07.09.2017 dum site 2 96,77 5 abandoned 100,7219722 46,23613889 Soil 1464 46,77 07.09.2017 dum site 3 105,11 18,93 ger 100,7251111 46,19844444 Soil residential 1464 27,38 07.09.2017 houses 48,19 0 market place 100,7163611 46,19266667 Soil 1464 36,58 07.09.2017 "Dund Zah" 85,09 0 Secondary school 100,7158611 46,19233333 Soil 1464 35,12 Erdenemand 07.09.2017 al 102,44 0 market place 100,7126389 46,18636111 Soil 1464 19,78 07.09.2017 Nine Erdene 87,78 0 a tyre 100,71225 46,18661111 Soil 1464 0 07.09.2017 workshop 0 0 a tyre 100,71225 46,18661111 Soil 1464 28,27 07.09.2017 workshop 0 0 waste water 100,7109444 46,16172222 Soil 1464 21,14 07.09.2017 tratment plan 0 0 100,7109444 46,16172222 07.09.2017 Soil WWTP 1464 133,63 21,76 0 car wash 100,7215 46,2075 Soil 1464 42,96 07.09.2017 workshop 52,88 0

MN-5470 – Gold ore milling facility - 2 (Owner Tserenpuntsag) (Lead)

Newly built gold ore milling facility located at 7-23 Harztai St in Yusonbulag county of Gobi- Altai Province started its operating in January 2017. The ESCM team has studied possible heavy metal pollution in and around the facility, including traces of mercury. The key pollutant is lead, which can be released as dust in the air and into soil. Migration into the body is through dermal contact, inhalation and ingestion. The mill facility is located in the east corner of the Yusonbulag county inside private property. It is 500 meters away from residential areas. Crusher, wheel mill and gold shaking

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table are installed and operational on the property. Water for washing of gold ore is extracted from a deep well within the facility. Gold ore are being brought from ASGM mining sites located within Gobi-Altai Province. The facility is surrounded by a fence that restricts entrance of outsiders. However, grey water outlets are located outside of the fence, from which local animals including cows are watering constantly as there is limited water source around. Dominant pollutants are: lead, arsenic, copper and zinc

Shaker table

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13. A dump of Slime is major source of HM contaminants

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Map of the site with sampling points Table 4. Concentrations of contaminants (Gold ore milling facility - 2 (Owner Tserenpuntsag)

Sand/ Contaminan Contaminan Longtitud soil/ Populatio Contaminan Latitude Date t 1, Pb t 3, As e sedimen n t 2, Cr (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) t 96,2779 01.08.201 46,380562 Soil 10 10562,33 109,77 0 2 7 96,2779 01.08.201 46,380604 Soil 10 3285,44 83,52 0 3 7 96,2780 01.08.201 46,380562 Soil 10 2908,3 62 556,7 1 7 96,2775 01.08.201 46,380848 Soil 10 43361,64 44 0 3 7 96,2775 01.08.201 46,380852 Soil 10 4265,69 37 0 5 7 96,2492 01.08.201 46,381695 Soil 10 1666,48 101,23 117,44 7 7

MN-5357 – Tannery industry zone (Chromium (total))

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ESCM researchers studied a tannery and heavy metal pollution using handheld XRF and 340 XRF readings. Potential pollution pathways into the human body are ingestion, inhalation and dermal contacts. The main contaminants are chromium, arsenic and lead. The study area is approximately 112 hectares of land located along the Tuul river in the south of Ulaanbaatar (E106.894, N47.894), the land area is generally flat, but is slightly sloping from east to west and north to south at 1-1.5%. The tannery area is located in south west of Ulaanbaatar city with population of 1.3 mln.

The tannery industrial zone is located in Khan-Uul district, which stretches along south-west of Ulaanbaatar city. Tuul River, one of culturally and economically important rivers of Mongolia flows next to the tannery industrial zone. Tannery facilities have been running in this area since the 1950s and chromium III has long been used in tanneries and is becoming the largest source of heavy metal pollution to the environment in Mongolia, and poses a health risks to workers of tanneries and surrounding residents.

View of the site

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Tannery industrial facility

General view of the site

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Map of the site with sampling points Table 5. Concentrations of contaminants (Tannery industry zone)

Sand/ Description of the sampling As Pb Latitude Longtitude Date soil/ Population Cr (ppm) spot (ppm) (ppm) sediment 47,89837 106,89832 22.03.2017 Soil Business and adminstration 215 139,7 9 22,54 47,89814 106,89871 22.03.2017 Soil Business and adminstration 215 107,07 0 27,06 47,89773 106,8991 22.03.2017 Soil Business and adminstration 215 96,85 9 19,91 47,89874 106,89885 22.03.2017 Soil Business and adminstration 215 121,09 8 19,4 47,89874 106,89679 22.03.2017 Soil Business and adminstration 215 121,29 6 19,65 47,89835 106,89455 22.03.2017 Soil Business and adminstration 215 138,3 15 18 47,89877 106,89452 22.03.2017 Soil Business and adminstration 215 153,93 6 21,83 47,8987 106,89348 22.03.2017 Soil Business and adminstration 215 103,57 0 35,09 47,89851 106,89269 22.03.2017 Soil Business and adminstration 215 152,7 11 20,33 47,8979 106,89272 22.03.2017 Soil Business and adminstration 215 110,51 0 53,26 47,89748 106,89778 22.03.2017 Soil Business and adminstration 215 145,56 24,96 56,23 47,89749 106,89872 22.03.2017 Soil Business and adminstration 215 150,65 24,58 65,55 47,89729 106,89977 22.03.2017 Soil Business and adminstration 215 115,92 10 26,37 47,89733 106,8988 22.03.2017 Soil Business and adminstration 215 18 6 17,6 47,8971 106,89716 22.03.2017 Soil Business and adminstration 215 128,16 21,89 22,07

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47,8985 106,89635 22.03.2017 Soil Business and adminstration 215 113,12 9 23,85 47,89664 106,89664 22.03.2017 Soil Business and adminstration 215 106,68 0 23,48 47,89739 106,89475 22.03.2017 Soil Business and adminstration 215 90,05 8 40,7 Food product and textile 47,89374 106,89681 22.03.2017 Soil 128,85 16 16 manufacture 100 Food product and textile 47,89373 106,89713 22.03.2017 Soil 84,34 5 55,6 manufacture 100 Food product and textile 47,89542 106,89661 22.03.2017 Soil 257,71 0 74,83 manufacture 100 Food product and textile 47,89546 106,89692 22.03.2017 Soil 239,97 16 24,64 manufacture 100 Food product and textile 47,89581 106,89671 22.03.2017 Soil 216,56 11 33,99 manufacture 100 Food product and textile 47,8957 106,89739 22.03.2017 Soil 157,63 12 33,17 manufacture 100 Food product and textile 47,89603 106,89736 22.03.2017 Soil 157,55 12 56,19 manufacture 100 Food product and textile 47,89891 106,89973 22.03.2017 Soil 94,32 14 19 manufacture 100 Food product and textile 47,89698 106,89773 22.03.2017 Soil 178,88 6 22,31 manufacture 100 Food product and textile 47,89685 106,89819 22.03.2017 Soil 98,02 8 20,53 manufacture 100 Food product and textile 47,89621 106,89816 22.03.2017 Soil 132,35 17 22,43 manufacture 100 Food product and textile 47,89691 106,89988 22.03.2017 Soil 280,74 12 84,09 manufacture 100 47,89285 106,90051 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 64,2 9 53,16 47,89282 106,8957 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 97,65 15 27,36 47,88965 106,89416 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 174,5 17,75 13 47,89003 106,89463 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 137,23 5 23,65 47,89056 106,89536 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 125,3 7 18 47,89002 106,89605 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 120,5 8 16 47,89026 106,89678 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 121,53 13 10 47,88952 106,89712 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 125,21 2 26,31 47,8904 106,89895 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 117,96 6 17 47,89148 106,89954 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 100,44 9 14 47,89187 106,89938 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 155,48 31,25 46,27 47,89243 106,89881 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 71 11 43,46 47,89273 106,89912 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 153,3 17 31,19 47,89322 106,89643 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 140,3 15 28,59 47,89278 106,89641 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 135,99 11 32,06

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47,89199 106,89626 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 121,9 18,86 13 47,8913 106,89636 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 107,38 6 16 47,89121 106,89571 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 127,03 8 25,92 47,89143 106,89526 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 97,47 7 36,11 47,89184 106,89587 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 128,46 12 22,85 47,89253 106,89591 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 132,02 10 23,59 47,89248 106,89506 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 111,61 2 26,56 47,89177 106,89467 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 119,58 6 18,22 47,89193 106,89426 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 85,3 9 12 47,89121 106,89446 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 131,9 11 17 47,89063 106,89506 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 133,4 8 21,13 47,89074 106,89622 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 134,48 4 18 47,89084 106,89742 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 129,3 31,28 25,73 47,89122 106,89761 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 99,18 14 25,6 47,89174 106,89736 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 82,44 9 39,57 47,89251 106,898 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 94,06 7 37,32 47,88974 106,89598 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 107,78 8 21,51 47,88946 106,89645 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 95,12 15 13 47,89607 106,89616 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 212,51 16 34,49 47,89661 106,89621 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 92,83 0 23,64 47,89736 106,89626 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 97,7 4 22,65 47,89794 106,89726 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 119,11 1 47,1 47,89784 106,89771 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 120,41 0 28,79 47,89839 106,89718 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 111,06 10 17 47,89774 106,89639 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 88,71 10 37 47,89658 106,89489 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 67,41 12 18 47,89685 106,89439 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 80,6 0 28,95 47,89674 106,89504 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 90,4 9 28,83 47,89608 106,8942 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 79,27 15,32 9 47,89621 106,89563 22.03.2017 Soil Apertment building and house 50 36 8 16 47,89291 106,89507 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 125,77 29,92 25,34 47,89301 106,89507 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 141,17 8 21,08 47,89309 106,89502 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 73,54 8 9 47,8932 106,89504 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 183,44 15 14 47,89327 106,89505 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 170,31 6 22,12 47,8934 106,89505 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 325,91 6 29,67 47,89352 106,89507 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 1236,63 7 21,7 47,89362 106,89507 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 574,25 7 27,85

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47,89372 106,89507 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 484,3 10 40,13 47,8938 106,89509 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 415,7 7 36,54 47,89388 106,89519 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 157,03 14 24,74 47,89388 106,89536 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 135,08 28,9 19 47,89394 106,89504 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 312,94 5 27,79 47,89405 106,89506 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 309,47 15 21,51 47,89408 106,89523 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 351,58 14 25,07 47,89417 106,8953 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 200,65 8 20 47,89422 106,89516 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 399,28 15 27,71 47,89423 106,89507 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 169,74 31,78 30,64 47,89422 106,89546 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 244,8 22 34,49 47,8942 106,89567 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 346,34 15 38,7 47,89423 106,89594 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 147,34 3 33,92 47,89424 106,89613 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 104,36 12 33,11 47,89411 106,89684 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 137,2 14 28,94 47,89392 106,89687 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 98,24 23,65 26,9 47,89373 106,89645 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 559,24 6 23,37 47,89295 106,89525 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 113,85 6 38,37 47,89291 106,8955 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 141,8 59,18 314,25 47,89238 106,89351 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 660,6 11 16 47,89233 106,8937 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 778,5 4 12 47,89245 106,89359 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 1340,55 11 20 47,89263 106,89362 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 858,79 0 35 47,89278 106,89369 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 566,37 6 44,4 47,89288 106,89376 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 485,5 0 41,97 47,89299 106,89377 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 590,41 84 20 47,89315 106,8938 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 444,5 6 28,09 47,89334 106,89388 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 299,68 1 41,27 47,89347 106,89382 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 321,55 11 51,86 47,89357 106,89404 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 259,48 12 32,53 47,8937 106,89375 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 1051,76 17 59,57 47,89383 106,89392 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 432,19 8 37,41 47,89398 106,89401 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 595,58 10 24,2 47,89421 106,89402 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 4180,82 13 101,67 47,89418 106,89424 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 381,9 0 32,78 47,8942 106,89443 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 207,98 6 24,76 47,89368 106,89357 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 482,95 11 31,95 47,89368 106,89325 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 1027,65 4 26,98

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47,89389 106,89324 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 229,71 0 24,89 47,89403 106,89313 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 218,86 9 20 47,89419 106,89297 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 208,48 16 11 47,89388 106,89284 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 216,67 6 25,97 47,89419 106,89249 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 6733,38 4 5 47,89433 106,89311 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 136,62 3 12 47,89455 106,89307 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 210,84 16 19 47,89471 106,89315 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 215,04 17 22,57 47,89491 106,89318 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 182,15 23,33 22 47,89476 106,8934 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 170,4 6 31,57 47,8949 106,89359 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 223,59 2 35,14 47,89502 106,89374 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 8263,08 14 37,68 47,89494 106,89372 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 434,55 22,82 27,23 47,8951 106,89403 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 1268,12 7 24,51 47,89496 106,89399 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 752,52 6 25,72 47,89524 106,89424 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 472,86 19,43 22,26 47,89528 106,89437 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 285,05 9 12 47,89528 106,89461 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 345,2 7 19,3 47,89528 106,89489 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 193,81 17 16 47,89525 106,89528 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 219,75 6 12 47,89541 106,89545 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 144,54 4 22,58 47,89527 106,89571 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 139,69 5 26,99 47,89513 106,89597 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 184,86 4 35,97 47,8954 106,89605 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 227,73 9 48,38 47,89537 106,89637 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 154,06 5 46,9 47,89527 106,89619 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 138,32 4 27,43 47,8951 106,89607 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 136,27 8 30,86 47,89492 106,89601 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 106,73 18 77,07 47,89457 106,89602 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 145,59 24,32 26,62 47,89442 106,89617 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 129,32 24 31,1 47,89459 106,89584 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 153,63 8 58,6 47,89072 106,89037 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 949,12 0 33,07 47,89071 106,89059 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 731,13 10 35,91 47,8907 106,89011 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 585,75 13 17 47,89051 106,89037 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 879,77 18 26,28 47,89036 106,89061 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 1070,67 11 20,79 47,89023 106,89069 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 253,65 20,41 18 47,89024 106,89108 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 1338,44 1 28,91

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47,89022 106,89122 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 2738,76 6 30,56 47,89021 106,89149 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 1842,32 27,3 6 47,89022 106,89168 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 1821,86 12 11 47,89022 106,89204 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 3477,79 14 21,14 47,89019 106,89227 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 637,12 5 16,42 47,89026 106,89256 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 4741,06 2 32,38 47,89022 106,89297 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 192,1 5 25,53 47,89 106,89294 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 136,91 7 29,76 47,89001 106,89268 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 166,55 7 30,82 47,89 106,89241 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 105,92 32,21 13 47,88999 106,89214 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 109,48 20,31 22,23 47,89001 106,89173 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 135,88 38,16 24,66 47,88996 106,89131 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 167,27 23,73 19 47,89033 106,89011 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 181,45 8 26,97 47,8907 106,88994 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 368,18 13 24,92 47,89084 106,88974 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 344,47 18 27,96 47,89105 106,88974 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 277,53 0 91,64 47,89124 106,88969 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 210,71 2 36,01 47,89143 106,88975 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 177,56 6 35,02 47,89164 106,88976 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 184,82 1 31,23 47,89193 106,88978 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 297,89 9 18 47,8922 106,88976 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 370,79 13 36,12 47,8922 106,88986 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 407,92 3 40,41 47,89252 106,88973 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 379,96 7 32,3 47,89251 106,88921 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 335,56 9 33,85 47,89228 106,88963 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 471,27 21,29 41,55 47,89243 106,8894 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 157,61 40,7 15 47,89251 106,89018 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 284,25 10 28,42 47,89249 106,89095 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 298,86 0 29,11 47,89252 106,89154 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 325,62 6 25,63 47,8925 106,89181 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 675,76 2 48,96 47,8925 106,89211 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 439,13 12 15 47,89272 106,89002 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 278,35 20,84 7 47,893 106,89 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 430,63 14 27,33 47,8932 106,89008 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 225,02 16 19 47,89348 106,89022 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 332,16 12 24,96 47,89305 106,89039 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 516,21 3 26,36 47,89303 106,89091 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 649,72 13 20,77

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47,89293 106,89139 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 1061,68 10 14 47,89297 106,89173 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 649,8 9 18,54 47,89298 106,89209 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 706,65 1 39,49 47,89276 106,89208 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 300,59 4 18 47,89054 106,89174 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 3068,16 3 37,38 47,8904 106,8917 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 10565,82 11 28,77 47,89043 106,89209 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 4837,48 11 28,4 47,89067 106,89208 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 4670,39 0 32,78 47,89076 106,89254 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 6967,21 14 18 47,89047 106,89262 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 3678,97 4 20,03 47,89051 106,89305 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 7877,93 9 38,79 47,8905 106,89322 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 1615,75 0 120,56 47,89074 106,8933 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 4698,96 21 44,17 47,89114 106,89344 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 670,42 14 14 47,89128 106,8933 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 2943,75 6 24,46 47,89125 106,89269 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 5210,54 6 31,87 47,89128 106,89229 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 4330,62 21,75 27,62 47,89152 106,89202 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 1228,3 7 25,63 47,89179 106,89215 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 1168,76 4 22,56 47,89117 106,8921 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 4197,24 14 30,91 47,89128 106,89191 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 2096,9 0 47,23 47,89093 106,89204 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 1502,56 2 33,2 47,89106 106,89246 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 4972,14 9 19,84 47,89076 106,89247 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 7463,03 8 35,78 47,89068 106,89207 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 4822,22 16 16 47,89048 106,89102 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 1995,5 6 16 47,89054 106,89105 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 10752,62 5 26,19 47,89145 106,89169 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 458,45 10 28,99 47,89208 106,89173 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 348,51 12 23,13 47,89323 106,89196 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 394,57 13 22 74,89368 106,8919 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 500,65 0 21 47,89379 106,89245 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 333,42 3 27,49 47,89383 106,89199 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 457,5 19,71 22,39 47,89305 106,89166 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 468,51 15,84 24,39 47,89377 106,89108 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 309,01 9 63,5 47,8938 106,89067 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 373,42 10 43,81 47,89381 106,89024 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 275,48 13 18 47,89384 106,88985 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 377,63 0 58,53

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47,89387 106,88949 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 590,67 1 55,8 47,89492 106,88958 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 217,18 6 32,15 47,89483 106,89002 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 202,69 8 23,51 47,89478 106,89047 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 205,9 15 21,45 47,89471 106,89091 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 181,86 2 29,31 47,89464 106,89143 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 188,31 7 21 47,89458 106,89188 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 238,18 0 30,14 47,89453 106,89246 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 299,93 4 26,75 47,89459 106,89289 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 346,29 14 24,22 47,89542 106,88802 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 185,94 24,66 66,93 47,89526 106,88829 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 140,08 17 36,42 47,89555 106,88847 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 144,67 14 18 47,89553 106,8891 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 143,5 9 21,49 47,89483 106,88647 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 129,35 20 141,74 47,89467 106,88712 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 251,62 16 43,18 47,89446 106,88776 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 143,37 10 46,11 47,89414 106,88751 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 3346,4 11 18 47,89388 106,88776 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 2635,35 0 11 47,89343 106,88807 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 174,99 13 9 47,8927 106,88837 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 223,67 5 28,77 47,89211 106,88849 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 204,48 15 10 47,89177 106,8886 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 219,03 13 14 47,89132 106,88859 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 218,23 23,7 16 47,89082 106,88906 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 308,46 9 17 47,8904 106,88954 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 150,29 5 14 47,88954 106,89351 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 138,75 6 27,65 47,88994 106,89372 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 156,63 12 13 47,89055 106,89367 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 104,06 5 37,15 47,89576 106,89373 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 213,41 16 89,09 47,89585 106,89592 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 109,45 13 26,33 47,89231 106,89319 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 991,13 6 24,2 47,8918 106,89301 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 792,74 2 18,9 47,89195 106,89347 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 891,14 6 33,75 47,89192 106,894 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 702,02 5 31,23 47,89346 106,89446 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 120,09 3 36,23 47,89329 106,89448 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 62 0 13,49 47,89302 106,89207 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 553,51 18 18 47,89253 106,89266 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 325,48 10 24,42

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47,89303 106,89306 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 1018,27 3 17 47,89305 106,8925 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 269,02 10 2 47,89183 106,89014 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 248,26 13 32,41 47,89191 106,89043 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 219,5 17 27,99 47,89211 106,88898 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 216,73 7 15 47,89168 106,88881 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 134,07 19,04 8 47,89207 106,8883 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 119,51 7 23,45 47,8938 106,88883 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 163,56 27,6 29,72 47,89319 106,88854 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 4784,13 0 35,56 47,89308 106,88926 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 1336,27 10 18 47,89312 106,88973 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 3088,74 3 42,51 47,89467 106,89395 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 398,99 0 32,57 47,89518 106,89696 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 111,66 8 25,1 47,8928 106,89468 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 101,17 10 15 47,89333 106,8878 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 311,28 7 22,49 47,89421 106,89127 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 374,8 9 89,65 47,89421 106,8907 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 447,67 11 304,53 47,89428 106,89011 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 276,45 6 74,05 47,8942 106,88952 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 184,37 12 46,12 47,8942 106,88873 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 1197,35 2 40,51 47,89436 106,88672 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 74,86 9 38,86 47,89483 106,88699 22.03.2017 Soil Tannery 5 90,11 10 42,51 Service, Store, expo center and 47,8956 106,88812 22.03.2017 Soil 142,13 19 28,05 college 40 Service, Store, expo center and 47,89609 106,88818 22.03.2017 Soil 135,05 2 26,63 college 40 Service, Store, expo center and 47,89536 106,88737 22.03.2017 Soil 217,49 15 215,46 college 40 Service, Store, expo center and 47,89545 106,88779 22.03.2017 Soil 189,08 4 78,89 college 40 Service, Store, expo center and 47,89607 106,88814 22.03.2017 Soil 132,68 4 45,72 college 40 Service, Store, expo center and 47,8964 106,88797 22.03.2017 Soil 127,23 8 17 college 40 Service, Store, expo center and 47,89657 106,88777 22.03.2017 Soil 174,48 2 38,51 college 40 Service, Store, expo center and 47,89637 106,88704 22.03.2017 Soil 145,68 15 29,3 college 40 Service, Store, expo center and 47,89613 106,88627 22.03.2017 Soil 140,6 12 18 college 40 Service, Store, expo center and 47,89636 106,88615 22.03.2017 Soil 133,06 8 27,7 college 40

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Service, Store, expo center and 47,89602 106,88494 22.03.2017 Soil 103,45 13 25,98 college 40 Service, Store, expo center and 47,89548 106,88517 22.03.2017 Soil 207,83 10 29,28 college 40 Service, Store, expo center and 47,89518 106,88581 22.03.2017 Soil 114,65 1 48,55 college 40 Service, Store, expo center and 47,89658 106,89289 22.03.2017 Soil 122,19 16 16 college 40 Service, Store, expo center and 47,89636 106,89254 22.03.2017 Soil 197,44 4 38,22 college 40 Service, Store, expo center and 47,89594 106,89242 22.03.2017 Soil 140,15 5 38,59 college 40 Service, Store, expo center and 47,89586 106,89301 22.03.2017 Soil 149,77 15 57,12 college 40 Service, Store, expo center and 47,89814 106,8913 22.03.2017 Soil 121,89 4 32,15 college 40 Service, Store, expo center and 47,89762 106,89128 22.03.2017 Soil 110,08 2 19,11 college 40 Service, Store, expo center and 47,89711 106,8915 22.03.2017 Soil 107,4 9 43,27 college 40 Service, Store, expo center and 47,89701 106,89193 22.03.2017 Soil 132,69 3 37,62 college 40 Service, Store, expo center and 47,89659 106,89177 22.03.2017 Soil 1669,45 5 38,78 college 40 Service, Store, expo center and 47,89673 106,89167 22.03.2017 Soil 129,12 2 19,11 college 40 Service, Store, expo center and 47,89653 106,89103 22.03.2017 Soil 128,85 22,84 10 college 40 Service, Store, expo center and 47,89747 106,89063 22.03.2017 Soil 139,7 0 405,16 college 40 Service, Store, expo center and 47,89738 106,8896 22.03.2017 Soil 125,95 11 84,55 college 40 Service, Store, expo center and 47,89491 106,88583 22.03.2017 Soil 75,77 13 18,77 college 40 Service, Store, expo center and 47,89548 106,88592 22.03.2017 Soil 569,98 6 58,54 college 40 Service, Store, expo center and 47,89576 106,88612 22.03.2017 Soil 84,91 3 34,77 college 40 Service, Store, expo center and 47,8965 106,89117 22.03.2017 Soil 140,08 14 96,8 college 40 Service, Store, expo center and 47,89591 106,89114 22.03.2017 Soil 245,61 15,84 23,71 college 40 Service, Store, expo center and 47,89578 106,89198 22.03.2017 Soil 132,38 6 34,11 college 40 47,89351 106,89729 22.03.2017 Soil Recreation 50 70,19 7 27,57 47,89364 106,90007 22.03.2017 Soil Recreation 50 125,99 19 42,82

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47,89374 106,89933 22.03.2017 Soil Recreation 50 103,13 10 33,48 47,89331 106,8989 22.03.2017 Soil Recreation 50 107,63 6 17,69 47,89312 106,89787 22.03.2017 Soil Recreation 50 124,26 9 36,29 47,89357 106,89743 22.03.2017 Soil Recreation 50 117,67 16,48 18 47,88982 106,88942 22.03.2017 Soil River buffer zone 0 96,96 2 7 47,88958 106,88973 22.03.2017 Soil River buffer zone 0 127,56 21,63 6 47,88964 106,89047 22.03.2017 Soil River buffer zone 0 125,59 4 18,22 47,88944 106,89102 22.03.2017 Soil River buffer zone 0 46 0 13 47,88947 106,89143 22.03.2017 Soil River buffer zone 0 98,98 7 18,93 47,88936 106,89237 22.03.2017 Soil River buffer zone 0 117 8 2 47,88928 106,89311 22.03.2017 Soil River buffer zone 0 74 9 14

MN-5411 – Sujigt, Bornuur County, Tuv Province (Arsenic)

This is a gold mining site, formerly utilized by ASGM but confiscated by the government because of use of prohibited mercury. The site is located 20 kmto the north of Bornuur County center in the forest mountain. Main pollutants are Arsenic and Mercury. Sources of pollution are mining and gold ore separation using mercury. The site is currently in the process of transfer of ownership for a private company Gunbileg LLC.

Regarding the population, it is fortunate that the site is far from the populated areas, although may be exposed to the risk of contamination by heavy metals through dermal contact, inhalation of HM dust and ingestion through food and drinking water.

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Investigators at the site

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Map of the site with sampling points

Table 6. Concentrations of contaminants (Sujigt, Bornuur County, Tuv Province)

Sand/ Longtitude Latitude Date soil/ Population As (ppm) Pb (ppm) Hg (ppm) sediment 48,56913 106,5142 06.07.2017 Soil 2 870,32 349,06 3 48,56915 106,5143 06.07.2017 Soil 2 1222,64 252,86 11 48,56905 106,5144 06.07.2017 Soil 2 850,24 253,54 0 48,56898 106,5145 06.07.2017 Soil 2 1146,91 219,93 23 48,56893 106,5145 06.07.2017 Soil 2 1549,16 335,17 28 48,56885 106,5146 06.07.2017 Soil 2 85,45 49,26 13 48,56886 106,5143 06.07.2017 Soil 2 38,07 33,33 1

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MN-5462 – An ASGM site at Mount Khantaishir (Chromium (Total))

An ASGM site at Mount Khantaishir is located between Yusonbulag and Khaliun counties and Artisana miners have been mining in this area for long time. A study using XRF for heavy metal pollution was conducted along Yalaat river located on the west side of Mount Khantaishir and Jargalant springs located on the east side.

The soil and water pollution are due to open mining. The mined area is surrounded by herder families and river water is the only source of drinking water. Potential pathways of exposure are through drinking water, inhalation of HM containing dust and via food chain ingestion.

Almost a 20 ha area has been exploited by artisanal miners since 2004 in Jargalant springs area. Yalaat river area has been exploited since 2014 and currently about 2 ha area has been degraded due to mining.

Washing gold with ASGM technology Overburden

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Measurement in damaged areas Device for the final drying of gold

Map of the site with sampling points

Table 7. Concentrations of contaminants (An ASGM site at Mount Khantaishir)

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Sand/ Contaminant Contaminant Contaminant Latitude Longtitude Date soil/ Population 1, Cr (ppm) 2, As (ppm) 3, Pb (ppm) sediment 46,28151 96,28752 31.08.2017 Soil 10 179,45 2 23 46,2814 96,28743 31.08.2017 Soil 10 425,42 7 7 46,28124 96,28758 31.08.2017 Soil 10 169,78 3 12 46,28732 96,16294 31.08.2017 Soil 10 547,67 3 3 46,28736 96,1629 31.08.2017 Soil 10 337,22 16 20 46,28727 96,16283 31.08.2017 Soil 10 98,27 15 8 46,28735 96,1625 31.08.2017 Soil 10 256,88 7 2

MN-5461 – An ASGM site-Bayan salaa (Arsenic)

Bayansalaa is an ASGM site at the west end of Mountain Khuvchiin Nuruu which is part of Mongol Altai Mountain Range located at 2300 m above sea level. Approximately 6 ha of land has been exploited by artisanal miners. Within 10 km of Bayansalaa another 2 ha land by the name Shiveet has also been exploited by artisanal miners. This is a rocky mountaineous area with hills and gold ores, which are located along the gully between hills. there is no forest, no surface water or streams around the sites.

The main pollutant in this area is arsenic that is released through mining operations and which may pollute the surrounding environment through rain or snow water runoff. Arsenic contaminated soil can be picked up by wind and pose health hazard to surrounding population. pathways can be through inhalation, eating food contaminated by arsenic dust or drinking water, in which arsenic dust entered.

Miners periodically come from different urban places and work and live on the sites.

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Trucks belong to the mining companies

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Map of the site with sampling points

Table 8. Concentrations of contaminants (An ASGM site-Bayan salaa)

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Sand/ Contaminan Contaminan Contaminan Longtitud soil/ Latitude Date Population t 1, As t 2, Cr t 3, Pb e sedimen (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) t 94,21652 45,19608 Soil 13 19,78 54 17 1 7 05.08.2017 94,21850 45,19845 Soil 13 17 69,97 11 3 6 05.08.2017 94,22203 45,19977 Soil 13 4 47,81 20 1 9 05.08.2017 94,22470 45,19958 Soil 11 0 48 21 6 1 05.08.2017

MN-5412 – Khargana well, Bornuur County, Tuv Province

Khargana well is a location where gold recovery using mercury had taken place 10 years ago. The deep well is located in hollow with grassland and both of hollow edge are grown by forests. Surrounding the well area is crop production, where wheat, barely and vegetables are planted. It is a potentially flood prone area and contaminants may be washed in with rain or snow melt into the Boroo river, which is located in the area. Government led clean up actions have taken place in and around the well in 2008. A study was done by the ESCM field team to assess the area. Main pollutants which were found are Mercury and Arsenic. Pollution pathways are inhalation of dust, dermal contact and ingestion through food and drinking water.

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Map of the site with sampling points

Table 9. Concentrations of contaminants (Khargana well, Bornuur County, Tuv Province)

Longtitude Latitude Date Population Hg (ppm) Cr (ppm) Pb (ppm)

106,3485 48,55532 06.07.2017 2 8 161,93 41,06 106,3484 48,55544 06.07.2017 2 18 137,35 286,31 106,3483 48,55546 06.07.2017 4 1 174,42 58,92 106,3485 48,55558 06.07.2017 6 5 140,83 122,9 106,3486 48,55551 06.07.2017 2 5 111,4 32,52

MN-5515 – Altan us (Bayan-ovoo, Bayankhongor)

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Altan us - an artisanal gold mining site is located in small hills 25 km west of Baynkhongor Province center.

The site is in sparsely vegetated stony area, which is used mainly as pastureland by local herders. There is no surface water within 25 kilometers. Main sources of water are hand made wells. Approximately 1000 miners were operating in the site since 2008. Organized partnerships (i.e. responsible miners) started mining the site since 2015 and started some rehabilitation in the mined land. According to the results of these measurements for heavy metal pollution, the main pollutant is Arsenic, which will negatively affect the health of the herding population and the artisanal miners through airborne particulate matter.

Main pollutant of this location is As, arsenic contaminated soil can be picked up by wind and pose health hazard to surrounding population and environment.

A view of a typical ASGM typical mining site

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Assessing of ground extracted by miners from the beneath

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General view to the mining camp

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Map of the site with sampling points

Table 10. Concentrations of contaminants (Altan us (Bayan-ovoo, Bayankhongor)

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Sand/ Description of the Popula As Cr Pb Longtitude Latitude Date soil/ sampling spot tion (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) sediment Placier gold mining site of Altan Us 100.3025 46.18375 02.09.2017 soil 9 0 0 0 partnership (organized miners) Placier gold mining site of Altan Us 100.3027778 46.18325 02.09.2017 soil 9 15 94,48 30,63 partnership (organized miners) Placier gold mining site of Altan Us 100.3027222 46.18227778 02.09.2017 soil 9 16,26 0 0 partnership (organized miners) Placier gold mining site of Altan Us 100.3028056 46.18197222 02.09.2017 soil 9 18,49 87,68 0 partnership (organized miners) Placier gold mining site of Altan Us 100.3019722 46.18180556 02.09.2017 soil 9 10 89,75 0 partnership (organized miners) Placier gold mining site of Altan Us 100.20297222 46.116777777 02.09.2017 soil 9 38,04 157,93 33,32 partnership (organized miners) a hard rock mining 100.20611111111 46.117944444444 02.09.2017 soil 20 75,77 105,25 60,59 site Tsagaan tsahir a hard rock mining 100.20280555555 46.121833333333 02.09.2017 soil 20 19,65 40,66 0 site Tsagaan tsahir a near gold ore 100.39080555555 46.030166666666 02.09.2017 soil 20 23,4 95,2 0 processing plant a near gold ore 100.39194444444 46.033111111111 02.09.2017 soil 16 0 65,01 0 processing plant

MN-5518 – Khatavchiin Ulaan (Bumbugur county, Bayankhongor Province) (Chromium (Total)

Khatavchiin Ulaan is an ASGM placer miing site located 10km north of Bumbugur county center. It is located in hilly area with sparse vegetation with no trees or water sources around. The nearest water source is the Baidrag River which flows 5 km in the east of the site.

About 40 artisanal miners have been working at the site.

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Tha main pollutants at the site are Chromium, Arsenic and Lead. Pathways of exposure are inhalation of heavy metal contained in the dust, ingestion through food and drinking water as well as dermal contact by artisanal miners.

Map of the site with sampling points Table 11. Concentrations of contaminants (Khatavchiin Ulaan)

Sand/ Pop Longtitude Latitude Date soil/ ulati Cr (ppm) As (ppm) Pb (ppm) sediment on

46,2793333 99,48241667 07.09.2017 Soil 2 112,8 0 45,5 46,2795833 99,48283333 07.09.2017 Soil 2 118,43 17 74,07 46,2799167 99,48319444 07.09.2017 Soil 2 132,07 6 38,87 46,2796111 99,48352778 07.09.2017 Soil 2 133,35 0 87,39 46,2308333 99,87983333 07.09.2017 Soil 2 95,21 0 69,3 46,2308333 99,87983333 07.09.2017 Soil 2 104,74 0 77,18

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MN-5451 – Khukh sair (Arsenic)

The ASGM mining site "Khukh Sair" is located in Mount Samdandamba that stretches between Biger and Chandmani counties of Govi-Altai province at 1800 m above sea level. It is located in the hills with sparse vegetation and no water sources except hand made well that are used by miners and herder households nearby. In total 36 ha is used by miners.

Main contaminants because of gold mining are Arsenic, chromium, lead and zinc. Potential pathways of exposure are inhalation of dust with heavy metals, ingestion food and drinking water while on the workplace and dermal contact.

Map of the site with sampling points

Table 12. Concentrations of contaminants (Khukh sair)

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Sand/ As Cr Pb Longtitude Latitude Date soil/ Population (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) sediment 45,35168 98,18251 29.08.2017 Soil 5 0 103,41 19,86 45,35171 98,18251 29.08.2017 Soil 5 13 135,13 12 45,35185 98,18228 29.08.2017 Soil 5 10 135,04 8 45.35.156 98,1821 29.08.2017 Soil 5 3 197,47 16 45,35155 98,18167 29.08.2017 Soil 5 8 101,95 14 45,587402 98,305145 29.08.2017 Soil 5 0 101,38 24,4 45,586784 98,305115 29.08.2017 Soil 5 33 212,91 16 45,587086 98,304588 29.08.2017 Soil 5 8 627,29 10 45,587055 98,304443 29.08.2017 Soil 5 0 64,27 24,35 45,587124 98,304466 29.08.2017 Soil 5 11 196,74 16 45,588707 98,30629 29.08.2017 Soil 5 20 91,64 13 45,589123 98,305878 29.08.2017 Soil 5 16 159,24 15 45,589588 98,305611 29.08.2017 Soil 5 8 99,87 14 45,58984 98,306068 29.08.2017 Soil 5 3 114,04 20 45,589184 98,307098 29.08.2017 Soil 5 7 179,1 10 45,588268 98,307747 29.08.2017 Soil 5 12 219,31 11 45,581154 98,312683 29.08.2017 Soil 5 3 71,93 36,65 45,581566 98,312592 29.08.2017 Soil 5 15 96,33 13 45,581352 98,313248 29.08.2017 Soil 5 9 86,24 16

MN-5406 – Numt, Bornuur county, Tuv Province (Mercury – elemental)

This is a mercury slime disposed site covered with soil after mercury was used to separate gold. This site was developed by the government in 2008 to collect and bury mercury contaminated soil from all mining areas, where artisanal miners used to separate gold with mercury.

The ESCM team has assessed the surface of the site using an XRF for heavy metal contamination. The main contaminant is mercury. People can be affected by inhalation. The site is located in the forest steppe elevated zone in 8 km away to the north-east of Bornuur county center. Land around the site is used for pasture.

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Map of the site with sampling points

Table 13. Concentrations of contaminants (Numt, Bornuur county)

Sand/ Hg As Pb Longtitude Latitude Date soil/ Population (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) sediment 48,534489 106,188667 06.07.2017 Soil 4 19 193,61 129,1 48,533852 106,189217 06.07.2017 Soil 4 5 297,37 148,17 48,534683 106,188789 06.07.2017 Soil 4 6 197,84 118,73 48,534748 106,188683 06.07.2017 Soil 4 9 158,54 71,58 48,53466 106,188553 06.07.2017 Soil 4 0 55,83 25,01 48,534786 106,188332 06.07.2017 Soil 4 10 347,35 154,32 48,535118 106,188675 06.07.2017 Soil 4 2 7 28,73 48,535168 106,188286 06.07.2017 Soil 4 5 0 9

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48,534935 106,187889 06.07.2017 Soil 4 4 0 22 48,534489 106,188667 06.07.2017 Soil 4 4 69,78 42,99 48,534573 106,188927 06.07.2017 Soil 4 11 2 27,07

MN-5472 – Gold ore milling facility-4 (owner Mr. Nergui) (Arsenic)

Mr. N. built an establishment for gold ore milling in Yusonbulag county center and gold ores are piled in the site for further processing. The facility is located to the east of the town, where heating boilers, vehicle garages, auto repair and maintenance shops are concentrated. Facility is located in plain area and there is no open water source or trees nearby. It was not operational, when we made survey using XRF. Main pollutant were arsenic, lead and chromium. Potential pathways are inhalation of dusts from gold ore milling, dermal contact and ingestion. As mine was not operational, no traces of waste water observed.

XRF tests Gold ore mill

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Map of the site with sampling points

Table 14. Concentrations of contaminants (Gold ore milling facility-4)

Pb, Cr, As, Longtitude Latitude Date Population ppm ppm ppm 96,263802 46,35907 01.08.2017 10 58,79 134,05 66,86 96,26368 46,35985 01.08.2017 10 96,75 78,65 98,25 96,263634 46,35975 01.08.2017 10 28,15 175,11 34,29 96,263878 46,35973 01.08.2017 10 90,82 169,09 24 96,263939 46,35968 01.08.2017 10 223,53 191,67 254,95 96,264015 46,35973 01.08.2017 10 30,73 267,54 25,26

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MN-5460 – Shuvuutiin Sair-an ASGM site, Altai County of Gobi-Altai Province (Arsenic)

This 10 ha of land has been exploited for gold since 2013, located in Altai county of Gobi- Altai Province. The site is located in Zuulun Bogd mountain of the Ajbogd Mountain Range, 50 km away to north-west of Altai County Center.

The main pollutant is Arsenic.

Contaminated air and water enter the body via inhalation, ingestion through food and drinking water and dermal contact on naked parts of body.

Measurement using XRF On-site XRF analysis

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Map of the site with sampling points

Table 15. Concentrations of contaminants (Shuvuutiin Sair-an ASGM site)

As, Cr, Pb. Latitude Longtitude Date Population (ppm) (ppm) (ppm)

44,98798 94,72908 05.08.2017 4 32,13 131,62 29,47 44,98792 94,72917 05.08.2017 4 16 120,87 20,82 44,98795 94,72907 05.08.2017 4 25,17 104,39 18 44,9882 94,7291 05.08.2017 4 9 65,48 23 44,98842 94,7291 05.08.2017 4 29,41 129,8 11 44,98846 94,72913 05.08.2017 4 36,3 127,82 30,54 44,99833 94,73495 05.08.2017 4 35,15 123,22 11

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44,99841 94,7351 05.08.2017 4 19 103,77 35,82 44,99815 94,73527 05.08.2017 4 11 151,09 23,19 44,99828 94,73598 05.08.2017 4 12 83,16 21

MN-5471 – Gold ore milling facility-3 (Myadagbadam) (Lead)

This is a Gold ore milling facility owned by Mrs. Myadagbadam, which is located 5 km east of Yusonbulag county downstream of prevailing wind direction. It started operation in March 2017. This is a plain steppe area in about one hectare without any trees and shrubs, nd no open water resources. Before facility installation, the land was used as pasture land and its was considered as an industrial area, where no human settlement within 5 km zone and no open water resources existed. Main pollutants are lead, copper, zinc, and arsenic that contained in the gold ore and processed waste. Gold ore was being transported to the facility in vehicles by artisanal miners. Potential pathways for facility workers are inhalation of ore dust, ingestion with food and drinking water and dermal contact.

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Map of the site with sampling points

Table 16. Concentrations of contaminants (Gold ore milling facility-3 (Myadagbadam))

Sand/ Longtitude Latitude Date soil/ Population As (ppm) Cr (ppm) Pb (ppm) sediment 46,4385 96,23115 01.09.2017 Soil 5 6 49,94 55 46,4385 96,2311 01.09.2017 Soil 5 38,36 246,64 125 46,43848 96,23113 01.09.2017 Soil 5 19 12 109,71 46,43842 96,231 01.09.2017 Soil 5 681,32 0 111,36 46,4384 96,23102 01.09.2017 Soil 5 1238,45 0 96,42 46,43841 96,23108 01.09.2017 Soil 5 1963,13 47 94,35

MN-5465 – Gold ore milling facility-1 (owner Lhagvadorj)

This milling facility owned by Mr. Lkhagvadorj and is located 10 km southeast of Yusonbulag county center of Gobi-Altai Province. The facility is located on rough land, which was used as farmland for cows. It isdownstream of prevailing wind direction and there is no open water source except the grey waste water that is used for ore milling process. The waste water is not treated and is released into nature and then used by domestic animals. It has been operational since the spring of 2017. Main pollutants are lead, chromium, copper, zinc and arsenic. The source of pollution is gold ore. Pathways of exposure for workers are inhalation of milling dusts, dermal contact and ingestion food and drinking water.

Device for gold mining General view of the site

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XRF measurements XRF measurements

Fig. 53. Map of the site with sampling points

Table 17. Concentrations of contaminants (Gold ore milling facility-1 (owner Lhagvadorj)

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Sand/ Pb As Cr Longtitude Latitude Date soil/ Population (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) sediment 46,33655 96,33014 30.08.2017 Soil 10 10475,82 0 101,34 46,33655 96,33014 30.08.2017 Soil 10 43038,49 1060,86 103,82 46,33655 96,33014 30.08.2017 Soil 10 47532,71 1719,24 51 46,33664 96,32995 30.08.2017 Soil 10 88,86 6 232,49 46,33637 96,33011 30.08.2017 Soil 10 64,45 15 89,56 46,33639 96,33016 30.08.2017 Soil 10 85605,23 845 75 46,33606 96,33009 30.08.2017 Soil 10 141,57 32 218,26 46,33649 96,33057 30.08.2017 Soil 10 14234,67 221 86,46 46,33655 96,3307 30.08.2017 Soil 10 690,19 3 276,84 46,33662 96,33098 30.08.2017 Soil 10 97,49 0 323,24

MN-5856 – Tavan tolgoi mining site (Arsenic)

Tavan tolgoi mining site is located in Tsogt tsetsii County of South Gobi Province. This is a coal mining area, where the major coal mining companies of Mongolia are concentrated. it is located in the Gobi desert zone and characterized by harsh geography and a dry climate. The area is sparsely vegetated with no open water sources around. There are, however, deep water wells.

The source of pollution is Arsenic which is due to mining activities. Pathways to human body are through inhalation, ingestion with food and drink and dermal contact. All people living and working in these sites are affected.

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Map of the site with sampling points

Table 18. Concentrations of contaminants (Tavan tolgoi mining site)

As Cr Pb Longtitude Latitude Date Population (ppm) (ppm) (ppm)

43,645741 105,5931 21.12.2017 1428 30,6 80,28 17,88 43,645405 105,5931 21.12.2017 1428 28,44 81,94 22,84 43,644917 105,5925 21.12.2017 1428 34,19 82,6 18 43,646008 105,6095 21.12.2017 1428 28,44 76,18 25,78 43,646366 105,5933 21.12.2017 1428 26,12 120,82 16 43,646606 105,5933 21.12.2017 1428 19,32 104,04 13 43,669724 105,4488 21.12.2017 1428 14,68 59 14

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43,661579 105,4353 21.12.2017 1428 16 83,36 25,49 43,664284 105,4334 21.12.2017 1428 27,92 77,01 27,37 43,667187 105,4424 21.12.2017 1428 16 119,28 32,95

MN-5853 – Large spill site of Used engine (Arsenic)

A site with accidentally spilled used engine oil is located in area Ulaankhudag, which 13 kilometers southwest of Delgertsogt County of Middle Gobi Province. A truck was transporting used engine oil from mining sites of Southgobi to Ulaanbaatar city, in September 2013. The truck suffered an accident and 21 tons of used engine oil was spilled into the soil and was spread along the road to lower areas. Some initial actions to build barriers for stopping further spilling took place in that year. As the area has been used as pasture for domestic animals, pollution can impact health of herders and local residents through food chain (animals feed contaminated grass and transport contaminated soil with foots.) and through contaminants can enter human body through inhalation of contaminated dust.

Spilled oil

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Map of the site with sampling points

Table 19. Concentrations of contaminants (Large spill site of Used engine)

Sand/ As Pb Cr Longtitude Latitude Date soil/ Population (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) sediment 46,006874 106,341949 18.12.2017 Soil 1 9 29,39 62 46,006901 106,341965 18.12.2017 Soil 1 7 9 48,42 46,006783 106,341972 18.12.2017 Soil 1 0 34,57 79,45 46,006672 106,341972 18.12.2017 Soil 1 10 12 82,65 46,005909 106,343592 18.12.2017 Soil 1 6 0 78,81 46,004029 106,343268 18.12.2017 Soil 1 10 11 70,82 46,002948 106,343179 18.12.2017 Soil 1 2 16 79,63 46,000739 106,342935 18.12.2017 Soil 1 6 14 51,15 45,999512 106,342743 18.12.2017 Soil 1 6 13 46 45,996586 106,342751 18.12.2017 Soil 1 6 22,31 64,7

MN-5855 – Khartolgoi - ASGM site (Arsenic)

An ASGM site is located in 25 km away from Bayandalai County of Umnugobi Province right in the center of the National Park "Gurvan Saikhan". The site is located in hilly area with sparse vegetation and shrubs. The nearest water resource, which is the herders’ handmade

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well is located in 5 km away from this site. The area has been exploited by artisanal small scale miners, and due to underground soil being exposed, the heavy metal content from the dug up soil can pollute the surrounding environment.

Heavy metal contents include: arsenic, chrome and lead. Contaminated air with these heavy metals pose health threat through inhalation.

Map of the site with sampling points

Table 20. Concentrations of contaminants (Khartolgoi - ASGM site)

Sand/ As Cr Pb Longtitude Latitude Date soil/ Population (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) sediment 43,718739 103,4628 20.12.2017 Soil 1 8 361,93 14 43,718525 103,4627 20.12.2017 Soil 1 19,53 133,19 15

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43,718285 103,4624 20.12.2017 Soil 1 17,15 216,05 16 43,717812 103,462 20.12.2017 Soil 1 8 152,2 10 43,717018 103,4617 20.12.2017 Soil 1 12 140,6 14 43,71624 103,4615 20.12.2017 Soil 1 10 252,7 18 43,715782 103,4614 20.12.2017 Soil 1 9 254,98 7 43,715244 103,4614 20.12.2017 Soil 1 9 96 10 43,71447 103,4614 20.12.2017 Soil 1 10 115,68 16 43,714073 103,4616 20.12.2017 Soil 1 10 127,81 6 43,714024 103,4613 20.12.2017 Soil 1 10 113,74 14

MN-5747 – Soil pollution in Bayangol county (Arsenic)

Bayangol county is located along Kharaa river in Selenge province, and is considerably impacted by the mining industry. Heavy metal pollution in this area is due to gold ore which was brought from various artisanal mining sites. Results show that vanadium, arsenic and lead contents in the soil have exceeded the precaution level set by the Mongolian national standards. Local residents in the area are prone to health hazard due to inhaling of dust particles with heavy metal contents. Also the artisanal miners and children are prone to health hazard from dug up sand with heavy metal content, which is being used in playgrounds. Potential pathways of exposure can be inhalation of heavy metal containing dust, dermal contact and drinking local water.

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Map of the site with sampling points

Table 21. Concentrations of contaminants (Soil pollution in Bayangol county)

Sand/ soil/ As Cr Pb Longtitude Latitude Date Population sediment (ppm) (ppm) (ppm)

48,7747222 106,0560556 14.10.2017 Soil 500 160,96 77,6 20,14 48,7741389 106,0557778 14.10.2017 Soil 500 427,28 113,25 35,12 48,7741944 106,0507222 14.10.2017 Soil 500 70,15 81,68 447,85 48,9189444 106,0991389 14.10.2017 Soil 20 126,33 153,11 138,75 48,9146389 106,0941944 14.10.2017 Soil 20 605,97 81,26 45,26

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48,9036944 106,0939444 14.10.2017 Soil 20 319,25 92,08 222,65

MN-5854 – An ASGM site in Tsogt Ovoo, South Gobi

An ASGM site at Ulaankhudag is located in 25 km south of Tsogt Ovoo County. Seventy- eight gold miners have been operating for about 5-6 years at this site. The mining site is located in the dry desert region without open water sources in sparse vegetated area in the south slope of a hill. About 3 hectares of land is disturbed by miners and vertical tunnel with 80 meters are created below ground to bring up the gold ore. The main contaminants are As, Cr and Pb. Potential pathways exposure for As and Cr are through dermal contact of miners, inhalation and ingestion with food and drinking water while miners are located in the site.

Fig. Map of the site with sampling points

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Table 22. Concentrations of contaminants (An ASGM site in Tsogt Ovoo)

Sand/ As Pb Cr Longtitude Latitude Date soil/ Population (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) sediment 44,107014 105,2757 22.12.2017 Soil 6 27,32 26,77 81,12 44,106987 105,2754 22.12.2017 Soil 6 20,3 24,07 129,11 44,107014 105,2757 22.12.2017 Soil 6 15 25,42 187,96 44,107002 105,2757 22.12.2017 Soil 6 23,72 13 131,36 44,107018 105,2758 22.12.2017 Soil 6 25,43 18 93,65 44,107151 105,2763 22.12.2017 Soil 6 16 17 91,52 44,107285 105,2767 22.12.2017 Soil 6 7 23,03 54 44,107418 105,2763 22.12.2017 Soil 6 18,97 18,92 109,49 44,107613 105,2758 22.12.2017 Soil 6 16,95 19,02 82,4 44,107819 105,2756 22.12.2017 Soil 6 29,55 19 96,9 44,106613 105,2752 22.12.2017 Soil 6 21,75 15 190,49 44,106121 105,2754 22.12.2017 Soil 6 17,57 14 122,76 44,105927 105,2758 22.12.2017 Soil 6 15 26,31 109,24

Pollution Sources and Key Pollutants Since 2013, Pure Earth and Environment and Security Center of Mongolia (ESCM) have been working together to implement Toxic Site Identification Program. The TSIP program in Mongolia was temporally stopped during 2014-2016 period due to joint implementation of EU project on artisanal miners. To date, 48 toxic sites have been identified in Mongolia and field data are uploaded into the global TSIP database. The table below shows investigated sites by key pollutant.

Table 23. Sources of pollution of toxic sites in Mongolia Industry Number of sites Agriculture 4 air pollution PM10 1 Artisanal Mining 26 Heat energy production 1 Lead - Battery Recycling 1 Mining and Ore Processing 12 Multiple Diverse Industries 1

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Tannery 1 Transport 1 Total 48

In this graphic, the sources of pollution are described in percentages.

2% 2% 9% 2% 2%

Agriculture air pollution PM10 25% Artisanal Mining heat energy production Lead - Battery Recycling Mining and Ore Processing Multiple Diverse Industries tannery 54% transport 2%

2%

. Sources of pollution by percentage

Toxic sites locations are mapped below. Most of sites are located within north central and south-western parts. Unfortunately, it does not mean the other areas are clean. ESCM has not yet assessed those provinces.

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Locations of polluted sites within territory of Mongolia

Focus area of ESCM within TSIP was chosen active and legacy sites of Artisanal small scale gold miners (ASGM). In addition to this, ESCM has been extending its scope to investigate more polluted areas, where human health is at risk. That are provincial level urban areas, where toxic chemicals points sources are distributed. Within the Artisanal gold mining sites, key pollutants are identified as arsenic, mercury, lead and chromium. In the following table 2, one can see the key pollutants.

Table 24. Key pollutants identified within the toxic sites. Key pollutants Number of sites Arsenic 20 Chromium (Total) 4 Copper 1 Cyanide + mercury 1 Lead 4 Mercury - elemental 15

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PM 10 1 Radiation 1 Total 47

The graph below shows the percentage of key pollutants. Key pollutant in majority or 43% of total polluted sites is arsenic, which became accessible due to mining excavation pollutessoil and water sources. Next key pollutant is mercury due to extensive use of mercury in gold ore for separation of gold. Although mercury was banned by the central government in 2008, it is illegally used everywhere.

2% 2%

Arsenic Chromium (Total) Copper 32% 43% Cyanide + mercury Lead Mercury - elemental PM 10 Radiation

9%

2% 8% 2% Key pollutants by percentage

As mentioned previously, TSIP in Mongolia focused on ASGM and the locations of investigated sites show locations of ASGM concentrated areas, where thousands of small scale miners work during the entire year. Because of country’s economic stagnation, more and more rural people are becoming ASGM and mining sites are spread to more remote locations, where there is a weak government control and enforcement.

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locations of key pollutants in Mongolia

In 2018-2019 , ESCM plans to visit the western-most provinces of Uvs, Khovd, and Bayan- ulgii and eastern most provinces of Dornod, Khentii and Sukhbaatar, where unfortunately, ASGM is spreading.

ESCM has been closely working with key Ministries and Agencies of the Government of Mongolia, which are: Ministry of Environment and Tourism, State Inspection Agency in charge of Environmental and mining legal enforcements, National Emergency Management Agency in charge of prevention and remediation in cases of mercury and cyanide contamination and the Ministry of Health for public health protection.

Within USAID supported TSIP, ESCM plans to investigate about 40 sites in the 2018-2019 period and its staffs have been working with the main government departments to make a list of potential sites to be covered within next TSIP round. In addition to toxic site

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identification, ESCM plans to start remediation work for cleaning up a chromium contaminated area, which is located next to a densely populated districts in the Mongolian capital city Ulaanbaatar.

Table 20: List of Sites Assessed in Mongolia

Site ID Site Name Key Pollutant Source of Industry Maximum Units test result MN-346 Boroo River Mercury - Mining and Ore 3,5 mg/kg elemental Processing or ppm MN-435 Ulan Bator (Ulaanbaatar) PM 10 279,0 ug/m3 MN-2557 Khongor soum Other Artisanal Mining 3250,0 ug/l or (hand mining) ppb MN-2736 Erdenet Other Mining and Ore 13,6 mg/kg Processing or ppm MN-4104 Sangiin dalai, Tuvshinshiree Mercury - Agriculture 16,4 mg/kg County elemental or ppm MN-4106 Salaagiin hudag, Mercury - Agriculture 25,9 mg/kg Tuvshinshiree County elemental or ppm MN-4127 16 th khoroo of Bayanzurkh Lead Lead - Battery 429,0 mg/kg district, Ulaanbaatar Recycling or ppm MN-4151 Genet, Khairkhandulaan Mercury - Agriculture 2,6 mg/kg County elemental or ppm MN-4155 Chavgantsiin bulag, Mercury - Artisanal Mining 0,0 mg/kg Bumbugur county, elemental (hand mining) or ppm Bayankhongor province MN-4156 Baganatiin shar tsohio, Mercury - Artisanal Mining 8,3 mg/kg Bumbugur County elemental (hand mining) or ppm MN-4157 Ovootiin amnii khudag, Mercury - Artisanal Mining 6,9 mg/kg Bumbugur county, elemental (hand mining) or ppm Bayankhongor province MN-4158 khuuvriin khudag, Bumbugur Mercury - Artisanal Mining 5,8 mg/kg county, Bayankhongor elemental (hand mining) or ppm province MN-4162 Tajgariin khudag, Buutsagaa Mercury - Agriculture 4,5 mg/kg County elemental or ppm MN-4165 Area around Tsavchir Mercury - Artisanal Mining 2,8 mg/kg Drinking Well , Buutsagaan elemental (hand mining) or ppm County MN-4166 Bortolgoi, Baatsagaan Mercury - Artisanal Mining 6,0 mg/kg

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County, Bayankhongor elemental (hand mining) or ppm Province MN-4167 Provincial waste disposal Mercury - Artisanal Mining 0,1 mg/kg site, Bayankhongor Province elemental (hand mining) or ppm MN-4176 Bumbat mine, Tuvshinshiree Radiation Mining and Ore County, Sukhbaatar Province Processing MN-4183 Guchingiin sair, Mercury - Mining and Ore 0,0 mg/kg Bayankhongor Province elemental Processing or ppm MN-5357 Tannery industry zone Chromium Tannery Operations 202,7 mg/kg (Total) or ppm MN-5402 HAMO LLC, Bornuur County, Arsenic Artisanal Mining 1197,3 mg/kg Tuv Province (hand mining) or ppm MN-5406 Numt, Bornuur county, Tuv Arsenic 347,4 mg/kg Province or ppm MN-5411 Sujigt, Bornuur County, Tuv Arsenic 1549,2 mg/kg Province or ppm MN-5412 Khargana well, Bornuur Mercury - Artisanal Mining 18,0 mg/kg County, Tuv Province elemental (hand mining) or ppm MN-5450 Olon Bulgiin Salaa Arsenic 18,0 mg/kg or ppm MN-5451 Khukh sair Arsenic Artisanal Mining 33,0 mg/kg (hand mining) or ppm MN-5460 Shuvuutiin Sair-an ASGM Arsenic Artisanal Mining 3213,0 mg/kg site, Altai County of Gobi- (hand mining) or ppm Altai Province MN-5461 An ASGM site-Bayan salaa Arsenic Artisanal Mining 19,8 mg/kg (hand mining) or ppm MN-5462 An ASGM site at Mount Chromium Artisanal Mining 547,7 mg/kg Khantaishir (Total) (hand mining) or ppm MN-5464 Yusonbulag County (Boiler) Arsenic 28,7 mg/kg or ppm MN-5465 Gold ore milling facility-1 Lead Mining and Ore 85605,2 mg/kg (owner Lhagvadorj) Processing or ppm MN-5470 Gold ore milling facility - 2 Lead Mining and Ore 43361,6 mg/kg (Owner Tserenpuntsag) Processing or ppm MN-5471 Gold ore milling facility-3, Arsenic Mining and Ore 1963,1 mg/kg Yusonbulag County Processing or ppm MN-5472 Gold ore milling facility-4, Arsenic Mining and Ore 255,0 mg/kg Yusonbulag county Processing or ppm MN-5514 Bayankhongor County Chromium Multiple Diverse 105,1 mg/kg (Total) Industries or ppm

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MN-5515 Altan us (Bayan-ovoo, Arsenic Artisanal Mining 75,8 mg/kg Bayankhongor) (hand mining) or ppm MN-5516 Galuut County Arsenic Artisanal Mining 17,0 mg/kg (Bayankhongor Province) (hand mining) or ppm MN-5517 Jargalant County Arsenic 13,0 mg/kg (Bayankhongor Province) or ppm MN-5518 Khatavchiin Ulaan Chromium Artisanal Mining 133,4 mg/kg (Bumbugur county, (Total) (hand mining) or ppm Bayankhongor Province) MN-5722 Khailaast Chromium Artisanal Mining 181,0 mg/kg (Total) (hand mining) or ppm MN-5744 Orkhontuul county, Selenge Arsenic 24,5 mg/kg province or ppm MN-5745 Rashaant Arsenic 588,0 mg/kg or ppm MN-5746 Sumber county, Tuv province Arsenic 5688,6 mg/kg or ppm MN-5747 Soil pollution in Bayangol Arsenic Artisanal Mining 606,0 mg/kg county (hand mining) or ppm MN-5748 polluted spots in Mandal Arsenic 14,8 mg/kg county, Selenge province or ppm MN-5853 Large spill s ite of Used Arsenic 10,0 mg/kg engine or ppm MN-5854 An ASGM site in Tsogt Ovoo, Arsenic Artisanal Mining 29,6 mg/kg South Gobi (hand mining) or ppm MN-5855 Khartolgoi- ASGM site Arsenic Artisanal Mining 361,9 mg/kg (hand mining) or ppm MN-5856 Tavan tolgoi mining site, Arsenic Mining and Ore 34,2 mg/kg Omnogovi, Mongolia Processing or ppm

LESSONS LEARNED

Challenges

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At national level, government agencies are rather distant, and reluctant to communicate with NGOs. More proactive and repetitive actions through presenting ESCM/TSIP results at national conferences/seminars are one of ways for getting attention. The other way is to translate/present/disseminate global reports/promotional materials like the Lancet and GAHP reports.

It is possible that an HPAP may be beneficial in this context.

Cooperation with health professionals is still weak at ESCM. Co-working with health professional at a pollution site may produce more effective/useful reports for follow up actions.

Finally, ESCM has made a serious effort to establish and run a website for info sharing since 2015, but there are fewer users than we expected. The main mistake was focuing on making the data available for download and use. Broader descriptions of the data are needed. Also, more creative approaches are needed to gage interest in the data in the first place.

Recommendations

Pure Earth and ESCM are in the process of establishing a contract supported by USAID on continuing and expanding TSIP activities in other regions of Mongolia for the 2019-2021 period.

Within this contract, ESCM plans to visit remote Provinces, where the are artisanal mining activities are expanding and where there is potential of illegal use of mercury.

ESCM plans to improve its communication strategy towards Central government so that national government agencies are more likely to trust, widely use and cite TSIP local reports/data. That includes the following activities: • Introduce TSIP actions at High Political meetings for incorporating into National policy actions; • Improve public awareness on already completed actions and for TSIP workshops • Make the TSIP website available in the Mongolian language, so it can be access by government/NGOs for further application • Prepare and complete a remediation project in 2019. This will ensure Pure Earth and ESCM are seen as major actors in this sector by the Mongolian government and civil society organizations. Currently, there are many polluted sites are reported in Mongolia, but as of yet, no successful remediation action has taken place.

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