German Historical Institute London Bulletin Volume XXX, No. 1 May 2008 CONTENTS Preface 3 In Memory of Timothy Reuter 4 Article The Kidnapped King: Richard I in Germany, 1192–1194 (John Gillingham) 5 Review Article Situating German Orientalist Scholarship: Edward Said, Orientalism, and the German Predicament (Indra Sengupta) 35 Book Reviews Hans-Henning Kortüm (ed.) Transcultural Wars from the Middle Ages to the Twenty-First Century (Jan Willem Honig) 54 Samuel K. Cohn, Jr., Lust for Liberty. The Politics of Social Revolt in Medi eval Europe, 1200–1425: Italy, France and Flanders (Knut Schulz) 59 Heinz Schilling, Konfessionalisierung und Staatsinteressen: Inter- nationale Beziehungen 1559–1660 (Peter H. Wilson) 63 Andrew Thompson, Britain, Hanover and the Protestant Interest, 1688–1756 (Alexander Schunka) 66 Carsten Kretschmann, Räume öffnen sich: Naturhistorische Mu - seen im Deutschland des 19. Jahrhunderts (Bernhard Rieger) 73 (cont.) Contents Shulamit Volkov, Germans, Jews, and Antisemites: Trials in Eman ci pation (Ulrich Sieg) 77 Magnus Brechtken, Scharnierzeit 1895–1907: Persönlichkeitsnetze und internationale Politik in den deutsch-britisch-amerikanischen Beziehungen vor dem Ersten Weltkrieg (Holger Afflerbach) 82 Frank McDonough, The Conservative Party and Anglo-German Relations, 1905–1914; John Ramsden, Don’t Mention the War: The British and the Germans since 1890 (Dominik Geppert) 85 Roland Hill, A Time Out of Joint: A Journey from Nazi Germany to Post-War Britain (Peter Alter) 92 Conference Reports Germany 1930–1990: Structures, Lived Experiences, and His- torical Representations (Julia Riddiford) 96 Anglo-German Mythologies in Literature, the Visual Arts and Cultural Theory (Angus Nicholls) 104 Partisan and Anti-Partisan Warfare in German-Occupied Europe, 1939–1945 (Ben Shepherd) 106 National Traditions or International Trends? Reconsidering the Fifties and Sixties as an Orientation Period in West Germany (Friedrich Kießling and Bernhard Rieger) 109 Sixth Workshop on Early Modern Central European History (Michael Schaich) 115 Noticeboard 120 Library News Recent Acquisitions 140 2 PREFACE This year the German Historical Institute London Bulletin is appearing in a new cover. To mark the publication of volume thirty of the Institute’s house journal, the editorial committee felt that it was time both to modernize its appearance and to revise some of the tradi- tional content. Visitors are making increasing use of electronic means to access information about the events arranged by the Institute. In response, we have set up an electronic newsletter that allows us to keep sub- scribers up to date about the Institute’s programme easily and cheap- ly. Announcements in the GHIL Bulletin, by contrast, were often out of date by the time they reached readers. In future, therefore, we will not be publishing Seminar and Lecture programmes in the Bulletin, and encourage all those who are interested in the events arranged by the Institute to register for our newsletter, via our website, at <http://www.ghil.ac.uk/ghil_newsletter.html>. Seminar programmes are also still posted out. The tried and tested, however, will be retained. The GHIL Bulletin will therefore continue to publish important articles and, above all, book reviews and research reports. It also seemed sensible to keep the section on conference reports. The editors of the GHIL Bulletin hope that readers will like the new look, and that the contents will continue to provide interesting reading. Andreas Gestrich 3 IN MEMORY OF TIMOTHY REUTER John Gillingham’s article is dedicated to the memory of Timothy Reuter (1947–2002), whose extensive library, given to the GHIL by Tim Reuter’s widow, Georgina, in 2003, is certainly one of the most extensive single donations the Institute’s Library has so far received. Using his books, we are reminded of a scholar who like few before or since has managed to serve two scholarly communities, that of England and that of Germany, with equal dedication and enthusi- asm; he is now sadly missed by both. Timothy Reuter’s achievements as a historian are almost too many to count. A member of the prestigious Monumenta Germaniae Historica in Munich for twelve years, he had an unrivalled knowledge of German medieval history and of the endeavours and achieve ments of Germany’s thriving scholarly community, which he never tired of translating into English and discussing abroad. All the while he pub- lished widely and profusely on all aspects of medieval life, politics, and thought, achieving defining breakthroughs in the fields of medieval politics, symbolic communication, and comparative European historiography. His five-volume concordance to the Decretum Gratianum, which he co-authored with Gabriel Silagi, is still unrivalled, as is his seminal textbook, Germany in the Middle Ages, published in 1991. He was the editor of the series Oxford Medieval Texts and, more recently, had taken upon himself the monumental task of supervising the publication of volume three of the new Cambridge Medieval History. The son of a German-born father and an English mother, Timothy Reuter was a mediator and communicator between German and British scholars, a role that he fulfilled even after he left Munich to take up academic positions first in Exeter and then in Southampton. Thanks to him, the GHIL now possesses an excellent reference library on medieval European history that can be, and is, consulted by German and English scholars and students alike as, one may assume, he would have wished. Jochen Schenk (GHIL) 4 ARTICLE THE KIDNAPPED KING: RICHARD I IN GERMANY, 1192–1194 John Gillingham In 1193 the rulers of Germany and England met for the first time in history. Their meeting offers an appropriate subject for a talk in memory of Tim Reuter, whose death in 2002 cut sadly short the life and career of the scholar who, choosing to work in both England and Germany, did more than any other twentieth-century English medieval historian to bridge the divides between Anglophone and German scholarship.1 Or does it? After all, that first meeting was hardly a propitious one. The king of England, Richard I, returning from crusade, had been seized by the duke of Austria near Vienna in December 1192 and then handed over to Emperor Henry VI.2 A con- temporary illustration of the meeting shows Richard lying on the ground, kissing the emperor’s feet in a ceremony of submission.3 Whether or not he had to endure quite so humiliating a ceremony, there is no doubt that he was subsequently kept a prisoner in Germany for more than a year. Not until February 1194, when he did This article is based on a lecture given at the GHIL on 15 Feb. 2007 in mem- ory of Tim Reuter. 1 See the editor’s introduction to Timothy Reuter, Medieval Polities and Modern Mentalities, ed. Janet L. Nelson (Cambridge, 2006), pp. xiii–xix. 2 Stephen Langton, later archbishop of Canterbury, but at the time teaching in Paris, thought that Richard was being punished for the sins of his father: ‘Ita his diebus quod in quodam magno rege captivato peccata patris eius vin- dicentur.’ Cited in Philippe Buc, L’ambiguité du livre: prince, pouvoir, et peuple dans les commentaires de la Bible au Moyen Age (Paris, 1994), 62. 3 Reproduced in Theo Kölzer and Marlis Stähli, Petrus de Ebulo, Liber ad hon- orem Augusti sive de rebus Siculis. Codex 120 II der Burgerbibliothek Bern: Eine Bilderchronik der Stauferzeit (Sigmaringen, 1994), 171. 5 Article homage to Henry and a king’s ransom had been paid, was he released.4 The German chronicler, Otto of St Blasien, wrote: ‘I prefer not to give the exact weight [of gold and silver] that he paid because if I did, it would be thought incredible and I would be accused of lying’.5 Hardly surprising that it would be almost 150 years before another king of England, Edward III in 1338, visited Germany. On the other hand, the subject of Richard I in Germany is one which can readily be related to two of Tim’s own principal fields of interest: in the first place, political structures and the conventions which shaped political action, the rules of the game (in Gerd Althoff’s phrase, ‘die Spielregeln der Politik im Mittelalter’); in the second place, Tim’s hope that we English might become more German. Rather than repeat what he called ‘one of the standard tropes of Eng - lish medi evalists: narrative sources unreliable, back to the archives’, we should stop treating ‘literary texts as low-grade archives which can be mined for “facts” ’, and instead follow our Continental colleagues in paying more attention to what such sources can tell us about the atti- tudes and political values of the time.6 In this case, by paying close attention to what contemporary and near-contemporary narrative sources, chiefly German and English but also Italian and French, have to say about Richard’s captivity—and to what they do not say—we may be able to answer some fairly precisely formulated questions about the rules of the game. Did Duke Leopold VI of Austria and Henry VI play within the rules? What was the place of notions of hon- our within those rules? Whose rules were they anyway? As Tim himself pointed out in his inaugural lecture when appointed to the chair of medieval history at Southampton Uni ver - sity, the events of the 1190s used to loom large in traditional German 4 ‘Richard’s imprisonment had much in common with the modern kidnap- ping of wealthy businessmen to raise money.’ Jean Dunbabin, Captivity and Imprisonment in Medieval Europe 1000–1300 (Basingstoke, 2002), 5. 5 Franz-Josef Schmale (ed.), Die Chronik Ottos von St. Blasien und die Marbacher Annalen (Darmstadt, 1998), 112. 6 Timothy Reuter, ‘The Making of England and Germany, 850–1050: Points of Comparison and Difference’, in Alfred P.