SURVEY ON LOW CARBON IN ANNEXES

Report prepared by:

E3 Consulting Energy-Ecology-Economy

2015. Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro is conducted in July 2015 in cooperation with the Centre for sustainable development and E3 Consulting .

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Contents

Annex 1: The precise Terms of Reference ...... 2

Annex 2: Questionnaire 1 for interviewing tourists (manual for pollsters included) ...... 6

Annex 3: Basic analysis of survey among tourists – frequencies – for each question in the Questionnaire 1...... 10

Annex 4: Detail analysis of survey among tourists – cross-tabulations – for each question in the Questionnaire 1 in relation to profile variables ...... 25

Annex 5: Questionnaire 2 for interviewing travel and tourism sector representatives ...... 64

Annex 6: Manual for pollsters for interviewing travel and tourism sector representatives ...... 68

Annex 7: Basic analysis of survey among travel and tourism sector representatives – frequencies – for each question in the Questionnaire 2...... 72

Annex 8: Detail analysis of survey among travel and tourism sector representatives – cross-tabulations – for each question in the Questionnaire 2 in relation to profile variables ...... 102

Annex 9: Guidance for conducting In-depth interviews ...... 127

Annex 10: List of interviewed representatives of local and national institutions ...... 129

Annex 11: In-depth interviews with stakeholders – detailed reports from the interviews conducted with each representative of local and national institutions ...... 130

SURVEY ON LOW CARBON TOURISM IN MONTENEGRO, 2015. 1

Annex 1: The precise Terms of Reference

Terms of Reference

Survey on low carbon tourism in Montenegro

Project background

Towards Carbon Neutral Tourism project (TCNT) will adopt a comprehensive approach to minimizing the carbon footprint of Montenegro’s main and most dynamic economic sector, the tourism. Since the largest development challenge in XXI century has been a creation of climate resilient future, this project has the ultimate objective to reduce GHG emissions from Montenegro’s tourism sector by promoting country’s transition towards a carbon neutral travel & tourism, minimizing energy use and transport in and around new green-field development projects, helping tourism industry to identify and implement cost-effective mitigation options in travel and accommodation sectors, as well as introducing carbon offset scheme and other innovative financial mechanisms to compensate for the residual emissions. Further, the project will directly support four out of the seven priority areas identified by the Montenegro Strategy for Sustainable Development (MSSP), namely 1) sustainable mobility through appropriate management in transport; 2) sustainable tourism as a leading sector of the economy; 3) sustainable urban development, and 4) improved rational use of energy, increased use of energy from renewable sources.

Project “Towards Carbon Neutral Tourism” is aimed at:  Improvement of legal and regulatory framework supporting low carbon tourism, including increased certification of both existing and new tourist accommodation facilities;  Support of pilot investments in low carbon tourism;  Development of low carbon and carbon neutral transport infrastructure and permanent financing mechanism to support climate change mitigation and adaptation; as well as  Monitoring of GHG emission of the tourism sector, which will all together increase public awareness about the tourism sector’s carbon footprint, and in a long run positively influence this major sector of Montenegrin economy.

Objectives of the provided services

The basic aim of the research is to undertake a survey on low carbon tourism in Montenegro by targeting four target groups: visiting tourists; relevant central & local authorities; the travel and tourism sector; and relevant NGO (CSO) sector organizations. More specifically, the research should be focused on developing insights into:  Awareness levels of, and attitudes towards low carbon growth, general knowledge about low carbon services and products throughout the travel and tourism supply chain;  Existing low carbon travel and tourism products and services offered in Montenegro;  Extent to which travel and tourism firms and organizations are using mitigation measures for decreasing CO2 emissions;  Use of and knowledge about eco-labelling schemes; and  Identification of barriers within the above mentioned groups against using or providing low carbon tourism products and services;  Identification of existing actions in offsetting travel and tourism carbon footprint, and creating the environment for low carbon tourism development.

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Scope of the work

The company is expected to:

I. Analyze the level of awareness, general knowledge and preferences of the visiting tourists in terms of the:  Low carbon tourism concept, products and services (e.g. sustainable means of transport, ecofriendly accommodation facilitates, applying of environmental standards, complementary tourism products);  Eco-certification standards in accommodation sector and tourism offer chain;  Their own carbon footprint and carbon offsetting;  Availability of low/no carbon tourist products and services in Montenegro. In addition,  Level of use of public and non-motorized transport by tourists;  Readiness to pay more for services that might help to offset their own environmental impacts, including similar experiences from another destinations;  Specify the optimum methods for disseminating information on the indicated issues through the media (e.g. via internet, handbooks and other publications, by media appearances, etc.), depending on how the visitors get the information most frequently.

II. Analyze the level of awareness, general knowledge, level of development and preferences of the tourism industry in terms of:  Low carbon tourism concept, products and services,  Carbon offset and carbon footprint on tourism,  Benefits of voluntary/carbon offset schemes and integration in to Montenegro tourism related booking systems from transport, accommodation,  Legal requirements in terms of investing in low carbon infrastructure (e.g. energy efficiency, resources management)  Impacts and interactions between tourism sector and climate change and their interconnections (contribution of the tourism development to the climate change and impacts of the climate change to the tourism sector).

Special attention should be paid to the information on level of readiness and under which conditions and circumstances tourism industry representatives are ready to:  Invest in development of low carbon/carbon neutral tourism services and products in order to attract specific tourism markets and generate income in long term;  Invest in measures and activities related to decrease of their carbon footprint;  Apply innovative management practices (e.g. corporate social responsibility, ISO, EMAS);  Apply Eco-certification standards as standards of business operating and “selling point”;  Apply mandatory vs. voluntary carbon offsets;  Industry perspectives on carbon-offset programs;  Educate on climate changes and tourism.

III. Analyze the level of awareness, general knowledge and preferences of public institutions and CSO (central & local authorities; NGO, academia) in terms of:  Carbon offset and carbon footprint on tourism;  Preconditions for integration of low carbon tourism concept in strategic and legislative system in Montenegro;  Benefits of establishing a National Climate Touristic Fund and finance mechanisms to support low carbon tourism;

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 Benefits of voluntary/carbon offset schemes and integration in to Montenegro tourism related booking systems from transport, accommodation;  Eco-certification standards and their preferences towards future activities in promotion and larger integration of these standards in everyday activities;  Availability of low/no carbon tourist products and services in Montenegro;  Act as industry ‘champions’ in promoting climate change-tourism responses through knowledge exchange and education.

Additionally, the survey should provide insights and information on:  Decision making processes and response mechanisms to the tourism sector demands (example for low carbon tourism);  The extent to which legal frameworks are sympathetically interpreted or simply applied without flexibility;  Systems for and perceptions of success in monitoring and enforcing existing laws aimed at greening the tourism industry;  How the existing systems of financial penalties work and if the funds collected are used in specific ways towards greening the industry  Role of CSOs in low carbon tourism development (e.g. advocacy, public consultations, expertise, monitoring).

The survey and related analysis should provide information on the relationships between objectives covered by the survey and general socio-economic and psychographic profile of Group I-visitors (baseline data about education level, employment, age, gender, living standard, country of origin, motivation for visits, accommodation preferences, booking preferences, frequency of visits, visit duration, mode of transport in inbound/outbound travels, eco- sensitivity, money spent for visits, and other socio-economic variables), as well as all other comparative data (such as visitor activity and green actions) that can be analyzed in order to identify whether any interesting trends emerge between regions, gender, income groups, types of visitors, and activities.

Also, the survey and related analysis should provide information on the relationships between objectives covered by survey and profile of Group II (concerning category, services offered, customers’ profiles, distribution channels, concerning size of organization, geographic area), as well as objectives of survey and group III (concerning experience, gender, decision making level, etc. ).

The final report should provide conclusions of all analysis: a partial conclusion of the survey for each target group, as well as a general conclusion about interaction between them in order to initiate establishment of national processes and procedures related to the low carbon tourism.

In order to meet these goals, related survey will be conducted among three target groups: Group I: Visiting tourists, Group II: Tourism industry, Group III: Relevant local & central authorities and CSO.

Group I would include the development of an appropriate research instrument to sample 1000 visitors in 6 coastal areas (, , , , Bar, ) and .

Group II would include 100 companies from the travel and tourism sector in target municipalities.

The survey of these two groups should be based on separate questionnaires for tourists and the tourism industry prepared and designed by the selected Contractual Company. The questionnaire aimed to target group I should be created in four languages: Montenegrin, English, Russian, and Albanian.

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Group III would include 20 organizations/institutions (representatives of municipalities, ministries, national and local touristic organizations, stakeholders in spatial planning processes, NGOs) in above-mentioned municipalities. For this group 20 in-depth interviews shall be organized.

The research should also include 3 focus groups consisting of representatives from tourism industry, relevant central and local authorities, and representatives of CSO.

The research shall focus on the following:

Deliverables

Phase I: Work plan and methodologies; Justification and explanation of sample design, sample unit, sample size, sampling method, precision measuring, weighing of the factors used while performing the analysis; Draft pilot questionnaires for target groups I and II; Proposal and justification of participants for the focus groups; Proposal and justification of respondents for in-depth interviews; Sample discussion points for focus groups, sample questions for in-depth interview.

Phase II Completed questionnaires in hard copy; Data entry (excel file) and Data Coding Manual; SPSS/Stata data files (on a CD or suitable USB device) containing raw survey data, and a report with a description of survey characteristics (sample size, sample design, timing plan, geographical coverage, weighing, etc.); Draft report on focus groups results and conclusions; Draft report on in-depth interviews results; Report regarding data processing with included preliminary data analysis.

Phase III Final Report.

Planned realization dynamics of the defined tasks:

Tasks Date of execution Result 1.: Work plan, sample (report with included written explanation of: sample design, sample unit, sample size, 30 days after the Contract sampling method, precision measuring, weighing of the has been signed factors used while performing the analysis) ; and questionnaires developed, submitted and approved by UNDP. Result 2.: Field survey conducted, and draft analysis 60 days after the Contract submitted to UNDP with report regarding Data processing has been signed and Preliminary data analysis. Result 3.: Submission of the final Study with report regarding 90 days after the Contract focus groups and in-depth interview included. has been signed

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Annex 2: Questionnaire 1 for interviewing tourists (manual for pollsters included)

Name/Surname of the surveyor: Municipality: Location: Tourists’ country of origin: Date:

Part 1: Holiday Behavior

1. How often you usually go on holiday? 4. How do you choose a location where to go on holiday? 1. Once a year Note: Possibility to provide multiple answers. 2. Twice a year 3. Three times per year 1. From the Internet 4. Four times per year 2. From friends and relatives 5. Five times per year 3. From media 6. More than five times per year 4. From books and guides 5. On fairs and exhibitions 2. Do you go on summer holidays every year? 6. Other, Please state 1. Yes 2. No ______3. For how long you are planning to be on summer holiday this 5. How are your holidays organized? year? 1. Independently 1. Up to 1 week 2. Independently with organized tours 2. 1-2 weeks 3. Non-profit group organized tours 3. 2-3 weeks 4. Tour Operator 4. 3-4weeks 5. Travel agent 5. More than 4 weeks 6. Other, Please state 6. Other, Please specify

______

6. On a scale from 1 to 10 please indicate (mark with X) how important to you are following aspects when choosing a holiday destination? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Not important Extremely at all important Climate/weather Eating and drinking Quality of swimming water and beaches Quality of accommodation Opportunity for adventure and discovery Number of tourist attractions Presence of areas of natural beauty Nightlife Availability of sports facilities Hospitality of inhabitants Cost of living in the country Price of transportation to destination Can be reached by your favorite means of travel Public transport in the country of destination Quality of the road network Medical facilities Political situation General sense of safety

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Part 2: Visiting Montenegro

7. Is this your first time to visit Montenegro? 12. How much you spend on food and drinks per day? 1. Yes 1. Up to 10 EUR 2. No (please state how many times you have visited Montenegro 2. 10-30 EUR before) 3. 30-50 EUR 4. 50-100 EUR ______5. More than 100 EUR

8. Why did you choose Montenegro as a destination for holidays? 13. What means of transportation you use to travel around Note: Possibility to provide multiple answers. Montenegro? Note: Possibility to provide multiple answers. 1. Pure nature 2. Quality of accommodation 1. Own car 3. Quality of food 2. Rent-a-car 4. Good prices 3. Motorbike 5. Tourism facilities 4. Boat 6. Quality of service 5. Train 7. Other, Please state 6. Bus ______7. Don’t travel around 8. Other: 9. Which type of transportation you used when traveled to ______Montenegro? Note: Please provide one answer. 14. Who is accompanying you on your current visit? 1. No one 1. By plane 2. Spouse/partner 2. Own car 3. Family and/or relatives (How many children under the age of 15 3. Rent-a-car are accompanying you? ______) 4. Motorbike 4. Friends 5. Boat 5. Coworkers or business partners 6. Train 6. Other, who 7. Bus 8. Other, Please specify ______15. What activities you plan to do during your holiday in 10. In what kind of accommodation you stay while in Montenegro? Montenegro? Note: Possibility to provide multiple answers. 1. Hotel Mark with X 2. Hotel-apartment Sunbathing 3. Boarding-house Swimming 4. Motel Cruising 5. Tourist settlement Eco tours 6. Tourist apartment Cycling 7. Overnight accommodation Kayaking 8. Private households (renting rooms) Horse riding 9. Inns Paragliding 10. Health spa Kite surfing 11. Mountain huts and lodges Enjoying adventure tourism 12. Workers' hostels Sports and recreation 13. Children and youth hostels Visiting national parks 14. Camping sites Visiting historical places 15. Sleeping cars Other, Please specify 16. Other, please specify ______

11. What were your personal costs for accommodation in Montenegro per person per day? 16. Do you think that environmental protection is on a 1. Up to 10 EUR satisfactory level in Montenegro? 2. 10-30 EUR 1. Yes 3. 30-50 EUR 2. No, why? 4. 50-100 EUR 5. More than 100 EUR ______

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Part 3: Nature-friendly tourism

17. To what degree do you consider yourself to behave on 26. To what extent this summer holiday in Montenegro is based environmentally conscious way? on contact with nature? 1. Very much 1. Not at all 2. Quite a lot 2. To some extent 3. A little 3. Mainly 4. Not at all 4. Completely

18. Have you ever heard about nature friendly tourism holiday? 27. Do you think you are well informed about the nature friendly 1. Yes tourism in Montenegro? 2. No 1. Yes 2. No 19. Have you ever been on nature friendly tourism holiday? 1. Yes 28. Do you do things to reduce the use of natural resources and 2. No Go to question 25. energy on your holiday? 1. Yes 20. How did you firstly hear about nature friendly tourism 2. No Go to question 30. holidays? Note: Possibility to provide multiple answers. 29. Which activities you use in order to reduce use of natural 1. Internet resources while in Montenegro?

2. Magazines/Books Note: Possibility to provide multiple answers. 3. Friends/Relatives 4. TV 1. Take a quick shower instead of a bath (saving water) 5. Other, Please state 2. Re-use towels ______3. Switch off lights when leaving room/apartment 4. Switch off air conditioning when out 21. In general what do you seek the most when on nature 5. Use local bus service friendly tourism holiday? 6. Hire a bike Note: Please state your 3 most important reasons. 7. Walk

8. Other, please state 1. Visiting un-crowded destinations ______2. Experiencing remote and unspoiled nature 3. Increasing knowledge of wildlife 30. Are you planning to visit Montenegro again within the next 4. Interacting with native people five years? 5. Supporting economic benefits to local communities 1. Yes 6. See unusual plants and animals 2. No 7. I don’t seek for eco-tourism holiday at all 8. Other, Please state 31. How important do you think nature friendly tourism is likely ______to be for the future?

22. Who do you usually travel with on nature friendly tourism 1. Very important 2. Important holiday? 3. Quite important 1. Alone 4. Not very 2. Family 5. None at all 3. Friend/s 4. Business/Colleagues

5. Part of an organized group

23. How is your nature friendly tourism holidays organized? 1. Independently Part 4: Low - carbon tourism 2. Independently with organized tours 3. Non-profit group organized tours 32. Which of the following statements best describes what low 4. Tour Operator carbon tourism is? 5. Travel agent Note: Please select one answer.

24. How much do you spend on nature friendly tourism holiday 1. An economic growth pattern under the guidance of the concept of approximately? sustainable development 1. Up to 500 EUR 2. Measure to decrease CO2 emissions in the atmosphere 2. 500 EUR - 1,000 EUR 3. Ecological footprint 3. 1,000 EUR - 1,500 EUR 4. Decreasing human impact on nature 4. 1,500 EUR - 2,000 EUR 5. Other, Please state 5. More than 2,000 EUR ______

25. To what extent in average are your summer holidays based on contact with nature? 33. Are you interested to decrease your impact on nature 1. Not at all through the low carbon tourism? 2. To some extent 1. Yes 3. Mainly 2. No

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34. How you define what carbon footprint is? Note: Select one answer. 1. Decreasing CO2 emissions in land transport 2. Decreasing CO2 emissions in air transport 3. Decreasing CO2 emissions in water transport 42. Level of Education 4. The total sets of greenhouse gas emissions caused by an organization, 1. Primary school event, product or person. 2. High school 5. Decreasing CO2 emissions in accommodation 3. Higher education 6. Decreasing CO2 emissions in tourism activities 4. Faculty (Bachelor Degree) 7. Don’t know 5. Postgraduate studies (Master Degree) 8. Other, Please state 6. Doctoral studies (PhD) ______35. Have you ever calculated your carbon footprint? 43. Employment status 1. Yes Go to question 38. 1. Employed fulltime 2. No 2. Employed part time 3. Self-employed 36. Would you be interested in calculating your carbon footprint? 4. Student 1. Yes 5. Retired 2. No Go to question 38. 6. Homemaker 7. Unemployed 37. How much are you willing to pay for that on annual basis? 8. Other, please specify 1. Up to 10 EUR ______2. From 10 to 50 EUR 3. From 50 to 100 EUR 44. What is your basic source of income? 4. More than 100 EUR 1. Salary 2. Pension 38. Would you pay more for your vacation if it will fund low 3. Social help carbon projects in Montenegro? 4. Other, please specify 1. Yes 2. No ______Part 5: Socio-economic characteristics 45. What is your average annual income? 39. Gender 1. Up to 10,000EUR 1. Male 2. 10,000 EUR - 20,000 EUR 2. Female 3. 20,000 EUR - 30,000 EUR 4. 30,000 EUR - 40,000 EUR 40. Respondents’ age ______5. 40,000 EUR - 50,000 EUR 6. 50,000 EUR - 60,000 EUR

7. More than 60,000 EUR 41. Marital Status 1. Married 2. Cohabiting 3. Single 4. Divorced 5. Widow GUIDE FOR INTERVIEWERS The Questionnaire Project Title: Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro, LCT 2015 Domestic tourists – from Montenegro Project Activity: Interviewing legal entities and individuals – tourists in 7 Foreign tourists – from , Rusia and other European countries municipalities (Herceg Novi, Tivat, Kotor, Budva, Bar, Ulcinj and Cetinje) About the Survey: The Survey is related to reduce GHG emissions in Montenegrin Question 15: Adventure tourism is a type of niche tourism involving exploration tourism sector. the Survey aims to find out what is the familiarity of tourists and local or travel to remote areas, where the traveler should expect the unexpected. entrepreneurs in the tourism sector about eco-tourism and offer, as well as to inform them about and to open up space to begin the implementation of this kind of work. Question 19: Nature-friendly Tourism or Eco-Tourism is "responsible travel to Who is conducting the Survey: UNDP, the Centre for Sustainable Development natural areas that conserves the environment, sustains the well-being of the local engaged the E3 Consulting Company from Podgorica to conduct a comprehensive people, and involves interpretation and education". Survey on the impact of carbon dioxide, in order to its minimization in the tourism sector in Montenegro. Question 32: Low-carbon tourism with reduced emission of harmful gases, The Sample: The study includes 100 legal entities and 1,000 tourists / visitors from six primarily carbon dioxide in all aspects of tourism: accommodation, food coastal municipalities (Herceg Novi, Tivat, Kotor, Budva, Bar and Ulcinj) and Cetinje. production, transport and offering, transportation and other. Respondents must be adults, older than 18 years. General suggestions Question 35: Carbon footprint is a metaphor and an acronym to describe the best Preconditions for well completed questionnaire / precondition for the interviewer estimate we can get for the full influence of something on climate change, in this payment: case tourism. As a rule, the carbon footprint is calculated by assessing, not only 1. The questionnaires must be completed entirely. carbon dioxide that observed activity generate and absorb, but also all other 2. Special attention should be given to balanced representation in gender of emissions of greenhouse gases within a certain time period. The most common tourists – male and female. time period for calculating carbon footprint is one year. 3. Each questionnaire to contains filled the header-town and location, and tourists’ country of origin. Question 45: If the respondent does not have any personal income, it should be Half / partially completed questionnaire will not be counted as valid and will not be stated household income. taken into account for payment. SURVEY ON LOW CARBON TOURISM IN MONTENEGRO, 2015. 9

Annex 3: Basic analysis of survey among tourists – frequencies – for each question in the Questionnaire 1

General – Sample

Municipality Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Bar 96 9.6 9.6 9.6 Budva 406 40.6 40.6 50.2 Cetinje 32 3.2 3.2 53.4 Herceg Novi 233 23.3 23.3 76.7 Kotor 38 3.8 3.8 80.5 Tivat 47 4.7 4.7 85.2 Ulcinj 148 14.8 14.8 100.0 Total 1000 100.0 100.0

Tourists' country of origin Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Albania 14 1.4 1.4 1.4 Montenegro 500 50 50 51.4 Other European Countries 145 14.5 14.5 65.9 Region 215 21.5 21.5 87.4 105 10.5 10.5 97.9 The rest of the world 21 2.1 2.1 100 Total 1000 100 100

Tourists’ country of origin Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Albania 14 1.4 1.4 1.4 Australia 5 .5 .5 1.9 Austria 1 .1 .1 2.0 49 4.9 4.9 6.9 Bulgaria 3 .3 .3 7.2 Canada 4 .4 .4 7.6 Colombia 1 .1 .1 7.7 17 1.7 1.7 9.4 Czech Republic 1 .1 .1 9.5 Denmark 5 .5 .5 10.0 England 5 .5 .5 10.5 15 1.5 1.5 12.0 FYR of Macedonia 18 1.8 1.8 13.8 22 2.2 2.2 16.0 Great Britain 12 1.2 1.2 17.2 Holland 1 .1 .1 17.3 9 .9 .9 18.2 Ireland 1 .1 .1 18.3 2 .2 .2 18.5 16 1.6 1.6 20.1 Kazakhstan 2 .2 .2 20.3 10 1.0 1.0 21.3 Moldova 1 .1 .1 21.4 Montenegro 500 50.0 50.0 71.4 Netherlands 3 .3 .3 71.7 New Zealand 1 .1 .1 71.8 Norway 4 .4 .4 72.2 13 1.3 1.3 73.5

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Portugal 2 .2 .2 73.7 Romania 2 .2 .2 73.9 Russia 105 10.5 10.5 84.4 Scotland 2 .2 .2 84.6 121 12.1 12.1 96.7 Slovenia 2 .2 .2 96.9 Spain 4 .4 .4 97.3 5 .5 .5 97.8 Switzerland 4 .4 .4 98.2 8 .8 .8 99.0 4 .4 .4 99.4 United Arab Emirates 1 .1 .1 99.5 USA 5 .5 .5 100.0 Total 1000 100.0 100.0

Socio-economic characteristics of respondents

Gender Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Male 498 49.8 51.7 51.7 Female 465 46.5 48.3 100.0 Total 963 96.3 100.0 Missing System 37 3.7 Total 1000 100.0

Respondents age Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent 18 to 25 199 19.9 21.4 21.4 26 to 35 304 30.4 32.7 54.0 36 to 45 243 24.3 26.1 80.1 46 to 55 115 11.5 12.4 92.5 56 to 65 52 5.2 5.6 98.1 Over 66 18 1.8 1.9 100.0 Total 931 93.1 100.0 Missing System 69 6.9 Total 1000 100.0 Mean 35.8088

Marital Status Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Married 400 40.0 40.2 40.2 Cohabiting 176 17.6 17.7 57.9 Single 332 33.2 33.4 91.3 Divorced 67 6.7 6.7 98.1 Widow 19 1.9 1.9 100.0 Total 994 99.4 100.0 Missing System 6 .6 Total 1000 100.0

Level of Education Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Primary school 7 .7 .7 .7 High school 291 29.1 29.1 29.8 Higher education 216 21.6 21.6 51.4 Faculty (Bachelor Degree) 372 37.2 37.2 88.6 Postgraduate studies (Master Degree) 101 10.1 10.1 98.7 Doctoral studies (PhD) 13 1.3 1.3 100.0 Total 1000 100.0 100.0

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Employment status Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Employed fulltime 611 61.1 61.2 61.2 Employed part time 64 6.4 6.4 67.6 Self-employed 95 9.5 9.5 77.1 Student 88 8.8 8.8 85.9 Retired 47 4.7 4.7 90.6 Homemaker 18 1.8 1.8 92.4 Unemployed 70 7.0 7.0 99.4 Other 6 .6 .6 100.0 Total 999 99.9 100.0 Missing System 1 .1 Total 1000 100.0

Other employment status Frequency Percent Company in bankruptcy 1 16.67% Freelance work 2 33.33% Playing football 2 33.33% Seasonal work 1 16.67% Total 6 100.00%

Basic source of income Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Salary 794 79.4 80.9 80.9 Pension 54 5.4 5.5 86.4 Social help 13 1.3 1.3 87.8 Other 120 12.0 12.2 100.0 Total 981 98.1 100.0 Missing System 19 1.9 Total 1000 100.0

Other basic source of income Frequency Percent No response 1 0.83% A fee 1 0.83% Currently unemployed 1 0.83% Dependent 103 85.83% Dependent and gardening 1 0.83% Renting flats 1 0.83% Scholarship 4 3.33% Scholarship, dependent 4 3.33% Seasonal work 3 2.50% Seasonal work and dependent 1 0.83% Total 120 100.00%

Average annual income Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Up to 10,000 EUR 542 54.2 59.4 59.4 From 10,000 EUR to 20,000 EUR 180 18.0 19.7 79.2 From 20,000 EUR to 30,000 EUR 83 8.3 9.1 88.3 From 30,000 EUR to 40,000 EUR 41 4.1 4.5 92.8 From 40,000 EUR to 50,000 EUR 31 3.1 3.4 96.2 From 50,000 EUR to 60,000 EUR 24 2.4 2.6 98.8 More than 60,000 EUR 11 1.1 1.2 100.0 Total 912 91.2 100.0 Missing System 88 8.8 Total 1000 100.0

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Holiday Behavior

How often you usually go on holiday Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Once a year 417 41.7 41.8 41.8 Twice a year 368 36.8 36.9 78.7 Three times per year 142 14.2 14.2 93.0 Four times per year 41 4.1 4.1 97.1 Five times per year 12 1.2 1.2 98.3 More than five times per year 17 1.7 1.7 100.0 Total 997 99.7 100.0 Missing System 3 .3 Total 1000 100.0

Do you go on summer holidays every year Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 761 76.1 76.9 76.9 No 228 22.8 23.1 100.0 Total 989 98.9 100.0 Missing System 11 1.1 Total 1000 100.0

For how long you are planning to be on summer holiday this year Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Up to 1 week 193 19.3 19.4 19.4 From 1 to 2 weeks 466 46.6 46.8 66.2 From 2 to 3 weeks 225 22.5 22.6 88.8 From 3 to 4 weeks 50 5.0 5.0 93.9 More than 4 weeks 57 5.7 5.7 99.6 Other 4 .4 .4 100.0 Total 995 99.5 100.0 Missing System 5 .5 Total 1000 100.0

How do you choose a location where to go on holiday Percent From the Internet 41.90% From friends and relatives 67.20% From media 12.30% From books and guides 4.00% On fairs and exhibitions 2.20% Other 4.90%

How do you choose a location where to go on holiday-Specify Frequency Percent By chance 1 2% Closeness, habit 5 10% Dealers 1 2% Familiarity 2 4% Friends 1 2% Habit 5 10% Health reasons 1 2% Historical and cultural significance destinations 1 2% Least expensive 1 2% Origin 1 2% Own decision 13 27% Own house 12 24%

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Personal experience 1 2% Sea and hiking 1 2% Sea Dance Festival 1 2% Seasonal work 1 2% The simplest and cheapest option 1 2% Total 49 100%

How are your holidays organized Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Independently 769 76.9 77.4 77.4 Independently with organized tours 87 8.7 8.8 86.1 Non-profit group organized tours 13 1.3 1.3 87.4 Tour Operator 25 2.5 2.5 89.9 Travel agent 99 9.9 10.0 99.9 Other 1 .1 .1 100.0 Total 994 99.4 100.0 Missing System 6 .6 Total 1000 100.0

How are your holidays organized-Specify Frequency Percent School vacation 1 0.10% Total 1,000

How important to you are following aspects when Valid Mean Std. Deviation Minimum Maximum choosing a holiday destination Climate/weather 998 8.9379 1.55609 1.00 10.00 Eating and drinking 996 8.6426 1.70920 1.00 10.00 Quality of swimming water and beaches 995 8.8653 1.43538 1.00 10.00 Quality of accommodation 987 8.3222 1.82987 1.00 10.00 Opportunity for adventure and discovery 985 7.7218 2.45152 1.00 10.00 Number of tourist attractions 986 7.3905 2.33766 1.00 10.00 Presence of areas of natural beauty 988 7.7176 2.20532 1.00 10.00 Nightlife 988 7.2490 2.99996 1.00 10.00 Availability of sports facilities 989 6.5501 3.03201 1.00 10.00 Hospitality of inhabitants 989 8.1325 2.09193 1.00 10.00 Cost of living in the country 985 8.1695 1.99916 1.00 10.00 Price of transportation to destination 985 7.9756 2.15681 1.00 10.00 Can be reached by your favorite means of travel 992 7.5292 2.45261 1.00 10.00 Public transport in the country of destination 992 6.8780 2.74041 1.00 10.00 Quality of the road network 988 7.7196 2.33717 1.00 10.00 Medical facilities 991 8.4854 2.06254 1.00 10.00 Political situation 991 7.5308 2.97240 1.00 10.00 General sense of safety 995 9.2593 1.36833 1.00 10.00

Is this your first time to visit Montenegro Tourists from Montenegro INCLUDED Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 237 23.7 24.5 24.5 No 731 73.1 75.5 100.0 Total 968 96.8 100.0 Missing System 32 3.2 Total 1000 100.0

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Is this your first time to visit Montenegro Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Tourists from Montenegro EXCLUDED Yes 172 34.4 34.5 34.5 No 327 65.4 65.5 100.0 Total 499 99.8 100.0 Missing System 1 .2 Total 500 100.0

How many times you have visited Montenegro before Tourists from Montenegro EXCLUDED Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent No response 212 42.4 42.4 42.4 1 11 2.2 2.2 44.6 10 19 3.8 3.8 48.4 100 1 .2 .2 48.6 11 4 .8 .8 49.4 12 4 .8 .8 50.2 14 2 .4 .4 50.6 15 6 1.2 1.2 51.8 17 1 .2 .2 52.0 19 1 .2 .2 52.2 2 52 10.4 10.4 62.6 20 13 2.6 2.6 65.2 25 3 .6 .6 65.8 3 49 9.8 9.8 75.6 30 5 1.0 1.0 76.6 39 1 .2 .2 76.8 4 26 5.2 5.2 82.0 5 22 4.4 4.4 86.4 50 1 .2 .2 86.6 6 14 2.8 2.8 89.4 7 5 1.0 1.0 90.4 8 8 1.6 1.6 92.0 9 1 .2 .2 92.2 More than 10 times 4 .8 .8 93.0 More than 15 times 3 .6 .6 93.6 More than 20 times 2 .4 .4 94.0 More than 7 times 3 .6 .6 94.6 Often 27 5.4 5.4 100.0 Total 500 100.0 100.0

Why did you choose Montenegro as a destination for holidays Valid Percentage Pure nature 506 50.60% Quality of accommodation 184 18.40% Quality of food 195 19.50% Good prices 394 39.40% Tourism facilities 251 25.10% Quality of service 184 18.40% Other 146 14.60% 1000

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Other reasons for choosing Montenegro as a destination for holidays Frequency Percent No response 2 1.37% Beautiful beaches 11 7.53% Closeness, habits 40 27.40% Cousin's house 7 4.79% Familiarity 3 2.05% Family 1 0.68% Family and friends 2 1.37% Favorable climate, sea, beaches, people 1 0.68% Free accommodation 5 3.42% Friends 14 9.59% Friends house 2 1.37% Historical attractions 1 0.68% Interesting offer on the Internet at any given mom 1 0.68% Living in Montenegro 4 2.74% Low costs 2 1.37% Music festivals 1 0.68% Night life 14 9.59% No other choice 1 0.68% No time for other destinations 1 0.68% Origin 1 0.68% Own house 20 13.70% Patriotism 2 1.37% Personal experience 1 0.68% Recommendation of friends 3 2.05% Relatives 1 0.68% Sea Dance Festival 2 1.37% Seasonal work at the same tima 1 0.68% The safest 1 0.68% The same language 1 0.68% Total 146 100.00%

Type of transportation used when traveled to Montenegro – Tourists from Montenegro INCLUDED Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent By plane 297 29.7 29.8 29.8 Own car 437 43.7 43.8 73.5 Rent-a-car 14 1.4 1.4 74.9 Motorbike 7 .7 .7 75.7 Boat 6 .6 .6 76.3 Train 18 1.8 1.8 78.1 Bus 217 21.7 21.7 99.8 Other 2 .2 .2 100.0 Total 998 99.8 100.0 Missing System 2 .2 Total 1000 100.0

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Which type of transportation you used when traveled to Montenegro Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Tourists from Montenegro EXCLUDED By plane 251 50.2 50.4 50.4 Own car 133 26.6 26.7 77.1 Rent-a-car 4 .8 .8 77.9 Motorbike 1 .2 .2 78.1 Boat 2 .4 .4 78.5 Train 14 2.8 2.8 81.3 Bus 93 18.6 18.7 100.0 Total 498 99.6 100.0 Missing System 2 .4 Total 500 100.0

Kind of accommodation while stay in Montenegro Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Hotel 235 23.5 23.5 23.5 Hotel-apartment 178 17.8 17.8 41.3 Boarding-house 34 3.4 3.4 44.7 Motel 10 1.0 1.0 45.7 Tourist settlement 19 1.9 1.9 47.6 Tourist apartment 69 6.9 6.9 54.6 Overnight accommodation 10 1.0 1.0 55.6 Private households (renting rooms) 344 34.4 34.4 90.0 Health spa 1 .1 .1 90.1 Workers' hostels 2 .2 .2 90.3 Camping sites 15 1.5 1.5 91.8 Other 82 8.2 8.2 100.0 Total 999 99.9 100.0 Missing System 1 .1 Total 1000 100.0

Other kinds of accommodation while stay in Montenegro Frequency Percent No response 3 3.66% Cousin's house 12 14.63% Friend's house 17 20.73% Hostel 9 10.98% Own house 41 50.00% Total 82 100.00%

Personal costs for accommodation in Montenegro per person per day Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Up to 10 EUR 287 28.7 28.8 28.8 From 10 to 30 EUR 331 33.1 33.2 62.0 From 30 to 50 EUR 224 22.4 22.5 84.5 From 50 to 100 EUR 131 13.1 13.2 97.7 More than 100 EUR 23 2.3 2.3 100.0 Total 996 99.6 100.0 Missing System 4 .4 Total 1000 100.0

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Personal costs for food and drinks per person per day Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Up to 10 EUR 135 13.5 13.5 13.5 From 10 to 30 EUR 450 45.0 45.0 58.6 From 30 to 50 EUR 281 28.1 28.1 86.7 From 50 to 100 EUR 115 11.5 11.5 98.2 More than 100 EUR 18 1.8 1.8 100.0 Total 999 99.9 100.0 Missing System 1 .1 Total 1000 100.0

Means of transportation used to travel around Montenegro Valid Percent Own car 448 44.80% Rent-a-car 230 23.00% Motorbike 21 2.10% Boat 52 5.20% Train 23 2.30% Bus 307 30.70% Don’t travel around 76 7.60% Other 7 0.70% Total 1000

Other means of transportation used to travel around Montenegro Frequency Percent Friend's car 1 14.29% Taxi 5 71.43% Walking 1 14.29% Total 7 100.00%

Who is accompanying you on your current visit Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent No one 87 8.7 8.7 8.7 Spouse/partner 304 30.4 30.4 39.1 Family and/or relatives 331 33.1 33.1 72.3 Friends 269 26.9 26.9 99.2 Coworkers or business partners 8 .8 .8 100.0 Total 999 99.9 100.0 Missing System 1 .1 Total 1000 100.0

Number of children with those accompanied with family and/or relatives on current visit Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent 1 child 86 26.0 49.1 49.1 2 children 70 21.1 40.0 89.1 3 children 16 4.8 9.1 98.3 4 children 3 .9 1.7 100.0 Total 175 52.9 100.0 Missing System 156 47.1 Total 331 100.0 Mean 1.634

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Planned activities during holiday in Montenegro Valid Percent Sunbathing 950 95.00% Swimming 978 97.80% Cruising 321 32.10% Eco tours 109 10.90% Cycling 85 8.50% Kayaking 44 4.40% Horse riding 28 2.80% Paragliding 104 10.40% Kite surfing 47 4.70% Enjoying adventure tourism 165 16.50% Sports and recreation 280 28.00% Visiting national parks 317 31.70% Visiting historical places 353 35.30% Other 14 1.40% Total 1000

Do you think that environmental protection is on a satisfactory level in Montenegro Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 754 75.4 76.3 76.3 No 234 23.4 23.7 100.0 Total 988 98.8 100.0 Missing System 12 1.2 Total 1000 100.0

Why do you think that environmental protection is NOT on a satisfactory level in Montenegro Frequency Percent Not specified 33 14.10% Coast is made of concrete 1 0.43% Could be better 6 2.56% Dirtiness, Lack of care 2 0.85% Dirtiness, waste 78 33.33% Dirtiness, waste, waste water 2 0.85% Dirty beach 7 2.99% Dirty beach, poor service 1 0.43% Dirty water 2 0.85% Don't know 6 2.56% Garbage, negligence, illegal logging, burning … 1 0.43% High gasses emission, low awareness 1 0.43% Illegal construction 5 2.14% Incompetence 12 5.13% Insufficient efforts 1 0.43% Lack of care 23 9.83% Lack of care, poor investments 1 0.43% Lack of green areas 1 0.43% Lack of interest 9 3.85% Low safety 1 0.43% Many mistakes 1 0.43% Many problems 2 0.85% No investments 9 3.85% No recycling 1 0.43% Our guests from other countries are not ecological 1 0.43% Plants and animals suffer because of frequent fire 1 0.43% Pollution 6 2.56%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Poor awareness 18 7.69% Poor laws' implementation 1 0.43% Poor water supply and roads 1 0.43% Total 234 100.00%

To what degree do you consider yourself to behave on environmentally conscious way Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Very much 293 29.3 29.4 29.4 Quite a lot 467 46.7 46.8 76.2 A little 231 23.1 23.2 99.4 Not at all 6 .6 .6 100.0 Total 997 99.7 100.0 Missing System 3 .3 Total 1000 100.0

Have you ever heard about nature friendly tourism holiday Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 633 63.3 63.3 63.3 No 367 36.7 36.7 100.0 Total 1000 100.0 100.0

Have you ever been on nature friendly tourism holiday Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 310 31.0 31.2 31.2 No 683 68.3 68.8 100.0 Total 993 99.3 100.0 Missing System 7 .7 Total 1000 100.0

Those that have been on nature friendly tourism holiday – 310 respondents:

How did you firstly hear about nature friendly tourism holidays Valid Percent Internet 181 58.39% Magazines/Books 66 21.29% Friends/Relatives 116 37.42% TV 108 34.84% Other 10 3.23% Total 310

Other source if information about nature friendly tourism holiday Frequency Percent No response 1 10.00% School 3 30.00% Surveyor 5 50.00% USA 1 10.00% Total 10 100.00%

In general what do you seek the most when on nature friendly tourism holiday Frequency Percent Visiting un-crowded destinations 189 60.97% Experiencing remote and unspoiled nature 174 56.13% Increasing knowledge of wildlife 163 52.58% Interacting with native people 104 33.55% Supporting economic benefits to local communities 86 27.74% See unusual plants and animals 125 40.32% I don’t seek for eco-tourism holiday at all 9 2.90% Other (relax and sunbathing) 1 0.32% Total 310

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Who do you usually travel with on nature friendly tourism holiday Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Alone 28 9.0 9.1 9.1 Family 151 48.7 49.0 58.1 Friend/s 115 37.1 37.3 95.5 Business/Colleagues 7 2.3 2.3 97.7 Part of an organized group 7 2.3 2.3 100.0 Total 308 99.4 100.0 Missing System 2 .6 Total 310 100.0

How is your nature friendly tourism holidays organized Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Independently 187 60.3 60.7 60.7 Independently with organized tours 49 15.8 15.9 76.6 Non-profit group organized tours 12 3.9 3.9 80.5 Tour Operator 24 7.7 7.8 88.3 Travel agent 36 11.6 11.7 100.0 Total 308 99.4 100.0

Missing System 2 .6

Total 310 100.0

How much do you spend on nature friendly tourism holiday Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent approximately Up to 500 EUR 158 51.0 51.5 51.5 From 500 EUR to 1,000 EUR 88 28.4 28.7 80.1 From 1,000 EUR to 1,500 EUR 31 10.0 10.1 90.2 From 1,500 EUR to 2,000 EUR 13 4.2 4.2 94.5 More than 2,000 EUR 17 5.5 5.5 100.0 Total 307 99.0 100.0 Missing System 3 1.0 Total 310 100.0

ALL RESPONDENTS

To what extent in average are your summer holidays Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent based on contact with nature Not at all 72 7.2 7.2 7.2 To some extent 559 55.9 56.1 63.3 Mainly 296 29.6 29.7 93.0 Completely 70 7.0 7.0 100.0 Total 997 99.7 100.0 Missing System 3 .3 Total 1000 100.0

To what extent this summer holiday in Montenegro is Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent based on contact with nature Not at all 72 7.2 7.2 7.2 To some extent 509 50.9 50.9 58.1 Mainly 349 34.9 34.9 93.0 Completely 70 7.0 7.0 100.0 Total 1000 100.0 100.0

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Do you think you are well informed about the nature Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent friendly tourism in Montenegro Yes 322 32.2 32.2 32.2 No 677 67.7 67.8 100.0 Total 999 99.9 100.0 Missing System 1 .1 Total 1000 100.0

Do you do things to reduce the use of natural resources Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent and energy on your holiday Yes 757 75.7 76.0 76.0 No 239 23.9 24.0 100.0 Total 996 99.6 100.0 Missing System 4 .4 Total 1000 100.0

Those that DO things to reduce the use of natural resources and energy on your holiday – 757 respondents:

Which activities you use in order to reduce use of natural resources while in Montenegro Frequency Percent Take a quick shower instead of a bath (saving water) 348 45.97% Re-use towels 218 28.80% Switch off lights when leaving room/apartment 661 87.32% Switch off air conditioning when out 625 82.56% Use local bus service 123 16.25% Hire a bike 103 13.61% Walk 366 48.35% Other 8 1.06% Total 757

Other activities you use in order to reduce use of natural resources while in Montenegro Frequency Percent Buying only from local suppliers 1 12.50% Do not flush toilet after urinate 1 12.50% Do not turn on air 1 12.50% Maximum water savings 2 25.00% Reducing waste and selective waste collection (plastic) 1 12.50% Selective waste collection (plastic) 1 12.50% Still learning 1 12.50% Total 8 100.00%

ALL RESPONDENTS

Are you planning to visit Montenegro again within Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent the next five years Yes 952 95.2 95.8 95.8 No 42 4.2 4.2 100.0 Total 994 99.4 100.0

Missing System 6 .6

Total 1000 100.0

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

How important do you think nature friendly tourism Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent is likely to be for the future Very important 287 28.7 28.9 28.9 Important 288 28.8 29.0 57.8 Quite important 262 26.2 26.4 84.2 Not very 129 12.9 13.0 97.2 None at all 28 2.8 2.8 100.0 Total 994 99.4 100.0 Missing System 6 .6 Total 1000 100.0

Which of the following statements best describes Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent what low carbon tourism is An economic growth pattern under the guidance of 92 9.2 9.2 9.2 the concept of sustainable development Measure to decrease CO2 emissions in the 347 34.7 34.8 44.0 atmosphere Ecological footprint 204 20.4 20.5 64.5 Decreasing human impact on nature 343 34.3 34.4 98.9 Other 11 1.1 1.1 100.0 Total 997 99.7 100.0 Missing System 3 .3 Total 1000 100.0

Other statements best describes what low carbon tourism is Frequency Percent No response 1 9.09% Don't know 10 90.91% Total 11 100.00%

Are you interested to decrease your impact on nature Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent through the low carbon tourism Yes 694 69.4 70.2 70.2 No 295 29.5 29.8 100.0 Total 989 98.9 100.0 Missing System 11 1.1 Total 1000 100.0

How you define what carbon footprint is Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Decreasing CO2 emissions in land transport 28 2.8 2.8 2.8 Decreasing CO2 emissions in air transport 62 6.2 6.2 9.0 Decreasing CO2 emissions in water transport 19 1.9 1.9 10.9 The total sets of greenhouse gas emissions caused by an 233 23.3 23.3 34.2 organization, event, product or person Decreasing CO2 emissions in accommodation 60 6.0 6.0 40.2 Decreasing CO2 emissions in tourism activities 82 8.2 8.2 48.4 Don’t know 516 51.6 51.6 100.0 Total 1000 100.0 100.0

Have you ever calculated your carbon footprint Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 22 2.2 2.2 2.2 No 978 97.8 97.8 100.0 Total 1000 100.0 100.0

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Would you be interested in calculating your carbon Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent footprint Yes 485 48.5 49.3 49.3 No 499 49.9 50.7 100.0 Total 984 98.4 100.0 Missing System 16 1.6 Total 1000 100.0

Tourists interested in in calculating your carbon footprint – 485 respondents:

How much are you willing to pay for that on annual basis Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Up to 10 EUR 285 58.8 60.1 60.1 From 10 to 50 EUR 141 29.1 29.7 89.9 From 50 to 100 EUR 39 8.0 8.2 98.1 More than 100 EUR 9 1.9 1.9 100.0 Total 474 97.7 100.0 Missing System 11 2.3 Total 485 100.0

ALL RESPONDENTS

Would you pay more for your vacation if it will fund low carbon projects in Frequen Perce Valid Cumulative Montenegro cy nt Percent Percent Yes 485 48.5 48.8 48.8 No 508 50.8 51.2 100.0 Total 993 99.3 100.0 Missing System 7 .7 Total 1000 100.0

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Annex 4: Detail analysis of survey among tourists – cross-tabulations – for each question in the Questionnaire 1 in relation to profile variables

General – Sample

Municipality Total General – Sample Herceg Bar Budva Cetinje Kotor Tivat Ulcinj Novi Male 58.3% 54.7% 34.4% 52.4% 39.5% 53.2% 45.3% 51.70% Gender Female 41.7% 45.3% 65.6% 47.6% 60.5% 46.8% 54.7% 48.30% 18 to 25 7.3% 20.9% 40.6% 24.0% 40.5% 29.8% 15.6% 21.40% 26 to 35 35.4% 31.0% 25.0% 25.8% 37.8% 40.4% 43.5% 32.70% 36 to 45 40.6% 31.6% 25.0% 18.5% 18.9% 23.4% 19.0% 26.10% Age 46 to 55 13.5% 9.7% 6.3% 21.0% 2.7% 6.4% 9.5% 12.40% 56 to 65 2.1% 5.3% 3.1% 9.4% 6.1% 5.60% Over 66 1.0% 1.5% 1.3% 6.1% 1.90% Married 59.4% 38.5% 31.3% 42.5% 26.3% 19.1% 41.2% 40.20% Cohabiting 18.8% 21.5% 25.0% 16.3% 18.4% 17.0% 7.4% 17.70% Marital Status Single 13.5% 29.8% 37.5% 36.1% 44.7% 55.3% 41.2% 33.40% Divorced 7.3% 8.3% 6.3% 3.9% 10.5% 6.4% 6.1% 6.70% Widow 1.0% 2.0% 1.3% 2.1% 4.1% 1.90% Primary school 1.0% 0.2% 0.4% 2.6% 2.0% 0.70% High school 29.2% 16.3% 21.9% 43.8% 60.5% 51.1% 27.7% 29.10% Higher education 44.8% 25.6% 9.4% 11.6% 13.2% 19.1% 16.9% 21.60% Level of Faculty (Bachelor 19.8% 45.1% 50.0% 34.8% 21.1% 25.5% 35.8% 37.20% Education Degree) Postgraduate studies 4.2% 10.6% 18.8% 8.6% 2.6% 4.3% 16.9% 10.10% (Master Degree) Doctoral studies (PhD) 1.0% 2.2% .9% .7% 1.30% Employed fulltime 55.2% 63.1% 65.6% 56.2% 71.1% 78.7% 58.5% 61.20% Employed part time 2.1% 7.4% 6.3% 4.7% 13.2% 4.3% 8.2% 6.40% Self-employed 20.8% 12.6% 3.1% 4.7% 4.3% 6.8% 9.50% Employment Student 2.1% 5.4% 15.6% 14.6% 15.8% 12.8% 8.8% 8.80% status Retired 5.2% 4.4% 6.0% 6.8% 4.70% Homemaker 4.2% 1.5% .9% 4.1% 1.80% Unemployed 10.4% 4.9% 9.4% 11.6% 6.8% 7.00% Other .7% 1.3% 0.60% Salary 89.6% 86.0% 75.0% 71.7% 94.7% 87.2% 70.9% 80.90% What is your Pension 5.2% 4.7% 7.3% 9.5% 5.50% basic source of Social help 2.1% 1.5% 3.1% 1.8% 1.30% income Other 3.1% 7.7% 21.9% 19.2% 5.3% 12.8% 19.6% 12.20% Up to 10,000 EUR 22.9% 51.3% 90.6% 74.9% 63.2% 61.7% 70.3% 59.40% 10,000 to 20,000 EUR 34.4% 29.3% 6.3% 7.3% 26.3% 8.5% 11.7% 19.70% What is your 20,000 to 30,000 EUR 11.5% 12.5% 3.1% 7.3% 10.5% 6.4% 4.1% 9.10% average annual 30,000 to 40,000 EUR 11.5% 4.2% 3.2% 6.4% 4.1% 4.50% income 40,000 to 50,000 EUR 9.4% 2.1% 1.8% 12.8% 3.4% 3.40% 50,000 to 60,000 EUR 10.4% .3% 3.7% 3.4% 2.60% More than 60,000 EUR .3% 1.8% 4.3% 2.8% 1.20%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

HOLIDAY BEHAVIOR

Municipality Bar Budva Cetinje Herceg Kotor Tivat Ulcinj HOLIDAY BEHAVIOR Novi Total

How often you Once a year 39.6% 34.2% 56.3% 52.8% 23.7% 40.4% 48.6% 41.8% usually go on Twice a year 57.3% 40.2% 37.5% 27.9% 42.1% 31.9% 29.1% 36.9% holiday 3 times per year 3.1% 19.1% 3.1% 12.0% 23.7% 14.9% 11.5% 14.2% 4 times per year 3.5% 3.4% 7.9% 12.8% 6.8% 4.1% 5 times per year 1.2% 1.3% 2.6% 2.0% 1.2% More than five 1.7% 3.1% 2.6% 2.0% 1.7% times per year Do you go on summer Yes 71.9% 77.8% 61.3% 82.0% 76.3% 70.2% 75.7% 76.9% holidays every year No 28.1% 22.2% 38.7% 18.0% 23.7% 29.8% 24.3% 23.1% For how long you Up to 1 week 8.3% 17.7% 18.8% 24.0% 15.8% 19.1% 25.0% 19.4% are planning to 1 to 2 weeks 58.3% 42.4% 59.4% 48.9% 39.5% 57.4% 43.9% 46.8% be on summer 2 to 3 weeks 28.1% 25.9% 15.6% 16.3% 36.8% 17.0% 19.6% 22.6% holiday this year 3 to 4weeks 5.2% 5.7% 6.3% 4.3% 5.3% 6.4% 3.4% 5.0% More than 4 weeks 8.0% 6.4% 6.8% 5.7% Other .2% 2.6% 1.4% .4% How are your Independently 95.7% 70.5% 78.1% 87.9% 47.4% 68.1% 78.4% 77.4% holidays Independently with 1.1% 15.9% 2.6% 10.5% 17.0% 2.7% 8.8% organized organized tours Non-profit group 1.5% 6.3% 2.6% 2.1% 2.0% 1.3% organized tours Tour Operator 3.0% 3.1% 2.6% 2.1% 3.4% 2.5% Travel agent 3.2% 8.9% 12.5% 6.9% 39.5% 10.6% 13.5% 10.0% Other .2% .1%

Municipality How do you choose a location where Herceg to go on holiday Bar Budva Cetinje Novi Kotor Tivat Ulcinj From the Internet 7.9% 41.3% 4.3% 15.5% 6.2% 5.5% 19.3% From friends and relatives 12.1% 31.0% 2.7% 28.0% 4.3% 5.7% 16.4% From media 12.2% 30.1% 2.4% 16.3% 5.7% 4.1% 29.3% From books and guides 7.5% 35.0% 15.0% 2.5% 40.0% Other 65.3% 26.5% 2.0% 6.1%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Tourists' country of origin Total Other The rest HOLIDAY BEHAVIOR Montenegro Region Russia Albania European of the Countries world How Once a year 44.2% 51.9% 18.3% 35.7% 39.6% 19.0% 41.8% often 2 times a year 34.4% 30.8% 53.8% 42.9% 40.3% 47.6% 36.9% you 3 times per year 14.6% 11.2% 23.1% 14.3% 11.1% 14.3% 14.2% usually 4 times per year 3.6% 3.7% 3.8% 5.6% 14.3% 4.1% go on 5 times per year 1.0% 1.4% 1.0% 7.1% .7% 4.8% 1.2% holiday More than 5 times per year 2.2% .9% 2.8% 1.7% Do you go on summer Yes 78.0% 79.1% 73.5% 92.9% 71.1% 76.2% 76.9% holidays every year No 22.0% 20.9% 26.5% 7.1% 28.9% 23.8% 23.1% Up to 1 week 26.4% 11.7% 9.6% 57.1% 9.9% 19.0% 19.4% For how long you From 1 to 2 weeks 44.8% 57.0% 38.5% 42.9% 45.8% 42.9% 46.8% are planning to From 2 to 3 weeks 18.6% 16.8% 40.4% 34.5% 23.8% 22.6% be on summer From 3 to 4weeks 3.4% 6.5% 9.6% 4.9% 9.5% 5.0% holiday this year More than 4 weeks 6.2% 7.9% 1.0% 4.9% 4.8% 5.7% Other .6% 1.0% .4% Independently 82.6% 85.5% 70.9% 92.9% 52.8% 57.1% 77.4% Independently with 6.6% 4.2% 16.5% 16.2% 23.8% 8.8% organized tours How are your Non-profit group 1.2% .9% 1.9% 2.1% 1.3% holidays organized tours organized Tour Operator 1.8% 2.8% 1.0% 5.6% 4.8% 2.5% Travel agent 7.8% 6.1% 9.7% 7.1% 23.2% 14.3% 10.0% Other .5% .1% From the Internet 33.7% 22.9% 16.7% 2.1% 22.2% 2.4% 100.0% From friends and 58.6% 19.9% 7.1% 1.8% 10.3% 2.2% 100.0% relatives How do you From media 43.9% 16.3% 16.3% 4.9% 15.4% 3.3% 100.0% choose a From books and 15.0% 22.5% 12.5% 2.5% 47.5% 100.0% location where guides to go on holiday On fairs and 31.8% 27.3% 9.1% 31.8% 100.0%

exhibitions Other 46.9% 44.9% 8.2% 100.0%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Employment status HOLIDAY BEHAVIOR Employed Employed Self- Homema Student Retired Unemployed Other fulltime part time employed ker 33.3 Once a year 41.2% 39.7% 31.6% 46.6% 46.8% 61.1% 48.6% % 16.7 How Twice a year 38.6% 36.5% 44.2% 35.2% 21.3% 27.8% 30.0% often % 33.3 you Three times per year 13.8% 19.0% 15.8% 8.0% 23.4% 11.1% 12.9% usually % 16.7 go on Four times per year 4.3% 1.6% 5.3% 4.5% 2.1% 4.3% holiday % Five times per year 1.1% 1.6% 1.1% 1.1% 4.3% More than five times per year 1.0% 1.6% 2.1% 4.5% 2.1% 4.3% Do you 83.3 go on Yes 77.6% 75.0% 81.7% 69.3% 78.7% 83.3% 73.9% summer % holidays 16.7 every No 22.4% 25.0% 18.3% 30.7% 21.3% 16.7% 26.1% year % For how Up to 1 week 20.3% 25.0% 12.6% 22.7% 10.6% 16.7% 20.0% 66.7 long you From 1 to 2 weeks 48.0% 37.5% 49.5% 47.7% 42.6% 61.1% 37.1% are % planning From 2 to 3 weeks 23.9% 23.4% 30.5% 13.6% 21.3% 11.1% 17.1% to be on From 3 to 4weeks 5.1% 7.8% 2.1% 3.4% 6.4% 5.6% 7.1% summer 33.3 More than 4 weeks 2.1% 6.3% 5.3% 12.5% 19.1% 18.6% holiday % this year Other .5% 5.6% Independently 58.6% 6.0% 9.4% 10.0% 4.9% 2.3% 8.1% .7% Independently with organized 70.1% 5.7% 11.5% 4.6% 4.6% 2.3% 1.1% How are tours your Non-profit group organized 61.5% 15.4% 7.7% 15.4% holidays tours organize Tour Operator 80.0% 4.0% 12.0% 4.0% d Travel agent 66.7% 10.1% 9.1% 6.1% 5.1% 3.0% Other 100.0% How do From the Internet 66.7% 6.0% 9.8% 8.4% 1.7% 1.7% 5.3% .5% you From friends and relatives 59.6% 6.0% 8.5% 10.0% 4.9% 2.1% 8.3% .6% choose a From media 60.2% 9.8% 15.4% 7.3% 2.4% 2.4% 2.4% location From books and guides 71.8% 5.1% 10.3% 7.7% 5.1% where to go on On fairs and exhibitions 36.4% 9.1% 40.9% 13.6% holiday Other 42.9% 10.2% 6.1% 10.2% 18.4% 2.0% 10.2%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

What is your average annual income More Up to 10,000 to 20,000 to 40,000 to 50,000 to HOLIDAY BEHAVIOR 30,000 to than 10,000 20,000 30,000 50,000 60,000 40,000 EUR 60,000 EUR EUR EUR EUR EUR EUR Once a year 50.1% 39.9% 20.5% 22.0% 41.9% 37.5% 45.5% Twice a year 32.3% 38.8% 42.2% 46.3% 45.2% 50.0% 36.4% Three times per 10.5% 15.2% 26.5% 19.5% 3.2% 4.2% 9.1% How often you year usually go on Four times per year 3.0% 4.5% 7.2% 12.2% 9.7% 4.2% 9.1% holiday Five times per year 1.5% 1.1% 2.4% More than five 2.6% .6% 1.2% 4.2% times per year Do you go on Yes 75.7% 80.0% 73.5% 75.6% 73.3% 58.3% 81.8% summer holidays every No 24.3% 20.0% 26.5% 24.4% 26.7% 41.7% 18.2% year Up to 1 week 26.4% 17.5% 11.0% 2.4% 9.1% For how long From 1 to 2 weeks 47.1% 51.4% 45.1% 46.3% 29.0% 20.8% 36.4% you are From 2 to 3 weeks 13.3% 22.6% 31.7% 43.9% 54.8% 66.7% 36.4% planning to be on summer From 3 to 4weeks 4.6% 4.0% 9.8% 4.9% 9.7% 8.3% 9.1% holiday this year More than 4 weeks 7.8% 4.5% 2.4% 2.4% 6.5% 4.2% 9.1% Other .7% Independently 63.1% 20.7% 7.3% 2.9% 2.8% 2.4% .8%

Independently with 48.6% 12.5% 20.8% 12.5% 2.8% 1.4% 1.4% organized tours How are your holidays Non-profit group 50.0% 25.0% 8.3% 16.7% organized organized tours Tour Operator 35.0% 10.0% 25.0% 10.0% 5.0% 5.0% 10.0% Travel agent 44.7% 18.8% 11.8% 9.4% 7.1% 5.9% 2.4% Other 100.0% From the Internet 48.8% 19.7% 11.8% 7.1% 5.0% 5.2% 2.4% From friends and 65.7% 17.3% 6.9% 3.3% 3.3% 2.8% .8% relatives How do you From media 44.2% 18.3% 14.2% 10.0% 5.0% 5.0% 3.3% choose a From books and location where 30.0% 10.0% 25.0% 15.0% 7.5% 10.0% 2.5% to go on holiday guides On fairs and 38.1% 14.3% 9.5% 14.3% 19.0% 4.8% exhibitions Other 63.8% 27.7% 4.3% 2.1% 2.1%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

How important to you are following Herceg aspects when choosing a holiday Bar Budva Cetinje Kotor Tivat Ulcinj Novi destination Climate/weather 9.4211 9.0222 8.9688 8.3090 9.6053 9.1064 9.1554 Eating and drinking 9.5158 8.8094 8.3125 7.9828 9.0526 9.0000 8.5170 Quality of swimming water and beaches 9.4632 8.8540 8.6452 8.5837 9.4737 9.4681 8.6531 Quality of accommodation 9.4632 8.4361 8.1935 7.5794 9.1053 9.1702 8.0000 Opportunity for adventure and discovery 9.3804 7.9925 7.0313 7.1078 8.7895 7.8298 6.7534 Number of tourist attractions 9.2526 7.5477 6.4516 6.5880 8.7027 8.0000 6.6966 Presence of areas of natural beauty 9.3684 7.6667 6.9375 7.0343 8.0789 8.4468 7.7153 Nightlife 9.4105 7.8300 7.0323 6.0172 8.4595 7.4894 5.8690 Availability of sports facilities 9.4000 6.9875 5.3871 5.5322 8.1351 6.9574 4.8503 Hospitality of inhabitants 9.4737 7.8869 7.6452 7.7425 8.5526 9.2553 8.1837 Cost of living in the country 9.4000 7.9091 8.0968 7.9700 9.0526 9.3617 7.7931 Price of transportation to destination 9.3895 7.6506 7.6129 7.7425 9.7568 9.0638 7.5850 Can be reached by your favorite means of 9.3684 6.9478 7.6774 7.5193 9.5263 9.4894 6.7671 travel Public transport in the country of 9.2737 6.5736 6.4194 6.4549 9.2105 9.1064 5.6122 destination Quality of the road network 9.4842 7.6175 6.8387 7.2284 9.5789 9.3617 6.8000 Medical facilities 9.5684 8.5511 8.1935 8.4292 9.5789 9.4894 7.1438 Political situation 9.3789 7.3865 7.9032 7.2232 9.6579 8.9574 6.1233 General sense of safety 9.5895 9.2228 9.3871 8.7940 9.7895 9.6383 9.5986

Tourists' country of origin The How important to you are following aspects Other rest of when choosing a holiday destination Montenegro Region Russia Albania European the Countries world Climate/weather 8.8240 8.9535 9.2308 9.2143 9.0208 9.2857 Eating and drinking 8.4128 8.8551 8.8846 8.3571 8.8958 9.1905 Quality of swimming water and beaches 8.8173 8.8645 9.0385 7.4286 8.9722 9.3810 Quality of accommodation 8.1633 8.1745 8.6827 7.3333 8.7254 9.6190 Opportunity for adventure and discovery 7.6101 7.5502 8.0485 5.9286 8.1259 8.9048 Number of tourist attractions 7.2702 6.9718 8.1442 5.9286 7.8571 8.7368 Presence of areas of natural beauty 7.6053 7.4460 8.1359 6.4286 8.1399 9.0476 Nightlife 7.1862 7.1643 7.6250 5.8571 7.2587 8.6500 Availability of sports facilities 6.2298 6.4717 7.6311 6.0714 6.7431 8.7000 Hospitality of inhabitants 7.7952 8.4057 8.4854 9.2143 8.3901 9.1905 Cost of living in the country 8.0789 8.3662 8.4020 7.8333 7.9231 9.0476 Price of transportation to destination 7.9757 8.0376 8.1346 7.7857 7.7021 8.5500 Can be reached by your favorite means of travel 7.4909 7.5775 7.9615 6.1429 7.2587 8.5714 Public transport in the country of destination 6.5553 6.6744 7.8252 6.0714 7.4366 8.7143 Quality of the road network 7.5020 7.8019 8.2981 5.7143 7.9716 8.8095 Medical facilities 8.2314 8.6150 9.3750 5.8571 8.7042 9.0476 Political situation 7.0986 7.6121 8.6893 4.3846 8.1049 9.2857 General sense of safety 9.0000 9.5234 9.5192 10.0000 9.4097 9.9048

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

How important to you are Employment status following aspects when Employed Employed Self- choosing a holiday Student Retired Homemaker Unemployed Other fulltime part time employed destination Climate/weather 9.0721 8.5000 9.1579 8.6023 8.8298 9.2778 8.3623 7.8333 Eating and drinking 8.7931 8.2188 9.0737 8.0345 8.1915 8.7222 8.2174 8.1667 Quality of swimming water 9.0000 8.5313 8.8842 8.6364 8.2766 8.9444 8.5942 9.3333 and beaches Quality of accommodation 8.5854 7.5313 8.6000 7.8023 7.2766 8.0000 7.7463 8.8333 Opportunity for adventure 7.7807 7.5556 8.0215 8.7273 5.3913 6.1765 7.6087 7.8333 and discovery Number of tourist 7.5783 6.2969 8.1158 7.3908 6.4130 6.2222 6.8116 6.6667 attractions Presence of areas of natural 7.9272 6.9683 8.2105 7.1705 7.7273 6.9444 6.8696 6.5000 beauty Nightlife 7.2819 6.8125 8.0000 8.5517 3.8444 5.7778 7.3913 7.1667 Availability of sports 6.7924 5.9531 7.4737 6.0682 4.0870 6.2778 6.1159 6.6667 facilities Hospitality of inhabitants 8.2930 7.4286 8.6105 7.5114 8.3261 8.7222 7.1471 8.6667 Cost of living in the country 8.2705 7.5156 8.3368 7.7471 8.3043 8.7222 7.8841 9.0000 Price of transportation to 8.0433 7.4762 8.0638 7.5632 8.1087 8.8333 7.8551 8.5000 destination Can be reached by your 7.7140 6.5313 7.7895 7.0000 7.4130 7.6111 7.1159 8.8333 favorite means of travel Public transport in the 7.1339 5.7813 7.0632 6.3523 6.9348 6.2222 6.2174 7.0000 country of destination Quality of the road network 8.0397 6.9683 8.1277 6.8736 7.1304 6.7222 6.7681 8.1667 Medical facilities 8.7003 7.8594 8.8000 7.3182 8.6522 8.6667 8.1159 8.5000 Political situation 7.8463 6.6250 8.2316 5.7614 8.6889 7.3333 6.3913 5.3333 General sense of safety 9.3849 9.0317 9.6105 8.5568 9.3830 9.1111 8.7536 8.8333

What is your average annual income What is your average annual income Up to 10,000 to 20,000 to 30,000 to 40,000 to 50,000 to More than 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 60,000 EUR EUR EUR EUR EUR EUR EUR Climate/weather 8.8210 8.9888 8.9036 9.1220 9.0000 8.9130 9.5455 Eating and drinking 8.3937 8.8764 8.6867 8.9756 8.8065 9.0000 8.7273 Quality of swimming water and beaches 8.7911 9.1582 8.8072 9.3659 8.5484 8.3913 9.0000 Quality of accommodation 8.0413 8.7318 8.5062 9.0244 8.8387 8.5652 9.2727 Opportunity for adventure and discovery 7.3377 8.0341 7.9398 8.2683 8.1290 8.2273 8.0000 Number of tourist attractions 6.8996 7.7670 7.6098 8.3500 8.1935 8.3182 7.8182 Presence of areas of natural beauty 7.3451 7.9886 7.8072 8.2683 8.6452 8.8182 8.7273 Nightlife 6.7794 7.6780 7.6145 7.7805 7.9032 6.9130 5.9091 Availability of sports facilities 5.9125 6.9209 6.9157 8.0000 7.5484 6.8636 5.5455 Hospitality of inhabitants 7.7929 8.2682 8.0964 9.2927 9.1667 9.5455 8.7273 Cost of living in the country 8.0019 8.2626 7.6707 8.6341 8.9032 8.6087 8.3636 Price of transportation to destination 7.9271 7.9887 7.1928 8.0250 8.7742 7.9565 8.3636 Can be reached by your favorite means of travel 7.5279 7.4045 6.8434 7.6829 8.4516 8.0455 8.1818 Public transport in the country of destination 6.5000 6.8101 6.7952 7.9268 8.5484 7.8696 7.7273 Quality of the road network 7.3240 7.8771 7.7349 8.3659 8.9667 8.3636 8.8182 Medical facilities 8.2048 8.6089 8.6463 8.9024 9.1290 9.0909 9.2727 Political situation 6.9739 7.6983 7.7073 8.9024 9.0000 8.9130 9.0000 General sense of safety 9.1019 9.4134 9.2289 9.4634 9.5161 9.5652 9.7273

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

VISITING MONTENEGRO

Is this your first time to visit Montenegro Yes No Bar 21.5% 78.5% Budva 38.8% 61.2% Cetinje 25.0% 75.0% Municipality Herceg Novi 10.3% 89.7% Kotor 26.3% 73.7% Tivat 29.8% 70.2% Ulcinj 6.8% 93.2% Montenegro 13.9% 86.1% Region 14.9% 85.1% Russia 50.5% 49.5% Tourists' country of origin Albania 100.0% Other European Countries 52.4% 47.6% The rest of the world 55.0% 45.0% Employed fulltime 27.9% 72.1% Employed part time 20.3% 79.7% Self-employed 37.2% 62.8% Student 13.6% 86.4% Employment status Retired 11.4% 88.6% Homemaker 13.3% 86.7% Unemployed 9.1% 90.9% Other 100.0% Up to 10,000 EUR 14.9% 85.1% From 10,000 EUR to 20,000 EUR 28.8% 71.2% From 20,000 EUR to 30,000 EUR 42.5% 57.5% Average annual income From 30,000 EUR to 40,000 EUR 48.8% 51.2% From 40,000 EUR to 50,000 EUR 29.0% 71.0% From 50,000 EUR to 60,000 EUR 41.7% 58.3% More than 60,000 EUR 45.5% 54.5%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Why did you choose Montenegro as a destination for holidays Pure Quality of Quality of Good Tourism Quality of Other nature accommodation food prices facilities service Bar 5.1% 6.5% 17.9% 23.6% 10.4% 1.1% 0.7%

Budva 38.1% 29.9% 21.5% 21.6% 59.4% 44.0% 39.0% Cetinje 1.2% 2.7% 4.1% 2.3% 4.0% 5.4% 3.4% Herceg Novi 31.2% 20.1% 23.1% 14.5% 12.4% 37.0% 47.3% Kotor 4.2% 7.6% 5.1% 5.6% 2.8% 4.9% 1.4%

Municipality Tivat 3.8% 13.6% 8.7% 7.1% 3.2% 4.3% 1.4% Ulcinj 16.4% 19.6% 19.5% 25.4% 8.0% 3.3% 6.8% Montenegro 49.2% 55.4% 42.6% 42.1% 44.6% 57.6% 67.1% Region 17.2% 20.1% 17.9% 24.1% 20.7% 17.9% 22.6% Russia 11.7% 5.4% 14.9% 12.7% 15.1% 12.0% 4.1%

Albania 0.8% 2.7% 3.6% 3.6% Other European 18.2% 13.6% 17.9% 15.5% 16.3% 10.3% 6.2%

Countries of origin of Tourists' country country Tourists' The rest of the world 3.0% 2.7% 3.1% 2.0% 3.2% 2.2%

Employed fulltime 65.2% 56.3% 53.6% 57.8% 62.2% 64.7% 45.9%

Employed part time 5.3% 6.6% 9.3% 6.4% 6.8% 6.0% 9.6%

status Self-employed 8.1% 7.1% 11.9% 12.7% 12.0% 7.1% 6.8%

Student 8.7% 13.1% 10.8% 7.1% 5.6% 12.5% 11.6% Retired 6.1% 7.1% 5.2% 4.6% 5.2% 3.8% 10.3% Homemaker 0.4% 2.2% 3.1% 3.6% 2.4% 0.5% 1.4%

Unemployed 5.5% 7.7% 4.6% 7.4% 5.2% 5.4% 13.0% Employment Other 0.6% 1.5% 0.5% 0.8% 1.4% Up to 10,000 EUR 59.3% 64.9% 54.3% 52.3% 49.8% 66.3% 68.4% From 10,000 EUR to 17.0% 16.1% 10.8% 19.8% 25.4% 19.7% 17.6% 20,000 EUR From 20,000 EUR to 10.7% 8.0% 12.4% 10.2% 15.8% 10.1% 6.6%

30,000 EUR From 30,000 EUR to 5.4% 4.0% 5.9% 5.7% 3.3% 2.2% 3.7% 40,000 EUR income From 40,000 EUR to 3.3% 2.9% 8.1% 5.7% 1.4% 1.1% 1.5% 50,000 EUR From 50,000 EUR to 2.6% 2.9% 7.0% 4.2% 3.3% 2.2%

What is your average annual annual average your What is 60,000 EUR More than 60,000 EUR 1.7% 1.1% 1.6% 2.1% 1.0% 0.6%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Which type of transportation you used when traveled to Montenegro* Rent-a- By plane Own car car Motorbike Boat Train Bus Other Bar 25.0% 55.2% 1.0% 18.8% Budva 43.1% 29.7% 2.7% 1.0% 1.0% 2.2% 20.0% .2% Cetinje 37.5% 40.6% 6.3% 15.6% Herceg Novi 17.2% 52.4% .9% 29.6% Kotor 39.5% 36.8% 5.3% 2.6% 15.8%

Municipality Tivat 36.2% 34.0% 2.1% 4.3% 23.4% Ulcinj 10.1% 66.9% 2.0% 2.0% 18.2% .7% Montenegro 9.2% 60.8% 2.0% 1.2% .8% .8% 24.8% .4% Region 21.4% 42.8% .5% 6.0% 29.3% Russia 85.4% 6.8% 1.0% 1.0% 5.8% Albania 71.4% 28.6% Other European 67.6% 16.6% 1.4% 1.4% 13.1% Countries The rest of the

90.5% 4.8% 4.8% origin Tourists' country of of country Tourists' world

Employed fulltime 34.1% 46.4% 1.6% .2% .8% 1.6% 15.1% .2% Employed part time 25.4% 34.9% 3.2% 1.6% 33.3% 1.6% Self-employed 45.3% 36.8% 1.1% 4.2% 2.1% 10.5% Student 10.2% 31.8% 2.3% 3.4% 52.3% Retired 14.9% 48.9% 2.1% 2.1% 31.9% Homemaker 16.7% 61.1% 5.6% 16.7% Unemployed 14.3% 44.3% 1.4% 40.0% Employment status Employment Other 16.7% 50.0% 33.3% Up to 10,000 EUR 14.4% 52.3% 1.5% .9% .2% 2.2% 28.1% .4% From 10,000 EUR to 30.7% 44.1% 2.2% 1.1% 2.2% 19.6% 20,000 EUR From 20,000 EUR to 56.6% 26.5% 2.4% 14.5% 30,000 EUR From 30,000 EUR to 63.4% 26.8% 2.4% 2.4% 4.9% 40,000 EUR From 40,000 EUR to 74.2% 16.1% 3.2% 6.5% 50,000 EUR

From 50,000 EUR to 87.5% 8.3% 4.2%

60,000 EUR

More than 60,000 90.9% 9.1% income What is your average annual annual average your What is EUR *Note: all tourists included

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Which type of transportation you used when traveled to Montenegro* By plane Own car Rent-a-car Motorbike Boat Train Bus Bar 36.9% 35.4% 1.5% 26.2%

Budva 56.1% 18.3% 1.3% 0.4% 3.9% 20.0% Cetinje 80.0% 6.7% 6.7% 6.7% Herceg Novi 45.3% 33.7% 2.3% 18.6% Kotor 65.2% 26.1% 4.3% 4.3%

Municipality Tivat 63.0% 25.9% 3.7% 7.4% Ulcinj 28.8% 48.1% 23.1% Montenegro Region 21.4% 42.8% 0.5% 6.0% 29.3% Russia 85.4% 6.8% 1.0% 1.0% 5.8% Albania 71.4% 28.6%

Other European Countries 67.6% 16.6% 1.4% 1.4% 13.1%

The rest of the world 90.5% 4.8% 4.8%

Tourists' country of of country Tourists' origin

Employed fulltime 53.3% 26.8% 1.2% 0.6% 2.5% 15.6%

Employed part time 51.6% 19.4% 3.2% 25.8% Self-employed 65.4% 15.4% 1.9% 3.8% 13.5% Student 30.0% 16.7% 6.7% 46.7% Retired 35.0% 50.0% 15.0%

Homemaker 27.3% 54.5% 18.2% Employment status Employment Unemployed 35.7% 28.6% 3.6% 32.1% Other 25.0% 75.0%

Up to 10,000 EUR 32.8% 40.3% .5% .5% 4.0% 21.9% From 10,000 EUR to 20,000 46.5% 21.2% 1.0% 4.0% 27.3% EUR From 20,000 EUR to 30,000 64.3% 15.7% 2.9% 17.1% EUR From 30,000 EUR to 40,000 67.6% 21.6% 2.7% 2.7% 5.4% EUR From 40,000 EUR to 50,000 76.7% 13.3% 3.3% 6.7% EUR From 50,000 EUR to 60,000 87.5% 8.3% 4.2% EUR

More than 60,000 EUR 90.0% 10.0% What is your average annual income annual average your What is *Note: tourists from Montenegro excluded

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Municipality Herceg Bar Budva Cetinje Novi Kotor Tivat Ulcinj Hotel 16.7% 33.8% 31.3% 11.6% 34.2% 23.4% 14.2% Hotel-apartment 31.3% 22.7% 3.1% 5.2% 15.8% 25.5% 16.9% Boarding-house 4.4% 15.6% .9% 5.3% 4.7% Motel 1.0% 2.0% 2.6% Tourist settlement 3.2% 4.1% Tourist apartment 8.3% 2.5% 21.9% 12.9% 18.4% 8.5% 2.0% Overnight accommodation 1.0% .9% 2.7% Private households 42.7% 25.9% 18.8% 48.1% 10.5% 34.0% 40.5% Health spa .4% Workers' hostels .2% .4%

you stay while in Montenegro in while you stay Camping sites .5% .4% 8.1% In what kind of accommodation of accommodation kind In what Other 3.7% 9.4% 19.3% 13.2% 8.5% 6.8%

Tourists' country of origin Other European The rest of Montenegro Region Russia Albania Countries the world Hotel 17.6% 14.4% 38.1% 14.3% 44.8% 42.9% Hotel-apartment 14.6% 15.3% 29.5% 21.4% 23.4% 19.0% Boarding-house 3.0% 4.2% 1.9% 5.5% Motel .8% .9% 2.9% .7% Tourist settlement 1.6% 1.9% 3.8% 1.4% 4.8% Tourist apartment 7.2% 5.1% 13.3% 4.1% 9.5% Overnight 1.8% .5% accommodation Private households 39.1% 50.2% 6.7% 64.3% 16.6% 4.8% Health spa .7%

stay while in Montenegro in stay while Workers' hostels .4% Camping sites 2.6% .9% In what kind of accommodation you you of accommodation kind In what Other 11.2% 6.5% 3.8% 2.8% 19.0%

Employment status Employed Employed Self- fulltime part time employed Student Retired Homemaker Unemployed Other Hotel 28.5% 14.1% 29.5% 12.5% 6.4% 16.7% 10.0% Hotel-apartment 19.2% 12.5% 25.3% 14.8% 19.1% 8.6% 16.7% Boarding-house 4.4% 1.6% 2.1% 1.1% 2.1% 2.9%

Motel .7% 1.6% 3.4% 2.1% 1.4% Tourist settlement 2.0% 3.1% 5.3% Tourist apartment 7.9% 12.5% 8.4% 2.3% 2.1% 5.6% 1.4% Overnight .5% 1.6% 2.1% 3.4% 5.6% accommodation Private households 28.4% 42.2% 24.2% 54.5% 31.9% 66.7% 58.6% 66.7%

while in Montenegro in while Health spa .2% Workers' hostels .3% Camping sites 1.1% 1.6% 2.1% 3.4% 2.1% 1.4%

In what kind of accommodation you stay stay you accommodation of kind what In Other 6.9% 9.4% 1.1% 4.5% 34.0% 5.6% 15.7% 16.7%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

What is your average annual income

30,000 50,000 More 10,000 to 20,000 to 40,000 to Up to EUR to EUR to than 20,000 30,000 50,000 10,000 EUR 40,000 60,000 60,000 EUR EUR EUR EUR EUR EUR

Hotel 15.3% 24.4% 38.6% 39.0% 45.2% 33.3% 54.5%

Hotel-apartment 11.5% 18.9% 22.9% 31.7% 35.5% 33.3% 9.1% Boarding-house 3.7% 3.3% 2.4% 4.9% 6.5% 4.2% Motel 1.1% 1.1% 1.2% 4.2% Tourist settlement 2.4% 1.7% 2.4% 3.2% Tourist apartment 7.2% 7.2% 7.2% 9.8% 6.5% 8.3% 18.2% Overnight accommodation 1.3% 1.1% Private households 44.2% 36.1% 16.9% 12.2% 3.2% 8.3% 9.1% Health spa 1.2%

Workers' hostels .4% what kind of accommodation of accommodation kind what

you stay while in Montenegro in while you stay Camping sites 2.4% 1.1% In Other 10.5% 5.0% 7.2% 2.4% 8.3% 9.1%

What were your personal costs for accommodation in Montenegro per person per day Up to 10 From 10 to 30 From 30 to From 50 to 100 More than 100 EUR EUR 50 EUR EUR EUR Bar 13.5% 35.4% 34.4% 16.7%

Budva 17.8% 29.4% 26.7% 21.2% 4.9% Cetinje 3.4% 34.5% 31.0% 31.0% Herceg Novi 54.5% 36.1% 7.3% 2.1% Kotor 2.6% 26.3% 55.3% 15.8%

Municipality Tivat 2.1% 38.3% 38.3% 14.9% 6.4% Ulcinj 48.6% 37.8% 12.2% 1.4% Montenegro 38.4% 33.0% 15.3% 11.5% 1.8%

Region 33.0% 39.1% 20.0% 6.5% 1.4%

Russia 5.7% 21.0% 32.4% 37.1% 3.8%

origin Albania 57.1% 28.6% 14.3% Tourists' Tourists' country of country Other European Countries 7.6% 35.4% 41.7% 13.2% 2.1% The rest of the world 28.6% 42.9% 9.5% 19.0%

Employed fulltime 22.2% 33.6% 26.4% 15.5% 2.3%

Employed part time 34.4% 40.6% 18.8% 4.7% 1.6% Self-employed 14.7% 32.6% 23.2% 23.2% 6.3% Student 43.2% 38.6% 12.5% 4.5% 1.1% Retired 53.2% 23.4% 14.9% 8.5% Homemaker 55.6% 16.7% 16.7% 5.6% 5.6%

Unemployed 51.4% 31.4% 12.9% 4.3% Employment status Employment Other 100.0% Up to 10,000 EUR 41.4% 37.7% 14.8% 5.2% .9% From 10,000 EUR to 20,000 EUR 17.2% 43.9% 26.1% 12.2% .6% From 20,000 EUR to 30,000 EUR 12.0% 28.9% 48.2% 6.0% 4.8% From 30,000 EUR to 40,000 EUR 7.3% 19.5% 56.1% 17.1%

income From 40,000 EUR to 50,000 EUR 29.0% 25.8% 38.7% 6.5% What is your your What is

average annual annual average From 50,000 EUR to 60,000 EUR 12.5% 8.3% 41.7% 37.5% More than 60,000 EUR 9.1% 9.1% 54.5% 18.2% 9.1%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

How much you spend on food and drinks per day Up to 10 From 10 to From 30 to From 50 to More than

EUR 30 EUR 50 EUR 100 EUR 100 EUR Bar 4.2% 49.0% 31.3% 15.6%

Budva 11.9% 36.3% 28.9% 19.3% 3.7% Cetinje 15.6% 43.8% 34.4% 6.3% Herceg Novi 18.5% 56.2% 23.2% 2.1% Kotor 7.9% 31.6% 42.1% 18.4%

Municipality Tivat 2.1% 55.3% 34.0% 2.1% 6.4% Ulcinj 20.9% 49.3% 25.0% 4.7% Montenegro 18.0% 52.0% 21.2% 7.8% 1.0%

Region 15.3% 52.1% 24.7% 7.0% .9%

Russia 1.0% 20.0% 38.1% 34.3% 6.7%

origin Albania 7.1% 64.3% 28.6% Tourists' Tourists' country of country Other European Countries 6.3% 30.6% 48.6% 13.9% .7% The rest of the world 4.8% 19.0% 38.1% 23.8% 14.3%

Employed fulltime 10.7% 40.8% 34.8% 12.8% 1.0%

Employed part time 28.1% 45.3% 18.8% 6.3% 1.6% Self-employed 4.2% 34.7% 29.5% 21.1% 10.5% Student 14.8% 62.5% 18.2% 4.5% Retired 27.7% 48.9% 8.5% 12.8% 2.1%

Homemaker 5.6% 83.3% 5.6% 5.6% Employment status Employment Unemployed 24.3% 61.4% 11.4% 2.9% Other 66.7% 33.3% Up to 10,000 EUR 21.4% 54.2% 19.0% 4.8% .6% From 10,000 EUR to 20,000 EUR 7.3% 47.5% 30.7% 13.4% 1.1% From 20,000 EUR to 30,000 EUR 3.6% 37.3% 43.4% 6.0% 9.6% From 30,000 EUR to 40,000 EUR 26.8% 63.4% 7.3% 2.4%

income From 40,000 EUR to 50,000 EUR 22.6% 32.3% 38.7% 6.5%

What is your your What is From 50,000 EUR to 60,000 EUR 4.2% 58.3% 37.5% average annual annual average More than 60,000 EUR 9.1% 54.5% 36.4%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Rent-a- Motorbi Don’t travel Own car Boat Train Bus Other car ke around

Bar 11.8% 11.7% 7.7% 2.0% 13.2%

Budva 27.7% 61.7% 57.1% 55.8% 69.6% 42.0% 43.4% 85.7% Cetinje 2.9% 1.7% 4.3% 4.2% 2.6% Herceg Novi 30.6% 8.3% 14.3% 30.8% 29.0% 9.2% Kotor 4.0% 3.9% 1.9% 7.2% Municipality Tivat 3.6% 5.7% 9.5% 3.8% 4.3% 10.4% Ulcinj 19.4% 7.0% 19.0% 21.7% 5.2% 31.6% 14.3% Montenegro 69.2% 21.7% 71.4% 23.1% 26.1% 47.9% 17.1% 42.9% Region 21.0% 17.4% 14.3% 25.0% 34.8% 20.5% 42.1%

Russia 2.2% 28.7% 4.8% 28.8% 26.1% 13.0% 6.6% 14.3%

Albania 0.9% 13.2%

origin Other European 6.5% 27.8% 4.8% 21.2% 13.0% 14.0% 21.1% 14.3% Countries

The rest of the 0.2% 4.3% 4.8% 1.9% 4.6% 28.6% Tourists' country of country Tourists' world Employed fulltime 65.6% 72.2% 57.1% 67.3% 52.2% 55.0% 52.0% 28.6%

Employed part 5.4% 4.8% 9.5% 3.8% 4.3% 8.1% 8.0% time Self-employed 8.3% 13.9% 19.0% 13.5% 26.1% 7.8% 4.0% 28.6% Student 6.7% 2.2% 14.3% 7.7% 8.7% 13.4% 16.0% 14.3% Retired 5.1% 1.7% 3.8% 5.5% 2.7% 14.3% Homemaker 1.8% 1.3% 1.9% 4.3% 0.3% 6.7%

Employment status Employment Unemployed 6.5% 3.5% 1.9% 4.3% 9.1% 10.7% 14.3% Other 0.7% 0.4% 0.7%

Up to 10,000 EUR 68.5% 31.7% 76.2% 33.3% 43.5% 65.9% 60.3% 71.4% From 10,000 EUR 19.6% 21.6% 19.0% 11.1% 17.4% 17.2% 21.9% 14.3% to 20,000 EUR From 20,000 EUR 6.1% 12.1% 24.4% 26.1% 10.0% 13.7% 14.3% to 30,000 EUR From 30,000 EUR 3.4% 9.0% 17.8% 8.7% 3.9% 2.7% to 40,000 EUR From 40,000 EUR 1.5% 11.1% 4.8% 2.2% 4.3% 2.5% to 50,000 EUR From 50,000 EUR 0.7% 9.5% 2.2% 0.4% 1.4% to 60,000 EUR More than 60,000 0.2% 5.0% 8.9% What is your average annual income annual average your is What EUR

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Who is accompanying you on your current visit Coworkers or Spouse/ Family and/ No one Friends business partner or relatives partners Bar 6.3% 43.2% 36.8% 13.7%

Budva 8.1% 35.0% 29.1% 25.9% 2.0% Cetinje 12.5% 25.0% 28.1% 34.4% Herceg Novi 12.9% 24.5% 40.8% 21.9% Kotor 13.2% 31.6% 23.7% 31.6%

Municipality Tivat 10.6% 25.5% 14.9% 48.9% Ulcinj 2.7% 21.6% 39.2% 36.5% Montenegro 8.8% 25.1% 34.1% 30.9% 1.2%

Region 9.3% 31.6% 36.3% 22.8%

Russia 9.5% 44.8% 25.7% 20.0%

origin Albania 7.1% 71.4% 21.4% Tourists' Tourists' country of country Other European Countries 6.2% 37.2% 29.7% 25.5% 1.4% The rest of the world 19.0% 42.9% 14.3% 23.8%

Employed fulltime 7.9% 33.1% 32.7% 25.4% 1.0% Employed part time 9.4% 32.8% 29.7% 28.1% Self-employed 9.6% 37.2% 33.0% 19.1% 1.1% Student 10.2% 14.8% 25.0% 48.9% 1.1% Retired 12.8% 27.7% 48.9% 10.6% Homemaker 33.3% 66.7%

Unemployed 11.4% 18.6% 28.6% 41.4% Employment status Employment Other 16.7% 16.7% 50.0% 16.7% Up to 10,000 EUR 9.6% 26.9% 32.5% 30.8% .2% From 10,000 EUR to 20,000 EUR 12.8% 29.1% 36.9% 19.0% 2.2% From 20,000 EUR to 30,000 EUR 6.0% 30.1% 33.7% 27.7% 2.4% From 30,000 EUR to 40,000 EUR 2.4% 31.7% 43.9% 22.0%

income From 40,000 EUR to 50,000 EUR 9.7% 41.9% 29.0% 19.4%

What is your your What is From 50,000 EUR to 60,000 EUR 4.2% 54.2% 33.3% 8.3% average annual annual average More than 60,000 EUR 54.5% 27.3% 18.2%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

What activities you plan to Municipality do during your holiday in Herceg Bar Budva Cetinje Kotor Tivat Ulcinj Montenegro Novi Sunbathing 10.1% 39.2% 2.9% 24.1% 3.5% 4.9% 15.3% Swimming 9.8% 39.9% 3.2% 23.8% 3.8% 4.8% 14.7% Cruising 27.7% 41.4% 3.1% 19.6% 2.8% 2.2% 3.1% Eco tours .9% 56.9% 1.8% 11.9% 8.3% 6.4% 13.8% Cycling 31.8% 3.5% 7.1% 16.5% 21.2% 20.0% Kayaking 40.9% 2.3% 6.8% 15.9% 18.2% 15.9% Horse riding 35.7% 3.6% 10.7% 14.3% 35.7% Paragliding 69.2% 4.8% 1.9% 6.7% 9.6% 7.7% Kite surfing 46.8% 8.5% 2.1% 42.6% Enjoying adventure tourism 12.1% 60.6% 3.0% 9.7% 4.2% 1.8% 8.5% Sports and recreation 3.9% 57.5% 2.1% 14.3% 4.6% 8.9% 8.6% Visiting national parks 2.5% 47.6% 5.4% 15.5% 4.4% 12.6% 12.0% Visiting historical places 1.1% 40.5% 4.2% 22.4% 5.4% 11.6% 14.7% Other 78.6% 21.4%

What activities you plan Tourists' country of origin to do during your Other European The rest of Montenegro Region Russia Albania holiday in Montenegro Countries the world Sunbathing 49.2% 21.7% 10.7% 1.5% 14.7% 2.2% Swimming 49.7% 21.9% 10.6% 1.4% 14.2% 2.1% Cruising 45.2% 21.5% 12.5% 19.3% 1.6% Eco tours 48.6% 9.2% 11.0% .9% 23.9% 6.4% Cycling 43.5% 21.2% 12.9% 17.6% 4.7% Kayaking 31.8% 27.3% 9.1% 25.0% 6.8% Horse riding 57.1% 21.4% 3.6% 3.6% 10.7% 3.6% Paragliding 35.6% 22.1% 18.3% 17.3% 6.7% Kite surfing 42.6% 19.1% 8.5% 25.5% 4.3% Enjoying adventure 43.0% 20.6% 11.5% 20.6% 4.2% tourism Sports and recreation 42.9% 26.1% 10.4% .7% 16.1% 3.9% Visiting national parks 39.4% 20.5% 13.9% .6% 20.8% 4.7% Visiting historical places 37.7% 21.5% 13.0% 1.7% 21.8% 4.2% Other 78.6% 7.1% 7.1% 7.1%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

What activities Employment status you plan to do during your Employed Employed Self- Homem Student Retired Unemployed Other holiday in fulltime part time employed aker Montenegro Sunbathing 60.9% 6.2% 9.5% 9.0% 4.8% 1.8% 7.3% .5% Swimming 60.9% 6.3% 9.6% 8.9% 4.7% 1.8% 7.2% .5% Cruising 64.2% 3.7% 14.6% 6.5% 3.1% 1.9% 5.6% .3% Eco tours 67.9% 7.3% 12.8% 4.6% 6.4% .9% Cycling 68.2% 8.2% 5.9% 14.1% 1.2% 2.4% Kayaking 61.4% 6.8% 9.1% 15.9% 6.8% Horse riding 50.0% 3.6% 21.4% 21.4% 3.6% Paragliding 50.0% 3.6% 21.4% 21.4% 3.6% Kite surfing 51.1% 4.3% 19.1% 17.0% 4.3% 2.1% 2.1% Enjoying adventure 64.2% 5.5% 13.9% 7.3% 2.4% .6% 6.1% tourism Sports and 62.5% 5.4% 11.1% 9.6% 2.1% 1.4% 5.7% 2.1% recreation Visiting national 70.0% 4.1% 9.8% 6.3% 6.3% 1.3% 2.2% parks Visiting historical 66.6% 5.7% 8.8% 7.4% 5.9% 1.7% 3.7% .3% places Other 35.7% 14.3% 7.1% 14.3% 21.4% 7.1%

What is your average annual income 50,000 What activities you Up to 30,000 EUR 10,000 to 20,000 to 40,000 to EUR to More than plan to do during your 10,000 to 40,000 20,000 EUR 30,000 EUR 50,000 EUR 60,000 60,000 EUR holiday in Montenegro EUR EUR EUR Sunbathing 59.6% 18.8% 9.5% 4.5% 3.6% 2.8% 1.3% Swimming 59.9% 19.4% 9.1% 4.6% 3.4% 2.4% 1.2% Cruising 39.8% 23.8% 11.5% 9.6% 6.9% 6.1% 2.3% Eco tours 44.6% 6.2% 13.8% 9.2% 7.7% 9.2% 9.2% Cycling 62.7% 9.3% 5.3% 9.3% 5.3% 2.7% 5.3% Kayaking 46.5% 23.3% 14.0% 7.0% 4.7% 2.3% 2.3% Horse riding 53.6% 28.6% 7.1% 10.7% Paragliding 51.5% 19.8% 14.9% 5.9% 6.9% 1.0% Kite surfing 56.4% 12.8% 10.3% 5.1% 7.7% 2.6% 5.1% Enjoying adventure 44.8% 17.2% 11.2% 9.5% 6.9% 6.0% 4.3% tourism Sports and recreation 54.2% 18.5% 13.0% 6.9% 5.6% 0.9% 0.9% Visiting national parks 50.9% 17.7% 12.5% 7.5% 4.9% 3.8% 2.6% Visiting historical places 52.9% 17.2% 11.4% 7.1% 5.1% 4.0% 2.4% Other 78.6% 21.4%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Do you think that environmental protection is on a satisfactory level in Montenegro Yes No Bar 88.5% 11.5% Budva 81.2% 18.8% Cetinje 96.9% 3.1% Municipality Herceg Novi 76.0% 24.0% Kotor 78.9% 21.1% Tivat 70.2% 29.8% Ulcinj 52.7% 47.3% Montenegro 70.8% 29.2% Region 74.3% 25.7% Tourists' country Russia 97.1% 2.9% of origin Albania 78.6% 21.4% Other European Countries 81.9% 18.1% The rest of the world 85.7% 14.3% Employed fulltime 77.7% 22.3% Employed part time 72.6% 27.4% Self-employed 81.9% 18.1% Employment Student 79.5% 20.5% status Retired 38.3% 61.7% Homemaker 77.8% 22.2% Unemployed 80.0% 20.0% Other 83.3% 16.7% Up to 10,000 EUR 72.5% 27.5% From 10,000 EUR to 20,000 EUR 84.4% 15.6% What is your From 20,000 EUR to 30,000 EUR 90.4% 9.6% average annual From 30,000 EUR to 40,000 EUR 85.4% 14.6% income From 40,000 EUR to 50,000 EUR 80.0% 20.0% From 50,000 EUR to 60,000 EUR 70.8% 29.2% More than 60,000 EUR 54.5% 45.5%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Nature-friendly tourism

To what degree do you consider yourself to behave on environmentally conscious way Very much Quite a lot A little Not at all Bar 1.0% 55.2% 43.8% Budva 27.0% 52.7% 19.1% 1.2% Cetinje 15.6% 34.4% 50.0% Municipality Herceg Novi 40.1% 34.5% 25.0% .4% Kotor 31.6% 42.1% 26.3% Tivat 17.0% 68.1% 14.9% Ulcinj 43.9% 41.9% 14.2% Montenegro 28.8% 45.6% 24.6% 1.0% Region 33.5% 43.3% 22.8% .5% Tourists' country of Russia 23.8% 58.1% 18.1% origin Albania 35.7% 28.6% 35.7% Other European Countries 28.2% 49.3% 22.5% The rest of the world 33.3% 52.4% 14.3% Employed fulltime 29.6% 48.8% 21.4% .2% Employed part time 31.3% 39.1% 28.1% 1.6% Self-employed 22.1% 53.7% 24.2% Student 31.8% 37.5% 28.4% 2.3% Employment status Retired 55.3% 34.0% 10.6% Homemaker 11.1% 33.3% 55.6% Unemployed 20.0% 52.9% 25.7% 1.4% Other 33.3% 16.7% 33.3% 16.7% Up to 10,000 EUR 29.9% 43.6% 25.7% .7% From 10,000 EUR to 20,000 EUR 27.4% 49.2% 22.3% 1.1% From 20,000 EUR to 30,000 EUR 21.7% 55.4% 22.9% What is your average From 30,000 EUR to 40,000 EUR 36.6% 46.3% 17.1% annual income From 40,000 EUR to 50,000 EUR 35.5% 51.6% 12.9% From 50,000 EUR to 60,000 EUR 50.0% 33.3% 16.7% More than 60,000 EUR 60.0% 40.0%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Have you ever heard about Have you ever been on nature friendly tourism nature friendly tourism holiday holiday Yes No Yes No Bar 83.3% 16.7% 27.1% 72.9% Budva 55.4% 44.6% 20.7% 79.3% Cetinje 65.6% 34.4% 65.6% 34.4% Municipality Herceg Novi 61.8% 38.2% 41.8% 58.2% Kotor 86.8% 13.2% 34.2% 65.8% Tivat 78.7% 21.3% 27.7% 72.3% Ulcinj 62.8% 37.2% 38.8% 61.2% Montenegro 61.8% 38.2% 26.9% 73.1% Region 68.4% 31.6% 40.7% 59.3% Tourists' Russia 63.8% 36.2% 17.6% 82.4% country of Albania 50.0% 50.0% 35.7% 64.3% origin Other European Countries 61.4% 38.6% 42.8% 57.2% The rest of the world 66.7% 33.3% 21.1% 78.9% Employed fulltime 66.6% 33.4% 34.3% 65.7% Employed part time 50.0% 50.0% 35.9% 64.1% Self-employed 68.4% 31.6% 26.3% 73.7% Employment Student 64.8% 35.2% 21.6% 78.4% status Retired 76.6% 23.4% 44.7% 55.3% Homemaker 55.6% 44.4% 5.6% 94.4% Unemployed 35.7% 64.3% 18.6% 81.4% Other 100.0% 100.0% Up to 10,000 EUR 56.6% 43.4% 27.0% 73.0% From 10,000 EUR to 20,000 EUR 68.3% 31.7% 26.6% 73.4% What is your From 20,000 EUR to 30,000 EUR 63.9% 36.1% 36.6% 63.4% average annual From 30,000 EUR to 40,000 EUR 65.9% 34.1% 32.5% 67.5% income From 40,000 EUR to 50,000 EUR 74.2% 25.8% 45.2% 54.8% From 50,000 EUR to 60,000 EUR 87.5% 12.5% 66.7% 33.3% More than 60,000 EUR 81.8% 18.2% 63.6% 36.4%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

RESPONDENTS THAT HAVE BEEN ON NATURE FRIENDLY TOURISM

How did you firstly hear about nature friendly tourism holidays Magazines/ Internet Friends/Relatives TV Other Books Bar 5.5% 6.1% 12.1% 16.7%

Budva 22.7% 27.3% 18.1% 9.3% 20.0% Cetinje 9.4% 4.5% 5.6%

Municipality Herceg Novi 28.7% 12.1% 46.6% 38.0% 60.0% Kotor 4.4% 9.1% 5.2% 2.8%

Tivat 4.4% 6.1% 6.0% 6.5%

Ulcinj 24.9% 34.8% 12.1% 21.3% 20.0% Montenegro 44.8% 22.7% 40.5% 50.9% 30.0% Region 19.9% 34.8% 28.4% 23.1% 50.0% Tourists' Russia 5.5% 7.6% 6.0% 4.6% country of Albania 2.8% 6.1% 23.3% .9% origin Other European Countries 26.0% 25.8% 19.4% 20.0%

The rest of the world 1.1% 3.0% 1.7% .9%

Employed fulltime 69.4% 71.2% 66.4% 67.3% 50.0% Employed part time 6.7% 6.1% 6.0% 10.3% 10.0% Self-employed 9.4% 10.6% 6.0% 2.8% 20.0% Employment Student 8.3% 9.1% 6.0% 3.7% 10.0% status Retired 3.9% 3.0% 9.5% 11.2%

Homemaker 0.9% 4.7% 10.0%

Unemployed 2.2% 5.2%

Other

Up to 10,000 EUR 46.8% 31.1% 54.3% 77.8%

From 10,000 EUR to 20,000 EUR 13.9% 27.9% 15.2% 11.1% What is your From 20,000 EUR to 30,000 EUR 12.7% 11.5% 11.4% average From 30,000 EUR to 40,000 EUR 8.2% 8.2% 3.8% annual From 40,000 EUR to 50,000 EUR 7.6% 8.2% 4.8% income From 50,000 EUR to 60,000 EUR 7.6% 6.6% 8.6% 11.1%

More than 60,000 EUR 3.2% 6.6% 1.9%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

In general what do you seek the most when on nature friendly tourism holiday Supporti ng economi Experiencin c See I don’t seek Visiting un- g remote Interacti benefits unusual for eco- crowded and Increasing ng with to local plants tourism destination unspoiled knowledge of native communi and holiday at s nature wildlife people ties animals all Other Bar 11.6% 9.8% 6.7% 3.8% 4.7% 9.6%

Budva 18.0% 25.3% 24.5% 32.7% 33.7% 20.8% 55.6% Cetinje 5.8% 10.3% 7.4% 1.9% 2.3% 6.4% Herceg Novi 39.7% 25.3% 34.4% 40.4% 29.1% 32.0%

Kotor 1.6% 5.2% 2.5% 1.0% 2.3% 4.0% 22.2% Municipality Tivat 3.7% 4.0% 4.9% 1.9% 5.8% 6.4% 22.2% Ulcinj 19.6% 20.1% 19.6% 18.3% 22.1% 20.8%

Montenegro 39.7% 44.3% 43.6% 42.3% 50.0% 43.2% 44.4% of of

Region 29.6% 27.0% 27.0% 24.0% 26.7% 23.2% 33.3%

Russia 6.9% 6.3% 5.5% 8.7% 3.5% 4.8%

Albania 2.6% 1.7% 0.6% 1.0% 1.2% 2.4%

origin Other European 20.6% 19.0% 22.1% 22.1% 17.4% 24.8% 11.1% Countries

Tourists' country Tourists' The rest of the 0.5% 1.7% 1.2% 1.9% 1.2% 1.6% 11.1% 100.0% world Employed fulltime 68.8% 68.8% 68.5% 65.4% 65.9% 63.2% 63.2% 100.0%

Employed part 8.5% 6.9% 3.7% 11.5% 7.1% 10.4% 10.4% time Self-employed 7.9% 8.7% 9.9% 4.8% 7.1% 8.8% 8.8% Student 5.3% 7.5% 6.2% 3.8% 7.1% 6.4% 6.4% Retired 5.3% 4.0% 7.4% 9.6% 8.2% 7.2% 7.2% Homemaker 1.2% Employment status Employment Unemployed 4.2% 4.0% 4.3% 4.8% 3.5% 4.0% 4.0% Other

Up to 10,000 EUR 50.8% 56.1% 54.6% 51.2% 54.5% 53.6% 40.0% From 10,000 EUR 16.8% 19.1% 12.8% 15.1% 15.2% 18.2% 20.0% to 20,000 EUR From 20,000 EUR 12.8% 8.9% 10.6% 12.8% 7.6% 8.2% 40.0% 100.0% to 30,000 EUR annual income annual From 30,000 EUR 3.9% 3.2% 5.0% 7.0% 9.1% 4.5% to 40,000 EUR From 40,000 EUR 5.6% 4.5% 8.5% 5.8% 3.0% 5.5% to 50,000 EUR From 50,000 EUR 7.3% 6.4% 5.7% 3.5% 9.1% 6.4% to 60,000 EUR More than 60,000

What is your average average your is What 2.8% 1.9% 2.8% 4.7% 1.5% 3.6% EUR

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Who do you usually travel with on nature friendly tourism holiday Business/ Part of an Alone Family Friend/s Colleagues organized group Bar 23.1% 61.5% 11.5% 3.8%

Budva 2.4% 41.0% 47.0% 3.6% 6.0% Cetinje 28.6% 42.9% 28.6% Herceg Novi 11.5% 59.4% 29.2% Kotor 7.7% 46.2% 46.2% Municipality Tivat 15.4% 38.5% 46.2% Ulcinj 42.9% 48.2% 7.1% 1.8%

Montenegro 11.3% 48.1% 36.8% 2.3% 1.5% Region 8.0% 50.6% 36.8% 1.1% 3.4% Russia 11.1% 33.3% 50.0% 5.6% Albania 40.0% 40.0% 20.0% Tourists' Tourists' Other European Countries 6.6% 55.7% 32.8% 3.3% 1.6%

country of origin of country The rest of the world 25.0% 75.0%

Employed fulltime 9.7% 50.7% 36.7% 2.4% 0.5%

Employed part time 8.7% 52.2% 39.1% Self-employed 4.2% 33.3% 50.0% 12.5% Student 10.5% 26.3% 52.6% 5.3% 5.3% Retired 5.0% 70.0% 10.0% 5.0% 10.0% Homemaker 100.0%

Unemployed 15.4% 46.2% 38.5% Employment status Employment Other Up to 10,000 EUR 11.7% 49.7% 35.9% 1.4% 1.4% From 10,000 EUR to 20,000 EUR 6.4% 51.1% 38.3% 2.1% 2.1% From 20,000 EUR to 30,000 EUR 6.7% 60.0% 26.7% 3.3% 3.3% From 30,000 EUR to 40,000 EUR 53.8% 38.5% 7.7%

income From 40,000 EUR to 50,000 EUR 7.7% 46.2% 38.5% 7.7% What is your your is What

average annual annual average From 50,000 EUR to 60,000 EUR 25.0% 43.8% 31.3% More than 60,000 EUR 57.1% 28.6% 14.3%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

How is your nature friendly tourism holidays organized Independently with Non-profit group Tour Travel Independently organized tours organized tours Operator agent Bar 88.5% 3.8% 7.7%

Budva 46.3% 22.0% 8.5% 15.9% 7.3% Cetinje 90.5% 4.8% 4.8% Herceg Novi 70.8% 17.7% 2.1% 4.2% 5.2% Kotor 23.1% 61.5% 15.4% Municipality Tivat 76.9% 15.4% 7.7% Ulcinj 45.6% 5.3% 5.3% 10.5% 33.3%

Montenegro 69.9% 15.0% 5.3% 3.8% 6.0% Region 61.6% 16.3% 2.3% 7.0% 12.8% Russia 55.6% 22.2% 11.1% 11.1% Albania 60.0% 20.0% 20.0% Tourists' Tourists' Other European Countries 41.9% 16.1% 16.1% 25.8%

country of origin of country The rest of the world 50.0% 25.0% 25.0%

Employed fulltime 61.7% 14.1% 2.9% 10.2% 11.2%

Employed part time 65.2% 21.7% 4.3% 8.7% Self-employed 44.0% 24.0% 8.0% 8.0% 16.0% Student 52.6% 21.1% 10.5% 15.8% Retired 55.0% 20.0% 5.0% 5.0% 15.0% Homemaker 100.0%

Unemployed 84.6% 7.7% 7.7% Employment status Employment Other Up to 10,000 EUR 74.5% 15.2% 3.4% 1.4% 5.5% From 10,000 EUR to 20,000 EUR 51.1% 19.1% 2.1% 4.3% 23.4% From 20,000 EUR to 30,000 EUR 65.5% 13.8% 6.9% 6.9% 6.9% From 30,000 EUR to 40,000 EUR 15.4% 23.1% 7.7% 7.7% 46.2%

income From 40,000 EUR to 50,000 EUR 42.9% 7.1% 21.4% 28.6% What is your your is What

average annual annual average From 50,000 EUR to 60,000 EUR 56.3% 12.5% 6.3% 12.5% 12.5% More than 60,000 EUR 28.6% 14.3% 28.6% 28.6%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

How much do you spend on nature friendly tourism holiday approximately Up to 500 From 500 EUR to From 1,000 EUR From 1,500 EUR More than EUR 1,000 EUR to 1,500 EUR to 2,000 EUR 2,000 EUR Bar 46.2% 26.9% 15.4% 11.5%

Budva 50.0% 37.8% 8.5% 2.4% 1.2% Cetinje 40.0% 60.0% Herceg Novi 55.2% 32.3% 12.5% Kotor 100.0% Municipality Tivat 69.2% 30.8% Ulcinj 38.6% 5.3% 14.0% 14.0% 28.1%

Montenegro 65.2% 29.5% 3.8% 1.5% Region 66.7% 24.1% 6.9% 1.1% 1.1% Russia 11.1% 44.4% 44.4% Albania 20.0% 40.0% 40.0% Tourists' Tourists' Other European Countries 13.1% 31.1% 16.4% 13.1% 26.2%

country of origin of country The rest of the world 75.0% 25.0%

Employed fulltime 50.2% 30.2% 9.8% 4.9% 4.9%

Employed part time 52.2% 39.1% 8.7% Self-employed 36.0% 24.0% 20.0% 4.0% 16.0% Student 57.9% 26.3% 15.8% Retired 60.0% 20.0% 5.0% 10.0% 5.0% Homemaker 100.0%

Unemployed 84.6% 7.7% 7.7% Employment status Employment Other Up to 10,000 EUR 75.0% 21.5% 2.8% 0.7% From 10,000 EUR to 20,000 42.6% 38.3% 12.8% 6.4% EUR From 20,000 EUR to 30,000 20.0% 50.0% 20.0% 6.7% 3.3%

EUR From 30,000 EUR to 40,000 15.4% 15.4% 23.1% 30.8% 15.4% EUR income From 40,000 EUR to 50,000 7.1% 14.3% 28.6% 21.4% 28.6% EUR From 50,000 EUR to 60,000 18.8% 43.8% 6.3% 31.3%

What is your average annual annual average your is What EUR More than 60,000 EUR 14.3% 28.6% 57.1%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

ALL RESPONDENTS

To what extent in average are your summer holidays based on contact with nature Not at all To some extent Mainly Completely Bar 30.2% 58.3% 11.5%

Budva 5.7% 56.8% 31.5% 6.0% Cetinje 9.4% 50.0% 31.3% 9.4% Herceg Novi 2.1% 54.5% 29.2% 14.2% Kotor 10.5% 57.9% 28.9% 2.6% Municipality Tivat 6.4% 83.0% 8.5% 2.1% Ulcinj 3.4% 47.3% 43.9% 5.4%

Montenegro 6.2% 56.4% 29.9% 7.4% Region 9.8% 56.1% 26.6% 7.5% Russia 12.4% 57.1% 26.7% 3.8% Albania 64.3% 35.7% Tourists' Tourists' Other European Countries 3.4% 53.8% 33.8% 9.0%

country of origin of country The rest of the world 9.5% 52.4% 38.1%

Employed fulltime 4.9% 58.8% 29.6% 6.7%

Employed part time 9.4% 43.8% 46.9% Self-employed 14.9% 53.2% 24.5% 7.4% Student 8.0% 65.9% 18.2% 8.0% Retired 46.8% 36.2% 17.0% Homemaker 16.7% 27.8% 50.0% 5.6%

Unemployed 15.7% 48.6% 27.1% 8.6% Employment status Employment Other 16.7% 50.0% 33.3% Up to 10,000 EUR 6.1% 55.5% 31.8% 6.7% From 10,000 EUR to 20,000 EUR 10.1% 50.0% 30.9% 9.0% From 20,000 EUR to 30,000 EUR 4.8% 60.2% 27.7% 7.2% From 30,000 EUR to 40,000 EUR 7.3% 53.7% 31.7% 7.3%

income From 40,000 EUR to 50,000 EUR 19.4% 51.6% 22.6% 6.5% What is your your is What

average annual annual average From 50,000 EUR to 60,000 EUR 20.8% 37.5% 20.8% 20.8% More than 60,000 EUR 72.7% 9.1% 18.2%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

To what extent this summer holiday in Montenegro is based on contact with nature Not at all To some extent Mainly Completely Bar 29.2% 58.3% 12.5%

Budva 6.4% 42.6% 45.1% 5.9% Cetinje 6.3% 50.0% 25.0% 18.8% Herceg Novi 2.6% 59.7% 25.3% 12.4% Kotor 10.5% 50.0% 36.8% 2.6% Municipality Tivat 6.4% 78.7% 12.8% 2.1% Ulcinj 2.0% 46.6% 45.3% 6.1%

Montenegro 6.6% 49.2% 35.4% 8.8% Region 9.8% 54.0% 29.3% 7.0% Russia 10.5% 47.6% 39.0% 2.9% Albania 85.7% 14.3% Tourists' Tourists' Other European Countries 4.1% 49.0% 41.4% 5.5%

country of origin of country The rest of the world 4.8% 66.7% 28.6%

Employed fulltime 5.1% 52.0% 35.5% 7.4%

Employed part time 9.4% 42.2% 48.4% Self-employed 11.6% 44.2% 38.9% 5.3% Student 8.0% 68.2% 21.6% 2.3% Retired 38.3% 44.7% 17.0% Homemaker 22.2% 27.8% 38.9% 11.1%

Unemployed 17.1% 51.4% 21.4% 10.0% Employment status Employment Other 16.7% 50.0% 16.7% 16.7% Up to 10,000 EUR 6.3% 52.8% 33.4% 7.6% From 10,000 EUR to 20,000 EUR 8.9% 48.3% 34.4% 8.3% From 20,000 EUR to 30,000 EUR 6.0% 55.4% 34.9% 3.6% From 30,000 EUR to 40,000 EUR 7.3% 48.8% 41.5% 2.4%

income From 40,000 EUR to 50,000 EUR 19.4% 48.4% 22.6% 9.7% What is your your is What

average annual annual average From 50,000 EUR to 60,000 EUR 20.8% 41.7% 25.0% 12.5% More than 60,000 EUR 63.6% 27.3% 9.1%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Do you think you are well informed about the nature friendly tourism in Montenegro Yes No Bar 27.1% 72.9% Budva 33.1% 66.9% Cetinje 40.6% 59.4% Municipality Herceg Novi 32.2% 67.8% Kotor 65.8% 34.2% Tivat 36.2% 63.8% Ulcinj 21.6% 78.4% Montenegro 29.0% 71.0% Region 34.4% 65.6% Tourists' Russia 41.9% 58.1% country of Albania 35.7% 64.3% origin Other European Countries 30.6% 69.4% The rest of the world 47.6% 52.4% Employed fulltime 36.4% 63.6% Employed part time 23.4% 76.6% Self-employed 35.8% 64.2% Employment Student 23.9% 76.1% status Retired 31.9% 68.1% Homemaker 11.1% 88.9% Unemployed 17.1% 82.9% Other 100.0% Up to 10,000 EUR 27.9% 72.1% From 10,000 EUR to 20,000 EUR 43.3% 56.7% What is your From 20,000 EUR to 30,000 EUR 32.9% 67.1% average From 30,000 EUR to 40,000 EUR 22.0% 78.0% annual From 40,000 EUR to 50,000 EUR 35.5% 64.5% income From 50,000 EUR to 60,000 EUR 33.3% 66.7% More than 60,000 EUR 9.1% 90.9%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Do you do things to reduce the use of natural resources and energy on your holiday Yes No Bar 99.0% 1.0% Budva 74.7% 25.3% Cetinje 87.5% 12.5% Municipality Herceg Novi 73.0% 27.0% Kotor 84.2% 15.8% Tivat 80.9% 19.1% Ulcinj 63.3% 36.7% Montenegro 72.8% 27.2% Region 80.4% 19.6% Tourists' country of Russia 81.9% 18.1% origin Albania 53.8% 46.2% Other European Countries 78.5% 21.5% The rest of the world 75.0% 25.0% Employed fulltime 76.5% 23.5% Employed part time 65.6% 34.4% Self-employed 83.2% 16.8% Student 58.0% 42.0% Employment status Retired 91.5% 8.5% Homemaker 88.9% 11.1% Unemployed 78.3% 21.7% Other 100.0% Up to 10,000 EUR 66.5% 33.5% From 10,000 EUR to 20,000 EUR 84.9% 15.1% What is your From 20,000 EUR to 30,000 EUR 85.2% 14.8% average annual From 30,000 EUR to 40,000 EUR 85.4% 14.6% income From 40,000 EUR to 50,000 EUR 93.5% 6.5% From 50,000 EUR to 60,000 EUR 100.0% More than 60,000 EUR 81.8% 18.2%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Which activities you use in order to reduce use of natural resources while in Montenegro Take a quick Switch off Switch off Use shower lights when air Re-use local Hire a instead of a leaving conditioni Walk Other towels bus bike bath (saving room/apart ng when service water) ment out Bar 2.0% 9.6% 13.9% 14.7% 7.3% 1.1%

Budva 29.0% 27.1% 37.1% 36.2% 26.8% 43.7% 47.5% 75.0% Cetinje 3.2% 5.0% 2.4% 2.1% 1.6% 1.9% 4.6% Herceg Novi 34.2% 25.7% 24.4% 25.0% 30.1% 16.5% 23.0% 25.0% Kotor 5.7% 7.3% 4.1% 4.0% 10.6% 12.6% 5.7% Municipality Tivat 6.0% 9.6% 5.1% 4.8% 22.0% 23.3% 8.7% Ulcinj 19.8% 15.6% 13.0% 13.3% 1.6% 1.9% 9.3% Montenegro 48.0% 37.6% 51.4% 50.1% 47.2% 40.8% 53.3% 75.0% Region 21.6% 29.8% 21.9% 22.2% 20.3% 21.4% 22.1% 25.0%

Russia 9.8% 9.6% 10.3% 9.8% 7.3% 15.5% 10.4%

Albania 1.7% 1.8% 0.8% 0.8%

origin Other European 17.0% 19.7% 13.5% 14.7% 17.1% 18.4% 12.8% Countries

The rest of the 2.0% 1.4% 2.1% 2.4% 8.1% 3.9% 1.4% Tourists' country of country Tourists' world Employed fulltime 62.8% 58.7% 61.1% 62.6% 63.4% 75.7% 64.5% 25.0%

Employed part 6.1% 7.8% 5.8% 5.4% 5.7% 3.9% 4.1% 12.5% time Self-employed 6.6% 8.3% 10.2% 9.4% 5.7% 6.8% 7.9% 12.5% Student 7.2% 7.8% 6.8% 6.6% 8.9% 8.7% 8.7% Retired 7.8% 6.4% 6.1% 5.9% 6.5% 1.9% 6.8% 25.0% Homemaker 2.0% 1.8% 2.1% 1.9% 2.4% 1.4% 12.5%

Employment status Employment Unemployed 6.3% 7.8% 7.3% 7.2% 5.7% 1.9% 5.7% Other 1.2% 1.4% 0.8% 1.0% 1.6% 1.0% 0.8% 12.5%

Up to 10,000 EUR 58.5% 51.9% 54.1% 52.0% 58.6% 48.9% 61.2% 87.5% From 10,000 EUR 16.1% 19.2% 22.3% 22.8% 19.8% 19.1% 17.8% 12.5% to 20,000 EUR From 20,000 EUR 10.3% 12.1% 9.5% 9.7% 7.8% 16.0% 11.3% to 30,000 EUR From 30,000 EUR 5.5% 5.1% 4.9% 5.0% 3.4% 6.4% 3.9% to 40,000 EUR From 40,000 EUR 3.9% 6.1% 4.1% 4.7% 5.2% 3.2% 3.2% to 50,000 EUR From 50,000 EUR 3.6% 3.3% 3.9% 4.3% 3.4% 5.3% 1.6% to 60,000 EUR More than 60,000 2.1% 2.3% 1.2% 1.4% 1.7% 1.1% 1.0% What is your average annual income annual average your is What EUR

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Are you planning to visit Montenegro again within the next five years Yes No Bar 100.0% Budva 95.5% 4.5% Cetinje 89.7% 10.3% Municipality Herceg Novi 95.3% 4.7% Kotor 94.7% 5.3% Tivat 91.5% 8.5% Ulcinj 97.3% 2.7% Montenegro 98.2% 1.8% Region 96.7% 3.3% Tourists' country of Russia 96.2% 3.8% origin Albania 100.0% Other European Countries 86.1% 13.9% The rest of the world 90.5% 9.5% Employed fulltime 96.4% 3.6% Employed part time 90.6% 9.4% Self-employed 98.9% 1.1% Student 94.3% 5.7% Employment status Retired 93.6% 6.4% Homemaker 100.0% Unemployed 92.9% 7.1% Other 100.0% Up to 10,000 EUR 96.6% 3.4% From 10,000 EUR to 20,000 EUR 95.0% 5.0% From 20,000 EUR to 30,000 EUR 96.4% 3.6% What is your average From 30,000 EUR to 40,000 EUR 92.7% 7.3% annual income From 40,000 EUR to 50,000 EUR 93.5% 6.5% From 50,000 EUR to 60,000 EUR 87.5% 12.5% More than 60,000 EUR 81.8% 18.2%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

How important do you think nature friendly tourism is likely to be for the future Very Quite Important Not very Not at all important important Bar 15.6% 45.8% 33.3% 5.2%

Budva 24.4% 29.6% 25.4% 15.9% 4.7% Cetinje 56.3% 18.8% 21.9% 3.1% Herceg Novi 38.6% 23.6% 23.2% 14.2% .4% Kotor 31.6% 31.6% 18.4% 18.4% Municipality Tivat 27.7% 44.7% 21.3% 6.4% Ulcinj 28.1% 21.2% 34.2% 11.6% 4.8%

Montenegro 26.7% 26.1% 28.7% 15.1% 3.4% Region 28.5% 28.5% 26.2% 13.6% 3.3% origin Russia 33.7% 37.5% 24.0% 4.8% Albania 14.3% 14.3% 28.6% 28.6% 14.3% Tourists' Tourists' Other European Countries 36.4% 30.8% 21.0% 10.5% 1.4%

country of of country The rest of the world 19.0% 57.1% 19.0% 4.8%

Employed fulltime 30.1% 32.5% 23.9% 11.9% 1.6%

Employed part time 25.0% 26.6% 29.7% 14.1% 4.7% Self-employed 32.6% 27.4% 24.2% 11.6% 4.2% Student 21.6% 19.3% 28.4% 23.9% 6.8% Retired 43.5% 23.9% 26.1% 6.5% Homemaker 22.2% 11.1% 27.8% 22.2% 16.7%

Unemployed 15.9% 26.1% 44.9% 11.6% 1.4% Employment status Employment Other 50.0% 16.7% 16.7% 16.7% Up to 10,000 EUR 22.4% 26.2% 29.1% 18.7% 3.5% From 10,000 EUR to 20,000 EUR 20.2% 33.7% 32.0% 11.2% 2.8% From 20,000 EUR to 30,000 EUR 30.1% 38.6% 21.7% 6.0% 3.6% From 30,000 EUR to 40,000 EUR 34.1% 43.9% 17.1% 2.4% 2.4%

income From 40,000 EUR to 50,000 EUR 51.6% 35.5% 12.9% What is your your is What

average annual annual average From 50,000 EUR to 60,000 EUR 66.7% 25.0% 8.3% More than 60,000 EUR 81.8% 9.1% 9.1%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Which of the following statements best describes what low carbon tourism is An economic growth Measure to Decreasing pattern under the decrease CO2 Ecological human guidance of the emissions in Other footprint impact on concept of sustainable the nature development atmosphere Bar 17.7% 59.4% 22.9%

Budva 8.7% 38.5% 15.9% 35.2% 1.7% Cetinje 9.4% 18.8% 25.0% 46.9% Herceg Novi 15.0% 24.9% 17.6% 42.1% .4% Kotor 60.5% 5.3% 34.2% Municipality Tivat 4.3% 42.6% 21.3% 29.8% 2.1% Ulcinj 11.5% 45.9% 14.9% 26.4% 1.4%

Montenegro 8.2% 37.1% 15.8% 37.5% 1.4% Region 10.7% 36.4% 23.8% 28.5% 0.5% Russia 10.6% 31.7% 26.0% 30.8% 1.0% Albania 14.3% 28.6% 21.4% 35.7% Tourists' Tourists' Other European Countries 9.7% 25.5% 28.3% 35.2% 1.4%

country of origin of country The rest of the world 4.8% 47.6% 14.3% 33.3%

Employed fulltime 8.0% 35.8% 20.9% 34.3% 1.0%

Employed part time 15.6% 35.9% 9.4% 39.1% Self-employed 10.6% 39.4% 23.4% 25.5% 1.1% Student 10.2% 37.5% 17.0% 34.1% 1.1% Retired 10.6% 34.0% 14.9% 36.2% 4.3% Homemaker 16.7% 22.2% 38.9% 16.7% 5.6%

Unemployed 5.7% 18.6% 27.1% 48.6% Employment status Employment Other 33.3% 33.3% 16.7% 16.7% Up to 10,000 EUR 10.0% 34.7% 17.2% 36.7% 1.5% From 10,000 EUR to 20,000 EUR 8.4% 39.3% 29.2% 22.5% 0.6% From 20,000 EUR to 30,000 EUR 9.6% 42.2% 19.3% 27.7% 1.2% From 30,000 EUR to 40,000 EUR 12.2% 17.1% 41.5% 29.3%

income From 40,000 EUR to 50,000 EUR 6.5% 32.3% 38.7% 22.6% What is your your is What

average annual annual average From 50,000 EUR to 60,000 EUR 16.7% 20.8% 33.3% 29.2% More than 60,000 EUR 36.4% 45.5% 18.2%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Are you interested to decrease your impact on nature through the low carbon tourism Yes No Bar 63.5% 36.5% Budva 71.6% 28.4% Cetinje 86.7% 13.3% Municipality Herceg Novi 70.9% 29.1% Kotor 52.6% 47.4% Tivat 66.0% 34.0% Ulcinj 71.9% 28.1% Montenegro 70.3% 29.7% Region 72.0% 28.0% Tourists' country Russia 71.2% 28.8% of origin Albania 28.6% 71.4% Other European Countries 70.9% 29.1% The rest of the world 66.7% 33.3% Employed fulltime 71.4% 28.6% Employed part time 73.4% 26.6% Self-employed 75.8% 24.2% Employment Student 58.6% 41.4% status Retired 84.4% 15.6% Homemaker 50.0% 50.0% Unemployed 61.8% 38.2% Other 50.0% 50.0% Up to 10,000 EUR 67.6% 32.4% From 10,000 EUR to 20,000 EUR 65.5% 34.5% What is your From 20,000 EUR to 30,000 EUR 78.0% 22.0% average annual From 30,000 EUR to 40,000 EUR 72.5% 27.5% income From 40,000 EUR to 50,000 EUR 67.7% 32.3% From 50,000 EUR to 60,000 EUR 83.3% 16.7% More than 60,000 EUR 90.9% 9.1%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

How you define what carbon footprint is The total sets of Decreasing Decreasing Decreasing greenhouse gas Decreasing Decreasing CO2 CO2 CO2 emissions caused CO2 CO2 Don’t emissions emissions emissions by an emissions in emissions know in land in air in water organization, accommoda in tourism transport transport transport event, product or tion activities person Bar 1.0% 3.1% 25.0% 24.0% 46.9%

Budva 3.2% 1.0% 1.2% 27.6% 2.2% 6.7% 58.1% Cetinje 3.1% 25.0% 3.1% 68.8% Herceg Novi 1.3% 2.6% 1.7% 19.7% 8.6% 10.3% 55.8% Kotor 68.4% 5.3% 5.3% 21.1% Municipality Tivat 38.3% 6.4% 12.8% 8.5% 10.6% 23.4% Ulcinj 8.1% 4.7% 2.7% 37.8% 2.0% 1.4% 43.2% Montenegro 2.6% 6.6% 1.0% 20.2% 5.8% 5.0% 58.8% Region 1.9% 4.7% 2.8% 26.0% 2.8% 12.1% 49.8%

Russia 1.9% 3.8% 2.9% 35.2% 6.7% 13.3% 36.2%

Albania 7.1% 14.3% 14.3% 64.3%

origin Other European 4.8% 4.8% 3.4% 20.7% 11.0% 10.3% 44.8% Countries The rest of the Tourists' country of country Tourists' 4.8% 28.6% 33.3% 9.5% 9.5% 14.3% world Employed 1.8% 6.4% 2.1% 24.9% 6.7% 7.9% 50.2%

fulltime

Employed part 3.1% 10.9% 23.4% 3.1% 10.9% 48.4% time Self-employed 6.3% 2.1% 3.2% 26.3% 6.3% 9.5% 46.3% Student 14.8% 1.1% 15.9% 2.3% 5.7% 60.2% Retired 10.6% 2.1% 25.5% 6.4% 10.6% 44.7%

Homemaker 5.6% 5.6% 11.1% 77.8% Employment status Employment Unemployed 5.7% 1.4% 1.4% 18.6% 5.7% 8.6% 58.6% Other 16.7% 16.7% 66.7% Up to 10,000 2.0% 6.8% 1.5% 22.1% 4.4% 5.5% 57.6% EUR 10,000 EUR to 2.8% 5.6% 2.2% 26.7% 5.6% 10.0% 47.2% 20,000 EUR 20,000 EUR to 2.4% 6.0% 2.4% 36.1% 12.0% 10.8% 30.1% 30,000 EUR 30,000 EUR to 9.8% 2.4% 2.4% 39.0% 12.2% 9.8% 24.4% 40,000 EUR 40,000 EUR to 3.2% 22.6% 6.5% 16.1% 9.7% 16.1% 25.8% 50,000 EUR 50,000 EUR to 8.3% 4.2% 25.0% 16.7% 29.2% 16.7% 60,000 EUR

What is your average annual income annual average your is What More than 9.1% 9.1% 9.1% 54.5% 9.1% 9.1% 60,000 EUR

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Have you ever calculated your Would you be interested in calculating carbon footprint your carbon footprint Yes No Yes No Bar 100.0% 54.2% 45.8%

Budva 3.7% 96.3% 53.6% 46.4% Cetinje 100.0% 53.1% 46.9% Herceg Novi 1.3% 98.7% 44.6% 55.4% Kotor 100.0% 34.2% 65.8% Municipality Tivat 2.1% 97.9% 63.0% 37.0% Ulcinj 2.0% 98.0% 40.7% 59.3%

Montenegro 1.2% 98.8% 49.2% 50.8% Region 2.3% 97.7% 48.3% 51.7% Russia 3.8% 96.2% 47.5% 52.5% Albania 100.0% 28.6% 71.4% Tourists' Tourists' Other European Countries 4.1% 95.9% 52.5% 47.5%

country of origin of country The rest of the world 4.8% 95.2% 61.9% 38.1%

Employed fulltime 2.9% 97.1% 52.2% 47.8%

Employed part time 100.0% 48.4% 51.6% Self-employed 2.1% 97.9% 58.9% 41.1% Student 100.0% 30.7% 69.3% Retired 2.1% 97.9% 61.7% 38.3% Homemaker 100.0% 27.8% 72.2%

Unemployed 1.4% 98.6% 34.8% 65.2% Employment status Employment Other 100.0% 33.3% 66.7% Up to 10,000 EUR 1.1% 98.9% 41.8% 58.2% From 10,000 EUR to 20,000 1.7% 98.3% 50.6% 49.4% EUR From 20,000 EUR to 30,000 3.6% 96.4% 51.3% 48.8%

EUR From 30,000 EUR to 40,000 9.8% 90.2% 52.6% 47.4% EUR income From 40,000 EUR to 50,000 9.7% 90.3% 50.0% 50.0% EUR From 50,000 EUR to 60,000 4.2% 95.8% 75.0% 25.0% What is your average annual annual average your is What EUR More than 60,000 EUR 9.1% 90.9% 60.0% 40.0%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

How much are you willing to pay for that on annual basis From 50 to 100 More than 100 Up to 10 EUR From 10 to 50 EUR EUR EUR Bar 60.8% 33.3% 5.9%

Budva 62.1% 30.5% 5.9% 1.5% Cetinje 58.8% 35.3% 5.9% Herceg Novi 71.6% 23.5% 3.9% 1.0% Kotor 46.2% 46.2% 7.7% Municipality Tivat 37.9% 48.3% 10.3% 3.4% Ulcinj 47.5% 20.3% 25.4% 6.8%

Montenegro 71.3% 24.6% 2.9% 1.2% Region 57.4% 36.2% 4.3% 2.1% Russia 54.2% 39.6% 6.3% Albania 25.0% 75.0% Tourists' Tourists' Other European Countries 36.6% 29.6% 28.2% 5.6%

country of origin of country The rest of the world 38.5% 46.2% 15.4%

Employed fulltime 58.1% 31.4% 9.6% 1.0%

Employed part time 76.7% 20.0% 3.3% Self-employed 46.4% 37.5% 14.3% 1.8% Student 63.0% 33.3% 3.7% Retired 63.0% 22.2% 7.4% 7.4% Homemaker 80.0% 20.0%

Unemployed 83.3% 16.7% Employment status Employment Other 100.0% Up to 10,000 EUR 77.3% 21.8% 0.5% 0.5% From 10,000 EUR to 20,000 EUR 51.7% 39.1% 6.9% 2.3% From 20,000 EUR to 30,000 EUR 41.0% 38.5% 15.4% 5.1% From 30,000 EUR to 40,000 EUR 50.0% 20.0% 20.0% 10.0%

income From 40,000 EUR to 50,000 EUR 13.3% 40.0% 46.7% What is your your is What

average annual annual average From 50,000 EUR to 60,000 EUR 17.6% 35.3% 47.1% More than 60,000 EUR 16.7% 50.0% 33.3%

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Would you pay more for your vacation if it will fund low carbon projects in Montenegro Yes No Bar 42.1% 57.9% Budva 44.3% 55.7% Cetinje 50.0% 50.0% Municipality Herceg Novi 61.8% 38.2% Kotor 35.1% 64.9% Tivat 61.7% 38.3% Ulcinj 44.2% 55.8% Montenegro 47.0% 53.0% Region 45.0% 55.0% Tourists' country of Russia 58.7% 41.3% origin Albania 28.6% 71.4% Other European Countries 54.5% 45.5% The rest of the world 57.1% 42.9% Employed fulltime 50.4% 49.6% Employed part time 45.3% 54.7% Self-employed 56.4% 43.6% Student 40.9% 59.1% Employment status Retired 55.3% 44.7% Homemaker 22.2% 77.8% Unemployed 42.9% 57.1% Other 33.3% 66.7% Up to 10,000 EUR 42.2% 57.8% From 10,000 EUR to 20,000 EUR 51.7% 48.3% From 20,000 EUR to 30,000 EUR 71.1% 28.9% What is your average From 30,000 EUR to 40,000 EUR 70.7% 29.3% annual income From 40,000 EUR to 50,000 EUR 64.5% 35.5% From 50,000 EUR to 60,000 EUR 83.3% 16.7% More than 60,000 EUR 90.9% 9.1%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Annex 5: Questionnaire 2 for interviewing travel and tourism sector representatives

Name and surname of the surveyor: ______Date: ______

Company Name: Municipality: E-mail: Phone number: Year of establishing: Respondents’ position:

6. Where do your guests/clients come from? Part 1: General information about the company Note: Please rank 1 or 5 (1-Most frequent, 5-Least frequent) Rank 1 or 5 1. To which part of tourism industry sector your company belongs? Domestic market (Montenegro) Annual Number of Western Balkan countries/Region occupancy beds EU rate (%) Asia 1. Hotel Africa 2. Hotel-apartment North America 3. Boarding-house South America 4. Motel Australia 5. Tourist settlement 6. Tourist apartment 7. Which activities do you offer your clients/guests? 7. Overnight accommodation Note: Put X where appropriate. 8. Private households (renting rooms) Mark with X 9. Transportation Sunbathing 10. Restaurants Swimming 11. Cafés Cruising 12. Inns Eco tours 13. Health spa Cycling 14. Mountain huts and lodges Kayaking 15. Workers' hostels Horse riding 16. Children and youth hostels Paragliding 17. Camping sites Kite surfing 18. Sleeping cars Active tourism (list) 19. Other, please specify (write down in Other, specify the field below) 8. To what extent is your business affected by seasonality? 2. Number of full time employees: Note: Select one answer. ______1. We have steady flow visitors throughout the whole year Note: Enter the number. 2. Off-peak season is a problem 3. Number of part-time/seasonal employees: 3. It is greatly affected by seasonality ______4. We don’t operate in off-season

Note: Enter the number. 5. Other, please specify ______4. Your annual turnover of the tourism sector (in 2014): 9. Is your company investing in energy efficiency? 1. Up to 100,000 EUR

2. From 100,0000 EUR to 500,000 EUR 1. Yes

3. From 500,000 EUR to 1,000,000 EUR 2. No Go to question 12. 3. No, but we are planning to invest Go to question 12. 4. More than 1,000,000 EUR

5. What kind of marketing tools do you use to promote your 10. Which were modes of investment in energy efficiency? Note: Possibility to provide multiple answers. company? Note: Please rank 1 or 5 (1-Most frequent, 5-Least frequent) 1. We set a new insulation - doors 1 or 5 2. We set a new insulation – windows Website 3. New heating systems (pellets) Brochures 4. New cooling system Online booking 5. We replaced the lighting system Tour operators 6. New walls, insulation Travel advice 7. Use of alternative energy sources (solar panels) Included into other accommodation sector offers 8. Other, specify______

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11. What was the amount of your investments in energy 22. Are you ready to invest further in your vehicles to switch on efficiency? organic and alternative fuels in order to attract more passengers or 1. Up to 10,000 EUR how to attract a certain category of tourists? 2. From 10,000 EUR to 50,000 EUR 1. Yes (How much on annual level (in EUR) ______) 3. From 50,000 EUR to 100,000 EUR 2. No 4. From 100,000 EUR to 500,000 EUR 5. More than 500,000 EUR Part 2: Eco-tourism

12. Have you ever invested in renewable energy sources? 23. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? 1. Yes Note: Tick the field with an X. 2. No Go to question 14. Somew Somew Strongly Disag Strongly 3. No, but we are planning to invest Go to question 14. Agree hat hat agree ree disagree agree disagree 13. If yes, in which renewable energy sources your company has Climate change has invested? a great impact on Note: Possibility to provide multiple answers. the tourism sector 1. Solar energy development 2. Wind energy I understand the 3. Small hydropower plants concept on eco- 4. Biomass tourism Eco-tourism 14. Would you support a community-based waste collection represents a business in your area? significant part of 1. Yes the overall tourism 2. No industry Eco-tourism 15. Do you use water from Public Water Supply Company? capitalizes natural 1. Yes and cultural heritage 2. No (Please specify other water source) Eco-tourism is a ______long-term concept of sustainable 16. Did you use some water saving mechanisms? development 1. Yes (What kind?) Large scale nature- ______based resorts and 2. No investment 3. No, but we plan (Indicate how) developments violate the concept ______of eco-tourism 17. What are your monthly average costs for the following? Eco-tourism has a Type of cost Average monthly cost (EUR) great impact on tourism Electricity bill development in our Fuel municipality Water supply Eco-tourism will be Waste disposal important in the future 18. Do you think that municipality has enough financial resources for financing ‘green’ projects? 24. Which is age group you think that eco-tourists belong to? 1. 18-25 1. Yes, why ______2. 25-35 3. 35-50 2. No, why ______4. Over 50

19. Do you consider fuel pollution as important? 25. In your opinion what is your the annual income of the eco- 1. Yes tourists? 2. No 1. Up to 10,000 EUR

2. 10,000-30,000 EUR 20. Do you thing that tourists should consider choice of fuel type in 3. 30,000-50,000 EUR transportation when choosing their destination? 4. More than 50,000 EUR 1. Yes 2. No 26. How much do you think that eco-tourists spend during their visit to Montenegro (per person)? Note: Questions 21 and 22 are addressing only those entities 1. Less than 50 EUR that are engaged in transport services. 2. From 50 EUR to 100 EUR Others go to question 23. 3. From 100 EUR to 200 EUR 4. More than 200 EUR 21. What kind of fuel do you use in the transport of 5. I do not want to answer passengers/tourists? 27. Do you think you are enough informed about the eco-tourism

in Montenegro? ______1. Yes 2. No, Why?______

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

28. Do you think that environmental protection is on a satisfactory 36. How would you define what carbon footprint is? level in Montenegro? Note: Select one answer. 3. Yes 4. No, Why?______9. Decreasing CO2 emissions in land transport 10. Decreasing CO2 emissions in air transport 29. Do you think that services and facilities are on a satisfactory 11. Decreasing CO2 emissions in water transport level in Montenegro? 12. Decreasing CO2 emissions in accommodation 1. Yes 13. Decreasing CO2 emissions in tourism activities 2. No, Why? 14. The amount of gas emissions of greenhouse gases and CO2 as a result of an activity for a given period 30. Why should tourists choose Montenegro as a destination for 15. Other, specify ______eco-tourism? Note: Possibility to provide multiple answers. 37. Have you ever calculated your carbon footprint? 1. Pure nature 3. Yes

2. Quality of accommodation 4. No 3. Good prices 5. No, but we are interested to find out

4. Touristic facilities 38. Are you interested to participate on training program for the 5. Quality of service calculation of carbon footprint? 6. Other, state ______1. Yes 2. No

39. Are you willing to allocate funds on a voluntary basis in order to know the way of calculating the carbon footprint? Part 3: Low - carbon tourism 1. Yes

2. No Go to question 41. 31. Which of the following statements best describes what low carbon tourism is? 40 How much are you willing to pay for that on annual basis? Note: Select one answer. 1. Up to 10 EUR 2. From 10 to 50 EUR 6. An economic growth pattern under the guidance of the concept of 3. From 50 to 100 EUR sustainable development 4. More than 100 EUR 7. Measure to decrease CO2 emissions in the atmosphere 8. Ecological footprint Part 5: Eco-certification 9. Decreasing human impact on nature 10. Other, state 41. Which innovative practices are you applying in your company? Note: Possibility to provide multiple answers. ______1. Corporate Social Responsibility 32. Investments in development of low carbon/carbon neutral 2. ISO Standards tourism services and products will attract specific tourism markets 3. Eco-Management and Audit Scheme EMAS and generate income in long term: 4. Not any of them 1. Strongly agree 5. Other, please state______

2. Agree 42. Do you apply any environmental standardization scheme or 3. Somewhat agree 4. Somewhat disagree have a certified business segment? 5. Disagree 1. Yes 6. Strongly disagree a. Which standard / certificate? ______33. Do you agree that it should be established a National tourism fund for financing projects in area of CO2 reduction? 2. No, Why? ______1. Yes 2. No 3. No, but we are planning, Which 3. Don’t know one?______

34. Do you prefer to be additionally informed on climate change 43. Are you willing to pay for Eco-certification on voluntary or and tourism in the future? mandatory basis?? 1. Yes 1. Yes, on voluntary 2. No 2. Yes, on mandatory 3. Not at all Go to question 45.

44. How much are you willing to pay for eco-certification standards Part 4: Carbon foot print on annual basis? 1. Up to 100EUR

2. 100-300EUR 35. Do you know what carbon foot print is? 3. 300-500EUR 1. Yes 4. More than 500EUR

2. No 45. Are you interested to find out more about eco-certification in 3. No, but I am interested to find out Montenegro? 1. Yes 2. No

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

46. EU ECOLABEL FOR TOURIST ACCOMODATION Note: Appropriate only for accommodation facilities Fill in the fields with a YES / NO 1a. 1b. 1c.Are Have Does you EU Eco label criteria: you your planning heard facility to of: apply: introduce: At least 50 % of the electricity used for all purposes shall come from renewable energy sources (where applicable) No oil with S content > 0.1% and no coal as an energy source. Coal for decorative fireplaces is allowed If new heat generating capacity is installed within the duration of the Eco label award, it shall be a high efficiency cogeneration unit, a heat pump or an efficient boiler Efficiency of boilers shall be measured according to Directive 92/42/EC. Existing cogeneration units shall comply with the definition of high efficiency in Directive 2004/8/EC. Boiler efficiency > 88% as measured according to Directive 92/42/EEC.

Energy Any air conditioning system bought within the duration of the Eco-label award shall have at least Class A efficiency according to Directive 2002/31/EC. Appropriate window insulation. At least 80% of all light bulbs and 100% of light bulbs that are situated where they are likely to be turned on for more than 5 hours a day shall have an energy efficiency of class A as defined in Directive 98/11/EC. Compliance to national legislation and local building codes related to energy efficiency and energy performance of buildings Only use of appliances powered with renewable energy sources to heat outside areas.

Water flow from tap and shower < 9L/minute. Appropriate waste bins in toilets. Appropriate systems to avoid continuous flushing in urinals. Water plants and garden after sunset or before high sun.

Waste water has to be treated. Water saving Water Follow local waste water plan and water protection plan.

No-smoking section in common areas. Good maintenance and servicing of equipment, including yearly maintenance of boilers. Environmental policy statement and precise action programme. Staff training for application of environmental measures (including daily checking for leaks) and General General awareness rising. management Data collection (energy and water consumption, chemicals use and waste production). Facilitate waste separation by guests. Staff sorts hazardous waste as defined in Decision 2000/532/EC. Waste sorted and transported to appropriate site (if applicable).

No use of disposable products (soap, shampoo, shower caps, etc.). Waste Waste

reduction Except where required by law, no single dose packages shall be used for food service, with the exception of certain spreadable products.

Active information to guests on environmental policy, objectives and actions. Switch off air conditioning/heating when windows are open (when no automatic switch off is in

place). Switch off lights when leaving the room (when no automatic switch off is in place).

guests Information on how to save water in bathroom and toilets.

Information to to Information Invitation to use waste bin for appropriate waste instead of toilets. Invitation to inform staff of any leaks.

The following text shall appear: - “This tourist accommodation is actively taking measures to use

renewable energy sources, save energy and water, to reduce waste, to improve the local

EU EU

the the

Eco

mati

Infor label on on on on environment.”

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Annex 6: Manual for pollsters for interviewing travel and tourism sector representatives

Guide for Interviewers

Project Title: Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro, LCT 2015

Project Activity: Interviewing legal entities and individuals – tourists in 7 municipalities (Herceg Novi, Tivat, Kotor, Budva, Bar, Ulcinj and Cetinje)

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Terminology

Carbon dioxide in the gaseous state of aggregation. It is odorless, suffocating, flammable, and heavier than air. Produced of burned wood rotting organisms in the ground and fermenting grapes. The basic use is for the refrigerant in the transport. In large quantities it is harmful to animals and humans: if you inhale - would be suffocated.

The greenhouse effect is the process of heating the planet Earth that originated disrupting the energy balance between the amount of radiation that the Earth's surface receives from the sun and back into space. Part of the thermal radiation that reaches the Earth's crust, is reflected to the atmosphere and, instead of going into space, absorbed by some gases in the atmosphere and again absorb radiation to the Earth. In this way, the temperature of the Earth's surface increases. The gases that contribute most to this phenomenon are carbon dioxide and methane.

Ecotourism is by definition of TIES (The Tourism International Society) "responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment, sustains the well-being of the local people, and involves interpretation and education". Some basic features that are related to the concept of eco-tourism and accommodation offered to eco-travelers is naturally preserved areas, use of simple forms of accommodation, strict adherence to environmental protection, including a limited number of visitors. Guests that practice this type of holiday expect intact or partially altered environment, gaining experience in some way the joining together with nature.

Eco-certification is the fulfillment of certain environmental conditions and providing guarantees to consumers / customers that product / service does not contain elements which affect the environment and that offered product / service do not cause pollution and do not undermine sustainable development.

Low-carbon tourism with reduced emission of harmful gases, primarily carbon dioxide in all aspects of tourism: accommodation, food production, transport and offering, transportation and other.

Carbon Footprint is a metaphor and an acronym to describe the best estimate we can get for the full influence of something on climate change, in this case tourism. As a rule, the carbon footprint is calculated by assessing, not only carbon dioxide that observed activity generate and absorbe, but also all other emissions of greenhouse gases within a certain time period. The most common time period for calculating carbon footprint is one year.

Energy efficiency includes, in addition to saving devices (with small losses during transformation of one form of energy into another) and measures to be applied in order to reduce energy consumption.

Sustainable development is "development that fully meets the needs of the present without negative consequences for the ability of future generations to meet their own needs".

Renewable energy sources are permanent energy sources and energy resources used to produce electric or heating energy, or any useful work, and whose reserves are constantly or cyclically renewed.

Hazardous waste is any waste that contains elements or compounds that have any of the following characteristics: explosiveness, reactivity, flammability, irritability, noxiousness, toxicity, infectivity, carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, teratogenicity, eco-toxicity, oxidizing and/or corrosive characteristic and characteristic of release toxic gases through chemical or biological reaction.

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

General information about the Survey

About the Survey The Survey is related to reduce GHG emissions in Montenegrin tourism sector in order to gain the main CNT project objectives: (1) carbon neutral travel and tourism; (2) minimal energy use and transport in new green-field development projects; (3) helping tourism industry to identify and implement cost-effective mitigation options in travel and accommodation sector; (4) introduction of carbon offset scheme and other innovative financial mechanisms that can compensate residual emissions. In addition to this main objective, the Survey also aims to find out what is the familiarity of tourists and local entrepreneurs in the tourism sector about eco-tourism and offer, as well as to inform them about and to open up space to begin the implementation of this kind of work.

Who is conducting the Survey UNDP, the Centre for Sustainable Development engaged the E3 Consulting Company from Podgorica to conduct a comprehensive Survey on the impact of carbon dioxide, in order to its minimization in the tourism sector in Montenegro.

The Sample The study will include 100 legal entities and 1,000 tourists / visitors from six coastal municipalities (Herceg Novi, Tivat, Kotor, Budva, Bar and Ulcinj) and Cetinje. Respondents must be adults, older than 18 years.

Legal entities In addition to the main objective, the Survey also aims to find out the familiarity of local entrepreneurs in the tourism area of ecological tourism and offer, as well as to inform them about and to open up space to begin the implementation of this kind of work. 100 legal entities spread out across the three municipalities will be interviewed with defined exact name and address of the company/entrepreneur to be interviewed. It is also prepared and submitted a cover letter that precedes the arrival of interviewers.

Private individuals The Survey will include 1,000 tourists / visitors in six coastal municipalities (Herceg Novi, Tivat, Kotor, Budva, Bar and Ulcinj) and Cetinje. Respondents must be adults, older than 18 years. Half of the respondents must be foreign tourists - Western European, Russians, Albanians and others, and half of those surveyed local – from the region, the former Yugoslavia. It is desirable that respondents are evenly represented by gender.

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

The Questionnaire

Question 1: Number of beds applies to business entities that provide accommodation, a number of seats is related to restaurants, cafes, bus companies or rent-a-car agency.

Question 5 and Question 6: Respondents should rank either 1 or 5 (no 2,3,4)

Question 9: Explanation of what it energy efficiency means is above.

Question 10: This refers to the additional work / investments undertaken at the facilities.

Question 12: Explanation of what renewable energy is above.

Question 18: Be sure to give an explanation.

Question 23: Complete all fields.

Question 46: Fill entire table. Fields filled with words YES or NO.

GENERAL SUGGESTIONS

Preconditions for well completed questionnaire / precondition for the interviewer payment: 1. The questionnaires must be completed entirely. 2. Special attention should be given to that last question. 3. Each questionnaire to contains filled the header-name of company and contact for later control. 4. Half / partially completed questionnaire will not be counted as valid and will not be taken into account for payment.

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Annex 7: Basic analysis of survey among travel and tourism sector representatives – frequencies – for each question in the Questionnaire 2

Municipality Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Ulcinj 12 12.0 12.0 12.0 Tivat 8 8.0 8.0 20.0 Kotor 8 8.0 8.0 28.0 Bar 13 13.0 13.0 41.0 Cetinje 8 8.0 8.0 49.0 Budva 36 36.0 36.0 85.0 Herceg Novi 15 15.0 15.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0

Year of establishing Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Up to 1980 7 7.0 7.2 7.2 From 1980 to 1990 6 6.0 6.2 13.4 From 1990 to 2000 14 14.0 14.4 27.8 From 2000 to 2010 61 61.0 62.9 90.7 After 2010 9 9.0 9.3 100.0 Total 97 97.0 100.0 Missing System 3 3.0 Total 100 100.0

Respondents’ position Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Owner 51 51.0 51.0 51.0 Manager 15 15.0 15.0 66.0 Director 12 12.0 12.0 78.0 Employee in management 4 4.0 4.0 82.0 Employee in administration 8 8.0 8.0 90.0 Worker 10 10.0 10.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0

To which part of tourism industry sector your company belongs Frequency Percent Hotel 19 19.0 Apartment/Hotel 5 5.0 Pansion 1 1.0 Tourist settlement 1 1.0 Tourist apartment 21 21.0 Private households (renting rooms) 16 16.0 Transportation 16 16.0 Restaurants 14 14.0 Tourist agency / Tour-operator 7 7.0 Total 100 100 %

To which part of tourism industry sector your company belongs - Category Frequency Percent Collective accommodation 20 20.0 Individual accommodation 43 43.0 Transportation 16 16.0 Restaurant 14 14.0 Tourist agency 7 7.0 Total 100 100.0

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Capacity of tourism facilities: Number of beds/seats (transportation and tourist agencies Frequency Percent excluded Up to 10 17 22.1 From 10 to 30 25 32.5 From 30 to 100 19 24.7 From 100 to 500 13 16.9 More than 500 3 3.9 Total 77 100.0

Capacity of tourism facilities – statistics by type of N Mean Minimum Maximum Std. Deviation service (transportation and tourist agencies excluded) Hotel 19 186.8421 14.00 680.00 201.50249 Apartment/Hotel 5 19.6000 5.00 39.00 12.77889 Pansion 1 4.0000 4.00 4.00 . Tourist settlement 1 1985.0000 1985.00 1985.00 . Tourist apartment 21 18.8095 4.00 69.00 17.47747 Private households (renting rooms) 16 12.1250 4.00 25.00 5.38981 Restaurants 14 101.0714 30.00 250.00 71.83150 Total 77 99.2338 4.00 1985.00 251.44681

Type of service in tourism Annual Occupancy Rate Total Up to 20% 20% to 40% 40% to 60% 60% to 80% 80% to 100% Count 1 7 5 5 1 19 Hotel % 5.3 36.8 26.3 26.3 5.3 100.0 Count 1 2 1 1 0 5 Apartment / Hotel % 20.0 40.0 20.0 20.0 0.0 100.0 Count 0 0 1 0 0 1 Pansion % 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 Count 0 1 0 0 0 1 Tourist settlement % 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 Count 3 7 7 3 0 20 Tourist apartment % 15.0 35.0 35.0 15.0 0.0 100.0 Count 4 10 1 1 0 16 Private households % 25.0 62.5 6.2 6.2 0.0 100.0 Count 2 4 5 1 2 14 Transportation % 14.3 28.6 35.7 7.1 14.3 100.0 Count 2 5 2 2 0 11 Restaurants % 18.2 45.5 18.2 18.2 0.0 100.0 Tourist agency / Count 1 2 0 1 0 4 Tour-operator % 25.0 50.0 0.0% 25.0 0.0 100.0 Count 14 38 22 14 3 91 % 15.4 41.8 24.2 15.4 3.3 100.0

Annual occupancy rate by type of service-statistics by type of service N Mean Minimum Maximum Std. Deviation Hotel 19 51.8947 20.00 85.00 21.36689 Apartment/Hotel 5 46.0000 20.00 80.00 24.08319 Pansion 1 50.0000 50.00 50.00 . Tourist settlement 1 40.0000 40.00 40.00 . Tourist apartment 20 43.7500 10.00 80.00 17.90876 Private households (renting rooms) 16 30.6250 10.00 80.00 16.23936 Transportation 14 49.6429 15.00 100.00 25.07407 Restaurants 11 44.5455 20.00 80.00 19.16436 Tourist agency / Tour-operator 4 39.7500 19.00 70.00 21.91461 Total 91 44.1209 10.00 100.00 20.68646

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Number of full time employees-interval N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation Number of full time employees 79 1.00 250.00 9.7975 28.68368 Valid N (listwise) 79

Number of full time employees-interval Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Up to 10 62 62.0 78.5 78.5 From 10 to 50 16 16.0 20.3 98.7 From 50 to 250 1 1.0 1.3 100.0 Total 79 79.0 100.0 Missing System 21 21.0 Total 100 100 100.0

Number of part-time/seasonal employees N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation Number of part-time/seasonal employees 71 1.00 350.00 18.8451 48.87437 Valid N (listwise) 71

Number of part-time/seasonal employees Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Up to 10 53 53.0 74.6 74.6 From 10 to 50 14 14.0 19.7 94.4 From 50 to 100 1 1.0 1.4 95.8 From 100 to 150 1 1.0 1.4 97.2 More than 150 2 2.0 2.8 100.0 Total 71 71.0 100.0 Missing System 29 29.0 Total 100 100.0

Annual turnover of the tourism sector (in 2014) Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Up to 100.000 EUR 66 66.0 72.5 72.5 From 100.0000 EUR to 500.000 EUR 17 17.0 18.7 91.2 From 500.000 EUR to 1.000.000 EUR 5 5.0 5.5 96.7 More than 1.000.000 EUR 3 3.0 3.3 100.0 Total 91 91.0 100.0 Missing System 9 9.0 Total 100 100.0

What kind of marketing tools do you use to Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative promote your company Percent 1-Most frequent 42 42 51.2 51.2 Website 5-Least frequent 40 40 48.8 100 Total 82 82 100 1-Most frequent 48 48 53.3 53.3 Brochures 5-Least frequent 42 42 46.7 100 Total 90 90 100 1-Most frequent 36 36 47.4 47.4 Online booking 5-Least frequent 40 40 52.6 100 Total 76 76 100 1-Most frequent 53 53 65.4 65.4 Tour operators 5-Least frequent 28 28 34.6 100 Total 81 81 100 1-Most frequent 46 46 56.8 56.8 Travel advice 5-Least frequent 35 35 43.2 100 Total 81 81 100 Included into other 1-Most frequent 37 37 47.4 47.4 accommodation 5-Least frequent 41 41 52.6 100 sector offers Total 78 78 100

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Where do your guests/clients come from Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent 1-Most frequent 42 42 53,8 53,8 Domestic market (Montenegro) 5-Least frequent 36 36 46,2 100 Total 78 78 100 1-Most frequent 68 68 81,9 81,9 Western Balkan countries/Region 5-Least frequent 15 15 18,1 100 Total 83 83 100 1-Most frequent 70 70 83,3 83,3 From EU 5-Least frequent 14 14 16,7 100 Total 84 84 100 1-Most frequent 17 17 21,8 21,8 From Asia 5-Least frequent 61 61 78,2 100 Total 78 78 100 1-Most frequent 3 3 3,6 3,6 From Africa 5-Least frequent 81 81 96,4 100 Total 84 84 100 1-Most frequent 8 8 11 11 From North America 5-Least frequent 65 65 89 100 Total 73 73 100 1-Most frequent 1 1 1,3 1,3 From South America 5-Least frequent 74 74 98,7 100 Total 75 75 100 1-Most frequent 10 10 13 13 From Australia 5-Least frequent 67 67 87 100 Total 77 77 100

Which activities do you offer your clients/guests (More than one answer) Frequency Percent Sunbathing 38 38 Swimming 34 34 Active tourism (list) 18 19 Cruising 11 18 Other 9 18 Eco tours 3 11 Cycling 2 9 Kayaking 3 3 Paragliding 3 3 Kite surfing 19 3 Horse riding 18 2 Total 158 158

Other activities do you offer your clients/guests Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Not specified 1 5.6 5.6 5.6 Massage 1 5.6 5.6 11.1 Restaurant services 3 16.7 16.7 27.8 Sports 3 16.7 16.7 44.4 Tourist arangements 6 33.3 33.3 77.8 Transportation for tourists 4 22.2 22.2 100.0 Total 18 100.0 100.0

To what extent is your business affected by seasonality Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent We have steady flow visitors throughout the whole year 30 30.0 30.0 30.0 Off-peak season is a problem 6 6.0 6.0 36.0 It is greatly affected by seasonality 41 41.0 41.0 77.0 We don’t operate in off-season 23 23.0 23.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Is your company investing in energy efficiency Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 49 49.0 49.0 49.0 No 43 43.0 43.0 92.0 No. but we are planning to invest 8 8.0 8.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0

Which were modes of investment in energy efficiency Frequency Percent We set a new insulation - doors 31 63.27 We set a new insulation – windows 27 55.10 New walls, insulation 26 55.10 New heating systems (pellets) 24 53.06 New cooling system 16 48.98 We replaced the lighting system 27 32.65 Use of alternative energy sources (solar panels) 9 18.37 Other 2 4.08 Total 162 330.61

Other were modes of investment in energy efficiency Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent hybrid cars 1 50.0 50.0 50.0 smart room 1 50.0 50.0 100.0 Total 2 100.0 100.0

Note: Those who answered “Yes” to question No.9 What was the amount of your investments in Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative-Percent energy efficiency Up to 10.000 EUR 30 61.2 61.2 61.2 From 10.000 EUR to 50.000 EUR 8 16.3 16.3 77.6 From 50.000 EUR to 100.000 EUR 5 10.2 10.2 87.8 From 100.000 EUR to 500.000 EUR 3 6.1 6.1 93.9 More than 500.000 EUR 3 6.1 6.1 100.0 Total 49 100.0 100.0

Have you ever invested in renewable Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent energy sources Yes 21 21.0 21.0 21.0 No 65 65.0 65.0 86.0 No. but we are planning to invest 14 14.0 14.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0

Note: Those who answered “Yes” to question No.12 If yes. in which renewable energy sources your company has Frequency Percent invested (More than one answer) Solar energy 17 80.95 Biomass 2 9.52 Wind energy 1 4.76 Small hydropower plants 1 4.76 Total 21 100

Would you support a community-based waste Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent collection business in your area Yes 97 97.0 98.0 98.0 No 2 2.0 2.0 100.0 Total 99 99.0 100.0 Missing System 1 1.0 Total 100 100.0

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Do you use water from Public Water Supply Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Company Yes 96 96.0 96.0 96.0 No 4 4.0 4.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0

Do you use water from Public Water Supply Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Company - Other water source Not responded 1 25.0 25.0 25.0 Buy water 1 25.0 25.0 50.0 Have your water 1 25.0 25.0 75.0 Rainwater 1 25.0 25.0 100.0 Total 4 100.0 100.0

Did you use some water saving mechanisms Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 21 21.0 21.0 21.0 No 76 76.0 76.0 97.0 No. but we plan (Indicate how) 3 3.0 3.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0

Did you use some water savingmechanisms - Yes. specify Frequency Percent Well 4 19.0 Diffusers on the taps 3 14.3 Rainwater use 2 9.5 Savings flusher 2 9.5 Special cistern for water saving 2 9.5 Not responded 1 4.8 Draw attention to guests 1 4.8 Proper water supply system 1 4.8 Recycling waste water 1 4.8 Reduceda water pressure 1 4.8 Restrictions 1 4.8 Use machines with less water consumption 1 4.8 Use spring water 1 4.8 Total 21 100

Did you use some water saving mechanisms - No. Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent but we plan (Indicate how) Not responded 2 66.7 66.7 66.7 Use alternative sources 1 33.3 33.3 100.0 Total 3 100.0 100.0

Monthly average costs for the electricity N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation Stated amount of 1.000.000 EUR excluded 86 30.00 20000.00 855.6977 2298.95810 Valid N (listwise) 86

Monthly average costs for the electricity N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation Stated amount of 1.000.000 EUR and 20 000 are 85 30.00 4000.00 630.4706 966.25554 excluded Valid N (listwise) 85

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Monthly average costs for the fuel N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation All respondents 50 30.00 10000.00 958.6000 2154.13699 Valid N (listwise) 50

Monthly average costs for the fuel N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation Stated amount of 10000 excluded 48 30.00 5500.00 581.8750 1101.92222 Valid N (listwise) 48

Monthly average costs for the water N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation All respondents 83 5.00 15000.00 552.4699 1981.45739 Valid N (listwise) 83

Monthly average costs for the water N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation Stated amount of 10000 and 15000 are excluded 81 5.00 3000.00 257.4691 459.75817 Valid N (listwise) 81

Monthly average costs for Waste N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation All respondents 74 6.00 10000.00 257.2568 1169.73247 Valid N (listwise) 74

Monthly average costs for Waste N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation Stated amount of 10000 excluded 73 6.00 1000.00 123.7945 225.54477 Valid N (listwise) 73

Do you think that municipality has enough financial Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative resources for financing ‘green’ projects Percent Yes 32 32.0 33.0 33.0 No 65 65.0 67.0 100.0 Total 97 97.0 100.0 Missing System 3 3.0 Total 100 100.0

Why DO think that municipality has enough financial Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative resources for financing ‘green’ projects Percent From budget. high taxes. fees and other income 22 68.8 68.8 68.8 They do have. but do not invest 10 31.3 31.3 100.0 Total 32 100.0 100.0

Why DON’T think that municipality has enough financial Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative resources for financing ‘green’ projects Percent Not responded 3 4.6 4.6 4.6 Beacause of abuse of possition 8 12.3 12.3 16.9 Because of crisis 20 30.8 30.8 47.7 Because society standards is as it is 1 1.5 1.5 49.2 Because the government does not allow them to 1 1.5 1.5 50.8 I consider this as unimportant 1 1.5 1.5 52.3 I do not know 4 6.2 6.2 58.5 Insuficient sources 3 4.6 4.6 63.1 Lack of interest 7 10.8 10.8 73.8 Other priorities 10 15.4 15.4 89.2 Poor organization 6 9.2 9.2 98.5 The citizens do not think they should 1 1.5 1.5 100.0 Total 65 100.0 100.0

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Do you consider fuel pollution as important Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 85 85.0 86.7 86.7 No 13 13.0 13.3 100.0 Total 98 98.0 100.0 Missing System 2 2.0 Total 100 100.0

Do you thing that tourists should consider choice of fuel type in Frequency Percent Valid Cumulative transportation when choosing their destination Percent Percent Yes 41 41.0 43.6 43.6 No 53 53.0 56.4 100.0 Total 94 94.0 100.0 Missing System 6 6.0 Total 100 100.0

What kind of fuel do you use in the transport of Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative passengers/tourists Percent (Only those with the transportation as the main activity) Diesel gasoline 8 50.0 50.0 50.0 Diesel gasoline and gas 2 12.5 12.5 62.5 Diesel gasoline and gasoline 3 18.8 18.8 81.3 Gasoline 2 12.5 12.5 93.8 Gasoline (super 98) and electricity 1 6.3 6.3 100.0 Total 16 100.0 100.0

Are you ready to invest further in your vehicles to switch on Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative organic and alternative fuels in order to attract more passengers or Percent how to attract a certain category of tourists (Only those with the transportation as the main activity) Yes 9 56.3 56.3 56.3 No 7 43.8 43.8 100.0 Total 16 100.0 100.0

Ready is to invest further in your vehicles switch on organic and N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. alternative fuels in order to attract more passengers or how to Deviation attract a certain category of tourists How much on annual level (in EUR) 9 10 5000 1528.89 2007.956 Valid N (listwise) 9

Climate change has a great impact on the tourism sector development To what extent do you agree with the Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent following statements Strongly agree 41 41.0 41.0 41.0 Agree 40 40.0 40.0 81.0 Somewhat agree 14 14.0 14.0 95.0 Somewhat disagree 3 3.0 3.0 98.0 Disagree 1 1.0 1.0 99.0 Strongly disagree 1 1.0 1.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

I understand the concept on eco-tourism To what extent do you agree with the following statements Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Strongly agree 37 37.0 37.0 37.0 Agree 48 48.0 48.0 85.0 Somewhat agree 13 13.0 13.0 98.0 Somewhat disagree 1 1.0 1.0 99.0 Disagree 1 1.0 1.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0

Eco-tourism represents a significant part of the overall tourism industry To what extent do you agree with the following statements Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Strongly agree 36 36.0 36.4 36.4 Agree 40 40.0 40.4 76.8 Somewhat agree 17 17.0 17.2 93.9 Somewhat disagree 5 5.0 5.1 99.0 Disagree 1 1.0 1.0 100.0 Total 99 99.0 100.0 Missing System 1 1.0 Total 100 100.0

Eco-tourism capitalizes natural and cultural heritage To what extent do you agree with the following statements Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Strongly agree 40 40.0 40.4 40.4 Agree 39 39.0 39.4 79.8 Somewhat agree 18 18.0 18.2 98.0 Somewhat disagree 1 1.0 1.0 99.0 Disagree 1 1.0 1.0 100.0 Total 99 99.0 100.0 Missing System 1 1.0 Total 100 100.0

Eco-tourism is a long-term concept of sustainable development To what extent do you agree with the following statements Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Strongly agree 36 36.0 36.0 36.0 Agree 38 38.0 38.0 74.0 Somewhat agree 22 22.0 22.0 96.0 Somewhat disagree 3 3.0 3.0 99.0 Disagree 1 1.0 1.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0

Large scale nature-based resorts and investment developments violate the concept of eco-tourism To what extent do you agree with the following statements Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Strongly agree 24 24.0 24.2 24.2 Agree 26 26.0 26.3 50.5 Somewhat agree 22 22.0 22.2 72.7 Somewhat disagree 9 9.0 9.1 81.8 Disagree 16 16.0 16.2 98.0 Strongly disagree 2 2.0 2.0 100.0 Total 99 99.0 100.0 Missing System 1 1.0 Total 100 100.0

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Eco-tourism has a great impact on tourism development in our municipality To what extent do you agree with the following statements Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Strongly agree 20 20.0 20.0 20.0 Agree 29 29.0 29.0 49.0 Somewhat agree 26 26.0 26.0 75.0 Somewhat disagree 7 7.0 7.0 82.0 Disagree 14 14.0 14.0 96.0 Strongly disagree 4 4.0 4.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0

Eco-tourism will be important in the future To what extent do you agree with the following statements Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Strongly agree 50 50.0 50.0 50.0 Agree 39 39.0 39.0 89.0 Somewhat agree 10 10.0 10.0 99.0 Disagree 1 1.0 1.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0

Which is age group you think that eco-tourists belong to Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent From 18 to 25 5 5.0 5.0 5.0 From 25 to 35 11 11.0 11.0 16.0 From 35 to 50 56 56.0 56.0 72.0 Over 50 28 28.0 28.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0

In your opinion what is your the annual income of the eco- Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent tourists Up to 10.000 EUR 50 50.0 50.5 50.5 From 10.000 to 30.000 EUR 30 30.0 30.3 80.8 From 30.000 to 50.000 EUR 8 8.0 8.1 88.9 More than 50.000 EUR 11 11.0 11.1 100.0 Total 99 99.0 100.0 Missing System 1 1.0 Total 100 100.0

How much do you think that eco-tourists spend during Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative their visit to Montenegro (per person)? Percent Less than 50 EUR 46 46.0 46.0 46.0 From 50 EUR to 100 EUR 39 39.0 39.0 85.0 From 100 EUR to 200 EUR 9 9.0 9.0 94.0 More than 200 EUR 1 1.0 1.0 95.0 I do not want to answer 5 5.0 5.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0

Do you think you are enough informed about the eco- Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative tourism in Montenegro Percent Yes 49 49.0 50.0 50.0 No 49 49.0 50.0 100.0 Total 98 98.0 100.0 Missing System 2 2.0 Total 100 100.0

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Why DON’T sufficiently informed about the eco-tourism Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative in Montenegro Percent No response 1 2.0 2.0 2.0 Because eco-tourism is not sufficiently developed 1 2.0 2.0 4.1 I'm not interested 5 10.2 10.2 14.3 Lack of available information 20 40.8 40.8 55.1 Poor media / advertising coverage 21 42.9 42.9 98.0 Poor organization 1 2.0 2.0 100.0 Total 49 100.0 100.0

Do you think that environmental protection is on a Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative satisfactory level in Montenegro Percent Yes 38 38,0 38,4 38,4 No 61 61,0 61,6 100,0 Total 99 99,0 100,0 Missing System 1 1,0 Total 100 100,0

Why DON’T think that environmental protection is Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative satisfactory level in Montenegro Percent No response 4 6.6 6.6 6.6 Dirtiness (solid waste. waste water...) 12 19.7 19.7 26.2 Disregard of legislation 2 3.3 3.3 29.5 I don't know 1 1.6 1.6 31.1 Lack of care and will 24 39.3 39.3 70.5 No investment 8 13.1 13.1 83.6 Poor management and government 7 11.5 11.5 95.1 Uncontrolled construction 3 4.9 4.9 100.0 Total 61 100.0 100.0

Do you think that services and facilities are on a Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative satisfactory level in Montenegro Percent Yes 56 56.0 57.1 57.1 No 42 42.0 42.9 100.0 Total 98 98.0 100.0 Missing System 2 2.0 Total 100 100.0

Why DON’T think that services and facilities are on a Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative satisfactory level in Montenegro Percent No response 10 23.8 23.8 23.8 Could be better 1 2.4 2.4 26.2 Dirtiness (waste. pollution) 3 7.1 7.1 33.3 For many reasons 1 2.4 2.4 35.7 Insufficient capacities (human. investments…) 17 40.5 40.5 76.2 Lack of care 5 11.9 11.9 88.1 No regulated parking service 1 2.4 2.4 90.5 Poor management and government 2 4.8 4.8 95.2 Unprofessionalism 2 4.8 4.8 100.0 Total 42 100.0 100.0

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Why should tourists choose Montenegro as a destination for eco-tourism Frequency Percent Pure nature 78 78 Quality of accommodation 19 19 Good prices 42 42 Touristic facilities 15 15 Quality of service 14 14 Other 3 3 Total 171 171

Other reasons for choosing Montenegro as a Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent destination for eco-tourism Eco tourists do not choose Montenegro 1 33.3 33.3 33.3 Excelent food 1 33.3 33.3 66.7 Hospitality 1 33.3 33.3 100.0 Total 3 100.0 100.0

Which of the following statements best describes what low Frequency Percent Valid Cumulative carbon tourism is Percent Percent An economic growth pattern under the guidance of the concept of 11 11.0 11.1 11.1 sustainable development Measure to decrease CO2 emissions in the atmosphere 30 30.0 30.3 41.4 Ecological footprint 23 23.0 23.2 64.6 Decreasing human impact on nature 35 35.0 35.4 100.0 Total 99 99.0 100.0 Missing System 1 1.0 Total 100 100.0

Investments in development of low carbon/carbon neutral tourism Frequency Percent Valid Cumulative services and products will attract specific tourism markets and Percent Percent generate income in long term Strongly agree 14 14.0 14.0 14.0 Agree 34 34.0 34.0 48.0 Somewhat agree 40 40.0 40.0 88.0 Somewhat disagree 7 7.0 7.0 95.0 Disagree 5 5.0 5.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0

Do you agree that it should be established a National tourism fund for Frequency Percent Valid Cumulative financing projects in area of CO2 reduction Percent Percent Yes 60 60.0 60.0 60.0 No 9 9.0 9.0 69.0 Don’t know 31 31.0 31.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0

Do you prefer to be additionally informed on climate change and Frequency Percent Valid Cumulative tourism in the future Percent Percent Yes 75 75.0 75.0 75.0 No 25 25.0 25.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0

Do you know what carbon foot print is Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 16 16.0 16.0 16.0 No 56 56.0 56.0 72.0 No. but I am interested to find out 28 28.0 28.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

How would you define what carbon footprint is Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Decreasing CO2 emissions in land transport 27 27.0 27.3 27.3 Decreasing CO2 emissions in air transport 19 19.0 19.2 46.5 Decreasing CO2 emissions in water transport 1 1.0 1.0 47.5 Decreasing CO2 emissions in accommodation 10 10.0 10.1 57.6 Decreasing CO2 emissions in tourism activities 12 12.0 12.1 69.7 The amount of gas emissions of greenhouse gases 29 29.0 29.3 99.0 and CO2 as a result of an activity for a given period Other 1 1.0 1.0 100.0 Total 99 99.0 100.0 Missing System 1 1.0 Total 100 100.0

Other for define what carbon footprint is Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent I do not know 1 100.0 100.0 100.0

Have you ever calculated your carbon footprint Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 2 2.0 2.0 2.0 No 84 84.0 84.0 86.0 No. but we are interested to find out 14 14.0 14.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0

Are you interested to participate on training Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent program for the calculation of carbon footprint Yes 23 23.0 24.0 24.0 No 73 73.0 76.0 100.0 Total 96 96.0 100.0 Missing System 4 4.0 Total 100 100.0

Are you willing to allocate funds on a voluntary basis in Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative order to know the way of calculating the carbon footprint Percent Yes 24 24.0 25.0 25.0 No 72 72.0 75.0 100.0 Total 96 96.0 100.0 Missing System 4 4.0 Total 100 100.0

How much are you willing to pay for that on Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent annual basis Up to 10 EUR 13 54.2 54.2 54.2 From 10 to 50 EUR 9 37.5 37.5 91.7 From 50 to 100 EUR 1 4.2 4.2 95.8 More than 100 EUR 1 4.2 4.2 100.0 Total 24 100.0 100.0

Which innovative practices are you applying in your company Frequency Percent Corporate Social Responsibility 41 41 ISO Standards 22 22 Eco-Management and Audit Scheme EMAS 2 2 Not any of them 40 40 Other 1 1 Total 106 106

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Other innovative practices are you applying in your Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent company Energy saving light bulbs 1 100.0 100.0 100.0

Do you apply any environmental standardization scheme Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative or have a certified business segment-Yes. Which Percent standard/certificate Yes 17 17.0 17.2 17.2 No 68 68.0 68.7 85.9 No. but we are planning 14 14.0 14.1 100.0 Total 99 99.0 100.0 Missing System 1 1.0 Total 100 100.0

Those that responded “YES” Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent ECO LABEL 1 5.9 5.9 5.9 Electricity Attest 1 5.9 5.9 11.8 HACCAP 3 17.6 17.6 29.4 HACCAP for cleaning wastewater 1 5.9 5.9 35.3 ISO 1 5.9 5.9 41.2 ISO. GREEN GLOBE 1 5.9 5.9 47.1 MESAP 1 5.9 5.9 52.9 One star 1 5.9 5.9 58.8 Three stars 5 29.4 29.4 88.2 Three stars and security certificates 1 5.9 5.9 94.1 Two stars 1 5.9 5.9 100.0 Total 17 100.0 100.0

Those that responded “NO” Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent 12 17.6 17.6 17.6 Don't know why 4 5.9 5.9 23.5 Don't need it 20 29.4 29.4 52.9 No funds for it 12 17.6 17.6 70.6 No standards in this sector 1 1.5 1.5 72.1 Not informed 12 17.6 17.6 89.7 Not interested 6 8.8 8.8 98.5 Not offered to us 1 1.5 1.5 100.0 Total 68 100.0 100.0

Those that responded “NO. but we are planning” – which Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent standardization / certified As soon as we educate on it. we will chose 1 7.1 7.1 7.1 HACCAP 1 7.1 7.1 14.3 I do not know. we will get information 1 7.1 7.1 21.4 ISO 3 21.4 21.4 42.9 No matter which 5 35.7 35.7 78.6 Not informed 1 7.1 7.1 85.7 Recycling 1 7.1 7.1 92.9 We are exploring 1 7.1 7.1 100.0 Total 14 100.0 100.0

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Are you willing to pay for Eco certification on voluntary or Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent mandatory basis Yes. on voluntary 23 23.0 23.0 23.0 Yes. on mandatory 35 35.0 35.0 58.0 Not at all 42 42.0 42.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0

How much are you willing to pay for eco-certification Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent standards on annual basis Up to 100EUR 51 87.9 92.7 92.7 From 100 to 300EUR 4 6.9 7.3 100.0 Total 55 94.8 100.0 Missing System 3 5.2 Total 58 100.0

Are you interested to find out more about eco-certification Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent in Montenegro Yes 66 66.0 66.0 66.0 No 34 34.0 34.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0

EU ECOLABEL FOR TOURIST ACCOMODATION

At least 50 % of the electricity used for all purposes shall come from renewable energy sources Have you heard of Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 48 48.0 76.2 76.2 No 15 15.0 23.8 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

At least 50 % of the electricity used for all purposes shall come from renewable energy sources -Does your facility apply Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 10 10.0 15.9 15.9 No 53 53.0 84.1 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

At least 50 % of the electricity used for all purposes shall come from renewable energy sources -Are you planning to introduce Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 29 29.0 46.0 46.0 No 34 34.0 54.0 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

No oil with S content > 0.1% and no coal as an energy source-Have you heard of Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 29 29.0 46.0 46.0 No 34 34.0 54.0 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

No oil with S content > 0.1% and no coal as an energy source-Does your facility apply Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 1 1.0 1.6 1.6 No 62 62.0 98.4 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

No oil with S content > 0.1% and no coal as an energy source-Are you planning to introduce Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 19 19.0 30.2 30.2 No 44 44.0 69.8 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

If new heat generating capacity is installed within the duration of the Eco label award-Have you heard of Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 42 42.0 66.7 66.7 No 21 21.0 33.3 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

If new heat generating capacity is installed within the duration of the Eco label award-Does your facility apply Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 11 11.0 17.5 17.5 No 52 52.0 82.5 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

If new heat generating capacity is installed within the duration of the Eco label award-Are you planning to introduce Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 28 28.0 44.4 44.4 No 35 35.0 55.6 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Efficiency of boilers shall be measured according to Directive 92/42/EC-Have you heard of Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 19 19.0 30.2 30.2 No 44 44.0 69.8 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Efficiency of boilers shall be measured according to Directive 92/42/EC-Does your facility apply Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 4 4.0 6.3 6.3 No 59 59.0 93.7 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Efficiency of boilers shall be measured according to Directive 92/42/EC-Are you planning to introduce Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 18 18 28.6 28.6 No 45 45 71.4 100 Total 63 63 100 Missing System 37 37 Total 100 100

Existing cogeneration units shall comply with the definition of high efficiency in Directive 2004/8/EC-Have you heard of Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 22 22.0 34.9 34.9 No 41 41.0 65.1 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Existing cogeneration units shall comply with the definition of high efficiency in Directive 2004/8/EC-Does your facility apply Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 2 2 3.2 3.2 No 61 61 96.8 100 Total 63 63 100 Missing System 37 37 Total 100 100

Existing cogeneration units shall comply with the definition of high efficiency in Directive 2004/8/EC-Are you planning to introduce Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 21 21.0 33.3 33.3 No 42 42.0 66.7 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Boiler efficiency > 88% as measured according to Directive 92/42/EEC-Have you heard of Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 26 26.0 41.9 41.9 No 36 36.0 58.1 100.0 Total 62 62.0 100.0 Missing System 38 38.0 Total 100 100.0

Boiler efficiency > 88% as measured according to Directive 92/42/EEC-Does your facility apply Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 5 5.0 8.1 8.1 No 57 57.0 91.9 100.0 Total 62 62.0 100.0 Missing System 38 38.0 Total 100 100.0

Boiler efficiency > 88% as measured according to Directive 92/42/EEC-Are you planning to introduce Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 17 17.0 27.4 27.4 No 45 45.0 72.6 100.0 Total 62 62.0 100.0 Missing System 38 38.0 Total 100 100.0

Any air conditioning system bought within the duration of the Eco-label award shall have at least Class A efficiency according to Directive 2002/31/EC-Have you heard of Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 47 47.0 74.6 74.6 No 16 16.0 25.4 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Any air conditioning system bought within the duration of the Eco-label award shall have at least Class A efficiency according to Directive 2002/31/EC-Does your facility apply Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 27 27.0 42.9 42.9 No 36 36.0 57.1 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Any air conditioning system bought within the duration of the Eco-label award shall have at least Class A efficiency according to Directive 2002/31/EC -Are you planning to introduce Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 25 25.0 40.3 40.3 No 37 37.0 59.7 100.0 Total 62 62.0 100.0 Missing System 38 38.0 Total 100 100.0

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Appropriate window insulation-Have you heard of Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 54 54.0 85.7 85.7 No 9 9.0 14.3 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Appropriate window insulation-Does your facility apply Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 43 43.0 68.3 68.3 No 20 20.0 31.7 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Appropriate window insulation-Are you planning to introduce Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 30 30.0 48.4 48.4 No 32 32.0 51.6 100.0 Total 62 62.0 100.0 Missing System 38 38.0 Total 100 100.0

Compliance to national legislation and local building codes related to energy efficiency -Have you heard of Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 39 39.0 61.9 61.9 No 24 24.0 38.1 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Compliance to national legislation and local building codes related to energy efficiency -Does your facility apply Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 23 23.0 36.5 36.5 No 40 40.0 63.5 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Compliance to national legislation and local building codes related to energy efficiency -Are you planning to introduce Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 25 25.0 40.3 40.3 No 37 37.0 59.7 100.0 Total 62 62.0 100.0 Missing System 38 38.0 Total 100 100.0

Only use of appliances powered with renewable energy sources to heat outside areas-Have you heard of Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 44 44.0 69.8 69.8 No 19 19.0 30.2 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Only use of appliances powered with renewable energy sources to heat outside areas-Does your facility apply Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 14 14.0 22.2 22.2 No 49 49.0 77.8 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Only use of appliances powered with renewable energy sources to heat outside areas-Are you planning to introduce Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 30 30.0 47.6 47.6 No 33 33.0 52.4 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Water flow from tap and shower < 9L/minute-Have you heard of Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 46 46.0 73.0 73.0 No 17 17.0 27.0 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Water flow from tap and shower < 9L/minute-Does your facility apply Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 22 22.0 34.9 34.9 No 41 41.0 65.1 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Water flow from tap and shower < 9L/minuteAre you planning to introduce Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 32 32.0 50.8 50.8 No 31 31.0 49.2 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Appropriate waste bins in toilets-Have you heard of Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 52 52.0 82.5 82.5 No 11 11.0 17.5 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Appropriate waste bins in toilets-Does your facility apply Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 50 50.0 80.6 80.6 No 12 12.0 19.4 100.0 Total 62 62.0 100.0 Missing System 38 38.0 Total 100 100.0

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Appropriate waste bins in toilets-Are you planning to introduce Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 26 26.0 41.9 41.9 No 36 36.0 58.1 100.0 Total 62 62.0 100.0 Missing System 38 38.0 Total 100 100.0

Appropriate systems to avoid continuous flushing in urinals-Have you heard of Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 44 44.0 69.8 69.8 No 19 19.0 30.2 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Appropriate systems to avoid continuous flushing in urinals-Does your facility apply Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 21 21.0 33.3 33.3 No 42 42.0 66.7 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Appropriate systems to avoid continuous flushing in urinals-Are you planning to introduce Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 24 24.0 38.1 38.1 No 39 39.0 61.9 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Water plants and garden after sunset or before high sun-Have you heard of Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 55 55.0 87.3 87.3 No 8 8.0 12.7 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Water plants and garden after sunset or before high sun-Does your facility apply Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 50 50.0 80.6 80.6 No 12 12.0 19.4 100.0 Total 62 62.0 100.0 Missing System 38 38.0 Total 100 100.0

Water plants and garden after sunset or before high sun-Are you planning to introduce Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 26 26.0 41.3 41.3 No 37 37.0 58.7 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Waste water has to be treated-Have you heard of Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 55 55.0 87.3 87.3 No 8 8.0 12.7 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Waste water has to be treated-Does your facility apply Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 37 37.0 58.7 58.7 No 26 26.0 41.3 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Waste water has to be treated-Are you planning to introduce Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 32 32 50.8 50.8 No 31 31 49.2 100 Total 63 63 100 Missing System 37 37 Total 100 100

Follow local waste water plan and water protection plan-Have you heard of Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 55 55.0 87.3 87.3 No 8 8.0 12.7 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Follow local waste water plan and water protection plan-Does your facility apply Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 39 39.0 61.9 61.9 No 24 24.0 38.1 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Follow local waste water plan and water protection plan-Are you planning to introduce Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 29 29.0 46.0 46.0 No 34 34.0 54.0 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

No-smoking section in common areas-Have you heard of Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 60 60.0 95.2 95.2 No 3 3.0 4.8 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

No-smoking section in common areas-Does your facility apply Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 58 58.0 92.1 92.1 No 5 5.0 7.9 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

No-smoking section in common areas-Are you planning to introduce Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 29 29.0 46.0 46.0 No 34 34.0 54.0 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Good maintenance and servicing of equipment-Have you heard of Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 48 48.0 76.2 76.2 No 15 15.0 23.8 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Good maintenance and servicing of equipment-Does your facility apply Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 37 37.0 58.7 58.7 No 26 26.0 41.3 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Good maintenance and servicing of equipment-Does your facility apply Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 37 37.0 58.7 58.7 No 26 26.0 41.3 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Good maintenance and servicing of equipment-Are you planning to introduce Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 27 27.0 42.9 42.9 No 36 36.0 57.1 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Environmental policy statement and precise action programme-Have you heard of Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 45 45.0 71.4 71.4 No 18 18.0 28.6 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Environmental policy statement and precise action programme-Does your facility apply Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 27 27.0 42.9 42.9 No 36 36.0 57.1 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Environmental policy statement and precise action programme-Are you planning to introduce Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 29 29.0 46.0 46.0 No 34 34.0 54.0 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Staff training for application of environmental measures -Have you heard of Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 41 41.0 65.1 65.1 No 22 22.0 34.9 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Staff training for application of environmental measures -Does your facility apply Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 20 20.0 31.7 31.7 No 43 43.0 68.3 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Staff training for application of environmental measures -Are you planning to introduce Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 25 25.0 39.7 39.7 No 38 38.0 60.3 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Data collection -Have you heard of Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 45 45.0 71.4 71.4 No 18 18.0 28.6 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Data collection -Does your facility apply Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 24 24.0 38.1 38.1 No 39 39.0 61.9 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Data collection Are you planning to introduce Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 25 25.0 39.7 39.7 No 38 38.0 60.3 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Facilitate waste separation by guests-Have you heard of Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 49 49.0 77.8 77.8 No 14 14.0 22.2 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Facilitate waste separation by guests-Does your facility apply Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 7 7.0 11.1 11.1 No 56 56.0 88.9 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Facilitate waste separation by guests-Are you planning to introduce Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 34 34.0 54.0 54.0 No 29 29.0 46.0 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Staff sorts hazardous waste as defined in Decision -Have you heard of Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 37 37.0 58.7 58.7 No 26 26.0 41.3 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Staff sorts hazardous waste as defined in Decision -Does your facility apply Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 12 12.0 19.0 19.0 No 51 51.0 81.0 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Staff sorts hazardous waste as defined in Decision -Are you planning to introduce Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 31 31.0 49.2 49.2 No 32 32.0 50.8 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Waste sorted and transported to appropriate site -Have you heard of Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 55 55.0 87.3 87.3 No 8 8.0 12.7 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Waste sorted and transported to appropriate site -Does your facility apply Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 22 22.0 34.9 34.9 No 41 41.0 65.1 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Waste sorted and transported to appropriate site -Are you planning to introduce Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 37 37.0 58.7 58.7 No 26 26.0 41.3 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

No use of disposable products -Have you heard of Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 51 51.0 81.0 81.0 No 12 12.0 19.0 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

No use of disposable products -Does your facility apply Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 18 18.0 28.6 28.6 No 45 45.0 71.4 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

No use of disposable products -Are you planning to introduce Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 25 25.0 39.7 39.7 No 38 38.0 60.3 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Except where required by law. no single dose packages shall be used for food service-Have you heard of Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 44 44.0 69.8 69.8 No 19 19.0 30.2 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Except where required by law. no single dose packages shall be used for food service-Does your facility apply Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 15 15.0 23.8 23.8 No 48 48.0 76.2 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Except where required by law. no single dose packages shall be used for food service-Are you planning to introduce Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 28 28.0 44.4 44.4 No 35 35.0 55.6 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Active information to guests on environmental policy-Have you heard of Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 52 52.0 82.5 82.5 No 11 11.0 17.5 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Active information to guests on environmental policy-Does your facility apply Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 23 23.0 36.5 36.5 No 40 40.0 63.5 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Active information to guests on environmental policy-Are you planning to introduce Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 30 30.0 47.6 47.6 No 33 33.0 52.4 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Switch off air conditioning/heating when windows are open -Have you heard of Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 61 61.0 96.8 96.8 No 2 2.0 3.2 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Switch off air conditioning/heating when windows are open -Does your facility apply Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 49 49.0 77.8 77.8 No 14 14.0 22.2 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Switch off air conditioning/heating when windows are open -Are you planning to introduce Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 30 30.0 47.6 47.6 No 33 33.0 52.4 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Switch off lights when leaving the room-Have you heard of Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 61 61.0 96.8 96.8 No 2 2.0 3.2 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Switch off lights when leaving the room-Does your facility apply Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 53 53.0 84.1 84.1 No 10 10.0 15.9 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Switch off lights when leaving the room-Are you planning to introduce Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 29 29.0 46.0 46.0 No 34 34.0 54.0 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Invitation to use waste bin for appropriate waste instead of toilets-Have you heard of Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 61 61.0 96.8 96.8 No 2 2.0 3.2 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Invitation to use waste bin for appropriate waste instead of toilets-Does your facility apply Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 58 58.0 93.5 93.5 No 4 4.0 6.5 100.0 Total 62 62.0 100.0 Missing System 38 38.0 Total 100 100.0

Invitation to use waste bin for appropriate waste instead of toilets-Are you planning to introduce Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 28 28.0 45.2 45.2 No 34 34.0 54.8 100.0 Total 62 62.0 100.0 Missing System 38 38.0 Total 100 100.0

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Invitation to inform staff of any leaks-Have you heard of Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 60 60.0 95.2 95.2 No 3 3.0 4.8 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Invitation to inform staff of any leaks-Does your facility apply Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 55 55.0 87.3 87.3 No 8 8.0 12.7 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Invitation to inform staff of any leaks-Are you planning to introduce Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 33 33.0 52.4 52.4 No 30 30.0 47.6 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Information about the local public transport-Have you heard of Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 59 59.0 93.7 93.7 No 4 4.0 6.3 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Information about the local public transport-Does your facility apply Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 50 50.0 79.4 79.4 No 13 13.0 20.6 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

Information about the local public transport Are you planning to introduce Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 29 29.0 46.0 46.0 No 34 34.0 54.0 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

This tourist accommodation is actively taking measures to use renewable energy sources. save energy and water. to reduce waste. to improve the local environment-Have you heard of Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 46 46.0 73.0 73.0 No 17 17.0 27.0 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

This tourist accommodation is actively taking measures to use renewable energy sources. save energy and water. to reduce waste. to improve the local environment-Does your facility apply Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 9 9.0 14.3 14.3 No 54 54.0 85.7 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

This tourist accommodation is actively taking measures to use renewable energy sources. save energy and water. to reduce waste. to improve the local environment-Are you planning to introduce Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Yes 33 33.0 52.4 52.4 No 30 30.0 47.6 100.0 Total 63 63.0 100.0 Missing System 37 37.0 Total 100 100.0

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Annex 8: Detail analysis of survey among travel and tourism sector representatives – cross-tabulations – for each question in the Questionnaire 2 in relation to profile variables

What kind of marketing tools do you use to Website Brochures Online Tour Travel Included into promote your company booking operators advice other accommodation sector offers 1 - Most frequent Ulcinj 11.9% 16.7% 25.0% 20.8% 17.4% 24.3% Tivat 4.8% 4.2% 2.8% 7.5% 4.3% 5.4% Kotor 9.5% 10.4% 8.3% 11.3% 13.0% 0.0% Bar 11.9% 20.8% 16.7% 13.2% 13.0% 24.3% Municipality Cetinje 9.5% 16.7% 11.1% 9.4% 4.3% 16.2% Budva 33.3% 22.9% 25.0% 28.3% 34.8% 21.6% Herceg Novi 19.0% 8.3% 11.1% 9.4% 13.0% 8.1% Total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% Collective 35.7% 31.2% 33.3% 28.3% 32.6% 37.8% accomodation Individual 35.7% 20.8% 38.9% 34.0% 45.7% 32.4% accomodation Main activity Transportation 11.9% 25.0% 11.1% 15.1% 4.3% 13.5% Restaurant 11.9% 12.5% 13.9% 15.1% 13.0% 13.5% Tourist agency 4.8% 10.4% 2.8% 7.5% 4.3% 2.7% Total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% Up to 100.000 EUR 52.8% 69.0% 71.9% 72.9% 66.7% 69.7% From 100.0000 EUR to 30.6% 16.7% 15.6% 16.7% 19.0% 18.2% 500,000 EUR Your annual turnover From 500,000 EUR to of the tourism sector 8.3% 7.1% 3.1% 4.2% 7.1% 3.0% 1,000,000 EUR (in 2014): More than 1,000,000 8.3% 7.1% 9.4% 6.2% 7.1% 9.1% EUR Total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% Up to 10 70.3% 76.7% 78.1% 77.3% 71.8% 81.8% From 10 to 50 27.0% 20.9% 18.8% 20.5% 25.6% 15.2% Full time employees From 50 to 250 2.7% 2.3% 3.1% 2.3% 2.6% 3.0% Total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% Up to 1980 10.0% 4.3% 2.9% 2.0% 4.5% 5.7% From 1980 to 1990 5.0% 8.7% 5.9% 7.8% 6.8% 8.6% From 1990 to 2000 20.0% 17.4% 14.7% 7.8% 20.5% 14.3% Year of establishing1 From 2000 to 2010 55.0% 63.0% 73.5% 74.5% 59.1% 68.6% After 2010 10.0% 6.5% 2.9% 7.8% 9.1% 2.9% Total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

We have steady flow Off-peak It is greatly We don’t To what extent is your business affected by visitors season is a affected by operate in Other Total seasonality throughout problem seasonality off-season the whole year Ulcinj 58.3% 8.3% 25.0% 8.3% 0.0% 100% Tivat 25.0% 0.0% 75.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Kotor 50.0% 0.0% 37.5% 12.5% 0.0% 100% Bar 7.7% 7.7% 76.9% 7.7% 0.0% 100% Municipality Cetinje 62.5% 0.0% 37.5% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Budva 19.4% 11.1% 38.9% 30.6% 0.0% 100% Herceg Novi 26.7% 0.0% 13.3% 60.0% 0.0% 100% Total 30.0% 6.0% 41.0% 23.0% 0.0% 100% Collective 40.0% 0.0% 25.0% 35.0% 0.0% 100% accomodation Individual 9.3% 9.3% 48.8% 32.6% 0.0% 100% accomodation Main activity Transportation 56.2% 6.2% 31.2% 6.2% 0.0% 100% Restaurant 57.1% 7.1% 35.7% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Tourist agency 14.3% 0.0% 71.4% 14.3% 0.0% 100% Total 30.0% 6.0% 41.0% 23.0% 0.0% 100% Up to 100.000 EUR 19.7% 6.1% 48.5% 25.8% 0.0% 100% From 100.0000 EUR to 52.9% 11.8% 17.6% 17.6% 0.0% 100% 500,000 EUR Your annual turnover of From 500,000 EUR to the tourism sector (in 60.0% 0.0% 20.0% 20.0% 0.0% 100% 1,000,000 EUR 2014): More than 1,000,000 33.3% 0.0% 33.3% 33.3% 0.0% 100% EUR Total 28.6% 6.6% 40.7% 24.2% 0.0% 100% Up to 10 32.3% 4.8% 43.5% 19.4% 0.0% 100% From 10 to 50 56.2% 12.5% 12.5% 18.8% 0.0% 100% Full time employees From 50 to 250 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100% 0.0% 100% Total 36.7% 6.3% 36.7% 20.3% 0.0% 100% Up to 1980 42.9% 0.0% 14.3% 42.9% 0.0% 100% From 1980 to 1990 16.7% 0.0% 50.0% 33.3% 0.0% 100% From 1990 to 2000 21.4% 14.3% 42.9% 21.4% 0.0% 100% Year of establishing1 From 2000 to 2010 31.1% 6.6% 44.3% 18.0% 0.0% 100% After 2010 33.3% 0.0% 44.4% 22.2% 0.0% 100% Total 29.9% 6.2% 42.3% 21.6% 0.0% 100%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

No. but we are Is your company investing in energy efficiency Yes No planning to Total invest Ulcinj 16.7% 83.3% 0.0% 100% Tivat 62.5% 25.0% 12.5% 100% Kotor 25.0% 62.5% 12.5% 100% Bar 23.1% 61.5% 15.4% 100% Municipality Cetinje 50.0% 37.5% 12.5% 100% Budva 63.9% 27.8% 8.3% 100% Herceg Novi 66.7% 33.3% 0.0% 100% Total 49.0% 43.0% 8.0% 100% Collective accomodation 70.0% 30.0% 0.0% 100% Individual accomodation 48.8% 41.9% 9.3% 100% Transportation 18.8% 81.2% 0.0% 100% Main activity Restaurant 64.3% 21.4% 14.3% 100% Tourist agency 28.6% 42.9% 28.6% 100% Total 49.0% 43.0% 8.0% 100% Up to 100.000 EUR 33.3% 54.5% 12.1% 100% From 100.0000 EUR to 88.2% 11.8% 0.0% 100% 500,000 EUR Your annual turnover of the From 500,000 EUR to tourism sector (in 2014): 60.0% 40.0% 0.0% 100% 1,000,000 EUR More than 1,000,000 EUR 66.7% 33.3% 0.0% 100% Total 46.2% 45.1% 8.8% 100% Up to 10 41.9% 48.4% 9.7% 100% From 10 to 50 62.5% 37.5% 0.0% 100% Full time employees From 50 to 250 100% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Total 46.8% 45.6% 7.6% 100% Up to 1980 14.3% 85.7% 0.0% 100% From 1980 to 1990 50.0% 50.0% 0.0% 100% From 1990 to 2000 64.3% 35.7% 0.0% 100% Year of establishing1 From 2000 to 2010 49.2% 41.0% 9.8% 100% After 2010 44.4% 33.3% 22.2% 100% Total 48.5% 43.3% 8.2% 100%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Which were modes of investment in New New New New We New Use of Other energy efficiency insulation insulation heating cooling replaced walls. alternative - doors – windows systems system the insulatio energy (pellets) lighting n sources (solar system panels) Ulcinj 6.5% 0.0% 7.4% 0.0% 11.8% 3.7% 0.0% 0.0% Tivat 0.0% 3.7% 7.4% 8.0% 11.8% 11.1% 0.0% 0.0% Kotor 3.2% 3.7% 3.7% 4.0% 0.0% 3.7% 0.0% 0.0% Cetinje 3.2% 3.7% 14.8% 12.0% 0.0% 7.4% 0.0% 0.0% Municipality Bar 9.7% 7.4% 3.7% 8.0% 5.9% 7.4% 10.0% 0.0% Budva 48.4% 48.1% 44.4% 48.0% 58.8% 48.1% 80.0% 100% Herceg Novi 29.0% 33.3% 18.5% 20.0% 11.8% 18.5% 10.0% 0.0% Total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% Collective 32.3% 33.3% 48.1% 48.0% 47.1% 25.9% 70.0% 50.0% accomodation Individual 48.4% 48.1% 25.9% 24.0% 29.4% 40.7% 20.0% 0.0% accomodation Main activity Transportation 3.2% 3.7% 3.7% 0.0% 0.0% 3.7% 0.0% 50.0% Restaurant 9.7% 11.1% 18.5% 28.0% 11.8% 22.2% 10.0% 0.0% Tourist agency 6.5% 3.7% 3.7% 0.0% 11.8% 7.4% 0.0% 0.0% Total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% Up to 10,000 EUR 63.0% 66.7% 33.3% 35.0% 21.4% 56.5% 28.6% 0.0% From 10,0000 EUR to 25.9% 25.0% 38.1% 40.0% 42.9% 39.1% 14.3% 50.0% Your annual 500,000 EUR turnover of the From 500,000 EUR to 7.4% 4.2% 14.3% 15.0% 14.3% 4.3% 28.6% 50.0% tourism sector (in 1,000,000 EUR 2014): More than 1,000,000 3.7% 4.2% 14.3% 10.0% 21.4% 0.0% 28.6% 0.0% EUR Total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% Up to 10,000 EUR 67.7% 66.7% 37.0% 44.0% 58.8% 74.1% 10.0% 0.0% From 10,000 EUR to 12.9% 14.8% 29.6% 24.0% 5.9% 11.1% 10.0% 0.0% 50,000 EUR What was the From 50,000 EUR to amount of your 9.7% 7.4% 11.1% 12.0% 11.8% 7.4% 30.0% 50.0% 10,000 EUR investments in From 10,000 EUR to energy efficiency 3.2% 3.7% 7.4% 8.0% 5.9% 3.7% 20.0% 0.0% 500,000 EUR More than 500,000 6.5% 7.4% 14.8% 12.0% 17.6% 3.7% 30.0% 50.0% EUR Total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

What was the amount of your investments Up to 10,000 From 10,000 From 50,000 From 10,000 More than Total in energy efficiency EUR EUR to 50,000 EUR to 10,000 EUR to 500,000 500,000 EUR EUR EUR EUR Ulcinj 100% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Tivat 60.0% 0.0% 20.0% 20.0% 0.0% 100% Kotor 50.0% 50.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Cetinje 25.0% 75.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Municipality Bar 66.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 33.3% 100% Budva 54.2% 8.3% 16.7% 8.3% 12.5% 100% Herceg Novi 83.3% 16.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Total 61.5% 15.4% 9.6% 5.8% 7.7% 100% Collective 33.3% 13.3% 13.3% 13.3% 26.7% 100% accomodation Individual 81.8% 9.1% 4.5% 4.5% 0.0% 100% accomodation Main activity Transportation 75.0% 0.0% 25.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Restaurant 44.4% 44.4% 11.1% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Tourist agency 100% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Total 61.5% 15.4% 9.6% 5.8% 7.7% 100% Up to 10,000 EUR 75.0% 16.7% 4.2% 4.2% 0.0% 100% From 10,0000 EUR to 66.7% 20.0% 13.3% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Your annual 500,000 EUR turnover of the From 500,000 EUR to 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 33.3% 66.7% 100% tourism sector (in 1,000,000 EUR 2014): More than 1,000,000 0.0% 0.0% 33.3% 0.0% 66.7% 100% EUR Total 62.2% 15.6% 8.9% 4.4% 8.9% 100%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

No. but we are Have you ever invested in renewable energy sources Yes No planning to Total invest Ulcinj 8.3% 91.7% 0.0% 100% Tivat 12.5% 62.5% 25.0% 100% Kotor 0.0% 87.5% 12.5% 100% Bar 23.1% 53.8% 23.1% 100% Municipality Cetinje 0.0% 100% 0.0% 100% Budva 38.9% 38.9% 22.2% 100% Herceg Novi 13.3% 86.7% 0.0% 100% Total 21.0% 65.0% 14.0% 100% Collective accomodation 45.0% 55.0% 0.0% 100% Individual accomodation 20.9% 55.8% 23.3% 100% Transportation 6.2% 87.5% 6.2% 100% Main activity Restaurant 7.1% 71.4% 21.4% 100% Tourist agency 14.3% 85.7% 0.0% 100% Total 21.0% 65.0% 14.0% 100% Up to 100.000 EUR 12.1% 69.7% 18.2% 100% Your annual turnover of From 100.0000 EUR to 500,000 EUR 17.6% 70.6% 11.8% 100% the tourism sector (in From 500,000 EUR to 1,000,000 EUR 20.0% 80.0% 0.0% 100% 2014): More than 1,000,000 EUR 100% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Total 16.5% 68.1% 15.4% 100% Up to 10 16.1% 74.2% 9.7% 100% From 10 to 50 31.2% 56.2% 12.5% 100% Full time employees From 50 to 250 100% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Total 20.3% 69.6% 10.1% 100% Up to 1980 28.6% 71.4% 0.0% 100% From 1980 to 1990 16.7% 50.0% 33.3% 100% From 1990 to 2000 35.7% 57.1% 7.1% 100% Year of establishing1 From 2000 to 2010 19.7% 63.9% 16.4% 100% After 2010 0.0% 88.9% 11.1% 100% Total 20.6% 64.9% 14.4% 100%

Your annual turnover of the tourism sector (in 2014): Up to From 100,0000 EUR From 500,000 EUR More than 100,000 EUR to 500,000 EUR to 1,000,000 EUR 1,000,000 EUR Up to 10,000 EUR 75,0% 66,7% 0,0% 0,0% What was the From 10,000 EUR to 50,000 EUR 16,7% 20,0% 0,0% 0,0% amount of your From 50,000 EUR to 100,000 EUR 4,2% 13,3% 0,0% 33,3% investments in From 100,000 EUR to 500,000 EUR 4,2% 0,0% 33,3% 0,0% energy efficiency More than 500,000 EUR 0,0% 0,0% 66,7% 66,7% Total 100,0% 100,0% 100,0% 100,0%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Small If yes. in which renewable energy sources your company has Solar energy Wind energy hydropower Biomass invested plants Ulcinj 5.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Tivat 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 50.0% Kotor 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Bar 22.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Municipality Cetinje 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Budva 61.1% 100% 100% 50.0% Herceg Novi 11.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total 100% 100% 100% 100% Collective accomodation 44.4% 0.0% 0.0% 50.0% Individual accomodation 38.9% 100% 100% 0.0% Transportation 11.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Main activity Restaurant 5.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Tourist agency 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 50.0% Total 100% 100% 100% 100% Up to 100,000 EUR 50.0% 100% 100% 50.0% From 100,0000 EUR to 25.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 500,000 EUR Your annual turnover of the From 500,000 EUR to tourism sector (in 2014): 8.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 1,000,000 EUR More than 1,000,000 EUR 16.7% 0.0% 0.0% 50.0% Total 100% 100% 100% 100% Up to 10 64.3% 100% 0.0% 50.0% From 10 to 50 28.6% 0.0% 0.0% 50.0% Full time employees From 50 to 250 7.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total 100% 100% 0.0% 100% Up to 1980 0.0% 0.0% 100% 50.0% From 1980 to 1990 5.9% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% From 1990 to 2000 23.5% 100% 0.0% 0.0% Year of establishing1 From 2000 to 2010 70.6% 0.0% 0.0% 50.0% After 2010 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total 100% 100% 100% 100%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Would you support a community-based waste collection business in your area Yes No Total Ulcinj 100% 0.0% 100% Tivat 100% 0.0% 100% Kotor 100% 0.0% 100% Bar 100% 0.0% 100% Municipality Cetinje 100% 0.0% 100% Budva 94.4% 5.6% 100% Herceg Novi 100% 0.0% 100% Total 98.0% 2.0% 100% Collective accomodation 95.0% 5.0% 100% Individual accomodation 97.7% 2.3% 100% Transportation 100% 0.0% 100% Main activity Restaurant 100% 0.0% 100% Tourist agency 100% 0.0% 100% Total 98.0% 2.0% 100% Up to 100.000 EUR 100% 0.0% 100% From 100.0000 EUR to 500,000 EUR 100% 0.0% 100% Your annual turnover of the tourism From 500,000 EUR to 1,000,000 EUR 100% 0.0% 100% sector (in 2014): More than 1,000,000 EUR 66.7% 33.3% 100% Total 98.9% 1.1% 100% Up to 10 100% 0.0% 100% From 10 to 50 93.8% 6.2% 100% Full time employees From 50 to 250 100% 0.0% 100% Total 98.7% 1.3% 100% Up to 1980 100% 0.0% 100% From 1980 to 1990 100% 0.0% 100% From 1990 to 2000 100% 0.0% 100% Year of establishing1 From 2000 to 2010 96.7% 3.3% 100% After 2010 100% 0.0% 100% Total 97.9% 2.1% 100%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

No. but we plan Did you use some water saving mechanisms Yes No Total (Indicate how) Ulcinj 0.0% 100% 0.0% 100% Tivat 25.0% 75.0% 0.0% 100% Kotor 0.0% 87.5% 12.5% 100% Bar 15.4% 84.6% 0.0% 100% Municipality Cetinje 50.0% 50.0% 0.0% 100% Budva 27.8% 66.7% 5.6% 100% Herceg Novi 20.0% 80.0% 0.0% 100% Total 21.0% 76.0% 3.0% 100% Collective accomodation 50.0% 50.0% 0.0% 100% Individual accomodation 18.6% 76.7% 4.7% 100% Transportation 0.0% 100% 0.0% 100% Main activity Restaurant 14.3% 78.6% 7.1% 100% Tourist agency 14.3% 85.7% 0.0% 100% Total 21.0% 76.0% 3.0% 100% Up to 100.000 EUR 16.7% 80.3% 3.0% 100% From 100.0000 EUR to 11.8% 82.4% 5.9% 100% 500,000 EUR Your annual turnover of the From 500,000 EUR to tourism sector (in 2014): 80.0% 20.0% 0.0% 100% 1,000,000 EUR More than 1,000,000 EUR 66.7% 33.3% 0.0% 100% Total 20.9% 75.8% 3.3% 100% Up to 10 19.4% 77.4% 3.2% 100% From 10 to 50 31.2% 68.8% 0.0% 100% Full time employees From 50 to 250 100% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Total 22.8% 74.7% 2.5% 100% Up to 1980 14.3% 71.4% 14.3% 100% From 1980 to 1990 16.7% 83.3% 0.0% 100% From 1990 to 2000 7.1% 92.9% 0.0% 100% Year of establishing1 From 2000 to 2010 24.6% 72.1% 3.3% 100% After 2010 33.3% 66.7% 0.0% 100% Total 21.6% 75.3% 3.1% 100%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Do you think that municipality has enough financial resources for Yes No Total financing ‘green’ projects Ulcinj 9.1% 90.9% 100% Tivat 75.0% 25.0% 100% Kotor 62.5% 37.5% 100% Bar 0.0% 100% 100% Municipality Cetinje 0.0% 100% 100% Budva 48.6% 51.4% 100% Herceg Novi 21.4% 78.6% 100% Total 33.0% 67.0% 100% Collective accomodation 31.6% 68.4% 100% Individual accomodation 33.3% 66.7% 100% Transportation 33.3% 66.7% 100% Main activity Restaurant 28.6% 71.4% 100% Tourist agency 42.9% 57.1% 100% Total 33.0% 67.0% 100% Up to 100.000 EUR 31.2% 68.8% 100% From 100.0000 EUR to 500,000 EUR 47.1% 52.9% 100% Your annual turnover of the tourism From 500,000 EUR to 1,000,000 40.0% 60.0% 100% sector (in 2014): EUR More than 1,000,000 EUR 0.0% 100% 100% Total 34.1% 65.9% 100% Up to 10 21.7% 78.3% 100% From 10 to 50 43.8% 56.2% 100% Full time employees From 50 to 250 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total 26.3% 73.7% 100% Up to 1980 71.4% 28.6% 100% From 1980 to 1990 25.0% 75.0% 100% From 1990 to 2000 14.3% 85.7% 100% Year of establishing1 From 2000 to 2010 34.4% 65.6% 100% After 2010 22.2% 77.8% 100% Total 32.6% 67.4% 100%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Do you consider fuel pollution as important? Yes No Total Ulcinj 72.7% 27.3% 100% Tivat 100% 0.0% 100% Kotor 87.5% 12.5% 100% Bar 100% 0.0% 100% Municipality Cetinje 87.5% 12.5% 100% Budva 80.6% 19.4% 100% Herceg Novi 93.3% 6.7% 100% Total 86.7% 13.3% 100% Collective accomodation 75.0% 25.0% 100% Individual accomodation 90.5% 9.5% 100% Transportation 93.3% 6.7% 100% Main activity Restaurant 85.7% 14.3% 100% Tourist agency 85.7% 14.3% 100% Total 86.7% 13.3% 100% Up to 100.000 EUR 89.1% 10.9% 100% From 100.0000 EUR to 500,000 EUR 82.4% 17.6% 100% Your annual turnover of the tourism From 500,000 EUR to 1,000,000 100% 0.0% 100% sector (in 2014): EUR More than 1,000,000 EUR 0.0% 100% 100% Total 85.4% 14.6% 100% Up to 10 88.3% 11.7% 100% From 10 to 50 87.5% 12.5% 100% Full time employees From 50 to 250 0.0% 100% 100% Total 87.0% 13.0% 100% Up to 1980 85.7% 14.3% 100% From 1980 to 1990 60.0% 40.0% 100% From 1990 to 2000 100% 0.0% 100% Year of establishing1 From 2000 to 2010 85.2% 14.8% 100% After 2010 100% 0.0% 100% Total 87.4% 12.6% 100%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

From 100 I do not How much do you think that eco-tourists spend Less than From 50 EUR More than EUR to 200 want to Total during their visit to Montenegro (per person)? 50 EUR to 100 EUR 200 EUR EUR answer Ulcinj 58.3% 33.3% 8.3% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Tivat 50.0% 12.5% 25.0% 0.0% 12.5% 100% Kotor 62.5% 25.0% 12.5% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Bar 69.2% 30.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Municipality Cetinje 37.5% 50.0% 12.5% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Budva 41.7% 38.9% 8.3% 2.8% 8.3% 100% Herceg Novi 20.0% 66.7% 6.7% 0.0% 6.7% 100% Total 46.0% 39.0% 9.0% 1.0% 5.0% 100% Collective accomodation 30.0% 55.0% 10.0% 5.0% 0.0% 100% Individual accomodation 46.5% 32.6% 11.6% 0.0% 9.3% 100% Transportation 50.0% 43.8% 6.2% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Main activity Restaurant 78.6% 14.3% 7.1% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Tourist agency 14.3% 71.4% 0.0% 0.0% 14.3% 100% Total 46.0% 39.0% 9.0% 1.0% 5.0% 100% Up to 100.000 EUR 48.5% 37.9% 6.1% 0.0% 7.6% 100% From 100.0000 EUR to 47.1% 35.3% 17.6% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Your annual turnover of 500,000 EUR the tourism sector (in From 500,000 EUR to 40.0% 40.0% 20.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100% 2014): 1,000,000 EUR More than 1,000,000 EUR 33.3% 33.3% 0.0% 33.3% 0.0% 100% Total 47.3% 37.4% 8.8% 1.1% 5.5% 100% Up to 10 50.0% 38.7% 8.1% 0.0% 3.2% 100% From 10 to 50 50.0% 31.2% 12.5% 6.2% 0.0% 100% Full time employees From 50 to 250 100% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Total 50.6% 36.7% 8.9% 1.3% 2.5% 100% Up to 1980 57.1% 0.0% 0.0% 14.3% 28.6% 100% From 1980 to 1990 66.7% 33.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100% From 1990 to 2000 42.9% 42.9% 14.3% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Year of establishing1 From 2000 to 2010 41.0% 45.9% 9.8% 0.0% 3.3% 100% After 2010 55.6% 22.2% 11.1% 0.0% 11.1% 100% Total 45.4% 39.2% 9.3% 1.0% 5.2% 100%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Do you think you are enough informed about the eco-tourism in Yes No Total Montenegro? Ulcinj 33.3% 66.7% 100% Tivat 62.5% 37.5% 100% Kotor 75.0% 25.0% 100% Bar 53.8% 46.2% 100% Municipality Cetinje 62.5% 37.5% 100% Budva 50.0% 50.0% 100% Herceg Novi 33.3% 66.7% 100% Total 50.0% 50.0% 100% Collective accomodation 36.8% 63.2% 100% Individual accomodation 57.1% 42.9% 100% Transportation 43.8% 56.2% 100% Main activity Restaurant 57.1% 42.9% 100% Tourist agency 42.9% 57.1% 100% Total 50.0% 50.0% 100% Up to 100.000 EUR 53.8% 46.2% 100% From 100.0000 EUR to 500,000 EUR 47.1% 52.9% 100% Your annual turnover of the tourism From 500,000 EUR to 1,000,000 20.0% 80.0% 100% sector (in 2014): EUR More than 1,000,000 EUR 50.0% 50.0% 100% Total 50.6% 49.4% 100% Up to 10 50.8% 49.2% 100% From 10 to 50 50.0% 50.0% 100% Full time employees From 50 to 250 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total 50.6% 49.4% 100% Up to 1980 28.6% 71.4% 100% From 1980 to 1990 80.0% 20.0% 100% From 1990 to 2000 61.5% 38.5% 100% Year of establishing1 From 2000 to 2010 49.2% 50.8% 100% After 2010 44.4% 55.6% 100% Total 50.5% 49.5% 100%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Do you think that environmental protection is on a satisfactory level in Yes No Total Montenegro? Ulcinj 75.0% 25.0% 100% Tivat 0.0% 100% 100% Kotor 25.0% 75.0% 100% Bar 83.3% 16.7% 100% Municipality Cetinje 37.5% 62.5% 100% Budva 27.8% 72.2% 100% Herceg Novi 26.7% 73.3% 100% Total 38.4% 61.6% 100% Collective accomodation 25.0% 75.0% 100% Individual accomodation 33.3% 66.7% 100% Transportation 37.5% 62.5% 100% Main activity Restaurant 71.4% 28.6% 100% Tourist agency 42.9% 57.1% 100% Total 38.4% 61.6% 100% Up to 100.000 EUR 41.5% 58.5% 100% From 100.0000 EUR to 500,000 EUR 29.4% 70.6% 100% Your annual turnover of the tourism From 500,000 EUR to 1,000,000 0.0% 100% 100% sector (in 2014): EUR More than 1,000,000 EUR 0.0% 100% 100% Total 35.6% 64.4% 100% Up to 10 45.9% 54.1% 100% From 10 to 50 18.8% 81.2% 100% Full time employees From 50 to 250 0.0% 100% 100% Total 39.7% 60.3% 100% Up to 1980 28.6% 71.4% 100% From 1980 to 1990 33.3% 66.7% 100% From 1990 to 2000 53.8% 46.2% 100% Year of establishing1 From 2000 to 2010 36.1% 63.9% 100% After 2010 33.3% 66.7% 100% Total 37.5% 62.5% 100%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Do you think that services and facilities are on a satisfactory level in Yes No Total Montenegro? Ulcinj 75.0% 25.0% 100% Tivat 37.5% 62.5% 100% Kotor 50.0% 50.0% 100% Bar 83.3% 16.7% 100% Municipality Cetinje 50.0% 50.0% 100% Budva 51.4% 48.6% 100% Herceg Novi 53.3% 46.7% 100% Total 57.1% 42.9% 100% Collective accomodation 50.0% 50.0% 100% Individual accomodation 53.7% 46.3% 100% Transportation 68.8% 31.2% 100% Main activity Restaurant 71.4% 28.6% 100% Tourist agency 42.9% 57.1% 100% Total 57.1% 42.9% 100% Up to 100.000 EUR 59.4% 40.6% 100% From 100.0000 EUR to 500,000 EUR 70.6% 29.4% 100% Your annual turnover of the tourism From 500,000 EUR to 1,000,000 40.0% 60.0% 100% sector (in 2014): EUR More than 1,000,000 EUR 33.3% 66.7% 100% Total 59.6% 40.4% 100% Up to 10 57.4% 42.6% 100% From 10 to 50 68.8% 31.2% 100% Full time employees From 50 to 250 0.0% 100% 100% Total 59.0% 41.0% 100% Up to 1980 57.1% 42.9% 100% From 1980 to 1990 50.0% 50.0% 100% From 1990 to 2000 69.2% 30.8% 100% Year of establishing1 From 2000 to 2010 51.7% 48.3% 100% After 2010 66.7% 33.3% 100% Total 55.8% 44.2% 100%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Investments in development of low carbon/carbon neutral tourism services and Strongly Somewhat Somewhat Strongly Agree Disagree Total products will attract specific tourism markets and agree agree disagree disagree generate income in long term Ulcinj 16.7% 8.3% 25.0% 16.7% 33.3% 0.0% 100% Tivat 0.0% 50.0% 37.5% 12.5% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Kotor 25.0% 37.5% 25.0% 0.0% 12.5% 0.0% 100% Bar 7.7% 46.2% 38.5% 7.7% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Municipality Cetinje 25.0% 62.5% 12.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Budva 11.1% 30.6% 55.6% 2.8% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Herceg Novi 20.0% 26.7% 40.0% 13.3% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Total 14.0% 34.0% 40.0% 7.0% 5.0% 0.0% 100% Collective accomodation 15.0% 15.0% 60.0% 10.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Individual accomodation 18.6% 37.2% 30.2% 9.3% 4.7% 0.0% 100% Transportation 12.5% 31.2% 56.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Main activity Restaurant 0.0% 42.9% 28.6% 7.1% 21.4% 0.0% 100% Tourist agency 14.3% 57.1% 28.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Total 14.0% 34.0% 40.0% 7.0% 5.0% 0.0% 100% Up to 100.000 EUR 12.1% 37.9% 36.4% 7.6% 6.1% 0.0% 100% From 100.0000 EUR to Your annual 11.8% 23.5% 52.9% 11.8% 0.0% 0.0% 100% 500,000 EUR turnover of the From 500,000 EUR to tourism sector (in 40.0% 20.0% 40.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100% 1,000,000 EUR 2014): More than 1,000,000 EUR 0.0% 0.0% 100% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Total 13.2% 33.0% 41.8% 7.7% 4.4% 0.0% 100% Up to 10 16.1% 38.7% 30.6% 9.7% 4.8% 0.0% 100% From 10 to 50 25.0% 12.5% 62.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Full time employees From 50 to 250 0.0% 0.0% 100% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Total 17.7% 32.9% 38.0% 7.6% 3.8% 0.0% 100% Up to 1980 14.3% 14.3% 71.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100% From 1980 to 1990 0.0% 0.0% 66.7% 16.7% 16.7% 0.0% 100% Year of From 1990 to 2000 0.0% 50.0% 42.9% 7.1% 0.0% 0.0% 100% establishing1 From 2000 to 2010 19.7% 37.7% 31.1% 4.9% 6.6% 0.0% 100% After 2010 11.1% 33.3% 44.4% 11.1% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Total 14.4% 35.1% 39.2% 6.2% 5.2% 0.0% 100%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Do you agree that it should be established a National tourism Yes No Don’t know Total fund for financing projects in area of CO2 reduction Ulcinj 8.3% 50.0% 41.7% 100% Tivat 75.0% 12.5% 12.5% 100% Kotor 75.0% 0.0% 25.0% 100% Bar 61.5% 7.7% 30.8% 100% Municipality Cetinje 75.0% 0.0% 25.0% 100% Budva 61.1% 2.8% 36.1% 100% Herceg Novi 73.3% 0.0% 26.7% 100% Total 60.0% 9.0% 31.0% 100% Collective accomodation 50.0% 0.0% 50.0% 100% Individual accomodation 67.4% 9.3% 23.3% 100% Transportation 62.5% 12.5% 25.0% 100% Main activity Restaurant 42.9% 7.1% 50.0% 100% Tourist agency 71.4% 28.6% 0.0% 100% Total 60.0% 9.0% 31.0% 100% Up to 100.000 EUR 62.1% 9.1% 28.8% 100% From 100.0000 EUR to 52.9% 5.9% 41.2% 100% 500,000 EUR Your annual turnover of the From 500,000 EUR to tourism sector (in 2014): 60.0% 0.0% 40.0% 100% 1,000,000 EUR More than 1,000,000 EUR 66.7% 0.0% 33.3% 100% Total 60.4% 7.7% 31.9% 100% Up to 10 53.2% 9.7% 37.1% 100% From 10 to 50 87.5% 0.0% 12.5% 100% Full time employees From 50 to 250 0.0% 0.0% 100% 100% Total 59.5% 7.6% 32.9% 100% Up to 1980 71.4% 0.0% 28.6% 100% From 1980 to 1990 16.7% 16.7% 66.7% 100% From 1990 to 2000 71.4% 0.0% 28.6% 100% Year of establishing1 From 2000 to 2010 62.3% 11.5% 26.2% 100% After 2010 55.6% 11.1% 33.3% 100% Total 60.8% 9.3% 29.9% 100%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Do you prefer to be additionally informed on climate change and tourism in Yes No Total the future Ulcinj 75.0% 25.0% 100% Tivat 75.0% 25.0% 100% Kotor 100% 0.0% 100% Bar 69.2% 30.8% 100% Municipality Cetinje 75.0% 25.0% 100% Budva 72.2% 27.8% 100% Herceg Novi 73.3% 26.7% 100% Total 75.0% 25.0% 100% Collective accomodation 85.0% 15.0% 100% Individual accomodation 72.1% 27.9% 100% Transportation 62.5% 37.5% 100% Main activity Restaurant 85.7% 14.3% 100% Tourist agency 71.4% 28.6% 100% Total 75.0% 25.0% 100% Up to 100.000 EUR 69.7% 30.3% 100% From 100.0000 EUR to 500,000 EUR 82.4% 17.6% 100% Your annual turnover of the tourism From 500,000 EUR to 1,000,000 EUR 100% 0.0% 100% sector (in 2014): More than 1,000,000 EUR 66.7% 33.3% 100% Total 73.6% 26.4% 100% Up to 10 74.2% 25.8% 100% From 10 to 50 87.5% 12.5% 100% Full time employees From 50 to 250 0.0% 100% 100% Total 75.9% 24.1% 100% Up to 1980 71.4% 28.6% 100% From 1980 to 1990 50.0% 50.0% 100% From 1990 to 2000 92.9% 7.1% 100% Year of establishing1 From 2000 to 2010 73.8% 26.2% 100% After 2010 88.9% 11.1% 100% Total 76.3% 23.7% 100%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

No. but I am Do you know what carbon foot print is Yes No interested to find Total out Ulcinj 16.7% 75.0% 8.3% 100% Tivat 62.5% 0.0% 37.5% 100% Kotor 37.5% 25.0% 37.5% 100% Bar 0.0% 76.9% 23.1% 100% Municipality Cetinje 0.0% 75.0% 25.0% 100% Budva 11.1% 55.6% 33.3% 100% Herceg Novi 13.3% 60.0% 26.7% 100% Total 16.0% 56.0% 28.0% 100% Collective accomodation 20.0% 50.0% 30.0% 100% Individual accomodation 16.3% 62.8% 20.9% 100% Transportation 12.5% 56.2% 31.2% 100% Main activity Restaurant 7.1% 50.0% 42.9% 100% Tourist agency 28.6% 42.9% 28.6% 100% Total 16.0% 56.0% 28.0% 100% Up to 100.000 EUR 13.6% 62.1% 24.2% 100% From 100.0000 EUR to 500,000 EUR 17.6% 41.2% 41.2% 100% Your annual turnover of the From 500,000 EUR to 1,000,000 EUR 20.0% 20.0% 60.0% 100% tourism sector (in 2014): More than 1,000,000 EUR 66.7% 33.3% 0.0% 100% Total 16.5% 54.9% 28.6% 100% Up to 10 14.5% 58.1% 27.4% 100% From 10 to 50 37.5% 25.0% 37.5% 100% Full time employees From 50 to 250 0.0% 100% 0.0% 100% Total 19.0% 51.9% 29.1% 100% Up to 1980 28.6% 42.9% 28.6% 100% From 1980 to 1990 0.0% 83.3% 16.7% 100% From 1990 to 2000 0.0% 64.3% 35.7% 100% Year of establishing1 From 2000 to 2010 23.0% 54.1% 23.0% 100% After 2010 0.0% 44.4% 55.6% 100% Total 16.5% 55.7% 27.8% 100%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

No. but we are Have you ever calculated your carbon footprint? Yes No interested to find Total out Ulcinj 0.0% 100% 0.0% 100% Tivat 0.0% 75.0% 25.0% 100% Kotor 0.0% 75.0% 25.0% 100% Bar 0.0% 84.6% 15.4% 100% Municipality Cetinje 0.0% 100% 0.0% 100% Budva 2.8% 77.8% 19.4% 100% Herceg Novi 6.7% 86.7% 6.7% 100% Total 2.0% 84.0% 14.0% 100% Collective accomodation 10.0% 80.0% 10.0% 100% Individual accomodation 0.0% 86.0% 14.0% 100% Transportation 0.0% 87.5% 12.5% 100% Main activity Restaurant 0.0% 78.6% 21.4% 100% Tourist agency 0.0% 85.7% 14.3% 100% Total 2.0% 84.0% 14.0% 100% Up to 100.000 EUR 1.5% 84.8% 13.6% 100% From 100.0000 EUR to 500,000 EUR 0.0% 88.2% 11.8% 100% Your annual turnover of the From 500,000 EUR to 1,000,000 EUR 0.0% 80.0% 20.0% 100% tourism sector (in 2014): More than 1,000,000 EUR 33.3% 66.7% 0.0% 100% Total 2.2% 84.6% 13.2% 100% Up to 10 1.6% 85.5% 12.9% 100% From 10 to 50 6.2% 81.2% 12.5% 100% Full time employees From 50 to 250 0.0% 100% 0.0% 100% Total 2.5% 84.8% 12.7% 100% Up to 1980 14.3% 85.7% 0.0% 100% From 1980 to 1990 0.0% 83.3% 16.7% 100% From 1990 to 2000 0.0% 78.6% 21.4% 100% Year of establishing1 From 2000 to 2010 0.0% 86.9% 13.1% 100% After 2010 0.0% 77.8% 22.2% 100% Total 1.0% 84.5% 14.4% 100%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Are you interested to participate on training program for the calculation of carbon Yes No Total footprint Ulcinj 0.0% 100% 100% Tivat 37.5% 62.5% 100% Kotor 25.0% 75.0% 100% Bar 41.7% 58.3% 100% Municipality Cetinje 25.0% 75.0% 100% Budva 20.0% 80.0% 100% Herceg Novi 26.7% 73.3% 100% Total 24.0% 76.0% 100% Collective accomodation 26.3% 73.7% 100% Individual accomodation 22.0% 78.0% 100% Transportation 26.7% 73.3% 100% Main activity Restaurant 35.7% 64.3% 100% Tourist agency 0.0% 100% 100% Total 24.0% 76.0% 100% Up to 100.000 EUR 18.8% 81.2% 100% From 100.0000 EUR to 500,000 EUR 35.3% 64.7% 100% Your annual turnover of the tourism From 500,000 EUR to 1,000,000 EUR 60.0% 40.0% 100% sector (in 2014): More than 1,000,000 EUR 0.0% 100% 100% Total 23.9% 76.1% 100% Up to 10 27.1% 72.9% 100% From 10 to 50 25.0% 75.0% 100% Full time employees From 50 to 250 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total 26.7% 73.3% 100% Up to 1980 14.3% 85.7% 100% From 1980 to 1990 0.0% 100% 100% From 1990 to 2000 46.2% 53.8% 100% Year of establishing1 From 2000 to 2010 21.7% 78.3% 100% After 2010 33.3% 66.7% 100% Total 24.7% 75.3% 100%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Are you willing to allocate funds on a voluntary basis in order to know the way of Yes No Total calculating the carbon footprint Ulcinj 8.3% 91.7% 100% Tivat 37.5% 62.5% 100% Kotor 25.0% 75.0% 100% Bar 7.7% 92.3% 100% Municipality Cetinje 42.9% 57.1% 100% Budva 32.4% 67.6% 100% Herceg Novi 21.4% 78.6% 100% Total 25.0% 75.0% 100% Collective accomodation 35.3% 64.7% 100% Individual accomodation 23.3% 76.7% 100% Transportation 13.3% 86.7% 100% Main activity Restaurant 28.6% 71.4% 100% Tourist agency 28.6% 71.4% 100% Total 25.0% 75.0% 100% Up to 100.000 EUR 20.0% 80.0% 100% From 100.0000 EUR to 500,000 EUR 26.7% 73.3% 100% Your annual turnover of the tourism From 500,000 EUR to 1,000,000 EUR 80.0% 20.0% 100% sector (in 2014): More than 1,000,000 EUR 50.0% 50.0% 100% Total 25.3% 74.7% 100% Up to 10 25.0% 75.0% 100% From 10 to 50 26.7% 73.3% 100% Full time employees From 50 to 250 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total 25.3% 74.7% 100% Up to 1980 28.6% 71.4% 100% From 1980 to 1990 20.0% 80.0% 100% From 1990 to 2000 21.4% 78.6% 100% Year of establishing1 From 2000 to 2010 21.7% 78.3% 100% After 2010 62.5% 37.5% 100% Total 25.5% 74.5% 100%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

How much are you willing to pay for that on annual From 10 to 50 From 50 to 100 More than 100 Up to 10 EUR Total basis? EUR EUR EUR Ulcinj 0.0% 100% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Tivat 33.3% 66.7% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Kotor 50.0% 50.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Bar 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100% 100% Municipality Cetinje 75.0% 0.0% 0.0% 25.0% 100% Budva 61.5% 38.5% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Herceg Novi 25.0% 50.0% 25.0% 0.0% 100% Total 50.0% 39.3% 3.6% 7.1% 100% Collective accomodation 28.6% 42.9% 0.0% 28.6% 100% Individual accomodation 60.0% 30.0% 10.0% 0.0% 100% Transportation 25.0% 75.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Main activity Restaurant 75.0% 25.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Tourist agency 66.7% 33.3% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Total 50.0% 39.3% 3.6% 7.1% 100% Up to 100.000 EUR 66.7% 26.7% 6.7% 0.0% 100% From 100.0000 EUR to 16.7% 66.7% 0.0% 16.7% 100% Your annual turnover 500,000 EUR of the tourism sector From 500,000 EUR to 25.0% 50.0% 0.0% 25.0% 100% (in 2014): 1,000,000 EUR More than 1,000,000 EUR 100% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Total 50.0% 38.5% 3.8% 7.7% 100% Up to 10 55.6% 33.3% 0.0% 11.1% 100% From 10 to 50 20.0% 80.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Full time employees From 50 to 250 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total 47.8% 43.5% 0.0% 8.7% 100% Up to 1980 100% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100% From 1980 to 1990 100% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100% From 1990 to 2000 25.0% 50.0% 25.0% 0.0% 100% Year of establishing1 From 2000 to 2010 35.7% 50.0% 0.0% 14.3% 100% After 2010 71.4% 28.6% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Total 50.0% 39.3% 3.6% 7.1% 100%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Are you willing to pay for Eco certification on voluntary or Yes. on Yes. on voluntary Not at all Total mandatory basis? mandatory Ulcinj 16.7% 8.3% 75.0% 100% Tivat 12.5% 37.5% 50.0% 100% Kotor 12.5% 50.0% 37.5% 100% Bar 7.7% 61.5% 30.8% 100% Municipality Cetinje 37.5% 50.0% 12.5% 100% Budva 30.6% 36.1% 33.3% 100% Herceg Novi 26.7% 13.3% 60.0% 100% Total 23.0% 35.0% 42.0% 100% Collective accomodation 30.0% 30.0% 40.0% 100% Individual accomodation 27.9% 34.9% 37.2% 100% Transportation 12.5% 18.8% 68.8% 100% Main activity Restaurant 14.3% 57.1% 28.6% 100% Tourist agency 14.3% 42.9% 42.9% 100% Total 23.0% 35.0% 42.0% 100% Up to 100.000 EUR 21.2% 37.9% 40.9% 100% From 100.0000 EUR to 11.8% 29.4% 58.8% 100% 500,000 EUR Your annual turnover of the From 500,000 EUR to tourism sector (in 2014): 60.0% 40.0% 0.0% 100% 1,000,000 EUR More than 1,000,000 EUR 66.7% 0.0% 33.3% 100% Total 23.1% 35.2% 41.8% 100% Up to 10 19.4% 43.5% 37.1% 100% From 10 to 50 31.2% 18.8% 50.0% 100% Full time employees From 50 to 250 100% 0.0% 0.0% 100% Total 22.8% 38.0% 39.2% 100% Up to 1980 42.9% 14.3% 42.9% 100% From 1980 to 1990 33.3% 16.7% 50.0% 100% From 1990 to 2000 21.4% 50.0% 28.6% 100% Year of establishing1 From 2000 to 2010 18.0% 36.1% 45.9% 100% After 2010 44.4% 33.3% 22.2% 100% Total 23.7% 35.1% 41.2% 100%

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Are you interested to find out more about eco-certification in Yes No Total Montenegro? Ulcinj 66.7% 33.3% 100% Tivat 62.5% 37.5% 100% Kotor 75.0% 25.0% 100% Bar 76.9% 23.1% 100% Municipality Cetinje 50.0% 50.0% 100% Budva 63.9% 36.1% 100% Herceg Novi 66.7% 33.3% 100% Total 66.0% 34.0% 100% Collective accomodation 75.0% 25.0% 100% Individual accomodation 65.1% 34.9% 100% Transportation 62.5% 37.5% 100% Main activity Restaurant 71.4% 28.6% 100% Tourist agency 42.9% 57.1% 100% Total 66.0% 34.0% 100% Up to 100.000 EUR 68.2% 31.8% 100% From 100.0000 EUR to 500,000 EUR 47.1% 52.9% 100% Your annual turnover of the tourism From 500,000 EUR to 1,000,000 100% 0.0% 100% sector (in 2014): EUR More than 1,000,000 EUR 66.7% 33.3% 100% Total 65.9% 34.1% 100% Up to 10 67.7% 32.3% 100% From 10 to 50 68.8% 31.2% 100% Full time employees From 50 to 250 100% 0.0% 100% Total 68.4% 31.6% 100% Up to 1980 42.9% 57.1% 100% From 1980 to 1990 66.7% 33.3% 100% From 1990 to 2000 71.4% 28.6% 100% Year of establishing1 From 2000 to 2010 67.2% 32.8% 100% After 2010 77.8% 22.2% 100% Total 67.0% 33.0% 100%

What are your monthly average monthly Electricity bill Fuel Water supply Waste disposal- cost (EUR) Mean(EUR) Ulcinj 486.36 200.00 261.00 66.30 Tivat 888.57 1362.50 301.43 190.50 Kotor 852.86 5100.00 182.86 70.71 Bar 671.67 398.18 250.00 142.00 Municipality Cetinje 507.14 700.00 107.14 94.33 Budva 1231.94 1525.00 1121.50 553.42 Herceg Novi 568.18 283.33 246.00 40.11 Total 855.70 958.60 552.47 257.26

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Annex 9: Guidance for conducting In-depth interviews

Project Title: Survey on low carbon tourism in Montenegro

Project Activity: In-depth interviews with 20 organizations/institutions (representatives of municipalities of Herceg Novi, Budva, Kotor, Tivat, Bar, Ulcinj and Cetinje, ministries, national and local touristic organizations, stakeholders in spatial planning processes, NGOs)

Document: Guidelines for conducting in-depth interviews

I. Introduction

Towards Carbon Neutral Tourism project (TCNT) will adopt a comprehensive approach to minimizing the carbon footprint of Montenegro’s main and most dynamic economic sector, the tourism.

Project “Towards Carbon Neutral Tourism” is aimed at:

 Improvement of legal and regulatory framework supporting low carbon tourism, including increased certification of both existing and new tourist accommodation facilities;  Support of pilot investments in low carbon tourism;  Development of low carbon and carbon neutral transport infrastructure and permanent financing mechanism to support climate change mitigation and adaptation; as well as  Monitoring of GHG emission of the tourism sector, which will all together increase public awareness about the tourism sector’s carbon footprint, and in a long run positively influence this major sector of Montenegrin economy.

The basic aim of THIS research is to undertake a survey on low carbon tourism in Montenegro by targeting four target groups: visiting tourists; relevant central & local authorities; the travel and tourism sector; and relevant NGO (CSO) sector organizations. More specifically, the research should be focused on developing insights into:  Awareness levels of, and attitudes towards low carbon growth, general knowledge about low carbon services and products throughout the travel and tourism supply chain;  Existing low carbon travel and tourism products and services offered in Montenegro;  Extent to which travel and tourism firms and organizations are using mitigation measures for decreasing CO2 emissions;  Use of and knowledge about eco-labelling schemes; and  Identification of barriers within the above mentioned groups against using or providing low carbon tourism products and services;  Identification of existing actions in offsetting travel and tourism carbon footprint, and creating the environment for low carbon tourism development.

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II. Analysis of the awareness level, general knowledge and preferences on certain issues:

 Influence of climate changes, carbon offset and carbon footprint on tourism in Montenegro  Preconditions for integration of low carbon tourism concept in strategic and legislative system in Montenegro and possibilities to implement this concept (at the national and local level through e.g. taxes for endangering environment);  Benefits of establishing a National Climate Touristic Fund and finance mechanisms to support low carbon tourism;  Benefits of voluntary/carbon offset schemes and integration in to Montenegro tourism related booking systems from transport, accommodation;  Eco-certification standards and their preferences towards future activities in promotion and larger integration of these standards in everyday activities;  Availability of low/no carbon tourist products and services in Montenegro;  Incentives for industry ‘champions’ to promote climate change-tourism responses through knowledge exchange and education and/or the “polluter pays” concept;  Awareness of the institution staff on the concept of sustainable and eco-tourism, especially those in direct contact with tourists and / or representatives of the tourism sector; Education in this area - the experience, funding, plans.

III. Possibility and capacities for implementation of low carbon tourism

 Decision making processes and response mechanisms to the tourism sector demands (example for low carbon tourism – if it would be request of significant number of tourists);  The extent to which legal frameworks are sympathetically interpreted or simply applied without flexibility;  Systems of monitoring and enforcing existing laws aimed at greening the tourism industry;  How the existing systems of financial penalties work and if the funds collected are used in specific ways towards greening the industry;  Role of Institution1 in low carbon tourism development (e.g. advocacy, public consultations, expertise, monitoring, current or planned incentives in tourism);  Awareness on end-users’/tourists’ as well as on tourism services providers needs and requirements regarding implementation of the low carbon tourism in Montenegro.

1 Interviewed institution

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Annex 10: List of interviewed representatives of local and national institutions

The interviewed representatives of relevant institutions at national and local level:

INSTITUTIONS DATE No INTERVIEWED REPRESENTATIVES Local governments dd.mm.gggg. 1 Local governments Budva Milena Marović Bogdanović, Manager of the municipality 03. 07. 2015. 2 Local governments Cetinje Dražen Blažić, Chief of Cabinet of the Mayor 24. 06. 2015. Aleksandar Kovačević - Independent Advisor III for the 3 Local governments Herceg Novi 01. 07. 2015. Environmental Protection 4 Local governments Kotor Srđan Dragomanović, Manager of the municipality 25. 06. 2015. Petar Vujović, Advisor Int. Cooperation and Economic 5 Local governments Tivat 24. 06. 2015. Development - Energy Manager 6 Local governments Ulcinj Zenepa Lika, Vice President of the Municipality 26. 06. 2015. Local tourism organizations 7 LTO Bar Neda Ivanović, Director 30. 06. 2015. 8 LTO Budva Vanesa Budimić, Associate on tactical actions 25. 06. 2015. 9 LTO Cetinje Ana Ivanović, Director 29. 06. 2015. 10 LTO Herceg Novi Tanja Martić, Director 01. 07. 2015. 11 LTO Kotor Zoran Živković, Associate Director 25. 06. 2015. 12 LTO Tivat Bernarda Moškov, Director 24. 06. 2015. 13 LTO Ulcinj Zana Sarvan, Director 26. 06. 2015. Other institutions Stevo Davidović, Directorate for Ministry of Sustainable Development and Tourism - 14 monitoring of the implementation of 23. 06. 2015. Directorate for Spatial Planning planning documents Ministry of Sustainable Development and Tourism - 15 Olivera Brajović, Director General 08. 07. 2015. Directorate for Tourism Development and Standard Ministry of Sustainable Development and Tourism - 16 Olivera Kujundžić 22. 06. 2015. Directorate of Environment and Climate Change The Ministry of Transport and Maritime Affairs - Directorate 17 Mirel Radić Ljubisavljević 23. 06. 2015. for Road Traffic Ana Stranjančević, The coordinator of 18 Faculty of Tourism - Bar 05. 07. 2015 post-graduate studies Vesna Vujačić, The coordinator of post- 19 Faculty of Tourism and Hotel Management in Kotor 07. 07. 2015.. graduate studies Biljana Božović, Assistant Director for 20 National Tourism Organization of Montenegro 02. 07. 2015. International Cooperation 21 Port of Kotor Vasilije Kusovac, Director 08. 07. 2015.

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Annex 11: In-depth interviews with stakeholders – detailed reports from the interviews conducted with each representative of local and national institutions

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Municipality of Budva – local self-government Budva, July 3, 2015

Analysis of the awareness level, general knowledge and preferences on certain issues:

Influence of climate changes, carbon offset and carbon footprint on tourism in Montenegro According to the authorized institutions that measure the emission of harmful gases, Budva is not recognized as a polluted environment with significant negative effects. According to free estimation, it could be concluded that traffic pollutes the environment, but during short intervals during the peak of the summer tourist season. The current major traffic problem focused at the Main Boulevard toward Jaz. In order to overcome recognized problems, municipality of Budva planned the project for construction of the traffic bypass, as one of the measures, than to lighten the streets in the center of the city, and to minimize the environmental impact of traffic. On the other hand, there are large number of air conditioner users, citizens and tourists. Usage of the air conditioner does not produce major amount of CO2, but on the other hand, that produces other harmful gasses, again not in major quantity.

Preconditions for integration of low carbon tourism concept in strategic and legislative system in Montenegro and possibilities to implement this concept (at the national and local level through e.g. taxes for endangering environment) There are good preconditions for the inclusion of eco-tourism in the entire tourist offer as the local government of Budva made the Decision on providing significant financial benefits (payment of local taxes) for investors who incorporate use of alternative energy sources and meet other environmental criteria in their tourist offer. The role of local governments is not balanced with their authorities and competencies regarding the resources and competence available, since they have to create conditions for tourism development, public cleanliness and overall tourist offer, while get very little in return in terms of the resources and competence. The establishment of regional agencies and the realization of the idea of balanced regional development (Regional Development Law) would mean the improvement of these relations and would allow anyone to successfully carry out their activities and benefit the local / regional level of these activities. In this way, all activities at the regional level in the field of water supply, waste disposal, and waste water treatment ... would be implemented. The burdens and benefits of each municipality and the community would also be more evenly distributed. It would be good to have organized local self-governments at the regional level in order to use external funds (IPA and other funds). Organizing tourism sector in cluster would also be a good model for development of the sector of tourism on the coast. Local governments also have tightened jurisdiction in a number of areas: Coastal Management Public Company is managing with their main resource, urban tourism is the responsibility of the Ministry, the transport infrastructure and its development is also at the national level, etc. It is desirable to enhance the communication and cooperation between municipalities.

Benefits of establishing a National Climate Touristic Fund and finance mechanisms to support low carbon tourism Better and more useful would be establishing a local fund of this type because in order to have sound spending and transparent investments of the funds, if everything was at the local level. There are great opportunities in the local government to impose taxes, but even more opportunities to provide incentives for local entrepreneurs and to jointly with them define types of incentives and penalties.

Establishing such fund at the national level would have more negative effects, primarily due to leakage and inadequate allocation of funds, and so would not be as significant incentives for entrepreneurs, donors and other investors to finance projects that could be implemented outside of their communities.

Benefits of voluntary/carbon offset schemes and integration in to Montenegro tourism related booking systems from transport, accommodation At the local government level it is necessary to adopt a decision on committing pollutants or usurpers of space to compensate such activity for some positive action for the wider community.

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However, there are few positive examples of voluntary compensatory schemes and socially responsible companies. It is very important and this system has already been implemented through simulative measures by the local government to the tourism entrepreneur so they took care of their and others waste in the close community and thus achieves additional profit (hotel Maestral), as well as example of the treatment of the children's playground and general arrangement of city park (company Stratex).

Eco-certification standards and their preferences towards future activities in promotion and larger integration of these standards in everyday activities In Budva there is only one hotel that since 1984 that has environmental waste water collectors, and the same hotel is the only with the EU Eco-Label certificate. It is desirable to introduce more certification and to define clear standards, especially in the field of ecology. Considering number of tourism entrepreneurs within the area of the municipality of Budva, there is a space for future development of this concept.

Availability of low/no carbon tourist products and services in Montenegro There are significant opportunities to offer eco-tourism services. Waste disposal is in the municipality of Budva is carried out selectively and it is further in the same adequate manner proceeded, which is quite rare as an offer by the communal service for citizens. The collected waste is recycled in municipality of Budva improvised recycling yard (not done in accordance with the standards). This yard is created through donations, which was very low (3,500 EUR) in comparison to huge effect of this yard, especially comparing todays situation with the period 10 years ago when Budva had major problems with waste disposal (when even introduced maximum amount of waste per person).

Incentives for industry ‘champions’ to promote climate change-tourism responses through knowledge exchange and education and/or the “polluter pays” concept There is already good example of conducting joint activity with industry "champions", which motivated and encouraged others to pursue similar actions with other entrepreneurs and the broader community (schools, kindergartens, NGOs). (It is a subsidy for hotel "Maestral" that purchased press for cardboard waste, and was followed by some supermarkets and hotels with similar requests and offers). As one of the major examples is the company Stratex, which created the children's playground and general arrangement of city park as they independently initiated this idea. Polluters should pay in proportion to how much they actually pollute, but in tourism there are no significant polluters.

Awareness of the institution staff on the concept of sustainable and eco-tourism, especially those in direct contact with tourists and / or representatives of the tourism sector; Education in this area - the experience, funding, plans Education is needed and local government could, and already did, organize some of such programs independently with local donors, and also work on education of the wider community about these topics. As one of the major problems is lack of funds, and working time to commit to those activities. Municipality projects planned for future in majority involve educational activities in different fields.

Possibility and capacities for implementation of low carbon tourism

Decision making processes and response mechanisms to the tourism sector demands (example for low carbon tourism – if it would be request of significant number of tourists)

Number of tourists demanding environmental friendly tourism is increasing and, consequently, the number of tourist entrepreneurs who are trying to respond to such demand. However, this is not systematically organized, but at the level of individual cases.

The extent to which legal frameworks are sympathetically interpreted or simply applied without flexibility Laws should be clear and explicit as there would not be a doubt in the implementation and interpretation. In general, the laws that exist in Montenegro are adequate, but the problem is in implementation. In some legal and strategic documents the problem is that some of them are "taken" from the other systems where function and implemented

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015. very efficiently. However, it is very difficult or impossible to implement the same regulations in our context and system. Also, a lack of precise standards and requirements in part of eco and other certifications is present, and there is a lot of space for improvement in this field.

Systems of monitoring and enforcing existing laws aimed at greening the tourism industry The system of monitoring is not adequate, nor a system of penalties. There are a lot of impermissible activities ongoing, without possibility to be adequately sanctioned and fined. As one of the measures to overcome part of the problems on field, in accordance with information we have, it is planned to introduce the decision on the national level on the increase and the application of penalties for investors who do not complete their unfinished objects – give them an option to complete the investment or to sell it because the penalties are going to be very high.

How the existing systems of financial penalties work and if the funds collected are used in specific ways towards greening the industry Environmental penalty or fee cannot be imposed and collected at the local level. If necessary, it could be introduced certain bylaws that would allow it, but the question is how much it was actually in line with this and other laws (Law on Environmental Protection, the Law on Local Government, Law on Inspections...). Money collected from environmental taxes charged a few years ago at the national level from every tourist at the border crossing, was supposed to be distributed throughout the municipalities in proportion to the number of foreign tourists who came to the municipality. However, these funds are distributed in a different way and municipalities and communities where these tourists came did not get anything. Considering number of tourist visiting Budva (as majority), majority of the collected funds should be invested in Budva, and that was not the case.

Role of Institution in low carbon tourism development (e.g. advocacy, public consultations, expertise, monitoring, current or planned incentives in tourism) Local government is very active in providing incentives for environmental projects, promotion, training and plans regarding the construction of facilities, waste disposal, financial incentives and exemptions. Several projects resulted from our activities in this field, such as pilot project of hotel Maestral on waste recycling, and several following projects in this field.

Awareness on end-users’/tourists’ as well as on tourism services providers needs and requirements regarding implementation of the low carbon tourism in Montenegro Local tourism office of the municipality of Budva is mainly in charge of this matter, even though our municipality has separate offices for communication with citizens and tourists on different matters. Our services are to sum up aware on requirements of tourists and those tourists are increasingly seeking for eco- tourism offer in terms of accommodation, food, transport...

Note: Public utility companies should be included in the project

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Old Royal Capital of Cetinje – local self-government Cetinje, June 24, 2015

Analysis of the level of awareness, general knowledge and preferences of specific issues

The impact of climate change, particularly CO2 and other harmful gases to the tourism in Montenegro Cetinje is situated on the two national parks (Lovćen and Skadarsko Lake), and because of that the territory of the Old Royal Capital of Cetinje is not that affected by environmentally negative activities. Gases emissions do not have a too strong negative impact. There is certain amount of negative impact, but that impact can be reduced by set of measures that municipality of Cetinje has already planned. Overcoming is possible in different ways, by introducing new ecological ways of transport, energy efficiency measures, ecological tourism offer, etc. In the transportation sector, as one of the major projects that would reduce negative impact that traffic has on environment is creation of cableway from Kotor to Lovćen, but also creation of mini traffic bypass around Cetinje. These projects would minimize the number of busses and vehicles in the area of city center and the National Park Lovćen, area of Njeguši, but this project is also a good example of linking ecology and tourism. In Cetinje, considering energy efficiency measures, there are several ongoing projects, such as one of the major projects like the Beautiful Cetinje. Projects are considering introduction of energy efficiency measures in public lighting system, energy efficiency measures in public buildings. On the other side, Cetinje is creating tourism offers (considering to my level of knowledge, they could be classified into eco-tourism offers, or tourism offers with no negative influence on environment) such as opening of the Lipska pećina Cave as new offer in speleology tourism, creation of already mentioned cableway from Kotor to Lovćen, and new offer in religious tourism – the Filarmosa Icon, targeting specific markets.

Preconditions for integration of low carbon tourism concept in strategic and legislative system in Montenegro Every new tax could be bad and could cause resistance, but it should be applied as well as incentives in a balanced way. I am not proponent of the new taxes concept introduction, if it represents certain business barriers. However, there is a space at local government level for introduction of such tax. For example, we have increased taxes for hotels at 2 or 3 stars category in comparison to the more luxurious, in order to create better climate for development of high quality hotel offer.

Benefits of establishing a National Climate Touristic Fund and finance mechanisms to support low carbon tourism This can be good idea. It would make sense if it had really multiplying effect that collected money from polluters is spend purposely. As one of the first steps to be implemented in order to show profitability of this type of the initiative, is cost-benefit analysis of the Fund that needs to be done. If the analysis defines validity of the initiative, than definitely this idea should be implemented. We should also consider the option of local Funds of this kind.

Benefits of voluntary/carbon offset schemes and integration in to Montenegro tourism related booking systems from transport, accommodation As one of the first steps, we should centralize the system on a local or national level and have a database of all the pollutants on local and national level. According to my opinion, compensation is inefficient way of penalty, it is better to pay penalty and collect that money into the fund for pollution, and the administration of the city or administration at the national level should allocate those funds for some environmental project, which requires greater investment. As we mentioned in previous question, national and local funds would be desirable, if the previous cost benefit analysis shows validity of the initiative.

Eco-certification standards and their preferences towards future activities in promotion and larger integration of these standards in everyday activities It is desirable to introduce it, but not to present a business barrier. Considering current situation among SMEs, this initiative is hardly applicable. We are not developed enough (especially our business sector) as well as the market to

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015. completely respond on the set of too high standards and we have obligation to provide them opportunities and good climate to work.

Availability of low/no carbon tourist products and services in Montenegro There are a lot of opportunities in the local government of Cetinje, but also in entire Montenegro. Next to current low/no carbon tourist products and services in Montenegro, local government of Cetinje is dedicated to further development of such services, especially in the area of – hiking, biking, national parks, historic center, carriages in the historic center of Cetinje, etc. As already mentioned, currently ongoing projects are creation of cableway from Njeguši to Kotor, opening of the Lipska Cave, opening of the Icon Filarmosa Center, adoption of higher standards of hotel in Sports center in Cetinje owned by the local government, etc. Local government of Cetinje will be dedicated to this kind of projects also in the future.

Act as industry ‘champions’ in promoting climate change-tourism responses through knowledge exchange and education It would be good, but not enough for responsible company to promote environmental projects through education and conference. However, it is particularly preferred that these big companies through their example show good practice, concrete actions and deeds, not through seminars, training, conferences ... The concept of "polluter pays" is good, but in a certain extent excessive pollution cannot be compensated with money. It should be defined the limits to which the pollution could be money fined, while the drastic measures (closing the facility, withdrawal of licenses ...) should be applied to those who exceed this limit.

Awareness of employees in the institution with the concept of sustainable and eco-tourism, especially those which are in direct contact with tourists and / or representatives of the tourism sector; Education in this direction - the experience, funding, plans Capacities at the local level in terms of development and strategic concept of tourism and environmental protection are poor. We are currently working mostly on projects related to energy efficiency in the Cetinje. Most of the tourism projects should be done in cooperation with local tourism organization of Cetinje. However, education and awareness-raising is necessary.

Possibility and capacities for implementation of low carbon tourism

Decision making processes and response mechanisms to the tourism sector demands (example for low carbon tourism) Mechanisms have been developed to respond to market demand. If we are not in a position or ability to conduct some projects as a public body and as a local government, then we involve NGOs to implement the project with our financing. Also, it is possible to adopt various incentives for certain activities – like lower real estate taxes for the accommodation capacities of higher standards or for accommodation with lager capacity.

The extent to which legal frameworks are sympathetically interpreted or simply applied without flexibility Yes at the local level. N/A for the state administration. Our local strategic plans are representing real needs and development goals of Cetinje in the future period.

Systems for and perceptions of success in monitoring and enforcing existing laws aimed at greening the tourism industry N/A

How the existing systems of financial penalties work and if the funds collected are used in specific ways towards greening the industry Communal police is the only local supervisory authority, but the ecological problems are not in their jurisdiction.

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Role of Institution in low carbon tourism development (e.g. advocacy, public consultations, expertise, monitoring) Local government implemented a number of projects relating to ecology / energy efficiency, like „Beautiful Cetinje“ , benefits for tourist facilities ... Three new planned tourism projects which do not have a negative impact on the environment are: cableway, Lipska Cave as a tourist attraction for which is given a concession, Filarmosa Icon, etc.

Awareness on end-users’/tourists’ as well as on tourism services providers needs and requirements regarding implementation of the low carbon tourism in Montenegro We are mostly aware about those needs through local tourism organization of Cetinje. Some of the projects planned are based on needs of the tourists visiting Cetinje, which shows dedication of further development of connection with needs of the tourists as final beneficiaries.

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Municipality of Herceg Novi – local self-government Herceg Novi, July 01, 2015

Analysis of the level of awareness, general knowledge and preferences of specific issues

The impact of climate change, particularly CO2 and other harmful gases to the tourism in Montenegro The increasing traffic frequency during the season definitely increases air pollution. When it comes to the negative impact of accommodation, it is influenced through use of air conditioners. Our tourism offer is not developed in the direction of efficient use of alternative energy sources.

Preconditions for integration of low carbon tourism concept in strategic and legislative system in Montenegro N/A

Benefits of establishing a National Climate Touristic Fund and finance mechanisms to support low carbon tourism It is impossible to imagine that any of the existing providers in the tourism industry voluntarily participate in financing of environmental activities. There is the idea that eco-fund is partly financed from the tourist tax, but considering that part of these funds are distributed between national and the local level, the question is of which part would be allocated for ecology.

Benefits of voluntary/carbon offset schemes and integration in to Montenegro tourism related booking systems from transport, accommodation This is very difficult to implement and expect from investors and entrepreneurs to invest voluntarily as they expect incentives from the state and the community, and have no thought that they contribute to the development of the community.

Eco-certification standards and their preferences towards future activities in promotion and larger integration of these standards in everyday activities It is not regulated system and there are only isolated cases of standardization.

Availability of low/no carbon tourist products and services in Montenegro Offer of environmentally developed accommodation services is not significant because it is not profitable investment. In Herceg Novi there are no large hotels, so at the individual level this offers is unprofitable, and the season is short - about 40 days.

Act as industry ‘champions’ in promoting climate change-tourism responses through knowledge exchange and education Examples of good practice could certainly motivate the wider community to implement programs to adapt to climate change.

Awareness of employees in the institution with the concept of sustainable and eco-tourism, especially those which are in direct contact with tourists and / or representatives of the tourism sector; Education in this direction - the experience, funding, plans N/A

Possibility and capacities for implementation of low carbon tourism

Decision making processes and response mechanisms to the tourism sector demands (example for low carbon tourism) N/A

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The extent to which legal frameworks are sympathetically interpreted or simply applied without flexibility Partially are enabled benefits and incentives for the implementation of the eco-tourism. The legal framework should be accompanied by changes in technological developments and other changes in markets. Laws and regulations at the local level are very clearly defined in the implementation, but the application of ecological business or businesses in accordance with sustainable development are not important and clearly defined.

Systems for and perceptions of success in monitoring and enforcing existing laws aimed at greening the tourism industry It is insufficient number of inspectors, and the awareness of the population is not sufficiently developed to adequately supervise and implement rules.

Role of Institution in low carbon tourism development (e.g. advocacy, public consultations, expertise, monitoring) N/A

How the existing systems of financial penalties work and if the funds collected are used in specific ways towards greening the industry N/A

Awareness on end-users’/tourists’ as well as on tourism services providers needs and requirements regarding implementation of the low carbon tourism in Montenegro Tourists always prefer destinations with eco prefix.

Note: Use of funds from the collection of tourist tax is not transparent.

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Municipality of Kotor – local self-government and Local Tourist Organization Kotor, June 25, 2015

Analysis of the awareness level, general knowledge and preferences on certain issues:

Influence of climate changes, carbon offset and carbon footprint on tourism in Montenegro According to the official data, the municipality of Kotor is categorized in the “preservation” category by the Agency for Environmental Protection. This category implies good parameters in the field of air pollution and the environment in general. Therefore, measuring the environmental pollution has not been conducted in the past 3 years. However, we believe that the situation in the municipality in terms of ecology is very bad. As the main emitters of carbon dioxide and the negative environmental impact is road traffic (a large number of vehicles, more than 3,000 buses) plane and cruise ship traffic (1,700 yachts and 400 cruise ships during the season), and 6 quarries that exist in the municipality of Kotor. Also, we believe that there are some environmental problems in the area of Lustica, primarily related to depleted uranium from the time of the bombing.

Preconditions for integration of low carbon tourism concept in strategic and legislative system in Montenegro and possibilities to implement this concept (at the national and local level through e.g. taxes for endangering environment) In order to create the preconditions for further development of the eco-tourism and sustainable development concept, decentralization of the system is required, with delegation of the autonomy to local governments in certain segments. As it was before 2008, when local municipalities had more independency in several segments. Current centralization model is creating also fiscal dependency on national bodies, not providing possibilities for introduction of taxes on local level. Options exist but are not sufficiently used. Fact that we need approval from central government for introduction of every new tax is barrier for local municipalities. Many of previous initiatives from the municipality of Kotor for introduction of new taxes have been defined as business barriers from the central governments.

Benefits of establishing a National Climate Touristic Fund and finance mechanisms to support low carbon tourism There are a number of potential benefits, but primarily from the establishment of local funds of this type. As one example, there is a local fund for the protection of the cultural heritage of Kotor. Funding for the fund are provided on the basis of fees for the protection of cultural heritage by the municipality introduced on the basis of existing legal possibilities, and as the UNESCO protected area. The amount of the current tax is 15 EUR per every bus coming to Kotor. The process of sustainable establishment of this type of fund is demanding, but possible.

Benefits of voluntary/carbon offset schemes and integration in to Montenegro tourism related booking systems from transport, accommodation The introduction of this information in the booking system would be very important. The guests and tour operators visiting Kotor are environmentally acquainted, and it would be very important to mention the information included in the booking system. On the other hand, our tourism sector especially in the municipality of Kotor is not sufficiently developed in this area, so there are minor possibilities to introduce currently such information into booking system.

Eco-certification standards and their preferences towards future activities in promotion and larger integration of these standards in everyday activities Ecological certification is very important and desirable, but hardly applicable, bearing in mind the current situation. Introduction of those standards is usually long term and expensive process. Standards for eco certification are not adequately promoted or defined by laws or supporting acts, in order to be properly implemented. Another barrier is mentality of our people, which are trying to earn more with less investment. According to our knowledge, there is one small hotel with such eco mark (or something similar) in the area of Lipci. Another problem in this field is fact that state is not supporting this type of good examples (example of small hotel in Lipci). Namely, Ministry for Tourism and Sustainable Development adopted decision for creation of waste landfill in the area of Lipci springs, in the immediate surrounding area of the mentioned hotel.

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Availability of low/no carbon tourist products and services in Montenegro There is lack of such offers. It was partly to blame lack of adequate supporting infrastructure. On the other hand, there are a lot of opportunities, especially in the villages in the municipality of Kotor. There are lot of villages present, having in mind size of the municipality of Kotor. A potential problem for the future sustainable development of this offer is again infrastructure, especially energy and water. A potential solution could be the windmills system, which can be used to produce the necessary electricity and water, as a basic precondition for the further smooth development. According to our opinion, this type of offer is very important, and would provide additional quality to Kotor tourism offer. However, municipality of Kotor is not capable to provide benefits and support development of this type of offer without state intervention.

Incentives for industry ‘leaders’ to promote climate change-tourism responses through knowledge exchange and education and/or the “polluter pays” concept Branch "leaders" should certainly give the example and participate in the promotion of positive actions. Real examples of those companies could be proper incentive to other companies to implement such standards. However, in the municipality of Kotor, there are very little branch leaders, large tourism companies who could promote such a concept. We don't have any large hotels in the area of Kotor, nor large buss or taxi companies.

Awareness of the institution staff on the concept of sustainable and eco-tourism, especially those in direct contact with tourists and / or representatives of the tourism sector; Education in this area - the experience, funding, plans Employees in our institutions are in a quite sufficiently familiar with the concept of sustainable and eco-tourism, especially employees in the LTO Kotor. However, additional trainings in this area are required.

Possibility and capacities for implementation of low carbon tourism

Decision making processes and response mechanisms to the tourism sector demands (example for low carbon tourism – if it would be request of significant number of tourists) Decentralization of the system is required to appropriately respond to market demands in several aspects. This type of decision making is not providing possibilities to respond to market requests and demands. This process is requiring local municipalities to ask for permissions to central government, which is usually long term bureaucratic process. Providing possibilities to local self-governments in certain segments (as it was before 2008, when were adopted legislative amendments), would be essential.

The extent to which legal frameworks are sympathetically interpreted or simply applied without flexibility We are not in details familiar with the legislation, but we think that there is much room for improvement of the existing regulations. According to our opinion, the concept and criteria for definition of low carbon and eco-tourism are not adequately defined in law and supporting legal acts.

Systems of monitoring and enforcing existing laws aimed at greening the tourism industry The control system is functioning very poorly. We are not sure what is the problem (human resource capacities probably), but the monitoring system is not working. There are large number of examples to support this fact (Lipci shore devastation, quarries in the area of Lipci and Lastva Grbaljska, etc). In order to overcome those problems, part of the jurisdiction of the control system should be entrusted to local governments.

How the existing systems of financial penalties work and if the funds collected are used in specific ways towards greening the industry As well as the control system, the system of penalties is functioning very poorly. The part of the jurisdiction of the control system should be entrusted to local governments. Since 2008, the jurisdiction in this area that the municipality had was taken away by the state. This would provide possibilities to react more promptly, and to be familiar with all the problems within our local community.

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Role of Institution in low carbon tourism development (e.g. advocacy, public consultations, expertise, monitoring, current or planned incentives in tourism) The local government has already introduced part of taxes and benefits, and has planned a number of projects in this area. These projects are defined in the strategic development plan of the municipality (available of the municipality website www.kotor.me). Problems in the implementation of these activities are centralized system, inadequate legislation and lack of financial resources for implementation of the part of the planned projects.

Awareness on end-users’/tourists’ as well as on tourism services providers needs and requirements regarding implementation of the low carbon tourism in Montenegro LTO Koor implements annual surveys on tourists in order to be introduced with the needs of tourists. Next to this, LTO is organizing info points in the area of Kotor Old Town, in order to receive feedback from the tourists and provide them adequate info service. In communication with tourism guides, we also receive information about tourists’ needs, compliments and critics.

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Municipality of Tivat – local self-government Tivat, June 24, 2015

Analysis of the level of awareness, general knowledge and preferences of specific issues

The impact of climate change, particularly CO2 and other harmful gases to the tourism in Montenegro Different tourism activities actually cause climate change, especially through emission of different gases. Most affecting emissions are air conditioners and traffic – road transportation, while additional problem is proximity of the airport, ferry, and recently emissions of yachting tourism. However, there is no industry in the municipality of Tivat, which favors the development of tourism as the strategic development branch. Compared to earlier period, situation considering environmental protection is much better now – instead of the shipyard that significantly threatened the environment, we now have strictly controlled marina for yachts, and planes landing at the airport which are using ecological fuel and have adequate filters.

Preconditions for integration of low carbon tourism concept in strategic and legislative system in Montenegro The strategic commitment of the municipality is sustainable development and eco-tourism. Tivat is the first municipality in Montenegro that adopted the spatial urban plan as a guideline for further development. The plan envisaged that more than 70% of the territory should be a "green area". Sustainable development is also defined as one of five strategic decisions at the local level in the five-year development plan. Municipality of Tivat introduced a system of cycling in the city center, and that system is currently expanding, also by purchasing electric bikes. Montenegro has generally done a lot in the legal system of environmental protection, after 2005. Major improvements also in a field of legal framework have been done in the last 10-12 years. However, the problem is implementation. Not only because there is a lack of understanding, but also due to ignorance about responsibility – who is responsible. The competent authorities at the national level have the problem of trained employees who are ready for the implementation of certain laws, regulations and plans. According to the Law on Water, concessions fees on water usage should be paid by all direct users. However, it is only applied by direct Public Utility Water Supply Companies. Considering structure of guests and tourism offer in the municipality of Tivat, the main concern considering this issue, is that yachts as direct water users are not paying this fee. Also, currently is in process the drafting of management plan for the City Park and area of Solila under Law on Nature Protection.

Benefits of establishing a National Climate Touristic Fund and finance mechanisms to support low carbon tourism The idea of establishing the Fund is good, but participants, beneficiaries and priority projects should be clearly defined. There is an example of attempt of establishing similar “Eco Fund" several years ago. The documents for this fund were prepared, but the adoption of this idea has been stopped before it was presented to the Assembly of Montenegro. In a similar way you cannot implement the changes of the Law on Communal Services to restore the so- called "urban rent", i.e. fees for use of city-construction land. Ministry of Finance stopped the adoption of this initiative. Businessmen are too burdened with taxes and charges and those should be evenly distributed.

Benefits of voluntary/carbon offset schemes and integration in to Montenegro tourism related booking systems from transport, accommodation It is preferably that compensatory schemes are applied. Municipality of Tivat already anticipated such measures. It’s anticipated trough the local plan of the communal order to compensate with new plants for any environmentally negative activities or logging. Also, preventive and penalty measures are provided for certain activities, but it is a lack of inspectors and the additional problem is also transfer of jurisdiction from the national to the local level.

Eco-certification standards and their preferences towards future activities in promotion and larger integration of these standards in everyday activities This concept is insufficiently represented and utilized in relation to the opportunities and needs of the tourism industry, but it is something to which we must work on in future. However, voluntary certification and

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015. standardization is not possible, only under pressure from regulatory or market demand, this concept could be introduced in Montenegro.

Availability of low/no carbon tourist products and services in Montenegro Opportunities are very weak. Regardless of the available resources and available funds, because of short-term profits and benefits there is no interest for the introduction of ecological principles in business.

Act as industry ‘champions’ in promoting climate change-tourism responses through knowledge exchange and education Branch "champions" are already promoting environmental programs, especially companies such as Porto Montenegro and Luštica Bay, with their developed programs in this field. The concept of "polluter pays" is also acceptable.

Awareness of employees in the institution with the concept of sustainable and eco-tourism, especially those which are in direct contact with tourists and / or representatives of the tourism sector; Education in this direction - the experience, funding, plans Employees directly involved in operations in tourism or sustainable development are educated, but there is always space for further education. Education and ecological awareness is a process, and the path that we started as a local government dedicated to further development.

Possibility and capacities for implementation of low carbon tourism

The extent to which legal frameworks are sympathetically interpreted or simply applied without flexibility The legal framework and regulations generally meet the needs of citizens, tourists, administration and business, but the implementation is the problem in terms of interpretation as well as the employers who need to implement it. The additional problem is also jurisdiction for implementation of the legal framework

Systems for and perceptions of success in monitoring and enforcing existing laws aimed at greening the tourism industry Generally, the inspection system is the weakest point in any field. Inspections should be decentralized (allocated) to the local level, at least in part to make their work more efficient.

How the existing systems of financial penalties work and if the funds collected are used in specific ways towards greening the industry The local government not disposes with the money collected from environmental and related penalties, and they don’t have information where and how that money was used.

Role of Institution in low carbon tourism development (e.g. advocacy, public consultations, expertise, monitoring) Our municipality has already made several steps in this field, such as introduction of bike trails system in city center, introduction of electric bikes, development of city park, valorization of protected areas in the municipality of Tivat (Solila), creation of sustainable development of the green and protected areas in future (spatial plan, set of other local regulations, etc…)

Awareness on end-users’/tourists’ as well as on tourism services providers needs and requirements regarding implementation of the low carbon tourism in Montenegro

In cooperation with the local tourism organization we conducted annual surveys about satisfaction of tourists. The results are presented (to the local parliament and other institutions), analyzed and adjusted to the offer in accordance with the needs of tourists. Also through the local tourism organizations we are promoting all projects and initiatives, as well as successful enterprises in tourism in Tivat.

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Municipality of Ulcinj – local self-government Ulcinj, June 26, 2015

Analysis of the level of awareness, general knowledge and preferences of specific issues

The impact of climate change, particularly CO2 and other harmful gases to the tourism in Montenegro Carbon dioxide definitely creates a problem. This problem is particularly acute with use of cars, and inefficient use of energy. Municipalities and other institutions should be initiators of these activities, they should show how to use alternative energy sources, adequate insulation and similar. Banking sector should provide favorable financing for improvement of tourist facilities, and government should subsidize that kind of financing. This is one of the mechanisms to reduce the negative impact of harmful gases on the climate. In addition, the infrastructure (power supply) sometimes cannot withstand a large number of tourists who come in a short time. Ecology and environmental protection are at a very low level in Montenegro, but the process must begin as soon as possible. Resistance to new things will be a part of that process, but it certainly needs to be overcome.

Preconditions for integration of low carbon tourism concept in strategic and legislative system in Montenegro There are natural resources, but the tourism service providers are still not aware of the existence of the legal and strategic framework for development of such of concept, if any. The state and relevant national stakeholders should improve activities in order to promote this concept to public.

Benefits of establishing a National Climate Touristic Fund and finance mechanisms to support low carbon tourism Replacing old car for a new with additional payment is good example. The problem with the establishment of the fund could be due to distrust towards institutions by citizens and companies. There are lots of good examples in Europe, where those funds have significant influence on development of different sectors. This type of fund should involve all stakeholders, from national and local authorities, business sector, and international donors.

Benefits of voluntary/carbon offset schemes and integration in to Montenegro tourism related booking systems from transport, accommodation Great benefits to be expected from the implementation of new schemes, but most of the guests who come as tourists choose holiday destination based on prices. There is increased number of guests from Western European markets, so those schemes should be very important in future period considering increase of environmentally aware guests.

Eco-certification standards and their preferences towards future activities in promotion and larger integration of these standards in everyday activities The certificate is required as a reward to those who honor a new standard, but there is a doubt in fulfillment the conditions of standardization, as well as in transparency of the process of certification. Certificates and standards must be defined at the national level. Ulcinj is, in a certain way, neglected in national development plans.

Availability of low/no carbon tourist products and services in Montenegro There is a possibility of valorization of resources even in the short term (say a restaurant on Sasko Lake), but the individual activities could be expected only in the long term. In order to provide good offer, an adequate government support or other support in finding adequate markets is still needed. There is also a need for a big promotional campaign for existing offer.

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Act as industry ‘champions’ in promoting climate change-tourism responses through knowledge exchange and education. Branch "champions" should certainly give the example and participate in the promotion of positive activities. For example, German bank with "green card" which means subsidizing those environmentally oriented and using "green energy" (who buys a ticket, these funds go to certain environmental fund). Awareness of employees in the institution with the concept of sustainable and eco-tourism, especially those which are in direct contact with tourists and / or representatives of the tourism sector; Education in this direction - the experience, funding, plans TO Ulcinj is an institution that deals exclusively with tourism and therefore local government employees do not need to be further engaged in the development of tourism. Additional knowledge and education in this and every other field of work certainly is always welcomed.

Possibility and capacities for implementation of low carbon tourism

Decision making processes and response mechanisms to the tourism sector demands (example for low carbon tourism) N/A

The extent to which legal frameworks are sympathetically interpreted or simply applied without flexibility N/A

Systems for and perceptions of success in monitoring and enforcing existing laws aimed at greening the tourism industry Very poor control system. Only a system of penalties could improve the situation. I am not aware what part of the system is not working (HR capacities, lack of will, lack of financial funds, or something else), but the fact is that the system is not working. The major improvement should be done in future period in this field.

How the existing systems of financial penalties work and if the funds collected are used in specific ways towards greening the industry Very poorly functioning system of administration and collection of penalties. There is not significant number of penalties imposed, and the amount of funds collected from within the municipality of Ulcinj. Also, those funds should be returned into same sector in order to resolve some of the problems caused by environmentally negative activities.

Role of Institution in low carbon tourism development (e.g. advocacy, public consultations, expertise, monitoring) It is necessary to coordinate and combine the knowledge and competence of all the institutions, in order to evenly and in the right way develop this area. Local government and its enterprises should be stricter and clearer when it comes to implementation of the laws, regulations and generally maintaining order, above all cleanliness on its territory for citizens and tourists.

Awareness on end-users’/tourists’ as well as on tourism services providers needs and requirements regarding implementation of the low carbon tourism in Montenegro There is growing demand of tourists, as well as interest for new offerings in tourism, but for now we are not able to answer those.

Note: It is necessary to conduct training and promotion continuously.

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Municipality of Bar – local tourism organization Bar, June 30, 2015

Analysis of the level of awareness, general knowledge and preferences of specific issues

The impact of climate change, particularly CO2 and other harmful gases to the tourism in Montenegro Most tourists come by bus, then cars and train. Those are the information from the last annual tourists survey done by our institution. However, it is necessary to introduce measures that will lead to the change of transport fuel or adjust the standards in order to reduce their impact and emissions.

Preconditions for integration of low carbon tourism concept in strategic and legislative system in Montenegro N/A

Benefits of establishing a National Climate Touristic Fund and finance mechanisms to support low carbon tourism The establishment of the fund would be very convenient, but this and similar funds should be oriented more toward the local level. In addition, this could be a good mechanism to introduce a system of joint investment at the level of small communities (e.g., residents of the building), which would be partly funded by the state or from such a fund to introduce the use of alternative energy sources.

Benefits of voluntary/carbon offset schemes and integration in to Montenegro tourism related booking systems from transport, accommodation N/A

Eco-certification standards and their preferences towards future activities in promotion and larger integration of these standards in everyday activities Hotels and other accommodation service providers in Bar unfortunately did not show interest in environmental certification (EU Eco label defined by one of the project that LTO Bar implemented) because of complicated procedures and lack of will. Montenegro for example, cannot award an EU eco-label because not an EU member state, but one person from Bar (German citizen – provider of accommodation services) on his own initiative got the license for auditor, and now can assess and give EU eco-label to accommodation capacities (90 criteria, of which 29 were mandatory) with confirmation by the Austrian competent authority (Ministry of Tourism). In Bar there are two individual accommodation (Apartments Slavko and Appartments Utjeha) and tourist resort "Slovenska plaža" are marked with the EU eco-label.

Availability of low/no carbon tourist products and services in Montenegro There are examples of investments in alternative energy sources in tourism with offers of accommodation especially by Russian investors, but this it is still expensive investment to be implemented by citizens or SME representatives from Montenegro, especially without incentives from the state. We do not have enough awareness to adjust tourism products/services to eco-tourism concept.

Act as industry ‘champions’ in promoting climate change-tourism responses through knowledge exchange and education N/A

Awareness of employees in the institution with the concept of sustainable and eco-tourism, especially those which are in direct contact with tourists and / or representatives of the tourism sector; Education in this direction - the experience, funding, plans N/A

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Possibility and capacities for implementation of low carbon tourism

Decision making processes and response mechanisms to the tourism sector demands (example for low carbon tourism) N/A

The extent to which legal frameworks are sympathetically interpreted or simply applied without flexibility Current legal and strategic framework is good and adopted to EU standards. However, more attention should be given to the legal and strategic framework especially on concept of eco-tourism, which is not adequately introduced, especially considering standards to be fulfilled.

Systems for and perceptions of success in monitoring and enforcing existing laws aimed at greening the tourism industry The controlling system, as well as the application of "ecological" tourism is very poor and weak. Primarily problems are related to waste and providing the service of waste collection (and the poorly arranged containers), as well as to inadequate equipment and lack of funds. This is especially present in the rural part of the municipality and the part of the municipality with lot of potentials for development of eco-tourism offer (such as villages in region of Virpazar, Crmnica, etc).

How the existing systems of financial penalties work and if the funds collected are used in specific ways towards greening the industry N/A

Role of Institution in low carbon tourism development (e.g. advocacy, public consultations, expertise, monitoring) N/A

Awareness on end-users’/tourists’ as well as on tourism services providers needs and requirements regarding implementation of the low carbon tourism in Montenegro We conduct an annual survey on the tourists’ needs and satisfaction on current offer. From those surveys we also have information that a significant number of tourists seeking eco-tourism destination for vacation. We will provide results for the last 3 annual surveys, with focus on questions related to eco-tourism.

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Municipality of Budva – local tourism organization Budva, June 25, 2015

Analysis of the level of awareness, general knowledge and preferences of specific issues

The impact of climate change, particularly CO2 and other harmful gases to the tourism in Montenegro This problem exists in the municipality of Budva independently of the season, but during the season is the contamination is much higher in every aspect generally. It is especially the case considering traffic, negative emissions from air conditioners, etc. This problem is important not only for tourists, but also for citizens of Budva.

Preconditions for integration of low carbon tourism concept in strategic and legislative system in Montenegro There are certain elements that are in progress in order to promote eco-tourism. Regulation, which refers specifically to the licensing process is quite confusing and disorganized, which is a barrier to business. One of the major problems is the existence of "gray" economy, and it occurs because of the complicated and costly procedures, as well as the inability to come to adequate information.

Benefits of establishing a National Climate Touristic Fund and finance mechanisms to support low carbon tourism It would be difficult to implement. There are several questions important for implementation such initiative, such as financing, jurisdictions, etc. As the first step in implementation of this concept should be a proper education and strong promotional campaign.

Benefits of voluntary/carbon offset schemes and integration in to Montenegro tourism related booking systems from transport, accommodation This system could be functional, and it could provide benefits for all involved parties (tourism SMEs, tourists, institutions, citizens). But, as well as within the previous question, strong educational campaign must be done in order to create sustainable base for further implementation of this concept.

Eco-certification standards and their preferences towards future activities in promotion and larger integration of these standards in everyday activities This idea is very good, but it is a question how applicable is it at the moment. There are no or inadequate guidelines for obtaining and issuing environmental certification in Montenegro, as a base for development of any kind of certification in future period.

Availability of low/no carbon tourist products and services in Montenegro Institutions from the national level cannot respond on the tourism business sector demands – how and under which conditions should offer environmental products / services. So, the main issue would be defining criteria under existing legislation and strategic framework concept in order to obtain low or no carbon tourism offer.

Act as industry ‘champions’ in promoting climate change-tourism responses through knowledge exchange and education The “carrot and stick” system of should be used – a combination of punishment and reward, but in our system "polluter pays" does not work in practice as it should. Promotion of good practice examples could be applied, but major hotels do not see the benefit of it.

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Awareness of employees in the institution with the concept of sustainable and eco-tourism, especially those which are in direct contact with tourists and / or representatives of the tourism sector; Education in this direction - the experience, funding, plans We are trying to do the education of all stakeholders in the tourism sector and in future those activities should be addressed to local municipalities. We are also working on promotion of eco-tourism, but in promotion of this type of tourism offer major steps are to be done in future period, as this tourism branch is in expansion process.

Possibility and capacities for implementation of low carbon tourism

Decision making processes and response mechanisms to the tourism sector demands (example for low carbon tourism) N/A

The extent to which legal frameworks are sympathetically interpreted or simply applied without flexibility Laws and rules are not enough regulated because it does not represent guidance for anyone who wants to deal with ecological tourism. Institutions on the national level cannot respond the demands of tourism business sector – how and under what conditions should offer environmental products / services. So, the main problem is to define under existing legislation and strategic framework concept and criteria in order to obtain low or no carbon tourism offer.

Systems for and perceptions of success in monitoring and enforcing existing laws aimed at greening the tourism industry Laws are satisfactory and in accordance with EU standards, but the problem is their implementation. Also, there is a space for further improvement of existing laws, and adoption to local needs.

How the existing systems of financial penalties work and if the funds collected are used in specific ways towards greening the industry Penalty system works very poorly. It is required education and environmental awareness of all. Inspections should also be strengthened in future period, in order to secure proper implementation of the good laws.

Role of Institution in low carbon tourism development (e.g. advocacy, public consultations, expertise, monitoring) We mostly work on the education, promotion and initiate various projects in tourism sector. In terms of eco-tourism, we also promote this concept of tourism, and will continue to do so in future period. Together with other institutions, we also develop various projects in this field.

Awareness on end-users’/tourists’ as well as on tourism services providers needs and requirements regarding implementation of the low carbon tourism in Montenegro We are informed, and we are also implementing annual tourists’ needs surveys. The most important current offer of Budva, considering results of surveys are beaches and sea, and before the start of the season we, together with other partners at the local level (local municipality, civil sector, etc.) regularly perform cleaning of the beaches and sea bottom.

Note: Everything should be preceded by education and rising awareness campaigns. Environmental awareness in Montenegro is at a very low level. Hotel "Riviera" in Petrovac is completely energy efficient. There are a number of specific projects, but due to the crowds difficult to come to the forefront, mainly because of the road network (electric taxis, bicycles ... should be used).

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Old Royal Capital of Cetinje – local tourism organization Cetinje, June 29, 2015

Analysis of the level of awareness, general knowledge and preferences of specific issues

The impact of climate change, particularly CO2 and other harmful gases to the tourism in Montenegro There is a lack of awareness on environmental protection and therefore nobody takes climate changes seriously and not thinking long term. However, the situation is changing since now when approving investments, a mandatory document is an environmental study.

Preconditions for integration of low carbon tourism concept in strategic and legislative system in Montenegro Ecotourism is probably involved in strategic and regulatory system of Montenegro even more than we think, but under a different name in a different form – through sports, active tourism and the like. Perhaps it would be logical to introduce ecological tourism as a special branch of tourism and all those tourist activities to become a part of the ecological tourism. The Ministry of Tourism should take care of regulations, as well as of incentives. The regulation is generally good, though always could be better.

Benefits of establishing a National Climate Touristic Fund and finance mechanisms to support low carbon tourism If the establish such a fund, it should be established at the national level, under the responsibility of relevant ministry. Such fund would not be functional at the local level, because the laws are defined and implemented from the national level. National Climate Fund could only work if it was a "closed" type (such as local government budgets - a unique budgetary unit) and to establish on a probationary period - two or three years. It could be financed by donations, the collection of penalties and the like, preferably, the cooperation with the other funds. It would be unrealistic to expect that the state (especially in a longer period) finance this fund.

Benefits of voluntary/carbon offset schemes and integration in to Montenegro tourism related booking systems from transport, accommodation The introduction and application of the compensatory schemes are possible only if defined as obligations to investors. Even if it is defined as a guide, they are less likely to be followed if not an obligation. There is an example where the investor due to the removal of a number of trees for the construction of ski slopes planted elsewhere.

Eco-certification standards and their preferences towards future activities in promotion and larger integration of these standards in everyday activities Certification and standardization are needed, particularly in the field of authentic food products and the relevant ministry should define the criteria and to regulate this area. It would be useful if transportation companies and providers of accommodation would have a "green" label, especially as it would attract more tourists.

Availability of low/no carbon tourist products and services in Montenegro There is a possibility of offering environmentally friendly products and services in the tourism industry, joint promotion of their respective products is offered to producers.

Act as industry ‘champions’ in promoting climate change-tourism responses through knowledge exchange and education This would be certainly an incentive for the small entrepreneurs as they always look up to great once. However, everyone should get adequate incentives by the state to apply and promote green business.

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Awareness of employees in the institution with the concept of sustainable and eco-tourism, especially those which are in direct contact with tourists and / or representatives of the tourism sector; Education in this direction - the experience, funding, plans N/A

Possibility and capacities for implementation of low carbon tourism

Decision making processes and response mechanisms to the tourism sector demands (example for low carbon tourism) N/A

The extent to which legal frameworks are sympathetically interpreted or simply applied without flexibility The legal framework is clearly and precisely defined, especially in the field of urban planning and construction permits. Local government cannot influence the legislation, guidelines and similar defined at the national level.

Systems for and perceptions of success in monitoring and enforcing existing laws aimed at greening the tourism industry When it comes to inspections that must react, at least when in the construction sector, almost nothing can be done. It is best to react by improving preventive measures and regulatory changes if necessary. When the construction permit or any other permit is issued, it could not be expected that there will be deviations.

How the existing systems of financial penalties work and if the funds collected are used in specific ways towards greening the industry N/A

Role of Institution in low carbon tourism development (e.g. advocacy, public consultations, expertise, monitoring) Joined together with associations of hikers and scouts, and through this cooperation, carry out joint activities (hiking to the coast, etc.) and it is through forms of "healthy" recreational tourism. Jointly organize events, camps for athletes, education, etc. Active cooperation with small producers of organic products - Njeguši, Rijeka Crnojevića is established. Together with tourism entrepreneurs creating and promoting the tourist offer of Cetinje. Local government Cetinje is also carrying out important activities in order to relieve the city, cultural and historical core of traffic.

Awareness on end-users’/tourists’ as well as on tourism services providers needs and requirements regarding implementation of the low carbon tourism in Montenegro They are familiar with the needs and demands of tourists. Conduct tourists' satisfaction surveys on offered products and services and discuss research results in terms of responsiveness to the demands of tourists at the local level. The aim of the survey is that the customer does not leave dissatisfied and to improve the offer in the future. There are a number of environmentally aware tourists who prefer "green" destination, but that number is not predominant.

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Municipality of Herceg Novi – local tourism organization Herceg Novi, July 01, 2015

Analysis of the level of awareness, general knowledge and preferences of specific issues

The impact of climate change, particularly CO2 and other harmful gases to the tourism in Montenegro Of course that during the tourist season, increased air pollution and that particularly caused by traffic congestion at the border crossing, the lack of road infrastructure, as well as ferries. LTO together with NTO has sent a request to open the fast lane to Dubrovnik, which will be intended for buses and organized transport, which would greatly reduce traffic congestion and pollution.

Preconditions for integration of low carbon tourism concept in strategic and legislative system in Montenegro Legislation exists but much more should be done. Implementation is very poor, especially inspections in all fields, the existence of the gray economy, especially when it comes to accomodation dealers that hinder the work of travel agencies. The road infrastructure in Herceg Novi is very poor, it is even forbiten cycling at the Promenade.

Benefits of establishing a National Climate Touristic Fund and finance mechanisms to support low carbon tourism The establishment of the ECO fund is necessary and thus could be possible to allocate funds for the preservation and restoration of mimosa extinct, for example. However, the establishing of such a fund is currently difficult because of lack of funds.

Benefits of voluntary/carbon offset schemes and integration in to Montenegro tourism related booking systems from transport, accommodation N/A

Eco-certification standards and their preferences towards future activities in promotion and larger integration of these standards in everyday activities Of great importance for tourism offer and is development of rural tourism, e.g. organic production. The biggest problem is the lack of standardization of the organic environmental tourism. There are no rules and frameworks for the introduction of ECO tourism offer. The best practice is Switzerland, where implement penalties for those with arable land and not process it.

Availability of low/no carbon tourist products and services in Montenegro N/A

Act as industry ‘champions’ in promoting climate change-tourism responses through knowledge exchange and education Sector Leaders should promote and provide a positive example in the development of eco-tourism and environmental protection.

Awareness of employees in the institution with the concept of sustainable and eco-tourism, especially those which are in direct contact with tourists and / or representatives of the tourism sector; Education in this direction - the experience, funding, plans Education should start from the children in the schools because it is extremely difficult to affect our people as some of them are still living in the period of communism.

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Possibility and capacities for implementation of low carbon tourism

Decision making processes and response mechanisms to the tourism sector demands (example for low carbon tourism) N/A

The extent to which legal frameworks are sympathetically interpreted or simply applied without flexibility There is no adequate cooperation between the institutions as well as among local governments. Additional problem is not using a pre-accession funds in this and similar purposes.

Systems for and perceptions of success in monitoring and enforcing existing laws aimed at greening the tourism industry N/A

How the existing systems of financial penalties work and if the funds collected are used in specific ways towards greening the industry N/A

Role of Institution in low carbon tourism development (e.g. advocacy, public consultations, expertise, monitoring) N/A

Awareness on end-users’/tourists’ as well as on tourism services providers needs and requirements regarding implementation of the low carbon tourism in Montenegro There are requirements from tourists for ECO tourism and a survey on tourists’ satisfaction is conducted on annual basis.

Note: There is a recycling plant at the entrance of Herceg Novi.

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Municipality of Tivat – local tourism organization Tivat, June 24, 2015

Analysis of the level of awareness, general knowledge and preferences of specific issues

The impact of climate change, particularly CO2 and other harmful gases to the tourism in Montenegro A large number of vehicles, as well as road infrastructure negatively affect on our lives, not only on tourists. It is preferred the use of solar energy, which is not sufficiently used in the tourism industry.

Preconditions for integration of low carbon tourism concept in strategic and legislative system in Montenegro In the regulation and strategic framework this concept is sufficiently represented, but the problem is implementation. Penalty policy system is insufficient and non-regulated and therefore the implementation is poor. The inspection is with poor capacities in respect to human recourses and technical capacity in order to provide proper implementation.

Benefits of establishing a National Climate Touristic Fund and finance mechanisms to support low carbon tourism It would be ideal to set up the fund, but there is no will and the ability to realize that.

Benefits of voluntary/carbon offset schemes and integration in to Montenegro tourism related booking systems from transport, accommodation This system is good and there could be benefits for all, but that system in Montenegro is not functioning. This would be good if is conducted like measure also from the side of control, because measures would determine exactly what, where and how much polluter must do.

Eco-certification standards and their preferences towards future activities in promotion and larger integration of these standards in everyday activities Preferably, but application is problematic. Currently the promotion of eco-accommodation would have an impact on 1% of tourists because tourists who come to Montenegro are mainly not ecologically aware. Because of that, it is currently difficult to attract tourist by implementing this concept. Further opening of the Western European market would provide better possibilities for this concept.

Availability of low/no carbon tourist products and services in Montenegro In Montenegro, there are insufficient and lack of adequate accommodation facilities (hotels) with adequate tourist offer. This is especially the case in coastal region of Montenegro. However, in Northern Montenegro this concept is already developed and has possibilities for further development.

Act as industry ‘champions’ in promoting climate change-tourism responses through knowledge exchange and education Branch "champions" are promoting our and their own environmental projects. In our municipality branch champions are active in this field. As expected, companies Porto Montenegro and Luštica Bay are mostly active in this respect.

Awareness of employees in the institution with the concept of sustainable and eco-tourism, especially those which are in direct contact with tourists and / or representatives of the tourism sector; Education in this direction - the experience, funding, plans All employees are introduced and ecologically aware, organized and carried out numerous educational and promotional activities, and also they motivate all citizens to implement this concept.

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Possibility and capacities for implementation of low carbon tourism

Decision making processes and response mechanisms to the tourism sector demands (example for low carbon tourism) N/A

The extent to which legal frameworks are sympathetically interpreted or simply applied without flexibility Legal framework is completely clear, but implementation is completely poor. Part of the responsibilities for poor and inappropriate implementation goes to inspections.

Systems for and perceptions of success in monitoring and enforcing existing laws aimed at greening the tourism industry N/A

How the existing systems of financial penalties work and if the funds collected are used in specific ways towards greening the industry N/A

Role of Institution in low carbon tourism development (e.g. advocacy, public consultations, expertise, monitoring) Role of our institutions is promotion and support to all environmental touristic projects. Our institution promotes this type of offer, and our institution (together with the municipality of Tivat) participated in several projects related to this concept. Those projects are preparation of the cycling zone offer, different waste disposal projects, etc.

Awareness on end-users’/tourists’ as well as on tourism services providers needs and requirements regarding implementation of the low carbon tourism in Montenegro There is a much expressed awareness on tourists’ needs. Every year tourists are interviewed and results of such surveys are presented to the local government and other relevant subjects. We will also provide the results to for the last 3 years.

Note: The concept of eco-tourism has perspective in Montenegro, but only in the central and northern region, because it is in the south all ruined!

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Municipality of Ulcinj – local tourism organization Ulcinj, June 26, 2015

Analysis of the level of awareness, general knowledge and preferences of specific issues

The impact of climate change, particularly CO2 and other harmful gases to the tourism in Montenegro In Ulcinj, like everywhere, the climate changes’ influences caused by pollution in general are present. Tourists are coming mainly by cars and the use of air conditioners contribute to pollution, especially increased consumption. It is a great release as there is no industrial pollution, and the negative effect of air pollution in our city is reduced. There is a problem with infrastructure, which prevents the use of alternative energy sources in transport (electric, cars, bicycles), as well as the use of bicycles as there are no bike paths, and public transport is not developed.

Preconditions for integration of low carbon tourism concept in strategic and legislative system in Montenegro There are important natural resources for the development of the eco-tourism concept, but there are no strategic guidelines for the entire coast. Legal and strategic framework should be more precise and provide clear guidelines and criteria for development of this type of tourism offer.

Benefits of establishing a National Climate Touristic Fund and finance mechanisms to support low carbon tourism It is necessary to establish such a fund, but there is no indication that it could be soon realized. There are several barriers for implementation of this concept, such as definition of funds, stakeholders, priority projects, etc. This type of initiatives implies to be realized in at least midterm process.

Benefits of voluntary/carbon offset schemes and integration in to Montenegro tourism related booking systems from transport, accommodation Implementation of this system and the scheme would be in our country problematic because it would require a huge commitment of all stakeholders, as well as good guidance for the implementation of these activities.

Eco-certification standards and their preferences towards future activities in promotion and larger integration of these standards in everyday activities Environmental certification is required, but with certain benefits to those who invest in ecology. I am not aware of any type of eco certification in Montenegro. Also, legal and strategic framework does not provide such a concept and criteria for its fulfillment.

Availability of low/no carbon tourist products and services in Montenegro There is very modest eco-tourism offer. The requirements of tourists are big, but it should be strategically focused towards it. However, in Ulcinj there is a noteworthy and significant offer of sports and some forms of adventure tourism. There is also a natural precondition for development of the health tourism. There is a problem with connecting agriculture and tourism since the system of purchase of agricultural products is not developed in an organized manner.

Act as industry ‘champions’ in promoting climate change-tourism responses through knowledge exchange and education Awareness on the existence of such branch "champion" for the promotion of eco-tourism at the local level is not developed, but that system could functioning. The system of "polluter pays" is highly recommended, although in practice in Ulcinj there are no examples of penalties charged. There are also no large companies and branch leaders, which could promote such a concept.

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Awareness of employees in the institution with the concept of sustainable and eco-tourism, especially those which are in direct contact with tourists and / or representatives of the tourism sector; Education in this direction - the experience, funding, plans Employees have enough knowledge, but education is very necessary, especially for tourism entrepreneurs in rural areas. There should be a common initiatives and common activities toward education in different fields, especially in development of green tourism offers.

Possibility and capacities for implementation of low carbon tourism

Decision making processes and response mechanisms to the tourism sector demands (example for low carbon tourism) N/A

The extent to which legal frameworks are sympathetically interpreted or simply applied without flexibility A lot should be done on the legal framework, as well as strategic guidelines. The problem is also in the implementation of laws that exist. That should all be initiated from the national level as well as initiatives for the preparation and implementation of legal and strategic framework.

Systems for and perceptions of success in monitoring and enforcing existing laws aimed at greening the tourism industry There is insufficient monitoring system because the small number of environmental inspectors. However, it is necessary to work on raising the awareness of citizens and tourists as preventive actions.

How the existing systems of financial penalties work and if the funds collected are used in specific ways towards greening the industry The penalties should be high and precisely defined. The system of its collection should be strong, and the funds collected should be reinvested into same sector, in order to resolve some of the present problems, and to act preventively. This is not the case in Montenegro, currently.

Role of Institution in low carbon tourism development (e.g. advocacy, public consultations, expertise, monitoring) As a recent institution, we are just planning to undertake activities to promote and develop eco-tourism. We are particularly focused on the promotion and use of resources of Salt Plant Solana and Sasko Lake in the direction of eco-tourism.

Awareness on end-users’/tourists’ as well as on tourism services providers needs and requirements regarding implementation of the low carbon tourism in Montenegro We do not conduct research on the needs and level of satisfaction of tourists, considering the fact that we are recently established institution. We are the youngest Tourism Organization and we are still developing. So far, we are open for appeals of the tourists, providing basic tourist information and collection of tourist taxes. We also participate in a cluster of health tourism.

Note: We are not aware on the environmental laws in Montenegro. The big problems are illegal dumps, and in Ulcinj no one has ever been charged to pay penalty because of inappropriate waste disposing.

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Ministry of Sustainable Development and Tourism – Directorate for Spatial Planning Podgorica June, 23, 2015

Analysis of the level of awareness, general knowledge and preferences of specific issues

The impact of climate change, particularly CO2 and other harmful gases to the tourism in Montenegro The effect of carbon dioxide and other harmful gases is especially strong and causes significant problems during the summer tourist season.

Preconditions for integration of low carbon tourism concept in strategic and legislative system in Montenegro The preconditions for integration of this type of tourism depends on how much does this process and its integration costs, considering that the season lasts only 40 days. Any investment into development of new offer without quick pay off time could be problematic. Also, the additional tax or taxes would be problematic for anything that does not bring a quick benefit.

Benefits of establishing a National Climate Touristic Fund and finance mechanisms to support low carbon tourism One of the major aspects within this concept is the question who would provide funds for financing and from where? There is a possibility that the taxes on fuel could be allocated to the fund. However, in these circumstances it would be very difficult (impossible) to realize this concept and any other way of financing these measures.

Benefits of voluntary/carbon offset schemes and integration in to Montenegro tourism related booking systems from transport, accommodation This system could be functional, but should be first initiated through pilot projects. This concept should also introduce a system of incentives and penalties because it is not desirable to introduce only a penalty policy, while you do not have the incentives. In this way businessman could assess whether it is worth it to pay a penalty in relation to the incentive for additional environmental investments that could provide multiple benefits for responsible business.

Eco-certification standards and their preferences towards future activities in promotion and larger integration of these standards in everyday activities Certifications and standardizations are always a very good thing. The Blue Flag is a positive example which local tourism organizations could follow on the way to devise a program of certification for accommodations. Local government could also propose incentives for accommodation reinters that raises a service to a higher level in exchange for including their capacity to entire municipality offer.

Availability of low/no carbon tourist products and services in Montenegro Yes, with additional linking of institutions and more incentives to this sector in order to fulfill those standards. As I already highlighted, it is very difficult to invest and adopt to some standards without incentives, especially if the season is lasting for only 40 days.

Act as industry ‘champions’ in promoting climate change-tourism responses through knowledge exchange and education It is better to apply incentives through promotion of successful and responsible entrepreneurs than to implement penalty policy. The balance of these two policies is needed.

Awareness of employees in the institution with the concept of sustainable and eco-tourism, especially those which are in direct contact with tourists and / or representatives of the tourism sector; Education in this direction - the experience, funding, plans There is a significant relationship between sustainable development, tourism and representatives of the tourism sector, especially with regard to the prevention of distortion of spatial balance. Education is always good and needed.

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Possibility and capacities for implementation of low carbon tourism

Decision making processes and response mechanisms to the tourism sector demands (example for low carbon tourism) Decision-making mechanisms in line with the requirements of the market currently are not sufficiently developed. All current spatial plans contain all the elements in accordance with sustainable development, but the when it comes to the implementation, these plans failed. As much as the guidelines and regulations are appropriate and well prepared, problems occur in the implementation. Personal opinion is that the complete spatial planning should be centralized in order to avoid failure. In particular, there are the most common problems in issuing building permits, which is under the jurisdiction of local governments. Centralization is especially possible because we are a small country.

The extent to which legal frameworks are sympathetically interpreted or simply applied without flexibility The legal framework is adequate, but the implementation is problematic. The question is what part of the system is not functioning.

Systems for and perceptions of success in monitoring and enforcing existing laws aimed at greening the tourism industry Institute of plans revision and particularity personal responsibility must be (re)introduced – in accordance with license. Individuals and agencies that issue construction permits at the local level should be trained in the same way as individuals and departments at the national level in order to have the same knowledge, the same control, the same mechanisms of decision-making and the like.

How the existing systems of financial penalties work and if the funds collected are used in specific ways towards greening the industry There is no knowledge, but believes that these funds are not used for these purposes. There is possibility to use these funds in a proper way. The proposal is to conduct a pilot project that would be a good example to other businesses and institutions.

Role of Institution in low carbon tourism development (e.g. advocacy, public consultations, expertise, monitoring) The role of the Directorate of Spatial Planning is primary to define base for the development of eco-tourism through planning documents and its adequate and consistent application.

Awareness on end-users’/tourists’ as well as on tourism services providers needs and requirements regarding implementation of the low carbon tourism in Montenegro We are generally introduced, especially through departments of our institution that has connection with end users. We are also indirectly aware, through different documents and analysis presented within our institution.

Note: It is not a moment for significant move towards eco-tourism and low-carbon tourism, but could start from small things.

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Ministry of Sustainable Development and Tourism – Directorate for Tourism Development and Standard Podgorica, July 8, 2015

Analysis of the awareness level, general knowledge and preferences on certain issues:

Influence of climate changes, carbon offset and carbon footprint on tourism in Montenegro The influence is reciprocal – tourism affects the environment, and climate change affecting tourism. A balance should be found where the high quality offer will allow environmental protection. The requirements of tourists are increasingly related to the untouched nature, while tourism is a significant "pollutant". Both, accommodation and transportation negatively affect the environment. The problem with traffic is the most obvious, not only because of exhaust gases, but also because of inadequate infrastructure and lack of offered public transport - urban, suburban and inter-city and maritime line intercity traffic. When it comes to accommodation, first of all there is a problem of inadequately disposed and non-recycled waste. The issue of energy efficiency is solved through granting higher standards (more stars category) for hotel capacities.

Preconditions for integration of low carbon tourism concept in strategic and legislative system in Montenegro and possibilities to implement this concept The legal framework is not an obstacle, but does not provide special incentives for the tourism industry. There are clear guidelines for planning documents for construction, waste treatment, etc. The guidelines are however binding when it comes to spatial planning.

Benefits of establishing a National Climate Touristic Fund or some other finance mechanisms to support low carbon tourism It is necessary to introduce fees on facilities out of use, which devastate the area and disrupt the community. The establishment of such or similar fund is incorporated in the new Law, which is pending. It should be clearly defined who is going to invest in this fund and how the funds will be used from it.

Benefits of voluntary/carbon offset schemes and integration in to Montenegro tourism related booking systems from transport, accommodation Such schemes are desirable and should be introduced as an obligation for each pollutant. In the field of the spatial plans for tourism facilities the green area should be defined by the investor in order to obtain a license, but the problem is that such plan is not implemented according to the plan.

Eco-certification standards and preferences towards future promotion and larger integration of these standards in everyday activities Certification and standardization in tourism are desirable with the aim of improving the tourist offer. It would be good to introduce some eco- tourism certification award at the national level. That would definitely attract significant number of tourists, especially from the Western European market.

Availability of low/no carbon tourist products and services in Montenegro There are significant resources, natural and social, for developing and offering environmentally friendly products and services in tourism.

Incentives for industry ‘champions’ to promote climate change-tourism responses through knowledge exchange and education and/or the “polluter pays” concept It is desirable that the branch "champions" promote ecological tourism, not just those who are new in the Montenegrin tourism, but also those involved in tourism for a long time.

Awareness of the institution staff on the concept of sustainable and eco-tourism, especially those in direct contact with tourists and / or representatives of the tourism sector; Education in this area - the experience, funding, plans

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Ministry needs additional capacities since they have insufficient number of staff hired specifically for the tourism development, especially in the field of development and implementation of projects, as well as the introduction of innovations in the legal framework. Education and improving the capacity is needed, especially in the field of projects’ development and obtain grants and donations.

Possibility and capacities for implementation of low carbon tourism

Decision making processes and response mechanisms to the tourism sector demands The decisions and guidelines should be defined and initiated at both the national and local. Local authorities have enough capacities and authority to do much by them and there is no need to wait for the national government’s decisions to react and make decisions on taxes, new activities in the field of public utilities. The government and the ministries could provide guidance to local governments, but they have very broad powers that they usually do not use.

The extent to which legal frameworks on eco-tourism are sympathetically interpreted or simply applied without flexibility The legal framework is clearly defined, but there is a problem in its implementation.

Systems of monitoring and enforcing existing laws aimed at greening the tourism industry The monitoring system exists and is clearly defined. However, the question is whether supervision is carried out and systematically organized. The best control would be that each subsequent step, for example in obtaining various permits, is conditioned for the next step. Inspections are insufficient and they should to act only after is obvious that there is no way to modify damages made. The biggest problem with the control system is that inspection acts on call, while there are an insufficient number of environmental inspectors and after the damage was made when not very much could be done; and the fact that the inspector may impose a penalty only if is located at the place and time of doing damage.

How the existing systems of financial penalties work and if the funds collected are used in specific ways towards greening the industry It is important that the collection of certain penalties is visible and transparent, that the one who is punished and others see the need to pay for causing certain problems or creating offenses, that such things never happen again, but also for those funds to be used appropriately for rehabilitation and solving that particular problem. When something is transparent, then they all feel the benefits of the activity (so-called. Glass pocket).

Role of Institution in low carbon tourism development The role of the Ministry of Tourism is writing laws, licensing, issuing approvals, guidance, categorizing tourist capacities, etc.

Awareness on end-users’/tourists’ as well as on tourism services providers needs and requirements regarding implementation of the low carbon tourism in Montenegro They are indirectly aware and get information from the NTO. There is no marketing strategy for the entire tourist offer of Montenegro, which will include, among other things, and ecological tourism. A significant increase of tourists is recorded in the national parks which bear lack of accommodation capacity, and which could contribute to the realization of the Strategy of balanced regional development.

Note: Waste disposal should be organized once a week in the rural areas. There is no Law on communal activities because it is in the procedure for 3 years.

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Ministry of Sustainable Development and Tourism – Directorate of Environment and Climate Change Podgorica, June 22, 2015

Analysis of the awareness level, general knowledge and preferences on certain issues

Influence of climate changes, carbon offset and carbon footprint on tourism in Montenegro Montenegro is small country, with quite few industrial facilities, and therefore there is no significant carbon footprint and environmental influence. When it is about tourism, increased population at the coastal area during the tourist season records negative influence on the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare local population on the climate changes, such as heat wave, forest fires caused by extremely high air temperatures, etc. Adapting coastal area on in-coming climate changes is necessary also because the population in this area is increased significantly during the summer season. Some national institutions (e.g. Institute for Public Health) already initiated raising awareness campaign on potential climate change influences. One of proves of climate changes is the winter tourism slowdown in Montenegro last years due to the obvious lack of snow, which is direct consequence of climate changes.

Preconditions for integration of low carbon tourism concept in strategic and legislative system in Montenegro and possibilities to implement this concept The regulatory system in this area is defined, but it needs to be further enhanced and rapidly adapted and harmonized with the EU. Most has been achieved in the field of energy efficiency, “smart building”, which is not the case in the field of renewable energy. Montenegro possess largely available resources for the use of renewable energy sources, which are not used enough, and there are certain administrative barriers, particularly in the application of renewable energy sources. The introduction of environmental taxes and other repressive measures could affect to some extent the concept is applicable, but it is not a sustainable solution, especially considering the available budget and revenues from tourism.

Benefits of establishing a National Climate Touristic Fund or some other finance mechanisms to support low carbon tourism The establishment of the National Climate Touristic Fund would be a complex process, especially bearing in mind that there is an intention for establishing a fund for environmental protection in 2008 and that faced a number of obstacles. The most effective mechanism for financing projects in this area would be through public-private partnerships.

Benefits of voluntary/carbon offset schemes and integration in to Montenegro tourism related booking systems from transport, accommodation The Montenegrin economy and its impact on pollution are not at significant level. The introduction of such compensatory schemes for pollutants does not apply, but only the national airline company Montenegro Airlines is obligatory included in the “EU Emissions Trading System”. However, it is planned to introduce a similar program in Montenegro for some companies that are recognized as the biggest polluters: Power Plant , Niksic Steelworks, KAP and Niksic Brewery eventually. In Montenegro, is also in the application of the Law on liability for damage, which refers to this area and so far has proven to be applicable.

Eco-certification standards and preferences towards future promotion and larger integration of these standards in everyday activities Most present in Montenegro in all branches of economic activity is certainly the introduction of ISO standards or standards in financial reporting. However, even these areas are not regulated and systematized in Montenegro. In tourism, the most important certificates and standards are those defined by the national institutions - the Ministry of Tourism and National Tourism Organization, namely the "Blue Flag" and the like.

Availability of low/no carbon tourist products and services in Montenegro There is a possibility of offering low/no carbon products and services to tourists with cross-sectoral projects, and common project related to tourism, environmental protection, agriculture, the economy in general and the like.

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Incentives for industry ‘champions’ to promote climate change-tourism responses through knowledge exchange and education and/or the “polluter pays” concept Limited state budget does not provide incentives, but advocates proper guidance from the level of government and administration. Therefore, in the case of individual projects, instead of incentives which require significant resources and investments, which would later be repaid and brought earnings, applies the introduction of proper guidelines, defining the level and type of initial investments and the like.

Awareness of the institution staff on the concept of sustainable and eco-tourism, especially those in direct contact with tourists and / or representatives of the tourism sector In Montenegro, there is an evident connection between tourism and environmental protection, which is particularly reflected in the fact that these two areas are under the same ministry. Education is always necessary, especially when it comes to modern technology, exchange of experiences and the like.

Possibility and capacities for implementation of low carbon tourism

Decision making processes and response mechanisms to the tourism sector demands National policy in tourism is predominantly related to fostering and promoting eco-tourism projects.

The extent to which legal frameworks on eco-tourism are sympathetically interpreted or simply applied without flexibility There is an example of construction on the coast with conducted analysis because it was previously agreed that the Montenegrin coast is overbuilt, but when you look at the numbers and make a comparative analysis, it is concluded that the coastal area is properly, even poorly constructed. Through this example, it is stated that not only the legal, but primarily strategic development framework, goes to eco-tourism.

Systems of monitoring and enforcing existing laws aimed at greening the tourism industry The monitoring system has been established and it works. However, in Montenegro there are only 7 environmental inspectors doing their job effectively, as far as possible. Concretely in tourism, the most claims relates to the noise produced by commercial entities during the season. However, it is not a constant noise that jeopardizes the plant and / or animals and human health, and therefore the noise control is in the jurisdiction of the municipal police.

How the existing systems of financial penalties work and if the funds collected are used in specific ways towards greening the industry N/A

Role of Institution in low carbon tourism development (e.g. advocacy, public consultations, expertise, monitoring, current or planned incentives in tourism) The goal is to move toward sustainable development. We do not deal specifically with the development of eco- tourism, but through cooperation with international institutions we also recruiting tourists. Strategic, planning and other documents certainly anticipate a strong promotion and incentives for the development of ecological concepts, as well as in tourism and in other areas.

Awareness on end-users’/tourists’ as well as on tourism services providers needs and requirements regarding implementation of the low carbon tourism in Montenegro N/A

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

The Ministry of Transport and Maritime Affairs - Directorate for Road Traffic Podgorica, June 23, 2015

Analysis of the level of awareness, general knowledge and preferences of specific issues

The impact of climate change, particularly CO2 and other harmful gases to the tourism in Montenegro Our tourists do not care about it. They are not ecologically conscious. The Montenegrin government, however, has recognized this as a problem and is already prepared certain strategic documents, as well as some of the impact assessment. Generally, tourists who visit Montenegro do not choose a destination according to how it is ecological or not. Tourism is therefore not sufficiently connected with sustainable development and ecological principles. Opinion is also that Montenegro and is not been recognized as polluted tourist destination.

Preconditions for integration of low carbon tourism concept in strategic and legislative system in Montenegro The government is working on it – and we made the adequate strategic framework. However, implementation will be long-term or at least medium. The Department of Transport contributed by introducing the obligation to use fuel 5 instead of current EURO 3 standard (standard for imported used vehicles in Montenegro) on the basis of EU standards. Introduction of those standards without proper support will be challenge, but possible.

Benefits of establishing a National Climate Touristic Fund and finance mechanisms to support low carbon tourism This initiative could be very important in future period, considering incentives in order to adopt mentioned higher ecological standards in different fields. However, remains the question of funding ways for this kind of initiative. According to my opinion all relevant stakeholders should be involved, such as relevant ministry, national tourism organization, institutions on local level, and also part of the funds from the existing and possible new taxes could be the part of this type of fund. Each carrier would take part in a project if they had the financial, and development benefits. The Fund should certainly be set up and would be benefit from it. Very good example can be found even in region, where similar initiatives have already been implemented. For example in Croatia, where state created incentives (grants) for traffic companies willing to change old vehicles with new, more ecological vehicles. The grants for this initiative have been used from the fund similar to this initiative.

Benefits of voluntary/carbon offset schemes and integration in to Montenegro tourism related booking systems from transport, accommodation It is a good idea, but it is hard to expect that the companies are ecologically conscious in order to implement those measures by their own initiative. If legally imposed, there would not be resistance, and this model could be possible in Montenegro.

Eco-certification standards and their preferences towards future activities in promotion and larger integration of these standards in everyday activities Country needs with certification and standardization to impose everyone to doing business on ecological way and thus be best implemented certain processes, because no one change the way of working on own initiative. For the transport is particularly desirable. With the certification carriers would more attract customers and thus benefit. Also, the state could and through incentives motivate them to work according to environmental standards. On the other hand, entrepreneurs in the field of transport are not ecologically conscious and only in a bid for greater profit would eventually change the way of working. Similarly, the citizens of Montenegro do not choose the means of transport or carrier, according to its environmental responsibility.

Availability of low/no carbon tourist products and services in Montenegro There are opportunities, but the state should first organize strong media campaign (like other important state promotional campaigns), in order to promote currently available low carbon tourism offers, and educate the public about this concept. Current offer in eco-tourism is widespread, and the state should connect and promote it. There are types of offers existing, such as eco villages, gastronomical eco-offer, etc.

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Act as industry ‘champions’ in promoting climate change-tourism responses through knowledge exchange and education The concept of "polluter pays" is better and is recognized but not fully implemented. Certainly, branch "champions" should participate in the promotion, but in Montenegro has not recognized any company that is enough and in the right way socially and environmentally responsible on its own initiative, only for exchanges by some additional profit. The state should be there to work with and supportive of repressive measures.

Awareness of employees in the institution with the concept of sustainable and eco-tourism, especially those which are in direct contact with tourists and / or representatives of the tourism sector; Education in this direction - the experience, funding, plans They participate in all activities related to tourism and sustainable development in cooperation with other ministries in these areas to educate and promote the strategic guidelines for the development of tourism. However, education in this regard is not recognized sufficiently to accelerate the implementation of the strategic guidelines. Basically, obligations and recommendations of the EU are following, but that could be also wider and more comprehensive.

Possibility and capacities for implementation of low carbon tourism

Decision making processes and response mechanisms to the tourism sector demands (example for low carbon tourism) If the requirements of a significant number of tourists related to the implementation of eco-tourism, would not be a big problem to get answered on demands, as the strategic framework exists at the state level. In accordance with this the state could initiate entrepreneurs in the tourism industry to adapt it. Ministry should also (and according to my knowledge they are already doing it) promote this type of tourism offer, such as hiking, biking, eco villages, eco food, etc.

The extent to which legal frameworks are sympathetically interpreted or simply applied without flexibility The legal framework is adequately defined, but the problem is in the implementation, and in educational campaign toward citizens and tourists in this field. The problem with promotional campaigns is that there are a lot of small campaigns with no major influence, so the state should create one large campaign in this field. Not many countries have possibilities to implement this concept, and we have, so the state should be dedicated to future development of this type of tourism offer.

Systems for and perceptions of success in monitoring and enforcing existing laws aimed at greening the tourism industry This is the question for ecological and other inspections. However, according to my opinion, the current inspection system works in the way – if somebody reports some problem, inspection goes on field. In order to make this system more efficient, inspection should be more self-initiated, and act to prevent problems.

How the existing systems of financial penalties work and if the funds collected are used in specific ways towards greening the industry N/A. This fines system is not working properly, and the legislation should be checked in order to be aware with the fines possibilities. According to my knowledge, financial fines are present in Montenegro, but any kind of alternative fines are not present. Also, part of the fines from financial fines should be used for national ecological fund, which does currently not exist in Montenegro.

Role of Institution in low carbon tourism development (e.g. advocacy, public consultations, expertise, monitoring) The role of the Ministry of transport is definitely in terms of proposing the renewal of the vehicle. Incentives for this already exists because for registration of new vehicles are lower fees. One of suggestion would be that in some cities introduce the ecological zone where if someone wants to entry by car must paid fees and the like. Incentives to

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015. redirect rail to road transport. It worked on the inclusion of electric vehicles in , but they soon emerged a number of obstacles in the implementation of the project.

Awareness on end-users’/tourists’ as well as on tourism services providers needs and requirements regarding implementation of the low carbon tourism in Montenegro We are familiar with the needs of tourists through annual reports on research among tourists done by the Ministry of sustainable development and tourism and presented to the . In the area of transport, tourists often complain of infrastructure and traffic, better connection between parts of the country, price of taxi services especially in the coastal region.

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Faculty of tourism Bar Bar, July 07, 2015

Analysis of the level of awareness, general knowledge and preferences of specific issues

The impact of climate change, particularly CO2 and other harmful gases to the tourism in Montenegro In Montenegro, there is no developed industry as the main polluter of the environment. The negative effect of traffic and mini industry is minor. During the tourist season an increase emissions of harmful gasses occurs, but in this case a negative impact on the environment is at a very low level.

Preconditions for integration of low carbon tourism concept in strategic and legislative system in Montenegro Although I'm not familiar precisely with legislation in this area in Montenegro, I believe that there are preconditions, legislation is largely aligned with EU directives, but the problem is implementation. It is necessary to further define the scope and criteria for achieving the level of ecological tourism.

Benefits of establishing a National Climate Touristic Fund and finance mechanisms to support low carbon tourism Good idea. The question is possibility of its implementation and would it be possible to provide money for such a fund. This idea is needed but the ways of making decisions should be defined and the selection of projects in the above areas which should be financed and what are the priorities. Potentially it would be good to take this initiative down to the local level.

Benefits of voluntary/carbon offset schemes and integration in to Montenegro tourism related booking systems from transport, accommodation Potentially, tourism service providers could have very great benefits. Tourists who visit Montenegro and the municipality of Bar are all environmentally more aware. In developed countries the tourists are willing to pay more for services with that sign, and I think that such case could be in Montenegro.

Eco-certification standards and their preferences towards future activities in promotion and larger integration of these standards in everyday activities Environmental standardization is greatly needed, and in different areas. It is important to define the criteria at the national level, and to educate in order to create possibilities for benefits of this process. The criteria and ways of achieving these criteria should be clearly defined by the government in the framework of existing laws and regulations and supporting documents, as well as the strategic framework for the development of this concept. Bearing in mind the strategic orientation of Montenegro as an ecological state, the process of eco-certification should be more present and developed.

Availability of low/no carbon tourist products and services in Montenegro In the coastal region of Montenegro unfortunately those services and products are undeveloped and offer is very small. We should work on the development of tourism, which will slowly approach the level of eco-tourism without the influence of harmful gases, and it will be a long process. In the North of Montenegro on the other hand the possibilities are great, and I think that in this region of Montenegro eco-tourism offer is developed, with the tendency of further development.

Act as industry ‘champions’ in promoting climate change-tourism responses through knowledge exchange and education Their encouragement and practices may constitute a very good incentive for others. In Montenegro, as in most countries of the are the best examples from practice, and thus the potential to influence the others to apply the same concept. However, the question is how many branch leaders who properly implement part of these measures could be promoted. In the municipality of Bar there are very few such companies and practices.

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Awareness of employees in the institution with the concept of sustainable and eco-tourism, especially those which are in direct contact with tourists and / or representatives of the tourism sector; Education in this direction - the experience, funding, plans Bearing in mind that we are an educational institution in the area of tourism, it is our obligation to be familiar with this concept. At the undergraduate level, we have a special subject eco-tourism, but through several subjects this concept is processed and on primary and specialized studies. On the other hand, on master and doctoral studies eco- tourism is separate subject. We believe that the education of all segments of society is very much needed, especially through the cooperation of all actors in society. This primarily refers on national and local authorities, public and private colleges, the business sector, civil society, etc.

Possibility and capacities for implementation of low carbon tourism

Decision making processes and response mechanisms to the tourism sector demands (example for low carbon tourism) N/A

The extent to which legal frameworks are sympathetically interpreted or simply applied without flexibility I'm not familiar precisely with the legislation, but I think that legislation is aligned with EU directives, but the problem is its implementation.

Systems for and perceptions of success in monitoring and enforcing existing laws aimed at greening the tourism industry I'm not familiar precisely with the legislation system, but I think that the implementation of the laws is on low level.

How the existing systems of financial penalties work and if the funds collected are used in specific ways towards greening the industry Both the law enforcement and penalty system are not functional.

Role of Institution in low carbon tourism development (e.g. advocacy, public consultations, expertise, monitoring) Our institution works with a large number of institutions operating in the field of tourism in Montenegro. We worked a number of projects in the previous period. Part of the activities of these projects was related to training and carrying out different types of research. As before, in the future we plan to continue work on the implementation of projects, primarily through funds from different donors. Part of the activities of these projects will relate to the eco- tourism concept.

Awareness on end-users’/tourists’ as well as on tourism services providers needs and requirements regarding implementation of the low carbon tourism in Montenegro N/A

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Faculty of Tourism and Hotel Management in Kotor Kotor, July 07, 2015

Analysis of the level of awareness, general knowledge and preferences of specific issues

The impact of climate change, particularly CO2 and other harmful gases to the tourism in Montenegro In Montenegro, there is no developed industry as the main polluter of the environment. The negative effect of traffic and mini industry is minor. During the tourist season an increase emissions of harmful gasses occurs, but in this case a negative impact on the environment is at a very low level.

Preconditions for integration of low carbon tourism concept in strategic and legislative system in Montenegro Although I'm not familiar precisely with legislation in this area in Montenegro, I believe that there are preconditions, legislation is largely aligned with EU directives, but the problem is implementation. It is necessary to further define the scope and criteria for achieving the level of ecological tourism.

Benefits of establishing a National Climate Touristic Fund and finance mechanisms to support low carbon tourism Good idea. The question is possibility of its implementation and would it be possible to provide money for such a fund. This idea is needed but the ways of making decisions should be defined and the selection of projects in the above areas which should be financed and what are the priorities. Potentially it would be good to take this initiative down to the local level.

Benefits of voluntary/carbon offset schemes and integration in to Montenegro tourism related booking systems from transport, accommodation Potentially, tourism service providers could have very great benefits. Tourists who visit Montenegro and the municipality of Kotor are all environmentally more aware. In developed countries the tourists are willing to pay more for services with that sign, and I think that such a case could be in Montenegro. In municipality of Kotor, tourists are coming from specific markets such as Japan, Western European countries, etc., and are environmentally aware, and paying attention to environmentally positive activities.

Eco-certification standards and their preferences towards future activities in promotion and larger integration of these standards in everyday activities Environmental standardization is greatly needed, and in different areas, especially in areas of accommodation, food and transport. It is important to define the criteria by the government, and to educate in order to create possibilities for benefits of this process. The criteria and ways of achieving these criteria should be clearly defined by the state in the framework of existing laws and regulations and supporting documents. Organic food products should be more present in tourism sector, as additional offer to eco tourism.

Availability of low/no carbon tourist products and services in Montenegro In the coastal region of Montenegro unfortunately those services and products are. We should work on the development of tourism, especially in the North of Montenegro and in back villages of coastal region of Montenegro. Those areas have huge potentials for development of this type of tourism offer. There are certain barriers for development of this offer such as lack of infrastructure and lack of funds, but with government’s help this problems could be easily overcome.

Act as industry ‘champions’ in promoting climate change-tourism responses through knowledge exchange and education Their encouragement and practices may constitute a very good incentive for others. The best examples are good examples from practice from our communities, and those examples could present the potential to influence the others to apply the same concept. However, the question is how many branch leaders who properly implement part

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015. of these measures could be promoted. In the municipality of Kotor there are very few such companies and practices. Most of the tourism companies in the municipality of Kotor are small or medium sized. Also, there are no large hotels.

Awareness of employees in the institution with the concept of sustainable and eco-tourism, especially those which are in direct contact with tourists and / or representatives of the tourism sector; Education in this direction - the experience, funding, plans Bearing in mind that we are an educational institution in the area of tourism, it is our obligation to be familiar with this concept. We do not have a special subject called ecotourism, but through several subjects this concept is processed on primary and specialist studies. We believe that the education of all segments of society is very much needed, especially through the cooperation of all actors in society. This primarily refers on state and local authorities, public and private colleges, the business sector, civil society.

Possibility and capacities for implementation of low carbon tourism

Decision making processes and response mechanisms to the tourism sector demands (example for low carbon tourism) N/A

The extent to which legal frameworks are sympathetically interpreted or simply applied without flexibility I'm not familiar precisely with the legislation, but I think that legislation is aligned with EU directives, but the problem is its implementation.

Systems for and perceptions of success in monitoring and enforcing existing laws aimed at greening the tourism industry I'm not familiar precisely with the legislation system, but I think that the implementation of the laws is on low level.

How the existing systems of financial penalties work and if the funds collected are used in specific ways towards greening the industry Both the law enforcement and penalty system are not functional.

Role of Institution in low carbon tourism development (e.g. advocacy, public consultations, expertise, monitoring) Our institution cooperates with all institutions operating in the field of tourism in Montenegro. First of all, the mandatory practice of our students during their studies, through joint projects with different institutions, etc. I would particularly point mandatory practice for our students as the best way of connecting the educational and business sectors, which provides a range of benefits to both students and representatives of the tourism industry. Also, I would emphasize that the practice is done at the level of entire Montenegro, depending on the place of residence of our students.

Awareness on end-users’/tourists’ as well as on tourism services providers needs and requirements regarding implementation of the low carbon tourism in Montenegro N/A

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

National Tourist Organization Podgorica, July 2, 2015

Analysis of the awareness level, general knowledge and preferences on certain issues:

Influence of climate changes, carbon offset and carbon footprint on tourism in Montenegro Given that we are tourist-oriented and ecologically committed state, certainly we should take care of the carbon emission, not only because of tourists, but also because of the citizens. Most harmful gases are emitted in traffic, with the focus on the season, when we have major increase of the vehicles in Montenegro. All other emitters present less negative impact to environment and nature.

Preconditions for integration of low carbon tourism concept in strategic and legislative system in Montenegro and possibilities to implement this concept (at the national and local level through e.g. taxes for endangering environment) N/A. This is question for the relevant Ministry. Our position goes more toward promotion of tourism.

Benefits of establishing a National Climate Touristic Fund or some other finance mechanisms to support low carbon tourism N/A

Benefits of voluntary/carbon offset schemes and integration in to Montenegro tourism related booking systems from transport, accommodation It would benefit for all parties, but there should be a sound will to apply it. As already said, considering increase of number of guests from European markets, this type of schemes could create benefits to tourism service providers, and especially considering increasing number of environmentally aware guest from mentioned markets.

Eco-certification standards and preferences towards future promotion and larger integration of these standards in everyday activities Efforts were made to enable a greater number of certified facilities and in cooperation with the Austrian auditor who has already certified three buildings (with the EU Eco-Label) on the coast. The intention is to together with the other relevant institutions accelerate standardization in the wider area of tourism. Certification is desirable for all tourism aspects, especially for small suppliers in tourism (eco-villages, etc.).

Availability of low/no carbon tourist products and services in Montenegro There are no significant opportunities for offering natural goods and services because what is offered to tourists, is actually prepared in the old-fashioned way, but not with the use of environmental standards in the preparation / production. Offer is not systematically defined with environmentally produced/prepared goods or services as such, but defined by the amateurs. Very few of those systematically take into account that their products or services are environmentally friendly. Only recently some individual entrepreneurs begun to use clear guidelines when forming their offers of nature friendly products or services, and such guidelines do exist.

Incentives for industry ‘champions’ to promote climate change-tourism responses through knowledge exchange and education and/or the “polluter pays” concept It is not quite certain that the branch "champions" would be motivated to promote their best practices, and it is also not certain that this would have a significant positive effect on others. We have examples that branch leaders in Montenegro are promoting their best practices and benefits those companies have from implementation of those activities, but it is question how strong influence this promotion has on other tourism service providers. According to my opinion this influence is minor.

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Awareness of the institution staff on the concept of sustainable and eco-tourism, especially those in direct contact with tourists and / or representatives of the tourism sector; Education in this area - the experience, funding, plans Almost all the employees of the NTO are familiar and informed about ecological tourism and the concept of sustainable development, but there is always a need for additional training. There have been specific training programs at the international level attended regularly by the NTO.

Possibility and capacities for implementation of low carbon tourism

Decision making processes and response mechanisms to the tourism sector demands (example for low carbon tourism – if it would be request of significant number of tourists) N/A

The extent to which legal frameworks on eco-tourism are sympathetically interpreted or simply applied without flexibility Ministry of Sustainable Development and Tourism has defined the guidelines for ecological products and services and it is authorized to its implementation and control, while the role of the NTO is to refer interested parties to these guidelines. In cooperation with GIZ a guide to some segments of eco-tourism was prepared.

Systems of monitoring and enforcing existing laws aimed at greening the tourism industry Ecological laws are good, but the problem is in the implementation and enforcing. Ecological inspectors act on call, after reporting, while there is no preventive action. The inspections’ action after call is not completed as there were no penalties for serious environmental degradation.

How the existing systems of financial penalties work and if the funds collected are used in specific ways towards greening the industry The system of financial penalties does not work or works poorly.

Role of Institution in low carbon tourism development (e.g. advocacy, public consultations, expertise, monitoring, current or planned incentives in tourism) NTO is fully oriented towards the promotion and advocacy of each tourism type, especially eco-tourism. Constantly are trying also to connect an offer from various regions (north and south).

Awareness on end-users’/tourists’ as well as on tourism services providers needs and requirements regarding implementation of the low carbon tourism in Montenegro They are very familiar with demand of tourists by their country of origin as regularly conduct "Guest Survey" research.

Note (applicable for most interviewed): There is a huge problem of illegal dumps of solid waste that highlighted all interviewed. Utility companies are authorized to intervene, but there are issues of locations outside the urban core, where the communal waste could be disposed (and sort & recycle), etc. Law on Communal Activities is already several years in the procedure, which is a huge interruption in the further development of tourism in Montenegro.

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Port of Kotor Kotor, July 07, 2015 Podgorica, July 08, 2015

Analysis of the awareness level, general knowledge and preferences on certain issues

Influence of climate changes, carbon offset and carbon footprint on tourism in Montenegro Responses and interview are related to the cruise tourism, given the institution represented. We will look at several aspects that cruise ships may have on the environment in the . Cruisers are very modern ships with a closed system related to waste, sewage, etc. This system works on the way that if there are any spills or problems of any kind, there is alarm that must be noted. In the previous period it was not recorded a single similar case. Also, every cruise ship must have certificate of waste disposal, no matter in which port waste is disposed. From this certificate we can easily conclude if everything is in accordance with standards (we can see the amount of disposed waste and compare it to the number of tourists, date of disposal, etc.). On the other hand, cruise ships have a contemporary generation of engines that use light oil with lower sulfur content, as well as modern systems related to filter emissions. Port of Kotor and the municipality of Kotor have not introduced specific standards when it comes to the permitted level of emissions of cruise ships, such as the Scandinavian countries have done. This system has also been introduced in the Caribbean, involves the installation of special devices, which filter exhaust fumes and soot generated from combustion of oil, and disposed of by-products and in a special tank that is emptied after a certain time in the special conditions. Therefore, to sum up, cruisers are not so important environmental pollutants in the Bay of Kotor. On the other hand, a larger problem are the smaller vessels, especially yachts, which do not have such strict standards, with the range of motion in the Bay much higher, and that have closed systems like cruise ships. Also, bearing in mind that in the Bay and generally in Montenegro there is no industry, I believe that carbon dioxide emissions are not so significant. A special emphasis should still be given to the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions in the area of road transport.

Preconditions for integration of low carbon tourism concept in strategic and legislative system in Montenegro and possibilities to implement this concept (at the national and local level through e.g. taxes for endangering environment) In the cruise tourism and business, we do not have these legal provisions, primarily because we are frightened of decline in the number of ships and tourists if introduce some new, stricter standards. That would definitely be a case in the first year, but a steady growth in the following years could be expected. As already stated, there are examples of good practice (Scandinavian countries, Caribbean), but it should be introduced. Currently, it is very difficult to introduce those standards. However, along with adequate planning, those standards could be introduced in the following years. According to my opinion, it would be good to introduce those standards, even though, as I already stated, cruise ships are not creating major negative influence in the Bay of Kotor.

Benefits of establishing a National Climate Touristic Fund and finance mechanisms to support low carbon tourism This represents a very good idea. As the first step, relevant cost-benefit analysis for the Fund should be realized. There are also several questions to be defined prior to this process, such as possible funding mechanisms for such a Fund, who is going to manage Fund, in which way, what are the possible benefits of this Fund on local and national level, etc. This idea is special topic, and requests further and depth analysis.

Benefits of voluntary/carbon offset schemes and integration in to Montenegro tourism related booking systems from transport, accommodation A very good example related indirectly to this topic is practice applied in developed Western European countries, and especially in Scandinavian countries, where ports are offering to cruise ships disposal of waste for free of charge. There are several benefits of this initiative and one of the most important is ports’ promotion in booking systems and in promotional events as green ports, in accordance with our ecological state. Another benefit would be prevention

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015. of any possible pollution accidents, and, having in mind type and quantity of waste, we could recycle those materials in order to reimburse the expenses of complimentary waste disposal. Municipality of Kotor is currently offering waste disposal for the cruise ships, in accordance with defined price.

Eco-certification standards and their preferences towards future activities in promotion and larger integration of these standards in everyday activities As stated, ecological standardization is necessary and desirable. Although, it could decrease number of cruise ships coming to Port of Kotor for the first year, an increase in the further years could be expected. Having in mind opening of the market, and the fact that our port is booked for the following 2 years, the decrease is something we should not worry about.

Availability of low/no carbon tourist products and services in Montenegro There are great possibilities, and we should make the brands of our products such as in the field of national parks, historical centers, Skadar Lake, the confluence of Bojana River, gastronomical brands, etc. A link between these destinations and people who arrive by cruisers in the Port of Kotor should be created. In this way, several fields related to tourism should be developed, such as transport, different tourism offers, etc. In this way, providing possibilities for longer stay of tourists and cruise ships in the Port of Kotor for future period should be organized.

Incentives for industry ‘leaders’ to promote climate change-tourism responses through knowledge exchange and education and/or the “polluter pays” concept All the major companies in the world with their examples show how this topic is vital on the global, but also on the local level. The example that major cruise companies have introduced CO2 filter standards worth over 1 million EUR per cruise ship, confirms this claim.

Awareness of the institution staff on the concept of sustainable and eco-tourism, especially those in direct contact with tourists and / or representatives of the tourism sector; Education in this area - the experience, funding, plans Education and awareness-raising is necessary. Especially for the institutions that are in direct contact with tourists. The decision makers in this field should also be additionally educated, in order to be familiar with best practices from different countries, having in mind that Montenegro is a small country, much of already applied mechanisms in other more developed countries could be implemented.

Possibility and capacities for implementation of low carbon tourism

Decision making processes and response mechanisms to the tourism sector demands (example for low carbon tourism – if it would be request of significant number of tourists) The centralized system brings a lot of problems, and it is very difficult in this way to meet the demands of the market. So, decentralization of the system is required to appropriately respond to market demands in several aspects. This type of decision making is not providing possibilities to respond to market requests and demands. In this type of business it is essentially important to react very promptly to the market demand in order not to lose market and guests, and this system is currently not providing possibilities to do so in the area of cruise business, tourism, and other fields. In this type of system, we need permissions from central governments, that is usually long term and bureaucratic process.

The extent to which legal frameworks are sympathetically interpreted or simply applied without flexibility Although not in details familiar with the legislation, my opinion is that there is much room for improvement of the existing regulations. There is not adequate legislation and regulations in this filed in Montenegro, especially comparing to other countries, and in this section there is a great space for improvement.

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.

Systems of monitoring and enforcing existing laws aimed at greening the tourism industry The controlling system is poorly set and is functioning very poorly. Although not in details familiar with this matter, there is also a great space for improvement.

How the existing systems of financial penalties work and if the funds collected are used in specific ways towards greening the industry As well as the controlling system, the system of penalties is functioning very poorly. The part of the jurisdiction of the controlling system should be entrusted to local governments. Communal police is the only local supervisory authority, but the environmental problems are not its jurisdiction.

Role of Institution in low carbon tourism development (e.g. advocacy, public consultations, expertise, monitoring, current or planned incentives in tourism) Port of Kotor is making an effort to respond to market demands and to introduce some best practices in its work. However, given the context in which it operates, it is hardly feasible. From concrete projects which are directly and indirectly related to this concept, the plan is to implement the project of installation of sensors for testing the quality and pollution of water in the Port of Kotor and Bay of Kotor, with the aim of further monitoring of the status and impact of small and large vessels to the water quality level. As presented, also is suggested the project of complimentary waste collection in the Port of Kotor, introduction of new taxes and new and stricter eco standards.

Awareness on end-users’/tourists’ as well as on tourism services providers needs and requirements regarding implementation of the low carbon tourism in Montenegro Awareness on the tourists needs is not sufficient. A different way to set the guests coming and Kotor and respond to their needs is needed. At first it should be avoid forcing tourists to go out from the ships through border and customs control, but those services should be done directly on ships, as it is done in most other ports.

______“Survey on Low Carbon Tourism in Montenegro”, 2015.