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Simultaneous Analysis of Hadith Quality About Salām Eliminating the Feeling of Oppression in the Book of Ḍaīf Adāb Al-Mufrād by Muhammad Naṣhīruddīn Al-Albānī

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Simultaneous Analysis of Hadith Quality About Salām Eliminating the Feeling of Oppression in the Book of Ḍaīf Adāb Al-Mufrād by Muhammad Naṣhīruddīn Al-Albānī Vol. 3 No.2, Juli-Desember 2020 E-ISSN 2622-7606, P-ISSN 2622-7606 https://journal.iainlangsa.ac.id/index. php/bukhari/index SIMULTANEOUS ANALYSIS OF HADITH QUALITY ABOUT SALĀM ELIMINATING THE FEELING OF OPPRESSION IN THE BOOK OF ḌAĪF ADĀB AL-MUFRĀD BY MUHAMMAD NAṢHĪRUDDĪN AL-ALBĀNĪ Indhra Musthofa, Dian Mohammad Hakim Islamic Education Study Program, Faculty of Islamic Religion University of Islam Malang. Jl. Mayjen Haryono 193 Malang 65144, Jawa Timur, Indonesia Email: [email protected] , [email protected] Email: [email protected] DOI: 10.32505/al-bukhari.v3i2.1435 Submitted: 2020-02-12| Revised: 2020/09/03| Accepted: 2020/09/23 Abstract The second source of Islamic values after Qur'an was hadith. Hadith was a credible source to explain the Qur'an which was still global. But in choosing a credible hadith to be used as a source of reference, must go through many stages, one of which is the quality of hadith. The quality of the hadith was a major consideration in an Islamic source. A hadith narrator named who in certain works has the quality of authentic traditions, but in other works he was judged to be ḍaīf by other scholars' hadiths. The article will discuss about the hadith about the greetings of al-Bukhārī in the book Adāb al-Mufrād which was judged to ḍaīf be by Naṣhīruddīn al-Albānī through criticizing his hadith in the Ḍaīf Adāb al-Mufrād book. This article tries to review the criticisms made by al-Albānī with the hadith research method simultaneously. Criticism of hadith that will be carried out has a specificity in assessing the quality of a hadith, because it was not only through criticism of matan and sanad, but also considers understanding in a hadith. So, this article will find the degree of a hadith which was discussed by considering the compatibility and meaning of a hadith. Keywords: Hadith, Simultaneous, Greetings Abstrak Sumber nilai ajaran Islam kedua setelah Al-Qur‟an adalah hadis. Hadis menjadi sumber kredibel sebagai penjelas Al-Qur‟an yang masih bersifat global. Tetapi dalam memilih suatu hadis yang kredibel untuk dijadikan sumber rujukan, harus melalui banyak tahap, salah satunya adalah hadis harus berkualitas. Kualitas hadis merupakan pertimbangan utama dalam sebuah sumber Islam. al-Bukhārī dikenal dengan periwayat hadis yang dalam karya terentu memiliki kualitas hadis yang ṣaḥīḥ, tetapi dalam karya lain dinilai ḍaīf oleh ulama‟ hadis lain. Artikel ini akan membahas tentang hadis tentang Salam riwayat al-Bukhārī dalam kitab Adāb al-Mufrād yang dinilai ḍaīf oleh Naṣhīruddīn al-Albānī melalui kritik hadisnya dalam kitab Ḍaīf Adāb al-Mufrād. Artikel ini mencoba meninjau ulang kritik yang dilakukan oleh al-Albānī dengan metode penelitian hadis secara simultan. Kritik hadis yang akan dilakukan ini memiliki kekhasan dalam menilai kualitas suatu hadis, karena tidak hanya melalui kritik matan dan sanad saja, tetapi juga mempertimbangkan pemahaman dalam suatu hadis. Sehingga, dalam artikel ini akan ditemukan derajat suatu hadis yang dibahas dengan mempertimbangkan kecocokan dan makna suatu hadis. Kata Kunci: Hadis, Simultan, Salam 233 SIMULTANEOUS ANALYSIS OF HADITH QUALITY ABOUT GREETINGS ELIMINATING AN ENEMY IN THE BOOK OF ḌAĪF ADĀB AL-MUFRĀD BY MUHAMMAD NAṢHĪRUDDĪN AL-ALBĀNĪ Introduction conditions relate to matan.4 The hadith Hadith is the second source of Islam research often carried out only at the level after The Quran. This is because hadith as of the quality of the narration, in terms of bayān of the verses of the Quran which still honesty and ḍabit of narrator. There is no has global meaning, general and infinite in further research on the continuity of sanad, meaning. In fact, in certain circumstances, and the quality of matan, even the hadith Hadith can be a basis for legal provisions of research is still from one of the sanad certain law that have not been explicitly routes. Whereas theoretically, research on a discussed in the Quran.1 The understanding hadith must be carried out on all other of a hadith is always interesting to discuss sanad lines that are of the same theme with among many people, both from internal the hadith being studied, which may have a circles of muslim and from outside circles function as amplification of the hadith of Islam. It is proven that until now the being studied.5 hadith study regarding criticism of the Muhammad Naṣhīruddīn al-Albānī authenticity of hadith, as well as the method scientific correction of Imām al-Bukhārī's of understanding hadith, is still developing.2 work, states that not a few in the book “” Theoretically, the meaning of hadiths which isnad is ḍaīf.6 From the point hadiths ṣaḥīḥ according to hadith scholars is of view, this effort needs to get highest a hadith that is narrated by an honest appreciation. Through his research al- person, has a strong memory (dabit), which Albānī wrote Ṣaḥīḥ Adāb al-Mufrād lil al- is sanad continuous, the matan is not syaz Imām al-Bukhārī and Ḍaīf Adāb al-Mufrād 3 and not muallal. Three conditions of the al-Imām al-Bukhārī . However, when we first term relate to sanad and the next two return to the theoretical aspect of the definition of Ṣaḥīḥ hadith7, al-Albānī 1Said Agil Husain Munawwar, Abdul 4Quraish shihab, Membumikan al-Qur‟an, Mustaqim, Asbabul Wurud, Studi Kritis Hadis Nabi, (Bandung: Mizan, 1982). P. 130 Pendekatan Sosio Historis Kontekstual, 5Damanhuri, Hadis-hadis Al-Fitrah...p. iii 6 (Yokyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2001) p. 25 Muhammad Nashiruddin al-Ba>ni>, Ḍaīf Adāb al- 2Syuhudi Ismail, Hadis Nabi Menurut Pembela, Mufrād Koreksi Ilmiyah terhadap Karya Imam Pengingkar dan Pemalsunya (Jakarta: Gema Insani Bukhari, terj. (Jakarta: Pustaka Azzam, 2002). P. 25 Press, 1995), p. 14 7In Damanhuri, Hadis-hadis Al-Fitrah 3Damanhuri, Hadis-hadis Al-Fitrah dalam Penelitian Simultan. The definition of Sahih hadith Penelitian Simultan, (Sidoarjo: Dwiputra Pustaka according to the opinion given by the scholars of Jaya, 2016), p. iii hadith is a hadith narrated by an honest and dhabit 234 Indhra Musthofa Dian Mohammad Hakim research on the book Adāb al-Mufrād by research on sanad and matan. The title of Imām al-Bukhārī can be said to be the book al Bani, which collects the hadith incomplete because it is still in sanad of ḍaīf fil isnād, namely Ḍaīf Adāb al- research so that it produces the quality of Mufrād lil Imām al-Bukhārī also deserves the hadith ḍaīf al-isnad because it has not criticism. At a glance reading the title, the tested ghayr syaz and ghayr muallal. reader's understanding is constructed that in However, if the hadith research is carried the book Adāb al-Mufrād by Imām al- out based on all hadith components, namely Bukhārī there are many hadiths ḍaīf . This sanad and matan, quality of hadith hasan contradicts the view of the scholars that can be increased to ṣaḥīḥ ligayrihi quality, Imām al-Bukhārī has the most qualified ahad garib increases to ahād aziz, or ahad level of wisdom so that it becomes a mashur or mutawatir. reference for Ṣaḥīḥ and ḍaīf hadith. And in this research, the discussion This article will examine the hadith is the book Adāb al-Mufrād written by in the book of Ḍaīf al-Adāb al-Mufrād lil Imām al-Bukhārī which has been criticized al-Imām al-Bukhārī through a simultaneous by Muhammad Nashīruddīn al-Albānī in approach that raises the possibility that the the book Ḍaīf Adāb al-Mufrād lil Imām al- quality of the hadith can be increased. The Bukhārī. Sheikh al-Albānī focused his hadith that will be examined is the hadith research on sanad in the hadiths in the book about Greetings to Eliminate Enmity. The Al Adāb al-Mufrād lil Imām al-Bukhārī so hadith that will be examined is the hadith as to produce quality hadiths ṣaḥīḥ fil isnād about “It is not permissible for a person to and ḍaīf fil isnād which are divided into cut ties with his fellow Muslims for more two books, namely Ṣaḥīḥul al Adāb al- than three days”. Mufrād li Al Imām al-Bukhārī and Ḍaīf Adāb al-Mufrād li al Imām al-Bukhārī. But Hadith Research Methods Simultaneous theoretically Muhammad Naṣhīruddīn al- Approach Albānī's work can be considered 1. Through Partial Hadith Research incomplete, considering the quality a. Sanad Research requirements of authentic hadiths include The first step is to conduct a test of justice and the strength of memorization narrator which is inherently continuous, his eyes are hadith narrators (tsiqah). This is done in not syaz and are not muallal. Al-Bukhari: Jurnal Ilmu Hadis 235 Vol. 3 No. 2, Juli-Desember 2020 SIMULTANEOUS ANALYSIS OF HADITH QUALITY ABOUT GREETINGS ELIMINATING AN ENEMY IN THE BOOK OF ḌAĪF ADĀB AL-MUFRĀD BY MUHAMMAD NAṢHĪRUDDĪN AL-ALBĀNĪ order to find out the requirements of „adil theme which is considered to have higher and dabit in the narrator. Then the next step sanad quality9. to researching sanad is to test the continuity The fifth requirement of Ṣaḥīḥ of sanad. This is done in order to assess hadith is ghayru al-muallal. Examination of whether the hadith narrator's sanad the hadith's observance or not, is carried out continuity requirements are fulfilled or not. by confirming the hadith studied with the The next stage is the conclusion of argument of aqli, furthermore, conclusions the sanad study. The conclusions to be are made. The conclusion drawn is that the drawn should only concern sanad, shouldn't hadiths are Ṣaḥīḥ or not Ṣaḥīḥ (ḍaīf)10. conclude for example, this hadith is of c. Partial Research Conclusion authentic quality, because a conclusion like After doing sanad research and this is a jumping conclusion, because the matan research, the next step is to conclude requirements of ghayr syaz and ghayr one sanad (partial) research, which is muallal have not been fulfilled.
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