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THE PHILIPPINES, 1942-1944 James Kelly Morningstar, Doctor of History
ABSTRACT Title of Dissertation: WAR AND RESISTANCE: THE PHILIPPINES, 1942-1944 James Kelly Morningstar, Doctor of History, 2018 Dissertation directed by: Professor Jon T. Sumida, History Department What happened in the Philippine Islands between the surrender of Allied forces in May 1942 and MacArthur’s return in October 1944? Existing historiography is fragmentary and incomplete. Memoirs suffer from limited points of view and personal biases. No academic study has examined the Filipino resistance with a critical and interdisciplinary approach. No comprehensive narrative has yet captured the fighting by 260,000 guerrillas in 277 units across the archipelago. This dissertation begins with the political, economic, social and cultural history of Philippine guerrilla warfare. The diverse Islands connected only through kinship networks. The Americans reluctantly held the Islands against rising Japanese imperial interests and Filipino desires for independence and social justice. World War II revealed the inadequacy of MacArthur’s plans to defend the Islands. The General tepidly prepared for guerrilla operations while Filipinos spontaneously rose in armed resistance. After his departure, the chaotic mix of guerrilla groups were left on their own to battle the Japanese and each other. While guerrilla leaders vied for local power, several obtained radios to contact MacArthur and his headquarters sent submarine-delivered agents with supplies and radios that tie these groups into a united framework. MacArthur’s promise to return kept the resistance alive and dependent on the United States. The repercussions for social revolution would be fatal but the Filipinos’ shared sacrifice revitalized national consciousness and created a sense of deserved nationhood. The guerrillas played a key role in enabling MacArthur’s return. -
Irish Children's Literature and the Poetics of Memory, 1892-2016
Irish Children’s Literature and the Poetics of Memory, 1892-2016 A Thesis submitted to the School of English at the University of Dublin, Trinity College, for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy. February 2019 Rebecca Ann Long I declare that this thesis has not been submitted as an exercise for a degree at this or any other university and it is entirely my own work. I agree to deposit this thesis in the University’s open access institutional repository or allow the Library to do so on my behalf, subject to Irish Copyright Legislation and Trinity College Library conditions of use and acknowledgement. _________________________________ Rebecca Long February 2019 TABLE OF CONTENTS SUMMARY………………………………………………………………………………..i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS……………………………………………………………....iii INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………………………....4 CHAPTER ONE: RETRIEVING……………………………………………………………………………29 CHAPTER TWO: RE- TELLING……………………………………………………………………………...…64 CHAPTER THREE: REMEMBERING……………………………………………………………………....106 CHAPTER FOUR: RE- IMAGINING………………………………………………………………………........158 CONCLUSION…………………………………………………………………..……..210 WORKS CITED………………………….…………………………………………………….....226 Summary This thesis explores the recurring patterns of Irish mythological narratives that influence literature produced for children in Ireland following the Celtic Revival and into the twenty- first century. A selection of children’s books published between 1892 and 2016 are discussed with the aim of demonstrating the development of a pattern of retrieving, re-telling, remembering and re-imagining myths -
Satanic Ritual Calendar Difficult Dates Please Note That Not All Cults Observe All Holidays
Satanic Ritual Calendar Difficult Dates Please note that not all cults observe all holidays. Dates with significance to individual groups, like leaders&rsquo birthdays, may also be celebrated. Those groups that utilize numerology mark dates whose numbers add up to ‘‘power numbers’’ or dates with repeating numbers, such as October 10, 2010. More information on some of the major holidays is found at http://www.survivorship.org/resources/articles/holidays.html S = satanic N = nazi P = polytheistic (belief in and worship of more than one god) T = thelemic Ritual Calendar: 2012 January 1/1 S New Year's Day 1/5 P Shivaratri (night of Shiva creator/destroyer) 1/5 or 1/6 S Twelfth Night 1/6 P Dionysian Revels 1/6 P Kore gives birth/manifestation of divinity 1/6 S Epiphany 1/7 S St Winebalt's Day 1/9 S Full Moon 1/12 N Birth of both Rosenburg and Goering, Nazi leaders in WWII 1/13 S Satanic New Year 1/17 S Feast of Fools (Old Twelfth Night) /satanic and demon revels 1/18 S Old Epiphany 1/17 N Martin Luther King Day 1/18 - 1/22 P Dream Festival (Pleiades) 1/19 N (starts evening of 1/20) N Tu B'Shevat (Jewish celebration of spring) 1/20 S St. Agnes' Eve 1/23 S New Moon 1/26 S? Australia Day 1/30 N Hitler named Chancellor of Germany February 2/1 - 3 P Mysteries of Persephone 2/2 S Candlemas (Imbolc) 2/7 S Full Moon 2/12 S Lincoln's Birthday 2/14 S N Valentine's Day 2/14 S Fertility Rituals 2/15 P Lupercalia (she-wolf mother of Romulus and Remus: honoring of Pan) 2/21S? President's Day 2/ 21 - 2/22 P Feralia/Terminalia (Roman All Souls'/boundary day) 2/21 S New moon 2/21 or 2/22 S? Washington's Birthday 2/25 N Walpurgis Day March 3/1 S St. -
Celtic Egyptians: Isis Priests of the Lineage of Scota
Celtic Egyptians: Isis Priests of the Lineage of Scota Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers – the primary creative genius behind the famous British occult group, the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn – and his wife Moina Mathers established a mystery religion of Isis in fin-de-siècle Paris. Lawrence Durdin-Robertson, his wife Pamela, and his sister Olivia created the Fellowship of Isis in Ireland in the early 1970s. Although separated by over half a century, and not directly associated with each other, both groups have several characteristics in common. Each combined their worship of an ancient Egyptian goddess with an interest in the Celtic Revival; both claimed that their priestly lineages derived directly from the Egyptian queen Scota, mythical foundress of Ireland and Scotland; and both groups used dramatic ritual and theatrical events as avenues for the promulgation of their Isis cults. The Parisian Isis movement and the Fellowship of Isis were (and are) historically-inaccurate syncretic constructions that utilised the tradition of an Egyptian origin of the peoples of Scotland and Ireland to legitimise their founders’ claims of lineal descent from an ancient Egyptian priesthood. To explore this contention, this chapter begins with brief overviews of Isis in antiquity, her later appeal for Enlightenment Freemasons, and her subsequent adoption by the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn. It then explores the Parisian cult of Isis, its relationship to the Celtic Revival, the myth of the Egyptian queen Scota, and examines the establishment of the Fellowship of Isis. The Parisian mysteries of Isis and the Fellowship of Isis have largely been overlooked by critical scholarship to date; the use of the medieval myth of Scota by the founders of these groups has hitherto been left unexplored. -
The Founding of Ireland and Scotland
HOW IRELAND AND SCOTLAND WAS SETTLED A Jewish tribe left Egypt and settled in Ireland. They were called the Milesians and were the ruling class of Ireland. They evidently moved into Scotland and the throne of Ireland was moved under the reign of King Fergus. The Scotland lived in the mountain area of Scotland and were called the Scots. This article will proof that the Scotish people were a tribe of the Jews and they held the sceptre. The Jewish in Palestine did not have the sceptre after the captivity of Judah 500 B.C. Brief history of Ancient Ireland 1709 B.C. -The Parthalonnians are credited for being the first settlers of Ireland. The Parthalonians, whoever they may have been, ruled Ireland intermittently until 1709 BCE, when a tragedy befell them at the hands of Phoenician Formorians. 1492 B.C. – Nemedians were the Fir Bolgs. The island was then invaded by Nemedians from Scythia who lived in Ireland. The Nemedians were ruled by the Formorians for much of this period. A portion of the Nemedians escaped during their sojourn in the land and returned in 1492 BC as the Fir- Bolgs. The FirBlogs were later given as a place of settlement the Aran Islands under a King named Aengus. Formanians settled on another island. 1456 B.C -.DAN IN NORTH IRELAND Tuatha De Danaan settled Northern Ireland. The immigration of Dan to Ireland came in waves. A contingent of the famous Tuatha de Danaan (“Tribe of Dan”) arrived in Ireland 1456 B.C. and ruled for 440 years until 1016 BCE. -
ON LEBOR GABALA. I. the Text
ON LEBOR GABALA. I. The text. § 1. The manuscripts. The text commonly known as Lebor Gabala or the Book of Invasions, has come down to us in several MSS. which, apart from the Latin relation given by Nennius in his Historia Brittomim, all belong either to the Middle-Irish or the Early Modern-Irish period. The various MSS. may be reduced to four versions, the mutual relations of which I shall endeavour to establish. The versions will be distinguished as follows: A. Book of Leinster (LL) fol. la—26b; Book of Fermoy (F), p. 1 —16; B. Royal Irish Academy DVI (S)1); Royal Irish Academy DIV1 (S)1); Rawlinson B 512 (R), fol. 76 Av— 97v; Book of Lecan (Lee I), fol. 10r—22v; Royal Irish Academy DIV3 (s); C. Book of Ballymote (LB), p. 15a—51 a; Book of Lecan (Lee H), fol. 264r—302v; D. OOlery version. One copy is in the possession of Pro- fessor Kuno Meyer2), while the R.I. A. has two other MSS. in the handwriting of O'Clerys. *) See p. 99 for my reason for indicating these two MSS. by the same character. 2) I wish to express here my sincere thanks to Professor Meyer not only for the loan of this important MS., but also formany valuable hints and suggestions as well as for the general interest he has taken in my work. Zeitschrift f. celt. Philologie X. 7 Brought to you by | UCL - University College London Authenticated Download Date | 3/3/16 11:57 AM OS A. G. VAN HAMEL, § 2. -
Emindanao Library an Annotated Bibliography (Preliminary Edition)
eMindanao Library An Annotated Bibliography (Preliminary Edition) Published online by Center for Philippine Studies University of Hawai’i at Mānoa Honolulu, Hawaii July 25, 2014 TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface iii I. Articles/Books 1 II. Bibliographies 236 III. Videos/Images 240 IV. Websites 242 V. Others (Interviews/biographies/dictionaries) 248 PREFACE This project is part of eMindanao Library, an electronic, digitized collection of materials being established by the Center for Philippine Studies, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa. At present, this annotated bibliography is a work in progress envisioned to be published online in full, with its own internal search mechanism. The list is drawn from web-based resources, mostly articles and a few books that are available or published on the internet. Some of them are born-digital with no known analog equivalent. Later, the bibliography will include printed materials such as books and journal articles, and other textual materials, images and audio-visual items. eMindanao will play host as a depository of such materials in digital form in a dedicated website. Please note that some resources listed here may have links that are “broken” at the time users search for them online. They may have been discontinued for some reason, hence are not accessible any longer. Materials are broadly categorized into the following: Articles/Books Bibliographies Videos/Images Websites, and Others (Interviews/ Biographies/ Dictionaries) Updated: July 25, 2014 Notes: This annotated bibliography has been originally published at http://www.hawaii.edu/cps/emindanao.html, and re-posted at http://www.emindanao.com. All Rights Reserved. For comments and feedbacks, write to: Center for Philippine Studies University of Hawai’i at Mānoa 1890 East-West Road, Moore 416 Honolulu, Hawaii 96822 Email: [email protected] Phone: (808) 956-6086 Fax: (808) 956-2682 Suggested format for citation of this resource: Center for Philippine Studies, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa. -
The Filipino People Seethe with Anger and Discontent
May - August 2013 Released by KARAPATAN (Alliance for the Advancement of People’s Rights) he Filipino people seethe with anger and discontent. TThe protest actions that followed the exposé on the PhP10-billion pork barrel scam sent the Aquino government scampering for ways to dissipate the people’s anger, but only in ways that Benigno Simeon Aquino III and the bureaucrats in his government can continue to feast on the pork and drown themselves in pork fat. The people’s anger is not only directed at the 10 billion-peso scam but also against the corruption that goes on with impunity under BS Aquino, who ironically won under an anti-corruption slogan “kung walang kurap, walang mahirap”. The Aquino government could no longer pretend to be clean before the Filipino people. PINOY WEEKLY Neither can it boast of improving the poor people’s lives. The reluctance of Aquino and labor, the country remains allegedly had an encounter with an his allies to do away with the PhP25- backward; the ordinary wage undetermined number of New People’s billion congressional and the PhP earner on a daily Php 446.00 wage Army (NPA) members at Bandong 1.3 –PhP 1.5 trillion presidential plus the recent paltry increase of Hill, Aguid, Sagada province. pork barrel is obvious. BS Aquino’s PhP22 a day; the farmers remain On August 29, two M520 and Huey helicopters of the Philippine stake on the pork barrel is not only landless, the urban poor homeless. Air Force hovered around northern the stability of his rule but also the It is appalling that the BS Sagada and upland Bontoc areas the preservation of the same rotten Aquino-led bureaucrats in the whole day, while the Sagada PNP system that coddles him and his government rob the people, in the conducted foot patrol in the outskirts real bosses – the hacienderos, the guise of serving the people; the of Sagada. -
Chapter Four Celtic Spirituality
CHAPTER FOUR CELTIC SPIRITUALITY 4.1 Introduction The rediscovery of Celtic spirituality, particularly Celtic prayers and liturgical forms, has led to a popular movement, inter alia, among Anglicans around the world, including those in South Africa. Celtic spirituality has an attraction for both Christian and non-Christian, and often the less formal services are easier for secularized people, who have not been raised in a Christian environment, to accept. A number of alternative Christian communities wit h an accent on recovering Celtic spirituality have been established in recent years in the United Kingdom and in other parts of the world. The Northumbria Community, formed in 1976 (Raine & Skinner 1994: 440) is described as follows: The Community is clearly Christian, but with members from all kinds of Christian tradition, and some with no recognisable church background at all. We are married and single: some are unemployed, most are in secular jobs, some in full-time service which is specifically Christian, others are at home looking after families….Some of the most loyal friends of the Community are not yet committed Christians, but they are encouraged to participate as fully as they feel they can in our life. The Northumbria Community is one of several newly established communities with clear links to Celtic Spirituality. The near-universal appeal and flexibility reflected in the quotation above, is a feature of Celtic spirituality. For many in secularized Europe, the institutional church has lost its meaning, and traditional Christian symbols have no significance. Some of these people are now re-discovering Christianity through the vehicle of Celtic spirituality. -
Genre and Identity in British and Irish National Histories, 1541-1691
“NO ROOM IN HISTORY”: GENRE AND IDENTIY IN BRITISH AND IRISH NATIONAL HISTORIES, 1541-1691 A dissertation presented by Sarah Elizabeth Connell to The Department of English In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the field of English Northeastern University Boston, Massachusetts April 2014 1 “NO ROOM IN HISTORY”: GENRE AND IDENTIY IN BRITISH AND IRISH NATIONAL HISTORIES, 1541-1691 by Sarah Elizabeth Connell ABSTRACT OF DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in English in the College of Social Sciences and Humanities of Northeastern University April 2014 2 ABSTRACT In this project, I build on the scholarship that has challenged the historiographic revolution model to question the valorization of the early modern humanist narrative history’s sophistication and historiographic advancement in direct relation to its concerted efforts to shed the purportedly pious, credulous, and naïve materials and methods of medieval history. As I demonstrate, the methodologies available to early modern historians, many of which were developed by medieval chroniclers, were extraordinary flexible, able to meet a large number of scholarly and political needs. I argue that many early modern historians worked with medieval texts and genres not because they had yet to learn more sophisticated models for representing the past, but rather because one of the most effective ways that these writers dealt with the political and religious exigencies of their times was by adapting the practices, genres, and materials of medieval history. I demonstrate that the early modern national history was capable of supporting multiple genres and reading modes; in fact, many of these histories reflect their authors’ conviction that authentic past narratives required genres with varying levels of facticity. -
Diplomarbeit
DIPLOMARBEIT Titel der Diplomarbeit „Irish Folklore and Mythology in Irish Young Adult Fantasy Literature: Kate Thompson’s The New Policeman, and O.R. Melling’s The Hunter’s Moon.“ Verfasserin Monika Kraigher angestrebter akademischer Grad Magistra der Philosophie (Mag.phil.) Wien, im Januar 2013 Studienkennzahl lt. Studienblatt: A 343 Studienrichtung lt. Studienblatt: Anglistik und Amerikanistik Betreuer: Ao. Univ.-Prof. Mag. Dr. Franz Wöhrer To my grandmother, for her love, guidance and support... I would like to express my gratitude to Prof. Wöhrer for his exceptional guidance and patience. Thank you to my mother who has supported and motivated me unconditionally during my studies and in my everyday life. Finally, I would like to thank my friends and colleagues, notably the “gang“ from the Australian literature room, who were a great mental support during the work on this diploma thesis. DECLARATION OF AUTHENTICITY I confirm to have conceived and written this Diploma Thesis in English all by myself: Quotations from other authors are all clearly marked and acknowledged in the bibliographical references, either in the footnotes or within the text. Any ideas borrowed and/or passages paraphrased from the works of other authors are truthfully acknowledged and identified in the footnotes. Table of contents 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................ 1 2. Irish Children’s and Young Adult Literature ........................................................ -
Inequality of Opportunities Among Ethnic Groups in the Philippines Celia M
Philippine Institute for Development Studies Surian sa mga Pag-aaral Pangkaunlaran ng Pilipinas Inequality of Opportunities Among Ethnic Groups in the Philippines Celia M. Reyes, Christian D. Mina and Ronina D. Asis DISCUSSION PAPER SERIES NO. 2017-42 The PIDS Discussion Paper Series constitutes studies that are preliminary and subject to further revisions. They are being circulated in a limited number of copies only for purposes of soliciting comments and suggestions for further refinements. The studies under the Series are unedited and unreviewed. The views and opinions expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect those of the Institute. Not for quotation without permission from the author(s) and the Institute. December 2017 For comments, suggestions or further inquiries please contact: The Research Information Department, Philippine Institute for Development Studies 18th Floor, Three Cyberpod Centris – North Tower, EDSA corner Quezon Avenue, 1100 Quezon City, Philippines Tel Nos: (63-2) 3721291 and 3721292; E-mail: [email protected] Or visit our website at https://www.pids.gov.ph Inequality of opportunities among ethnic groups in the Philippines Celia M. Reyes, Christian D. Mina and Ronina D. Asis. Abstract This paper contributes to the scant body of literature on inequalities among and within ethnic groups in the Philippines by examining both the vertical and horizontal measures in terms of opportunities in accessing basic services such as education, electricity, safe water, and sanitation. The study also provides a glimpse of the patterns of inequality in Mindanao. The results show that there are significant inequalities in opportunities in accessing basic services within and among ethnic groups in the Philippines.