GLENN DICTEROW a Most Masterful Musician: 34 Years As the New York Philharmonic’S Concertmaster

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

GLENN DICTEROW a Most Masterful Musician: 34 Years As the New York Philharmonic’S Concertmaster GLENN DICTEROW A Most Masterful Musician: 34 Years as the New York Philharmonic’s Concertmaster hen Glenn Dicterow Tchaikovsky’s Violin Concerto at the became Concertmaster of invitation of Andre Kostelanetz. He then W the New York Philharmonic returned to California when Zubin in 1980, he obviously had the full Mehta, then Music Director of the Los support of Zubin Mehta, the Music Angeles Philharmonic, hired him where Director who appointed him — he soon became that orchestra’s Assistant but success was not by any means Concertmaster. guaranteed. The last Concertmaster with a lengthy tenure was the beloved Music Director Alan Gilbert said: John Corigliano, who had retired after serving in that position for 23 years. Glenn has provided a crucial underpinning Following Corigliano’s retirement, in and perspective during the tenures of four 1966, 14 years went by in which six music directors and for more than 200 guest different Concertmasters or Acting conductors, and he has presided over more than Concertmasters passed through the 6,000 concerts, and been a soloist in 219. Philharmonic. Another mark against Glen n was his age: at 31 years old, he But statistics don’t capture the totality. was the youngest musician ever to be Glenn is a legend. One of the world’s appointed to that leadership post. greatest violinists, he brings his incredible Now, 34 years later, the New York musical point of view and inspires the highest Philharmonic bids farewell to standard through the warmth of his sound Glenn Dicterow, the longest-serving and his consummate professionalism. I’ve seen Concertmaster in the Orchestra’s him work with conductors of great renown 172-year history. and complete beginners, and have always been impressed by his consistent commitment Glenn was born to parents of Russian- and dedication. Jewish background and raised in Los Angeles. His father, Harold, was In my fi rst weeks as Music Director, Associate Concertmaster of the Los I looked over to Glenn and knew he Angeles Philharmonic for 52 years. Both absolutely understood my intention. What Glenn and his older brother, Maurice, happened next is an illustration of what a began violin studies at an early age. quintessential concertmaster can do: Glenn, In addition to his father, Glenn’s early somehow, through the force of his will and teachers included Henryk Szeryng and his body language, galvanized the orchestra, Jascha Heifetz. In 1967 he enrolled at kicking things into a turbo charge. This The Juilliard School, where he studied dramatic infl uence on the entire ensemble is with Ivan Galamian, and made his New at the heart of what Glenn has given the York Philharmonic debut, performing Philharmonic for 34 years..
Recommended publications
  • Choose Yourfavorite Three Concerts
    CHOOSE YOUR FAVORITE THREE CONCERTS. You’ll Save 33% – That’s Up to $200 in Savings with Added Benefits Call 212-875-5656 or visit nyphil.org/CYO33 and use promo code CYO33. ** U.S. Premiere–New York Philharmonic Co-Commission with the London Philharmonic Orchestra *** World Premiere–New York Philharmonic Commission † Commissions made possible by The Marie-Josée Kravis Prize for New Music †New York City Premiere–New York Philharmonic Co-Commission Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday 7:30pm 7:30pm 7:30pm 8:00pm 8:00pm unless otherwise noted unless otherwise noted Conductor Guest Artists Program Esa-Pekka Leila Josefowicz violin RAVEL Mother Goose Suite NOV Salonen Esa-Pekka SALONEN Violin Concerto NOV OCT OCT NOV conductor (New York Concert Premiere) 5 30 31 1 2 SIBELIUS Symphony No. 5 (11:00am) Bernard Miah Persson soprano J.S. BACH Cantata No. 51, Jauchzet Labadie Stephanie Blythe Gott in allen Landen! conductor mezzo-soprano HANDEL “Let the Bright Seraphim” Frédéric Antoun tenor from Samson Andrew Foster- MOZART Requiem NOV NOV NOV Williams bass 7 8 9 Matthew Muckey trumpet New York Choral Artists Joseph Flummerfelt director Alan Gilbert Liang Wang oboe R. STRAUSS Also sprach Zarathustra conductor Glenn Dicterow, violin NOV Christopher ROUSE Oboe Concerto NOV NOV NOV 15 (New York Premiere) 19 14 16 R. STRAUSS Don Juan (2:00pm) Glenn Dicterow, violin Alan Gilbert Paul Appleby tenor BRITTEN Serenade for Tenor, Horn, conductor Philip Myers horn and Strings Kate Royal soprano BRITTEN Spring Symphony Sasha Cooke mezzo-soprano NOV NOV NOV New York Choral Artists 21 22 23 Joseph Flummerfelt director Brooklyn Youth Chorus Dianne Berkun- Menaker director Alan Gilbert Paul Appleby tenor MOZART Symphony No.
    [Show full text]
  • From the Violin Studio of Sergiu Schwartz
    CoNSERVATORY oF Music presents The Violin Studio of Sergiu Schwartz SPOTLIGHT ON YOUNG VIOLIN VIRTUOSI with Tao Lin, piano Saturday, April 3, 2004 7:30p.m. Amamick-Goldstein Concert Hall de Hoernle International Center Program Polonaise No. 1 in D Major ..................................................... Henryk Wieniawski Gabrielle Fink, junior (United States) (1835 - 1880) Tambourin Chino is ...................................................................... Fritz Kreisler Anne Chicheportiche, professional studies (France) (1875- 1962) La Campanella ............................................................................ Niccolo Paganini Andrei Bacu, senior (Romania) (1782-1840) (edited Fritz Kreisler) Romanza Andaluza ....... .. ............... .. ......................................... Pablo de Sarasate Marcoantonio Real-d' Arbelles, sophomore (United States) (1844-1908) 1 Dance of the Goblins .................................................................... Antonio Bazzini Marta Murvai, senior (Romania) (1818- 1897) Caprice Viennois ... .... ........................................................................ Fritz Kreisler Danut Muresan, senior (Romania) (1875- 1962) Finale from Violin Concerto No. 1 in g minor, Op. 26 ......................... Max Bruch Gareth Johnson, sophomore (United States) (1838- 1920) INTERMISSION 1Ko<F11m'1-za from Violin Concerto No. 2 in d minor .................... Henryk Wieniawski ten a Ilieva, freshman (Bulgaria) (1835- 1880) llegro a Ia Zingara from Violin Concerto No. 2 in d minor
    [Show full text]
  • To Read Or Download the Competition Program Guide
    THE KLEIN COMPETITION 2021 JUNE 5 & 6 The 36th Annual Irving M. Klein International String Competition TABLE OF CONTENTS Board of Directors Dexter Lowry, President Katherine Cass, Vice President Lian Ophir, Treasurer Ruth Short, Secretary Susan Bates Richard Festinger Peter Gelfand 2 4 5 Kevin Jim Mitchell Sardou Klein Welcome The Visionary The Prizes Tessa Lark Stephanie Leung Marcy Straw, ex officio Lee-Lan Yip Board Emerita 6 7 8 Judith Preves Anderson The Judges/Judging The Mentor Commissioned Works 9 10 11 Competition Format Past Winners About California Music Center Marcy Straw, Executive Director Mitchell Sardou Klein, Artistic Director for the Klein Competition 12 18 22 californiamusiccenter.org [email protected] Artist Programs Artist Biographies Donor Appreciation 415.252.1122 On the cover: 21 25 violinist Gabrielle Després, First Prize winner 2020 In Memory Upcoming Performances On this page: cellist Jiaxun Yao, Second Prize winner 2020 WELCOME WELCOME Welcome to the 36th Annual This year’s distinguished jury includes: Charles Castleman (active violin Irving M. Klein International performer/pedagogue and professor at the University of Miami), Glenn String Competition! This is Dicterow (former New York Philharmonic concertmaster and faculty the second, and we hope the member at the USC Thornton School of Music), Karen Dreyfus (violist, last virtual Klein Competition Associate Professor at the USC Thornton School of Music and the weekend. We have every Manhattan School of Music), our composer, Sakari Dixon Vanderveer, expectation that next June Daniel Stewart (Music Director of the Santa Cruz Symphony and Wattis we will be back live, with Music Director of the San Francisco Symphony Youth Orchestra), Ian our devoted audience in Swensen (Chair of the Violin Faculty at the San Francisco Conservatory attendance, at the San of Music), and Barbara Day Turner (Music Director of the San José Francisco Conservatory.
    [Show full text]
  • Allentown Symhpony Orchestra Audition
    ALLENTOWN SYMHPONY ORCHESTRA AUDITION REQUIREMENTS VIOLIN SECTION ASSOCIATE CONCERTMASTER & ASSISTANT PRINCIPAL SECTION: Orchestral Excerpts: Brahms Symphony No. 4, Movement I 1. m. 392 to the downbeat of m. 426 Mozart Symphony no. 39, Movement II 2. m. 1 to the end of m. 56 Mozart Symphony no. 39, Movement IV 3. m. 1 to m. 53 Mendelssohn Midsummer’s Night Dream - Scherzo 4. m. 17 to the downbeat of 7 ms. after reh. D Schumann Symphony no. 2 – Movement II - Scherzo 5. Coda (pick-ups to m. 362 to end of m. 397) Prokofiev Symphony no. 1 “Classical” – Movement I 6. beginning to 4 ms. after reh. E R. Strauss Don Juan 7. beginning to the downbeat of 13 ms. after reh. C Beethoven Symphony no. 9 – Movement III 8. Lo’stesso tempo (m. 99 to the end of m. 114) Brahms Symphony no. 1 – Movement IV 9. Reh. A to 2 ms. before reh. B (m. 22 to the end of m. 28) 10. Pick-up to 1 m. before reh. D to the downbeat of 5ms. after reh. F Smetana Bartered Bride Overture (violin 2 part) 11. beginning to the end of m. 33. CONCERTMASTER ASSOCIATE CONCERTMASTER ASSISTANT PRINCIPAL (In addition to Section Repertoire) Rimsky-Korsakov Scheherazade, op. 35 (solos) Movement I 12. m. 14 to the downbeat of m. 18 13. Reh. C to the downbeat of reh. D 14. Reh G to the downbeat of reh. H Movement II 15. m. 1 to the downbeat of m. 5 Movement III 16. 8 ms. after reh. K to the end of b.
    [Show full text]
  • The Ethics of Orchestral Conducting
    Theory of Conducting – Chapter 1 The Ethics of Orchestral Conducting In a changing culture and a society that adopts and discards values (or anti-values) with a speed similar to that of fashion as related to dressing or speech, each profession must find out the roots and principles that provide an unchanging point of reference, those principles to which we are obliged to go back again and again in order to maintain an adequate direction and, by carrying them out, allow oneself to be fulfilled. Orchestral Conducting is not an exception. For that reason, some ideas arise once and again all along this work. Since their immutability guarantees their continuance. It is known that Music, as an art of performance, causally interlinks three persons: first and closely interlocked: the composer and the performer; then, eventually, the listener. The composer and his piece of work require the performer and make him come into existence. When the performer plays the piece, that is to say when he makes it real, perceptive existence is granted and offers it to the comprehension and even gives the listener the possibility of enjoying it. The composer needs the performer so that, by executing the piece, his work means something for the listener. Therefore, the performer has no self-existence but he is performer due to the previous existence of the piece and the composer, to whom he owes to be a performer. There exist a communication process between the composer and the performer that, as all those processes involves a sender, a message and a receiver.
    [Show full text]
  • Conducting from the Piano: a Tradition Worth Reviving? a Study in Performance
    CONDUCTING FROM THE PIANO: A TRADITION WORTH REVIVING? A STUDY IN PERFORMANCE PRACTICE: MOZART’S PIANO CONCERTO IN C MINOR, K. 491 Eldred Colonel Marshall IV, B.A., M.M., M.M, M.M. Dissertation Prepared for the Degree of DOCTOR OF MUSICAL ARTS UNIVERSITY OF NORTH TEXAS May 2018 APPROVED: Pamela Mia Paul, Major Professor David Itkin, Committee Member Jesse Eschbach, Committee Member Steven Harlos, Chair of the Division of Keyboard Studies Benjamin Brand, Director of Graduate Studies in the College of Music John W. Richmond, Dean of the College of Music Victor Prybutok, Dean of the Toulouse Graduate School Marshall IV, Eldred Colonel. Conducting from the Piano: A Tradition Worth Reviving? A Study in Performance Practice: Mozart’s Piano Concerto in C minor, K. 491. Doctor of Musical Arts (Performance), May 2018, 74 pp., bibliography, 43 titles. Is conducting from the piano "real conducting?" Does one need formal orchestral conducting training in order to conduct classical-era piano concertos from the piano? Do Mozart piano concertos need a conductor? These are all questions this paper attempts to answer. Copyright 2018 by Eldred Colonel Marshall IV ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION: A BRIEF HISTORY OF CONDUCTING FROM THE KEYBOARD ............ 1 CHAPTER 2. WHAT IS “REAL CONDUCTING?” ................................................................................. 6 CHAPTER 3. ARE CONDUCTORS NECESSARY IN MOZART PIANO CONCERTOS? ........................... 13 Piano Concerto No. 9 in E-flat major, K. 271 “Jeunehomme” (1777) ............................... 13 Piano Concerto No. 13 in C major, K. 415 (1782) ............................................................. 23 Piano Concerto No. 20 in D minor, K. 466 (1785) ............................................................. 25 Piano Concerto No. 24 in C minor, K.
    [Show full text]
  • Henryk Szeryng – Weltbürger Und Weltklasse-Geiger (3)
    SWR2 Musikstunde Henryk Szeryng – Weltbürger und Weltklasse-Geiger (3) Von Jörg Lengersdorf Sendung vom: 18. August 2021 (Erstsendung 19. September 2018) Redaktion: Dr. Ulla Zierau Produktion: SWR 2018 SWR2 können Sie auch im SWR2 Webradio unter www.SWR2.de und auf Mobilgeräten in der SWR2 App hören – oder als Podcast nachhören: Bitte beachten Sie: Das Manuskript ist ausschließlich zum persönlichen, privaten Gebrauch bestimmt. Jede weitere Vervielfältigung und Verbreitung bedarf der ausdrücklichen Genehmigung des Urhebers bzw. des SWR. Die SWR2 App für Android und iOS Hören Sie das SWR2 Programm, wann und wo Sie wollen. Jederzeit live oder zeitversetzt, online oder offline. Alle Sendung stehen mindestens sieben Tage lang zum Nachhören bereit. Nutzen Sie die neuen Funktionen der SWR2 App: abonnieren, offline hören, stöbern, meistgehört, Themenbereiche, Empfehlungen, Entdeckungen … Kostenlos herunterladen: www.swr2.de/app Die Jugend des Geigers Henryk Szeryng ist vorbei, das Studium fast beendet. Eine Weltkarriere scheint auf ihn zu warten. Doch dann sucht der Krieg Europa heim, alles kommt anders… Im Juli 1937 hat der 18jährige Henryk Szeryng gerade einmal 8 Monate in Paris studiert, als er sein Studium am Konservatorium beim Abschlusskonzert mit dem Prestigeträchtigen und begehrten ersten Preis der Kohorte abschließt. Neben Szeryng erhält der ebenfalls bald zur Weltelite gehörende Geiger Yfrah Neaman diese Auszeichnung. Der später legendäre Solist und langjährige Star-Konzertmeister der Berliner Philharmoniker, Michel Schwalbé, bekommt dagegen nur den zweiten Preis. Ein Detail am Rande, das immerhin illustriert, was für ein Niveau die Pariser Professoren in dieser Prüfungsphase 1937 serviert bekommen. In einigen biografischen Abrissen (ausführliche Biografien gibt es noch nicht) liest man nun, Szeryngs Eltern hätten ihm zum Pariser Abschluss eine wertvolle Geige das Cremoneser Meisters Andrea Guarneri geschenkt.
    [Show full text]
  • JUNE 27–29, 2013 Thursday, June 27, 2013, 7:30 P.M. 15579Th
    06-27 Stravinsky:Layout 1 6/19/13 12:21 PM Page 23 JUNE 2 7–29, 2013 Two Works by Stravinsky Thursday, June 27, 2013, 7:30 p.m. 15, 579th Concert Friday, June 28, 2013, 8 :00 p.m. 15,580th Concert Saturday, June 29, 2013, 8:00 p.m. 15,58 1st Concert Alan Gilbert , Conductor/Magician Global Sponsor Doug Fitch, Director/Designer Karole Armitage, Choreographer Edouard Getaz, Producer/Video Director These concerts are sponsored by Yoko Nagae Ceschina. A production created by Giants Are Small Generous support from The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, Clifton Taylor, Lighting Designer The Susan and Elihu Rose Foun - Irina Kruzhilina, Costume Designer dation, Donna and Marvin Matt Acheson, Master Puppeteer Schwartz, the Mary and James G. Margie Durand, Make-Up Artist Wallach Family Foundation, and an anonymous donor. Featuring Sara Mearns, Principal Dancer* Filming and Digital Media distribution of this Amar Ramasar , Principal Dancer/Puppeteer* production are made possible by the generos ity of The Mary and James G. Wallach Family This concert will last approximately one and Foundation and The Rita E. and Gustave M. three-quarter hours, which includes one intermission. Hauser Recording Fund . Avery Fisher Hall at Lincoln Center Home of the New York Philharmonic June 2013 23 06-27 Stravinsky:Layout 1 6/19/13 12:21 PM Page 24 New York Philharmonic Two Works by Stravinsky Alan Gilbert, Conductor/Magician Doug Fitch, Director/Designer Karole Armitage, Choreographer Edouard Getaz, Producer/Video Director A production created by Giants Are Small Clifton Taylor, Lighting Designer Irina Kruzhilina, Costume Designer Matt Acheson, Master Puppeteer Margie Durand, Make-Up Artist Featuring Sara Mearns, Principal Dancer* Amar Ramasar, Principal Dancer/Puppeteer* STRAVINSKY Le Baiser de la fée (The Fairy’s Kiss ) (1882–1971) (1928, rev.
    [Show full text]
  • July 18, 2002, 8:00 P.M
    LIVE FROM LINCOLN CENTER July 18, 2002, 8:00 p.m. on PBS Lincoln Center Festival/New York Philharmonic Kurt Masur's 75th Birthday & Farewell "Thank you, Kurt Masur" has been the season-long motto of the New York Philharmonic. Indeed, there is much for which to thank Mr. Masur. His 11 seasons as the Orchestra's Music Director have seen a dramatic improvement in the Philharmonic's performance standards as well as a discipline in its playing that have laid to rest the one-time canard that the players of the New York Philharmonic are an unruly bunch. Concert after concert during the Masur years the Philharmonic has shown that it can stand comparison with the greatest orchestras anywhere in the world. The 2001-2002 season has been Mr. Masur's final one as Music Director, though he will return for a number of weeks next season as a Guest Conductor. To put the seal on the Masur tenure, as well as to celebrate the Maestro's 75th birthday, a special concert by the New York Philharmonic has been scheduled in Avery Fisher Hall for Thursday evening, July 18. Characteristically, Mr. Masur has devised a program that beams a spotlight on a number of the orchestra's principal players. Happily, we'll be in Avery Fisher Hall that evening with our cameras and microphones to bring that concert to you live in our continuing Live From Lincoln Center series. The concert will begin with a demonstration of the corporate excellence of the players-the Overture to Candide by Leonard Bernstein (himself a former Music Director of the Philharmonic), performed by the orchestra without conductor! I remember a similar conductorless Candide Overture performance as a memorial to Bernstein in Carnegie Hall with musicians from several of the orchestras with whom he had particularly close associations, among them the Philharmonic, of course, as well as the Boston Symphony, the London Symphony, the Concertgebouw Orchestra of Amsterdam, and the Vienna Philharmonic.
    [Show full text]
  • Music Director Riccardo Muti Returns to Cso for Two Weeks of Concerts in February
    FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Contact: January 14, 2016 Eileen Chambers, 312.294.3092 Photos Available By Request: [email protected] MUSIC DIRECTOR RICCARDO MUTI RETURNS TO CSO FOR TWO WEEKS OF CONCERTS IN FEBRUARY February 11–20, 2016 CSO Principal Clarinet Stephen Williamson and CSO Concertmaster Robert Chen Make Solo Appearances with Muti and CSO Muti and Members of CSO Offer Lenten Performance of Haydn’s The Seven Last Words of Our Savior on the Cross with Archbishop Blase J. Cupich at Holy Name Cathedral on February 19 CHICAGO—Music Director Riccardo Muti returns to Chicago in February for two weeks of concerts and activities February 11-20 during the Chicago Symphony Orchestra’s 125th anniversary season. Programs include subscription concerts featuring CSO Principal Clarinet Stephen Williamson (February 11-14) and CSO Concertmaster Robert Chen (February 18-20), a Lenten performance at Holy Name Cathedral with members of the CSO and Archbishop Blase J. Cupich on February 19 and an Open Rehearsal with the Festival Orchestra of the 2016 Chicago Youth in Music Festival on February 15. On February 11-14, Muti leads a program that highlights the CSO strings in a diverse array of works including György Ligeti’s haunting work for string orchestra, Ramifications, and Tchaikovsky’s Serenade for String Orchestra. The previously-announced premiere of CSO Mead Composer-in-Residence Elizabeth Ogonek’s new work for strings and percussion commissioned for the CSO has been postponed until a future date to be announced. Replacing the Ogonek work on the program is Arvo Pärt’s Orient and Occident, an intense and evocative work for strings in a first-ever performance by the CSO.
    [Show full text]
  • An Investigation of Dalcroze-Inspired Embodied Movement
    AN INVESTIGATION OF DALCROZE-INSPIRED EMBODIED MOVEMENT WITHIN UNDERGRADUATE CONDUCTING COURSEWORK by NICHOLAS J. MARZUOLA Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements For the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation Advisor: Dr. Nathan B. Kruse Department of Music CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY May, 2019 CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES We hereby approve the dissertation of Nicholas J. Marzuola, candidate for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy*. (signed) Dr. Nathan B. Kruse (chair of the committee) Dr. Lisa Huisman Koops Dr. Matthew L. Garrett Dr. Anthony Jack (date) March 25, 2019 *We also certify that written approval has been obtained for any proprietary material contained therein. 2 Copyright © 2019 by Nicholas J. Marzuola All rights reserved 3 DEDICATION To Allison, my loving wife and best friend. 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................................... 5 LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................... 10 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .............................................................................................. 11 ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................................... 13 CHAPTER ONE, INTRODUCTION ............................................................................... 15 History of Conducting ..................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • WANTED Oi Lir-,1 UK) Cusickiitr
    PRSRT STD. U.S. Postage Paid Sanibel, FL to Per mi I £33 POSMI I'citron m .mi mmmmm w • *,. i -.\'h*:* . .5''. V ' " : — ', lt'\ . I . BIG-ARTS ...j a home for all the arts •'',*] Photo by Renny Severance SCCF Executive Director Erick Lindblad makes a welcome escape from the office long enough to do some serious clearing of vines and exotics to free up the native shrubbery around the gazebo at Periwinkle Preserve. It's all part of a major program to free native vegetation at Periwinkle Preserve and Blue Sky Preserve. J V- ^ «<u FCT^ lAKIYIIIRDS ^"V- •^^ ; 111! ~: IDI'M ^ . Join us for Oisr WANTED Oi lir-,1 UK) cuSICKIitr-,. 10th Year Anniversary 15% OFF ' with Coupon Frum MM to 7i00 1/2 Pripc Drinks (FuU Bar) Rot valid with Early Birds Z for I Appetizers C'hmmp From: •urauwd Shr, (Ack« Ikadm, Pouila SUm, Shr Expires 11/14/03 *wg. I alanurl, »k Shrimp, UIO. Rliu, Blk H«h TafeltisM Gardens Plaza °! i Perkinkle Way lal bnranlvl 2 • Week of November 7-13, 2003 • Islander Annual Demotivational Fishing Tourney at Jensen's On Saturday, Nov. 1, Dan Stegmann of HV Farms, LLC host- When you go to his school, there's more than just learning top ed his annual fishing tournament at Jensen's Marina. The fishing fishing, however. After the catch is brought back to tne OOCK, ne was organized and run by Kurt Krattinger who has some partic- cleans it and fires up his own special cooking technique: wneeioar- ular expertise in this area. rows filled with hickory wood.
    [Show full text]