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Comprehensive Index of Groundwater Prospects by Using Standard Protocols - a Model Study

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Comprehensive Index of Groundwater Prospects by Using Standard Protocols - a Model Study International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 8, Issue 5, May 2017, pp. 521–526, Article ID: IJCIET_08_05_059 Available online at http://iaeme.com/Home/issue/IJCIET?Volume=8&Issue=5 ISSN Print: 0976-6308 and ISSN Online: 0976-6316 © IAEME Publication Scopus Indexed COMPREHENSIVE INDEX OF GROUNDWATER PROSPECTS BY USING STANDARD PROTOCOLS - A MODEL STUDY M. Satish Kumar Research Scholar, Institute of Science and Technology, Centre for Environment, J.N.T.U., Hyderabad, Telangana, India M.V. Raju Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Vignan’s University, Andhra Pradesh, India Hepsibah Palivela UGC-Post Doctoral Fellow, Centre for Women Studies, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India ABSTRACT The scarcity for water is increasing day by day due to rapid increasing of population, urbanization, industrial growth and modern agricultural practices which in turn effects the availability of Groundwater, decreasing of annual average rainfall year by year due to global warming, climatic changes and increasing runoff due to urbanization and deforestation also the other reasons for the demand of water. Hence, it is most essential to protect groundwater quality as well as resources levels for drinking and irrigation to meet the requirements of the future water demands Keeping this in view, we have done a model study to prepare a comprehensive data on water quality to make them more useful for public at study area by optimum utilization of available groundwater resources to promote sustainable development. The present study was carried out in guntur district in Andhra Pradesh. Water samples were collected from bore pumps, wells, hand pumps of the study area, analysis was done by using standard protocols for water quality analysis and then correlated the results with drinking water quality standards. Key words: Ground water, environment, Andhra Pradesh, rainfall Cite this Article: M. Satish Kumar, M.V. Raju and Hepsibah Palivela, Comprehensive Index of Groundwater Prospects by Using Standard Protocols - A Model Study. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 8(5), 2017, pp. 521–526. http://iaeme.com/Home/issue/IJCIET?Volume=8&Issue=5 http://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJCIET 521 [email protected] M. Satish Kumar, M.V. Raju and Hepsibah Palivela 1. INTORDUCTION Ground water is the major and most important natural resource for the survival of human kind on the earth, in all the ways groundwater has more advantages than the surface water. As the population is keep on increasing with a dangerous siren the requirement of food grains is increasing in the same pattern, to provide food and water for such a big multitudes of the people on the globe there is a of protecting water quality .To provide the basic need like water and food in a rapid way the applications which we used to raise the crop productivity damages water resource both qualitatively and quantitatively by keeping this in view we need to focus on fresh water sources to protect them in a scientific way to promote the sustainable development at any part of the world. 2. STUDY AREA DISCRIPTION The study area lies at the coordinates of 16018’N and 80027’E. In the state of Andhra Pradesh Guntur district has as significant role in all the fields like education, politics, medical and health facilities, it is the brand ambassador for chilly production in nationwide as well as in exporting to oversees, after bifurcation of telangana state part of the district turns as capital region of andhrapradesh. The developmental activities attract peoples from all the corners of the country which makes Guntur district as most happing district in the state of andhrapradesh. At the other end the load on natural resource like water, food, shelter keep on increasing. The study has initiated to know the quality of the groundwater prospects in Guntur district. 2.1. Location Map Figure 1 Location map 3. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY • Selection of sample collecting stations • Designing protocol for analysis of each parameter • Preparing comprehensive data of ground water index http://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJCIET 522 [email protected] Comprehensive Index of Groundwater Prospects by Using Standard Protocols - A Model Study 4. METHODOLOGY • Framing of route map to collect all the samples with perfect planning • Organizing collected samples with proper labeling indicating location details • Conducting analysis for groundwater prospects 5. SELECTION OF SAMPLE COLLECTING STATIONS The sampling locations were identified by thorough investigation of topography by using SOI top maps and collected water samples from bore pumps, wells and hand pumps at study area. Table 1 Water sampling stations S.NO LOCATION S.NO LOCATION S.NO LOCATION 1 Gurazala 20 Sattenapalli 39 Kollipara 2 Rentachintala 21 Medikonduru 40 Duggirala 3 Macherla 22 Pedakurapadu 41 Kollur 4 Dachepalle 23 Muppalla 42 Vemuru 5 Bellamkonda 24 Piduguralla 43 Tsundur 6 Rompicherla 25 Phirangipuram 44 Tenali 7 Savalyapuram 26 Rajupalem 45 Chebrole 8 Krosuru 27 Thullur 46 Pedanandipadu 9 Vinukonda 28 Tadikonda 47 Kakumanu 10 Machavaram 29 Mangalagiri 48 Ponnur 11 Nuzendla 30 Tadepalli 49 Amruthalur 12 Achampeta 31 Pedakakani 50 Cherukupalle 13 Ipur 32 Guntur 51 Karlapalem 14 Durgi 33 Chilakaluripet 52 Bhattiprolu 15 Veldurthi 34 Edlapadu 53 Pittalavanipalem 16 Bollapalli 35 Vatticherukuru 54 Bapatla 17 Nakarikallu 36 Prathipadu 55 Nagaram 18 Karempudi 37 Nadendla 56 Repalle 19 Amaravathi 38 Narasaraopeta 57 Nizampatnam 6. DESIGN OF PROTOCOL FOR ANALYSIS After collection of samples there should be clear guidelines for conducting analysis part to maintain consistency in the quality of report. A protocol will be framed how to collect water samples, how to preserve them till the end of the analysis and an order to be followed for conducting analysis of various water quality parameters by adopting standard analytical methods of water quality. 7. COMPREHENSIVE REPORT ON WATER QUALITY A comprehensive report is prepared by incorporating all the parameters values of water quality at study area. This information will give the exact conditions of water quality and it can be used as reference to understand the groundwater prospects in future. http://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJCIET 523 [email protected] M. Satish Kumar, M.V. Raju and Hepsibah Palivela Table 2 Comprehensive data of groundwater index Alkalinity EC HARDNESS TDS Co3 HCO3 NA Mg Ca S.NO LOCATION pH mg/l µmhos/cm mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l 1 Gurazala 6.8 193 2138 522 1373 40 552 53 71 217 2 Rentachintala 7.5 222 1391 340 891 39 532 34 49 146 3 Macherla 7.8 254 2129 520 1360 33 524 52 75 221 4 Dachepalle 7.1 226 1376 332 886 39 524 35 44 145 5 Bellamkonda 8.1 336 780 192 496 31 413 16 29 74 6 Rompicherla 8.1 328 1196 298 763 36 418 32 45 129 7 Savalyapuram 7.4 327 1053 251 670 37 433 29 38 109 8 Krosuru 7.2 289 1206 296 774 34 433 32 45 127 9 Vinukonda 7.5 299 1210 298 772 16.2 306 30 40 128 10 Machavaram 8.5 325 2326 567 1487 35 424 57 84 234 11 Nuzendla 7.6 262 974 239 627 42 573 25 36 93 12 Achampeta 7.4 299 1628 389 1031 52 592 36 51 169 13 Ipur 7.6 305 1588 386 1021 37 445 33 57 160 14 Durgi 7.8 267 1382 338 884 47 566 36 53 140 15 Veldurthi 8.6 332 1848 453 1178 23 336 38 66 192 16 Bollapalli 8.6 338 1796 429 1148 52 594 47 60 187 17 Nakarikallu 8.5 360 1764 434 1123 32.7 448 45 58 183 18 Karempudi 8.7 385 1349 328 867 21 368 34 43 139 19 Amaravathi 7.9 268 9844 2396 6293 21 373 227 332 1001 20 Sattenapalli 8.6 340 1251 308 794 28 377 34 47 129 21 Medikonduru 8.8 368 704 175 451 25.2 378 19 28 76 22 Pedakurapadu 7.5 298 1892 469 1209 31.8 431 47 68 191 23 Muppalla 6.6 207 3591 870 2294 35.6 522 80 125 369 24 Piduguralla 8.4 306 3139 761 2008 34 426 75 104 325 25 Phirangipuram 8.3 357 2316 564 1474 38 521 58 73 232 26 Rajupalem 7.2 265 863 209 558 37.7 558 27 35 92 27 Thullur 8.5 416 2468 604 1585 18.4 353 61 87 249 28 Tadikonda 7.6 324 5004 1218 3203 51 574 114 174 509 29 Mangalagiri 7.6 252 4806 1169 3076 17.1 306 116 160 495 30 Tadepalli 8.5 312 1571 385 1001 29 445 38 53 164 31 Pedakakani 7.4 304 2198 530 1406 24 406 54 78 222 32 Guntur 8.1 378 1010 250 652 28 364 28 33 106 33 Chilakaluripet 7.3 284 1802 437 1153 29.4 432 40 68 188 34 Edlapadu 8.6 5 2248 543 1436 28 368 56 79 225 35 Vatticherukuru 7.3 306 1206 290 766 39 525 30 45 120 36 Prathipadu 8.5 326 4287 1048 2744 36.6 524 105 143 436 37 Nadendla 8.9 394 1908 469 1214 35.2 518 49 67 198 http://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJCIET 524 [email protected] Comprehensive Index of Groundwater Prospects by Using Standard Protocols - A Model Study 38 Narasaraopeta 8.6 406 2362 571 1503 39 545 59 84 246 39 Kollipara 8.4 354 5107 1243 3260 53 596 114 171 526 40 Duggirala 8.6 342 16606 4046 10631 36 427 389 567 1696 41 Kollur 7.8 267 2006 483 1284 47 558 49 73 207 42 Vemuru 8.2 358 1978 474 1267 34 525 49 63 205 43 Tsundur 8.2 318 882 218 563 38 519 26 33 97 44 Tenali 7.4 305 1288 309 823 36 528 39 48 136 45 Chebrole 7.8 278 3125 763 1992 32 405 79 103 318 46 Pedanandipadu 7.9 291 1019 251 656 32 426 27 32 101 47 Kakumanu 7.1 225 1794 443 1158 37 448 49 69 188 48 Ponnur 7.4 307 1049 259 664 33 453 27 34 104 49 Amruthalur 7.5 244 9577 2329 6128 36 435 221 332 975 50 Cherukupalle 7.7 320 2004 481 1277 29.9 417 43 68 201 51 Karlapalem 7.6 304 1829 443 1169 36 338 47 60 186 52 Bhattiprolu 7.3 327 3898 945 2493 32 521 95 139 395 53 Pittalavanipalem 8.2 333 1467 359 935 31.9 431 37 55 150 54 Bapatla 8.3 327 1583 386 1015 28.4 429 39 58 166 55 Nagaram 7.1 294 2646 640 1696 33 423 67 95 274 56 Repalle 7.5 305 4814 1172 3081 39 527 109 160 493 57 Nizampatnam 8.4 351 2531 619 1622 36 448 61 89 261 8.
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