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Peziza and Pezizaceae Inferred from Multiple Nuclear Genes: RPB2, -Tubulin, and LSU Rdna
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 36 (2005) 1–23 www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Evolutionary relationships of the cup-fungus genus Peziza and Pezizaceae inferred from multiple nuclear genes: RPB2, -tubulin, and LSU rDNA Karen Hansen ¤, Katherine F. LoBuglio, Donald H. PWster Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA Received 5 May 2004; revised 17 December 2004 Available online 22 April 2005 Abstract To provide a robust phylogeny of Pezizaceae, partial sequences from two nuclear protein-coding genes, RPB2 (encoding the sec- ond largest subunit of RNA polymerase II) and -tubulin, were obtained from 69 and 72 specimens, respectively, to analyze with nuclear ribosomal large subunit RNA gene sequences (LSU). The three-gene data set includes 32 species of Peziza, and 27 species from nine additional epigeous and six hypogeous (truZe) pezizaceous genera. Analyses of the combined LSU, RPB2, and -tubulin data set using parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian approaches identify 14 Wne-scale lineages within Pezizaceae. Species of Peziza occur in eight of the lineages, spread among other genera of the family, conWrming the non-monophyly of the genus. Although parsimony analyses of the three-gene data set produced a nearly completely resolved strict consensus tree, with increased conWdence, relationships between the lineages are still resolved with mostly weak bootstrap support. Bayesian analyses of the three- gene data, however, show support for several more inclusive clades, mostly congruent with Bayesian analyses of RPB2. No strongly supported incongruence was found among phylogenies derived from the separate LSU, RPB2, and -tubulin data sets. The RPB2 region appeared to be the most informative single gene region based on resolution and clade support, and accounts for the greatest number of potentially parsimony informative characters within the combined data set, followed by the LSU and the -tubulin region. -
Xylobolus Frustulatus (Stereaceae): Developmental Observations, Morphology, and Ecology Bob O’Kennon, Denis Benjamin, and Harold W
Xylobolus frustulatus (Stereaceae): Developmental Observations, Morphology, and Ecology Bob O’Kennon, Denis Benjamin, and Harold W. Keller Botanical Research Institute of Texas, 1700 University Drive, Fort Worth, Texas 76107-3400 Corresponding author: Harold W. Keller, Email: [email protected] Abstract—Xylobolus frustulatus, Introduction 1900’s (see www. MyCoPortal.org). At a wood-rotting fungus known as Xylobolus frustulatus is a well that time, many classified it in the genus the ceramic or parchment fungus described crust fungus, widely known Stereum, another crust basidiomycete in the Stereaceae, was observed as the ceramic or parchment fungus fungus (Boidin, 1958). It currently is continually over a twelve-month because of its striking appearance classified in the family Stereaceae with period in the Fort Worth Nature when mature (Persoon, 1801; Boidin, other corticioid, perennial, effused, Center and Refuge near the city of 1958; Kuo, 2008). The crust breaks into wood-rotting fungi such as Stereum. Fort Worth, Texas. The distribution, irregular ivory colored plates “frustules” Review of Guttation Droplets habitat, and morphology of this separated by a dark sepia “grout.” Its Liquid droplets (guttation) form on fungus is described. The moist preferred host is mature, dead, decaying, the young, developing fruiting bodies of young stages in early development of decorticate, oak trees of a variety of taxa. Xylobolus frustulatus. The mechanism of this fungus produce clear to amber- Most of the records are in the eastern guttation in fungi is poorly understood, colored liquid droplets (guttation) USA as well as in Europe and Asia, although it is widespread in some and look morphologically different perhaps because of its host association, wood-rotting genera, especially in the from the fruiting bodies when fully although there is one record from Polyporaceae. -
Macrofungi on Fallen Oak Trunks in the Białowieża Virgin Forest – Ecological Role of Trunk Parameters and Surrounding Vegetation
CZECH MYCOLOGY 71(1): 65–89, JUNE 18, 2019 (ONLINE VERSION, ISSN 1805-1421) Macrofungi on fallen oak trunks in the Białowieża Virgin Forest – ecological role of trunk parameters and surrounding vegetation 1 2 3 1 1 JAN HOLEC ,JAN BĚŤÁK ,DANIEL DVOŘÁK ,MARTIN KŘÍŽ ,MIRIAM KUCHAŘÍKOVÁ , 4 5 RENATA KRZYŚCIAK-KOSIŃSKA ,TOMÁŠ KUČERA 1 National Museum, Mycological Department, Cirkusová 1740, CZ-193 00 Praha 9, Czech Republic; [email protected] 2 The Silva Tarouca Research Institute for Landscape and Ornamental Gardening, Lidická 25/27, CZ-602 00 Brno, Czech Republic; [email protected] 3 Masaryk University, Department of Botany and Zoology, Kotlářská 2, CZ-611 37 Brno, Czech Republic; [email protected] 4 Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Nature Conservation, al. A. Mickiewicza 33, PL-31-120 Kraków, Poland; [email protected] 5 University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, Branišovská 1645/31a, CZ-370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; [email protected] Holec J., Běťák J., Dvořák D., Kříž M., Kuchaříková M., Krzyściak-Kosińska R., Kučera T. (2019): Macrofungi on fallen oak trunks in the Białowieża Virgin Forest – ecological role of trunk parameters and surrounding vegetation. – Czech Mycol. 71(1): 65–89. All groups of macrofungi were recorded on 32 large fallen trunks of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur) in various decay stages in the strictly protected zone of Białowieża National Park, Poland. The total number of species was 187 with 4–38 species per trunk. The mycobiota of individual trunks was unique, consisting of a variable set of several frequent species, a high number of infrequent to rare ones, and a considerable proportion of mycorrhizal fungi and species preferring conifer wood. -
Heavy Metal Remediation: Transport and Accumulation in Plants
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH ADVANCES HEAVY METAL REMEDIATION TRANSPORT AND ACCUMULATION IN PLANTS No part of this digital document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means. The publisher has taken reasonable care in the preparation of this digital document, but makes no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assumes no responsibility for any errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of information contained herein. This digital document is sold with the clear understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering legal, medical or any other professional services. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH ADVANCES Additional books in this series can be found on Nova‘s website under the Series tab. Additional e-books in this series can be found on Nova‘s website under the e-book tab. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH ADVANCES HEAVY METAL REMEDIATION TRANSPORT AND ACCUMULATION IN PLANTS DHARMENDRA KUMAR GUPTA AND SOUMYA CHATTERJEE EDITORS New York Copyright © 2014 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means: electronic, electrostatic, magnetic, tape, mechanical photocopying, recording or otherwise without the written permission of the Publisher. For permission to use material from this book please contact us: Telephone 631-231-7269; Fax 631-231-8175 Web Site: http://www.novapublishers.com NOTICE TO THE READER The Publisher has taken reasonable care in the preparation of this book, but makes no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assumes no responsibility for any errors or omissions. -
New Data on the Occurence of an Element Both
Analele UniversităĠii din Oradea, Fascicula Biologie Tom. XVI / 2, 2009, pp. 53-59 CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE KNOWLEDGE DIVERSITY OF LIGNICOLOUS MACROMYCETES (BASIDIOMYCETES) FROM CĂ3ĂğÂNII MOUNTAINS Ioana CIORTAN* *,,Alexandru. Buia” Botanical Garden, Craiova, Romania Corresponding author: Ioana Ciortan, ,,Alexandru Buia” Botanical Garden, 26 Constantin Lecca Str., zip code: 200217,Craiova, Romania, tel.: 0040251413820, e-mail: [email protected] Abstract. This paper presents partial results of research conducted between 2005 and 2009 in different forests (beech forests, mixed forests of beech with spruce, pure spruce) in CăSăĠânii Mountains (Romania). 123 species of wood inhabiting Basidiomycetes are reported from the CăSăĠânii Mountains, both saprotrophs and parasites, as identified by various species of trees. Keywords: diversity, macromycetes, Basidiomycetes, ecology, substrate, saprotroph, parasite, lignicolous INTRODUCTION MATERIALS AND METHODS The data presented are part of an extensive study, The research was conducted using transects and which will complete the PhD thesis. The CăSăĠânii setting fixed locations in some vegetable formations, Mountains are a mountain group of the ùureanu- which were visited several times a year beginning with Parâng-Lotru Mountains, belonging to the mountain the months April-May until October-November. chain of the Southern Carpathians. They are situated in Fungi were identified on the basis of both the SE parth of the Parâng Mountain, between OlteĠ morphological and anatomical properties of fruiting River in the west, Olt River in the east, Lotru and bodies and according to specific chemical reactions LaroriĠa Rivers in the north. Our area is 900 Km2 large using the bibliography [1-8, 10-13]. Special (Fig. 1). The vegetation presents typical levers: major presentation was made in phylogenetic order, the associations characteristic of each lever are present in system of classification used was that adopted by Kirk this massif. -
Influence of Heavy Metal Toxicity on Plant Growth, Metabolism and Its Alleviation by Phytoremediation - a Promising Technology
Journal of Agriculture and Ecology Research International 6(2): 1-19, 2016; Article no.JAERI.23543 ISSN: 2394-1073 SCIENCEDOMAIN international www.sciencedomain.org Influence of Heavy Metal Toxicity on Plant Growth, Metabolism and Its Alleviation by Phytoremediation - A Promising Technology Farha Ashfaque1*, Akhtar Inam1, Seema Sahay1 and Saba Iqbal1 1Department of Botany, Environmental and Plant Physiology Section, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, (U.P.), 202002, India. Authors’ contributions This work was carried out in collaboration between all authors. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Article Information DOI: 10.9734/JAERI/2016/23543 Editor(s): (1) Chandra Shekhar Kapoor, Department of Environmental Sciences, University College of Science, Mohan Lal Sukhadia University, India. Reviewers: (1) Zafar Iqbal Khan, University of Sargodha, Pakistan. (2) Qingping Hu, Shanxi Normal University, China. Complete Peer review History: http://sciencedomain.org/review-history/12958 Received 6th December 2015 Accepted 31st December 2015 Review Article th Published 12 January 2016 ABSTRACT Heavy metals (HMs) contamination of soil and water is a serious problem in recent time and cause hazardous effects on humans and animals which ultimately results in destruction of environment. HMs such as Cd, Cr, Pb, As, Co, Cu, Ni, Zn, Mn, etc. are considered as environmental pollutants due to their toxic effects. These metals alter the plant growth, physiology, and development, it involves the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which leads to subsequent cell death, eventually results in the reduction of crop growth and yield. To sustain the agricultural environment, it is necessary to alleviate the toxicity of HMs from the environment. There are number of technologies evolved but, phytoremediation is an emerging technology that uses plants to clean up pollutants from the environment. -
THE LARGER CUP FUNGI in BRITAIN - Part 2 Pezizaceae (Excluding Peziza & Plicaria) Brian Spooner Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AE
Field Mycology Volume 2(1), January 2001 THE LARGER CUP FUNGI IN BRITAIN - part 2 Pezizaceae (excluding Peziza & Plicaria) Brian Spooner Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AE he first part of this series (Spooner, 2000) provided a brief introduction to cup fungi or ‘discomycetes’, and considered in particular the ‘operculate’ species, those in T which the ascus opens (dehisces) via an apical lid or operculum.These constitute the order Pezizales and include most of the larger discomycete species. A key to the 12 families of Pezizales represented in Britain was given. In the present part, a key to the British genera of the Pezizaceae is provided, together with brief descriptions of the genera and keys to the species of all genera other than Peziza and Plicaria.These two genera, which include over sixty species in Britain alone, will be considered in Part 3. A glossary of technical terms is given at the end of the article. Pezizaceae Dumort. Characterised by operculate, thin-walled, amyloid asci and uninucleate spores with thin or rarely somewhat thickened walls. Key to British Genera of Pezizaceae 1. Asci indehiscent; ascomata subhypogeous or developed in litter, subglobose or irregular in form; spores globose, ornamented, purple-brown at maturity, eguttulate . Sphaerozone 1. Asci dehiscent; ascomata epigeous, rarely hypogeous at first, on various substrates, cupulate to discoid or pulvinate, sometimes short-stipitate, rarely sparassoid; spores globose or ellip- soid, smooth or ornamented, hyaline or brownish, guttulate or eguttulate . 2 2. Ascus apex strongly blue in iodine, rest of wall diffusely blue in iodine or not . -
Trametes Ochracea on Birch, Pasadena Ski and Andrus Voitk Nature Park, Sep
V OMPHALINForay registration & information issueISSN 1925-1858 Vol. V, No 4 Newsletter of Apr. 15, 2014 OMPHALINA OMPHALINA, newsletter of Foray Newfoundland & Labrador, has no fi xed schedule of publication, and no promise to appear again. Its primary purpose is to serve as a conduit of information to registrants of the upcoming foray and secondarily as a communications tool with members. Issues of OMPHALINA are archived in: is an amateur, volunteer-run, community, Library and Archives Canada’s Electronic Collection <http://epe. not-for-profi t organization with a mission to lac-bac.gc.ca/100/201/300/omphalina/index.html>, and organize enjoyable and informative amateur Centre for Newfoundland Studies, Queen Elizabeth II Library mushroom forays in Newfoundland and (printed copy also archived) <http://collections.mun.ca/cdm4/ description.php?phpReturn=typeListing.php&id=162>. Labrador and disseminate the knowledge gained. The content is neither discussed nor approved by the Board of Directors. Therefore, opinions expressed do not represent the views of the Board, Webpage: www.nlmushrooms.ca the Corporation, the partners, the sponsors, or the members. Opinions are solely those of the authors and uncredited opinions solely those of the Editor. ADDRESS Foray Newfoundland & Labrador Please address comments, complaints, contributions to the self-appointed Editor, Andrus Voitk: 21 Pond Rd. Rocky Harbour NL seened AT gmail DOT com, A0K 4N0 CANADA … who eagerly invites contributions to OMPHALINA, dealing with any aspect even remotely related to mushrooms. E-mail: info AT nlmushrooms DOT ca Authors are guaranteed instant fame—fortune to follow. Authors retain copyright to all published material, and BOARD OF DIRECTORS CONSULTANTS submission indicates permission to publish, subject to the usual editorial decisions. -
Fungi of the Baldwin Woods Forest Preserve - Rice Tract Based on Surveys Conducted in 2020 by Sherry Kay and Ben Sikes
Fungi of the Baldwin Woods Forest Preserve - Rice Tract Based on surveys conducted in 2020 by Sherry Kay and Ben Sikes Scientific name Common name Comments Agaricus silvicola Wood Mushroom Allodus podophylli Mayapple Rust Amanita flavoconia group Yellow Patches Amanita vaginata group 4 different taxa Arcyria cinerea Myxomycete (Slime mold) Arcyria sp. Myxomycete (Slime mold) Arcyria denudata Myxomycete (Slime mold) Armillaria mellea group Honey Mushroom Auricularia americana Cloud Ear Biscogniauxia atropunctata Bisporella citrina Yellow Fairy Cups Bjerkandera adusta Smoky Bracket Camarops petersii Dog's Nose Fungus Cantharellus "cibarius" Chanterelle Ceratiomyxa fruticulosa Honeycomb Coral Slime Mold Myxomycete (Slime mold) Cerioporus squamosus Dryad's Saddle Cheimonophyllum candidissimum Class Agaricomycetes Coprinellus radians Orange-mat Coprinus Coprinopsis variegata Scaly Ink Cap Cortinarius alboviolaceus Cortinarius coloratus Crepidotus herbarum Crepidotus mollis Peeling Oysterling Crucibulum laeve Common Bird's Nest Dacryopinax spathularia Fan-shaped Jelly-fungus Daedaleopsis confragosa Thin-walled Maze Polypore Diatrype stigma Common Tarcrust Ductifera pululahuana Jelly Fungus Exidia glandulosa Black Jelly Roll Fuligo septica Dog Vomit Myxomycete (Slime mold) Fuscoporia gilva Mustard Yellow Polypore Galiella rufa Peanut Butter Cup Gymnopus dryophilus Oak-loving Gymnopus Gymnopus spongiosus Gyromitra brunnea Carolina False Morel; Big Red Hapalopilus nidulans Tender Nesting Polypore Hydnochaete olivacea Brown-toothed Crust Hymenochaete -
(Basidiomycetes) in Taiwan
The Corticiaceae (Basidiomycetes) in Taiwan Dissertation zur Erlangung des Grades eines Doktors der Naturwissenschaften (Dr. rer. nat.) im Fachbereich 18 Naturwissenschaften am Institut für Biologie der Universität Kassel vorgelegt von I-Shu Lee aus Taiwan 2010 Tag der Mündlichen Prüfung: Kassel, am 26. Mai 2010 1. Berichterstatter: Prof. Dr. Ewald Langer 2. Berichterstatter: PD Dr. Roland Kirschner 3. Berichterstatter: Prof. Dr. Kurt Weising 4. Berichterstatter: Prof. Dr. Friedrich Schmidt Acknowledgement i Acknowledgement It was Prof. Dr. Chee-Jen Chen who introduced me to fungal field, and sent me to Germany for learning further knowledge. I am greatly indebted to Prof. Dr. Ewald Langer, the leader of Ecology department in Biology institute, Kassel University. He taught me the principles and fundamentals of mycology, and has concentrated my attention towards the Corticiaceae in Taiwan. I own them both much thankfulness for their support and teaching during all these years. I also want to express my sincere thanks to Dr. Clovis Douanla-Meli, who has willing to guide me on fungi determination. Moreover, thanks to Torsten Bernauer, who with Dr. C. Douanla-Meli together helped me correct this thesis. We have discussed several collections and text descriptions. My special thanks go to all members of Ecology department. Carola Weißkopf, Inge Aufenanger, and Ulrike Frieling taught me the skills of fungal cultures and related molecular technology. I am also grateful to be the partner with them in this department. Collections came available for study thanks to the kind help of Prof. Dr. C. J. Chen, Prof. Dr. E. Langer, and Dr. Gitta Langer. I render my thanks to Dr. -
Ramaria Lacteobrunnescens) Funnen För Första Gången I Nordeuropa I En Uppländsk Kalkbarrskog
Svensk Mykologisk Tidskrift Volym 29 · nummer 3 · 2008 Svensk Mykologisk Tidskrift inkluderar tidigare: www.svampar.se Svensk Mykologisk Tidskrift Sveriges Mykologiska Förening Tidskriften publicerar originalartiklar med svamp- Föreningen verkar för anknytning och med svenskt och nordeuropeiskt - en bättre kännedom om Sveriges svampar och intresse. Tidskriften utkommer med fyra nummer svampars roll i naturen per år och ägs av Sveriges Mykologiska Förening. - skydd av naturen och att svampplockning och annat Instruktioner till författare finns på SMF:s hemsida uppträdande i skog och mark sker under iakttagande www.svampar.se Tidskrift erhålls genom medlem- av gällande lagar skap i SMF. - att kontakter mellan lokala svampföreningar och Detta nummer av Svensk Mykologisk Tidskrift svampintresserade i landet underlättas framställs med bidrag från Tore Nathorst-Windahls - att kontakt upprätthålls med mykologiska föreningar minnesfond, Skogsstyrelsen och Naturvårdsverket. i grannländer - en samverkan med mykologisk forskning och veten- Redaktion skap. Redaktör och ansvarig utgivare Mikael Jeppson Medlemskap erhålles genom insättning av medlems- Lilla Håjumsgatan 4, avgiften på föreningens bankgiro 461 35 TROLLHÄTTAN 5388-7733 eller plusgiro 443 92 02-5. 0520-82910 [email protected] Medlemsavgiften för 2009 är: • 250:- för medlemmar bosatta i Sverige Hjalmar Croneborg • 300:- för medlemmar bosatta utanför Sverige Mattsarve Gammelgarn • 125:- (halv avgift) för studerande medlemmar 620 16 LJUGARN bosatta i Sverige (maximalt under 5 år) 018-672557 • 50:- för familjemedlemmar (erhåller ej SMT) [email protected] Subscriptions from abroad are welcome. Payments Jan Nilsson for 2009 (SEK 300.-) can be made to our bank ac- Smeberg 2 count: 450 84 BULLAREN Swedbank AB (publ) 0525-20972 Berga Företag [email protected] Box 22181 SE 250 23 Helsingborg, Sweden Äldre nummer av Svensk Mykologisk Tidskrift (inkl. -
Decaying Fungi Affecting Sustainable Production of Wooden Biomass As Renewable Source of Energy
1. Milenko MIRIĆ, 2. Snežana IVKOVIĆ, 3. Snežana RAJKOVIĆ, 4. Miroslava MARKOVIĆ DECAYING FUNGI AFFECTING SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION OF WOODEN BIOMASS AS RENEWABLE SOURCE OF ENERGY 1‐2. UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE, FACULTY OF FORESTRY, KNEZA VIŠESLAVA 1, BELGRADE, SERBIA 3‐4. INSTITUTE FOR FORESTRY, KNEZA VIŠESLAVA 3, BELGRADE, SERBIA ABSTRACT: The wood is important renewable resource of raw material and energy. Its` rational management and utilization lead to the sustainable production of wooden biomass. A numerous of factors affect normal production, quantity and quality of biomass as like wood decaying fungi, xylophages insects etc. Decaying fungi destroy the wooden mass due to their nutritional requirements. As consequence it appears significant loss of wooden mass as potential raw material or energy resource, although the wood is renewable resource of energy. In this article it has been estimated mass loss of two Oak wood species due to impact of four decaying fungi. KEYWORDS: decay, fungi, mass loss, Basidiomycetes, wood, biomass INTRODUCTION The basic built materials of wood ‐ cell walls are cellulose (40 ‐ 50%), hemicelluloses (15 ‐ 35%) and lignin (20 ‐ 35%), which create together some 97 ‐ 99% of wood substance [1]. Wood decaying fungi, depending to their enzymatic activity, can utilize for nutrition each of this constituents, but in amount which in quantitative and qualitative sense define them as causers of brown ‐, soft ‐ or white rot [2]. Among this group of fungi extremely important are those species with the both parasitic and saprophytic characteristics. Their destructive activity can start in stems and continue (or start) in felled timber. The effects of their activity are previously visible through the changes on elements of anatomical structure of wood.