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Fisheries and Aquatic Ecosystems Technical Report
Draft Fisheries and Aquatic Ecosystems Technical Report Shasta Lake Water Resources Investigation Prepared by: United States Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation Mid-Pacific Region U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation June 2013 Contents Contents Chapter 1 Affected Environment .................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 Environmental Setting ............................................................................................... 1-1 1.1.1 Aquatic Habitat ................................................................................................. 1-1 1.1.2 Fisheries Resources......................................................................................... 1-13 1.1.3 Aquatic Macroinvertebrates ............................................................................ 1-48 Chapter 2 Impact Assessment .......................................................................................... 2-1 Chapter 3 References ........................................................................................................ 3-1 3.1 Printed Sources .......................................................................................................... 3-1 3.2 Personal Communications ....................................................................................... 3-14 Tables Table 1-1. Fish Species Known to Occur in Primary Study Area ............................................. 1-13 Table 1-2. Central Valley Fish Species Potentially Affected -
Endangered Species
FEATURE: ENDANGERED SPECIES Conservation Status of Imperiled North American Freshwater and Diadromous Fishes ABSTRACT: This is the third compilation of imperiled (i.e., endangered, threatened, vulnerable) plus extinct freshwater and diadromous fishes of North America prepared by the American Fisheries Society’s Endangered Species Committee. Since the last revision in 1989, imperilment of inland fishes has increased substantially. This list includes 700 extant taxa representing 133 genera and 36 families, a 92% increase over the 364 listed in 1989. The increase reflects the addition of distinct populations, previously non-imperiled fishes, and recently described or discovered taxa. Approximately 39% of described fish species of the continent are imperiled. There are 230 vulnerable, 190 threatened, and 280 endangered extant taxa, and 61 taxa presumed extinct or extirpated from nature. Of those that were imperiled in 1989, most (89%) are the same or worse in conservation status; only 6% have improved in status, and 5% were delisted for various reasons. Habitat degradation and nonindigenous species are the main threats to at-risk fishes, many of which are restricted to small ranges. Documenting the diversity and status of rare fishes is a critical step in identifying and implementing appropriate actions necessary for their protection and management. Howard L. Jelks, Frank McCormick, Stephen J. Walsh, Joseph S. Nelson, Noel M. Burkhead, Steven P. Platania, Salvador Contreras-Balderas, Brady A. Porter, Edmundo Díaz-Pardo, Claude B. Renaud, Dean A. Hendrickson, Juan Jacobo Schmitter-Soto, John Lyons, Eric B. Taylor, and Nicholas E. Mandrak, Melvin L. Warren, Jr. Jelks, Walsh, and Burkhead are research McCormick is a biologist with the biologists with the U.S. -
1994 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals
The lUCN Species Survival Commission 1994 lUCN Red List of Threatened Animals Compiled by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre PADU - MGs COPY DO NOT REMOVE lUCN The World Conservation Union lo-^2^ 1994 lUCN Red List of Threatened Animals lUCN WORLD CONSERVATION Tile World Conservation Union species susvival commission monitoring centre WWF i Suftanate of Oman 1NYZ5 TTieWlLDUFE CONSERVATION SOCIET'' PEOPLE'S TRISr BirdLife 9h: KX ENIUNGMEDSPEaES INTERNATIONAL fdreningen Chicago Zoulog k.J SnuicTy lUCN - The World Conservation Union lUCN - The World Conservation Union brings together States, government agencies and a diverse range of non-governmental organisations in a unique world partnership: some 770 members in all, spread across 123 countries. - As a union, I UCN exists to serve its members to represent their views on the world stage and to provide them with the concepts, strategies and technical support they need to achieve their goals. Through its six Commissions, lUCN draws together over 5000 expert volunteers in project teams and action groups. A central secretariat coordinates the lUCN Programme and leads initiatives on the conservation and sustainable use of the world's biological diversity and the management of habitats and natural resources, as well as providing a range of services. The Union has helped many countries to prepare National Conservation Strategies, and demonstrates the application of its knowledge through the field projects it supervises. Operations are increasingly decentralised and are carried forward by an expanding network of regional and country offices, located principally in developing countries. I UCN - The World Conservation Union seeks above all to work with its members to achieve development that is sustainable and that provides a lasting Improvement in the quality of life for people all over the world. -
Bioenergetics Modeling to Assess Aquatic Invasive Species Trophic Impact
University of Windsor Scholarship at UWindsor Electronic Theses and Dissertations Theses, Dissertations, and Major Papers 11-7-2015 Bioenergetics modeling to assess aquatic invasive species trophic impact Nickolas John Kosmenko University of Windsor Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd Recommended Citation Kosmenko, Nickolas John, "Bioenergetics modeling to assess aquatic invasive species trophic impact" (2015). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 5511. https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/5511 This online database contains the full-text of PhD dissertations and Masters’ theses of University of Windsor students from 1954 forward. These documents are made available for personal study and research purposes only, in accordance with the Canadian Copyright Act and the Creative Commons license—CC BY-NC-ND (Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivative Works). Under this license, works must always be attributed to the copyright holder (original author), cannot be used for any commercial purposes, and may not be altered. Any other use would require the permission of the copyright holder. Students may inquire about withdrawing their dissertation and/or thesis from this database. For additional inquiries, please contact the repository administrator via email ([email protected]) or by telephone at 519-253-3000ext. 3208. BIOENERGETICS MODELING TO ASSESS AQUATIC INVASIVE SPECIES TROPHIC IMPACT by Nickolas Kosmenko A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies through the Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science at the University of Windsor Windsor, Ontario, Canada 2015 © 2015 Nickolas Kosmenko BIOENERGETICS MODELING TO ASSESS AQUATIC INVASIVE SPECIES TROPHIC IMPACT Nickolas Kosmenko APPROVED BY: Dr. -
Microsoft Outlook
Joey Steil From: Leslie Jordan <[email protected]> Sent: Tuesday, September 25, 2018 1:13 PM To: Angela Ruberto Subject: Potential Environmental Beneficial Users of Surface Water in Your GSA Attachments: Paso Basin - County of San Luis Obispo Groundwater Sustainabilit_detail.xls; Field_Descriptions.xlsx; Freshwater_Species_Data_Sources.xls; FW_Paper_PLOSONE.pdf; FW_Paper_PLOSONE_S1.pdf; FW_Paper_PLOSONE_S2.pdf; FW_Paper_PLOSONE_S3.pdf; FW_Paper_PLOSONE_S4.pdf CALIFORNIA WATER | GROUNDWATER To: GSAs We write to provide a starting point for addressing environmental beneficial users of surface water, as required under the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act (SGMA). SGMA seeks to achieve sustainability, which is defined as the absence of several undesirable results, including “depletions of interconnected surface water that have significant and unreasonable adverse impacts on beneficial users of surface water” (Water Code §10721). The Nature Conservancy (TNC) is a science-based, nonprofit organization with a mission to conserve the lands and waters on which all life depends. Like humans, plants and animals often rely on groundwater for survival, which is why TNC helped develop, and is now helping to implement, SGMA. Earlier this year, we launched the Groundwater Resource Hub, which is an online resource intended to help make it easier and cheaper to address environmental requirements under SGMA. As a first step in addressing when depletions might have an adverse impact, The Nature Conservancy recommends identifying the beneficial users of surface water, which include environmental users. This is a critical step, as it is impossible to define “significant and unreasonable adverse impacts” without knowing what is being impacted. To make this easy, we are providing this letter and the accompanying documents as the best available science on the freshwater species within the boundary of your groundwater sustainability agency (GSA). -
A List of Freshwater, Anadromous, and Euryhaline Fishes of California
CALIFORNIA FISH AND GAME California Fish and Game 86(4):244-258 2000 A LIST OF FRESHWATER, ANADROMOUS, AND EURYHALINE FISHES OF CALIFORNIA PETER B. MOYLE Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Conservation Biology University of California, Davis 1 Shields Avenue Davis, California 95616 e-mail: pbmoyle @ ucdavis.edu LIAM H. DAVIS California Department of Fish and Game 7329 Silverado Trail Yountville, California 94558 The freshwater fishes of California include 67 native resident or anadromous species, 53 non-native species, and 5 marine species that occur in fresh water, for a total of 125 species. Within these species, 100 taxa at lower levels (subspecies, Evolutionary Significant Units, runs of anadromous fish) are recognized. The number of freshwater fish species in California is increasing due to invasions of non-native fishes, which are becoming established at a rate of about 1 species every 3 years. Of the native fishes, 5 full species are extinct in California. Thus, the actual number of species maintaining populations in the state is 120. Of extant native species, 15 (22%) are threatened with extinction in the near future. Only 27 native species (40%) can be regarded as having secure populations. INTRODUCTION The fishes of California’s inland waters are a mixture of resident, anadromous, and euryhaline species, both native and non-native. The first attempt to compile a comprehensive list of these species was Evermann and Clark (1931), who listed 78 native species and 32 introduced species. Native species included an anomalous Pacific hagfish, Epatretus stouti, from the Eel River, 14 forms all now considered to be rainbow trout, and 18 other forms that are either no longer recognized as species or were mistakenly considered to be part of the California fish fauna. -
Conservation Status of Imperiled North American Freshwater And
FEATURE: ENDANGERED SPECIES Conservation Status of Imperiled North American Freshwater and Diadromous Fishes ABSTRACT: This is the third compilation of imperiled (i.e., endangered, threatened, vulnerable) plus extinct freshwater and diadromous fishes of North America prepared by the American Fisheries Society’s Endangered Species Committee. Since the last revision in 1989, imperilment of inland fishes has increased substantially. This list includes 700 extant taxa representing 133 genera and 36 families, a 92% increase over the 364 listed in 1989. The increase reflects the addition of distinct populations, previously non-imperiled fishes, and recently described or discovered taxa. Approximately 39% of described fish species of the continent are imperiled. There are 230 vulnerable, 190 threatened, and 280 endangered extant taxa, and 61 taxa presumed extinct or extirpated from nature. Of those that were imperiled in 1989, most (89%) are the same or worse in conservation status; only 6% have improved in status, and 5% were delisted for various reasons. Habitat degradation and nonindigenous species are the main threats to at-risk fishes, many of which are restricted to small ranges. Documenting the diversity and status of rare fishes is a critical step in identifying and implementing appropriate actions necessary for their protection and management. Howard L. Jelks, Frank McCormick, Stephen J. Walsh, Joseph S. Nelson, Noel M. Burkhead, Steven P. Platania, Salvador Contreras-Balderas, Brady A. Porter, Edmundo Díaz-Pardo, Claude B. Renaud, Dean A. Hendrickson, Juan Jacobo Schmitter-Soto, John Lyons, Eric B. Taylor, and Nicholas E. Mandrak, Melvin L. Warren, Jr. Jelks, Walsh, and Burkhead are research McCormick is a biologist with the biologists with the U.S. -
Seasonal Fish and Invertebrate Communities in Three Northern
SEASONAL FISH AND INVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES IN THREE NORTHERN CALIFORNIA ESTUARIES By Katherine Osborn A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of Humboldt State University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science in Natural Resources: Fisheries Committee Membership Dr. Timothy Mulligan, Committee Chair Dr. Andre Buchheister, Committee Member Dr. Darren Ward, Committee Member Dr. Frank Shaughnessy, Committee Member Dr. Alison O’Dowd, Graduate Coordinator December 2017 ABSTRACT SEASONAL FISH AND INVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES IN THREE NORTHERN CALIFORNIA ESTUARIES Katherine Osborn The majority of Northern California estuaries are small, flooded, river valleys that are largely unstudied due to their small sizes and remote locations. Yet these estuaries serve as important nursery areas for many marine fish species including rockfish, flatfish, smelt, and herring, and they are vital to anadromous species such as Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and Steelhead (O. mykiss). I sampled the summer and winter fish and invertebrate communities of the Big, Mad, and Ten Mile river estuaries. Fish were sampled via beach seine or fyke net and invertebrates were sampled via benthic cores, June 2014-June 2016. This research is part of a larger suite of studies establishing baseline conditions in Northern California Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). Big and Ten Mile river estuaries in Mendocino County were designated as MPAs in 2012. The Mad River Estuary in Humboldt County was selected as a non-MPA site to investigate its potential as a reference estuary. In the Mad River Estuary, additional sampling was conducted and a diet study was carried out on the feeding habits of two benthic fishes: Pacific Staghorn Sculpin (Leptocottus armatus) and English Sole (Parophrys vetulus). -
California's Freshwater Biodiversity
CALIFORNIA’S FRESHWATER BIODIVERSITY IN A CONTINENTAL CONTEXT Science for Conservation Technical Brief November 2009 Department of Conservation Science The Nature Conservancy, California Freshwater Biodiversity in California 2 California’s Freshwater Ecoregions in a Continental Context A Science for Conservation Technical Brief The Nature Conservancy, California The Freshwater Conservation Challenge Worldwide, freshwater species and habitats are, on average, more imperiled than their terrestrial or marine counterparts. In continental North America alone, 40% of freshwater fish are at risk of extinction or already extinct (Jelks et al. 2008). Despite concerns over the health of the world’s freshwater species and systems (Millennium Ecosystem Assessment 2005), there have been few attempts to systematically describe patterns of freshwater biodiversity on Earth. This is due in part to the lack of comprehensive, synthesized data on the distributions of freshwater species (Abell 2008). Without a robust biodiversity foundation, conservationists face challenges in setting freshwater protection priorities and agendas at the global, continental and regional scales. Freshwater Ecoregions of the World Project To fill this void, in 2008, World Wildlife Fund-US, The Nature Conservancy, and more than 130 scientists participated in the Freshwater Ecoregions of the World (FEOW) project. FEOW identified 426 freshwater ecoregions and provided information on freshwater biogeography and biodiversity; similar analyses exist for the terrestrial and marine realms. Until this effort, global biodiversity classification and planning efforts had been characterized using land-based parameters. FEOW is the first attempt to describe the world from a freshwater perspective. With this information, scientists and conservationists can more clearly compare freshwater biota and their conservation needs across large geographies. -
Phylogenetics of Freshwater Sculpin
Phylogenetics of Freshwater Sculpin Charlene Emerson Introduction. Reconciling observed genetic which are sequences derived from a common variation with evolutionary history is often a ancestor (Scotland 2010). Closely related daunting task. Phylogenetics is a method of individuals, populations, or species should study that is particularly well-suited to have fewer differences in the homologous addressing this task by combining the sequence when compared to the genes of measureable genetic variability of individuals, distantly related species (Lemey, Salemi & populations, or species with proposed Vandamme 2009). These differences in the evolutionary relationships and processes genetic sequence arise from the actions of (Barraclough & Nee 2001). Historically, several evolutionary mechanisms: mutation, phylogenetic trees have been generated using natural selection, genetic drift, and gene flow a single locus approach, where variation (Hartl 1981). Genomic differences arising within a single gene is used to create a from these mechanisms are often the basis for phylogenetic gene tree. However, this single phylogenetic analysis (Davis & Nixon 1992). gene method may fail to account for the full In the presence of these processes, frequency variation across a genome. of genetic alleles1 will vary and a population Shortcomings of the single locus approach will experience evolutionary change (Nei, are most apparent in complex organisms, such Maruyama & Chakraborty 1975). as the freshwater sculpin (genus Cottus). Mutations, or changes in genomic Freshwater sculpin exhibit highly ambiguous sequence which often occur spontaneously, morphology, as well as wide and overlapping are propagated or eliminated by the action of distributions – resulting in considerable natural selection. If a mutation is deleterious difficulty in species classification (Moyle to a species, natural selection causes it to be 2002). -
Phylum: Chordata
Phylum: Chordata All animals in the phylum Chordata possess four anatomical features at some point in their lifecycle. Those features include: • Notochord • Muscle attachment • Hollow dorsal nerve cord • Nerve signal transmission • Pharyngeal slits • Various functions • Post-anal tail • Movement Three Chordata subphyla: • Urochordata • Cephalochordata • Vertebrata 1 Subphylum: Urochordata The tunicates or sea squirts contain only the pharyngeal slits as an adult. They are usually sessile and use the pharynx for filter feeding. They are considered to be the closest relative to vertebrates. 2 Subphylum: Cephalochordata The lancelets contain all four chordate characteristics as an adult. They are usually found buried in the sand off our coast. 3 Subphylum: Vertebrata The vertebrates are animals with backbones and internal skeletons of made of cartilage or bone. They contain all four chordate characteristics as an adult with some modifications. They are free-living animals that diverged from other chordates approximately 500 mya (Cambrian). 4 What is a Fish? “Fish” are aquatic chordates with appendages developed as fins (when present), whose chief respiratory organ are gills and whose body is usually covered in scales. More than 27,900 fish species have been described, which is more than the number of birds, reptiles and mammals combined. There are the four major living groups of fish: Jawless fish Cartilaginous Fish Lobe-finned Fish Ray-finned Fish 5 Fish Scales Anterior Placoid Although most fishes have scales, the major groups of fish very in the types of scales the possess. Jawless fish lack scales, Ganoid cartilaginous fish have placoid scales, lobe-finned fish have ganoid scales and ray-finned fish have ctenoid and cycloid Ctenoid scales. -
NRSA 2013/14 Field Operations Manual Appendices (Pdf)
National Rivers and Streams Assessment 2013/14 Field Operations Manual Version 1.1, April 2013 Appendix A: Equipment & Supplies Appendix Equipment A: & Supplies A-1 National Rivers and Streams Assessment 2013/14 Field Operations Manual Version 1.1, April 2013 pendix Equipment A: & Supplies Ap A-2 National Rivers and Streams Assessment 2013/14 Field Operations Manual Version 1.1, April 2013 Base Kit: A Base Kit will be provided to the field crews for all sampling sites that they will go to. Some items are sent in the base kit as extra supplies to be used as needed. Item Quantity Protocol Antibiotic Salve 1 Fish plug Centrifuge tube stand 1 Chlorophyll A Centrifuge tubes (screw-top, 50-mL) (extras) 5 Chlorophyll A Periphyton Clinometer 1 Physical Habitat CST Berger SAL 20 Automatic Level 1 Physical Habitat Delimiter – 12 cm2 area 1 Periphyton Densiometer - Convex spherical (modified with taped V) 1 Physical Habitat D-frame Kick Net (500 µm mesh, 52” handle) 1 Benthics Filteration flask (with silicone stopped and adapter) 1 Enterococci, Chlorophyll A, Periphyton Fish weigh scale(s) 1 Fish plug Fish Voucher supplies 1 pack Fish Voucher Foil squares (aluminum, 3x6”) 1 pack Chlorophyll A Periphyton Gloves (nitrile) 1 box General Graduated cylinder (25 mL) 1 Periphyton Graduated cylinder (250 mL) 1 Chlorophyll A, Periphyton HDPE bottle (1 L, white, wide-mouth) (extras) 12 Benthics, Fish Vouchers HDPE bottle (500 mL, white, wide-mouth) with graduations 1 Periphyton Laboratory pipette bulb 1 Fish Plug Microcentrifuge tubes containing glass beads