DOCSLIB.ORG

Charsadda, Pakistan

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Charsadda, Pakistan Charsadda, Pakistan Local progress report on the implementation of the 10 Essentials for Making Cities Resilient (First Cycle) Name of focal point: Habib Mughal Organization: UN-HABITAT - Pakistan Title/Position: Manager E-mail address: [email protected] Telephone: 00923009115804 Reporting period: First Cycle (2011-2013) Last updated on: 19 March 2013 Print date: 06 May 2013 Reporting language: English A Local HFA Monitor update published by PreventionWeb http://www.preventionweb.net/english/hyogo/progress/reports/ First cycle of Local HFA (2011-2013) 1/22 Essential 1 Put in place organization and coordination to understand and reduce disaster risk, based on participation of citizen groups and civil society. Build local alliances. Ensure that all departments understand their role to disaster risk reduction and preparedness. How well are local organizations (including local government) equipped with capacities (knowledge, experience, official mandate) for disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation? Level of Progress achieved: 2 Description of Progress & Achievements: Local Government need appropriate coordination, skills and knowledge. To what extent do partnerships exist between communities, private sector and local authorities to reduce risk? Level of Progress achieved: 2 Description of Progress & Achievements: DRR policies and decisions have been taken by higher authorities without participation of local communities. How much does the local government support vulnerable local communities (particularly women, elderly, infirmed, children) to actively participate in risk reduction decision-making, policy making, planning and implementation processes? Level of Progress achieved: 3 Description of Progress & Achievements: First cycle of Local HFA (2011-2013) 2/22 Armed Forces' logistic capacity, has led the response to the disaster with the deployment of preparedness, rescue and relief actions. Hundreds of thousands have been rescued or preventively evacuated from riverine areas. In light of the devastation caused by the floods and the ongoing threat to lives and livelihoods, the Government (through its National Disaster Management Authority) requested the United Nations agencies and the humanitarian community to prepare an initial floods emergency response plan. To what extent does the local government participate in the national DRR planning? Level of Progress achieved: 3 Description of Progress & Achievements: District Disaster Management Officers (DDMO) was found over burdened and could not give expected time (because DDRM was an additional charge with him.) There is an information system flow from District to Community and Community to District Administration while only in emergency First cycle of Local HFA (2011-2013) 3/22 Essential 2 Assign a budget for disaster risk reduction and provide incentives for homeowners, low-income families, communities, businesses and public sector to invest in reducing the risks they face. How far does the local government have access to adequate financial resources to carry out risk reduction activities? Level of Progress achieved: 3 Description of Progress & Achievements: There is a spirit to access availability of financial resources. PDMA is a newly established authority trying to take some initiatives but it is focused on a centralized effort. It did not have any access to information related with DRR and Climate change. The corporate sector was identified as the most vulnerable economic sector in case of any disasters. To what degree does the local government allocate sufficient financial resources to carry out DRR activities, including effective disaster response and recovery? Level of Progress achieved: 3 Description of Progress & Achievements: Though disaster assessments were not done, some measures were taken by the PDMA but that hazard mapping of whole city is required. Disaster Risk assessments data was not updated. What is the scope of financial services (e.g. saving and credit schemes, macro and micro-insurance) available to vulnerable and marginalised households for pre- disaster times? First cycle of Local HFA (2011-2013) 4/22 Level of Progress achieved: 2 Description of Progress & Achievements: Micro financed cash soft loan packages/schemes should be introduced in the best interest of the local community. Some NGO’s introduce schemes and private bank also introduced some packages To what extent are micro finance, cash aid, soft loans, lone guarantees etc available to affected households after disasters to restart livelihoods? Level of Progress achieved: 3 Description of Progress & Achievements: Micro financed cash soft loan packages/schemes should be introduced in the best interest of the local community. Some NGO’s introduce schemes and private bank also introduced some package How well established are economic incentives for investing in disaster risk reduction for households and businesses (e.g. reduced insurance premiums for households, tax holidays for businesses)? Level of Progress achieved: 2 Description of Progress & Achievements: Presently there is no scheme introduced by the Government or Private Sector i.e. Banks, NGO’s etc.. To what extent do local business associations, such as chambers of commerce and similar, support efforts of small enterprises for business continuity during and after disasters? First cycle of Local HFA (2011-2013) 5/22 Level of Progress achieved: 1 Description of Progress & Achievements: Micro financed cash soft loan packages/schemes should be introduced in the best interest of the local community. Some NGO’s introduce schemes and private bank also introduced some package First cycle of Local HFA (2011-2013) 6/22 Essential 3 Maintain up-to-date data on hazards and vulnerabilities, prepare risk assessments and use these as the basis for urban development plans and decisions. Ensure that this information and the plans for your city's resilience are readily available to the public and fully discussed with them. To what degree does the local government conducted thorough disaster risk assessments for key vulnerable development sectors in your local authority? Level of Progress achieved: 3 Description of Progress & Achievements: Through disaster assessments were not done. Some measures were taken by PDMA but that hazard mapping of the whole city is required. Disaster Risk assessment data was not updated. PDMA is a newly established authority trying to take some initiatives but it was focused on a centralized effort. There is no access to information related with DRR and Climate change. The corporate sector was identified as the most vulnerable economic sector in case of any disasters. To what extent are these risk assessments regularly updated, e.g. annually or on a bi-annual basis? Level of Progress achieved: 3 Description of Progress & Achievements: no details available How regularly does the local government communicate to the community, information on local hazard trends and risk reduction measures (e.g. using a Risk Communications Plan) including early warnings of likely hazard impact? First cycle of Local HFA (2011-2013) 7/22 Level of Progress achieved: 3 Description of Progress & Achievements: no details available How well are local government risk assessments linked to, and supportive of, risk assessments from neighbouring local authorities and state or provincial government risk management plans? Level of Progress achieved: 3 Description of Progress & Achievements: no details available How well are disaster risk assessments incorporated into all relevant local development planning on a consistent basis? Level of Progress achieved: 3 Description of Progress & Achievements: Flood threat from Adezai, Swat River and Jindi River. River Jindi covered Rajar and Charsada city while Swat River covered the Sirdaryab region. The city is itself on risk while, after a disaster the population always flees towards a city rendering the city even more vulnerable to not being able to cope with the impact of a disaster. First cycle of Local HFA (2011-2013) 8/22 Essential 4 Invest in and maintain critical infrastructure that reduces risk, such as flood drainage, adjusted where needed to cope with climate change. How far do land use policies and planning regulations for housing and development infrastructure take current and projected disaster risk (including climate related risks) into account? Level of Progress achieved: 1 Housing No Communication No Transportation No Energy No Description of Progress & Achievements: After the 2005 earthquake some steps have been taken and people are also conscious but need to stress the implementation of building codes and monitoring channels must be improved. Hazard mapping of the area is not done. Normally the monsoon arrives in first or second weeks of June. During the monsoons, riverine floods occur originating from the river Kabul, Swat and Indus and impact the districts of central and western KP, while flash floods also occur astride these rivers, sometimes resulting in colossal losses. River Swat merges into Kabul River at Munda to flow through the densely populated Peshawar Valley, comprising of Charsada, Nowshera, Mardan and Swabi districts How adequately are critical public facilities and infrastructure located in high risk areas assessed for all hazard risks and safety? Level of Progress achieved: 2 Description of Progress & Achievements: First cycle of Local HFA (2011-2013) 9/22 no details available How adequate are the measures that are being undertaken to protect critical public
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Integrated Water Resources Management Through Efficient Reservoir Operation in Swat River Basin, Pakistan
    INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT THROUGH EFFICIENT RESERVOIR OPERATION IN SWAT RIVER BASIN, PAKISTAN Saqib Jahangir 1 Supervisors: Toshio Koike 2 MEE17733 Mohamed Rasmy 3 Yoshito Kikumori 3 Maksym Gusyev 4 ABSTRACT Pakistan receives approximately 80% of water through glacier/snowmelt of Himalayan and Hindukush ranges. Country faces alternate high floods in summer due to monsoon precipitations combined with accelerated glacier/snowmelt while agriculture droughts in winters due to insufficient water storage. Rainfall and snowmelt runoff modelling was performed in Swat River Basin considering degree day method for efficient reservoir operation to mitigate floods/droughts, water scarcity and energy crisis in the country. The proposed strategy considered environmental flows, existing irrigation requirements, proposed irrigation and municipal water supply requirements and hydropower generation in the order of priority of releases from reservoir besides conserving the flood water to carry over it for drought periods. Implementation of Integrated Water Resource Management policies like water conservation, crop substitution, rainwater harvesting, high efficiency irrigation systems, recycling of effluents and desalination of sea water remain the final solution to overcome the challenges of water scarcity, floods and drought mitigation. Keywords: Snowmelt, DDF, Reservoir Operation, IWRM INTRODUCTION “Pakistan suffers from Floods in summer and Droughts in winter” Pakistan possesses water resources of all kind including the groundwater, precipitations and glaciers. Country receives water mostly in summer from May to September. The main source of inflow in whole Indus Basin is glacier/snowmelt which is approximately 80% of the total inflow received during the whole year (Young and Hewitt, 1990). Pakistani rivers receive an average water inflow of 170.195 Billion Cubic Meter (BCM) annually.
    [Show full text]
  • Khyber Pakhtunkhwa - Daily Flood Report Date (29 09 2011)
    Khyber Pakhtunkhwa - Daily Flood Report Date (29 09 2011) SWAT RIVER Boundary 14000 Out Flow (Cusecs) 12000 International 10000 8000 1 3 5 Provincial/FATA 6000 2 1 0 8 7 0 4000 7 2 4 0 0 2 0 3 6 2000 5 District/Agency 4 4 Chitral 0 Gilgit-Baltistan )" Gauge Location r ive Swat River l R itra Ch Kabul River Indus River KABUL RIVER 12000 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Kurram River 10000 Out Flow (Cusecs) Kohistan 8000 Swat 0 Dir Upper Nelam River 0 0 Afghanistan 6000 r 2 0 e 0 v 0 i 1 9 4000 4 6 0 R # 9 9 5 2 2 3 6 a Dam r 3 1 3 7 0 7 3 2000 o 0 0 4 3 7 3 1 1 1 k j n ") $1 0 a Headworks P r e iv Shangla Dir L")ower R t a ¥ Barrage w Battagram S " Man")sehra Lake ") r $1 Amandara e v Palai i R Malakand # r r i e a n Buner iv h J a R n ") i p n Munda n l a u Disputed Areas a r d i S K i K ") K INDUS RIVER $1 h Mardan ia ") ") 100000 li ") Warsak Adezai ") Tarbela Out Flow (Cusecs) ") 80000 ") C")harsada # ") # Map Doc Name: 0 Naguman ") ") Swabi Abbottabad 60000 0 0 Budni ") Haripur iMMAP_PAK_KP Daily Flood Report_v01_29092011 0 0 ") 2 #Ghazi 1 40000 3 Peshawar Kabal River 9 ") r 5 wa 0 0 7 4 7 Kh 6 7 1 6 a 20000 ar Nowshera ") Khanpur r Creation Date: 29-09-2011 6 4 5 4 5 B e Riv AJK ro Projection/Datum: GCS_WGS_1984/ D_WGS_1984 0 Ghazi 2 ") #Ha # Web Resources: http://www.immap.org Isamabad Nominal Scale at A4 paper size: 1:3,500,000 #") FATA r 0 25 50 100 Kilometers Tanda e iv Kohat Kohat Toi R s Hangu u d ") In K ai Map data source(s): tu Riv ") er Punjab Hydrology Irrigation Division Peshawar Gov: KP Kurram Garhi Karak Flood Cell , UNOCHA RIVER $1") Baran " Disclaimers: KURRAM RIVER G a m ") The designations employed and the presentation of b e ¥ Kalabagh 600 Bannu la material on this map do not imply the expression of any R K Out Flow (Cusecs) iv u e r opinion whatsoever on the part of the NDMA, PDMA or r ra m iMMAP concerning the legal status of any country, R ") iv ") e K territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning 400 r h ") ia the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
    [Show full text]
  • Interaction with Japanese Enterprises Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
    Interaction with Japanese Enterprises Khyber Pakhtunkhwa The Land of Growing Opportunities by KP-BOIT Japanese Companies in Pakistan Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is spread over an Area of 97,632 SqKm having population of 35.5 million The Province has thirty four (34) Districts and Seven (07) Divisions https://www.facebook.com/KPBOIT/ [email protected] https://www.facebook.com/KPBOIT/ Khyber Pakhtunkhwa KP is a gateway to Central Asia linked with People Republic of China GDP contribution is Rs. 1.3 Trillion registering 10.10% of total GDP Per Capita Income of KP is Rs. 1,19,000 per annum Population of KP is 35.5 Million https://www.facebook.com/KPBOIT/ [email protected] https://www.facebook.com/KPBOIT/ About KP-BOIT? Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (GoKP) has established Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Board of Investment and Trade (KP-BOIT) to help in creating an enabling environment and to achieve economic prosperity and growth by attracting local as well as foreign investment in the Province KP-BOIT aims to flourish and revive the investment climate of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and turn it into a lucrative investment friendly destination, by providing one-window operation by proactively engaging with all the stakeholders Act as a bridge between investors and all the Government Departments and organizations in order to facilitate timely decision making https://www.facebook.com/KPBOIT/ [email protected] https://www.facebook.com/KPBOIT/ KP-BOIT - Focal Point for Ease of Doing Business (EoDB) Key Investment Sectors in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Mine & Mineral Tourism Hydel & Renewable energy Services Sector including IT Agriculture & livestock Medical & Health care Labour Intensive Industry Infrastructure & Housing Education and vocational training https://www.facebook.com/KPBOIT/ [email protected] https://www.facebook.com/KPBOIT/ Oil & Resources Gas Agriculture Gemstone Resource Natural Gas Base > 7.5 mn tons / year >70 mn Carets est.
    [Show full text]
  • Buddhist Sculptures of Malakand Collection: Its History, Analysis and Classification
    106 Ancient Punjab – Volume 7, 2019 BUDDHIST SCULPTURES OF MALAKAND COLLECTION: ITS HISTORY, ANALYSIS AND CLASSIFICATION Amjad Pervaiz, Nafees Ahmad & Rizwan Nadeem ABSTRACT This study is about the selected sculptures of the Malakand collection, which delineate salient and conspicuous features of the Gandhāra Art. This collection has historical importance and shows diversification of different postures and actions. These sculptures represent the traditions and practices of Buddhism in Gandhāra and they portray the standard of art, the soul and spirit of the followers and artists. Basis of classifying sculptures is established on the confined and distinctive analysis and material of stone used in making the sculptures. To establish the chronology and to specify the exact area of origin, the sculptures were extensively and exhaustively studied from the viewpoint of Zonal Workshops. While observing the quality and style of the art along with material used for making the sculptures it becomes clear that the artist paid attention to the socio-economic and religious conditions of the time in his mind. Methodology used for research of the present study is based on descriptive as well as analytical approach. The architectural elements like Persepolitan and Corinthian pillars are still present and observed in the villages of Malakand and different parts of Gandhāra region. Keywords: Sculpures of Malakand, Gandhara Art, Buddhism, artists, stylistic analysis, socio-economic, religious condition, carving, architectural. INTRODUCTION Indian Sub-Continent has been the core of rich cultural heritage and the abode of civilization of the Indus valley. The researchers in archaeology, art, anthropology and history have brought out important information about developments that took place over the millennia.
    [Show full text]
  • Gandharan Sculptures in the Peshawar Museum (Life Story of Buddha)
    Gandharan Sculptures in the Peshawar Museum (Life Story of Buddha) Ihsan Ali Muhammad Naeem Qazi Hazara University Mansehra NWFP – Pakistan 2008 Uploaded by [email protected] © Copy Rights reserved in favour of Hazara University, Mansehra, NWFP – Pakistan Editors: Ihsan Ali* Muhammad Naeem Qazi** Price: US $ 20/- Title: Gandharan Sculptures in the Peshawar Museum (Life Story of Buddha) Frontispiece: Buddha Visiting Kashyapa Printed at: Khyber Printers, Small Industrial Estate, Kohat Road, Peshawar – Pakistan. Tel: (++92-91) 2325196 Fax: (++92-91) 5272407 E-mail: [email protected] Correspondence Address: Hazara University, Mansehra, NWFP – Pakistan Website: hu.edu.pk E-mail: [email protected] * Professor, Department of Archaeology, University of Peshawar, Currently Vice Chancellor, Hazara University, Mansehra, NWFP – Pakistan ** Assistant Professor, Department of Archaeology, University of Peshawar, Pakistan CONTRIBUTORS 1. Prof. Dr. Ihsan Ali, Vice Chancellor Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan 2. Muhammad Naeem Qazi, Assistant Professor, Department of Archaeology, University of Peshawar, Pakistan 3. Ihsanullah Jan, Lecturer, Department of Cultural Heritage & Tourism Management, Hazara University 4. Muhammad Ashfaq, University Museum, Hazara University 5. Syed Ayaz Ali Shah, Department of Archaeology, University of Peshawar, Pakistan 6. Abdul Hameed Chitrali, Lecturer, Department of Cultural Heritage & Tourism Management, Hazara University 7. Muhammad Imran Khan, Archaeologist, Charsadda, Pakistan 8. Muhammad Haroon, Archaeologist, Mardan, Pakistan III ABBREVIATIONS A.D.F.C. Archaeology Department, Frontier Circle A.S.I. Archaeological Survery of India A.S.I.A.R. Archaeological Survery of India, Annual Report D.G.A. Director General of Archaeology E.G.A.C. Exhibition of the German Art Council I.G.P. Inspector General Police IsMEO Instituto Italiano Per il Medio ed Estremo Oriente P.M.
    [Show full text]
  • Forestry in the Princely State of Swat and Kalam (North-West Pakistan)
    Forestry in the Princely State of Swat and Kalam (North-West Pakistan) A Historical Perspective on Norms and Practices IP6 Working Paper No.6 Sultan-i-Rome, Ph.D. 2005 Forestry in the Princely State of Swat and Kalam (North-West Pakistan) A Historical Perspective on Norms and Practices IP6 Working Paper No.6 Sultan-i-Rome, Ph.D. 2005 The Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) North-South is based on a network of partnerships with research institutions in the South and East, focusing on the analysis and mitigation of syndromes of global change and globalisation. Its sub-group named IP6 focuses on institutional change and livelihood strategies: State policies as well as other regional and international institutions – which are exposed to and embedded in national economies and processes of globalisation and global change – have an impact on local people's livelihood practices and strategies as well as on institutions developed by the people themselves. On the other hand, these institutionally shaped livelihood activities have an impact on livelihood outcomes and the sustainability of resource use. Understanding how the micro- and macro-levels of this institutional context interact is of vital importance for developing sustainable local natural resource management as well as supporting local livelihoods. For an update of IP6 activities see http://www.nccr-north-south.unibe.ch (>Individual Projects > IP6) The IP6 Working Paper Series presents preliminary research emerging from IP6 for discussion and critical comment. Author Sultan-i-Rome, Ph.D. Village & Post Office Hazara, Tahsil Kabal, Swat–19201, Pakistan e-mail: [email protected] Distribution A Downloadable pdf version is availale at www.nccr- north-south.unibe.ch (-> publications) Cover Photo The Swat Valley with Mingawara, and Upper Swat in the background (photo Urs Geiser) All rights reserved with the author.
    [Show full text]
  • World Bank Document
    Document of TheWorld Bank FILECOPY FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Public Disclosure Authorized Report No. 217 9a-PAK Public Disclosure Authorized STAEF APPRAISAL REPORT PAKISTAN SALINITY CONTROL AND RECLAMATION PROJECT (SCARP) MARDAN Public Disclosure Authorized January ll, 1979 Public Disclosure Authorized South Asia Projects Department Agriculture Division A This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performanc2 of their oflicial duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS .US$1 = Rs 9.9 Rs 1 = US$0.10 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES English/US Units Metric Units 1 foot (ft) = 30.5 centimeters (cm) 1 yard (yd) = 0.915 meters (m) 1 mile (mi) = 1.609 kilometers (km) 1 canal mile = 1.524 kilometers 1 acre (ac) = 0.405 hectare (ha) 1 square mile (sq mi) = 259 ha 3 1 cubic ft (cu ft) = 0.028 cjbic meters (m ) 1 cubic yd (cu yd) = 0.765 m 1 acre-foot (ac-ft) = 1,233 mn3 1 cu ft/sec (cusec) = 0.028 m /sec 1 pound (lb) = 0.454 kilograms (kg) 1 long ton (lg ton) = 1,016 kg (1.016 metric tons) Pakistani Units English Units Metric Units 1 maund (md) = 82.3 lb (.0367 lg ton) 37.3 kg (.0373 m tons) 26.8 mds 2,205 lbs - 1.0 metric ton 27.2 mds 1.0 lg ton (2,240 lbs) 1,016 kg FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY PRINCIPAL ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMSUSED AA - Agricultural Assistant ADA - Agricultural Development Authority ADBP - Agricultural Development Bank of Pakistan AHO - Assistant Horticultural Officer APPO - Assistant Plant Protection Officer BCU - Basic Credit Units CCA -
    [Show full text]
  • Investigation of Isotopes and Hydrological Processes in Indus River System, Pakistan
    PINSTECH- 215 INVESTIGATION OF ISOTOPES AND HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES IN INDUS RIVER SYSTEM, PAKISTAN Manzoor Ahmad Zahid Latif Jamil Ahmad Tariq Waheed Akram Muhammad Rafique . Isotope Application Division Directorate of Technology Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology P.O. Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan November, 2009 ABSTRACT Indus River, one of the longest rivers in the World, has five major eastern tributaries viz. Bias, Sutlej, Ravi, Chenab and Jhelum) while many small rivers join it from the right side among which Kabul River is the biggest with its main tributaries, the Swat, Panjkora and Kunar. All these main rivers are perennial and originate from the mountains. Basic sources of these rivers are snowmelt, rainfall and under certain conditions seepage from the formations. Different water sources are labeled with different isotope signatures which are used as fingerprints for identifying source and movement of water, geochemical and/or hydrological processes, and dynamics (age of water). Monitoring of isotopes in rivers can also enhance understanding of the water cycle of large river basins and to assess impacts of environmental and climatic changes on the water cycle. Therefore, a national network of suitable stations was established for isotopic monitoring of river waters in Indus Basin with specific objectives to study temporal variations of isotopes (2H, 18O and 3H), understand water cycles and hydrological processes in the catchments of these rivers, and to develop comprehensive database to support future isotope-based groundwater studies in the basin on recharge mechanism, water balance and monitoring of ongoing environmental changes. Water samples were collected during 2002-2006 on monthly basis from more than 20 stations at the major rivers and analyzed for 18O, 2H and 3H isotopes.
    [Show full text]
  • Pollution and the Kabul River an Analysis and Action Plan This Report Is Dedicated to the Memory of Trevor Headley Porter
    IUCN Pakistan Programme Pollution and the Kabul River An Analysis and Action Plan This report is dedicated to the memory of Trevor Headley Porter Department of Environmental Planning and Management Peshawar University Peshawar and IUCN–The World Conservation Union, Pakistan IUCN - SPCS Unit Planning, Environment & Development Department Civil Secretariat, Peshawar. December 1994 Printed in Pakistan by PAGEMAKER Printers, Islamabad. Ph. 224900-01 Contents ACKNOWLEDGMENTS v PREFACE vii ABBREVIATIONS ix EXECUTIVE SUMMARY xi 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Background 1 1.2 Objectives 1 1.3 Methodology 2 1.4 Guidance to the Reader 2 2. DESCRIPTION OF THE KABUL RIVER 3 2.1 Origin and Course 3 2.2 Hydrological Characteristics 3 2.3 Geology 3 2.4 Aquatic Ecology 5 2.5 Human Population 5 2.6 Agriculture 6 2.7 Industry 6 2.8 Principal Uses of the River Water 6 2.9 The Study Area 8 3. CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MAIN RIVER 9 3.1 Introduction 9 3.2 Methods 9 3.3 General Results 13 3.4 Water Quality Characteristics of the Main River 14 3.5 Tributaries 28 3.6 Conclusions 31 4. THE POLLUTING EFFLUENTS 32 4.1 Introduction 32 4.2 Methods 33 4.3 Results 33 4.4 Conclusions 42 5. SOCIAL SURVEY AND PARTICIPATORY RURAL APPRAISAL 45 5.1 Introduction 45 5.2 Methods 45 5.3 Results 45 5.4 Discussion 49 5.5 An Additional Source of Data - a Sample Participatory Rural Appraisal 51 6. TOWARDS AN ACTION PLAN 53 6.1 How Polluted is the Kabul River? 53 6.2 The Effect of Pollution on People 59 7.
    [Show full text]
  • World Bank Document
    The World Bank Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Hydropower and Renewable Energy Development (P163461) Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Combined Project Information Documents / Integrated Safeguards Datasheet (PID/ISDS) Appraisal Stage | Date Prepared/Updated: 05-Feb-2020 | Report No: PIDISDSA28695 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Feb 05, 2020 Page 1 of 24 The World Bank Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Hydropower and Renewable Energy Development (P163461) BASIC INFORMATION OPS_TABLE_BASIC_DATA A. Basic Project Data Country Project ID Project Name Parent Project ID (if any) Pakistan P163461 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Hydropower and Renewable Energy Development Region Estimated Appraisal Date Estimated Board Date Practice Area (Lead) SOUTH ASIA 14-Feb-2020 30-Apr-2020 Energy & Extractives Financing Instrument Borrower(s) Implementing Agency Investment Project Financing The Islamic Republic of Pakhtunkhwa Energy Pakistan Development Organization, Energy and Power Department, Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Proposed Development Objective(s) Increase renewable energy generation and strengthen the capacity of associated institutions in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Components Development of Hydropower and Renewable Energy Projects Institutional Strengthening and Energy Sector Development Environment and Social Management Project Implementation Support and Technical Assistance PROJECT FINANCING DATA (US$, Millions) SUMMARY-NewFin1 Total Project Cost 782.00 Total Financing 782.00 of which IBRD/IDA 425.00 Financing Gap 0.00 Feb 05, 2020 Page
    [Show full text]
  • Another Visit to Gandhara Were to Spend the Next Four Days
    Back to the Past: Grand Trunk Road, where we Another Visit to Gandhara were to spend the next four days. Peshawar is an infinitely by Professor Richard Salomon fascinating city, with a reputation for cultural richness as well as for cabinets filled with dazzling gold n a previous article in Asia Notes intrigue and even danger. Ever ornaments. Turn—or rather, be I(Vol. 2.1, 1996-7), I described since it become the capital of the swept around—a corner, and you my previous tour through northern great Indo-Central Asian Kushana find yourself in the fish market, Pakistan, in the region known in dynasty under the emperor Kanish- with row upon row of vendors ancient times as Gandhara, which I ka nearly two thousand years ago, it calling out and beckoning to you to took with Jason Neelis, one of the has stood at what is sometimes sample their dozens of species of Department of Asian Languages called the “crossroads of Asia,” river fish from the Indus. In the and Literature’s graduate students. serving as the point of entry and next alley, cooks are stewing pun- In October 2000 I had the opportu- encounter for pilgrims, traders, gent curries in enormous smoke- nity to return to Pakistan with an- immigrants and invaders from blackened bubbling cauldrons. On other graduate student, Andrew Afghanistan, Iran, China, and from and on it goes, through the narrow Glass, to revisit some of the same the western world. Though in re- streets and alleys, fronted by old- places as well as to see some new cent years it has been overwhelmed fashioned houses with ornately ones.
    [Show full text]
  • The Dynamics of Public Perceptions and Climate Change in Swat Valley, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
    sustainability Article The Dynamics of Public Perceptions and Climate Change in Swat Valley, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan Muhammad Suleman Bacha 1 , Muhammad Muhammad 2,3 , Zeyneb Kılıç 4,* and Muhammad Nafees 1 1 Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan; [email protected] (M.S.B.); [email protected] (M.N.) 2 Department of Urban and Regional Planning, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan; [email protected] 3 Urban Policy and Planning Unit, Planning and Development Department, Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan 4 Department of Civil Engineering, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman 02040, Turkey * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +90-5538135664 Abstract: With rising temperatures, developing countries are exposed to the horrors of climate change more than ever. The poor infrastructure and low adaptation capabilities of these nations are the prime concern of current studies. Pakistan is vulnerable to climate-induced hazards including floods, droughts, water shortages, shifts in weather patterns, loss of biodiversity, melting of glaciers, and more in the coming years. For marginal societies dependent on natural resources, adaptation becomes a challenge and the utmost priority. Within the above context, this study was designed to fill the existing research gap concerning public knowledge of climate vulnerabilities and respective adaptation strategies in the northern Hindukush–Himalayan region of Pakistan. Using the stratified sampling technique, 25 union councils (wards) were selected from the nine tehsils (sub-districts) of Citation: Bacha, M.S.; Muhammad, M.; the study area. Using the quantitative method approach, structured questionnaires were employed Kılıç, Z.; Nafees, M. The Dynamics of to collect data from 396 respondents.
    [Show full text]