New Coastal Text
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Dreftadaeth yr Arfordir Gofalu am Gofalu Coastal Heritage Caring for Caring Cadw: Welsh Historic Monuments Adeilad y Goron Parc Cathays Caerdydd CF1 3NQ Cadw: Welsh Historic Monuments CADW Crown Building WELSH HISTORIC MONUMENTS Cathays Park gydag with Cardiff CF1 3NQ Ymddiriedolaethau the Welsh Archeolegol Archaeological Cymru Trusts Gofalu am Dreftadaeth yr Arfordir Caring for Coastal Heritage CADW WELSH HISTORIC MONUMENTS gydag with Ymddiriedolaethau the Welsh Archeolegol Archaeological Cymru Trusts Beth yw treftadaeth arfordirol a ble y gellir dod o hyd iddo? What does coastal heritage consist of and where is it found? O dan lefel dwˆ r isel Tir a adenillwyd Below low water mark Reclaimed land Llongddrylliadau cyn hanes i fodern Aneddiadau Rhufeinig i fodern Shipwrecks prehistoric to modern Settlements Roman to modern Arteffactau cyn hanes i fodern Eglwysi, capeli, safleoedd claddu canoloesol i fodern Artefacts prehistoric to modern Churches, chapels, burial sites medieval to modern Amddiffynfeydd morwrol Rhufeinig i fodern Sea defences Roman to modern Cylchfa Rhynglanwol Amddiffynfeydd milwrol canoloesol i fodern Intertidal zone Military defences medieval to modern Llongddrylliadau cyn hanes i fodern Tirweddau hanesyddol canoloesol i fodern Shipwrecks prehistoric to modern Historic landscapes medieval to modern Trapiau pysgod canoloesol i fodern Arteffactau Rhufeinig i fodern Fish traps medieval to modern Artefacts Roman to modern Aneddiadau cyn hanes Settlements prehistoric Arteffactau cyn hanes i fodern Ymylon clogwyni Artefacts prehistoric to modern Cliff edge Porthladdoedd, ceiau a glanfeydd canoloesol i fodern Caerau o’r Oes Haearn Oes yr Haearn Harbours, quays and wharves medieval to modern Iron Age forts Iron Age Amddiffynfeydd milwrol modern Arteffactau cyn hanes i fodern Miltary defences modern Artefacts prehistoric to modern Preswyliad mewn ogof cyn hanes i ganoloesol Cave occupation prehistoric to medieval Wedi eu claddu o dan lifwaddodion a’r tirlun modern Amddiffynfeydd milwrol canoloesol i fodern Buried beneath alluvium and the modern landscape Military defences medieval to modern Aneddleoedd cyn hanes i fodern Aneddiadau cyn hanes i fodern Settlements prehistoric to modern Settlements prehistoric to modern Arteffactau cyn hanes i fodern Eglwysi, capeli, safleoedd claddu canoloesol i fodern Artefacts prehistoric to modern Churches, chapels, burial sites medieval to modern Llongddrylliadau cyn hanes i fodern Safleoedd diwydiannol canoloesol i fodern Shipwrecks prehistoric to modern Industrial sites medieval to modern Glanfeydd a cheiau cyn hanes i fodern Goleudai, goleuadau llywio canoloesol i fodern Wharves and quays prehistoric to modern Lighthouses, navigation beacons medieval to modern Tirweddau hanesyddol cyn hanes i fodern Historic landscapes prehistoric to modern Aneddiadau/safleoedd diwydiannol/eglwysi/capeli Goleudai Settlements/industrial sites/churches/chapels Lighthouses Amddiffynfeydd milwrol Military defences Caerau’r Oes Haearn Iron Age forts Arfordir clogwyn Preswyliad mewn ogof Cave occupation Goleuadau llywio sy’n cilio Navigation beacons Porthladdoedd a cheiau Retreating cliff Harbours and quays Llongddrylliadau coast Shipwrecks Llongddrylliadau Shipwrecks Lefel dwˆr uchel High water mark Porthladdoedd, ceiau a glanfeydd Lefel dwˆr isel Harbours, quays and wharves Low water mark Trapiau pysgod Fish traps Aneddiadau/safleoedd diwydiannol/eglwysi/capeli Settlements/industrial sites/churches/chapels Amddiffynfeydd morwrol Sea defences Amddiffynfeydd morwrol Sea defences Glanfeydd a cheiau Trapiau pysgod Wharves and quays Fish traps Lefel dwˆr uchel High water mark Arfordir iseldir sy’n cynyddu Lefel dwˆr isel Advancing Low water mark Llifwaddodion lowland coast Llongddrylliadau Arteffactau Alluvium Shipwrecks Mawn Amddiffynfeydd milwrol Peats Artefacts Military defences Llongddrylliadau Shipwrecks Gofalu am Dreftadaeth yr Arfordir Caring for Coastal Heritage ae arfordir ysblennydd Cymru wedi denu ymsefydlwyr he spectacular coast of Wales has attracted settlers ers miloedd o flynyddoedd. O’r helwyr cyn hanes i’r for thousands of years. From prehistoric hunters to Mdiwydianwyr Fictorianaidd, mae pobl wedi gadael eu hôl TVictorian industrialists, people have left an indelible parhaol ar yr arfordir ac mae llawer o’r hyn a welwn heddiw wedi mark on the coastline and much of what we see today has ei lunio gan eu gweithgareddau. Ond mae’r dystiolaeth yn aml been shaped by their activities. But the evidence is often yn fregus, ac unwaith y caiff ei cholli, mae wedi diflannu am byth. fragile and, once lost, is gone forever. The protection and Mae diogelu a chadw’r gymunrodd hanesyddol wych hon yn preservation of this great historical legacy falls to many cael ei ysgwyddo gan nifer o sefydliadau – preifat a chyhoeddus, organizations — private and public, local and national — and lleol a chenedlaethol – ac mae’n bwysig bod y modd yr ystyrir it is important that consideration of our historic environment ein hamgylchedd hanesyddol yn cael ei adlewyrchu’n gywir is properly reflected in the policies and actions of them all. ym mholisïau a gweithredoedd pob un ohonynt. To help our understanding, Cadw: Welsh Historic I gynorthwyo ein dealltwriaeth o’r sefyllfa, mae Cadw: Monuments, with the support of the Royal Commission on Welsh Historic Monuments, gyda chymorth Comisiwn the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales, has funded Brenhinol Henebion Cymru, wedi ariannu’r pedair the four Welsh Archaeological Trusts to complete a rapid CADW Ymddiriedolaeth Archaeolegol yng Nghymru i gwblhau arolwg archaeological survey of the entire Welsh coastline. This WELSH HISTORIC MONUMENTS archaeolegol cyflym o arfordir Cymru yn ei gyfanrwydd. Mae’r booklet draws on their work and follows some of the llyfryn hwn yn defnyddio eu gwaith ac mae’n dilyn rhai o’r prif principal historical developments reflected in the ancient ddatblygiadau hanesyddol a adlewyrchir yn yr henebion sy’n monuments which survive today. Advice is also provided goroesi heddiw. Darperir cyngor hefyd ar sut i ofalu am ein on the care of our coastal heritage and it is hoped this Cadw:Welsh Historic Monuments treftadaeth arfordirol a gobeithir y bydd y wybodaeth hon o information will be of help and interest to all involved in Adeilad y Goron/Crown Building gymorth a diddordeb i bawb sy’n ymwneud â rheoli’r arfordir. Parc Cathays/Cathays Park coastal management. Caerdydd/Cardiff CF1 3NQ Canfuwyd esgyrn gwˆ r ifanc a gladdwyd The bones of a young man buried some tua 25,000 o flynyddoedd yn ôl — 25,000 years ago — the earliest known Rhif ffôn/Telephone 01222 500200 y gladdedigaeth ddynol gynharaf y gwyddys human burial in the British Isles — amdani yn Ynysoedd Prydain — yma yn were found here in Goat Hole Cave Cyhoeddwyd gyntaf gan Cadw 1999. Ogof Goat Hole ym Mhen-y-Fai ym at Paviland on the Gower peninsula, First published by Cadw 1999. Mhenrhyn Gwˆ yr, ger Abertawe. Mae near Swansea. Grave goods suggest ISBN 1 85760 1769 cynnwys y bedd yn awgrymu paratoad preparation for the afterlife while ar gyfer bywyd ar ôl marwolaeth tra bod evidence of preserved pollen indicates Hawlfraint y Goron/Crown Copyright 1999. tystiolaeth o baill wedi’i gadw yn awgrymu that flowers were spread over the body. bod blodau wedi eu taenu dros y corff. At the time of burial, these inhospitable Llun ar y clawr: Coeten y Brenin, Manorbyˆr, Siambr Gladdu Neolithig. Llun gan Paul Highnam i Cadw: Welsh Historic Monuments. Ar adeg y claddu, roedd y clogwyni limestone cliffs lay several miles inland. Cover photograph: King’s Quoit, Manorbier,Neolithic burial chamber. Photograph by Paul Highnam for Cadw: Welsh Historic Monuments. calch digroeso hyn yn gorwedd sawl milltir i mewn i’r tir. 1 GOFALU AM DREFTADAETH YR ARFORDIR CARING FOR COASTAL HERITAGE GOFALU AM DREFTADAETH YR ARFORDIR CARING FOR COASTAL HERITAGE Cofnodi ein Treftadaeth Arfordirol Recording our Coastal Heritage Mae’r arolwg cyflym o’r amgylchedd hanesyddol o gwmpas arfordir adnabod aneddiadau cynnar ‘newydd’. The rapid survey of the historic environment around the entire Many of the sites and monuments reflect the trade, industry cyfan tir mawr Cymru wedi bod yn waith enfawr wedi’i ymestyn ar Mae llawer o’r safleoedd a’r henebion yn adlewyrchu gweith- coast of mainland Wales has been a huge undertaking spread and military activity of recent centuries, but these are also an draws nifer o flynyddoedd. Cafodd ynysoedd mawrion Caergybi ac garedd masnachol, diwydiannol a milwrol y canrifoedd diweddar, over a number of years. The major islands of Holyhead and important and diminishing part of our coastal heritage and are Ynys Môn eu cynnwys ac ymestynnodd yr arolwg i gynnwys rhannau ond maent hefyd yn rhan bwysig o’n treftadaeth arfordirol sy’n Anglesey were included and the study extended into the lower generally under represented in the archaeological record. The gwaelod aberoedd y prif afonydd. Roedd yr arolwg yn cynnwys y prysur ddiflannu, ac maent ar y cyfan wedi eu tan-gynrychioli reaches of the main river estuaries. The survey included the survey has gone a long way towards redressing this balance. parth rhynglanwol (rhwng y marciau dwˆ r uchel ac isel) gan ymestyn i mewn cofnodion archaeolegol. Mae’r astudiaeth wedi llwyddo’n intertidal zone (between high and low watermark) and The survey has also emphasized the importance of some mewn i’r tir o’r marc dwˆ r uchel am tua 150m. sylweddol i unioni’r fantol. extended inland from high watermark for about 150m. rather neglected features of the coastal landscape. Fish