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ICTP Lecture Notes Series 18 Page 1 of 2 www.ictp.it — ictp home > publications & printing services > LNS archive > Vol. 18 ICTP Lecture Notes Series, Volume 18 (ISBN 92-95003-26-8) - May 2004 Invited Presentations, College on Soil Physics 2003 Editors: D.M. Gabriels (Univ. Ghent, Belgium), G. Ghirardi (Univ. Trieste, Italy), D.R. Nielsen (Univ. California, USA), I. Pla Sentis (Univ. Lleida, Spain), E.L. Skidmore (Kansas State Univ., USA) Introduction The beginning of ICTP College on Soil Physics - In 1980, Donald M. Gabriels, a soil physicist of Ghent University, Belgium and EdWARD L. Skidmore, a research leader at the USDA-ARS Wind Erosion Unit, Manhattan, Kansas, USA gave lectures at the ICTP Autumn Course on the Physics of Flow in the Oceans, Atmosphere and Deserts. Although they never met before, each knew about the work the other was doing. At one of the lunches during the autumn course with the late Professor Abdus Salam, Nobel laureate in Physics and founder and director of ICTP, Trieste, Italy, Gabriels was asked about his main activities. Salam thought that Gabriels had said that his major field of interest was 'solar' - not 'soil' physics. In fact the two words 'solar' and 'soil' have something in common; just refer to 'el sol' (Spanish for 'sun') and 'le sol' (French for 'soil'). During the excursion in 'desertic' regions after the autumn course on the Physics of Flow in the Oceans, Atmosphere and Deserts, Skidmore was also asked his opinion about a soil physics course to be organised at ICTP. The encounter with some misunderstandings of terminology between Gabriels and Abdus Salam, which took place more than 20 years ago, and the enthusiasm of Skidmore, confirming the idea of organising a soil physics course was the start of one of ICTP's most succesfull activities: the College on Soil Physics. After a first college in 1983, prepared and directed by Edward L. Skidmore and Donald M. Gabriels and co-directed by the local organisor Professor GianCarlo Ghirardi (ICTP consultant and University of Trieste), a number of colleges were organised every two or three years. Over time, more than 500 scientists, 80% of whom are from more than 50 developing countries, have participated in the College of Soil Physics, which in March 2003 celebrated its 20th anniversary. In the course of these 20 years, Prof. Ildefonso Pla Sentis (previously at Universidad Central de Venezuela, at present with Universitat de Lleida, Spain), and Prof. Donald R. Nielsen, a former dean of the University of California, Davis, USA, joined the team of directors. Pla Sentis was long time coordinator of ELAFIS (Escuela Latinoamericana de Fisica de Suelos), sponsored by ICTP and organised for the first time in Peru (1986), and followed by courses in Brazil, Colombia, Argentina, Venezuela, Cuba and in 2003 in Chile. Asked by 'News from ICTP' (see #104, Spring 2003) at the 20th anniversary College http://users.ictp.it/~pub_off/lectures/LNS18.html 2007-07-27 ICTP Lecture Notes Series 18 Page 2 of 2 on Soil Physics, 'what soil physics means', Skidmore defined it in simple terms as 'the study of the physical charactersitics of soil' or 'as the study of the physical laws of nature governing the behaviour of soil'. The study and potential applications of soil physics involve an understanding not only of physics, but of biology, chemistry, hydrology, engineering and land use management. And Nielsen added that soil physics is not just an academic exercise. It involves implications for understanding present critical issues as food security, drinking water, pollution of waters, contamination of soils, natural disasters as flooding and landslides. Soil physisists need to examine complex processes as water flow in soils, erosion and runoff, solute transport and oxygen diffusion. Soil physicists belong to a big family and former participants of ICTP Colleges on Soil Physics take new initiatives to draw attention to the importance of soil physics for our environment. Reference is made to the symposia 'AgroEnviron' co-organized by former ICTP participants in Faisalabad, Pakistan (1998), Tekirdag, Turkey (2000), Cairo, Egypt (2002) and scheduled to be organised in 2004 in Udine, Italy. The present book is a partial compilation of contributions from selected former participants of the College on Soil Physics invited to make presentations related to their achievments as a result of attending the College. It also serves as a testimony of the existing links between soil physicists throughout the world strengthened by the support and programs of the International Centre for Theoretical Physics originally envisioned by Abdus Salam to foster the growth of advanced studies and physics research in developing countries. Donald M. Gabriels and Edward L. Skidmore Founding Co-directors ICTP College on Soil Physics Ghent University, Belgium May 2004 Table of Contents (PDF sources available) All PDF sources of Volume 18: lns018.tar.gz (9019435 bytes) (NB: This tar-compressed file contains the PDF versions of each lecture note) ICTP Publications & Printing Strada Costiera, 11 Trieste, Italy [email protected] © 2006 http://users.ictp.it/~pub_off/lectures/LNS18.html 2007-07-27 ICTP Lecture Notes Series 18 Page 1 of 3 www.ictp.it — ictp home > publications & printing services > LNS archive > Vol. 18 ToC ICTP Lecture Notes Series, Volume 18 (ISBN 92-95003-26-8) - May 2004 Invited Presentations, College on Soil Physics 2003 Editors: D.M. Gabriels (Univ. Ghent, Belgium), G. Ghirardi (Univ. Trieste, Italy), D.R. Nielsen (Univ. California, USA), I. Pla Sentis (Univ. Lleida, Spain), E.L. Skidmore (Kansas State Univ., USA) Contents 1. The Use of Wenner Configuration to Monitor Soil Water Content S.K. Agodzo, P.Y. Okyere and K. Kusi-Appiah [Sources: pdf] 2. Bulk Density, Cone Index and Water Content Relations for Some Ghanian Soils S.K. Agodzo and I. Adama [Sources: pdf] 3. Climatological Changing Effects on Wind, Precipitation and Erosion: Large, Meso and Small Scale Analysis Zafer Aslan [Sources: pdf] 4. Modelling of Environmental and Climatic Problems: Wind and Water Erosion Zafer Aslan [Sources: pdf] 5. In-Situ Determination of Directional Conductivities of Soil Gautam Barua [Sources: pdf] 6. Optimal Estimations of Random Fields Using Kriging Gautam Barua [Sources: pdf] 7. Rice Lands of South and South East Asia, Some Soil Physics Aspects R.M. Bhagat [Sources: pdf] 8. Management of Soil Physical Properties of Lowland Puddled Rice Soil For Sustainable Food Production R.M. Bhagat [Sources: pdf] 9. Hydrological Behaviour of Sealing Under Different Soil Management Conditions in the Center South Cordoba, Argentina Estela Bricchi [Sources: pdf] 10. Structure and Organic Matter Under Different Soil Management Conditions in the Center of Argentina Estela Bricchi [Sources: pdf] 11. Soil Physical Properties on Venezuelan Steeplands: Applications to Soil Conservation Planning Fernando Delgado [Sources: pdf] 12. A Soil Mechanics Approach to Study Soil Compaction and Traffic http://users.ictp.it/~pub_off/lectures/LNS18toc.html 2007-07-27 ICTP Lecture Notes Series 18 Page 2 of 3 Effect On the Preconsolidation Pressure of Tropical Soils Moacir de Souza Dias Junior [Sources: pdf] 13. Soil Physics and Agriculture Durval Dourado Neto, Klaus Reichardt and Gerd Sparovek [Sources: pdf] 14. Agroclimatic Mapping of Maize Crop Based on Soil Physical Properties Durval Dourado Neto, Gerd Sparovek, Klaus Reichardt, Luiz Carlos Timm and Donald R. Nielsen [Sources: pdf] 15. The Combined Effect of Wind and Rain on Interrill Erosion Processes G. Erpul, D. Gabriels and L.D. Norton [Sources: pdf] 16. Physical Properties of Magnesium Affected Soils in Colombia Alvaro Garcia-Ocampo [Sources: pdf] 17. Experimental and Modelling Studies of Infiltration Mauro Giudici [Sources: pdf] 18. Inverse Modelling for Flow and Transport in Porous Media Mauro Giudici [Sources: pdf] 19. Percolation Theory and its Application for Interpretation of Soil Water Retention Curves Radka Kodesova [Sources: pdf] 20. Determination of Hydraulic Properties of Unsaturated Soil via Inverse Modeling Radka Kodesova [Sources: pdf] 21. Soil Physical Properties Affecting Soil Erosion in Tropical Soils Deyanira Lobo Lujan [Sources: pdf] 22. Aggregate Stability and Soil Degradation in the Tropics Joe S.C. Mbagwu [Sources: pdf] 23. Environmental Control of Soil Structure in Mediterranean Soils Joe S.C. Mbagwu [Sources: pdf] 24. Oxygen Transport in Waterlogged Soils, Part I. Approaches to Modelling Soil and Crop Response to Oxygen Deficiency Franco Humberto Obando Moncayo [Sources: pdf] 25. Oxygen Transport in Waterlogged Soils, Part II. Diffusion Coefficient Franco Humberto Obando Moncayo [Sources: pdf] 26. Influence of a Compacted Subsurface Layer on Soil Erosion Svetla Rousseva [Sources: pdf] 27. Ideas for Physical Interpretation of the USLE Svetla Rousseva [Sources: pdf] 28. Models for Predicting Water Use and Crop Yields - A Cuban http://users.ictp.it/~pub_off/lectures/LNS18toc.html 2007-07-27 ICTP Lecture Notes Series 18 Page 3 of 3 Experience Maria Elena Ruiz and Angel Utset [Sources: pdf] 29. Soil Hydraulic Properties of Cuban Soils Maria Elena Ruiz and Hanoi Medina [Sources: pdf] 30. Susceptibility of Coarse-textured Soils to Soil Erosion by Water in the Tropics F.K. Salako [Sources: pdf] 31. Soil Physical Conditions in Nigerian Savanas and Biomass Production F.K. Salako [Sources: pdf] 32. Boundary Layer Theory for Solute Transport in Soils Mingan Shao [Sources: pdf] 33. General Similarity Theory and Integral Method for Water Flow in Soils Mingan Shao [Sources: pdf] 34. State-Space Approach for Evaluating the Soil-Plant-Atmosphere System L.C. Timm, K. Reichardt, J.C.M. Oliveira, F.A.M. Cassaro, T.T. Tominaga, O.O.S. Bacchi and D. Dourado-Neto [Sources: pdf] 35. Dimensional Analysis, Scaling and Fractals Luis Carlos Timm, Klaus Reichardt and Osny Oliveira Santos Bacchi [Sources: pdf] 36. Use of a Combined Penetrometer-TDR Moisture Probe for Soil Compaction Studies Carlos Manoel Pedro Vaz [Sources: pdf] 37. Automatic Gamma-Ray Equipment for Multiple Soil Physical Properties Measurements Carlos Manoel Pedro Vaz [Sources: pdf] 38.
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