Morphology, Taxonomic Status and Distribution of Trachylepis Aurata (Lınneaus , 1758) in Southeast Anatolia (Squamata: Sauria: Scincidae)

LETZTVERSION_Kumlutas_etal_Trachylepis_aurata_in_south_Anatolia_HERPETOZOA.qxd 01.08.2011 11:40 Seite 1

herPeTozoA 24 (1/2): 61 - 71 61 Wien, 30. Juli 2011

Morphology, taxonomic status and distribution of Trachylepis aurata (lınneAuS , 1758) in southeast Anatolia (Squamata: Sauria: Scincidae)

Morphologie, taxonomischer Status und Verbreitung von Trachylepis aurata (lınneAuS , 1758) in Südostanatolien (Squamata: Sauria: Scincidae)

SAlıh hAKAn durMuş & y uSuf KuMluTAş & A deM ÖzdeMır & A zız AVCı & Ç eTın ılGAz

KurzfASSunG die vorliegende untersuchung präsentiert Angaben über Pholidosezählwerte, morphometrische Messungen und längenverhältnisse sowie färbungs- und zeichnungsmerkmale südostanatolischer ındividuen von Trachylepis aurata (l ınnAeuS , 1758). die Befunde werden mit literaturdaten von exemplaren aus anderen Teilen der Türkei ver - glichen. das aus der Türkei berichtete Vorkommen von Trachylepis septemtaeniata (reuSS , 1834) wird diskutiert. ABSTrACT The present morphological study details meristic (pholidosis), morphometric (measurements, ratios) and color-pattern features of Trachylepis aurata (l ınnAeuS , 1758) collected from southeast Anatolia, Turkey. The results are compared with literature data obtained from specimens of other Anatolian regions. The occurrence of Trachylepis septemtaeniata (reuSS , 1834) reported from Turkey, is discussed. Key WordS reptilia: Squamata: Sauria: Scincidae Trachylepis aurata , Trachylepis septemtaeniata , pholidosis, mor - phology, color-pattern; southeast Anatolia, Turkey

ınTroduCTıon

The lizard family Scincidae (skinks), as, the South American species retained the one of the largest families of squamate rep - name Mabuya . According to MAuSfeld & tiles, is thought to have originated in Africa SChMıTz (2003), the Turkish species and all and then diversified and spread through near east species of the former collective Asia and Australia to its current worldwide genus Mabuya belong to the Afro-Malagasy distribution ( Greer 1970 ; W hıTınG et al . clade [viz. Trachylepis ]. 2006). The family Scincidae currently con - Three species of the genus Trachylepis tains more than 1,300 species grouped in are found in the south and east of Turkey, over 85 genera. About 100 species of these Trachylepis aurata (l ınneAuS , 1758), T. were assigned to the genus Mabuya (sensu septemtaeniata (reuSS , 1834) and T. vittata Greer 1970 ) ( BAuer 1992; MAuSfeld et al. (olıVıer , 1804) . Trachylepis aurata , the 2002; rASTeGAr -P ouyAnı 2006). MAuSfeld Golden Grass Skink, was first described et al. (2002) partitioned the collective genus from “Jersea Anglorum, Cypro” [British Mabuya fıTzınGer , 1826, into four genera: ısland of Jersey and Cyprus] ( lınneAuS Asian species were placed in Eutropis fıT - 1758). later, the type locality of T. aurata zınGer , 1843 , African and Malagasy species was emended to Asia Minor ( MorAVeC et al. in Euprepis WAGler , 1830 [and subsequent - 2006). Western, central, southern and south - ly Trachylepis fıTzınGer , 1843 (BAuer eastern Anatolia, and adjacent Greek islands 2003)], species from the Cape Verde ıslands (Kastellorizo, Kos, rhodos, Samos, Simi) , became Chioninia GrAy , 1845, again, where - constitute the northwestern range area of this LETZTVERSION_Kumlutas_etal_Trachylepis_aurata_in_south_Anatolia_HERPETOZOA.qxd 01.08.2011 11:40 Seite 2

62 S. h. d urMuş & y. K uMluTAş & A. Ö zdeMır & A. A VCı & Ç. ı lGAz

skink ( MerTenS 1924; Bırd 1936; MerTenS that no other subspecies than the nominate 1952; ClArK & C lArK 1973; BArAn 1977; form inhabited Turkey, and BArAn (1977), yılMAz 1977; B Aşoğlu & B ArAn 1977; yılMAz (1977), ToK (1999) and KuMluTAş ChondroPouloS 1986; B ArAn & A TATür et al. (2004) agreed on this opinion. recent - 1998; T oK 1999; S ındACo et al. 2000; K uM- ly, the subspecies septemtaeniata was ele - luTAş et al. 2004; M orAVeC et al. 2006). vated to species level, which, along with the however, various researchers ( Wer- changing of its generic assignment, resulted ner 1902; Bırd 1936; MerTenS 1924, 1952; in the name Euprepis septemtaeniata Bo denheıMer 1944; BArAn 1977; yılMAz (MAuSfeld & S ChMıTz 2003). ın the same 1977; MorAVeC et al. 2006) expressed dif - year, BAuer (2003) found the name Eupre - ferent opinions about the taxomic status of pis to be invalid and replaced it by Trachy- the Turkish specimens. MerTenS (1924) lepis . finally MorAVeC et al. (2006) ob - assigned a specimen from Mardin to the served that T. aurata and T. septemtaeniata nominate form. Bırd (1936) examined shared the same biotope (sympatric occur - specimens captured from İzmir, Alaşehir, rence) in the surroundings of Birecik, the Bulgar Mountains and Mardin şanlıurfa, southeastern Anatolia. (MerTenS ’s specimen). According to his The present paper presents and dis - opinion, western Anatolian specimens rep - cusses meristic (pholidosis), and metric (body resented what he named T. septemtaeniata proportions) characters and color-pattern fea - fellowsi , and the Mardin specimen T. aurata tures of T. aurata from southeastern Anatolia. aurata . MerTenS (1952) however, declared

MATerıAlS And MeThodS

This study is based on a total of 53 nostrils (dn); hindlimb length (hll), specimens of T. aurata (18 males, 22 fe - outstretched limb from hip joint to tip of males and 13 juveniles, for details see Ap- toe; forelimb length (fll), outstretched pendix), collected from different localities limb from shoulder joint to tip of toe; dis- in southeast Anatolia (fig. 1) in the period tance between the insertions of fore and 2001-2006. Color and pattern characteris - hindlimb (dfh). from these measurements, tics were recorded and color slides were the following ratios were calculated: Tl/ taken while the animals were alive . Pattern SVl; SVl/fll; SVl/hll; SVl/hl_a; terminology is in accordance to SChreıBer SVl/hl_b; SVl/hW; hl/hW. (1912: 334). The specimens were anaes - Meristic and dichotomous data.- thetized with ether, fixed with a 1:1 mixture Pholidosis characteristics considered here 5% formalin and 70% ethanol, and later kept comprised the following counts: nuchal in 70% ethanol according to the method plates, upper labials (left-right), supraciliar described by BAşoğlu & B ArAn (1977). plates (left-right), number of longitudinal The specimens were incorporated into the dorsal scale rows around midbody (ventral collection of zdeu (zoology department of side included) (dS), gular scales plus ven - ege university, Buca- İzmir, Turkey) and tral scales along ventromedian line (GS), stored in the zoology lab of the department subdigital lamellae (Sdl_a, Sdl_b) under - of Biology at Buca education faculty. neath fourth toe of hind leg (left-right), con - Metric data.- The following mor - tact between third supraocular plate and phometric measurements were taken using frontal plate absent or present. dial calipers with an accuracy of 0.02 mm: ın order to compare similarities and Snout-vent length (SVl), tip of snout to differences between sexes, an independent anal cleft; Tail length (Tl), anal cleft to the t-test was applied to the counts and meas - tip of tail; head length_a (hl_a), from ros - urements of the examined specimens ( α = trum to end of interparietal shield; head 0.05 significance). Statistical analyses were length_b (hl_b), from rostrum to anterior carried out using the program SPSS 11.0. margin of ear opening; head Width (hW), (SPSS ınc., 1989-2001). at widest point of head; distance between LETZTVERSION_Kumlutas_etal_Trachylepis_aurata_in_south_Anatolia_HERPETOZOA.qxd 01.08.2011 11:40 Seite 3

Morphology, taxonomy and distribution of Trachylepis aurata (lınneAuS , 1758) in southeast Anatolia 63

reSulTS

Morphometric measurements.- 1.9%); third supraocular in contact with the The descriptive statistics of the morphome - frontal shield in 14 (26.4%) specimens tric measurements are summarized in Table (both on left and right side) and in 10 1. Maximum SVl and Tl of a specimen (18.9%) specimens (only one side). Third with intact tail were 102.8 and 244.5 mm, supraocular separated from the frontal in 29 respectively (a male). According to inde - (54.7%) specimens (fig. 2). The contact sit - pendent t-tests, no significant differences uation between third supraocular and frontal between male and female specimens were of the specimens is presented in Table 2. found in metric measurements except dfh. The number of lamellae underneath the The means of dfh were 44.0 and 47.6 mm fourth hind leg toe (Sdl_a and Sdl_b) var - for male and female specimens, respective - ied between 16 and 21 with a mean value of ly (Table 1). 18.6 in both sides ( n: 53, 1st quartile: 18, Meristics (pholidosis counts).- Two median: 19, mode: 19 and 3rd quartile: 19). nuchals (100%); four upper labials anterior The number of gular plus ventral scales and two posterior to subocular (100%); fifth along the ventromedian line from mental and sixth lower labials under the subocular shield to vent (GS) ranged from 57 to 71 (in 52 out of 53 specimens; 98.2%); supra - with a mean of 64.4 ( n: 53, 1st quartile: ciliaria (left/rigth side): 5/5 (32 of 53; 62.5, median: 64, mode: 63 and 3rd quartile: 60.4%), 4/4 (10 of 53; 18.9%), 4/5 (6 of 53; 67). The number of longitudinal scale rows 11.3%), 5/4 (2 of 53; 3.8%), 5/3 (1 of 53; around mid-body (ventral side included) 1.9%), 5/6 (1 of 53; 1.9%) and 6/5(1 of 53; (dS) was from 34 to 38 with a mean value

Table 1: descriptive statistics of meristic pholidosis characters, morphometric measurements and ratios of Trachylepis aurata (l ınnAeuS , 1758) specimens. for abbreviations, see ‘Materials and Methods’. n - number of specimens; Sd - standard deviation; P (t-test) - Probability. for the mersistic data (dS, GS, Sdl_a and Sdl_b) median, mode, 1st (Q1) and 3rd (Q3) quartiles are shown. Tab: 1. Beschreibende Statistiken meristischer Pholidosemerkmale, morphometrischer Messungen und längenverhältnisse bei den untersuchten exemplaren von Trachylepis aurata (l ınnAeuS , 1758 ). n - Anzahl exemplare; Sd – Standardabweichung; P (t-test) – Wahrscheinlichkeit. Abkürzungserklärungen siehe Tabelle 3. Bei meristischen daten (dS, GS, Sdl_a and Sdl_b) sind auch Median- (Med.) und Modalwert (Mod.) sowie erstes (Q1) und drittes (Q3) Quartil angegeben.

Parameter n Minimum Maximum Mean / Med. / Mode Q1 Q3 Sd P (t-test) Mittel / Med. / Mod. dS 53 34 38 35.60 / 36 / 36 35 36 0.93 P > 0.05 GS 53 57 71 64.43 / 64 / 63 62.5 67 3.03 P > 0.05 Sdl_a 53 16 21 18.57 / 19 / 18 18 19 1.15 P > 0.05 Sdl_b 53 16 21 18.57 / 19 / 18 18 19 1.15 P > 0.05 hl_a 40 11.78 15.54 14.41 0.89 P > 0.05 hl_b 40 12.48 17.52 15.92 1.07 P > 0.05 hW 40 9.64 14.02 12.09 0.97 P > 0.05 dn 40 2.40 3.86 3.12 0.32 P > 0.05 SVl 40 67.68 102.78 87.03 7.56 P > 0.05 Tl 21 80.78 141.74 111.10 15.07 P > 0.05 fll 40 17.90 26.68 23.36 1.64 P > 0.05 hll 40 24.94 35.98 32.26 2.22 P > 0.05 dfh 18 ♂♂ 37.30 53.10 44.03 4.71 P < 0.05 dfh 22 ♀♀ 35.12 56.78 47.59 5.53 P < 0.05 Tl / SVl 21 0.97 1.50 1.27 0.16 P > 0.05 SVl / fll 40 3.46 4.24 3.72 0.17 P > 0.05 SVl / hll 40 2.52 3.00 2.70 0.12 P > 0.05 SVl / hl_a 40 5.35 6.61 6.03 0.27 P > 0.05 SVl / hl_b 40 5.01 5.95 5.46 0.23 P > 0.05 hl_a / hW 40 1.09 1.39 1.19 0.55 P > 0.05 hl_b / hW 40 1.20 1.49 1.32 0.54 P > 0.05 LETZTVERSION_Kumlutas_etal_Trachylepis_aurata_in_south_Anatolia_HERPETOZOA.qxd 01.08.2011 11:40 Seite 4

64 S. h. d urMuş & y. K uMluTAş & A. Ö zdeMır & A. A VCı & Ç. ı lGAz

fig. 1: The distribution of Trachylepis aurata (lınneAuS , 1758) in southeast Anatolia. record localities known from the literature are shown; stars highlight localities from where specimens were examined in this study. data from MerTenS (1924, 1952), B ırd (1936), B ArAn (1977) and yılMAz (1977). Abb 1: die Verbreitung von Trachylepis aurata (lınneAuS , 1758) in Südostanatolien. nachweise aus der literatur sind angegeben, Sterne markieren fundorte, von denen untersuchungsmaterial für diese Studie vorlag. nach daten von MerTenS (1924, 1952), B ırd (1936), B ArAn (1977) und yılMAz (1977) . 1 - 17 km W of Gaziantep; 2 - Kilis, 3 - Acar Village, Kilis; 4 - dokurcun Village, Gaziantep; 5 - halfeti, şanlıurfa; 6 - 16 km from Birecik towards halfeti, şanlıurfa; 7 - 65 km from şanlıurfa towards Birecik, şanlıurfa; 8 - 33 km from şanlıurfa towards Bozova, şanlıurfa; 9 - Küçükalanlı Village, şanlıurfa; 10 - 17 km e of şanlıurfa; 11 - 32 km from şanlıurfa towards Viranşehir, şanlıurfa; 12 - Karahisar, Tektek Mountains, şanlıurfa; 13 - Tektek Mountains, şanlıurfa; 14 - Güzelyurt, Ceylanpınar, şanlıurfa; 15 - Ceylanpınar, şanlıurfa; 16 - Karataş, Ceylanpınar, şanlıurfa; 17 - Viranşehir, şanlıurfa; 18 - derik, Mardin; 19 - Kızıltepe, Mardin; 20 - 5 km n of Mardin, Mardin; 21 - 17 km from Mardin towards diyarbakır, Mardin; 22 - 48 km from diyarbakır towards Siverek, diyarbakır; 23 - 6 km from ergani towards Çermik, diyarbakır; 24 - 2 km n of Silvan, şanlıurfa; 25 - 13 km from Batman towards hasankeyf, Batman; 26 – Siirt; 27 - 13 km from Cizre towards şırnak, şırnak; 28 - 5 km from Cizre towards Silopi, şırnak; 29 - hakkari.

of 35.6 ( n: 53, 1st quartile: 35, median: 36, given in Table 1. ındependent t-tests did not mode: 36 and 3rd quartile: 36). descriptive reveal significant differences between male statistics of the pholidosis characters are and female pholidosis characters (Table 1).

fig. 2: Pileus pholidosis of Trachylepis aurata (l ınneAuS , 1758) and T. septemtaeniata (reuSS , 1834). The third supraocular is separated from the frontal in aurata and in contact with the frontal shield in septemtaeniata (see MorAVeC et al. 2006). Abb. 2: Pileuspholidose bei Trachylepis aurata (l ınneAuS , 1758) and T. septemtaeniata (reuSS , 1834). das dritte Supraoculare ist bei aurata vom frontale getrennt, bei septemtaeniata mit diesem in Kontakt (siehe MorAVeC et al. 2006). LETZTVERSION_Kumlutas_etal_Trachylepis_aurata_in_south_Anatolia_HERPETOZOA.qxd 01.08.2011 11:40 Seite 5

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66 S. h. d urMuş & y. K uMluTAş & A. Ö zdeMır & A. A VCı & Ç. ı lGAz

fig. 3: dorsolateral views of Trachylepis aurata (l ınnAeuS , 1758). A - specimens from Güzelyurt, Ceylanpınar, şanlıurfa (zdeu 81/2001); B - specimens from 16 km from Birecik towards halfeti, şanlıurfa (zdeu 55/2005). Abb. 3: dorsolateralansichten von Trachylepis aurata (l ınnAeuS , 1758). A - exemplare von Güzelyurt, Ceylanpınar, şanlıurfa (zdeu 81/2001); B - exemplare von 16 km von Birecik in richtung halfeti, şanlıurfa (zdeu 55/2005). LETZTVERSION_Kumlutas_etal_Trachylepis_aurata_in_south_Anatolia_HERPETOZOA.qxd 01.08.2011 11:40 Seite 7

Morphology, taxonomy and distribution of Trachylepis aurata (lınneAuS , 1758) in southeast Anatolia 67

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/ l n v a

r n a ä g t s l r u a i 1st quartile: 13, median: 15, mode: 15 and i e n u n l g i m a a d i i o

e f r t 5 3 2 6 4 d ) n 3rd quartile: 16) spots from its beginning to b . . . . . o i a ) m b 8 r 1 4 3 5 1 V n 7 e u u 5 - - - - - m a - t

the level of the hindlimbs. The row contin - i 7 n 7 0 5 6 7 2 S A e / l n . . . . .

e 1 i

z o s

1 3 2 4 1 t - 1 n b t ,

i ues to the tip of the tail where the spots ( h u / / / / / a

a o S

r o e - n l z u s i 1 1 8 5 6

p decrease in size, become indistinct and form r e n A m A 3 9 8 1 2 d l h a

. . . . . e A / M c S v l 1 3 2 5 1 z

e i n a dashed-line. The parietal bands are as l

t ı u d / / / / / , S h n

S ı a

e m e

, y i 0 7 7 7 7 t

n wide as 2-3 ( n: 51, mean: 2.9, 1st quartile: 3, o l s t e d 1 1 1 1 1 l r i ( h i g f u c t

e n m a median: 3, mode: 3 and 3rd quartile: 3) ) s t S ä h

( w 8 l a s c e

r 5 n scales. dark stains along each flank (= tem - j n u i e

u 7 e a e g d a 1 9 1 5 3 a b

)

B poral band) are distinctive back to the level . . . . n n i m r , s i l i 7 ä

3 3 5 1 i S e s l c r o - - - - 7

p f t d u

e of the hindlimbs. The temporal band is gen - e 3 5 9 2 9 r n e a p . . . . e p d l e 1 o n o 3 2 4 1 s A y

(

b erally as wide as 3-4 ( n: 53, mean: 3.2, 1st V / / / / n h f g A K

z — c - o n n l

g 0 8 0 2

A a - a a quartile: 3, median: 3, mode: 3 and 3rd e r 6 7 1 2 l l r r l . . . .

M t e g t ( T l 3 2 5 1 l b n b n n ı

quartile: 4) scales. The supraciliar stripes f e _ / / / / a e n

A t m y

o l C

4 4 4 4 a u a e

. (separating the parietal and temporal bands) v i r n h

g l 3

a r n , a

r are whitish and generally as wide as 1 scale. d e e ä )

t l n b d e s n z l i r u o

e The light colored subocular stripe (ventrally

n a r p o 5 9 8 5 4 t )

. . . . . 1 a V e p

e l e 7 1 3 2 5 1

i h bordering the temporal band) is as wide as w a n - - - - - y h 7 r d i c t e h l 3 7 6 8 2 h i a 9

l n . . . . . t c c l o p 1 n 1-2 ( n: 53, mean: 1.6, 1st quartile: 1, medi - u 1 3 2 4 1 t S r e i S ( a

/ / / / / e r b -

t n a z d n

T a an: 2, mode: 2 and 3rd quartile: 2) scales. i a 4 0 0 0 0 n e

A r

T t l ı A 4 8 7 1 3

n a . . . . . n M n i

l T

n The maxillar band (ventrally bordering the

1 3 2 5 1 l e s u , e W ı

s s g e / / / / / t e d

e G n y d subocular stripe) has irregular stains and its n g r 6 8 8 8 8

u n

e n p - i s

m color gets lighter towards the ventral part. s n n i e l e S

a e - r t r a f i m G g habitat.- Trachylepis auarata u t r e p n s

n a e , b t e a u m 5 2 0 0 5 r n d specimens were collected during day excur - n e g . . . . . z

i u e r

n A 1 4 3 6 1 .

m h - - - - - ü a r ä h i

e sions between 08:00 and 18:30 h at temper - i - - 0 5 5 0 2 k l e c l s d f . . . . . e i

r b o e o p 1 3 2 5 1 r z s s t i

t atures of 21-33ºC. The lizards were found t h o A / / / / / a u i g d

e t

a n p n e K / r 7 2 0 6 2

s m

ä under stones and piles of stones situated e A 2 7 7 4 3 - n l

y n

. . . . . M

f d e n

e d

t 1 3 2 5 1 e l o

e near cultivated zones but also in rocky areas

d z u g

n / / / / / S t p n

u s V e n s i p a a 1 0 0 0 0 o

S u t

with dense vegetation. The altitude of the i

u s r h 2 4 4 4 4 t s , o i l ä c h a d u l h a r c sampling sites ranged from 380 to 1058 m S i n

k s ( T Q r r a e

t e f v e t

e a.s.l. The following amphibians and reptiles s e

i n a k b g e f . ü i c a n

z were found in sympatry with T. aurata : M f ü h t ä

: l c

a e r o f 3 : s

o rAy e Ommatotriton vittatus (G , 1835), Bufo

p l 3

n s - e

o n l . a n

s l _ e

W AurenTı l b b e viridis (l 1768), Hyla savignyi n K S n s i r l l a a l l h

a o e o

T T d - i t f h h udouın / V

b A , 1827, Pelophylax ridibundus t

r u / / /

a S

a b e i

- t A / AllAS ınneAuS _ _ P , 1771, Testudo graeca l , l l l v

n t e n l n i l l V V V r e e 1758, Ophisops elegans MénéTrıéS , 1832, b r d h d h T S S S h LETZTVERSION_Kumlutas_etal_Trachylepis_aurata_in_south_Anatolia_HERPETOZOA.qxd 01.08.2011 11:40 Seite 8

68 S. h. d urMuş & y. K uMluTAş & A. Ö zdeMır & A. A VCı & Ç. ı lGAz

Apathya cappadocica (Werner , 1902), (MénéTrıéS , 1832), Eirenis decemlineatus Trachylepis vittata (olıVıer , 1804), Chal - (duMérıl , B ıBron & d uMérıl , 1854), cides ocellatus forSSKål , 1775, Eumeces Typhlops vermicularis MerreM , 1820, schneideri dAudın , 1802, Hemidactylus Leptotyphlops macrorhynchus (JAn , 1860), turcicus (lınneAuS , 1758), Mediodactylus Platyceps najadum (eıChWAld , 1831), Eryx heterocercum (BlAnford , 1874), Laudakia jaculus lınneAuS , 1758, Malpolon mons - stellio (lınneAuS , 1758), Trapelus lessonae pessulanus (herMAnn , 1804), Dolichophis (de fılıPPı , 1865), Lacerta media lAnTz & jugularis (lınneAuS , 1758), Natrix tessel - Cyrén , 1920, Blanus strauchi (BedrıAGA , lata (lAurenTı , 1768), Hemorrhois raver - 1884), Eirenis modestus (MArTın , 1838), gieri (MénéTrıéS , 1832) and Macrovipera Eirenis rothi JAn , 1863, Pseudocyclophis lebetina (lınneAuS , 1758). persicus (AnderSon , 1872), Eirenis collaris

dıSCuSSıon

Trachylepis aurata differs from T. (1977) ( n: 30, mean: 35.7, range: 34-38, 1st vittata in having smooth nuchals; parietals quartile: 35.7, median: 36, mode: 36 and 3rd not in contact, separated by interparietal; quartile: 36), yılMAz (1977) ( n: 31, mean: postnuchals smooth or weekly keeled; no 35.7, range: 34-38, 1st quartile: 36, median: light vertebral stripe ( BAşoğlu & BArAn 36, mode: 36 and 3rd quartile: 36), ToK 1977; leVıTon et al. 1992; AnderSon 1999). (1999) ( n: 7, mean: 35.4, range: 34-37, 1st formerly, three subspecies of M. aurata quartile: 35, median: 35, mode: 35 and 3rd were recognized on the basis of color-pat - quartile: 36) and KuMluTAş et al. (2004) ( n: tern, contact between third supraocular and 4, mean: 34.8, range: 34-35, 1st quartile: frontal and numbers of dS and GS: (i) M. a. 34.3, median: 35, mode: 35 and 3rd quartile: aurata – two longitudinal rows of large 35) for T. aurata specimens captured from more or less rectangular dark spots on dor - different localities of Anatolia. sum, third supraocular separated from MorAVeC et al. (2006) found sep- frontal, 34-38 dS, 56-71 GS; (ii) M. a. sep - temtaeniata to occur in sympatry with aura - temtaeniata (reuSS , 1834) – four more or ta in southern Turkey (surroundings of less complete longitudinal rows of small Birecik, şanlıurfa), which supported the dark spots on dorsum, third supraocular in specific status of both these taxa. The third contact with frontal, 32-38 dS, 60-62 GS; supraocular was separated from the parietal and (iii) M. a. transcaucasica ČernoV , 1926 in 54.7% of 53 studied specimens of T. (syn. M. a. affinis [de fılıPPı , 1863]) – char - aurata originating from various localities in acterized by the septemtaeniata pattern southeast Anatolia. Among these, 21 combined with a higher number of gular and specimens from şanlıurfa (including the abdominal scales along the midventral line surroundings of Birecik where T. septemtae - 32-40 dS, 65-72 GS (see BAşoğlu & BA- niata and T. aurata share the same biotope) rAn 1977; leVıTon et al. 1992; AnderSon showed the third supratemporal separated 1999 ; M orAVeC et al . 2006; r ASTeGAr -P ou- from the frontal in five specimens (23.8%) yAnı 2006 ). recently the former subspecies only (Table 2). none of the specimens ex- septemtaeniata was elevated to species level amined in the present study had four longi - according to a molecular phylogenetic tudinal rows of more or less rectangular (MAuSfeld & S ChMıTz 2003). small dark spots on the dorsum, characteris - According to yılMAz (1977), the tic of T. semptemtaeniata . Comparison of dS count is one of the diagnostic key fea - the specimens’ key diagnostic ratios with tures discriminating between T. aurata sub - those given in previous studies is presented species. dS counts in our specimens ( n: 53, in Table 3. mean: 35.6, range: 34-38, 1st quartile: 35, ın conclusion, regarding meristic median: 36, mode: 36 and 3rd quartile: 36) pholidosis characters, metric measurements were similar to those given by BArAn and color-pattern features, the specimens of LETZTVERSION_Kumlutas_etal_Trachylepis_aurata_in_south_Anatolia_HERPETOZOA.qxd 01.08.2011 11:40 Seite 9

Morphology, taxonomy and distribution of Trachylepis aurata (lınneAuS , 1758) in southeast Anatolia 69

T. aurata from southeast Anatolia examined ommended partitioning of the old collective in this study are within the variation limits genus Mabuya into four genera. MAuSfeld mentioned for the taxon in the literature & S ChMıdT (2003) assigned the Turkish, and (MerTenS 1924, 1952; B ArAn 1977; y ıl- all Middle east species of the former genus MAz 1977; B ArAn & A TATür 1998; T oK Mabuya , to what they called the Afro- 1999; K uMluTAş et al. 2004). The occur - Malagasy clade. This taxonomic splitting rence of T. septemtaeniata in Turkey report - was, however, seen controversially. JeSuS et ed by MorAVeC et al. (2006) based on a sin - al. (2005), WhıTınG et al. (2006) and gle individual captured from the surround- MırAlleS & C ArrAnzA (2010) considered ings of Birecik, şanlıurfa, could not be sup - the subdivision of Mabuya into four genera a ported by additional materials and is consid - premature act, since a fifth and still unnamed ered doubtful. distinct genetic lineage was identified. recently, molecular studies on Ma - According to JeSuS et al. (2005), the Turkish buya were conducted in order to understand species of Mabuya do not belong to any of the systematics of this genus ( MAuS feld et the four aforementioned genera. There is no al. 2002; MAuSfeld & S ChMıdT 2003; CAr - doubt that more studies at the molecular and rAnzA & A rnold 2003; JeSuS et al. 2005; morphological level are needed to clarify the WhıTınG et al. 2006; MırAlleS & C Ar- systematic status of the near east skinks of rAnzA 2010). MAuSfeld et al. (2002) rec - the old collective genus Mabuya .

referenCeS

AnderSon , S. C. (1999): The lizards of ıran. ox - ChondroPouloS , B. P. (1986): A checklist of ford (Society for the Study of Amphibians and reptiles – the Greek reptiles. ı. The lizards. - Amphibia-reptilia, SSAr) [Contribution to herpetology no. 15], 442 pp. leiden; 7: 217-235. BArAn , İ. (1977): Türkiye’de Scincidae familyası Greer , A. e. (1977): The systematics and evo - türlerinin taksonomisi [Taxonomy of the Scincidae species lutionary relationships of the scincid lizard genus in Turkey].- doğa Bilim dergisi, Ankara; 1: 217-223. Lygosoma .- Journal of natural history, london [Taylor BArAn , İ. & A TATür , M. K. (1998): Türkiye her - & francis]; 11: 515-540. petofaunası (kurbağa ve sürüngenler) [herpetofauna of JeSuS , J. & B rehM , A. & h ArrıS , d. J. (2005): Turkey (Amphibia and reptilia)]. Ankara (Çevre relationships of scincid lizards ( Mabuya spp.) from the Bakanlığı), 214 pp. islands of the Gulf of Guinea based on mtdnA sequence BAşoğlu , M. & B ArAn , İ. (1980): Türkiye data.- Amphibia-reptilia, leiden; 26: 467-473. Sürüngenleri Kısım ıı. yılanlar. [The reptiles of KuMluTAş , y. & Ö z, M. & d urMuş , h. & Turkey, Part ıı. Snakes], ege üniversitesi fen TunÇ , M. r. & Ö zdeMır , A. & d üşen , S. (2004): on fakültesi Kitaplar Serisi, İzmir; 81: 1-218. some lizard species of the western Taurus range.- BAuer , A. M. (1992): echsen; pp. 126-174. ın: Turkish Journal of zoology, Ankara; 28: 225-236. CoGGer , h. G. & z Weıfel , r. G. (eds.): reptilien & leVıTon , A. e. & A nderSon , S. C. & A dler , K. Amphibien. hamburg (Jahr-Verlag). & M ınTon , S. A. (1992): handbook to Middle east BAuer , A. M. (2003): on the identity of Lacerta amphibians and reptiles. oxford (Society for the Study punctata lınnAeuS , 1758, the type species of the genus of Amphibians and reptiles – SSAr) [Contribution to Euprepis WAGler , 1830, and the generic assignment of herpetology no. 8], 252 pp. Afro-Malagasy skinks.- African Journal of herpeto - lınnAeuS , C . (1758): Caroli linnæi Systema logy, Bloemfontein; 52: 1-7. naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordi - Bırd , C. G. (1936): The distribution of reptiles nes, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, and amphibians in Asiatic Turkey with notes on a col - synonymis, locis. Vol. 1. (10th ed.), holmia [Stock- lection from the Vilayets of Adana, Gaziantep and holm] (l. Salvius), pp. V, 823. Malatya.- Annals and Magazine of natural history, MAuSfeld , P. & S ChMıTz , A. & B ÖhMe , W. & london; 18: 257-281. MıSof , B. & V rCıBrAdıC , d. & r oChA , C. f. d. (2002): BodenheıMer , S. (1944): ıntroduction into the Phylogenetic affinities of Mabuya atlantica SChMıdT , knowledge of the Amphibia and reptila of Turkey.- 1945, endemic to the Atlantic ocean Archipelago of İstanbul üniversitesi fen fakültesi Mecmuasi, fernando de noronha (Brazil): necessity of partition - İstanbul; (Ser. B) 9: 1-78. ing the genus Mabuya fıTzınGer , 1826 (Scincidae: CArrAnzA , S. & A rnold , e. n. (2003): lygosominae).- zoologischer Anzeiger, london, new ınvestigating the origin of transoceanic distributions: york, oxford, Paris, München etc. [elsevier]; 241: mtdnA shows Mabuya lizards (reptilia, Scincidae) 281–293. crossed the Atlantic twice. - Systematics and MAuSfeld , P. & S ChMıTz , A. (2003): Molecular Biodiversity, Abingdon [Taylor & francis]; 1: 275-282. phylogeography, intraspecific variation and speciation ClArK , r. J. & C lArK , e. d. (1973): report on of the Asian scincid lizard genus Eutropis fıTzınGer , a collection of amphibians and reptiles from Turkey. - 1843 (Squamata: reptilia: Scincidae): taxonomic and occasional Papers of the California Academy of biogeographic implications.- organisms, diversity & Science, San francisco; 104: 1-62. evolution, Berlin, heidelberg [Springer]; 3: 161-171. LETZTVERSION_Kumlutas_etal_Trachylepis_aurata_in_south_Anatolia_HERPETOZOA.qxd 01.08.2011 11:40 Seite 10

70 S. h. d urMuş & y. K uMluTAş & A. Ö zdeMır & A. A VCı & Ç. ı lGAz

MerTenS , r. (1924): Amphibien und reptilien reptilien welche bisher in europa aufgefunden sind. aus dem nördlichen Mesopotamien.- Abhandlungen Jena (G. fischer), 960 pp. und Berichte aus dem Museum für natur- und heimat- SındACo , r. & V enChı , A. & C ArPAneTo , G. M. kunde und dem naturwissenschaftlichen Verein in & B oloGno , M. (2000): The reptiles of Anatolia: A Magdeburg , Magdeburg; 3: 376-380. checklist and zoogeographical analysis. - Biogeo- MerTenS , r. (1952): Amphibien und reptilien graphia, Bologna; 21: 441-554. aus der Türkei.- İstanbul üniversitesi fen fakültesi, ToK , C. V. (1999): resadiye (datça) yarımadası Mecmuası, İstanbul; (Ser. B) 17: 41-75. kertenkeleleri hakkında (Gekkonidae, Agamidae, MırAlleS , A. & C ArrAnzA , S. (2010): System- Chamaeleonidae, lacertidae, Scincidae, Amphis- atics and biogeography of the neotropical genus baenidae), [on lizard species of datça (Gekkonidae, Mabuya , with special emphasis on the Amazonian Agamidae, Chamaeleonidae, lacertidae, Scincidae, skink Mabuya nigropunctata (reptilia, Scincidae).- Amphisbaenidae)].- Turkish Journal of zoology, Molecular Phylogenetics and evolution, San diego Ankara; 23 (1): 157-175. [elsevier]; 54: 857-869. Werner , f. (1902): die reptilien- und Amphi- MorAVeC , J. & f rAnzen , M. & B ÖhMe , W. bienfauna von Kleinasien.- Sitzungsberichte der (2006): notes on the taxonomy, nomenclature and dis - Kaiserlichen Academie der Wissenschaften in Wien, tribution of the Trachylepis (formerly Mabuya ) aurata mathematische und naturwissenschaftliche Classe, (lınnAeuS , 1758) complex; pp. 89-93. ın: VenCeS , M. Wien; (Abt. ı) 111: 1057-1121. & K Öhler , J. & z ıeGler , T. & B ÖhMe , W. (eds.): WhıTınG , A. S. & S ıTeS , J. W. Jr . & P elleGrıno , herpetologia Bonnensis ıı. Proceedings of the 13th K. C. M. & r odrıGueS , M. T. (2006): Comparing Congress of the Societas europaea herpetologica, alignment methods for inferring the history of the new Bonn, zoologisches forschungsmuseum A. Koenig world lizard genus Mabuya (Squamata: Scincidae).- and Societas europaea herpetologica (27 September – Molecular Phylogenetics and evolution, San diego 2 october 2005). [elsevier]; 38: 719-730. rASTeGAr -P ouyAnı , n. (2006): ıntra- and inter- yılMAz , İ. (1977): Mabuya aurata (Scincidae, specific geographic variation in the ıranian scincid lacertilia)‘nın Anadolu’da subspesifik durumu [Sub- lizards of the genus Trachylepis fıTzınGer , 1843 specific status of Mabuya aurata (Scincidae, la - (Sauria: Scincidae).- ıranian Journal of Animal certilia) in Anatolia].- ege üniversitesi fen fakültesi Biosystematics, Mashad; 2 (1): 1-11. dergisi, İzmir; (B) 1 (2): 111-137. SChreıBer , e. (1912): herpetologia europaea. eine systematische Bearbeitung der Amphibien und

APPendıX Materials: 53 specimens (18 ♂♂, 22 ♀♀, 13 juveniles) of Trachylepis aurata (lınneAuS , 1758) studied. (zdeu - zoology department of ege university, Buca- İzmir, Turkey)

1 - zdeu 16/2005. 1-4 ( ♀♀ ), 5-6 (juv.), dokurcun 6 - zdeu 31/2002. 1-2 (♀♀), Ceylanpınar, Village, Gaziantep, 23.04.2005, leg. İ. Baran, y. şanlıurfa, 08.05.2002, leg. İ. Baran, y. Kum- Kumlutaş, Ç. ılgaz, A. Avcı; lutaş, Ç. ılgaz, A. Avcı; 2 - zdeu 74/2001. 1 (♀), Karataş, Ceylanpınar, 7 - zdeu 55/2005. 1 (♂), 2-3 (♀♀), 4 (juv.), 16 km şanlıurfa, 03.05.2001, leg. İ. Baran, y. Kum- from Birecik towards halfeti, şanlıurfa, 25.04. lutaş, Ç. ılgaz, A. Avcı; 2005, leg. İ. Baran, y. Kumlutaş, Ç. ılgaz, A. Avcı; 3 - zdeu 81/2001. 1-2 (♂♂), 3-5 (♀♀), 8 - zdeu 88/2005. 1 (♂), 2-3 (♀♀), Küçükalanlı Güzelyurt, Ceylanpınar, şanlıurfa, 03.05.2001, Village, şanlıurfa, 27.04.2005, leg. İ. Baran, y. leg. İ. Baran, y. Kumlutaş, Ç. ılgaz, A. Avcı; Kumlutaş, Ç. ılgaz, A. Avcı; 4 - zdeu 98/2001. 1 (juv.), 65 km from şanlıurfa 9 - zdeu 98/2005. 1 (♂), 32 km from şanlıurfa towards Birecik, şanlıurfa, leg. İ. Baran, y. towards Viranşehir, şanlıurfa, 28.04.2005, leg. Kumlutaş, Ç. ılgaz, A. Avcı; İ. Baran, y. Kumlutaş, Ç. ılgaz, A. Avcı; 5 - zdeu 21/2002. 1 (♀), 2 (juv.), Tektek 10 - zdeu 122/2005. 1 (♂), 17 km from Mardin Mountains, şanlıurfa, 05.05.2002, leg. İ. Baran, towards diyarbakır, Mardin, 30.04.2005, leg. İ. y. Kumlutaş, Ç. ılgaz, A. Avcı; Baran, y. Kumlutaş, Ç. ılgaz, A. Avcı; LETZTVERSION_Kumlutas_etal_Trachylepis_aurata_in_south_Anatolia_HERPETOZOA.qxd 01.08.2011 11:40 Seite 11

Morphology, taxonomy and distribution of Trachylepis aurata (lınneAuS , 1758) in southeast Anatolia 71

11 - zdeu 127/2005. 1 (juv.), 6 km from ergani 15 - zdeu 19/2006. 1 (♂); 2-3 (♀♀), 5 km from towards Çermik, diyarbakır, 30.04.2005, leg. İ. Cizre towards Silopi, şırnak, 10.04.2006, leg. İ. Baran, y. Kumlutaş, Ç. ılgaz, A. Avcı; Baran, y. Kumlutaş, Ç. ılgaz, A. Avcı; 12 - zdeu 138/2005. 1 (♀), 2 (juv.), 48 km from 16 - zdeu 40/2006. 1 (♂), halfeti, şanlıurfa, 12.04. diyarbakır towards Siverek, diyarbakır, 31.04. 2006, leg. İ. Baran, y. Kumlutaş, Ç. ılgaz, A. Avcı; 2005; leg. İ. Baran, y. Kumlutaş, Ç. ılgaz, A. 17 - zdeu 59/2006. 1 (♂), 2-3 (juv.), Acar Village, Avcı; Kilis, 13.04.2006, leg. İ. Baran, y. Kumlutaş, Ç. 13 - zdeu 194/2005. 1-8 (♂♂), 9-10 (♀♀); 11-13 ılgaz, A. Avcı; (juv.), 13 km from Batman towards hasankeyf, 18 - zdeu 61/2006. 1 (♂), 2 (♀), yavuzlu, Kilis, Batman, 13.06.2005, leg. İ. Baran, y. Kumlutaş, 13.04.2006, leg. İ. Baran, y. Kumlutaş, Ç. ılgaz, Ç. ılgaz, A. Avcı, A. h. uçar; A. Avcı; 14 - zdeu 6/2006. 1 (♀), 13 km from Cizre towards 19 - zdeu 95/2006. 1 (juv.), 33 km from şanlıurfa şırnak, şırnak, 08.04.2006, leg. İ. Baran, y. towards Bozova, şanlıurfa, 22.05.2006, leg. İ. Kumlutaş, Ç. ılgaz, A. Avcı; Baran, y. Kumlutaş, Ç. ılgaz, A. Avcı.

dATe of SuBMıSSıon: April 29, 2011 Corresponding editor: heinz Grillitsch

AuThorS: Salih hakan durMuş , Phd , dokuz eylül university, faculty of education, department of Biology, Buca-İzmir-Turkey < [email protected] >; yusuf KuMluTAş , Phd (corresponding author), dokuz eylül university, faculty of education, department of Biology, Buca-İzmir-Turkey < [email protected] >; Adem ÖzdeMır , Phd, Adnan Menderes university, faculty of education, department of Science education, Aydın-Turkey < [email protected] >; Aziz AVCı , Phd, Adnan Menderes university, faculty of Science and Arts, department of Biology, Aydın-Turkey < [email protected] >; Çetin ılGAz , Phd, dokuz eylül university, fauna and flora research and Application Center, Buca-İzmir-Turkey < [email protected] >.