Bridge Structures” Structural Engineering Handbook Ed
Toma, S.; Duan, L. and Chen, W.F. “Bridge Structures” Structural Engineering Handbook Ed. Chen Wai-Fah Boca Raton: CRC Press LLC, 1999 BridgeStructures 10.1General 10.2SteelBridges 10.3ConcreteBridges 10.4ConcreteSubstructures 10.5FloorSystem 10.6Bearings,ExpansionJoints,andRailings ShoujiToma 10.7GirderBridges DepartmentofCivilEngineering, Hokkai-GakuenUniversity,Sapporo,Japan 10.8TrussBridges 10.9RigidFrameBridges(RahmenBridges) LianDuan 10.10ArchBridges DivisionofStructures,California 10.11Cable-StayedBridges DepartmentofTransportation,Sacramento,10.12SuspensionBridges CA 10.13DefiningTerms Wai-FahChen Acknowledgment SchoolofCivilEngineering, References PurdueUniversity, FurtherReading WestLafayette,IN Appendix:DesignExamples 10.1 General 10.1.1 Introduction Abridgeisastructurethatcrossesoverariver,bay,orotherobstruction,permittingthesmoothand safepassageofvehicles,trains,andpedestrians.Anelevationviewofatypicalbridgeisshownin Figure10.1.Abridgestructureisdividedintoanupperpart(thesuperstructure),whichconsistsof theslab,thefloorsystem,andthemaintrussorgirders,andalowerpart(thesubstructure),whichare columns,piers,towers,footings,piles,andabutments.Thesuperstructureprovideshorizontalspans suchasdeckandgirdersandcarriestrafficloadsdirectly.Thesubstructuresupportsthehorizontal spans,elevatingabovethegroundsurface.Inthischapter,mainstructuralfeaturesofcommon typesofsteelandconcretebridgesarediscussed.Twodesignexamples,atwo-spancontinuous, cast-in-place,prestressedconcreteboxgirderbridgeandathree-spancontinuous,compositeplate girderbridge,aregivenintheAppendix.
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