MINNESOTA POISON CONTROL SYSTEM 2019 ANNUAL REPORT SOAP CAFFEINE LAUNDRY DETERGENT PODS INK FREON RUBBINGPAIN ALCOHOL KILLERS BORIC ACID

PAINT HYDROCHLORIC ACID BUTTON BATTERIESK2 RUST REMOVER DYE LSD CYANIDE FOXGLOVE DECONGESTANTS CARBON MONOXIDE BELLADONNA FOREIGN BODIES IRON CHL ORINE GAS TOOTHPASTE DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS OVEN CLEANER COCAINE HAND SANITIZER BEE STING TOBACCO ETHYLENE GLYCOL AMMONIA ANT BAIT PAIN RELIEF CREAM SHAMPOO

MINNESOTA POISON ETHANOL HYDROCODONE CONTROL SYSTEM ANTICOAGULANTS WINDOW CLEANER NICOTINE ANTIHISTAMINES MUSHROOMS ICE MELT ESSENTIAL OILS PESTICIDES ACETAMINOPHEN ANTIDEPRESSANTS DIAPER RASH CREAM GASOLINE FERTILIZER MELATONIN ASPIRIN KRATOM

1-800-222-1222DRAIN CLEANER SYNTHETIC CANNABINOIDS LEAD ANTIFREEZE FUMES VITAMINS LAMP OIL Serving Minnesota since 1972 DEODORANT SULFONYLUREAS COUGH MEDICINE ARSENIC PHILODENDRON KEROSENE HERBICIDE

HELIUM ANTIBIOTICS BETA-BLOCKERS OXYCODONE BABY OIL HYDROGEN PEROXIDE SUNSCREEN TOILET BOWL CLEANER WILD PARSNIP BLEACH NATURAL GAS MOUSE BAIT METHADONE AIR FRESHENER

POISON IVY BROWN RECLUSE

GLOW STICKS LITHIUM CORTICOS TEROIDS AUTOMOTIVE POLISH LILY OF THE VALLEY

OPIOIDS VARNISH Y PEACE LILY METHAMPHETAMINE SILICA GEL PACKETS VENOM CAMPHOR POISON OAK MUSCLE RELAXERS MERCUR ANTACIDS FOOD POISONING FENTANYL BRAKE FLUID ACK WIDOW

INSECT REPELLENT OLEANDER BL CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS NAIL POLISH REMOVER SLEEP AIDS WINDSHIELD WASHER FLUID MINERAL SPIRITS ______MINNESOTA POISON CONTROL SYSTEM 2019 ANNUAL REPORT ______

2019 MEET OUR TEAM

DIRECTOR POISON INFORMATION PROVIDERS Deborah Anderson, PharmD Shawn Anderson Austin Cossalter MEDICAL DIRECTOR Daniel Mattinen Jon Cole, MD, FACEP, FACMT, FAACT Emily Ming Ann Nagle Renee Petroski

ASSOCIATE MEDICAL DIRECTORS Alice Shin Ben Orozco, MD, ABMS Kelly Showel Travis Olives, MD, MPH, ABMS

MEDICAL TOXICOLOGY FELLOWS SENIOR MEDICAL DIRECTOR Justin Corcoran, MD Louis Ling, MD, ABMT Dan McCabe, MD Eric McGillis, MD CLINICAL SUPERVISOR Cole Pueringer, MD Stacey Bangh, PharmD, DABAT Chris Sweat, MD

EDUCATORS CONSULTANTS Lauren Prnjat, MPH Annie Arens, MD, ABMS Kirk Hughes, RN, EMT, CSPI Elisabeth Bilden, MD, FACMT Sean Boley, MD, ABMS SPECIALISTS IN POISON INFORMATION Jennifer Englund, MD, ABMS Rachel Brandt, PharmD, CSPI Rebecca Gardner, MD, ABMS Bradley Carlson, PharmD Katherine Katzung, MD, ABMS Alisha Floan, PharmD, CSPI Michael Kinnan, MD, ABMS Gregory Grande, RPh, CSPI JoAn Laes, MD, ABMS Ted Gray III, RPh, CSPI Jenna LeRoy, MD, ABMS Kirk Hughes, RN, EMT, CSPI Abby Montague, MD, ABMS Ashley Jensen, PharmD, CSPI Sam Stellpflug, MD, FACMT, FAACT Alyssa Klotz, PharmD, CSPI Matthew Sztajnkrycer, MD, FACMT, FAACT Rebecca Lange, PharmD, CSPI Andrew Topliff, MD, ABMS Samantha Lee, PharmD, DABAT Benjamin Willenbring, MD, ABMS Rebecca Meiners, PharmD Jenna Wilkinson, MD, ABMS Ting Regelman, PharmD, CSPI Carrie Spindler, PharmD, CSPI Kelsey Stokkeland, PharmD, CSPI Jill Topeff, PharmD, CSPI Alexandru Ulici, PharmD, CSPI Gregory Wedin, PharmD, DABAT, FAACT Laurie Willhite, PharmD, CSPI - 2 - ______MINNESOTA POISON CONTROL SYSTEM 2019 ANNUAL REPORT ______

ABOUT THE POISON CENTER

• 1-800-222-1222, available 24/7, including all holidays • Calls are free of charge • Minnesota Relay and interpretive services available • Staffed by specially trained pharmacists nationally certified as Specialists in Poison Information • For more information, visit our website: www.mnpoison.org • Take our free online poison prevention training program at training.mnpoison.org or follow us on Facebook or Twitter

2019 KEY FACTS AND STATS

! Provided IMMEDIATE help to 46,283 callers Poison specialists assisted an average of 126 people each day

of patient cases involved of exposures occurring in health28% care providers seeking treatment a92% residential setting were safely managed recommendations at home with Poison Center assistance

39% of cases involved a child 88% of cases transferred from under the age of 6 years nurse lines were managed at home

82% of callers would have 64 %of exposures involved sought emergency medical attention if prescription and/or over-the-counter the Poison Center was not available medications

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POISONING CASES PER COUNTY, 2019

NUMBER AND TYPE OF CASES The Poison Center managed a total of 46,283 cases in 2019. While 43,331 of those cases involved an 2,952 exposure, the remaining 2,952 were 43,331 information exposure cases requests for poison information. cases

46,283 total cases

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AGE OF PATIENTS Poisonings affect individuals of all ages, from babies to seniors. Approximately 39% of exposure cases involved children under the age of 6 years. More serious outcomes were typically seen in teenagers and adults due to a larger number of intentional exposures occurring in these groups.

<2 years of age 2-5 years of age 6-12 years of age 13-19 years of age >20 years of age 7,298 9,643 2,511 4,333 19,317 39% of exposure cases { {

TOP 5 SUBSTANCES INVOLVED IN POISONING

• • Non-Drug • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Drug • • • • • • • • 1 Household Cleaners 1 Analgesics 2 Cosmetics, Personal Care Items 2 Antidepressants 3 Alcohols 3 Sedatives, Hypnotics, Antipsychotics 4 Foreign Bodies, Toys, Silica Gel Packets 4 Cardiovascular Drugs 5 Pesticides 5 Stimulants and Street Drugs

REASON FOR EXPOSURE Individuals who contact the Poison Center have many different reasons for calling. Unintentional exposures can include accidents, mistakes when using products, food poisoning, or errors with medicine. Intentional exposures can be due to abuse, misuse, or suicide attempts. Adverse reactions can happen with drugs or other substances. Other reasons are rarer, but can include tampering or contamination.

Unintentional 30,931 Intentional 10,838 Adverse Reaction 1,035 Other 612

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CALLER SITE More than half of the exposure calls to the Minnesota Poison Control System came from residential settings and over a quarter came from health care facilities (e.g., hospitals, clinics, or emergency medical services providers). Other common call sites included workplaces and schools.

25,496 12,121 4,410 1,196 106 Residence Health Care Facility Other Workplace School

MANAGEMENT SITE 30000 27,719 In 2019, 92% of residential cases were able to be safely managed at home. 25000 For cases originating from health care 20000 15,069 facilities, the Poison Center was able to 15000 assist providers seeking patient treatment 10000 recommendations. By keeping patients at home and reducing average hospital stays 5000 628 with treatment advice, the Poison Center 0 is able to help save both time and money. Non-Health Health Care Other/ Care Facility Facility Unknown

MEDICAL OUTCOMES Minor Effect Overall, 86% of Poison 8,118 Center cases had Moderate Effect outcomes with little 3,879 or no effect being seen in the patient. Prompt 1,838 Unrelated Effect attention to poison exposures helps to 1,039 Major Effect reduce the likelihood of severe toxicity, 48 Death preventing poor 884 Loss to Follow-up, outcomes. Potentially Toxic 27,523 Non-Toxic Exposure

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POISON EDUCATION

PUBLIC EDUCATION PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION Community education efforts focus on The Poison Center also provides vital poison prevention and increasing education for medical professionals and those awareness of the Poison Center’s services in training. among people of all ages. In 2019, more than 3,500 health care In 2019, the Minnesota Poison Control professionals were reached through System participated in almost 130 public education events. Additionally, 61 medical education events that reached more than residents, fellows, students, and pharmacists 25,000 Minnesotans and distributed over were trained by Poison Center staff. 76,000 pieces of educational materials across the state. Furthermore, over 260 individuals completed our online training program during the year!

A new Poison Center display was featured at the 2019 Arrowhead EMS Conference.

LEARN MORE Complete our free online poison prevention training program. It is available at training.mnpoison.org and helps teach about poison safety and using the Poison Center as a free resource.

Visit our website at mnpoison.org for more A vaping-themed pumpkin and poison prevention tips were poison prevention information and to order displayed as part of the Hennepin Healthcare Foundation's materials free of charge. annual pumpkin carving contest in October 2019. TWO WAYS TO GET HELP 1-800-222-1222 or webPOISONCONTROL®

Anyone who has a poison-related question or suspects a poisoning can always get immediate help from a poison expert by calling 1-800-222-1222. Free help is also available 24/7 online by going to www.webpoisoncontrol.org. Based on the information provided about a poison exposure, users are given a case-specific recommendation that helps them decide what to do when substances are swallowed, splashed in the eye or on the skin, inhaled, or injected.

A total of 2,907 Minnesotans received help online by using the webPOISONCONTROL® tool or app in 2019. This number was in addition to the 46,283 phone cases that were managed! - 7 -