.·

1874. CON_GRESSI ONAL RECORD. 1231

That, Benton said, was_the fund~ental principle of all b~pt Mr. MORTON. And there the word "insolvent" is used in its pop ~ · laws, a proceeding of creditors for therr own benefit; and that, he srud, ular sense. . Congress had abandoned. And then he said further- Mr. THURMAN. No, sir; the word "insolvent" is not used there in and made it practically an insolvent law, at the will of the debtor, for the aboli­ the statute in its popular sense; it is used in its legaJ sense. 'Vhere the tion of his debt at his own pleasure. creditor knowing that the debtor is not able to pay his debts, as they fall due in the ordinary course of business, a~tempts to obtain a pref~ That is the thing to which Benton objected. He said the volun­ erence, the ba.nkrupt law deprives him of the benefit of that prefer~ tary part of the act of 1841 made it a mere insolvent law for the dis­ ence, and administers the estate for the benefit of all the creditors charge of the debtor from his debts at his own pleasure, and was alike. unconstitutional, and in violation of the funclamental principle· of Mr. MORTON. May I ask the Senator a question 'f every bankrupt law. Mr. THURMAN. Certainly. But now the Senator from lllinois, and my colleague, too, have got Mr. MORTON. I ask the Senator hii reason, or the reason of the a definition of insolvency' that I think must be rather amusing to the committee, for extending t.he time from fourteen to forty days 'f lawyers of the Senate whose attention has been given to the law more l\Ir. THURMAN. I can tell the Senator what I understand to be than to politics. . They say that insolvency means th::~,t situation or the reason of it. It is because the law is entirely too severe when it condition of a man when his property is not sufficient to ultimately puts a man into bankruptcy because he is compelled, however honest pay his debts, and that therefore every man whose assets may, by he may _be, to suspencl payment of his commercial paper and cannot wise administration and in the course of time, be sufficient to pay his resume m fourteen days. debts, is not, in contemplation of law, an insolvent. They will seek 1\ir. MORTON. I ask the Senator if the reason is not that a period in vain for any such definition of insolvency in any book of the law of fourteen days is not regarded as long enough to enable the man to that ever was written. What iii insolvency' Let us see what the collect his debts or convert his property Now, aoes the Senator courts say insolvency is in contemplation of law; and mark it, they think a period of forty days is long enough for that 'f say it not only in reference to bankl'upt laws, but in reference to the Mr. THURI\IAN. You must fix some limit and you must make a. insolvent laws of the States, and to the statutes of the States which law that will work practically so a-s not to disturb the business of the - prohibit transfers by insolvents, or in contemplation of insolvency by cotmtry. You give a man forty days. He then has that time to turn debtors with intent to prefer creditors. around to procure discounts of thirty days' paper, and if he cannot I :first read from a decision of the supreme court of the State of Ohio arrange with his creditors in forty days, or procure discounts that will in the year 1843, in the case of Mitchell vs. Gazzam, 12 Ohio Reports, enable him to meet his engagements and prevent one~fourth of his pa.ge 336, in which the court say: crerlitors in number and one~third in value from insisting that he CounBel have labored to define the meaning of the term "insolvency." In the mercantile sense it means a person unable to pay his debts accordjng to the ordinary shall go into bankruptcy, the chances are, a hundred to one, that if usages of trade. But in the broad sense use(~ by the statute it means a person you gave him six months he would be in just exactly as bad a con~ whose affairs have become so deranged that he is unal!le to pay his debts as they dition; for, mark it, after the forty days expire, still you cannot put fall due. him into bankruptcy unless one-fourth of the creditors in number That is insolvency; and one-third in amount shall say that he ought to be put into bank~ And if, from such a deranged state of his affairs, and the sense of inability to me~t ruptcy; and when that number do say that, the presumption is fair his moneyed en"'IW'ements, he should transfer his property to a trustee to pay Ius tmtil the contrary is shown to be the case, that that is the sentiment de,bts, we should' ~gard such assignment as made in contemp1ation of insolvency, and or would be the sentiment of the great body of his creditors if they within the meaning of the statute. were consulted. But in order to guard against a mistake of that That is the meaning of the statute. And so the :first English act of kind, if that is not the opinion of the majority of his cr.editors in banh'Tuptcy, the statute of 34 and 35 Henry VIII, in describing who number and value, we have providea that they may come into court are bankrupts, says they "are those not minding to pay or restore any and repl'esent that it is to their interest that the proceedings sh ould their creditors their duties but at their own will and pleasure." be dismissed, and the court may, if they :find that would be for the But, sir, we have plenty of other decisions. I read now from Bump's interest of the creditors, dismiss them. Law and Practice of Bankruptcy : Mr. STEWART . I move that the Sen~te proceed to the considera~ The t erm " insolvency'; is not always 'used in the same sense. It is sometimes tion of executive business. used to denote the insufficiency of the entire property and assets of an individual Mr. EDMUNDS. Of course that is not a debatable question; but! to pay his debts. wish to say that I shall hope to ask the Senate to-morrow to stay here That is the sense in which the Senator uses it, but it is never used and :finish this bill. in a court in that sense. The PRESIDENT pro tempm·e. The question is on the motion of Mr. LOGAN. If the Senator will aJlow me, I stated in the same the Senator from Nevada. connection that under insolvent laws and a bankrupt law that made The motion was agreed to; and the Senate proceeded to the consid­ an iru!olvent by the law, of course the court gave it that construction. eration of executive business. After six minutes spent in executive Where you declare a man to be insolvent for certain acts, the court session the doors were reopen ed, and (at :five o'clockp. m.) the Senate. can decide nothing else, and hence he is insolvent; but I spoke of the adjourned. word "insolvent" itself, as to the meaning of the word outside of that. Mr. THURMAN. The word "insolvent" has a legal signification, and that is the only signification given to it in the courts. Bump HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. says : The term 11 insolvency'' is not always used in the same sense. It is sometimes used THuRSDAY, February 5, 1874 . to denote the instJ.fficiency of the entire property and assets of an individual to pay his debts. This is its general and its popular meaning- The House met at twelve o'clock m. P rayer by t h e Chaplain, Rev. Not its legal meaning, but its general and popular meaning- J . G. BUTLER, D. D. but it is also used, in a more restricted sense, to express the inability of a party The Journal of yesterday was read and approved. to pay his deb~ as they become due in the ordinary course of business. _ SURVEY OF GALENA RIVER. Mr. LOGAN. That is where it is restricted by iaw. The SPEAKER laid before the House a letter from/the Secretary of Mr. THUR IAN. No, sir; that is in every statut e of insolvency. War, in answer to a resolution of the House of January 22, 1874, trans­ It is in this latter sense that the term is used when traders and merchants are mitting maps of the survey of the Galena River; which was referred said to be insolvent. to the Committee on Commerce. Every definition, either under the State laws or under this bankrupt MILITARY POST, KEY WEST, FLORIDA. law, defines insolvency in precisely the same way. It is the inability The SPEAKER also laid before the Honse a letter from the Secre­ of a merchant, banker, broker, or the like, one of these commercial tary of War, in relation to an appropriation for the purchase of a piece people, to pay his debts as they fall due in the ordinary course of busi­ of land adjoining the military post at Key West, Florida; which was ness; his failure, when they fell due, to meet his engagements. And referred to the Committee on Military Affairs. · hence, under the laws of the States which prevent as ignments of the assets by a debtor in contemplation of insolvency with a view to pre­ AGRE.El'\ffiNl' WITH INDIANS IN l'o'"EW MEXICO. fer any creditor, it ha-s ever been held that although he might have The SPEAKER also laid before the House a. letter from the Secre ~ property amply sufficient to pay all his debts ultimately, yet if he tary of the Interior, transmitting an agroonient with Jicarilla Apaches had not property sufficient to pay his debts as they fell due in the anU certain Ute Indians in the 'l'.enitory of New Me~co; which was · ordinary course of business, his assignment was made in contempla­ referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs. tion of insolvency and came within the provisions of the statute. AGREEMENT WITH INDIANS- IN IDAHO. Now, in respect to 'this bankrupt law, I think it will trouble my friend to :find the word "insolvent" in it. He says it is the result of The SPEAKER also laid before the House a letter from the Secre­ statute and of this horrible law, this monstrous law, a-s he claims it tary of the Interior, in relation to an agreement concluded November to be. · I think it would trouble him to fincl the word "insolvent" in 7, Ul73, with the Bannock and other Indians in Southern Idaho; which the whole bankrupt law or in any amendment that we propose, except was l'Cferred to the Committee on Indian Affairs. where it says that the creditor shall have reason to believe the debtor MISSISSIPPI AND GULF Sill.P- C.AJ..~ is insolvent, in certain cases w;here attempts are made to obtain pref- The SPEAKER ~o laid J?efpre the House a letter from the Secre ~ erences. · · · .. · ··- · tary of War, in ~n.sw:e~. to; ~ ~~~~t'\t\{)~ 9~ - tn;e, ~W>.~: 9!: ~a~~l:J: - ~4 ;, ~-8~~ ·.

' . 1232 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. FEBRUARY 5, in relation to a ship-caual to connect the Mississippi River with the REPORT ON IRIUGATION. Gulf of Mexico; which was referred to the Committee on Railways and Mr. WHEELER. I now mill for the regular order. Canals, and ordered to be printed. The SPEAKER. The regular order being called for, the House will COLO)l"EL DE::\-rr..'IS J . KIRBY. now re ume the consideration of the motion of the gentleman from The SPEAKER also laid before the House a letter from the Secre­ Alabama, [!\~r. HAYs, l coming over from yesterday, to recon ider the tary of War, in relation to the case of Colonel Dennis J. Kirby; which vote by winch the House on yesterday adopted a resolution, which was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs. will be re3;d by the Clerk. The Clerk read as follows : . ~DUSTRIAL HO:\ffi SCHOOL, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Resolved, That th Commissioner of A!!riculture be directed to communkate to Mr. MONROE, hy unanimous consent, from the Committee on Edu­ this Honse a. copy of the paper on irrigation contributed to saitl Commissioner at his request, in the year last past, by George P. Marsh, minister of the nited cation anfl Labor, reported back the memorial of --Gangewer and States m Italy. ot.her , for aiel to the Industrial Home School of the District of Colum­ bia ; and moved that the committee be discharged from the further The que tion Was Upon the motion to reConsideT. consid ation of the same? and that it be referred to the Committee Mr. KASSON. On ye t-erday I withdrew my motion to lay this on the District of Columbia. motion to reconsider on the table, in order to enable the gentleman who The motion was agreed to. made it to show rea on why this action of the Hou e should be re­ considered. He seemed to rely upon a letter which was sent by the STRAWBERRY PLAINS IDGH SCHOOL. Commissioner of Agriculture to the Secretary of the Interior and om­ Mr. MONROE also, by unanimous con ent, from the same commit­ municated by the Secretary to this House, which wa.s read at the time tee, reported back, with. t he recommendation that it do not pass, the this resolution was offered and atlopted. Therefore he gives no new bill (H. R. No. 1444) for the :relief of Strawberry Plain High School, rea on, for that letter contained no information not before in the po - East Tenn ee·; and moved that the committee be di charged from se sion of the House. He refers to a clause in that communication the further consideration of the same, and that it be laid on the table. which said th. t it would operate an injustice to Mr. Marsh to trans­ The motion wa.s agreed to. mit the report to the House at this time, and especially exclude it from the report of the Commi sioner. REPORT OF JOHN W. WOODWORTH. To that point I wish to say one word before I renew' illS' motion. Mr. FORT, by unanimous consent, submittecl the following re. olu- I have to remark that there is no correctne s in the statement-that tion; which was read, and, under the law, referred to the Comnuttee this will necessarily ex_clude the paper from the annual r port of the on Printing: · Commis ioner. I cannot understaml why the·Commi ioner eeks to Rl>.solved by the House of Repeaenfativea, (the Senate concurring,) That the Gov- thwart the wish of the House to obtain a copy of this document. He ernment Printer be instructed to print :five thousand copirs of the report of John W. will have the arne right after this'paper shall have been communi­ Woodworth, supervising surgeon of the marine hos}Jitalservice of tho United States catecl to this Hou e to publish it in his report as if it had never seen for the year 1873, for the use of the Senate and House of Representatives. the light. This report is not yet ordered to be published, and has TERRITORIAL COURTS. not been for two years. I hope that provision may be made for its Mr. POLAND. I ask unanimous consent to report from the Judi- publication. How long before it will see the light I do not know. ciary Committee a bill concerning the practice in territorial courts But this article is wanted for the information of the public at once. and appenls therefrom. I desire that it shall be con idered now. I think there is no force in the objection which the Commissioner 1\Ir. ·wHEELER. I object, and call for the re~ular order. raises. It will he optional with him to publish this document or not Mr. POLAND. I think it will give rise to no aebate. in his report as he may choose. . :Ml·. WHEELER. If it gives rise to no debate I will not object. As regards the statementthat the communication of tbisdocnment The SPEAKER. The bill will be read, after which the Chair will to Congress may work injustice to 1\Ir. 1\Iarsh, I wish to refer to a letter a k for objection. from -that gentleman, addres eel to myself, in which he expres e the The bill was read. opinion that this communication should see the light, and e it early. The preamble states that by the organic acts establishing several It is not nece ary that I should read the whole letter; but I will give of the Territories of the United States it is provided that certain a brief extract, showingtherelationof Mr. Marsh's paper to the legis­ courts thereof shall have common-law and chancery jurisdiction; and lation of Congre upon this subject. In thi.3 letter, which is dated doubts have been entertained whether said jurisdictions must be ex- Rome, January 1, 1874, Mr. Marsh says: ercised epru:ately, OT whether they may be exercised together in the I bad observeP. in ma.ny newspaper articles on thi topic a. great i.!!llorance in same proceeding, and whether the codes and rules of practice adopted regard to the relation of irrig:t.tion not merely to agricultm·e but to legislative and in said Territories whjch have authorized a mingling of said jurisdic- social conctition , and I was glad of an opportunity of pointing out tho danger of · · th diu -.-:.c f lin · all rash and hasty a.ction on the snbject, an

Mr. KASSON. I have already answered the suggestion just made law to use an official seal, that said entry is made for the cultivation of timber, and upon filing said affidavit with said register and said receiver, and on payment of ten by the gentleman from Alabama. The communication of this paper dollars, he or she shall thereupon be permibted to enter the quantity of land speci­ to Con!Jress, and its publication by us, will not prevent the Conrnrrris­ fied ; and the party making an entry of a quarter-section under the provisions of sioner from including it in his report if he wishes to do so. We need this act shall be required to break ten acres of the land covered thereby the first the document as early as possible for distribution to those regions year, ten acres the second year, and twenty acres the third year after date of entry, and to plant ten acres of timberthesecond year, ten acres the third year, and twenty of country where this que!ffion of irrigation is being agitated, so acres the fourth year after date of entry. A party making an entry of eighty acres that they may have the benefit of the very important information shall break and plant at the times hereinbefore prescribed, one-half of the quantity contained in the paper. I hope it will be published in both forms­ required of a party who enters a quarter-section, and a party entering forty acres in the form of a congressional document, and also in the Commission­ shall break and plant, at the timeshereinbeforeprescrib d, one-quarter of the quan­ tity required of a party who enters a quarter-section, or a. proportionate quantity er's annual report. for any smaller fra-ctional subdivision: Provided, however, That no final certificate­ Mr. HAYS. The Commissioner of Agriculture, in his letter which shall be given or patent issued for the land so entered until the expiration of eight was read yesterday at the Clerk's desk, states emphatically that the years from the date of such entry; and if at the e~iration of such time, or at any sendin~ of this paper to this House will very materially interfere time within three years thereafter, the person making such entry, or, if he or she be dead his or her heirs or legal representatives, shalf prove by two credible wit­ with his report. nesses, that he, or she, or they have planted, and, for not less than eight years have Mr. SPEER. Does not the Commissioner make his report for the cultivated and protected, such quantity and character of timber as aforesaid, they benefit of the country, not for his own benefit t shall receive a patent for such quarter-section or legal subdivision of eighty or forty Mr. HAYS. That is my understanding. acres of land, or for any fractional quantity of less than forty acres, as herein pro· vided. .. :Mr. SPEER. Then, if this paper contains valuable information, SEC. 3. That if at any time after the filing of said affidaVit, and ~rior to the issu­ the sooner the country gets it the better. ing of the patent for said land, it shall be proved, after due notice to the party :Mr. KASSON. As to the statement of the Commissioner that the making such entry and claimin~ to cultivate such timber, to the satisfaction of the communication of this paper to the House willnece sarily exclude it register and the receiver of the 1and office subject to appeal to the Commissioner of the General Land Office, that such person has abandoned the land, or failed to do the from the annual report of the Commissioner I only repeat that the breaking and planting required by this act, or any part thereof, as hereinbefore matter will be entirely under his own controi. He can if he chooses prescribed, or failed to cultivate, protect, ~d keep in good condition such timber, include the document in hls report after we have sent it out as a then and in that event, the entry shall be canceled, and said land shall revert to the United Stat~s and become subjecttodisposal a.s otherpubliclands, unless again congressional document. entered under the provisions of this act within the period of four years after such Mr. HAYS. What reason is therefor printing this paper in advance cancellation. of the Commissioner's annual report, of which it is properly a part f SEC. 4. That ea-ch and every person who, under the provisions of the act entitled Mr. KASSON. I answer the gentleman that this information is "An act to secure homesteads to actual settlers on the public domain," approved May 20, 1862, or any amendment thereto, having a homesteaa on said public do­ needed for the benefit of those regions where the work of irrigation mam, who at any time after the end of the third year of his or her residence thereon is going on. There is not a Delegate from any of the Territories who shall, in a{idition to the settlement or improvements now required by law, have will not say that this information is required a-s early as possible. had under cultivation, for two years, one acre of timber, the trees thereon not being Mr. l\IcQORMICK. I have received a number of letters and memo­ moxe t.b.an twelve feet apart each way, and in a good thrifty condition, for each and every, sixteen acres of said homestead, shall, upon due proof of such fact by two rials on this subject of irrigation. There was lately held at Denver, credible witnes es, receive his or her patent for said homestead. Colorado Territory, a convention, embracing delegates from various SEc. 5. That no land acquired under the provisions of this act shall in any event parts of the country, to take action on the question. We shrul ask become liable to the satisfaction of any debt or debts contracted prior to the issuing legislation on the subject at this session, and every document which of certificate therefor. SEC. 6. That the Commissioner of the General Land Office is hereby required to may present information on the subject should be within our reach at prepare and issue such rules aud regulations, cons~ent with this act, as shall be the earliest p<'ssible moment. Therefore, I ask the House to let us 0 have.this document at once; we ought not to be required to_await the :::~~rv~d gpt~~r ~v~~~l~~:: ~aiT~a~~ b!;e:n~l~~a;o~:c~~~st;~ ~~t printing of the Commissioner's annual report. lars at the time of entry, and the same sum when the claim is finally established and the final certificate issued. • l\fr. KASSON. I renew my motion to lay on the table the motion - SEC. 7. That the fifth section of the act entit)ed "An act in addition to an act to reconsider. to punish crimes a~ainst the United States, and for otherpurpo es," approved March The question being taken on the motion, there were-ayes 31, noes 3, 18G7, shall extenu to all oaths, affirmations, and affidavits required or authorized by this a-ct. not counteP-. SEQ. 8. That parties who have already made entries under t.b.e act approved March Mr. KASSON called for tellers. 3, 1873, of which this is amendatory, shall be permitted to complet~ the same upon Tellers were ordered; andl\!r.KAssoN and Mr. HAYS were appointed. full compliance with the provisions of this act. . The House again divided; and the tellers reported-ayes 41, noes not counted. . Mr. HOLMAN. I tr-q,st the gentleman from Minnesota will explain l\Ir. KASSON. I do not ask for any further vote. in what respect that differs from the act passed la~t March. So the House refused to lay the motion to reconsider on the table. Mr. WILLARD, of Vermont. I reserve the point of order that the The motion to reconsider wa-s agreed to. bill makes a grant of public lands. The SPEAKER. The resolution is before the House. Mr. DUNNELL. If the point of order is to be made I will ask the Mr. HAYS. I move to lay the resolution on the table. bill go to the Committee of the Whole on the state of the Union, ft>nd The motion was agreed to. be made a special order for Thursday two weeks from to-day. Mr. HOLMAN. I trust the point of order will not be made. MOR..~G HOUR. Mr. DUNNELL. It will not take long to dispose of it. The SPEAKER. The morning hour now begins at twenty-seven Mr. HOLMAN. Let us have an explanation of it. It seems to be minutes past twelve o'clock, and reports are in order from the Com­ an important public measure. mittee on the Public Lands. Mr. WILLARD, of Vermont. I make the point of order. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Vermont raises the point of COLORADO CANAL ffiRIGATION AND L.U,TJ> COMPANY. order. The bill makes a grant of. public property and must have its Mr. TOWNSEND, from the Committee on the Public Lands, reported :first consideration in Committee of the Whole. The Chair sustains back adversely a bill (H. R. No. 1500) to incorporate the Colorado the point of order. The gentleman' from Minnesota asks the bill be Canal Irrigation and Land Company, and for other purposes; and the made a special order in Cemmittee of the Whole on the stn.te of the same was laid on the table. Union, for this day two weeks: Is there objection f GROWTH OF TlliBER ON THE WE.STERN PRAIRIES. Mr. BUTLER, of Massachusetts. I objeot, if it is propo ed to make it a special order to the exclu ion of all.other special orders. Mr. DUNNELL, from the same conrnrrritt~, reported back a bill (H. Mr. DUNNELL. I suppose there will be no objection if it be made R. No. 1558) to amend an act entitled "An act to encourage the growth a special order, but not to the exclusion of all other special orders. of timber on western prairies," with the recommendation that it do .1\Ir. MAYNARD. I do not object if it does not antagonize special pas.'3. orders already made. ·I would suggest to the gentleman to postpone The Clerk read the bill, as follows: the matter some time further) say to this day three weeks. That the act entitled "An act to encourage the growth of timberon western prai­ Mr. DUNNELL. It is an amendment to the law of last winter, ries," approved March 3, 1873, be, and the same is nereby, amended so as to read as follows: and 'it is important it should be passed at an early day so it may have That any person who is the head of a family:, or who has arrived at the age of action in the Senate in order that the settlers upon the public domain, twenty-one years, anu is a citizen of the UIDted States, or who shall have filed early in the coming spring, may know how to take their course. his declaration of intention to become such, as required by the naturalization laws Mr. MAYNARD. I give notice that on this day week I will en­ of the United States, ·who shall plant, protect, and keep in a healthy, growing condition for eight years, forty acres of timber, the trees thereon not oeing more deavor to go into committee on the business of the Banking and Cur- · than twelve feet-apart each way, on any quarter-sectiOJ?. of any of the public lands rency Conrnrrrittee. _ of the United States or twenty acres on any legal subdivision of eighty acres, or Mr. DUNNELL. The amendments are few and simple, and the . ten acres on any leg~ subdivimon of forty acres, or one-fourth part of any fractional subdivision of land less than forty acres, shall be entitled to a patent for the whole House mi

1\Ir. WILLARD, of Vermont. In its present form f stated in regard to it by the p;entleman from Minnesota, except t.hnt Mr. DUNNELL. Yes, sir. the committee, having carefully considered the bill, are unanimous in Mr. WILLARD, of Vermont. Then I withdraw my oujection. recommending its pas age. 'I he SPEAKER. The bill is before the Honse, and the question is Mr. DUNNELL. I yieldnowtothegcntlemanfromNebraska [JI.Ir. on its engrossment and third reading. CROUNSE.] Mr. HOLMAN. I hope the gentleman from Minnesota will explain Mr. WILLARD, of Vermont. I understand that the bill is being the difference betweeu this bill and the law pas ed la t March. considered in the House as in Committee of the Whole, under the Mr. DUNNELL. :Mr. Speaker, I will state the amendments made :five-minute rule. I yielded my point of order on that understanding. to the existing law by the pending bill. Under the present law it is Mr. HERNDON. Before I give up the :floor I desire to yielu to the made necessary that the entire forty acres to be cultivated with trees, gentleman from .Arizona [Mr. McCORl\IICK] for a question. in order to secure the one hundred and sixty acres, shall be planted Jl.fr. McCORMICK. Does the bill require that ten acres a year the first year, the same year the entry is made; that the land be shall be planted; and if so, does the gentleman consider that t hat is broken the first year, and the same year the forty acre be planted not too much T with tree . It will be seen at once by those gentlemen of the House Jl.fr. HERNDON. In answer to the gentleman's question I will state who come from the prairie States and Territories that that provision that from the petitions presented to the committee and from the infor­ renders the law wholly impracticable. mation they have receiveu it was not considered that ten acres of tree This bill proposes the following amendment: that ten acres of were too much to require to be pla.nted annually upon one hundred and ]and shall be plowed the fu·st year, ten acre:s the second, and twenty sixty acres. Those who are seeking to derive benefit from this law acres the third; that ten a-cres shall be planted the second year, ten did not want to plant in less quantities than ten acres annually. They the third, and twenty acres the fourth year. So that the same land seem to be satisfied with it; and as the object of the act is to encom­ mu t be cultivated as under the olu law, yet it gives tlrree years in age the growth of timber, the committee thought that ten acres were which to do it. In the first year ten acres of the land are to be broken, not too much, provided that those seeking this advantage did not a k in the second year ten acres are to be broken and ten acres to be for any less number of acres. planted; in the third year twenty acres to be broken and ten acres to Jlfr. DUNNELL. I now yield to the gentleman from Nebraska, be planted; and in the fourth year twenty acres are to be planted-the [Mr. CROUNSE. J twenty acres plowed in the third year. That is the important amend­ Mr. CROUNSE. For the pmpose of testing the sense of the Hou e, ment in this bilL I move to strike out so much of the first section of this bill as restrict :Mr. WILLARD1 of Vermont. How does it differ, in that respect, each per on who undertakes to avail himself of the benefit of this act from the old 1:1w l' to one quarter-section of land, that is, I move to strike out the pro­ Mr. DUNNELL. The sari:le amount is required-forty acres-but viso, which reads as follows: only one year was allowed in which to do the plowing and planting. Provided, That not more than one-fourth of any section shall be thus granted, But it was considered that one year was needed, in which the sod and that no :person sha~ ~!1ke more than one entry under the provisions of this act, should rot, before the planting should commence. unless fractional subdiVISlOns of less than forty acres are entered, which in the I may say that there is a report accompanying this bill, and that aggregate, shall not exceed one qnarter.section. ' · there are in the hands of the committee many petitions, containing As I understand. the object of this bill, it is to promote the growth thousands of names, asking for it. I may say, also, that this bill has of timber upon the western. prairies. That being its object, it has attracted a great deal of attention, and is asked for in all those sec­ my earnest support and sympathy. Already we have acts sufficient tions of the country which are intended to be benefited by it. to grant to each person who desires a home a sufficient quantity of The old law also provided that the fees should be the same as under public land for the purpose; more particularly that act which allows · the homestean and pre-P.mption laws. This bill proviues that the a party de iring a homestead to secure a portion of the public domain entire fees shall be fourteen dollars- a fee of ten dollars, and two under certain regulations and restrictions. That, of course, is a very dollm'S aR a fee when the entry is made, and two dollars when the beneficent act, and one which has commended itself to the country. :final proof is offered. This i a reduction in the amount asked from But, as I understand the purpose of this bill, it is to encourao-e the the settler-a reduction of about ten dollars in the aggregate. The growth of timber, and meet one of the most serious wants of the w~stern old fees were from eighteen to twenty-six dolla.I , and here a uniform people. It j not for the immediate benefit of the partywhoplants the fee of fourteen dollars is rcquired . timber, because he can avail him elf of the opportunity to secure the Under the old law the per ons entering were compelled in every land in another direction which he may secure under this act. The instance to go to the land office andmake the entry in person. This, purpose of this bill, as will be seen, is to obtain the largest amount in many sections of the country, involves con iderable expense, and of timber upon the prairies, not for the benefit of the individua.llocater is thought to be unnecessary. This bill provides that the person or the person who takes up the land, but for the benefit of those who · making the entry may do so before an officer of the county wherein live round a,bout him, and to induce immigration to that portion of the land lies, who has an official seal- the clerk of the court. the country. If it is understood that in the northwest quarter of Anot her provision to which I will call attention i that, while the Nebraska, for instance, there are immense forests, immigration woulu old law required ten years of cultivation, the present law requires immediately rush in that direction. But as it is settlers confine them­ but eight. There is also a provision in this bill that a party now selves to settlements along the stream , where there are hereand there on any portion of the public lands under the homestead law may, a few stracrgling tree , and they also set out trees, not only for their · after the expiration of three years, if h e shall have under cultivation own benefit, but for the benefit of those who may seek to secme or ten acres of trees on one hundred and sixty acres, then prove up ancl purchase the timber from them. · receive his patent at the end of three years; while under the present Now, if this restriction be taken from the bill, then men of en­ homestead law he would be compelled to remain on the land :five terprise and capital would go into this ma.tter upon a broad scheme. . ears. If he shall plant ten acre of trees, and have tho e tree in a They would take up perchance thousa.nd.!3 of acres of land for the healthy, growing condition, he will have the ad vantage of two years purpose, and the more the better, and proceed systematicall with the over the old law. work. Men who have capital, by meaus of which they could purcha e I do not recollect that there are any other amendments. Th gen­ trees-not the man who has not the means to locate a home tead under tleman from Texas [JI.Jr. HERNno. ] was with myself on the suu-com­ the pre ent law, but men whoh11.vethe capital-wouldplantthetrees mittee, which gave this bill a very thorou~h :mel c:ueful examination. a.nd furnish the timber to those who cannot now procure it in any I see that he bas t he bill in his hands, ana if he desires to make any other wn,y. If the object is, as I suppose it to be, to secure the growth statement which I have omitted, I will ue glad to have him do so: and of timber, it seems to me that this restriction should be taken from yield to him for that purpose. the bill. JI.Ir. HERNDON. I recollect no additional amendments of any im­ Mr. DUNNELL. One word in answer to the gentleman from Ne­ portance to the existing law other than those which hc'\ve been stated braska, [Mr. CROUNSE.] We do not propose this bill in the intere t by the gentleman who bas just addre88ed the H ouse. This bill is a of men who want to plant thousands of acres of timber, but in the modification to some extent of the act passed on the 3d of March last. int rest of individual settlers and of poor men. We do not want any It le sens the length of time by two years. That bill required ten one man to have the right to enter large quantities of the public lands years of cultivation; this requires eight. This bill also assimilates under this law. I trust the amendment of the gentleman from Ne­ t he law to that allowing persons to obtain home teads. The committee braska will not be adoptecl. This bill has been thoroughly examined have given the subject a very thorough investi~ation, and have car - again and again by the Committee on the Public Land , and we have fully guarded every point that they thought nnght be open to abuse conferred 'vith the Commissioner of the General Land Office upon the in any way by persons seeking the advantage of the act. subject. It is believed to be the policy of the Government to encourage Mr. SPEER. I hope the House will not adopt the amendment, economy of the timber aJ.ready growing upon the public domain, and becau e, if I understand this bill, it is to secure not alone the cultiva­ to encoura~ the further growth of timber. As was stated, the act of tion of timber in our Western Tenitories, but also the settlement of March 3, 11:573, was not intended or expected to be complete in itself, tho e Territories. but simply to be the beginning of a policy inaugurated uy the Gov­ Ir. CROUNSE. That has already been done under the homestead emment. This act is an extension, to some extent, of that act, and a act. modificat ion of it, so as to carry .out that policy more extensively than 1-Ir. SPEER. This would open up the whole Western. Territories to the first act; in other words, to encourage the growth of timber upon speculators. the public domain, and with this view, to grant a portion of.the pub­ Mr. CROUNSE. Who would speculate for the be:p.etit of the people. lic domain as compensation for its encouragement. Mr. SPEER. Who would speculate in the land after planting it with I do not know that I can state anything further than has been trees. It seems to me to be a perversion of the original true purpose 1874. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. 1235 of the act, and would defeat the object of the last Congress in p·assing 1\Ir. BURCHARD. I regret that I have not here the communica­ the bill which it did, and the object of this present bill. I trust, tions to which I have referred. •I think the adoption of some such therefore, the amendment will not be adopted. I will ask the gen­ amendment as I suggest is very necessary to prevent the require­ tleman from :Minnesota, [Mr. DUID\"'ELL,] in charge of this ~ill, ments of the bill operating as a hardship. When a settler goes on whether it does not give the number of acres planted in timber trees year after year planting the required number of acres, he should at in. addition to the one hundred and sixty acres. allowed under the the end of eight years receive his certificate, if he has the requisite homestead act 'f . number in cultivation, thou(J'h casualty during a particular year may Mr. DUNNELL. No; the settler enters one hundred and sixty acres, have caused a temporary :£allure to comply with the requirements of and of that numb{lr he must plant forty acres. the act. This bill proposes to require that there shall be planted and Mr. CROUNSE. · Let me inquire whether the fact that a man plants cultivated a certain number of acres each year. The amendment I timber on a. quarter-section only settles that quarter-section any more propose is to the effect that if the settler, after going on two years in than if he had set out timber on a hundred quarter-sections f good faith planting the number of acres required, should be prevented Mr. SPEER. If you limit each settler to one hundred and sixty by casualty during one of the subsequent years from planting or cul­ n,cres, then upon a section of land you would have four settlers. tivating the required number of acres, the Commissioner, upon proof Mr. CROUNSE. They are nop settlers merely because they set out of that fact at the end of eight years, may·give him a final certificate timber. of patent at that time, provided he has the whole quantity growing Mr. SPEER. As I understand it, the bill requires that they shall that the act requires. be heads of families. Mr. DUNNELL. That question was canvassed by the committeE!, Mr. CROUNSE. But they are not required to live upon the land. canvassed in the presence of the Commissioner, and canvassed by gen­ Mr. DUNNELL. The object of the restriction is to guard the pub- tlemen pointing to individual cases of hardship; but if we open that lic lands against speculation. · door many men might set fire to their timber or be careless in its pro­ 1\lr. . SPEER. If I understand it, the only persons entitled to the tection; and we thought it would be better to pass the bill without any benefit of this bill are heads of families. such provision, and the House ought not to adopt any such amendment. 1\fr. CROUNSE. But they are not required to live upon the land. 1\lr. POTTER. I agree with the gentleman from Minnesota the bill l\.1r. SPEER. It is evidently intended that they shall be personally is in the interest of the growth of timber upon prairie lands and not resident upon it. to provide settlers with homesteads. There are other laws for that 1\lr. SMITH, of Ohio. I would inquire this of the gentleman from purpose. If the amendment of the gentleman from Illinois should 1\Iinnesota, -[1\fr. DUNNELL :] Under the general homestead act a per­ prevail, the result would be that nearly every settler would be subject son can take up a quarter-section of land and settle upon it. Is it to such casualties, and trees which should be of eight years'.growth proposed that he shall occupy anotherquarter-sectionof land anywhere will turn out to be only of two years' growth. in the neighborhood, provided he plants the timber on that land f If 1\fr. McCORMICK. Let me ask the gentleman from Minnesota so, that would give him a half-section of land. whether we cannot make an arrangement like this: that for every year 1\lr. DUNNELL. Yes, sir. which is lost by·fire or other casualty the settler be allowed an addi­ 1\lr. TOWNSEND. The importance of the passage of this _bill must tional year. In case of fire or of a dry season the settler should have an be seen at once by gentlemen from theWestern States and Territories adrutional number of· years equal to the years which have been lost. when they remember the fact that every year thousands of a-cres of Mr. DUNNELL. I think that would be a dangerous provision, and timber land are being laid bare and millions of trees are being sawed the result would be we would have a great many fires every year. up, so that 1\lr. Emerson, who has written a book upon the Timber 1\lr. HERNDON. The committee deemed that point was sufficiently Trees of .America, tells us that at the present rate of destruction the covered by section 3. That section provides, in the event of a person timber lands of the country will, in fifteen or twenty years, be entirely taking the benefit of this bill who fails from any cause whatever to denuded. Hence we are exceedin~ly anxious that every encourage­ carry out the provisions of the law within a period of eight years, the ment should be given to the planting and growth of timber trees to entry shall be canceled, but the land does not revert immediately to supply the waste that is continually going on. I hope, therefore, that the United States, but is heldopen subjecttoentryagain bythe sn,me this bill will pass without any opposition. party within a period of two years. Let me add that in ~qost of the European countries there are gov­ Mr. SPEER. Where is that provision' ernmental bureaus of forest trees, having charge of the cultivation 1\lr. HERNDON. It is section 3, which I ask the Clerk to read. and preservation of the trees of those countries. I think the day is The Clerk read as follows : not far distant when we shall be under the necessity of instituting a SEc. 3. That if at any time after the filing of said affidavit, and prior to the issuing bureau of somewhat similar character. of the patent for said land, it shall be proved, after due notice to the party makinl7 • Mr. BURCHARD. I have received letters from gentlemen in the such entryandclaimingtocultivatesuchtimber, tothesatisfactionoftheregisterana Territories who make one criticism upon this bill, and ask for an the receiver of the land office, subject to appeal to the Commissioner of the General Land Office, that such person has abandoned the land, or failed to do the breaking adrutional provision. In the prairie country the timber~' of course, and planting required _by this act, or any part thereof, as hereinbefore prescribert., liable at times to be burned. H ence they ask the insertion of a provis­ or failed to cultivate, protect, and keep m good condition such timber, then, and ,in ion that in case of casualty by fire or other accident, or in case of a dry that event, the entry shall be canceled, and said land shall revert to the United season causing the trees to die out, the requirement with reference to States, and become sn~ject to disposal as other public lands, unless again entered under the provisions of this act within the period of four years after such can­ protecting and cultivating a specified quantity of timber each year cellation. shall not operate. I have prepared an amendment to cover this point. As I understand, the provisions of the bill require that the party M:r. DUNNELL. I hope we shall now have the previous question. applying for its benefit must keep a certain quantity of timber grow­ 1\lr. HERNDON. I wish to state further that covers the amendment ing and protected each year. The gentleman will see that such a offered by the gentleman from Dlinois, [Mr. BURCHARD,] becn,use the requirement must operate at times as a great hardship. If a settler same person who entered this land will have a period of four years after years of cultivation should fail for one single season to comply after the grant is canceled to re-enter it if he should meet with any with the requirement, owing to una-voidable casualty, be ought not such calamity or accident as ha-s been ·stated. to forfeit the advantages of the act. 1\lr. LOWE. I offer the following amendment to section 3. In 1\Ir. WILSON, of Iowa. The gentleman will allow me to suggest that section, in line 14, strike out" four" and insert "one." that trees planted under the requirements of this act could be pro­ Now, I observe in this section a failure to comply with the provis­ t ected from fire by plowing around the tract. There is no reason at ion of the act subjects the party to a cancellation of the entry, all all why a man planting timber on the prairies should not be able prop­ of which seems to be entirely correct; but the thirteenth and four­ erly to protect it. The requirement of the bill is not onerous. The teenth lines of this section provide the land substantially shall be amendment suggested by the gentleman would render the act entirely withheld from the market under any other law of the United States, nugatory1 and I hope it will not' be adopted. unless it shall be entered under this act within a period of four Mr. BURCHARD. Perhaps in some cases it may be possible for the years. · I suppose the object of this to be that the lands- which once settler to provide protection against fire, but I do not think it possi­ have been appropriated to the cultivation of timber shall not be ap­ ble in all cases. Besides, he cannot provide against the occurrence propriated to any other purpose unless within tliat period of·four years of dry seasons. There are seasons occasionally when it is impossible it shall be re-entered under the provisions of this act. While there to keep growing timber, especially planted trees, alive. I understand may be some propriety in thus holding the land open for a reasonable that this bill, according to the interpretation given to it by the com­ period for re-entry under the provisions of this act, I see no reason mittee, will require that ten acres shall be planted each year, and why the time should be so extended. . that the timber shall be protected so as to be kept alive. 1\lr. DUNNELL. If he will make it "two" instead of "one," I will The amendment I propose to submit is in this language: : consent to his amendment. !rovided, That if by t;tnavoida.ble casnalt:y the person applying for the benefit of ; 1\Ir. LOWE. Very well; I will modify my amendment so a.s to make this act shall, after havmg broken the reqmred quantity of land and planted the . it two years. acres of timber required for the second year, be prevented durina- a. subsequent Mr. DUNNELL. Now I call for the previous question. year from complying with the conditions therein required for such"' year, he shall, I nevertheless, upon proof of such fact satisfactory to the Commissioner at the expira­ · 1\Ir. COBB, of Kansas. should like to ask the gentleman a ques­ tion of said eight years, be entitled to final certificate and patent as provided herein. tion before the previous question is called. The bill provides that a. party attempting to procure lands under its provisions shaJ]. plant so Mr. SPEER. I have not halt time to examine this bill very carefully, many trees one year, so. many the second year, so many the third year, hence I wish to ask the gentleman from Minnesota [1\Ir. DUNNELL] and so many the fourth year. I wish to ask him wheth'er he will not whether the ri~ht of the settler can begin to rnn until he makes his allow an amendment to be offered in the sixteenth line by which the claim of bounaa.ry and files it with the register of the district 'l - settler may plant the whole forty acres the second year if be chooses Mr. J;>DmTELL. Certainly not. to do so. 1236 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. FEBRUARY 5,

Ur. DUNNELL. Nothing in the bill relates to t at at all. The Kearney, by order of the Pre ident, date(l 9th of April, 1846, ancl matter of planting is simply permissive. therefore illegal. The preamble further recites that t he Secretary of }.-lr. COBB, of Kan as. I will ask the gentleman f,rom Minne ota War, by letter under date of the 11th of March, 1870, advi ed the if it is not very probable that the officer of the l::l,nd office, when Secretary of the .Interior "that the United States military reserva­ requested for a deci ion on this matter, will decide that it is manuatory tion at Fort Kearney, on the l\1i ouri River, is no longer required for instead of being permis ive. military purposes;" ancl that the register and the receiver at Council Mr. DUNNELL. I think not. I call for the previous question. Bln.ffi , Iowa, have reporteu, under. elate of 1\Iay 23, 1870, to the General The previous que tion wa seconded and the main que tion ordered. Land Office, that, due notice havjng been given to all persons having The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report the .first amendment of t ho e any intere tin the same to appear uefore t.hem on the 1 t.h day of May, pending. 1 70, and show cause why the above-named entries should not be con­ The Clerk read as follows : firined by act of Congre , no auve rse claimants appeared before them. Strike out the proviso in line 22 to line'%/, section 1, a follows: The bill, therefore, provides that the said described entries and sel c­ Provided, That not more than one quarter of any section shall be thus granted, tions be, and the same are hereby, confirmed; and that patents be and that no person shall make more than one entry under the provision of thi, authorized to issue for the same as in other ca esprovided for bylaw, act unless fractional subdivisions of less than forty acres are enten.ltl which, in t he and the title to the right of wayt depot-ground , and river frontao-e aggregate, shall not exceed one quarter-section. acquired by the Blll'lington and .1\fissouri River Railroad Company, The amendment was not agreed to. and the Kan as City, Saint Jo eph and Council Bluffs Railroad Com­ The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report the next amendment. pany, under the laws of the State of Iowa, by purcha e from the above­ The Clerk read as follows : named parties, or by condemnation or release, is her by confirmed. .A.dd at the end of section 2 the folio win"" proviso: l\ir. WILLARD, of Vermont. I believe that bill is subject to the Provided further, That if by unavoidable casualty the person applyin._g for the point of order. benefit of this act shall, after havina- broken the r quired quantity of 1an~ and ~Ir. ORR. I desire to state briefly the objects of this bill; and then planted the acres of timber required' for the scconcl year, be prevented dunng a subsequent year from complying with the conilitions that are required for each the point of order, perhaps, may not be insisted on. year, he shall, nevertheless, upon proof of such fact, satisfactory to the Commis­ The SPEAKER. The point of order will be con iuered as reserved. sioner, at the expiration of said eight years, be entitled to a final certificate and Mr. ORR. The lands embraced in the description in this bill were patent as provided herein. a military reservation, the old Fort Kearney reservation, or a part of The amendment wa not ao-reecl to. it. The military buildings themselves were never located upon the e The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report the next amendment. lands. The fort was removed some two hundred miles west of the The Clerk read as follows: :Missouri River, and the re ervation was years ago abandoned. .After In section 3, line 14, strike out "four" and in ert "two;" o it will read: the abandonment of these lands, they were deemed Government land . The entry shall be canceled and said lantl shall revert to the United tatcs and .And the land officers at Council Bluff: , suppo ing it to be Govern­ become suoject to di po ala other public lands, unless again entered under the ment land, went on and sold it as they did other Government land, provisions of this act within the period of two years after such cancellation. and it was sold to the parties named in the preamble of this bill. It The amendment was agreed to. was afterwards found that two railroads had located their tracks and The bill, as amended, was ordered to ue engrossed ann read a third were in operation across this land, and that by the laws of condemna­ time; and being engros ed, it was accordingly read the third time tion in the State of Iowa they had secured their right of way ; from and passed. some they ha-d purchased it, and with others who were not residents Mr. DUNNELL moved to reconsider the vote by which the bill was the nece sary process of condemnation had been goue t hrouo-h0 with, pa sed; and also movoo that the motion to reconsider be laid on the and the whole thing was regarded as settled. table. It has now been ascertained that the Government of the United The latter motion was agreed to. States has never by any law relinquished its title to t hi land. There EDWARD SAVAGE. is; therefore.~, a cloud upon the title of the settlers who have bought this land from the Government. This bill simply r elea es the tech­ 1\fr. DUNNELL. I am instructed by the Committee on the Public nical claim which the Government pas to this land, and makes the Lands to report back, with the recommendation that it do pas , the t itle good to the settlers, and through them to the railroads who bill (H. R. No. 1763) to permit Edward Savage, of Minnesota, to enter have obtained their right of way by condemnation or purchase. one quarter-section of the public lands, or any legal subdiviSion of fr. SPEER. Is this the bill that passed the last Congres the same. I move that the bill be referred t.o the Committee of the ~Ir. ORR. This bill has never been passeu by Congress. The paJ.·­ Whole on the Private Calendar. tie in interest are settlers, who obtained their title from the accred­ • The motion was agreed to. ited agents of the Government; and this cloud now hang over their RAILROAD I~ LOUI IA..~A. title because the Government has never abancloned its technical title. 1\Ir. MOREY. I am instructed by the Committee on the Public Mr. WILLARD, of Vermont. I underst.and the gentleman from Lands to report back, with the recommenda.tion that it do pas , the Iowa [~Ir. ORR] to say that this bill is only to con:fu·m the title to cer­ bill (H. R. No. 155!>) extending the time for the completion of a rail­ tain lands where the persons now hold title untlcr the Government. road in the State of Louisiana, from the Texas State line to a point Mr. ORR. Ye, sir. on the 1\fissi ippi River opposite Vicks burgh, 1\Iississippi. I snppo e :Mr. WILLARD, of Vermont. What is the def ct in the pre ent under the rule that this bill must have its fir t consideration in Com­ titl . mittee of the Whole. ~Ir. ORR. This land was a military reservation, antl it has been The SPEAKER. This extends the lana grant, and will be subject since held that it was not liable to entry, although the Government to the same rule as the original grant. The bill must therefore have officers allowed it to be entered and purchased. its .first consideration in Committee of the Whole. Mr. WILLARD, of Vermont. Does this bill rel a e any title to lands held now by persons who have not patents from the Govern- I SCHOOL LANDS IN MISSOURI. m®t' • Mr. ORR, from the Committee on the Public Lands, r eported, with Mr. ORR. It does not. the recommendation that it do pass, a bill (H. R. No. 1764) to appro­ Mr. WILLARD, of Vermont. I think that thi i a que tion which priate lands for the support of schools in certain fractional townships should be considered more than we have time to conKider it in the in the State of Mi ouri. morning hour. I therefore in ist upon my point of order. ltlr. SMITH, of Ohio. Should not that bill go to the Committee of The :PE.A.KER. The bill will go to the Committ e of the Whol the WholeY on the state of the Union upon the General Cal ndar. Mr. ORR. I think that perhaps it will be found that the point of order does not lie again t this bill. It only enlarges tho jurisdiction :r.IINTS, ¥SAY OFFICES, ETC. in which the lands may be taken. It authorizes the same quantity: of .Mr. HOOPER, by unanimous con ent, from the Committee on Coin­ lands to be taken as are authorized by the present law, but proVldes age, Weights, and Measure , reported a bill (H. R. No.17G5) to amend that they may be taken in the State of Missomi, anywhere, instead an act entitled "An act revising and amending the laws relative to of being confined to a certain district. the mints, assay offices, and coinage of the United States," a.pproved Mr. STORM. I make the point of order on the bill. February 12, 1873; which was reau a :first and second time, recom­ Mr. ORR. It does not change the law in the least. mitted to the committee, and ordereu to be printed. The SPEAKER. In reference to uills of this kind, there is this 1\fr. GARFIELD. Not to be brought back on a motion to recon­ difficulty, that if considered in the Hou e they would be open to sider. amendments of a germane character, which would at once send them Th SPEAKER. That will be the understanding. to the Committee of the Whole. On this ground the Ch ir must send ARXY APPROPRIATION BILL. this bill to the Committee of the Whole on the state of the Union. Ir. WIIEELER. I move that the House now re olve itself into FORT KEA.R.."'mY MILITARY RESERVATIO~. Committee of the Whole on the state of the Union, for the purpo e Mr. ORR, from the same committee, reported back, with the recom­ of taking np the Army appropriation bill. mendation that it ·do pass, the bill (H. R. No. 1406) to confirm the The motion was agreed to ; and the Honse accordingly re ol v d title to certain lands on the Fort Kearney military re ervation, in itself into the Committee of the Whole on the state of the Union, (Mr. Fremont County, Iowa. KELLOGG in the chair,) and proceeded to the consideration of the The bill was read. In its preamble it recites certain entries made special order, a bill (H. R. No. 1009) making appropriations for the at the Council Bluffs land district in the State of Iowa, on lanus support of the Army for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1875, and for which had been re erved for military purposes for the use of Fort other purpos s. 1874. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. 1237

The CHAIRMAN. When this bill was last under consideration by ing that suoh a necessity is t? arise. If we a~ept the st~~ement of the committee the paragrap_h relating to Army transportation had those connected with the Indian Bureau, there IS no probability to-day been ·read. That paragraph IS now open for amendment. of any trouble with the Indians on the frontier. Mr. ALBRIGHT. I move to strike out the last word, for the pur­ The gentleman again is at fault in a~suming that th~ expenses of pose of saying that I do not believe the Committee on Appropr~a~ons transportation of the Army for the commg fiscal year will be as much intend by this bill to do any harm to the Army, nor to place 1~ ill a as they were for the last fi.seal year. The committee are satisfied disparaging position. But if _th~ premises a-s umed by the chaiTIDan that the expense for this purpose need not exceed the amount p_ro­ of the Committee on Appropnatwns [Mr. GARFIELD] and the gtmtle­ vided in the bill. I invite attention for a moment to a report whiCh man who has this bill in charge [1\Ir. WHF..ELER] are correct, t~en I have here, and which has never yet found its way into print. It is there will not be sufficient means appropriated for the transportation the report o£ Colonel D. L. Stanley, of the Twenty-second Infantry, of the Army. The gentlemen of the Appropriation Committee propose in command of the Yellowstone expeclition: ~ to take the troops from New York, the Eastern S~a~e , and the South, Sm: I have the honor to make the following brief report of the marche and sen-­ and transfer them to the Indian country. Now 1t IS a fact, as I have ice of the troops under my command upon the expedition to the Yellowstone Rh-er heard from the Quartermaster-General, that there will ~e a deficiency dm·ing the past summer: . . . . The expedition was orgamzed by nrtue of Specml Orders No. 73, Department of for the current year in this matter of Army transportatiOn; that there Dakota, dated Saint Paul, Minnesota, April13, 1873, l!'nd w~s designed for the pro- was not money enough appropriated by the Forty-second Congre ~to tection of engineering surveyors of the N01thern Pa~ific Ra.ilroad. * * * pay for the transportation of the troops for the fit>cal year endiug 1. The transportation, including every wheeled vehlcle, amounted to two hundrell and seventy.five wagons and ambulances. 2. The civilian employe!mumbered three June 30, 1874. Now, if you propose to transfer the troops ~o.m the hundred and fifty-three men. The number of horses and mules to be foraged were Ea t and South to the Indian Territory ancl the border, you w~ not twenty-three hundred and twenty-one. . Le able to do it with the means that are proposed to be appropnated. I say· that the Quarterma ter's Department is not to be put to any .. And if you do not transfer. them, there will be fewer. troops in the such Axnense as this for the next fiscal year. Indian country than now. Ale s number of troops will have to be As a final answer to the gentleman from Pennsylvania, I desire to moved the more frequently upon railroads, or in the regions of the sa'j that this sum was fixecl upon consultation with the Secretary of Gulf upon transports, to protect the settlers and border, and this will War who said that if the military force should be reduced as pro­ greatly increase the transportation account. . . po ed the amount fixed in the bill for transportation would be ample. Sir, I do not believe that this country has yet come to this parsi­ Mr.'ALBRIGHT. I withdraw my formal amenclment. monious position where they mean to prevent the transpo~a~10n of Mr. O'NEILL. Mr. Chairman, I renew the amendment. I will troops if there be a necessity for it. Last year th~ a~prop~a~oD: for state my object in interrupting my colleague [.Mr. ALBRIGHT] a few that purpose was $4,500,000. It is proposed by thiS bill to limit It to moments ago. It has been alleged by him several times that it is $4,000,000. Now, ,if you carry out the theory of t he gentlemen on the not expedient at present to reduce the rank and file of the Army. I Committee on Appropriations, you must take five thousand_ troops from Vlrished to ascertain how many troops were in the State of New York the sea-coast and in the South, and transf~r them to the India~ co~ntry . and how many in other States, so as to show to t.he House the ab­ By an amendment which I understand lS to be accepted, 1t will be sence of any necessity in time of peace for having troops stationed in provided that no money shall be expenc~ed that has not been ex~r~ssly great numuers in any P?~t upon t~e sea-board. vV~ have in Pennsyl­ appropriated. Do gentlemen mean to t1e up the hands of the _military vania three or four military statwns. On the nver Delaware are officers on the frontiers and the borders, when the nece Slty shall Fort Delaware and Fort-Mifflin; and in the interior of the State the arise from movino- the troops, and force tho e officers to say that they Carlisle barracks. None of the rank and file are stationed at any of cann~t do it beca~se the appropriation made for that purpo e is ex­ these p~st . I understood, I believe, from the gentleman who has hausted, and that by law they are prohibited fro~ spending an_y charge of this bill, that at the Carlisle barracks, where the Govern­ money not directly approp:r~ated ¥ Do gentlemen believe that tb.at IS mont has very extensive property, there is but one man-a. non-com­ what the country desires' . . missioned officer, or perhaps a retired Army officer- in charge of that I do not believe the gentleman from New Y?rk desrres I~; I do ~ot property. I know there is not more than a soldier or two either at believe the distinguished gentleman from Ohio w?uld d~srre _a ~hing -Fort Delaware or at Fort M.ifllin; and at the ordnance arsenal at of that kind. Yet that is to be the effect of this section, if It be Frankford, Pennsylvania, there are only a few ordnance men under passed as proposed in this bill. . command of several officers of ordnance. Now I wish to correct the statement of the gentleman from Ohio, In justification of my.desire to see the rank and file of the Army that there are fifteen companies of soldiers in and about the environs decrea ed, I wish to say that, in my opinion, every availab~e man, if of New York City. I beJieve there are but nine. I have carefully neces ary, can be taken from the East~ the West for seryiCe there, looked over the Adjutant-General's repo;rt since the re!-fiarks

Mr. .ALBRIGHT. I desire to have read a letter from the Quarter- A statement of.the amount paid by the Q~rterml1;8ter's Department, for rent of qttar­ master-General on this very subject of officers' quarters. ters for o.fficers of the Army m Washtngton, &c.-Continued. The CHAIRMAN. The point of order is well taken. :Mr. .ALBRIGHT. Let the latter be read. Name of officer to whom quarters we~e furnished. Recei vedl Tot.aJ. Mr. WHEELER. What is the pending question Y per month. The CHAIR~1A.N. It is on the amendmont of the gentleman from Pennsylvania. to strike out the word" dollars."- 72 00 $1,728 00 Mr. .ALBRIGHT. I ask the Clerk to read the letter from the Quar­ 72 00 1, 728 00 termaster-General. mH~ r:~1J~i~~;~ ~: :::::::::: :~:::: :::::: :_:: :::: ~ 72 00 1, 728 00 MaJorJ.A. Winthrop, (JannarytoAugust,1872; Novem- The Clerk read as follows: ber, 1872, to December, 1873) .•...... •..•....••..•.... 7200 1,584 00 W .A.R DEPARTMEXT, QUARTERllASTER-GENERAL'S OFFICE, 7200 · 1, 728 00 Washington, D. 0., February 4, 1874. 72 00 1, 728 00 DEAR Sm: I notice in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD of to-day that Mr. GUNCKEL, ~~H~ !: t ~!ii~;~:: :::::: ~:: :::::::::: ~ ::::::::::::: ~ 72 00 1, 728 00 in his remarks of yesterday on the Army appropriation bill, made the statement that 72 00 1, 728 00 the brigadier-generals ancl colonels on duty in this city have quarters costing the ~~~~ 1:?.·~~~~~::~~ ~: :::: :~~:: ::::::::::::::::::::: 72 00 1, 728 00 Government for each 2,160 annually. This is an error, as these officers are allowed Major J. H. Eaton ...... ·r ••••..••••••••••...• . 60 00 1, 440 00 five rooms each, at a rate not exceeding 18 per room p er month, making a total of Major W. D. Whipple, (January, 1872, to February, 1873) .. 72 00 1, 00 00 1,060 per annum. He also stated that the sum of 1,727 is paid for the rent of quar­ Colonel W. D. Whipple, (.March to D ecember, 18'73) ...... 90 00 . 900 00 ters for majors; where.'ts an officer of this rank is allowed but foru·rooms, at 18 each Major R. Saxt()n, (January 1 to May 15, 1872) ...... 72 00 324 00 per month, or a total of 64 per annum. An officer with the rank of captain is 72 00 1, 728 00 allowed three rooms, at 18 each per month, making the sum of 48 per annum, in­ ~!1~~ ~- J. ~~~~~------.-.·.::: ·.:: :::: ::::::::::::::::::: 72 00 1, 728 00 stead of $1,296, as stated by Mr. GUNCKEL. The two rooms allowed to a lieutenant, Major F. H. Larned ...... 72 00 1, 728 00 at the rate of $18 per month each, cost the sum of $432 instead of $864, as stated. t:~jor Alexander, (January to Ap~,1 72J . ..•...... 72 00 288 00 I have deemed this matter of sufficient importance to bring it to the notice of one, MaJor F. J. Dodge, (January to April, 1812) ...... 72 00 288 00 like yourself, interested in Army matters, ancl to correct an impression which may Major J. Taylor, (March to July, 1872) ...•.•...... 72 00 3GO 00 work to the prejudice of the Army, as you will observe that the amounts alleged to Major A. J. Dallas, (August 8 to 28, 1872) ...... •...... 72 00 50 40 be paid are about double tho e actually paid. Major F. U. Farquhar, (June 21 to July 31, 1872) ..•.•• . .. . 72 00 96 00 Most respectfully, your obedient servant, Colonel 0. M. Poe, (May, 1873, to December, 1873) ...... 90 00 720 00 M. C. MEIGS, MaJor T. F. Barr, (Au~st to October, 1872) ...... •••.•.. 72 00 216 00 Quartermaster-General, Brevet J[ajor-General -u. S. A. Major T. H. Stanton, (.august to November, 1872) ...... 72 00 288 00 Major L. H. P elouze, (December 2 to 31, 1873) ...... Ron. CHARLES ALBRIGHT, • 72 00 69 60 House of Representatives. Major Clark, (September 11, 1872, to December, 1873) . .. . 72 00 1,128 00 Major. Wi!J.!.~ Myers, (June, 1872, to December, 1873) ... . 72 00 1, 368 oo · Mr. .A.IJBRIGHT. If the committee made their appropriations on Captam William Myers, (January to May, 1872) ...... 54 00 270 00 CaptainS. C. Lyford, (July, 1872, to D ecember, 1873) ... . 72 00 1, 296 00 the estimates contained in the speech of the gentleman from Ohio, Captain MllJ.lery, (January, 1872, to December, 1873) .... . 54 00 1, 296 00 [Mr. GUNCKEL,] then they have acted on a wrong basis, as is proved Captain G. A. Otis ...... : ...... •.... 54 00 1, 296 00 by the letter just read from the Quartermaster-General. Captain J. J. Woodward ...... •...... •.•...... 54 00 1, 296 00 Mr. WHEELER. The gentleman's conclusion is incorrect, because Captain J. S. Billings ...... 54 00 1, 296 00 Captain C. McClure, (January, 1872, to November, 1873) . . 54 00 1, 188 00 the appropriations in this bill were made a month before the delivery Captain T. McMillin ...... ••...... 54 00 1, 296 00 of the speech of the gentleman from Ohio, [Mr. GUNCKEL.] Captain Thomas, (January to May, 1872) ...... 54 00 270 00 Mr. GUNCKEL. I send up to have read at the Clerk's desk a spo­ Captain J. G. C. L ee, (November i5, 1872, toApri15, 1873). 54 00 253 0 Captain W. J. Twining, (June 19 to July 31, 1872) . ...•.... 54 00 75 60 cial report made by the Quart.ermaster-General to the Committee on Captain Wilson, (October 22 to November 30, 1872) .....•. 54 00 70 20 Military .Affairs. I have not the accompanying letter, but this was Captain A. J. McGonnigle, (Jnly to December, 1873) ..... 54 00 324 00 sent .as a special report in reply to inquiries from the chairman of the Captain C. J. Dickey, (February 5, 1872, to March, 1873). 54 00 477 00 Committee on Military Affairs, [Mr. Comm..~.] It gives the name of Captain J .W. Barriger, (November 12 to December 31,1873). 54 00 88 20 Capt:tin J. N. Craig, (February, 1 72, to June, 1873) ...... 54 00 918 00 each officer and the amount paid to each. I did not intend to give Cartain Brown, (March 15 to April 1, 1872; October 1fl, these names, preferring to withhold them, but as it becomes neces­ 1872, to August, 1873) ...... •...... 5400 5!}2 20 ~;ary to vindicate what I said yesterday, or at least to show on what Captain E . D. Baker, (December 23 to 31, 1873) ...... 54 00 14 40 I founded my statement, I ask to have read the whole report, the Lieutenant H. H. C. Dunwoody, (August2-2, 1872, to De- cember, 1873) ...... •.•...... 36 00 586 80 names as well as the amounts paid for quarters in this city, showing Lieutenant R. D. Potts, (August to D ecember, 1872) ...... 36 00 180 00 the sum total to be $122,000, as I stated. Lieutenant Dyer, (October 14 to D ecember 31, 1873) .•..•. 36 00 92 40 The Clerk read as follows: Lieutenant J. A. Sladen ...•....•....•••••.••....•••...... 36 00 86400 36 00 864 00 A statement of the amount paid by the Quartermaster's D~artmentfor rent of' qttar­ 36 00 864 00 ~.f~~~1~~~ of the Ar1ny in Washington, Di&trict of olumbia, during the years ti:~E~E~ t~:!~~~~~~:_:_~ ~: ~:::::::::::::::::::: ~:: 36 00 8G4 00 36 00 864 00 ··- i1:~~~~~inw: G;ee(i .-.-::.-:.-.-. -.-.-.-.-:::. ·. ·:. ·::::.: == ~::: : 36 00 864 00 Lieutenant Aclams, (January, 1872) . ...•...•...... 36 00 36 00 Name of officer to whom quarters were furnished. Received Total. Lieutenant Smith, (February to April, 1872; June, 1872, to per month. June, 1873) ...... •..•...... •••.•.•.•...•.•.•••.... 36 00 576 00 Lieutenant H. Jackson ...... ••... 36 00 BG4 00 Lieutenant D. A. Lyle, (January 22 to June, 1872) ...... 36 00 190 0 Gflneral W. T. Sherman...... •...... $250 00 6, 000 00 Lieutenant Lockwood, (January 23 to June, 1872) ...... 36 00 189 60 Br~g~er-General M. C. Mei~s- ...... 90 00 2,160 00 Lieutenant Gibson, (March 22, 1872, to December, 1873) .. 36 00 507 60 Bngadier-General Joseph H01t .....•...... 90 00 2, 160 00 L~entenant R. P. Strong, (May, 1872) ...... •...... 36 00 36 00 Brigadier-General A. A. Humphreys ...... 90 00 2,160 00 Lieutenant Bellas, (October 15 to December, 187:!) ...... 36 00 91 20 Brigadier-General G. R. Paul ..•••...... 90 00 2,160 00 Lieutenant J. H. Weeden, (May 14 to August, 1872) ...... 36 00 12 40 Brigadier-General A . B. Ea.ton ...... 90 00 2, 160 00 Lieutenant Thomas Turtle, (AprilS to November 15, 1873) 36 00 261 otJ Brigadier-General 0 . 0. Howard...... •...... 90 00 2,160 00 Lieutenant Green, (June 12to July, 1872) ...•.....•...... 36 00 5 80 Brigadier-General E. D. Townsend .....•...... 90 00 2,160 00 Lieutenant Weir, (December 10 to 31, 1873) .•...... 36 00 25 20. Brigadier-General J. K. Barnes ...... 90 00 2,"160 00 Lieutenant Smith, (December 6 to 31, 1873) ...... 36 00 30 00 Colonel J. C. Audenreid, (September, 1872, to D ecember, Lieutenant Russell, (December 26 to 31, 1873) ...... 36 00 600 1873) ...... 90 00 1, 395 00 Lieutenant S. E . Tillman, (December 24 to 31, 1873) ...... 36 00 8 40 Colonel J. A. Hardie, (October 14, 1872, to D ecember, Lieutenant R. L. Hone, (December 19 to 31, 1873) ...... 36 00 14 40 Lieutenant C. W. Larned, (December 24 to 31, 1873) ...... 1873) ...... ············································ 90 00 1, 311 00 36 00 8 40 90 00 2, 160 00 Lieutenant W. H. Clapp, (January 25 to 31, 1872 ; Feb- g~~~~:~ ~~~~~~~~=:::: :.:::::::::::::: =:::: =::::::: 90 00 2, 160 00 ruary 15 to 21, 1872) ...... 36 00 "25 20 Colonel A. J. Mye:c ...... •...... 90 00 2,160 00 Lieutenant Wheeler, (January 20 to June, 1872; October to Colonel F . T. D ent, (January, 1872, to January, 1873) .... . 90 00 1, 170 00 December, 1872) ...... 36 00 301 20 Major F. T. Dent, (February to M.'l.y 15, .1873) ...... 72 00 252 00 LieutenantJ. F . Gregory, (June16toJuly, 1872) ...... 36 00 54 00 Colonel W. McK. Dunn, (January to June, 1872; Novem- Lieut~nant T. C. Davenport, (December 24, 1872, to Feb- ber 7, 1872, to December 7, 1873) ....•...... ••... 90 00 1, 692 00 ruary 13, 1873) ...... 36 00 60 '00 90 00 2, 1GO 00 Lieutenant C. F. Palfrey, (June 21 to July, 1872) ...... 36 00 48 00 g~i~~:~ 'ii.cs~~~~:::: :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 90 00 2,160 00 Actina- Assistant Surgeon Stanton, (January, 1872, to De- Colonel C. H. Crane ...... 90 00 2,160 00 cem'ber, 1873) ...... 36 00 864 00 Colonel Horace Porter, (January to December, 1872) ...... !lO 00 1, 0 0 00 Acting Assistant Surgeon Craig ...... •.... . 36 00 864 00 Colonel Robert Allen, (January, 1 72, to March, 1873) ...... 90 00 1, 350 00 Acting Assistant Surgeon Schafhirt ...... •...... 36 00 864 00 Colonel Henry J. Hunt, (January to May, 1872) ...... 90 00 360 00 Acting Assistant Surgeon Redcliffe ...... ·...... 36 00 864 00 Colonel R. B. Marcy, (January to April, 1872; June, 1872, Acting Assistant Surgeon Lamb ...... 35 00 840 00 to December, 1873) ...... 90 00 . 2, 070 00 Acting Assistant Surgeon Barnes ...... 36 00 864 00 Colonel J. E. Tourtello tt~ ...... •...... 90 00 2,160 00 Acting Assistant Surgeon Holston ...... 35 00 840 00 Colonel Bacon, (May, 1872, to D ecember, 1873) ...... 90 00 1, BOO 00 Acting Assistant Surgeon Rosse ...... 36 00 864 00 Colonel H. B. Glitz, (April13 to April30, 1872) ...... 90 00 54 00 Acting Assistant Suro-eon Schaeffer ~ 22 months at. · · · · 35 00 842 00 Lieutenant-Colonel J. G. Foster, (May 14, 1872, to Decem- "' ' l 2 months at .... . 36 00 ~ ber, 1873) .....•...... •.... 72 00 1, 408 80 Acting Assistant Surgeon Fletcher...... 36 00 86400 Lieutenant-Colonel Wood, (January 4 to April, 1872) ...... 72 00 280 80 Acting As istant Surgeon Yarrow, (June 19 to 30, 1872) . . 36 00 14 40 Lieutenant-Colonel A. Montgomery, (November to De- Acting Assistant-Surgeon Mew, (February 12 to D ecem- cember, 1873) ...... 72 00 144 00 ber, 1873) ...... •...... 36 00 382 8!) Lieutenant-Colonel J. H. Baxter ...... •..•...... •...... 72 00 1, T'-8 00 Acting Assistant Surgeon Tilden, (January 10 to August 72 00 1, 728 00 101 1872) ...... ·············· ...... 36 00 25320 ~:1~~ ~e~g!n!~::::::::::::::::: ::::::::::::::::::::::: 72 00 1, 728 00 M a.jorW. B. Rpchester, (January to August, 1872) ...... 72 00 576 00 A~~f_ ~~i~~~ ~~~-~~~~- ~~~~: _<~~~~!_ ~2- ~-~~::. 36 00 154 80 Major B. DuEarry, (January, 1872, to October, 1873) ...... 72 00 1, 584 00 MaJor 0. E. Babcock, (January, 1872, to February, 1873) .. 72 00 1, 008 00 Total ...... ••...... •.•.•••.••..•...•.. ····•······· 122,412 20 Colonel 0. E. Babcock, (March to December, 1873) .••..... 90 00 900 00 1874. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. 1239

Mr. GUNCKEL. I may have mistaken the total amount paid for :Mr. HOL}.fAN. The objection taken by the gentleman from Ken­ each officer per annum. In one column t he amount is given per month, tucky [Mr. BECK] is a very pertinent one. For after a proposition to and in another the total amount; and, as I supposed, per annum, as bnild up these fortifications bas been defeated by a very decideasury that whole Kentucky, [Mr. BECK,] I will only say, "Sufficient unto the day is amount and apply whate--ver portion it pleases to any one of lhem ~ the evil thereof." It is not in the province of the Committee on Cannot it apply nine-tenths of the whole for officers' quarters, and the Appropriations to correct this. If the l aw is wron(J' it should be remaining tenth to the other items; or such of them as the Depart­ changed; but the Committee on Appropriations have""not the power ment chooses to spend it upon · to change it. As we are itemizing this bill and making specific appropriati~ns for Mr. BECK. I s it not the duty of the Committee on Appropriations1 specific purposes, if we intend to retain any control over expenditures, when they undertake to itemize the bill, so to itemize it as to control I insist that it shall be said, so much for officers' quarters, so much the expenditures, and to confine the Secretary of War to the amount for cantonments, so much for repairs of public buildings, &c., so that that Congress sees :fit to vote for the particular object t If not, why the War Department could not legally spend for officers' quart.ers not just give him the whole of the twenty-nine millions in one item what was intended for other purposes; instead of lumping together and let the Secretary do what he pleases with it. We should either re~ 1,500,000 as is now clone, any part of which can be spent for any one tain control, or not pretend to do it. Mr. WHEELER. The committee prepares the Army appropriation of the things so ~rouped. On page 82 of the testimony taken before the Military Committee bill in accordance with the directions of existing law. If the gentle­ during this session I find the following reca.pitulation of the annual man from Kentucky desires to know under what particular head the amounts paid for rent-s for officers' qua.rters and offices: money is expended, he can ascertain it at any time by going to the RECAPITULATIOY. Treasury Department, where, under the act of 1 70, an account is Total amount Division of the Atlantic : _..•...... --- 110, 961 80 kept under ea-ch separate h ead of appropriation. Total amount Division of the P acific . .. -- ... _.... -...... -- ...... -·--- 90, 132 00 Mr. BECK. Allow me a word or two more, and I will not trouble Total aruount Division of thellli . ouri ...... - ...•. -...... l OS, 425 88 t h e committee much longer. Total amount Division of tl1e South·---...... -- ...... - ...... -. . 43, 71!) 96 The CHAimlAN. Debate on the amendment is exhausted. Total amount depo! at Washington · ---·--·---···--·· ...... _n_o, 77_ 6_o_s Mr. BECK. As I offered the amendment, I will withdraw it and Grand total._ ... ·--- __ . . _.... ___ ..... __ .. _... _...... 464,015 72 ofl'er another, appropriating $325,000. I do not want to be captious. This is certified by General Bingham, the acting Quartermaster­ While I know that the Committee onAppropriations cannot alter the General. I fincl also that General Bingham states in his testimony law, and while I know the difficulties under which they labor in that a lieutenant is allowed two rooms and a captain three rooms; a framing their bills because of existing laws, still I want to know if we major or lieutenant-colonel, four rooms; a colonel or brigailier-general, cannot, in some way or other, reduce the enormous staff of the Army. five; a major-general or lieutenant-general, sis:; and then, on being There is where the great cost of the Army is to be found. A reduc­ af:lked the question, if an officer owns the house does he get the rent for tion merely of the rank and file, while we continue to make appropri­ the rooms the same as if it was the property of some one else, General ations for all the supernumerary officers, will do but little good · our Bingham replied, ~'I think he does." This is all extremely indefinite. action h ere will still result in taking immense sums out of the Treas­ If we are going to allow that system of things, and pay men in that ury unnecessarily, as is very clearly indicated by the amount taken sort of way for three, four, five, or six rooms, in houses whether owned for officers' quarters. · by themselves or not, ought there not to be a separate item for it; and I know but very little of military affairs. But I remember some ought not this Congre s so to make appropriations that we can see by years ago General BUTLER made several speeches which I now hold in an examination of the book of the Department bow much is spent in my hand, in which he went Qn to show the enormous number of that way Y I think it ought. u ele s staff and general officers that we have, and also went on [Here the hammer fell.] to show that in the city of Washington we keep up six or seven mili Mr. BECK. Is my time out¥ tary establishments, with great corps of unnecessary officers. The The CHAIRMAN. It is. gentleman from Illinois, General LOGAN, then chairman of the Com­ Mr. BECK. I am sorry that it is. I wanted to say only a word or mittee on Military Affairs, showed to the House by official tables that two more; and I shall seek another opportunity of doing so. we had at that time 663 staft' officers; that we had in the· Army 2}­ Mr. WHEELER. I d ire to say to the gentleman from Kentucky commissioned officers to every 10 men. He proceeded to show that that under existing laws these appropriations are kept separate; t hat­ there were in a staff corpM 8 officers with the rank of bri~Yadier­ there are forty-three different appropriat ions for theWar Department, general, while in Russia, with an army of 800,000 men, theho staff and that all these appropriations are now under separate heads. The corp was only 300 officers in all; that in Prussia, with an army of accounts are k ept in that way, although they are not so individualized 400,000 men, the staff corps was 100 officers, and so with all the la.r~ e as I would desire or as the Committee on Appropriations would desire. armies of the world. Yet we, with a small army of 25 000 or 30 000 W e have drawn this bill under existing laws. I de ire to say to the men, were keeping up a staff of 633 officers, many of them with' the gentleman from Kentucky [:Mr. BECK] that the Committee on Appro­ rank of brigadier-general. Now I want to know if there is no way priations has now a bill before the Honse for having these expendi­ of withholding appropriations so as to cut down that portion of the ture placed more in eparate items both in the estimates and in the expense of the .Army, which exceeds all the other arms of the service appropriation bill. If the gentleman will look at the present mode in needless expenditures. of keeping accounts at the War Department, he will see there are . Mr. GARF~LD . The. gentleman ~om ~entucky [Mr. BECK] has uow already forty-three different accounts in the Treasury Depart­ h1t upon a pomt on which I agree With brm. Perhaps he will re­ m nt for war expenses. We have made the arrangement as distinct member that while I was chairman of the Committee on Military a , we can under existing laws. Affair , some years ag9, an examination was had of the general organ­ 1\fl;. HOLMAN. I wish to ask the gentleman from New York [Mr. ization of the Army. WHEELER] a question. He will remember that, two or three years Mr. BECK. In this very debate to which I allude the discus iou ago, a bill was before the House making a very heavy appropriation wa carried on between the gentleman from Massachusetts [1\fr. for permanent barra-cks at Leavenworth, Kansas. It was defeated. BUTLER] and the gentleman from Ohio, [Mr. GARFIELD,] in which Now, 1mder this appropriation of a million and a half of dollars, is I think they diflered very widely. t-here any obstacle to the expenditure of that money for the erection Mr. G~FIELD. !he Co.mruittee on Military Affairs made a report , of tho~~manent barracks Y · accomparued by a bill, which was pressed upon the considemtion of :Mr. ELER. I suppose this must rest altogether in the dis- thellouse, but. not favorably acted upon. It was proposed, as the result cretion of the Secretary of War. of the examination we had made. to consolidate several of the staffcorps. 1240 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-~

It was there shown that the several staff corps had become enor­ issue from the supply now on hand known as the old pattern; anrl none of the arti­ mously overgrown; that when the war ended we had a staff capable cles:above enumerated shall be purchased until those now on hand shall be ex­ of handling a million of men; and that although the .Army was hausted. brought down to its peace proportions, the old war organization of Perhaps I ought to explain this amendment. The adop ~ ;A>n of the the staff still remains. new uniform in 1872 left on band in the Quartermaster's Departm nt The bill which I had the honor to report from the Committee a very large quantity of clothing, which is just as good and just as on Military Affairs proposed that the Commissary Department, the serviceable to-day as it was when it wa-s purcha ed. Articles of the Quartermaster's Department, and the Pay Department should be con­ kind enumerated in the proviso just read are now on hand in the solidated into a department to be called the Department of Supply; Quartermaster's Department to the value of 650,000. But according to and that one set of officers, with one set of accounts, and one set of the language of the law they are tei'med "old-style olothing." Now, managers, should not only feed but clothe the .Army. I have never sir, in view of the change that has recently·" come over the s-pirit of seen any reason to believe that this is not entirely feasible. our dream," the people themselves are not standing so much on ''style" 1\Ir. HAWLEY, of Connecticut. .And to pay the .Army. as they were. They are wearing, on week-days particularly, their" oltl Mr. GARFIELD. Yes; and pay the .Army. We believe that all style" of clothing. The .Army is now furnished with entire suits of three could be done by one staff. And we saw no reason why the the new pattern of uniform, which will answer for Sundays and holi­ ln~pec~r-G~neral and the Adjutant-General's corps should not be days; and it is believed that on week-days the troops can wear the umted mto one as before the war. We knew of no reason why six "old style" of uniform. It is believed that under the circumstance brigadier-generals and one major-general should be at the head of nqw surrounding us, the "Satantaa," "Big Tree ," and ' Shacknastv our staff ir!- the days of peace, when before the war there was no Jims" of the plain will pardon our troops if they hould appear on officer on the staff, ave one, higher than colonel. week-days without "coats piped with sky-blue ; skirts on each side As chairman of a committee that had a right to report legislation of opening behind, faced with sky-blue; with hat with cords aud on that subject, I did all in my power to secure legislation. But we ta els of mohair, ornamented with braid and yellow metal trim­ were assaulted on all sides by those who were unwilling ·to di ttub mings, as per. pattern-with red pompons, white pompon , crimson the personnel of the .Army, and were unable to obtain the passage pompons, red pompons with w:Q._ite tops, with balls and sockets of of such a law. Now if, after a complete and full examination, the yellow metal to match." [Laughter.] .And, sir, while the private House bas refused to legislate in that direction, of course the gentle­ soldiers are wearing this homely attire on week-days, if the officers man from Kentucky [1\{r. BECK] is too well acquainted with the busi­ should happen to forget that "the chapeau should be worn with front ness of legislation to suppose that the Committee on Appropriations peak turned slightly to left, so as to show gilt ornaments upon right can do any such thing. I believe it ought to be done. I believe we side, per general order No. blank," it is hoped the Republic may receive shall never be right until we have just as few levers to the great no detriment. [Laughter.] .And, sir, aa this process of Christianizing machine of the Army as possible. The Secretary of War should be Indians is going on so fast and so thoroughly, I know they will appre­ the political officer between the President and the .Army ; he should be ciate a little simplicity in the dress of our soldiers. [Laughter.] the political head of the .Army. The General of the Army should be its Mr. HAWLEY, of Connecticut. Mr. Chairman, we are all aware of military head. Now he is not; he is substantially without a com­ the course which was taken with reference to this matter within a mand. The .Army is, in fact, commanded by the Secretaxy and the very few years. Somehow, and under somebody's authority, ru change staff corps ; and this is mainly because of the predominan~e of the was introduced in the style of the uniform for the Army. ·whether staff over the line. In this respect I believe the pre ent organization that change was introduced precisely at the right time or not I can­ and order of things in the Army is all wrong ancl ought to be changed. not say. ·whether the old style of uniform might have been continued I submit to our friends, however, that it is impossible for us to in use until a little more of the old clothing had been used up I cannot change it here. I shall myself hail the day when these changes can say. The change was thought wise by those who had the matter in be made, for I know that they are in the interest, not only of econ­ charge. I do not now propose to go into the question of its wisdom or omy, but of the efficiency of the .Army. Our .Army now is like a half­ unwisdom. The fact of the change remains. There were left on hand developed frog, if I may use that comparison without offense to any­ many articles of the old style, a very large stock of some things bod_y. It is comparatively all head and no tail. The staff corps and remaining from the war supplies. The Quartermaster's Department the line are overgrown. I have been and am an earnest friend of the continued to issue a portion of these-some are unsuitable, and some .Army. I want to see it put on a basis where it will be most effective exhausted. The old trousers can be used, and the Department is con­ for keeping alive the lqwwledge of war, and strong nough to meet tinuing to issue them. The old overcoats can also oe used, and are all the ordinary emergencies. No nation on earth has better ma­ used. But if we carry out entirely the idea of the gentleman's terial for an army than we have. Let us put it in a shape where we runendment I fear we may have an Army uniformed somewhat like can be as proud of its organization and efficiency as we now are of the army that you may find in the gentleman's own beautiful town the gallant men who e names adorn the register. Let us frame an of Siug Sing, [laughter;] and I think he would himself rather object organization by which service in the line shall be the bortest road to to that. honor and promotion. I believe the most thoughtful men in the Army Mr. WHEELER. The gentleman is mistaken as to my locality; will agree with t~e view I here express. I live near the Canada border. :Mr. NIBLACK ro e. 1\Ir. HAWLEY, of Connecticut. Well, the gentleman has an inter­ Mr. GARFIELD. One word more. The only legi lation in this est in Sing Sing as a citizen of New York. direction we were able to effect was this: In 1869 in a conference upon Now, a part of this old clothing on band can bellS d; l ut not all the appropriation bill, with the present Speaker of the House as one of it. For this rea on, the Department has been selling off a -part of member, myself a another; in company, I think, 'vith my friend from it; and in some place the market bas been so crowded with this sort Indiana [1\lr. NmLACK] as another, we did succeed in forcing upon of clothing that the price has been reduced to a ridiculously low figur . that bill a 1noposition that the staff corps of the Army should not be From this urplus the sutlers were able to supply th mselves at twenty­ open to f1mher promotion until they were reduced to onlething near five cents a garment; and this clothing they would bring to the mili­ a peace basis. tary po ts and turn over to the soldier at, say, fifty cents. The soldier, That legislation, put upon an appropriation bill on the last night supplying himself in this way from the sutler, would refuse to draw of a session, is almost the only restraining provision that has kept the the clothing furnished by the quartermaster, but would draw, instead, staff and line of the .Army from retalning the overgrown size that they the full value of the clothing in cash. I think-I will not say posi­ had :five years ago. At every Congress since that provision wa-s adopted tively, but I think-that if the gentleman from New York will consult we have been pushed to the uttermost to reopen the staff corps for with the Quartermaster-General he will somewhat modify his amend­ promotions. One or two of those corps have been opened; and to-day ment. we are asked to reopen them all. I hope the Committee on Military Mr. WHEELER. I move a formal amendment to the amendment, Affairs will see to it that whenever the staff corps are opened it shall in order to tell the gentleman from Connecticut [1\Ir. HAWLEY] that be upon a new basis. I have done precisely that thing, and this proviso was prepared in the [Here the hammer fell.] office of the acting Quarterma ter-General-General Bingham. Mr. WHEELER. Mr. Chairman, there have been two speeches on Mr. RAWLEY, of Connecticut. Then it is all right. a proposition entirely irrelevant to the one under consideration by Mr. WHEELER. I have a list in which he has enumerated the the committee. If other gentlemen are to speak, I hope they will articles I have named in this amendment, which he said are as good as speak on the subject of banacks and quarter . they ever were, and should be issued. This proviso is offered at his The CHAIRMAN. The debate is exhausted. The amendment, as own suggestion and by his own advice. the Chair understands, is withdrawn. The Clerk will proceed with 1\Ir. HAWLEY, of Connecticut. What is the necessity, then, to the reading of the bill. direct him to issue them Y The Clerk read as follows : Mr. WHEELER. He wants the order. ·For purchase and manufacture of clothing, camp and garrison equipage, and Mr. HAWLEY, of Connecticut. That is all right; I am glad to for preserving and repacking tock of clothiiig, camp and garrison equipage, and hear of it. materials on hand at the Schuylkill arsenal and other depots, 1,500,000. Mr. WHEELEJ&t. I will ay to the gentleman from Connecticut Mr. WHEELER. I move to amend so aa to make the amount of there is to-day 650,000 worth just as good as lt ever wa . this appropriation $1,450,000 instead of 1,500,000; and also to add The country ought to understand there is to-day about $7,000,000 the following proviso: . worth of Army clothing on hand. There are entire suits there, and the gentlem~. n from Connecticut, with that republican simplicity Provided, That none of the money hereby appropriated shall be used in the pur­ chase of hats, uniform caps, forage caps, uniform coats, uniform ja{)kets, :fiannel which belongs to all New Englanders, knows an old Army uniform, sack·coats, and unlined coats, which articles the Quartermaster's Department shall sound and good, will do to wear on the plains as well now as at any time. 1874. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. 1241

The amendment to the amendment was withdrawn. the depots of Jeffersonville and Philadelphia alone, a~cordb1g to the Mr. WHEELER'S amendment was agreed to. Quartermaster's report, there was sold as follows: The Clerk read as follows: For preservation of clothing and equipage from moth and milaow, heretofore Year. Jeffersonville. Philadelphia. Total. atioptetl and now in use, $50,000. :Mr. WHEELER. I move to strike out the words "heretofore 1 69 ...... :...... ,.791,995 28 $941,473 45 adopted and now." That process, Mr. Chairman, is not applied simply 1 70.- .. ---- .. -..... -- ...... - 191, 040 4 282, 5(;5 7l to the preservation of old clothing, although a large amount has 1871. ... - ...... -...... -. - - 164, 968 13 2'~. 989 33 been used in that direction, but is also appliecl to the preservation of ------Total...... 302,024 60 1, 148, 003 89 4~ new clothing, and to tlie preservation of tents. The process has been 1, 450, 028 thoroughly tested by a board composed of General Hardie, General Ingalls, and General Lee, of the Quartermaster-General's Department. If motheaten clothes bring so much, what is there t, the unmotb­ 1 t t:;eems to be a most efficient process. eaten, worth ' Who buys the motheaten clothes and cloth Who l\1r. COX. I move to strike out of "the bill "$50,000," and in ert judges of the extent of the damage of the innocent and hunO'ry ". 25,000," in line 120. moth Where are t.he expert contraetors and tailors Y I pass t"hiS It is curious that so much money should be expended for pre- by, to iJ?-sist on the practical question, why do we keep such a lot serving from moths the cassimeres, kerseys, cottons, tents, and cloth­ of clothmg on hand to feed moths This is not a political conun­ ing on hand. drum. Why, if there is so ~u~h clothing on hand, does the Quarter­ This House was hardly prepared for the statement of the gentle- master say that the appropnat10n for clothing for the past fiscal year man from New York, [Mr. WHEELER,] that there were .7,000,000 was 900,000 Y Why were the expenditures on account of clothin(J' worth of uniforms now on hand. and equipage during the same period $858,4 1 2.07~ b Mr. WHEELER. Not of uniforms, but of clothing, blankets, tents, 0, it is said that there are new styles. Oh, Olti Monsietw le Presi­ &c., growing out of the stock accumulated during the war. dent! New styles! New uniforms are ordered for the Army. Well, ~lr. COX. I know, sir, that evm:y day these articles are wasting. why should not t~e fresh. fashions be matle of new goods, under fresh Hence these appropriations. The money is to be preservative of the contract~, from tnne to time 7 Why not foil the moth of his prey' clothes and tents. Now, srr, what, or rather who, are these moths Y It is a matter of I have a report before me from Quartermaster-General Meigs-per­ much concern to our families. Our women ought to know. Science hap the b st officer in our service. It shows that we are spending ought to tell us. Scripture-all! I ee my friend from Mas achusetts hundreds of thousands to fight moths. They are wo1"'Se than domes­ [:Mr. DAWES] is impatient. He is about to rise. I am afraid he will tic or foreign enemies. make a scriptural illustration. He is thinking of that place where Before I come to that, may I refer to the report of Quartermaster "moth and rust do not corrupt, [laughter,] and-- · Bingham, of December 30, l !:S72 This report shows that then we had Several VOICE~ . "Where thieves break through and st.eal." $23,435,821.27 in woolen clothing and tents-mostly the former. This Mr. COX. I did not know the House was so accomplished in the did not then include some forty-two thousand blankets, worth $128,000. Scriptures. [Laughter.] Nor did this include coats, jackets, trousers, flannel sacks, blankets, I think the_ geJ?-tleman from Massachusetts was about to apply it to goods made up and not made up. These items run into the millions, the dem?cratlC s~de ?f the House. I have anticipated him by a more and the moths run into them. [Laughter.] appropnate applicat10n. The whole House including the lilies of the Here are $8,000,000 worth of coats, jackets, and trousel"'S. Nearly eight gallery, know just where this quotation fit~. hundred thousand of these articles of appar~l for an army of thirty \Yhat is the moth, Mr. Chairman I have looked him up [lau«h­ thousand. ·Our appropriation is a dollar and sixty- ix and two-thirds ter,] and [holding up an illustration in Chambers's Encydlopredia, cents per solllier-not per moth. Omitting the woolen l1lanket.s and volume 6] th;ere he is. [Great laughter.] There are several kinds. "mounted great-coats," (for the cavalry, I suppo e,) and the "sky-blue The moth 1s a burglar, a nocturnal rascal. There are many families kerseys," there is a splendid objective point for the army of moth, of them .. It is worth while, .since it costs us nearly· half a million to which no great general of that corps should omit to attack, if feeling watch t~- enemy, to know his P?Wer. Do not think it insignificant, If w ll. Did the moths fail¥ they did, what need of this appropria- because 1t lS of the butterfly spemes. It bristles with antennre. From tion' ba e to apex these antennre are pectinated, especially in the males In this list we have at least one million and a quarter yards of flan- [laughter;] and they are f?rmidable either in the larva or chrysa-li~ nel not made up. We have millions of dollars of this peculiar woolen state. I speak not of therr beauty of color I prefer to refer to the property not yet made up into uniforms. It is subject to the att.ack number of their eggs. If there is one moth I prefer to another it is of Lhe moth. A large part of this is still on hand, either in uniform ~he hawk-moth; 1;>ut the Lackey is the one I have here pictorially or otherwise. The gentleman confesses to seven millions. 1llustra~ed, [_h?ldin~ up th~ volume.] The lackey7moth is repre­ Now, according to the report of the Quartermaster-General just SeJ?-ted m politics: !fi·st by this belt of eggs; econd, as the caterpillar, referred to, there were $350,000 appropriated in a couple of years last third as the pupa m the cocoon, and then the full-fledged insect for pa t for a peculiax kind of process, which i aid to prevent moths which we pay S? much ~ this A:r~Y bill. [Laughter.] getting into this cloth and clothing. The Quartermaster-General in Now, after this analys1s of this rnsect, I would like to know from this report a ks thi Congress this year for $100,000. I copy his state­ the distinguished gentleman from New York, my colleague, [Mr. ment: W~EELER,] whet~er th~ moth, to .prote~t our Army clothing from The expenditurea on acconnt of the moth and milclew proof process of George which he would give this $50,000, IS the Phalama moth of Linnreus A. Cowles & Co. during the fiscal year have been $350,000. Thi::~ includes $200,000 appropriated for the current fiscal year, but madea>ailable for expenditure during or the LepMopter of other scientists. [Laughter.] Let there be no the last fiscal year. To prepare such articles of woolen and cotton fabrics on band as shirking that question. [Renewed laughter.] have not yet been submitted to the process, an additional sum of 8100,000 has been Mr. \VHEELER. The gentleman must allow me some time tore­ asked in the estimate for the coming fiscal year. fr~sh my entomological knowledge. [Laughter.] Mr. WHEELER. And we give them half of it. Mr.COX. Iknewthatlcouldnotgetasatisfactoryreply. Wheni:first Mr. COX. Why do you reduce' You give them $50,000. I know read the item in this bill appropriating $50 000 for protection against that. I still propo e to reduce it. I do not under tand whether we moths in the Army, and when I read that $350,000 had already been can by law sell out all this cloth and clothing at once. I hope so. expended for that purpose, I wondered, in my simplicity, why so much Mr. ·wHEELER ro e. money ~hould be ~pent for such a purpose, when we might so easily Mr. COX. The gentleman knows I have only :five minutes, and he econOimze by selling out our old and unfashionable Army clothes must not interrupt me. Ca ~g about, in my simple way, I remembered that the only pr~ Mr. WHEELER. I will not trench on the time of the gentleman. ve~tive of moths was sm;tff. The~ as ~n economist, I looked up the Mr. COX. You can get the floor at any time. pnce of snuff, and the tariff on snutt. I found the tariff was fifty cents I would prefer, rather than be fighting moths at such an immense per pound. Every sneeze was about a cent, to protect American man­ expen ·e, to give these uniforms away. Observe ifhose eminent col­ ~facturers from fore~~ sneezes. Hence, I was about to tell how much ored patriots in the gallery. They sit with us so reo-ularly. [Great 1t :would_ cost :US' tarm and all, to prevent these destructive moths, by laughter.] They toil not, [laughter,] neither do they spin. They usrng this article of snuff, when, lo! I found an adjutant in my friend are the lilies of the valley! Yet Solomon in all his glory would not from Kentucky, [Mr. BECK.] be arrayed like them if they were clothed wi h the e "sky-blue" This pamphlet is the result of our inquiries: u Preservation of cloth­ uniforms I [Renewed laughter.] They sit yonder, uniformly, day ing and equipage of the Army and Navy by the process of Cowles & after day; and why not in uniformf Let them appear in the gal­ Co., for the pr~vention of destruction by moth," &c. This is just out- lery properly arrayed in the colors of the Republic-heavenly blue! 1873. There IS no tobacco, no pepper, no camphor no leather-chips [Laughter.] ~hich our mot~ers used. In plain words, they use'some sort of solu~ Why, Mr. Chairman, any man who does bu iness, instead of paying at ?o~ . I guess tt smells badly-perhaps petroleum; but whatever it the rate of three or four hundred thousand dollars in two or three years lS It costs money, and has the imp1-i1natur of our best officers. This to prevent moths from getting into clothing, would sell the whole pamphlet has a tolerably fair representation of the results of the micro­ concern out. Moths are the evidence of laziness and negligence. But scopic Tinean caterpillar, which breaks its egg and goes into a cocoon I am growing personal. It takes more to keep out the moths than the made out of the stuff it feeds on, at the rate of say $50 000 a year clothing and cloths are worth a~cording to our systems of finance. It But how does this plan we pay so much for sa.-~e o-rh- G~vernment f is very curious that I find so much "motheaten clothing " sold. .A.t Messrs. Cowles & Co. say that they soak every thread and fiber. 1242 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. FEBRUARY 5,

They leave the goods in the solution for hours; then knead the goods That is, I suppose, go down to Long Branch, ride in free palace in the fluid. Then they dry them on a machine which makes, I think, Pullman car - nine hundred revolutions per minute. This makes the saturation per­ some carrying their cocoons about on their backs and ot.h~m~ fastened to t.he sub­ fect. [Laughter.] stance they are eating ; and th(\y enlarge them from time to time by addin~t por­ Mr. WHEELER. I desire to ask my colleague a question. Has he tions of the two upon extremities and by gores set in the sides, which they slit for studied the history of the party moth 1 It has fed on his party, and this purpose. Concealed within their movable cases or in their lint cupboarcl bur­ no chemical process has yet been invented, I believe, to stay its rav­ rows, they carry on the work of d struction through the summer- ages. [Laughter.] That is when Congress is not in session­ :M:r. COX. I omitted, as the House will see, out of deference to thb and in the autumn- maJority and their feelings, to draw any partisan or political lesson out of these moths and their predatory habits. [Laughter.] I have :r_na.­ That is just before elect ion , [laughter]- terials, however, for a speech of an hour and a quarter on that pomt. they leave off eating, make fast their habitations, and r emain at rest and eemingly If the gentleman will allow me, I will say it is mostly in connection torpid through the winter. with the .Administration. [Laughter.] That is until committees of 0-vestigation get to work. [Laughter.] .And, sir, since I am challenged to it by my friend-not provoked, Early in the spring they cb:m ~e to chrysalicls ~thin their c-ase , and in about for he never provokes any one, except to admire him and love him twenty days afterward they are transformed to wmg d moths, and come forth and the more one knows him-I will endeavor to read in the life and char­ :fly about in the evening- acter of the moth some of those attributes which are making the These are the defaulter who go off without being called to acconnt people regard the .Administration so carefully. by the Administration- The real moth that we have to deal with, in a political way, is a com­ till they hcwe paired and are r eady to lay thoir eggs. bination of thela~key-moth, which generally haunts the White House and hovers about the purlieus of power, and the ·hawk-moth, which_is l\Ir. FIELD. I insist upon my point of order. [Roars of laughter.] sometimes iu the .Army, or educated there. .All these moths you will :Mr. COX. I will submit just one qne tion. If I had the hort­ find have a. political and destructive significance. If you note how hand faculty of my friend from New York [ Ir. :MELLI H] I would. they are hatched; how they hide in cocoons; how they creep into dark put it into good shape. [Laughter.] I think it should be omething •Jllaces through crannies; how they go into closets where goods are like this: whether the moths which we are called upon to appropriate stored; how they lie all summer quietly-- [Laughter, the mem­ against-and whose incur ions upon our· .Al·ruy clothes are so waste­ bers gathering about the speaker.] ful-are the moths of the more numerous branch of the Lepidopte1·a, Mr. FIELD. I rise to a question of order. Let the House be brought or do they belong to the Phalama family of Linnrens? [Laughter.] to order. [Laughter.] Mr. WHEELER. To that question I answer in the affirmat iYo. Mr. COX. I hope my friend of the elegant toilet will come down [Laughter.] this way. [Laughter.J Mr. COX. .And have they a robust t.lwrax, and if we apply nnfi [Here the hammer fell.] to them, instead of the expen ive petroleum solut ion, will the,v not everal MEMBERS. "Go on!" "Go on!" sneeze out the predatory thorax, so that we can therelJy ave 50,000 Mr. WHEELER. I hope my colleague will have unanimous con­ a yearY [Laughter.] s nt to proceed. But, sir, to be serious for a moment, and in conclusion. No man The CH.AIRMAN. Does the gentleman from New York yield to his has suffered more than myself fi·om the e~-tra-ordinary e ~ays on , at­ colleaguef urday and other days, in Senate and House at home and abro::td , in :Mr. 'WHEELER. Certainly. I yield all my time to him. · pamphlet and pre , upon the cw-rency question. I believecl I ha.udcnce 1 [Great laughter.] remarks are chiefly extracted] are hatched in fifteen days, and the little whitisli All the e things bonld be ('OU Hicler .<1. \Ve expect that when a mnn caterpillars or moth-worms proceeding therefrom immediately begin to gnaw the substances within their reach. like my colleague [Mr.\\ IIEE LE H] [H.hlre ses au intelligent Hon c IU\e this ho should know all abont these thin~ .· . He is emincnt,·ruHl ex­ Just as a man from a district like that of my friend would reach posed to the reproaches of politic . He should be able especially t.o out quietly with his antennre after the little patronage here and tell us where all these rutiform nnd ·l ot.lt e ar t», ancl why it ta1•es RO thero floating about a navy-yard. It is perfectly natural. I think I much money to take car e of t h ru. Ilo should run for governor of did it myself when I was in accord with the Administration in 1856. New York on the moth i ·s ne. One or two postmasters, I think, sufficed as the "substances" I began 1\fr. WHEELER. Here they arc, [holding ont a pampltl t .] Th upon. Since then-and how long it seems-our side have not even gentleman can take thi ltomc with him, and have his m~a~nrr taken hacl the opportunity of acting the moth upon the national patronage. for one. [Laughter.] .Again I read: Mr. COX. If my friend will only print it in the REcoRD, it will '£he little whitish caterpillars or moth-worms proceeding therefrom immediately oegm to gnaw the substances within their reach and cover themselves with the satisfy the people. Say what and laugh a we will, it is the truth, that fragments, shaping them into little hollow rolls and lining them with silk. Some there is clothing enough on hand now to save one-third of all the pass the summer within their rolls- reserve that has been illegally is1med from the Treasury; and we 1874 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. 1243 appropriate hundreds of thousands to save it from moths I God help $10,000, which is the amo~t of the original ~s~ate. The Smgeo~­ the Government from moths! General informs me that so small an appropnation as that proposed 1s :Mr. WHEELER. I can take my friend in ten minutes to a shop insufficient. where he can get the best suit in the lot. [Laughter.] · The amendment was agreed to. Mr. FIELD. :Mr. Chairman, I insist upon my point of order. [Great The Clerk read as follows : laughter. For the ordnance service, reqnii·ed to defray the current expens!-ls at the ar_senal~: J · of receiving stores and issuing arms _and other or~ance supplies; of P

Mr. STONE. If the gentleman will turn to page 70 of the Book of are manufactured accordin~ to an invention made at the Springfield Estimates he will find this is an item wbich has been e timated for. armory; which has revolutiOnized not only all the work of manufac­ It is for the manufacture of depressing carriages. Having been en­ turing ai'IDs, but the work of making watches, sewing-machines, and gaged in the manufacture of gun-carriages some time ago, I undertake all other machine of that character throu~h the whole country. to say the 20 000 which is appropriated in this bill will not pay for This is the method of rr~:akiug interchangeat>le parts. These parts one-fourth of' these gun-carriages, as suggested by my friend from as they appear upon tJns photograph are made preci ely alike in Indiana [Mr. COBURN.] This item i but an entering-wedge, and tbot1sancls and hundred of thousands of muskets; so t hat any mus­ before ~e ~et through with it we will find we will be called npo~ to ket that falls to piece or is broken upon the battle-field, or suffers spend millions of dollars for the man~actu:e of these depre mg any damage anywhere else, :1n be repaired upon the battle-field or carria~ed to ~s before the_Mili­ this appropriation may be large enough, with the unexpended bal­ tary Committee, and I hope th1s a~propnatio~ will _not be stricken ance , to keep these men at work in the Springfield armory. out. I think this is one of the most unportant rnventwns of the Ord­ Before the war there was an annual appropriation of G 250,000 for nance Department. e~enditure at the two ai'IDori of Harper's Ferry ancl Springfield. The committee divided; and there were-ayes 81, noes 30; no quo­ LHere the hammer fell.] rum voting. :Mr. DAWES. I hope the committee will allow me a few minute The CHAIRMAN appointed Mr. STO~"E, and ~Ir. YOllliG of Georgia, more. The armory atHarper'sFerryisnow discontinued. The armory as tellers. . at Rock Island has not yet got to making guns. The only manufac­ The committee again divided; and the tellers reported-ayes 8!), ture of the Springfield musket in the country is at the Springfield noes 30. armory. So the amendment was agreed to. Now, I have no desire to ask any extra appropriation for this armory; The committee informally rose. nor have I any desire to antagonize the committee in cutting down the estimates from $500,000 to 100,000, provided there is enough to MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE. keep these men at work. It would be not only a misfortune to tbe A message from the Senate, by :Mr. SYMPSON, one or its clerks, an­ men to be thus turned adrift, but it would be a misfortune and a lo nounced to the Honse that that body hacl passed a concurrent resolu­ to the Government if they lost these men. They will be ga,thered up tion of the House, to raise a joint select committee, consisting of­ into Colt's Springfield factory, and into the Remington-rifle factory, Senators and five members of the House, to inquire into the contracts and the result will be that, when they have got away from the Gov­ made for improvements in the District of Columbia, with an amend­ ernment, they mil u e the vory inventions that originated in the ment in which he was requested to ask the concnrrenceof the House. Springfield armory in the private factories, and the Government will The message further announced that the Senate had pa sed bills of not be able afterward to command them. In behalf therefore of th the following titles, in which the concurrence of the House was re­ Government, as well as of these men, I ask the committee to put this quested: appropriation at snch a point as, with the unexpended balance , will An act (S. R. No. 87) to facilitate tbe execution of, and to protect, keep the men employed. That is all I ask in reference to t:Q.e Spring­ certain public works nf improvement at the mouth of the l\Iissis ippi field armory. River; l\Ir. WHEELER. The Committee on Appropriations have fully An act (S. No. 347) granting aportion of the United States military appreciated the nece ity of keeping at all times at the Sprin~field re ervation at Salt Lake City for cemetery purposes; and armory a band of skilled artisans, and have been governed solely by­ An act (S. No. 438) to withhold from sale the site of the oldlight­ that necessity in fixing this amount at 100,000. The Secretary O.f station at Nayatt Point. Wru·askedin hisestimatesfor$500,000. The committe.ethoughtthcre was no call for that expenditure for the manufacture of arms. There AR)fY APPROPRIATION BILL. is now on hand 150,000 of material at the Springfield armory. There Tbe committee resumed its session. is money sufficient to pay all the men now employed there for the ba.I­ The Clerk read as follO'Ws : ance of this :fiscal year. Andforthe next fiscalyeartherewill be not For manufacture at national armories of the new model breech-loading musk t only this appropriation of . 100,000, but the tanding appropriation of and carbine, adopted for the military ~ce on recommendation of the board of 200,000 for arming and equipping the militia. Under the e circum­ offieers convened under act of .June 6, 18t2, 100,000. stances the committee believe that the e appropriations will keep a ~Ir. DAWES. Mr. Chairman, this money, 100 000, to be expended many skilled men employed at the Springfield ai'IDory as the nece · i­ at national armorie , would be expended in my district. I think it is ties of the country require. the only appropriation which can pos ibly be made by Congre which Mr. BUTLER, of la achusetts. I move to amend in line 177, aft r will be expended in my district. I move to trike out the la t word, "1872," by in erting as follows : to get some information in reference to it. The estimate is 500,000, And for arming the militia of all the States iu accordance with existing law, and aud the committee have cut it down to 100,000 . ., I am not going to for alte1ing the present muzzle-loader , $400,000. stand here and antagonize with the Committe.e on Appropriation in any effort they are going to make at reduction simply because it comes I may perhaps ask for nn extension of time beyond the five minutes in my own district. · allowed me under the rule, in order that I may properly present this what I desire is to ascertain from the committee certain fact in matter, which, in my judgment, is of very vital importance. I ba.ve regard to the manufacture of arms at the Springfield armory. ;Last hitherto forborne taking part iu this debate, because I have been year there was appropriated . 100,000. But thP.re wa an unexpended willing to allow the Committee on Appropriations to m:1nage it own balance by which, with the 100,000 appropriated, work was continued bills. As ha been statell by the gentleman in charge of thi bill, at the armory. I am desirous of knowing whether this appropriation [Mr. WHEELER,] since 180 there has been a permanent appropriation of 100 000 can be supplemented at all by any unexpended balance, of $200,000 for arming and equipping the militia. That amount, so that the work can go on in the Springfield armory to the extent of 200,000, was appropriated when we had only eight m+llion people. It keeping the workmen there. Beyond that I have no desire to inter­ was for all kinds of arms and equipments- for muskets, cartridge­ fere with this appropriation. boxes, sabers, belts, cannon, gun-carriages, and for every kind of The work at the Springfield armory is a peculiar one, and unlike ordnance stores di ·tributed among the militia; therefore a very small any other work carried on in the United States. The manufacture of portion of it goes into the manufacture of arms. the Springfield musket is the manufacture of an arm celebrated now Two years ago, under a resolution of this House, the Ordnance De­ throughout.• not only t-his cotmtry but the world. It is made up of partment appointed the ablest commission of officers that ever sat, sixty different parts. I have here a photograph of all the parts. They and that. commission sat for six months, going through a thorough 1874. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. 1245 examination of every possible musket, and every system of small­ breech-loading arms every twenty-four hours, from the 1·aw material arms. They decided, after all their examination, that the Springfield of steel and wood, and that the London Time has said that the capac­ musket, as improved at that armory, was the best possible breech­ ity of this establishment is greater than a,ny in Great Britain T loading arm. Now, there have not been made more than five thou­ l\Ir. BUTLER, of Massachusetts. I am perfectly aware of the ex­ sand of those arms. istence of the establi hment of Remington & Sons, to which, I pre ume, .Mr. ALBRIGHT. Not so many as that. the gentleman alludes. Mr. BUTLER, of Ma sachusetts. My friend says not so many as Mr. MERRI.Al\1. Yes, sir. . that have been made. That being now the standard arm of the United Mr. BUTLER, of Massachusetts. I know, also, the capacity of that States, there are none to be had. Independent of the excellence of establishment; but I know, too, that they have a very large contract the arm, following the experience of the Prussian war, it has been to supply arms abroad-enough to keep them running during the next found that a caliber of .45 of an inch is the best size of bullet for use. fiscal year. They are making very good guns indeed, but the diffi­ They have therefore reduced the bore of the gun to that size. It is culty is, our Army, under the law of Congre , has adopted a standard to be :fitted with metallic ammunition, and no ammunition that is of .05 of an inch less caliber than the Remington gun; and the am­ now made will fit that gun except that which is being made at the munition for one style of gun will not suit the other any more than Government manufactory. my hat would fit the head of my friend from New York. That being so, we are in this condition : that unless we have these Mr. MERRIAM. The ammunition is now made to :6.t. arms made we have no standard arms, and the militia will be, as they l'tir. BUTLER, of Massachusetts. I understand about the makinO' are being now, armed with all sorts of arms, of all sorts of caliber. of the ammunition; but if ammunition is made as big as my thumb My own State of Massachusetts has purchased six thousand arms of it will not fit a muzzle that is only as big as my little finger. That is different caliber. New York has purchased, I think, twenty thousand the difficulty. If we are going to discard that standard, be it so ; if of a still different caliber. Other States have purchased a large num­ we are not going to discard that standard-and I think n o one here ber of arms of various calibers. The consequence is that all these arms will say that we ought not to sustain it-then we ought to keep this will be useless whenever they are brought together, and our troops Springfield armory at work; and we cannot keep it at work unless will be precisely as were the troops on the battle-field of Bull Run, we make a larger appropriation than is here proposed. · where two regiments could not fire a shot because there was different Besides, as I was about to say when interrupted, the States should ammunition of different caliber served out to each. be able to buy tJ:lese arms from the Springfield armory; and then the Now, it is to avoid all that that we should begin this manufacture. body of our militia will all be armed alike. Many of the States will It is very poor economy not to do it. The Springfield armory is capa­ be obliged to do this- among them Mas achusetts andNew York and ble of turning out :five hundred guns a day. This prese.nt sum of some of the Southern States. Some of the States in the far West have 100,000, with all the balance of appropriations that may be left, will overdrawn their quota for the purpose of fighting the Indians; and not enable them to turn out more than one hundred and fifteen guns they cannot get any more arms to enable their militia to co-operate a day, because, as this report shows, .a gun costs sixteen dollars, and with our Army unless the Government manufactures the arms; and gentlemen can see how few can be made with that appropriation. they must be manufactured at the Springfield armory. Another diffi­ Con equently it is a great want of economy to cut down this appro­ culty is, that when our military force on the frontier is brought into priation, for this rea on: it costs just as much to light the armory, to connection with the militia, they cannot operate together, because warm it, to superintend it, and to furnish the power for it, with a they have two different kinds of ammunition. small appropriation as with a large one, while all the other expenses Thanking the committee for giving me an opportunity to explain are going on, when they are doing substantially nothing. my views, I will, in conclusion, merely express the hope that this ap­ As the gentleman from New York [Mr. WHEELER] says, there is a propriation will be raised to $400,000, which is 100,000 less than the large quantity of old material which might as well be worked up. amount recommended by the Secretary of War. That being so, the question is, shall we dispense with this body of l\fr. WHEELER. Mr. Chairman, as to so much of the argument skilled workmen and carry on our arn).ory, when the cost of superin­ of the getJ.tleman from Mas achusetts [Mr. BUTLER] as relates to t he tending, and lightin~, and heating will make the gun cost twenty­ necessity of keeping a band. of skilled artisans at Springfield, I fully five dollars; whereas if run on full timeandfull-handedagun will cost agree with him. But as I said to my friend from Massachusetts [Mr. only about sixteen dollars! It is a simple question of economy. DAWES] who sits nearest to me, we are giving the Springfield armm-y The Secretru.-y of War asks for $500,000; that will give about 35,000 just what it has heretofore received and is getting fo · the current arm. · fiscal year-$300,000- which is ample. ~ [Here the hammer fell.] Mr. B TLER, of Massachu etts. How 300,000! I ask that my time may be extended a few minutes. [Cries of "Go Mr. WHEELER. Two hundred thousand dollars which is a per­ on!" "Go on!"] manent appropriation for the manufacture of arms for the StaYtes, and I send to the Clerk's desk and ask hiin to read that which I have the $100,000 which this bill gives. mn.rked, from the annual report of the Ordnance Department. Mr. BUTLER, of Mas achusetts. Pardon ine; the 200,000 goes The Clerk read as follows : not only for smaJl-arms, but for arms of every description. In this connection, as bearing most vitally upon the effectiveness of the armed Mr. WHEELER. I know tha.t a very small portion of that appro­ force of the nation in time of war, the wants of the whole bod:y of the militia. is priation ha.s been deducted in times past for articles other than small­ auain presented for legislative action. The annual appropriation of $200,000 for arms. arming and equipping the militia, :fixed by the act of April 23, 1808, is entirely inadequate at the present time, with a population increased from eight to more than Mr. BUTLER, of j,Iassachusetts. That appropriation covers all the forty millions. As a consequence, some of the richer States of theUnion have had cannon that we made for tho use of the States. to make appropriations of money to provide the arms, &c., necessarY' to suppl[ such 1\fr. WHEELER. The gentleman from Massachusetts would be deficiency; although the intention of Congress, as expressed in the law o 1808, right in the position he takes if this were the proper time for manu­ was that the money so appropriated should supvly the "whole body of the militia." If $'>...00,000 was not deemed too much in 1808, when arms, &c., were cheap as com­ facturing a new arm for the entire country. But as to the policy of pared with the improved and costly mechanism now admitted to be a. necessity, doing that, I take issue with him. It is trne the Secretary of War surely an increase of the appropriation to '1,000'-0.00 is the least that is required to recommended an appropriation of $500,000; and he made that recom­ fullymeetthewants of the" whole body of the mu.itia," and carry out the expressed mendation with the view to the manufacture of a new arm; but he wishes of Congress. . based his recommendation, not on the ground that this arm should be 1\Ir. BUTLER, of Ma sachusetts. Now, I desire to add a word or manufactw;ed for distribution to the State , but that the country two more from the testimony of the General-in-Chief of the Army, ought to have a reserve fund of arms. Now, taking into account the General Sherman. He says, "You ought to have on hand two hun­ new arms already manufactmed, and the money already appropriated dred thollSand of the best possible muskets at all times." Again he for that purpose, the Army will at the end of the cmrent :fiscal year says, in answer to the gentleman from Connecticut, [Mr. HAWLEY:] be provided with the new arm. So far as the regular Army is con­ "The Springfield armory is very fine, and should always be kept in cerned, it will be so provided from appropriations already made. full operation on account of the Government." He also expresses a Now, in addition to this, shonld we undertake the manufacture of desire that all the smaller armories should be discontinued. this new arm for the militia~ I say not : first, because the country I want to add oue word further: We have about one hundred and is not now in a condition to afford the expenditure; and, secondly, 1ifty or two hundred thousand muzzle-loading arms that have gone because the appropria.tion aske

But my answer to the gentleman from Massachusetts is this : Our The appropriation proposed now by the committeei the same appro­ armories are already groaning with the weight of accumulated arms. priation as was made la t year. There is no reduction at all about i . I will show you, on the authority of the Ordnance Btueau, what we 1\lr.DAWES. Iamnotcomplainingof theAppropriationsCommittee. have on hand. ' e have 1,058 Springfield carbines on hand to-flay. l\lr. HOLMAN. The gentleman said that the appropriation had We have 2, 66 Sharps carbines on hand to-day. vVe have 9 pen­ been cut down S400,000. cer carbines on hand. We have 6,930 of the Springfield mu kets. Mr. DAWES. I 11oke of the appropriations L ing cut down from ·we have 9, 02 of the Remington muskets on hand. We ·have car­ the estimates. tridges for the Springfield, Sharps, and Remington muskets and car­ ' l\Ir. MERRIAM. I move to strike out the paragraph. bines, 5,141,3!.>0. We have cartridges on hand for Spencer carbines, The reduction of the Army, which my coUeague [Mr. WHEELER] 3,127,187. We have several hundred thousand new arms, muzzle­ has been able to introduce so successfully int-o this bill, has met the loaders, withnece ary ammunition. We have quite enough of arms applause of the entire country. But it seems to me, l\lr. Chairmn.n, of new models and caliber, with all the ammunition attached, to meet there is an apparent inconsistency in reducing the Army five thousand any emergency of the country for the coming fiscal year. And I sub­ men, and at the same time increasing the arms of the countTy by an ex­ mit to my friend from Massachusetts [Mr. DAWES] this is not a time penditureof 100,000, especially when my colleague hasju t told us that to embark in any new enterprise of thi.s kind, when, as he knows, the we have enough breech-loading arms on hand to supply at least thirty model and caliber of these arms are changing from day to day and from thousand soldiers-the full number in the employment of the Govern­ year to year. If you make this appropriation, I say to the gentleman ment to-day. I wish to call the attention of the committee to this from Massachusetts the result will be, these arms when manufactured fa-ct, that w:e_~ave on ~nd to-day, beside ~he breech-loaders, mor will be stored, and the next year we will be asked by the Ordnance than one miliwn of Sprmgfield muzzle-loading arms towed away in Department for an appropriation of twenty, thirty, forty, or fifty the ar enals of the country, useless, and becoming le valuable every thousand dollars for cleaning, preserving, and overhauling, which day, and for which we are caUed upon for an annual appropriation to item meets us in the Army appropriation bill every year. I think my cl an and scour off the rust. friend from Massachu ett will agree with me this is a time when l\fr. Chairman, it is impossible for us to chain the inyentive genius we should let alone for a little while the manufa-cture of these small­ of our countrymen. An arm manufactm·ed to-day Will be ob oleto arms. and of little UBe five years hence. Yet now, when we have more than l\fr. PLATT, of Virginia. l\fr. Chairman, I hope the· committee will arms enough on hand to supply our Army, when we have more on ha.ud accede heartily to the request made by the gentleman from Mas a­ than we know what to do with, we are called upon to increa e them, chusetts, [Mr. DAWES,] who has addressed the committee in regard to and for what purpose¥ Simply to give employment to the constitu­ the proposed amendment. I have been more pleased than with any­ ents of the honorable ~entleman from Massachusetts, [l\fr. DAWES 1 thing which has occurr d in this debate to hear the eloquent voice of who has pleaded so feelingly for this appropriation" a~ the only one he the gentleman from l\fassachnsetts [ 1\Ir. DAWES] raised upon this floor shall ask for his district." in behalf of the suffering mechanics in any section of this country, and 1\.lr. Chairman, in this country our private armories are wort.hy of I am none the less pleased because his conversion has only occurred our consideration. It is the glory of our country that we do not when the appropriation to keep laboring men at work in this country require standing armies. Sir, the great army of this Republic is scat­ has only reference to his own district. I hope the effect of his tak­ tered all over our land as it was in 1861, in workshops, on farms, iu ing ground in behalf of making the necessary appropriations to keep city and town; it stands ready if occasion requires, to respond to the skilled mechanics and laboring men to work in his own district will call of country. Fortunately for our civilization the spirit of our induce him to grant liberal appropriations hereafter to keep employed people is neither savage nor warlike; it is only patriotic, and ready if skilled artisans and laborers where they are now in the service of the ne d be. During the last war the Government armories were una'ble Government in the intere ts of other sections of the country. I hope to supply one-tenth the immediate demands: private armories came his interest in this class of men will not stop at the Springfield arm­ to our relief and snppliecl the necessitie of our Government. Mil­ ory, bnt will continue, so that his generous heart will overtlow from lions of dollars were then put into builrungs and machinery by pri­ his own district to some other section of the country, where orne vate enterprise to supply the arms required by the citizen soldier. To­ appropriation is asked for to keep skilled labor at work. I shall day these armories have no Government patrona(J'e whatever; they heartily join hands with the gentleman from Massachusetts to have would be entirely shut up but for the foreign demand for arms. All(t thf' large t sum necessary to k eep his suffering laborers at work in I submit that it should be t he policy of this Government to encomao-e the Springfield armory in his di trict, and I hope the gentleman will its private armories as well as it.s public armorie . The public arm~­ not forget it when I come to ask again, as I may have occasion to do, ries, a the honorable· gentleman from l\Ia achusetts [blr. BUTLER] for som appropriation t-o keep the suffering laborers and skilled arti- has said1 can only turn out five h1mdred arms a day, but one private ans at work in some other section of the country. I trust he will armory m the district I have the honor to represent, tbe Remington give his vote for such appropriation when it comes up for considera­ armory at Ilion, New York, can turn out thirteen hundred completeu tion. I heartly agree with the gentleman in his recommendation, bT ech-]oading arms every twenty-four hours-as good au arm as i a.ncl I will vote with him with pleasure; and I hope a large majority made in the world. Now, if the Government should ever. require a of the committee will vote in the same way. very large supply of modern arms, is it not of as much importance to 1\Ir. DAWES. The amendment I proposed was a formal amend­ have that armory as prepared to respond to the neces ·ity of the Gov­ ment. I ask no other rule for the Springfield armory than I propose ernment as it is to sustain the armory at Springfieltl, l\!assachu ctt.8 , to apply to every other public work. I have not a ked to increase Is there not the same necessity for there being killed arti ans at tlte o this appropriation for the Spring:fielcl armory. I shall endeavor to private armories as for keeping them together in the public armorv meet this question precisely as I will meet every other question. I will How was it when the war broke out f They came from their woi~k­ cnt it down to the lowest possible point of public necessity. The line of shops from all over the country, and were able in a few days to place my condnct here in reference to public expenditures is to be run be­ the best arm in the hands of the soldier for that emergency. tween absolute necessity and every other expenditure whatever, and Mr. Chairman, the private armories of this country do not come to for that rea on I omitted to ask to have this raised. I asked to have these halls to-day asking you to appropriate money to enable them the committee state to this Honse whether they proposed to disband to manufacture arms for the Government now, but they uo ask that the Springfield armory a.nd turn a class of skilled artisans who are edu­ when arms are not needed you shaH not appropriate large sums of cated in no other kind of employment loose, and then hereafter hunt money to fill np arsenals, shutting out thereby all encouragement to over this country with a search-warrant to find them when our nece - keep themselves in readiness to supply arm in the futme by an ap­ sity comes. It is not because it is in my district, l\ir. Chairman. No; propriation, as proposed in this paragraph. Then, too, in the pre ent I did not here undertake to increase any appropriation recommended condition of the Treasury, I submit, as there is no occasjon whatev r by the Committee on Appropriations to be expended. When I do I for this expenditure of 100,000, that it is onr duty to strike it from will be open to the friendly criticism of my friend from Virginia, this bilL [Mr. PLATI',] but not till then. I knew quite well it would not do l\!r. GARFIELD. l\fr. Chairman, I think it will be u seful to the for me to ask this appropriation should be raised. I saw it notified Committee of the Whole to know what has been the history of tbiq aU over the country when it came to the Spring.'leld armory it wonld appropriation dming the past few years. Last year we gave <1'o l!>O,OOO be cut down, and I would be taught by au application of my own for the manufacture of arms at the national arsenal in addition tu medicine to myself how comfortable it was. the 200,000 appropriated by the acts of 1808 ancl1816 for arming the Sir, I welcome it. My constituents will welcome it. I am wiJJing national militia; in

But for the possible contingency of war the Secretary of War would 1\Ir. BUTLER, of Massachusetts. Pardon me; I know where tho nonbtless have asked for only $150,000, as was given last year: The gentleman got those letters ; I took them myself to the committee. Committee on Appropriations having listened to th~ sugg~stions of Mr. WHEELER. The gentleman never saw this letter. the gentleman from Mas ach_us·etts,_ a:nd ackn?wledgmg therr wor~b, Mr. _BUTLER, of Ias. achusetts. The paper was handed to the and force and value under this conditwn of thl.I\gs, aud also recogmz­ comm1ttee, and the gentleman tolcl me the committee never had a inll' the n~cessity of not turning out of our arsenal~ a skilled ~o.rce, meeting af-terward. that cannot be picked up any day as you can piCk up orumary Mr. WHEELER. This letter was handed to me by the OrJ.nance laborers, we did simply this: we rccluced the appropriat~ons made l~ st Department, and it never ha.s been out of my possession. year by the amount of 14 per cent. only. We propose s1mply to_g1ve Mr. BUTLER, of 1\fassac}:msetts. All right; I knew where the an appropriation amounting to 14 per cent. less than was appropnated shaft came from th~tt was hot at me ; I furnisheu it. last year. Ir. WHEELER. Not at all. The Secretary of War says th:.1t be has already enough to arm the Ir. BUTLER, of Mas ·achusetts. Let me again state the difficulty. Army we now have, and 14 per cent. decrease in the appropriation is There are seven hunured thousanu muzzle-loaders, which take paper only about what we pr·opo e of reduction in all the expenditure~ of ammunition; and they are now of no more use than one of last year'8 the Government. And if we are trying to make a O'eneral reduction robins' ?lests. [Laughter.] Look at your statistics, and you wili find of from 10 to 14 per cent. in all ourexpenditures, I ~ould ~e asJ;tamecl that thirty-tru:ee out of every htmdred men wounded in the war were if we were not willing to make at least that much reductwn m the wounded in the right arm. Why~ Because they stood behind the para-· expense of manufacturing small-arms. pets and bad to throw np their arm to ram home the cartridO'es. To But I cannot by any means agree to the suggestion of_ the gentl~­ meet this di~culty all the nations of the earth are adopting a system of man from New York, [Mr. 1-fERRIAl\f,] that we shall strike out thi breech-loa-drng guns, so that a man under a parapet can loa-d his piece appropriation altogether, and de-pend upon private armories ~or the without exposing himself. E pecialiy is it necessary in Indian war­ manufacture of our O'Uns. I believe we have now succeeded m pro­ fal'e that yom men acting as sharp-shooters should not be obliged to ducinO' the best small-:rrm in the world. I think, with the gentle­ throw up their right arms to be shot n.t. It was in pursuance of this man f~om Massachusetts, [ Ir. BUTLER,] that it is probably the best system of breech-loailing arms that we paased the law of last ye:11·. small-arm in the world. But I wish to suggest to that gentleman, Now, when we come to put that law into effect, and an insufficient ap­ and to all who are thinking upon that subject, that this small-arm is propriation is proposed, we are told that it will not cut off the armory. of very recent construction ; we ha,ve adopted it only within the last I know it will not, because the armory bas been cut off already. It few months: Let us give it a preliminary trial with. our re_gul::r Army. has been reduced as low as it possibly can be if it is to be kept up If after two or three years of test and actual experunent 1t still comes at all. up to what the gentleman fror.n Massachuse~s and I bot!I b_elieve it The gentleman from New York talks about the war reserve. Why, will prove to be, then there will be ample time to put 1t mto the sir, $500,000 will only pay for thirty-five thousand muskets, hardly bands of the national militia. I do not believe that it would be wi e enough for your regular Army. to make this large increru e of appropriation in order to secm·e a ~up­ Mr. WHEELER. If that is so, how far will $400,000 go toward ply of this new arm before we have fully and thoroughly tested 1t m arming ~he whole militia of the country ¥ .actual practice. . :Ur. B UT~E~, of Massachusetts. I a~ree it will not go a ~eat By cutting clown this appropriation $50,000 we will not turn out a ways ; but It will go further than nothmg at all. How far will no single skilled artisan ; we do not lose our grasp and control of ~he appropriation at all go¥ [Laughter.] bnsiness of wannfacturing our own arms, as we would by adoptrng 'fhe Sta-tes now cannot get good guns from the national armory, the proposition of the gentleman from New York, [ Ir. MERRIAM.] because we have not got them. There are not five thousand on hand. \Ve do not overstock our armories, as we would do under the propo i­ And yet we ru·e told that this appropriatio:a recommended by the Sec­ tion of the o-entleman from Massachusetts, [:1\Ir. BUTLER.] I hope, retary of War il:l

exclnsive of the enlisted force, is l,G78. The new breech-loading arms and ammu· answer that, I will; but prior to that I desire to have it nuclcrstood, nition on hand in the arsenals are a foJlows, namely: Springfield carbines, 1,058; Sharp carbines. 2,86G; pencercarbines, 988; Spring­ for I do not think the Hou e yet under tancls it, that the arm to fiehl muskets, 6,930; Remington muskets. 9,802. which the letter of the Secretary refe~s are muzzle-loading arms alto­ Cartridges for Springfield, Sharp , and Uemjngton muskets and carbines, 5,141,350; gether. Does my friend agree with me V cartridges for Spencer carbine , 3,1!:!7,1 . Mr. WHEELER. Except about eighteen thousana guus. . We have several hundred tborwaud new !l.l"l1H~ , muzzle-loaders, with neces~ary ammunjtion. Mr. BUTLER, of M1!S13achusett.s. I do not expect to arm all the .. militia out of 400,000. It took us from 1808 to 1850, with 200,000 By order of Chief of Ordnance : appropriated every yea!·,. to be&ln to arm om militia up to the late Respectfully, your obedient servant. war of the rebellion. All that nas been swept away; aucl I am now S. V. BE~T. Major of Ordnance. a h.'i.ng simply there shall be arms o the border tat s can get them Ron. WILLilll A. WHEELER of good. quality to repel Inilian invasions. House of Repr&entatwes,1 Washington, D. 0. Mr. CQBURNrose. ?!Ir. WHEELER. We have this immense stock of arms on hand The CHAIRMAN. D bate is exhausted. after upplying the Army, on the basis of thirty thousand men, with ~Ir . COBURN. If the gentlemen will withdraw hi amendment I tl.w new arm. There I leave the subject. will renew it. ~Ir. O'NEILL. I wi h to submit an amendment; and my object in Mr. O'NEILL. I withdraw it. tloing so-- Mr. COBURN. I renew the amendment. The CHAIRMAN. Debate is exhausteu, and no further amend­ 1\ir. Chairman, if I suppo ed we would be soon involved in war I ment i in order. The question is upon the amendment'of the gentle- would be in favor of much larger appropriations for mall-arms than mrm from New York, [Mr. iERRI.A..~.] · we have now proposed. I have no doubt we would require very large The amendment was re::u..l as follows : appropriations for the manufacture of these new and improved arms; Strike out lines 174 to 178, as follows: but if we have no war, if we have a continued term of peace, a we l!'or manufacture at national armoric of the new model breech-loading musket likely will have, we will be sorry we have made the e lar~e appropri­ and carbine, adoptecl for the military service on recommendation of the boaru of ation . I a.m not in favor of taking extreme ground either way. I officers convened untler act of June 6, 1872, 100,000. would not make a parsimonious allowance for the manufacture of the Mr. HALE, of New York. I rise to a qnestion of o.rrl.er. Should improved small-arms, and I would not make as lai'ge a on,e as that pro­ not the motion of the gentleman from Massachuse~, which is desi~ned po eel by the gentleman from Ma sachusetts. to perfect the paragraph, be pnt before the motion to strike out 1 I believe he proposes to manufacture too large a supply of these The CHAIRMAN. 'fhe poiut is well taken. The Chair did not gun . In the first place there has been no branch of manufacture in understand that the whole parurpnvate sh~ , ?-om careles. ness01: ne,.,lect., injure or render his horse muzzle-loaders against their breech-loaders as you would have been unTit for RCl"VJ.ce, and shall f:ul ttl supply a sCITice;;'ble hur:oe mtllin the periou of forty years a.go with tho old flint-lock smooth-bore against Spriugfi.elu t en days from the)oss, such soldier shall from such time until he shall furnish hirn­ muZ7;le-loading rifles. The Springfield muzzle-loailing rifle was an s~lf with a h?1-se be entit_lecl only to the .Pa,y of a 11~·ivate of i.n?ntry: And pro­ excellent weapon in its day, but the day if:! past. Wars will be con­ mded fttrther, That the officers, non-comrruss1onefl ollicers mus1ctans fa-rrier. and privates of said regiment shall, when mustered into the ser'vice of the Unitell States ducted with breech-loaders hereafter; and every military authority be subject to the Rules anuArti.cles of War. They shall be armed at the expense of 'Vill, of course, bear me out in this. tho Unitecl States, us the President shall direct. Tiley shall be alloweu the same It would be feasible to contract with private armories, such as Rem­ pu1ay, rations, and .allowances in J?nd, including !Jlothmg, and be subject to the same ington's and Colt's, and a few others, to have proper machinery ready r es and re~ations as aro ~roVIded for the r egunents of r.avalry now in the service; but no field ollicer shall receive forage for a greater number of hor-ses than he may to set at work at a week's notice in case of threatened war, and, in from time to time actually have in service. No pay or allowances shall be due until conjunction with the Springfield n.rmory, turn out several thousand saicl regiment shall be received into the service, but each officer and man shall then rifles a day. But for the present it would seem wisest to let the be e~titled to one clay's pa:y and !Lllowance for every twenty miles he may have been Springfield armory go on, (if this is really a good weapon which the reqrured to travel from his · residence to the place of muster. Aml the sum of board ha.s adopted,) and supply your Army, and put up a large reserve, ~~~~~~t !:e:e~~~~opriated for the subsistence and pay of said regiment when selling off the old patterns as fast as the new ones were ready to take their places. If it is worth while t{) prepare at all, let us dispense Mr. WHEELER. I raise the point ·of order that this amendment with the antiquated muzzle-loaders. For the world will fight with also involves new legislation, · · breech-loaders, and none other, hereafter. I withdraw the amend­ The CHAIIDf.A.N. The point of order is well taken. ment. 1\!r. COBB, of Kansas. I move to· amend by adJing the following : The CHAIRI\1AN. The question is on the amendment of the gen­ P1·ovided_, '.rp.atthe Secretary ?f Wa!', in the expenditure.of any money appropri­ ated by thi~ bill, where the .Pae1fic Railroads or any of t~e11· branches, in anJ case tleman from Massachusetts, [Mr. BUTLER,] which the Clerk will where the Government retains the amount chargeJ for Its bu iness on a.ccount of read. advan~es made to such ~ilro!l'ds or ~i~h er of ~he~, come into comp~tition \vith any The Clerk read as follows: o!Jler line of tran~portation, m de01ding which lme of transportat10nisthe lowest Strike out, in line 178, " 100,000," and insert in lieu thereof the words "arid for hidder, shall consider all the money to b e paid to the said Pa-cific Railroads or their arming the militia of all the States, in accoruance with existing law, and for altera­ branches.a.s so much saved to the Treasury, and govern the transportation of men tion of the present muzzle-loaders, 4oo;ooo." and l:lupplies accordingly. - The committee divided; and there were-ayes 28, noes 120. . 1\Ir. WHEELER. I know that the gentleman obtained a suspen­ So the amendment was not agreed to. siOn of the rnles so that this amendment might be in order to this bill. :Mr. D.A. WES. I have an amendment which I desire to offer, and But I ask him to withhold it until the end of the bill is reached. which I think the committee will! consent to. 1\!r. COBB, of Kansas. I will withdraw it with the understanding 1\:Ir. NIBLACK. I trust the gentleman will permit the committee that it can ·then be offered. , now t.{) rise. Mr. WHEELER. I move that the committee now rise. Mr. D.A.WES. After this. I move to amend by adding the following: The motion was agreed to. The committee accordingly rose; and the Spea,ker having resumed Provided, That no part of this sum shall be expended at said armories in the per­ fection of patentable inventions in the manufacture of arms by officers of the Army the chair, Mr. KELLOGG reported that, in pursuance of the order of the otherwise compensated for their services to the United States. House, the Committee of the Whole had had under consideration the .A. single word in explanation. It has been the custom of officers of Union generally, and particularly the speci;:~~l order, being House bill the Army, who have a patentable idea which they think of great N o.lOOO, making appropriations for the support of the Army for the fis­ value, to go to the Springfield armory and avail themselves of the cal year ending J nne 30, 1875, and for other purposes, and had come to facilities there, at the expense of the Government, in perfecting a no resolution thereon. _ patent, and then the Government is obliged to pay them for the use DIPLOMATIC SYSTEM OF THE Ul\'ITED STATES. of that patent, while civilians have to perfect their own patents at their own expense. It does not seem right, when the Army officer is Mr. ORTH, by unanimous consent, introduced a bill (H. R. No.1766) paid for his services a regular salary, that he should have facilities to amend an a-ct entitled "An act to regulate the diplomatic and con­ furnished him at the expense of the Government, and get detailed to sular system of the Unite9- States," approved August 18, 1856, and for the Springfield armory, or other armory, to perfect a patent which he other purposes; which was -read a first and second time, referred to intend!:! afterward to avail.himself of when used by the Government the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and ordered to be printed. of the United States. 1\!r. BECK. Not to be"brought back on a motion to reconsider. Mr. WHEELER. I see no objection to that amendment, and hope The SPEAKER. That will b~ the understanding. it will be adopted. CLAIMS AGAINST CHILI. The amendment was agreed to. Mr. SMITH, of Virginia. I ask unanimous consent to submit the The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from New York [l\fr. Cox] yes­ following resolution for consideration at this time: terday moved an amendment which, at the suggestion of his col­ R~olved, That ~he Secretary of State ~e, and he is hereby, requested to transmit league, [Ur. WHEELER,] he deferred offering until at the end of this to this House copies of all papers on file m the Department of State in reference to section. That amendment will now be read. claims of citizens of the United States against the r epublic of Chili. The Clerk read as follows : Mr. WILLARD, of Vermont. Has not that information been Provided, That no money greater in amount than that which is specifically appro­ already communicl\ted in some published document 'f f~~air!:f§~~y purpose be expended in the public service by any officer of .Mr. SMITH, of Virg-inia.· It has not. No objection was made, and the resolution was adopted. Mr. BUTLER, of Massachusetts. I make the'point of order upon this amendment that it is new legislation. ENROLLED BILLS SIGNED. The CHAIRMAN. The point of order is well t·aken. .. Mr. PENDLETON, from the Com.mitt.ee on Enrolled Bills, reported The next question was upon the motion of Mr. MERRIAl\f to strike that they had examined and found truly enrolled bills of the fol­ out _the paragrap~ as amendea; and the question being taken, the lowing titles; when the Speaker signed the same: motiOn was not agreed to. . An act (S. No. 216) to change the name of the pleasure-yacht Fear­ Mr. BANNING. I move to amend the section by add:illg the follow­ less; and mg : An act (H. R. No. 1754) to amend the act entitled" An act 0!!Tantinoo Provided, That no money herein appropriated shall be used or expended for re­ a pension to Amos Farling," approved February 5, 1873. o ~ruiting service when the Army has a numerical force of twenty thousand, nor to Mr. BECK. I move that the House now take a reces until half- mcrease the Army to exceed that number of troops ; nor shall any money herein ap­ propriated be used to paythesalaryofanynewlyap:pointedofficer until the number past seven o'clock. . of officers is reduced to a. less number than is reqrured by law tO command twenty The.motion wa.s agreed to; and accordingly (at four o'clock and thousand troops properly organized. thirty minutes p.m.) the House 0ok a recess until half-past seven p. m. Mr. ~ELER . I :raise the point of order, that the amendment propose?- IS n_ot germane to the pending paragraph, and it also involves EVENING SESS.IDN. new leaiSlatwn. · The Honse reassembled ·at half-past seven o'clock p. m., Mr. G. F. The 5HAIRMAN. The point of order is well taken. HoAR in the chair as Spt>-aker pTo tempore. Mr. HERNDON. I move-to amend by adding th~:~ following: Provided, That the President of the United States be authorized to receive into REVISION OF TIIF. STA"I:.UTES. th~ service of th~ United States one regiment of Texas mounterl volunteers, to be The SPEAKER pTo t.enipore. The House meets this evening to re­ r:u se ~l and orgmnzed by _the ~tate of. T exas forth~ defense and protection of the fr,1ntier t~ereof; t~ con~ue m senTice ~om the time the whole r egiment may be snme the consideration of the bill reported from the Committee on musterccl m.to service_for ~he term of ru.ghteen months, unless sooner discharged Revision of the Laws of the nited States. It is entitled "A bill by the Pres1de~t. S3.ld r~giment ~ball be composed of one colonel, one lieutenant­ (H. R. No. 1215) to revise and consolidate the· statutes of the United colonel, one ID:nJor, ont; adJ~~nt Wltli the rank of first lieutenant, one quartermas­ States in force on the 1st day of December, A. D. 1873." The pendin

The amendment was read as follows: examination he shall be suspended from appointment for one year, when he m::ty be re-examined before a like board. In case of bilure on such re-examination I.J.e Amend by strikino- out " 13" and inserting "16, " so that the section will rend thus: shall not be commissioned as an ordnance officer. SEC. 1143. The Sui)sistence Depa-rtment of the Army shall consist of one Commis· sary-General of Subsistence, with the rank of brigadier-general; two a sistant Mr. LAWRENCE. I will state in reference to section 1163 theWar commissary-generals of subsistence, with the rank of colonel of cavalry; two as­ sistant commissary-generals of subsistence, with the rank of lieutenant-colonel of Department called the attention of the committee to section 4 of a1.1 cavalry; eight commissaries of subsistence, with the rank of major of cavalry; act approved March 3, 1 63, chapter 1, which provides that ~'no offi­ and sll.-teen commissaries of subsistence, with the rank of captain of cavalry. cer of other regiments or corps of the Army shall be transferred and The amenument was agreed to. commissioned as an ordnance officer until," &c. . Mr. LAWRENCE. The next section to which I 'wish- to offer an The SPEAKER pro tmnpm·e. D ate is not in order when there is amendment is section 1149. no propo iton pending before the House. The section was as follows : 1.1r. LAWRENCE. I move on page 267, section 1170, in line 3, to SEC. 1149. Each ration shall consist of one pound and a quarter of beef or three­ strike out " artificers and laborers," and insert "and enlisted men;'' quarters of a pound of pork, eighteen ounces of bread or flour, and at the rate of so that it will read: ten pounds of c· 'l:fee, fifteen pounds of sugar, two quarts of salt, four quarts of vine­ SEC. 1170. The Chief of Ordnance shall half yearly, or oftener if so directed, gar, four ounce:; of pepper, four pounds of soap, anel one pound and a half of canilles make a report to the Secretary of W:tr of all the officers and enlisted men in his to every hundred rations. department of the service, anti of all orc:lnance and ordnance stores unuer his con· Mr. LAWRENCE. I move to amend thlssection byinsertingwhat trol. . is found in the eighth section of the act of April 4, 1818, Statutes at The amendment was agreed to. Large, volume 3, page 427, as follows : 1.1r. LAWRENCE. I move on page 267, section 1171, the followin6 The President may make such :tlterations in the component parts of the mtion as amendments: a due regard to the he:tlth and comfort of the Army :mel economy may require. Strike out "three" in line 4, and insert "four;" in line 5 strike out "fifty-th-e" The .Army ration is fixed in Durant's revision, sections 1149 and anel insert ''sixty;" in line6 strike out "ninety-four" and insert "one hundred anel fifty;" and in line 9 strike out " :four" and insert "five;" so that it will read: 1150, and in the commissioners' revision, page 594, section 52, and by SEC. 1171. The MeCe The amendment was agreed to. why this provision should not be retaine

SEc.-. Application for s~ ch trnss shall b ~ malic by the rupt;urcd soldier. to an of the same act is in part in section 1224, page 29-2, Mr. Durant's ex amini~Surgeon for pemnons, whoso uuty 1t shall bo to examme the applicant, reVIsiOn. But there should be added at the end of section 1 2~1 the anol wh n be i. fouurl to haYe a. rupture or hernia, to prepare Dr forwar~ to the Sur­ goon-General an application for uch trusR, without charge to such sol(her. words which I have sent to the Clerk's desk, because they are founcl SEc. -. The Surgeon-General is authorized and

"that, till otherwise ordered by Congress, the officers of the Navy shall not be in­ one, of all those brought before it, which is best calculated to meet the demands of creased beyond the number in the respective grades that were in the service on tho our military service. 1st day of January, 1842," that at the latter date there w ere twenty-four chapla.ins ~J.'he r epo_i·tof t;he board wa,~ approved, and the Springfield system of breech-loader on the list, aml no change in the number of that grade has been authorizeu by Con­ ~ hencefo.rth be used for the musk ets and ca.rbines of the Army. At the same gress since the aforesaia act. time the caliber of all small-arms for the service-rifles carbines and revol\ers­ GEORGE M.. ROBESON, has been fixed at .45 of an inch. It is now a question of i;ra,e imJ;Ortance whet her Secretary of the Na-vtJ. J?.eW arms of the acc~pted sy. tem shall not b_e made at onco in sutlici nt quantities The amenilinent was agreed to. for a. resei'\~e supply lll case of war, and to this end an appropriation of 500 000 h.·s :Mr. LAWRENCE. I move to amend section 1296 by inserting after been askcu for tho next fi~cal year for the manufacture, tog ther with the m'ateriais the word ''prescribe" the worU.s "the uniform of the Army, aml ;" so now on hand, of about thll'ty-five thousanu arms. that it will read : 1~r: ;E. R. _HOAR. I wish to move an amendment to a. part of this The President may prescribe the uniform of the Army, and the quantity and kind rev1s10n which ha{; already been passed over; I refer to section z04, of clothing which shall be issueu annually to the troops of the Uruted States. on page 41. Mr. Speaker, this amendment was in part explained in the debate The section was as follows: in this House on the evening of the 22d of J ::muary last. The origi­ SEc. 204. The subordinate officers, clerks, and employes of the Department of nal article lOOof the Articles of War, as embraceu in the act of April State; and their respective saJ.aries. shall be as follows: One chief clerk, at a salary of 2,500 a year; Chief of the Diplomatic Bureau, at a 10, 1806, (Statutes at Large, volume 2, page 371,) contained a provision sa~ry of 62,400 a year; Chief of the Consular Bureau, at a sala.r·.v of S2,400 a year; that "the President of the United States shall have power to pre­ Chief of the Bureau ?f .Accoun~, at a salary of 62,400 a year; Chief of the Bureau scribe the uniform of the Army." That provision bas never been re­ of Indexes and .Archives, at a sal:1ry of e2,400 a year. six clerks of clas four of whom one may be appointed eli bursin~ clerk; nine ~lcrks of class three fu·ce pealed in.express terms; but the commissioners on the revision of the clerks of class two, eight. clerks of class one, one messenger, one assista.n:t mes­ laws supposed that it had been repcaleu by implication in a subse­ senger, four watchmen, rune laborers. quent statute, the act of July 28, 18u3, section 37, to be found in Statutes at Large, volume 14, pages 337 anu338. The provision was also 1\Ir. E . R. HOAR. I move to amend by striking out in line 6 the omitted in Durant's revision. I understand that some members of woru "Chief" and inserting "Chiefs," by adding the letter "s" after the Committee on Military Affairs, or the Committee on the Judiciary, the word "Bureau," and by inserting the word "each;" so that the advised the commissioners that, according to their construction, the clause will read "two Chiefs of the Diplomatic Bureaus each" &c.· provision had been repealed by the act. of 1 66. But I am authorized also by making a similar change in the next clause, so that it willi'ead to state by one of tht:> commissioners, Judge James, who, perhaps, did "two Chiefs of the Consular Bureau, each," &c. more work than any other one, that on further examination he is sat­ The amendment was agreed to. isfieu that article 100 of the Articles of ·war, giving the power to the Mr. E. R. HOAR. I wish to move an amendment to the fifth clause President to prescribe the uniform of the Army, is still in force, and of section 1572, which is as follows: that the amendment we now propose should be made. ~ "Dipl_ol!laticoffice;-" sha!-l be de!3~eu to inc.lude embassaclors, envoys ox­ traorclinary, m:unsters plempotentiary, mllllster res1 uent, commissioners char"'eS There are two reasons which operated upon my mind in recom­ d'affaires, and secretanes of legation, and none others. ' ., mending to the Committee on Revisi6n of the Laws that the provis­ ion should now be incorporated in this revi:sion. In the :first place, I move to amend this clause by inserting, after the words "charges when the provision was originally inserted among the Articles of War, d'affaires" the word "agents." it may be supposed that Congress adopted it because an army operat­ I also move to amend section 1673 by inserting after the word ing sometimes at once place and sometimes at another-sometimes "resident," in the first paragraph, the word "agents;'' by inserting in a warm climate and sometimes in a cold one-would find it neces­ after "Hondm'as," in line 11, the words "San Salvador;" and by in- sary to have their uniform correspond to the climate, and that a serting the following new clause between lines :20 and 21 : - change would very frequently be necessary. When, therefore, Con­ Agent and consul-general at AlexanUria, $3,500. gress afterward adopted by law the uniform which had been pre­ It is necessary to e}.'})lain to the House these amendments are in scribed by the President, it may be supposed that Congress intended consequence of raising the consulate at Alexandria to the diplomatic the uniform so adopted to continue until the President for some cause po ition of an agent. might deem it necessary to change it. The same reason which oper­ The amendments were agreed to. ated upon Congre s in ori~nally pa{;sing .the law authorizing the Mr. E. R. HOAR. I move on page 356, in schedule B, section 16 , Presiden~ to change the uniform has continued ever since ; and inas­ to strike out lines 16, 17, 18, which are as follows: much as Congress has not taken away this authority by any express I. .AGE"II~r ..U.'D CONSUL-GENERAL. repeal, inasmuch as repeals by implication are not favored, and inas­ Turkish dominions: much as the necessity which originally operated on Congress may .Alexandria, ~,500. be presumed still to continue, I was of opinion, and the Committee on Revision Qf the Laws concluded, that the provision had not been And in line 1!) to strike out " II" and insert "I." repealed. The amendment was agreed to. I submit a letter which I luwe received on this subject from the Mr. E . R. HOAR. I move on page 367, section 1688, between lines Secretary of War : 30 and 31, to insert "Mexico, 1,000." 'V .AR DEI>.ARTMENT, The amendments were agreed to. Washington, D. 0., January 31, 1874. M.r. E. R ..HOAR . I move on the same page, between lines 33 and SIR: In reply to your inquiry of this day I ha;~·e the honor to inform you that 34, to insert- article 100, of the .Articles of War, approved .AprillO, 1806, (2 Statutes, page 371,) Italy: provides as follows : Rome. $1,500. "The Presiclent of the United States shall have power to prescribe the unifonn of the Army." · The amendment was agreed to. The act approved April 24, 1816, (3 Statutes, chapter 69, page 297,) enlarges the .:\1r. E. R. HOAR. I move on the same page, line 39, to strike out powers of the President in regard to the clothing of the Army. "III" and insert "II." These acts are still in force; and after a careful search of tho Statutes at Large I can find no subsequent legislation which a.lters or restricts the authority of the The amendment wa.s agreed to. · President in this regard. Mr. E. R. HOAR. I move on page 368, section 1688, to strike out Very respectfully, lines 7 4 and 75, which are as follows : WM. W. BELKNAP, Saint Lambert and Longneil, $1,500. Secr,tary of War. Hon. )VILLIAM L.A WRE~CE, M. C., House of Representatives. The amendment was a-greed to. I may state that sub tantially the same reasons operated inmaking Mr. E . R. HOAR. I move on page 369, section 1688, to strike out the change as to rations. line 132, which is as follows : " Pe th." The amendment was agreed to. The amendment was agreed to. Mr. E. R. HOAR. I move on page 371, section 1688, to strike out 1\Ir. LAWRENCE. The next amendment I propose to submit is to in line 192 "IV," and insert "Ill." add after section 1671 the following new sections : The amendment was agreed to. SEc. -. The breech-loading system for muskets and carbines adopted by the Secretary of War, and known as the Springfield breech-loading system, is the only Mr. E. R. HOAR. I move to strike out lines 195 and 196, on pao·e system to be used by the Ordnance Department in the manufucture of muskets 371, which are as follows : o and carbines for the military service. Hayti: SEc. - . No royalty shall be paid hy the United States to any one of its officers or Port-au-Prince; $2,000. employes for the use of any patent for the system, or any part thereof, m entionell in the preceding section, nor for any such patent in which said officers or employes The amendment was agreed to. ma.y be directly or indirectly interested. Mr. BROMBERG. I should like to call the ?tentleman's attention I can state briefly the reason for the insertion of these sections. to line 128, on page 369, where there is printed, 'Barmen, $1,500." Is Mr. POLAND. That matter was very fully explained this after­ not that an error Is not Barmen a misprint for Bremen Y noon in the debate on the Army appropriation bill. Mr. E. R. HOAR. I am not aware that it is an error. Mr. LAWRENCE. This amendment is founded on the a-ct approved Mr. BROMBERG. Bremen is before that. June 6, 1872, Statutes at L.arge, volume 17, page 261. The Secretary Mr. E. R. HOAR. That is at a different rate. I was not aware­ of War, in his annnal1·eport, makes the following reference to this ! will state to the House as a matter of geographical ignorance-of subject: any such place as Barmen, but I have been over in the State Depart­ ment this list of consulates, and they there have su-(5gested no altera­ A board of experienced officers, of which General A. H. Terry was president, was convened iu September, 187:!, for the selection of a breech-loading system for the tion. If there is no such place it is certainly an mnocent error. I rouskets and carbines of tho milit:J.rv se1·vice. After an exhaustive trial of all the will, however, give attention to the matter, and if it be a mistake will e.ystems p;esent,ed, tho IJo:ml s ·lccteu the Springfield breech-loailing system as the see it is hereafter corrected. 1874. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. 1253

I' move on page 372, section 1688, to strike out lines 212 and 213, of twenty-five millions from existing banks in the Eastern States; which are as follows : and the revisers neglected to insert a proviso which I now offer as an Danish dominions: amendment. Saint Croix, 50. Section 5247 was a.s follows : The amendment was agreed to. SEC. 5247. In order to secure a more equitable distribution of the national bank­ Mr. E. R. HOAR. I move on the same page to strike out in line ing currency, there may be issued circulating notes to banking associations organ­ 1 227 "Mexico, 1,000," and insert in its place ''Tampico, $1,000." ized in States and Territories having less than their proportion, and the amount of circulation herein authorized shall, under the direction of the Secretary of the The amendment was agreed to. Treasury, as it may be required for this purpose, be withdrawn, as herein provided, Mr. E. R. HOAR. I move on page 373, section 1688, to strike out from banking associations organized in States ha~g more than their proportion, lines 262 and 263, which are as follows: but the amount so withdrawn shall not exceed $25,0uu,OOO. LIBERIA. Monrovia., 1,000. Mr. POLAND. I offer the following amendment: Add to section 5247 these words : The amendment was agreed to. Provided That no circulation shall be withdrawn under the provisions of this Mr. E. R. HOAR. I move on page 374, line 278, to strike out the section until after the fifty-four millions granted in the first section of the act of letter "s ;"so that it will read "Navigator Island." .July 12, 1870, shall have been taken up. The amendment was agreed to. That is the precise language of the proviso in the act of 1870. Mr. E. R. HOAR. I move on page 382 to strike out section 1733, The amendment was agreed.to. which is as follows: Mr. POLAND. The next amendment is in section 5249. SEC. 1733. The President is authorized, on the recommendation of the Secretary The section wa-s as follows : of the Treasury, to cause examinations to be made into the accounts of the con­ SEc. 5249. A.:n.y association located in any State having more than its proportion sular officers ot the United States, and into all matters connected with the busi­ of circulation may be removed to any State having less tnan its proportion of circu­ ness of their offices, and he may appoint such a$ents as may be necessary for lation, under such rules and regulations as the Comptroller of the CniTency, with that llurpose. Every agent so appomted shall, tor the purpose of making such the approval of the Secretary of the Treasury, shall prescribe. exammations, have authority to administer oaths and take testimony, and shall have access to all books and papers of all consular officers. Every such agent shall Mr. POLAND. H will be observed that this section is the revision receive an annual salary of $5,000 in addition to his actual necessary expenses, of another portion of that -same act, providing that banks may be tho same to be paid out of the sum aJ>propriated for consular salaries ; but no greater sum than $10,000 shall be expended as compensation of such agents in any removed from one State ·to another, under such J,Ules a8 the Comp­ one year. The President shall communicate to Congress, at the commencement of troller of the Currency may prescribe. But the proviso in reference avery rel!nlar session, the names of the agents so appointed, and the amount paid to that is not contained here. I therefore move to amend by adding to each, together with the reports of such agents. to the section these words : The amendment was agreed to. Provided, That the amount of the issues of said banks shall not be deducted from Mr. E. R. HOAR. I move on page 385, in section 1743, to strike out the issue of fifty-four millions mentioned in section 5246. all of line 3 after the word" legation;" and in line 4 the letter" C." That is extracted from the act of 1870. The words stricken out are: "or for any officers mentioned in schedules The amendment was agreed to. B and C ;" so it will read : :Mr. POLAND. The next amendment is to section 5254, on page SEc. 1743. No compensation provided for any officer mentioned in section 1673, or 1326. for any assistant secretary of legation or. any appropriation the!efor, shall be :tP· plicable to the payment of the coml?ensa.tion of any person appomted to or holdmg The section was as follows : any such office who shall not be a mtizen of the United States; nor shall any other SEc. 5254. Every association organized under the preceding section shall at all compensation be allowed in any such case. times keep on hand not less than 25 per cent. of its outstanding circulation, in gold or silver coin of the United States; and shall receive at par in the payment of debts The amendment was agreed to. the gold notes of every other such association which at the time of such payment Mr. E. R. HOAR. I move on page 394 to strike out section 1784, a-s is redeeming its circulating notes in gold coin of the United States, and shall be follows: subject to all the provisions of this title: P.rovided, That, in applying the same to associations organized for issnin? gold notes, the terms "lawful money" and "law­ SEC. 1784. No officer, clerk, or employe of the Government shall require or request ful money of tlie United States' shall be construed to mean gold or silver coin of any workingman in any navy-yard to contribute or pay any money for J?Oliticar J?llr· the United States. poses, nor shall any workiniman be removed or d1scharged for political opinion. Every person who violates this section shall be dismissed from the service of the Mr. POLAND. That section is a. revision of a portion of that stat­ United States. ute which authorized the establishment of gold banks to issue only The amendment wa-s agreed to. notes payable in gold. That act provided that the issues of these Mr. E. R. HOAR. That completes all of the amendments the com­ banks might be in addition to the amount of circulation that was mittee have to propose up to page 396, title 20, and all that part of providedhgenera.lly for national banks. This proviso has been left the st~tutes at present under my charge. out. I t erefore offer the following amendment: I have been asked by several members to state the reason why sec­ Add to section 5254 the following : tion 1784 was reported to be stricken out, and 'the reason is it has been A.:n.d the circulation of such associations shall not be within the limitation of cir- already passed in another place, and is merely an accidental repeti­ culation mentioned in this title. tion of the same thing. The members will find it in section 1546; The amendment was agreed to. which is as follows: Mr. POLAND. The next amendment is on page 1333, section 52&2. SEc. 1546. No officer or employe of the Government shall require or re9.uest any The section wa-s as follows : workingman in any navy-yard to contribute or pay any money for political pur­ SEC. 5282. In lieu of all other taxes payable to the United States, every associa­ poses, nor shall any workingman be removed or discharged for political opinion; tion shall pay to the Treasurer of the United States, in the months of .January and and any officer or employe or the Government who shall offend against the provis· .Jnl:y, a duty of tof one per cent. each half-yearupon the·average amountofitsnotes ions of this section shaJ.f be dismissed from the service of the Ulllted States. in crrculation, and a duty of ! of one per cent. each half-year upon the average amount of its deposits, and a duty of! of one per cent. eachlialf-year on the average Mr. CALDWELL. I desire to call the attention of the gentleman amount of its deposits, and a duty of! of one per cent. on the average amoUllt of its to the difference which exists between section 1784 and section 1546. capihl stock beyond the amount invested in United States bonds. The words are: "No officer, clerk, or employe" in section 1784, while Mr. POLAND. I offer the following amen~ent: ju section 1546 the words are, "No officer or employe," leaving out In line 1 strike out the word " other," and insert " existing ; " and in lines 1 and 2 in the latter section the word" clerk." • strike out the words "payable to the United States." Mr. E. R. HOAR. I noticed that, and am of the opinion that a clerk is an employe of the Government. There was no intention to I will state that this is the provision in relation to the taxation of alter the meaning. national banks. I agree entirely that the language which the com­ Mr. CALDWELL. I merely desired to call attention to the matter. missioners used in preparing the revision is altogether better language Mr. E. R. HOAR. I may say that I am happy to inform my friend and more appropriate than that which wa-s used in the original stat­ from Alabama. [Mr. BROl\IBERG] that the place "Barmen," about ute. But there has been a very considerable amount of litigation which he inquired, has been found. It is somewhere in Prussia.. I over this subject of the taxation of the national banks. Several cases have not yet looked up what is the number of inhabitants, or endeav­ have been determined by the Supreme Court of the United States, ored to settle any of the other existing questions that may attach to it. and these words, as they stand in the statutes, have received a. judi­ I have not anything further to submit to-night. cialconstrnction. The committee, therefore, were of opinion that it Mr. POLAND. The member of the committee who has charge of was better to leave that language, which had been through the courts that portion of the work immediately following that we have now gone and received a. judicial construction as to its meaning, thau to under­ over has not yet been able to report to the committeo. I ask unanimous take to improve it. Wo felt that we might do harm, and we certainly consent to pa-ss over the intervening titles and to take up a little could do no good by making any change. We propo e, therefore, to further on, which is entirely disconnected with those which so far we place in this section the precise language of the original act. have had under consideration. The amendment was agreed to. The SPEAKER pro tempore. That would be in order without ask­ Mr. POLAND. The next amendment is in section 5310, page 1340. mg unanimous consent. The section was as follows: Mr. POLAND. The amendments I have to offer relate to title 62- SEc. 5310 . .All transfers of the notes, bonds, bills of exchange, or other evidences of debt owing to aJiy ll<'ttional-banking association, or of deposits to it credit; all "National Banks." The first is on page 1324, in section 5247. assignments of mortuages, sureties on real estate, or of judgment or de •rees in its Section 5246 combines the various laws in relation to the amount favor; all deposita o? money, bullion, or other valuable thing for its use, or for the of circulation which national banks may have under the original acts use of any of its shareholders or creditors; and all payments of money to either, 1864, made after the commission of an act of insolvency, or in, contemplation thereof. of l !:l63 and namely, three hundred millions, and the subsequent made with a view to prevent the application of its assets in the manner pre cribed fifty-four millions, making the whole amount three hundred and fifty­ by this cht'tpter, or WJ.th a view to the preference of one creditor to another, except four millions. Section 5247 con a.ins the provision for the withdmwal ill payment of its circnlating notes, shall be utterly null and voill. .

1254 -CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. FEBRUARY 5,

l\Ir. POLAND. I move to amend the section by adding these words: question is upon the motion to adjourn, upon which the yeas :mrker, ~saac C. Parker, Par.sons, Pelham, Pendleton, P erry, Phelps, Phillips, of any money or other thing of valno, in present or in prospective, or for the grant­ Pierce, Pike, .James H. Platt, Jr., Thomas C. Platt, Potter, Pratt, Purman, Rainey, ing or procnring any privilege to him, or any other person in consideration of serv­ Randall, Ransier, Rapier, Rawls, Ray, Read, Ellis H. Roberts, William R. Rob­ icesforsaidlndiansrelativetotheirlands, or to any claims growing out of, or in refer­ erts, .James C. Robinson, .James W. llilbinson, Ross, Rusk, Sawyer, Milton Sayler, ence to, aunuities, installments, or other moneys, claims, aemanus, or thing, under .John G. Schumaker, Scofield, H enry.J. Scudder, Isaac W. Scudder, Sessions, Sheets, laws or treaties with the United States, or officialoots of any officers thereof, or in Sheldon1. Sherwood, Lazarus D. Shoemaker, Sloss, Small, Smart., ..A.. H err Smith any way connected with or due from the United States, ui:lless such contract or George L. Smith, H. Boa.rdman Smith .J. Ambler Smith, .John Q. Smith, Snyder: a!!Teement be executed and approved as follows: Southard, Speer, Sprague, Standeford, Starkweather, Stephens, St. .John, Stone, "First. Such agreement shall be in writing, and a duplicate of it delivered to e~tch ·Strait, Swann, Sypher, Taylor, Thomas, Thornbur~h , Townsend, Tremain, Vance, party. Waddell, Waldron, Wallace, W

By Mr. KELLOGG: The petition of certain citizens of New Haven, express stipulation between nations that they will not resort to war Connecticut, for the appointment of a commission of inquiry con­ until peaceful arbitration has been tried. I move the reference of cerning the liquor traffic, to the Committ-ee on the Judiciary. this petition to the Comrirlttee on Foreign Relations. By Mr. LANSING : Resolutions of the Board of Trade of Oswego, The motion was agreed to. New York, in favor of the appropriation of $300,000 for continuing Mr. 1\fORRILL, of Maine; I present the petition of J.D. Jones, the construction of the pier in the harbor of Oswego, to the Commit­ president of the Atlantic Mutual Insurance Company of New York, teo on Commerce. and sundry other presidents of insurance companies, praying that the By Mr. LOFLAND: The petition of citizens of Wyoming, Delaware, Hydrographic Office connected with theNavy Department may be con­ for the appointment of a commission of inquiry concerning the liquor tinued with such support and resources as the Secretary of the Navy tmffic, to the Committee on the Judiciary. in his report asked for, and as will, in his opinion, enable tho labors By Mr. LYNCH: The petition of Armstead Burwell and Pri~cilla of the office to be sufficiently continued. I move its reference to the W. Burwell, for compensation for occupation of their property in Committee on Naval Affairs. Vicksburgh, Mississippi, by the United States, to the Committee on Mr. SARGENT. I would suggest to the Senator that as that peti­ War Claims. tion re pects an item in the naval appropriation bill, it should be By Mr. NEGLEY: Several petitions of citizens of Pittsburgh, Penn­ referred to the Committee on Appropriations. sylvania, for extension of time for payment of taxes on whiskies, to Mr. MORRILL, of Maine. Very well; let it go there then. the Committee on Ways and Means. The PRESIDENT pro temp01"e. The petition will be referred to the Also, several petitions from Presbyterian churches in Pittsburgh Committee on Appropriations. and Allegheny City, Pennsylvania, numbering 900 members, for the 1\fr. CONOVER presented a memorial of the Legislature of Florida, appointment of a commission of inquiry concerning the alcoholic asking for extension of time for settlers under the homestead act to liquor traffic, to the Committee on the Judiciary. make their final proof; which was referred to the Committee on Public By Mr. O'BRIEN: The memorial of Captain Jonas P. Levy, praying Lands. for a final settlement of his Mexican claim, audited August 23, 1854, He also presented a resolution of the Legislatnre of Florida, in favor to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. of an appropriation to build a custom-house at Cedar Key , Florida, By Mr. O'NEILL: The petition of Martha J. Coston, widow of Ben­ and a marine hospital at Sea Horse Key, in Levy Cotmty, Florida; jamin F. Coston, for compensation for the ·use by the Government of which was referred to the Committee on Public Buildings and G1·ounds. certain inventions of her late husband, to the Committee on Claims. Mr. WEST presented .the petition of W. L. Parvin, late captain By Mr. SCHUMAKER, of New York: Resolutions of the common California Volunteers, praying for reimbursement of expenditures in council of the city of Brooklyn, New York, in favor of an appropria­ raising troops; which was referred to the Committee on Military tion for the purchase of land and the construction of a building for Affairs. Government purposes in the city of Brooklyn, to the Committee on Mr. SARGENT. I present a resolution of the Legislature of Cali­ Public Buildings and Grounds. fornia, reciting that certain parties named in it bought and paid, under By Mr. STARKWEATHER: The petition of George Smith and the Unit-e(l States land laws, for certain lands in Solano County. Cali­ others, soldiers in the late war, for modifications of the homestead fornia; that subsequently the lands which these parties had paid for and bounty laws, to tlie Committee on Military Affairs. were confirmed to certain Mexican claimants; that the Government By Mr. WHITEHEAD: The remonstrance of citizens of Mas~tachu­ does not maintain them in the possession of their lands, and that it setts, against any increase of tax on tobacco, to the Committee on retains the money which they paid for them ; stating that these par­ Ways and Means; ties are entitled to relief by the highest equities, and asking that legis­ ByMr. YOUNG, of Kentucky: The petition of citizens of Owings­ lation by Congress may right them in this matter. I move that the ville, Bath County, Kentucky, for a division of the State into two resolution be referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. judicial districts, and for the location of the Federal court for the pro­ The motion was agreed to. · posed new district at Owingsville, to the Committee on the Judiciary. Mr. SARGENT presented a resolution of the Legislature of Cali­ fornia, remonstrating against the granting of any subsidies to the San Joaquin and King's River Canal and Irrigation Company, or other water company, for the purpose of enabling them to perfect their sys­ tems of canals and ditches; which was referred to the Committee on IN SENATE. Public Lands. ' Mr. BOGY presented the petition of Black Beaver, a. Delaware In­ FRIDAY, February 6, 1874. dian, praying payment for services as guide to United States troops during the late rebellion; which wa.s referred to the Committee on Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. BYRON SUNDERLAND, D. D. Military Affairs. · On motion of Mr. SCHURZ, and by unanimous consent, the read­ He also presented the petition of Colonel John D. Foster, Twenty­ ing of the Journal of yesterday's proceedings was dispensed with. second Regiment Missouri Volunteers, praying compensation formili­ PROPOSED .ADJOURNMENT TO MONDAY. tary services rendered during the late rebellion; which was referi:ed Mr. FENTON. I move that when the Senate adjourns to-day it to the Committee on Claims. adjourn to eet on Monday next. 1\fr. MERRIMON. I present the petition of more than 300 citizens 1\fr. MORTON. I hope that motion will not be made now. of the city of Wilmington, North Carolina, a.nd also of the Chamber Mr. WEST. The Senate is not full. of Commerce of that city, praying an appropriation by Congress of The PRESIDENT 1n·o tempm·e. The Senator from New York moves the sum of 250,000 to complete certain works begun at the mouth of the Cape Fear River. The prayer is to have an appropriation made that when the Senate a~journs to-day it a~journ to meet on Monday next. so that these works may be completed, and thereby be a benefit, not Mr. MORTON. I hope the Senator will withdraw that motion for only to that city, but to the whole commercial interest of that section the pre ent. of the Union. I move that the petition be printed, as it is one of im­ 1\fr. SARGENT. Is the motion debatable f I wish to be heard in portance, and referred to the Committee on Commerce. opposition to the motion, if it is debatable. The motion was agreed to. The PRESIDENT p1·o tempore. It is. Mr. MERRIMON. I also present a like petition from more than 200 Mr. FENTON. I withdraw the motion for the present, at the sug­ colored citizens of the city of Wilmington, North Carolina, with the gestion that the Senate is not full. same prayer. I move that this petition also be printed, and referrerl. . The PRESIDENT pro tempo1"e. The motion is withdrawn. Petitions to the Committee on Commerce. and memorials are in order. The motion was agreed to. l\fr. STEWART presented th~ petition of Mrs.M. J. Coston, praying PETITIONS .A.JI.TD MEMORIALS. compensation for the use by the Government of the inventions of her Mr. ROBERTSON presented a petition of citizens of Columbia, husband, the late Benjamin Franklin Coston, particularly that known South Carolina, in reg.trd to the requirements and working of the as the cannon percussion-primer; which was referred to the Commit­ internal-revenue law as applicable to druggists under schedule C ; tee on N av~;ol Affairs. which was referred to the Committee on Finance. Mr. FENTON presented the petition of Anson Atwood, praying for Mr. MORRILL, of Maine. I present the petition of Joshua L. Cham­ an extension of a patent for railroad-car wheels; which was referred berlain, pre ident, and the members of the faculty of Bowdoin Col­ to the Committee on Patents. lege, Bruns\vick, 1\Iaine, in view of the happy .issue of our l::tte arbi­ He also presented the petition of John McHarg, late collector of trations with Great Britain, now so promptly and faithfully fulfilled, internal revenue for the fifth collection district of New York, pra.ying . and of the recent address of the British House of Corrunons to the the return of certain moneys to him alleged to have been stolen by Quee.u, praying her to "instruct her principal secretary of state for his fh'st deputy; which was referred to the Committee on Finance. foreign affairs to enter into communication with foreign powers with Mr. COOPER presented ~the petition of Mrs. Sue Partee, a citizen a view to the further improvement of international law, and the estab­ of Tennessee, praying compensation for property destroyed during lishment of a general and permanent system of international arbitra­ the late war; which was referred to the Committee on Claims. ; tion," earnestly praying the President of the United States, and the Mr. SCHURZ presented the memorial of the Franklin Savings In­ honorable Senate and House of RepresentB.tives in Congress assembled, stitution of Saint Louis, l\Iissouri, relative to the Floyd acceptances to use all suitable endeavors for the attainment of these great and issued by 1\Iajors, Russell and Waddell; which was referred to tho beneficent objects; and as a preliminary measure in the interest of Committee on Claims. general secruity and the reduction of national arm::unents, to seek an :Mr. SCOTT. At the request of the Senator from New York, [Mr.