June 22, 1971, NIH Record, Vol. XXIII, No. 13
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The Creation of Neuroscience
The Creation of Neuroscience The Society for Neuroscience and the Quest for Disciplinary Unity 1969-1995 Introduction rom the molecular biology of a single neuron to the breathtakingly complex circuitry of the entire human nervous system, our understanding of the brain and how it works has undergone radical F changes over the past century. These advances have brought us tantalizingly closer to genu- inely mechanistic and scientifically rigorous explanations of how the brain’s roughly 100 billion neurons, interacting through trillions of synaptic connections, function both as single units and as larger ensem- bles. The professional field of neuroscience, in keeping pace with these important scientific develop- ments, has dramatically reshaped the organization of biological sciences across the globe over the last 50 years. Much like physics during its dominant era in the 1950s and 1960s, neuroscience has become the leading scientific discipline with regard to funding, numbers of scientists, and numbers of trainees. Furthermore, neuroscience as fact, explanation, and myth has just as dramatically redrawn our cultural landscape and redefined how Western popular culture understands who we are as individuals. In the 1950s, especially in the United States, Freud and his successors stood at the center of all cultural expla- nations for psychological suffering. In the new millennium, we perceive such suffering as erupting no longer from a repressed unconscious but, instead, from a pathophysiology rooted in and caused by brain abnormalities and dysfunctions. Indeed, the normal as well as the pathological have become thoroughly neurobiological in the last several decades. In the process, entirely new vistas have opened up in fields ranging from neuroeconomics and neurophilosophy to consumer products, as exemplified by an entire line of soft drinks advertised as offering “neuro” benefits. -
December 11, 2001, NIH Record, Vol. LIII, No. 25
R a Still The Second Best Thing About Payday Dyer Lecturer Probes Persistence H GHL I G •H -TS Post-Sept. 11 Strategies Debated Of Cellular Memory Current, Future Security Measures By Anne A . Oplinger Cellular memory, one of the immune NIH Presents Weighed at Town Meeting system's most astounding characteristics, Security Issues to Employees By Carla Garnett is the subject of the 50th R.E. Dyer lecture he adage "you can never please everyone" might wel~ have scheduled for Wednesday, Dec. 19. The been written to describe reaction to heightened security 0 lecture, lmmuno N IH Gains New measures taken and planned for NIH following the Sept. 11 logical Memory: Deputy Director T tragedy. That's according to an unofficial barometer of e~ployee Lessons for Vaccine remarks Nov. 19 at the first of fow: scheduled town meetmgs on Development.ff will "Safety and Security at the NIH." There was perhaps only one I #. be presented by Dr. NCI Reports on thing everyone could agree on: That is, NIH now conducts Rafi Ahmed at 3 p.m. Progress Against business differently than it did before Sept. 11. in Masur Audito Cancer "Tllis is an opportunity to fill you in on what's going on, the rium, Bldg. 10. -~~-~ · . 1 rationale for what's happening and to hear your ideas," said Dr. """' . ' .,_ Michael Gottesman NIH deputy director for intramural research, . -~ .... Anyone who has during opening rem;rks at the meeting held in Masu_r Auditorium. had chicken pox, Acknowledging that many employees have asked him what they Dr. Rafi Ahmed mumps, measles or can do to help NIH and the nation at a time like this, Gottesman certain other told the audience "What we do here already is of incredible childhood diseases will never have that importance to th~ country. -
January 22, 2010, NIH Record, Vol. LXII, No. 2
JANUARY 22, 2010 The Second Best Thing About Payday VOL. LXII, NO. 2 King’s Lessons Are Not Past, but Present By Valerie Lambros ABOVE · The renovation of Bldg. 3 will retain ore than 40 years after the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., the some architectural features. See story country has surely come a long way. However, as the keynote speaker of the below. M NIH presentation to observe the civil rights leader’s birthday pointed out, there is features much work to be done. The NIH event celebrating King’s life and work was kicked off by a performance by 1 musicians from the Thelonious Monk Institute of Jazz and headlined by author and King’s Legacy Still Lives sociologist Dr. Michael Eric Dyson. 3 NIH director Dr. Francis Collins NHLBI Hosts Stem Cell Symposium opened the event by reflecting on 7 King’s message of service to others. NIH Recruits Management Interns Recalling a famous King quote, Collins said, “We all must decide whether we 12 will walk in the light of creative altru- Jackson Ends 62-Year NIH Career ism, or the darkness of destructive self- ishness.” Dr. Vivian Pinn, director of departments see king observance, page 6 Dr. Michael Eric Dyson gives the keynote lecture at NIH’s annual King celebration. Briefs 2 Digest 10 ‘Decommissioned’ Bldg. 3 Gets Ready to U.S.-India Research Collaboration Volunteers 11 Shine Again Addresses HIV, STDs By Valerie Lambros By David Taylor Facelifts aren’t common treatments at NIH. U.S. and Indian scientists gathered recent- Unless you’re talking about buildings. -
Springer International Publishing AG, Part of Springer Nature 2018 1 M
Biomedicine and Its Historiography: A Systematic Review Nicolas Rasmussen Contents Introduction ....................................................................................... 1 What Is Biomedicine? ............................................................................ 2 Biomedicine’s Postwar Development ............................................................ 7 The Distribution of Activity in Biomedicine and in Its Historiography . ...................... 14 Conclusion ........................................................................................ 19 References ........................................................................................ 20 Abstract In this essay I conduct a quantitative systematic review of the scholarly literature in history of life sciences, assessing how well the distribution of the activity of historians aligns with the distribution of activities of scientists across fields of biomedical research as defined by expenditures by the cognate institutes of the United States NIH. I also ask how well the distribution of resources to the various research fields of biomedicine in the second half of the 20th Century has aligned with morbidity and mortality in the United States associated with the cognate disease categories. The two exercises point to underexplored areas for historical work, and open new historical questions about research policy in the US. Introduction I have taken an unusual approach in this essay to ask a question that, to my knowledge, has not been addressed before: how -
Eulogy for the Clinical Research Center
Eulogy for the clinical research center David G. Nathan, David M. Nathan J Clin Invest. 2016;126(7):2388-2391. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI88381. Op-Ed The extramural General Clinical Research Center (GCRC) program has been funded for more than 50 years, first by the National Center for Research Resources, NIH, and more recently as part of the Clinical Translational Science Award (CTSA) program through the newly formed National Center for Advancing Translation Sciences (NCATS). The GCRCs represent the federally funded laboratories that employ a highly trained cadre of research nurses, dietitians, and other support staff and in which generations of clinical investigators trained and performed groundbreaking human studies that advanced medical science and improved clinical care. Without the opportunity for adequate discussion, NCATS has now stopped funding these Research Centers. In this “eulogy,” we review the origins and history of the GCRCs, their contributions to the advancement of medicine, and the recent events that have essentially defunded them. We mourn their loss. Find the latest version: https://jci.me/88381/pdf OP-ED The Journal of Clinical Investigation Eulogy for the clinical research center David G. Nathan1 and David M. Nathan2 1Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. 2Diabetes Center and Clinical Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. icans with a desire to learn the biomedical research technology of the early twentieth The extramural General Clinical Research Center (GCRC) program has been century were forced to travel to England, funded for more than 50 years, first by the National Center for Research France, Austria, or Germany. -
NATIONAL LIBRARY of MEDICINE Reference Division
NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE Reference Division NOTABLE CONTRIBUTIONS TO MEDICAL RESEARCH by PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE SCIENTISTS A Biobibliography to 1940 Compiled by Jeannette Barry U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE Public Health Service Washington, D. C. 1960 Public Health Service Publication No. 752 CONTENTS Page Preface iii Chronological Table: Notable Public Health Service Scientists vi John Fleetezelle Anderson 1 Charles Armstrong 3 Ida Albertina Bengtson 6 William Mansfield Clark 8 Barnett Cohen 11 Rolla Eugene Dyer 12 Alice Catherine Evans 14 Edward Francis 17 Wade Hampton Frost 19 Joseph Goldberger 21 Claude Silbert Hudson 25 Reid Hunt 27 Joseph Hoeing Kastle 30 James Payton Leake 32 Kenneth Fuller Maxcy 34 George Walter McCoy 36 Ralph Robinson Parker 41 Milton Joseph Rosenau 43 Louis Schwartz 46 Atherton Seidell 47 Maurice Isadore Smith 49 Roscoe Roy Spencer 51 Charles Wardell Stiles 53 Arthur Marston Stimson 56 Carl Voegtlin 58 William Buchanan Wherry 60 ABBREVIATIONS The journal title abbreviations in the bibliographies are those used in the Current List of Medical Literature and for older references, those used in the several series of the Index- Catalogue of the Library of the Surgeon General’s Office. Annotations in the references identified as quoted from “Bloomfield”, “Garrison”, “Kelly” or “Williams,” refer to numbers 1, 4, 5, and 11 in the general bibliography following the preface. ii PREFACE This series of brief bio-bibliographies presents a selection of books and articles by medical and scientific officers of the United States Public Health Service, most of whom worked in the Hygienic Laboratory (later the National Institute of Health) and in the Division of Scientific Research. -
70 Acres of Science: the NIH Moves to Bethesda,” Lesson Plan #1 Focus: Public Health Education
70 Acres of Science: The National Institute of Health Moves to Bethesda Michele Lyons Curator National Institutes of Health DeWitt Stetten Jr., Museum of Medical Research TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgments ................................................................................................ 4 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 5 Establishing the NIH Campus at Bethesda, 1930-1941 ....................................... 6 Gallery: Tree Tops .................................................................................... 13 A Closer Look: Biographies ..................................................................... 17 A Closer Look: The Wilson Correspondence .......................................... 21 Construction of the First Six Buildings ............................................................... 28 Gallery: Construction Photographs .......................................................... 31 A Closer Look: Construction Documents ................................................ 41 The President Comes to Bethesda: October 31, 1940, Dedication Ceremony ......... 45 Gallery: The Dedication Ceremony .......................................................... 47 A Closer Look: President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s Speech, Text and Audio 48 Science and the 70 Acres ..................................................................................... 51 Gallery: Scientists on the 70 Acres ......................................................... -
Motion Pictures and Videocassettes About the Public Health Service
NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE’S MOTION PICTURES AND VIDEOCASSETTES ABOUT THE PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE AND ITS AGENCIES NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE’S MOTION PICTURES AND VIDEOCASSETTES ABOUT THE PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE AND ITS AGENCIES Prepared by: Sarah L. Richards, Curator Historical Images & Sound Collections History of Medicine Division National Library of Medicine 8600 Rockville Pike Bethesda, MD 20894-6075 April 30, 1998 Single copies of this publication may be obtained by writing: History of Medicine Division National Library of Medicine 8600 Rockville Pike Bethesda, Maryland 20894-6075 Information about the interlibrary loan of the audiovisual programs listed in this bibliography may be obtained in writing at the above address, by calling the History of Medicine Division at 301-496-5405, or visiting the National Library of Medicine home page at http://www.nlm.nih.gov. INTRODUCTION The United States Public Health Service (PHS) celebrates its bicentennial anniversary this year, 1998. In honor of 200 years of service to the Nation by the staff of the PHS, the National Library of Medicine (NLM) compiled this bibliography of moving images about the Service and its agencies. DOMAIN This bibliography covers only moving images held at the NLM. There are other holdings of PHS footage at the PHS agencies, National Archives and Records Administration, and Office of the Public Health Historian. However, at this time, there are no resources to broaden the bibliography to include those programs. SCOPE This bibliography includes only motion pictures and videocassettes cataloged in the NLM AVLINE database. (Search terms are listed in Appendix A.) The bibliography includes only those programs that were cataloged as being about or containing some information about the PHS or one of its agencies.