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Industry & Trade Summary Industry\)Q Trade Summary Electric Household Appliances and Certain Heating Equipment USITC Publication 2570 (ME-4) November 1992 OFFICE OF INDUSTRIES U.S. International Trade Commission Washington, DC 20436 UNITED STATES INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION COMMISSIONERS Don E. Newquist, Chairman Peter S. Watson, Vice Chairman David B. Rohr Anne E. Brunsdale Carol T. Crawford Janet A. Nuzum Office of Operations Rohen A. Rogowsky, Director Office of Industries Vern Simpson, Director This report was prepared principally by Georgia P. Jackson Machinery Branch Machinery and Equipment Division Address all communications to Secretary to the Commis.§ion United States International Trade Commis.§ion Washington, DC 20436 PREFACE In 1991 the United States International Trade Commission initiated its current Industry and Trade Summary series of informational reports on the thousands of products imported into and exported from the United States. Each summary addresses a different commodity/industry area and contains information on product uses, U.S. and foreign producers, and customs treatment. Also includea is an analysis of the basic factors affecting trends in consumption, production, and trade of the commodity, as well as those bearing on the competitiveness of U.S. industries in domestic and foreign marlcets.1 This report on electric household appliances covers the period 1987 through 1991 and represents one of approximately 250 to 300 individual reports to be produced in this series during the first half of the 1990s. Listed below are the individual summary reports published to date on the machinery and equipment sector. US/TC publication Publication number date Iltle 2430 (ME-1) November 1991 ....... Aircraft, spacecraft, and related equipment 2505 (ME-2) April 1992 ............ Construction and mining_equipment 2546 (ME-3) August 1992 .......... Agricultural and horticultural machinery 2570 (ME-4) November 1992 ....... Electric household appliances and certain heating equipment 1 The infonnation and analysis provided in this report are for lhe purpose of this report only. Nolhing in this report should be construed to indicate how the Coaunission would f"md in an investigation conducted under statutory authority covering lhe same or similar subject matter. CONTENTS Page Preface ............................................................................. Introduction . 1 U.S. industry profile ......... _. 2 Industry sttucture . 2 Marketing methods and technology trends . 3 Environmental regulations . 4 Consumer characteristics and factors affecting demand . .. 4 Foreign industry profile . 4 U.S. trade measures . 6 Tariff measures . 6 U.S. government trade-related investigations . 6 Foreign trade measures . 6 U.S. market . 9 Consumption . • . 9 Production . 9 Imports .............................................................-. 11 Import levels and trends ...............................................-. 11 Principal import suppliers and U.S. importers . 11 Foreign markets . 13 Foreign market profile . 13 U.S. exports . 14 U.S. trade balance . 14 Appendixes A. Explanation of tariff and trade agreement terms....................................... A-1 B. Statistical tables . B-1 Figures 1. Major electric appliances: U.S. factory unit shipments, 1988-91 . 10 2. Electric household appliances and certain heating equipment: U.S. imports and domestic shipments, 1987-91 . 12 3. Small electric household appliances and certain heating equipment: U.S. imports and domestic shipments, 1987-91 . 12 4. Major electric household appliances: U.S. imports and domestic shipments, 1987-91 . 12 5. Electric household appliances, certain heating equipment, and parts thereof: U.S. imports and exports, 1987-91 . 15 Tables 1. Electric household appliances and certain heating equipment: Hannonized Tariff Schedule subheading; description; U.S. col 1 rate of duty as of Jan. 1, 1992; U.S. exports, 1991; and U.S. imports, 1991 ............................ 7 2. Electric household appliances and certain heating equipment: Producers' shipments, exports of domestic merchandise, imports for consumption, and apparent U.S. consumption, 1987-91 ............................................. 9 3. Small electtic household appliances and certain heating equipment: Producers' shipments, exports of domestic merchandise, imports for consumption, and apparent U.S. consumption, 1987-91 ............................................. 10 4. Major electric household appliances: Producers' shipments, exports of domestic merchandise, imports for consumption, and apparent U.S. consumption, 1987-91 .................................................................... 10 5. Electric household appliances, certain heating equipment, and parts thereof: U.S. imports for consumption, by major product classes, 1987-91 ................................ 13 6. Electric household appliances, certain heating equipment, and parts thereof: U.S. exports of domestic merchandise, by major product classes, 1987-91 ......................... 15 iii INTRODUCTION Floor polishers rely on electrically driven rotary disc brushes and buffing pads to apply, polish, and buff This summary of industry and trade infonnation on wax. - Many floor polishers also perform such electric household appliances covers the period 1987 additional functions as scrubbing, removing water, and through 1991. The report is organized into three major shampooing rugs. sections: U.S. and foreign industry profiles; trade Other electromechanical ldtchen and household measures; and U.S. industry pecfonnance in domestic appliances.-Electromechanical kitchen and and foreign markets. In addition, appendixes provide household appliances are devices with self-contained an explanation of tariff and trade -agreement tenns and motors (some of which are battery operated) and further statistical information on the industry. include food mixers, food processors, knife sharpeners, The electric household appliances considered in can openers, blenders, food waste disposals, ice this summary are divided into two general categories: crushers and shavers, soda fountain dispensers, food (1) small electric appliances and (2) major electric grinders and · slicers, humidifiers, beauty and appliances. These appliances are of the type used in manicming sets, back scratchers, tie racks, liquor homes and do not include electric appliances made dispensers, various electric polishers, and hair brushes specifically for commercial or industrial application (battery operated). This category also includes hair (e.g. commercial and industrial food mixers, clippers, shavers, and scissors. commercial laundry equipment). l The important Electrothermic kitchen and household types, or subcategories, of small appliances are vacuum appliances.-Electrothennic appliances are devices cleaners and floor polishers, electromechanical and that contain an electric element that produces heat for electrothennic kitchen and household appliances, and cooking, warming, and/or heating. Some appliances electric heating equipmenL Major appliances consist may be equipped with an electric motor in addition to principally of refrigerators, dishwashers, washing the heating device. Electrothermic appliances include machines, clothes dryers, and electric cooking stoves flatirons, coffeemakers; toasters, skillets, hot food and ranges. The bulk of trade in the electric heating server units, food warmers, and electric heating equipment category is in such items as space heaters, elements. baseboard heaters, immersion heaters, and other small Dishwashers.-Dishwashers are machines that heating apparatus and is grouped with small household wash, rinse, and dry dishware, glassware, cutlery, and appliances. cooking utensils by chemical, mechanical, and/or Products covered in this summary are included in electrical means. Household dishwashers are produced the following Standard Industrial Classifications: either to fit under kitchen counters or to stand alone. 3585 (pL), . Air-Conditioning and Wann Air Clothes dryers.--Clothes dryers are normally Heating Equipment; front-loading machines. The drying basket lies on its 3631, Household Cooking Equipment; side in the dryer and tumbles the load loosely as it spins, allowing hot air movement through each 3632, Household Refrigerators and Fann garmenL Household dryers have capacities of up to 20 Freezers; pounds. 3633 (pt), Household Laundry Equipment; and 3639 (pt), Household Appliances, Not Elsewhere Electric cooldng stoves and ranges.-ln Classified. conventional electric cooking stoves and ranges, radiant heat is applied to the surface of food from Based on value, 30 percent of total imports of which it is absorbed and conducted through the food household appliances in 1991 were accounted for by until the food is cooked to the degree desired. The two products: electric cooking stoves and ranges (22 most common type of electric cooking unit is the percent) and refrigerators and refrigerator-freezers (8 free-standing range, which comprises electrically percent). The following is a brief description of some heated smface units and one or more ovens. Other of the appliances covered by this summary and their types include drop-in ranges, slide-in ranges, and uses. counter-mounted surface units with separate wall-mounted ovens. Vacuum cleaners and floor polishers.-Electrically powered vacuum cleaners are mechanical devices that Microwave ovens are electronic devices that use rely basically on suction for cleaning rugs, carpets, and microwaves, or high frequency energy,
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