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The MORRIS Owner 440 JULY, 1937
WARNING
TRANSMISSION OILS
The lubrication of modern gear-boxes and back axles demands the same careful attention as does that of an engine.
With these transmission oils, quality, regular replenish- 4:9Rii• ment with the correct grade, and avoidance of indiscriminate mixing of grades are of the utmost importance.
When replenishing gear-box and back axle of your Morris Car insist that Duckham's Morrisol "Sirrom" (Regd.) Brand Synchro-gear and XS-Press Oils are used.
Of these the Morris Manual says—". . . Ask for them by name and insist on getting them."
Announcement of
ALEXANDER DUCKHAM & CO. LTD.
16 & 18 CANNON STREET, E.C.4
-
THE MORRIS OWNER IS AN EXCELLENT MEDIUM FOR ALL ADVERTISEMENTS.
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c7k Pt I \ ( ,\- f N 1 0_ I I' OWNER.. Conindlecl by .-arcl ACIReici , . editor : e 5ucato A • ...:11- ■7 7.- - -f: ,,,,Ii, .6. .,4„.•.-0--- .-q..;„_, , ^-. V .. 4 \s9 0;■1" k.9 -4 ,, ,'. w--, A- . --,-f--' %.,•4' 41:1,3.. 0.4,0!`4.,"}:27./1 ,, Ir4 ,.,------...- ..f...,.„; t:,‘:. ■._,.01S-A --:Ni ir: ?„:•--6-: li.._
ro,1 — MI gilat No. 5 VOL. XIV PRICE POURPENCE JULY, 1987 rot1 crs. The MORRIS Owner Editorial Opinions THE LEADING BRITISH MOTORING MONTHLY • • DIRTY WORK Tim MORRIS OWNER is published monthly. Editorial con- tributions and advertisement copy should be addressed to MECHANICS WHO SOIL THE STEERING WHEEL THE MORRIS OWNER, E have received a letter from a correspondent Cowley, Oxford. who complains bitterly of the handling of his Tekphone : nos Cowley, Oxford. Telegreons : " Morpress," Telex, Oxford W Telex: Oxford Telex 3622. car in a garage by mechanics with dirty Advertisements of goods manufactured by concerns of good hands. repute only are accepted for publication in TILE MORRIS He says that he recently drove into a large and OWNER. Advertisers' statements or claims are not necessarily pretentious garage on an occasion w.hen he had just endorsed officially by Morris Motors Ltd. fitted new loose covers, and particularly asked when handing over the car that care might be taken not CONTENTS for to soil them. He was told—a little condescendingly JULY, 1937 —that that sort of thing was not done in that PAGE particular establishment. EDITORIAL ... ... ... ... ... ...... 441 On calling for the car he found the driving seat IF A CAR IS USED FOR BUSINESS PURPOSES USE YOUR HYDRAULIC JACKS •.. • and back-rest soiled and stained with black grease MY FAVOURITE PICNIC VENUE • • • Blusnics Awnsm. ... ... ... from dirty overalls, as was the passenger's seat in FASHION AT THE WHEEL ... ... . - 462 a smaller degree. The steering wheel was covered WHEN YOU BATHE ... ••• • - 458 PARLIAMENTARY NOTES ... •• • • 469 in grease, rapidly transferred to his gloves. HERE, THERE AND EVERYWHERE ... - • ... 480 Frankly there is no excuse for this sort of treat- THE LAW SAYS— ... - - • ••• *" 462 A ROAD-HOUSE DE LURE.; C E . ... ... ...... ...... 463 ment in any garage. We hope we are right in saying TUE BELLS— RINGING AND CHimiNG. ... ...... 484 THE MORRIS OwNER RALLY AT LILLESHALL HALL ...... • 488 that it is exceptional. We would point out to those garages who are guilty of such lapses that it is FOR AN INVALID'S USE ... ... ... ...... 476 so Burs A GOOD MORRLs CAR ...... „ ... 478 assuredly one of the surest methods of driving i Hz Quazx's?USST ...... , ...... 478 STOW/NG THE -UGGAGE .. 482 customers to competitive concerns where they have THE DISABLED DRIVER AND THE LAW ...... 484 ON FITTING TYRES ... ... ..„ ..„ ...... 486 a proper respect for the interior of a client's car. Homs Gnows Iduzs ... ... ... ... ...... 490 There is no excuse even for a dirty steering wheel. OTHER OWNERS' OPINIONS ... ... ... .„ ...... • 497 INFORMATION BUREAU Many drivers, especially in the warmer months,
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The MORRIS Owner 442 JULY, 1937
Editorial Opinions—contd. If, for instance, conditions exempting the pro- prietors from liability are printed on the face of the like to drive in light, washable gloves which are receipt, or if they are printed on the back and the very short lived. To buy a new pair of gloves and words "for conditions see back" appear on the face, unmediately have them ruined by handling a dirty then a court of law would hold that the proprietors steering wheel is certainly exasperating. had done what was reasonable. • • KEEP THE FILTER CLEAN STATUTORY THIRD PARTY A CAUSE OF LOSS OF POWER IS INSUFFICIENT E have recently had a letter from The AC- 'T'HERE are four main types of motorcar in- Sphinx Sparking Plug Co. Ltd. pointing out J[ surance. First there is statutory third party NVthat it is possible that a great many cars are insurance. This covers only the risks which the not giving of their best, by reason of the owners not law compels all motorists to insure against—the being aware that the air cleaner needs occasional death or bodily injury of third persons. attention. Then there is ordinary third party insurance, more As most of our readers will know, the filtering extensive than the obligatory kind in that it covers element in the air cleaner is made of a woven damage to other people's property as well as to their mesh, which gradually becomes filled up with dust bodies ; then comes third party, fire and theft. and grit that it has kept from entering the car- Finally comes the comprehensive policy covering buretter—this is its mission. not only damage suffered by other people but also It stands to reason that if too much foreign to the car of the person insured. matter is allowed to accumulate, there is the Far too many folk are content with the first possibility that the air supply to the carburetter or second sort of insurance policy. Being careful may become seriously restricted. This clearly will drivers, they argue that if they are in an accident result in too rich a mixture, which brings with it it will be the fault of "the other fellow," therefore increased petrol consumption, and, to some extent, if their car is damaged they will be able to recover a falling off in performance. the cost from that other fellow, and so save their There are full instructions in the manual on the 4.0‹,OR A insurance premiums. simple attention required about every 5000 miles, cm"? 'A <<, Every lawyer will tell you that there is all the and we are informed by The AC-Sphinx Sparking crs' difference in the world between having a good claim Plug Co. Ltd. that they will be glad to forward a and being able to enforce it. leaflet free of charge to The MORRIS Owner readers. Fire is the oldest of all risks—it was the Great Fire Their address is Dunstable, Bedfordshire. of London that gave impetus to the first introduction . • of insurance—and still one of the most dreaded. And a fire loss is usually a total loss ; there is precious OUR NEW MINISTER little salvage in a car that has been through a con- WE ALL WISH HIM WELL flagration. VERY good wish to Dr. Burgin, who steps Uninsured owners have in most cases lost into the Ministry of Transport from the Board the entire value of their car. They have in the E of Trade. ordinary course of things no claim against the It falls to him to consolidate, and to a great proprietors of the garage. The duty of a garage extent straighten out, the efforts of his prede- proprietor towards those who leave their cars on cessor. He has anything but an enviable task in his premises is a duty to take reasonable care. He endeavouring to clarify a situation fraught with is not responsible for accidental loss—and fire is difficulties to all concerned ; difficulties for the most usually accidental. A person who loses his car in part emanating from the Ministry itself, and their a fire in a public garage cannot saddle the proprietor abolition therefore all the more urgent. with responsibility unless he can prove negligence. It is interesting to observe that one of Dr. Burgin's And that is no easy task. first tasks was to settle the situation created by the In order to render our remarks about the liability Construction of Vehicles Regulation, which author- of garage owners for loss strictly accurate, we must ised a police officer to call, inspect and test a car add that in very many cases the owners prudently without the authority of the owner. The Minister "contract out' of liability even for the negligence has effected an honourable climb-down, and included of their workmen. This is usually done either by provision for notifying the owner and affording him posting up a conspicuous notice disclaiming liability an opportunity to be present. for safe custody, or by printing such a condition One could wish that the Transport Minister could upon the receipt given the motorist for his car. have brought with him a greater knowledge of These conditions are binding on the motorists if transport, but in that he has already shown himself they have actually read them, and also if, although a man of ability at the Board of Trade, we may hope they have not read them, the garage owner has done that this knowledge may be readily acquired ; any- what is reasonable to bring them to their attention. how, it is certain that he will not lack advice.
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JULY, 7 937 443 The MORRIS • Owner —
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., V,..-- ,.. - .■ : -,„ s si.?•% ! • •% \ , <045., n -.- _- __* • r- ..:.fi;;:?„,‘„...16:1' • ( — .-7.:. t -• -, • f.t: l.„ 1. &Mascot -- y - ' .44 . •—• OLLOW me, follow me, el' Gleaming and gliding ,o_riii, •,,,-.:<„,.., Into the valleys and over the downs ! 1 ja..RA• :hfla ;sr,es 4,, -...... Follow me, follow me, ip•te• IS 3011414rer Leisurely riding, I know the lanes where the Summer is hiding gr al 1 Of• Far from the smoke of the towns 1 A / ti , 'ill .i I 1 Follow me, follow me, Flying and flashing, i\ r,,1,t1#if? / i t S' Clouds come a-blowing, but what do we care ? Follow me, follow me, If Shining and splashing, 1 . ,. I J(1 Rain all about us is driving and thrashing . 'c White, as I dive through the air ! I.''' '1.4. Follow me, follow me, !,5; ,4,1, • ..,.rv,"N. ...0 Seekers of pleasure, ,• „4:4-e.0.1, Mine is the path of the venturer bold I ,.t. ,ti. Follow me, follow me, -..• --=• I know of treasure 3*. .- . - Hid in the countryside, wealth without measure, VI c.. :: ::: Fields that are laden with gold ! ' -..,... --, • 41: ,- SHOWELL STYLES. ri.,,
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The MORRIS Owner 444 Jun'', 1937 A CAR IS USED FOR BUSINESS
•cticf,ORA Being an exposition of the most effective and equitable way of assessing the (escr s' value of business miles for taxation allowance - - By a Chartered Accountant Y this time most motorists will have completed which they have submitted to the Inspector of that usually unwelcome and long delayed task Taxes for purposes of computing their liability to of rendering their. annual return of income to tax. If they have omitted to do so through an error the local Inspector of Taxes. or mistake, they can take the matter up with the It is absolutely essential, of course, that all income Inspector and reopen computations for the current should have been fully and correctly included, but fiscal year and the previous five years. This will there are frequently expenses which may be claimed normally be done at an interview or by corre- legitimately as a deduction from the gross income, spondence, and the only point as regards future thus reducing the ultimate liability to tax. years is that they should be careful to see that the One class of claim which can often be made is figure entered in the annual return as business in respect of car expenses incurred wholly and profits is net after deduction of car expenses. exclusively in connection with a trade, profession, Employees, on the other hand, should show their or employment. This relief applies particularly to income gross in their return and claim car expenses commercial travellers, doctors, insurance agents and in the separate space provided. They have the others who have to cover a considerable amount of same right to reopen back years as those in business ground in the course of their duties. on their own account. The Question of Allowance The Best Policy It must be emphasised that the receipt of an It is of the utmost importance that all claims allowance for travelling expenses from one's em- made be bona fide, because the Inspector will call ployers does not necessarily mean that no allowance for details in support. [And also because it is the can be claimed. Provided that the expenses incurred right thing to do.—ED.] on the lines outlined later exceed the amount granted There is only one way of obtaining an allowance or recovered, the excess can be claimed in the satisfactory to all parties and that is for the claimant ordinary way. to keep a reasonably detailed record of the vaiious Those who may be entitled to relief fall into two expenses incurred and support these by receipts classes for the purposes of Income Tax, employers where possible. If this has not been done it is and employed. The former class will normally have sometimes possible to obtain relief by submitting included any car expenses incurred in connection an estimate of running expenses on the lines dis- with their business as an expense in the accounts cussed later. •40*OEJ? , crs' JULY, 1937 445 The MORRIS Owner
If a Car is Used for Business Purposes basis, but unless a new car is purchased every year --contd. this method is not usually adopted. 'Where wear and tear has been claimed, a further Assuming a log has been kept, this will record allowance may be claimed when the car is replaced if purchases of petrol and oil, repairs and servicing, the amount received on sale is less than the written- tyres, insurance, road tax, parking fees, ferries and down value of the car for income tax purposes. tolls and any other car expenses. The period covered There are several reasons whereby the claim may by the claim will be the same as that of the income be restricted, but the following example will illustrate in respect of which it was incurred, and which forms the normal method of procedure :— the basis of the income tax assessment. • Assume the car in the above example was sold in Normally, an employee would have prepared a October, 1937, for go. claim for the year ended 5th April, 1937, for inclusion in his current year's return, while the person in Written-down value as above .. j102 business on his own account would claim for expenses Deduct additional to% allowance .. to incurred during his business year ended between 92 5th April, 1936, and 1937. Proceeds .. 60 If garage rent is paid this will be included with the other expenses. On the other hand it is usual, Obsolescence allowance .. • • £32 nowadays, to find that the garage is part of the private residence, and in this case the allowance Having now arrived at the total of the claim, has to be estimated ; the rent or annual value of there is usually one further adjustment to be made. the residence as a whole will have a large bearing Unless the car is used solely for business purposes on the allowance made in this respect and the relief a proportion of the claim will be disallowed in respect granted will not exceed, normally, the cost of garaging of use for private purposes. This will obviously the car elsewhere. Always show estimates as such, depend on individual circumstances, but if the car however. does half its mileage only on business purposes then Depreciation only half the claim will be admitted as an expense. The principal item of expense remaining is that Estimated Expenses of depreciation, or wear and tear as it is called for It now remains to deal with a case where detailed otoi Income Tax purposes. This expense must not be •ctorp included with the other expenditure on the return records have not been kept. Here it is necessary cn. to prepare the claim from any records available crs' of income form but should be included in the space provided, both in the case of employees and others. and in the case of missing data to complete the The method of calculating the wear and tear allow- claim by estimates. For example, large repair bills ance appears very complicated at first sight, so an have probably been kept or may have been paid example will be given. The rate of depreciation by cheque ; road tax is known and the insurance allowed is almost invariably zo% per annum on premium ; the total annual mileage will be known the reducing value of the car, and from 1931/32 near enough, as will the petrol and oil consumption. onwards an additional ro% is added to the allowance The method of working out the running expenses so calculated ; the method of treating this ro% will be apparent from the illustration. in the example should be noted, because it is not 12 H.P. CAR— EUNNINO EXPENSES FOR YEAR ENDING deducted from the value of the car from year to 5TH APRIL, 1937 year. L s. d. Allowance. 20% IO% Petrol—mileage, say 12,000, 30 m.p.g. ---400 Car purchased, say, October, gallons at is. 6d. .... .. .. 30 o o Oil, say 12 gallons at 6s. -. .. .. 3 12 0 , „1934, for .. 4200 Allowance 1935/36 1,44 40 Repair accounts .. .. . . .. to 2 7 Tyres .. .. .. . . . . .. 12 10 0 16o 4 Insurance .. .. .. .. ii 6 6 Tax .. .. .. .. .. .. 9 o o 60 /37 • • • • 32 3 1936 L35 Greasing, washing and sundry small repairs, 7 say 5s. per week .... .. .. 13 o o 1 937/38 • • - 26 3 Parking fees, ferries and tolls, say 5s. per week 13 o o Charge for private garage.. .. .. 15 o o 102 10 — 4,z t7 II I Both in the case of businesses and employees the wear and tear allowance is calculated in the same Estimated mileage for business purposes : 9000. way. It should be noted that allowance for, say, Claim three-fourths expenses . £88 o o 1937/38 is granted against tax assessed for that year although the income forming the basis of the The claim for wear and tear would be worked out assessment may be that of the previous year. The as in the example above. reason for keeping this allowance separate from the Last, but not least, do not forget that it is very rest of the claim will now be apparent. unlikely that yours is the only business of its kind As an alternative to claiming a wear and tear with which the Inspector has to deal, and that your allowance the tax-payer may claim on a renewals car is not the only one of its kind on the road.
r4sgsVpOfti? crs' The MORRIS Owner 446 JULY, 1987 USE Y01 HYDRA
HERE is a ten Tthe jacks on cur , mere adjunct to whe effect they simplify cl washing and c
NE must regard it as bestowal of the blessinl 0 jacks could not have b days when tyres lasted 2000 which period one expected i punctures a wheel ; what a godsend indeed they would have been ! Because they are so seldom called into service many new owners lack the ORA IORJ? 4'scr knowledge concerning their 401'p operation : although the czs' whole process is so simple cis'‘ that a solution may be ob- tained empirically, it may be prudent to begin by ex- plaining how the jacks should be worked. The Pump Unit If the carpet under the passenger's feet is lifted there will be found a small metal hinged cover, roughly triangular in formation, which can be raised, disclosing the pump and oper- ground until the wheels spin freely. ation mechanism. According to whether we want To . release the jacks the handle is taken away, the front, the rear, or all the jacks in operation at and the release valve opened very slowly, when the once, we move the pointer to "F," "R," or "All," car will sink to the ground again. We must then and screw down the release valve. We take the continue to open the release valve at least two or jack handle from the dash and push it over the stub three turns: lever at the side of the pump ; we now merely have to move it gently backwards and forwards to Important dispatch the jacks on their downward course. When the tyres are in contact with the ground Before we begin to move the lever we must be the indicator pointer must be turned to the "All" perfectly sure that the release valve is screwed down position—this is very important—and we must see to its full extent. This does not mean that we should that we do not close the release valve in the process. exert all our force upon it ; we should just try it From time to time the fluid level of the supply with our finger to make sure that it is not capable tank on the dash should be inspected, and if necessary of any further movement clockwise. As soon as —and only if necessary—it should be topped up. the jacks touch the ground it will be noted that The correct level when all the four jacks are retracted there is a little more resistance to our efforts ; a is shown by a dotted line three-quarters of an inch few more strokes will raise the car clear of the from the top of the tank. On no account should
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JULY, 1987 447 The MORRIS OW'ner
Use Your Hydraulic Jacks—contd. owners jack up the front wheels when they oil the steering pins—as they have so often been told to the fluid ever be above this line, otherwise there do in our columns—it is not always realised that the is insufficient room for expansion with increases in whole process of chassis lubrication is simplified temperature, and in hot weather the fluid may if all four jacks are brought into use beforehand : exude through the air hole in the top of the con- the steering connections and inner spring nipples tainer. are much more accessible with the car clear of When Topping-up the ground. - One cannot emphasise too strongly that only The same applies to washing the car ; with the Jackall fluid should be used for topping up. This car on the jacks it is a simple task to hose the wheels fluid has been the subject of considerable investiga- clean--one might almost be prepared to say that tion by the makers' chemists, and is devoid of any it is a matter of impossibility to clean a stationary constituent injurious to the rubber gland, and at wheel properly, inside and out. the same time adequately lubricates the moving At the risk of being accused of offering a glimpse surfaces. Quite apart from the circumstance that of the obvious, experience 'justifies pointing out that the use of a substitute might put the system out of it is imprudent to leave a car in a public garage with business through causing the rubber components to only the front jacks raised, even for a brief period perish, it will also invalidate the makers' guarantee. of time. If any unobservant and careless mechanic We cannot, unfortunately, choose the position tries to move the car it is quite possible that the where we have our punctures, but as far as it is jacks may be damaged ; indeed, if he starts the within our power we ought to select a hard road engine and endeavours to back, they may be torn free from sand. off. Cases have been known where punctures have It would not be unusual for a car owner in a occurred, for instance, on a road running close to public garage to raise the front wheels to attend to the seashore, and the jack has actually been lowered the steering nipples, and be called to the 'phone. into a layer of sand and stone chippings. This Personally, I would keep a caller from Australia adheres to the top of the jacks and when they are waiting until I had lowered my jacks. retracted is pressed up against the rubber gland, to Repairs Incidentally, if any such misfortune should come ,toOR Arp to pass, the entire unit is very easily detached by 44" 'A <<, crs' undoing two nuts and, of course, detaching the pipe leads from the top of it. Provided the point of the indicator is immediately turned to the opposite pair, there will be relatively small loss of fluid. Needless to say, this amount must be replaced by topping up the container when the damaged jacks have been received back from Messrs. S. Smith & Sons (Motor Accessories) Ltd., Cricklewood Works, N.W.2, to whom they should be sent for repair. To those whose garages or whose homes are situated on a slope it might be prudent to mention tha t one should always make sure that the hand brake is on before letting down the jacks. Instances have been known where, when the car is jacked up on its four jacks for wheel washing, and the brake has been taken off to permit the wheel to spin, the car has begun to run downhill when the release valve has been opened. It is conceivable that circumstances might arise to prevent the hasty application of the band brake, with unpleasant consequences.
its detriment. If we are so unlucky as to have a puncture in a sandy or gritty location, having regard to the amount of trouble we have been saved by WITH THE USUAL APOLOGIES our hydraulic jacks, it might not be too much to ask to attach a duster to the end of the jack handle A motorist whose home was in Wigan and flick the jacks free of any grit on their upward Bought a second-hand crock—quite a big 'un. passage. When his friends heard that motor Incidentally, far too little use is made of the They told him to gotor jacks. Although we believe that most conscientious A place yet more famous than Wigan.
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The Mortals Owner 448 J ULY, 1937
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rq. . MY FAVOURITE ?-.•,;71,',+. •1;- •,•• itlE511 1 tif:fin PICNIC VENUE " . -.... , . , ,,,,,,, The charm of Friday Street -.',- ...- - ...- ..,,-..,,..1r4,...... ,
By A. V. BREVIS - . ...„\,,,,....,..i....• r•-.. c•-] steep banks are clothed with ferns and over- shadowed by fine trees. At the A.A. sign "Friday Street” we turn left.. If Y reply to the Editor's we desire to stay here, m question is Friday , we must park near the Street, and I ask you, • - comer, as no parking where else can you find e is allowed in the village, within thirty miles of Char- but as we are driving ing Cross such unspoilt 4 through we continue beauty, such delicious down a steep hill until woods, and breezy uplands ? a sudden bend reveals Friday Street is a precious the hamlet clustered survival of that unspoilt - round the pond in the countryside which we old- lap of the hills. We sters knew and loved before pass the pond and climb crs. the coming of the car. It steeply through fine has scarcely changed in Two views of the attractive hamlet on the upper spurs of trees. When I drove thirty years. It has no Leith RM. through yesterday there glaring petrol pumps or were acres of lovely ugly bungalows, and there seems to have been no bluebells—a fine tribute to the self-restraint of addition to its tiny cluster of red-roofed cottages motorists, who leave them for others to enjoy. which stand so snugly beside its blue lake. The pine-clad hills rise steeply on each side of this favoured From the Tower valley, and as I stood by the pond last evening I saw Presently we reach the same road that we had a moorhen sitting on her eggs not a dozen yards from turned off. If we swing right it will take us back the road, while in the meadows beyond acres of blue- to where we started, or if we turn left, in half a bells were vying with the blue of the heavens. The mile we shall reach the parking place for cars whose hamlet lies in a deep valley and the forest-clad hills owners wish to climb to the top of Leith Hill. The rise steeply on every side, so that the tiny lake looks Hill is 960 feet high, and the platform at the summit like a Scottish mountain tarn, and field paths invite of the tower on the top of the Hill is a thousand feet us to ramble far and wide. above the sea. On an exceptionally clear day it is A Delightful Run possible to count the spires of some of London's churches, and to glimpse a sail through Shoreham I have stated that Friday Street is within thirty gap, while the Kentish downs and Buckingham hills miles of London, but this is as the crow flies, and our are both visible. route is somewhat longer. A very delightful round is We return to the main Guildford–Dorking road, and as follows. an attractive alternative route home is through Leave Town by the Kingston by-pass, and when on Dorking and Leatherhead. the Guildford by-pass tum left at Boxgrove Road and continue to the end. Then left again, and right at Merrow Church. This brings us over the downs to EXCUSE US! the well-known—but splendid—view at Newlands I drove through the jungle at Tooting Bec Corner. We then descend into the valley, passing Past a traffic-light hung from an elephant's nec ; through Shere and Abinger Hammer, and take the I cleaned my plugs third turn on the right after passing the famous clock. On sealskin rugs ; We descend steeply through an inviting lane, whose My wife snored loudly—and then I awec.
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JULY, 1987 449 The MORRIS Owner
SEE THESE THINGS FOR YOURSELF
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(111 ••• Pw . • t ORMIMIRIC, lancaskire, PARISH CHURCH I4AS A SPIRE. AND A TOWER - • Fr WAS SAID THAT (-tuRot WAS BuiLT By TAE 2 DAu4HTER3 OF -114E. NOTORIOuS PIRATE ORM. ONE WANTED A SPIRE.-THE OThER ORA ATOWER - SO ZAK?, HAD NCR WAY ORA. •Ltorp IN ACTUAL FACT- WHEN A• BEL.L.1 Or aURSGOUGH wake._ •es BpouOir 10 ORM51CIRK,THE toWER •<"' 4L, ci•s• . . WOULDN'T HOLD THem AU.. - <4'2, 414 So 774er PUT UY WHAT THEY ,. • Yr. •.... COuLD 'WO &JILT ASP/Reit) r --- WAYFARER 5 11.4tAW''';11'4 How Wic REPIAINDe.R -Two. 5Tonss DOI. •I ON THE. WALL. OF -DIE. n rARISH CHURCH — .. -- _,..--_, ouvrAy, RECORD ii4E §:, 4., • -..%---- ,,s'• • • s i, - A 800-WAR-OLD -..-!-..-r--. 5 --7 .. CHARITY WHICH COVES • • 1 N a A Pt ECE OF BREAD AND 11' ' A HORN OF BEER TO All. ,. L /' I.-Tr.-1AR IAN5 Vigo ASK FOR IT - /F 771 ry ,.- ceNIE...:;------or ARE NEeDY "TRAvEzi.eRs • ) p iLFRACOMBE :1 .L. Noarm DryoN . /
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roLy cis, The MORRIS Owner 450 JULY, 1987 MUSIN EEL
Idle Thoughts upon Motoring Matters of the Moment - - By " Mileator"
On Crossing the Channel Of course, if you are only using Belgium as a IRCUMSTANCES recently took me to Ostend, stepping-stone to Germany, there is a definite saving and I was able to put to the test a theory I of time on the shorter crossing, in that you would C have possessed for some time, namely that it probably shoot into Belgium via Arras and Luxem- is just as quick to cross via Dover to Calais and run bourg, or, if you were going farther north, through along the coast road and over the Belgian frontier Cassel and Ypres. However, my experiment serves as it is to go direct. Accordingly I took the to illustrate that if you saw a man who owes you Townsend Ferry Forde, and checked up the time ten bob leaving on the Belgian boat, with luck from leaving Dover as one and a half hours, in a sea you should get to Ostend on the Dover-Calais route which might be described as average, being not so before his car is cleared. smooth as to leave the bad sailors on their feet, but not so rough as to prevent the ship's cat from walking A Matter of Circumstances about the deck. TNCIDENTALLY, a lot of people are under the I timed myself on landing and ran along the I impression that the time lost at Continental Calais-Dunkerque road, which is quite good, except frontiers compares with the time lost at shipping for a little pave at the outset. It soon improves, ports. They imagine that if you are running into however, and in an hour's time, without any Belgium, for instance, as I was, it takes just as long suggestion of hurry, we were at the Belgian Customs, -formalities which occupied only about ten minutes. In thirty-five minutes more we were on the quay at Ostend. Two hours, therefore, from Calais to Ostend by road would be • ample allowance. I believe I am right in saying that from Dover to Ostend by sea takes three and a half hours in ordinary weather, and a bit longer in the event of storm,
.... ___ _ ...... - as it does coming out of England and going into ,..4tL- _._ - France, where the delay may be anything between twenty minutes and half an hour, and, of course, 1_---- the same thing applies at Ostend—rather more IK4f.42 i__..,_ : SO. ' 1 The delay at the ports is merely because everybody ...... ,,,Ar. arrives at once, whereas at the bar on the frontiers it is a matter of minutes only, for the simple reason tempest, shipwreck, riot, civil commotion, and acts that cars arrive for the most part one at a time. of princes so on the time basis there would appear On leaving France, for instance, I was through in to be nothing in it at all, and the route chosen must three minutes. The entry into Belgium occupied depend upon your personal preference for a sea but another seven. Normally I imagine I should breeze or a pleasant run along the coast. In bad have been through more quickly than this, only it weather one must assume the universal preference so happened that there was a difference of opinion would be for the shorter sea trip; and when I say between a Belgian national and his countrymen at "bad weather" of course I mean rough weather— the Customs concerning a bottle. - a bright, sunny day with the wind blowing a gale In effect, the frontier barriers offer little delay, would be regarded as bad weather for most of us and I have been through the one dividing France on a sea trip. from Switzerland in less than a minute when I have ORA
JULY, 1987 451 The MORRIS Owner
Musings Awheel--contd. In fairness, however, to the French system, it must be pointed out that there is probably a better had an intelligent passenger who could fill up the distribution of petrol in France than there is in this carnet for me under weigh. country—especially between ten and eleven o'clock, [You mean under way, Mileator.—ED. No I when most cafes are still open, but most garages— don't. I mean under weigh—as in moving off after on both sides of the Channel—are closed. weighing the anchor. Well, the dictionaries say way.—ED. Righto, have it your own weigh.] Above Sea Level TN a wayside hostelry close to the foot of Petrol from Cafes Jj Beachy Head, I was recently drawn into an argument as to where the highest cliffs in SINCERELY hope that our petrol people will England are to be found, and learned how little I profit by the example in France, where every know about it. There was present one who appar- I little café-keeper is allowed a petrol pump. ently has a passion for cliffs, and he told us some For while it is a fine thing to have petrol available interesting things. He said that there seems to be at a large number of points en route, and a wide a common idea that the highest cliffs in England choice of folk you can knock up in the small hours are to be found in Cornwall. This is not by any means the case, although on the north coast, not a great distance from Tintagel, the rock wall rises to a height of nearly four hundred feet. Of about the same height are the famous Shakespeare Cliff, near Dover, and Flamborough Head, in Yorkshire. Actually the highest cliffs in England are in the Isle of Wight. Throughout the island there runs a range of downs which is anything up to seven hundred to demand it on the principle that if one man is feet above sea level. At the eastern extremity of not willing another one will be—if I may say so the island these downs, not very far below their without being charged with expressing an opinion highest point, break off all of a sudden and end in on a subject which does not directly concern me— a sheer drop to the sea. the French system is bad. Even this dizzy height is not a record for Great A garage man does, or should, regard the supply Britain. Absolutely the highest cliffs in the British of petrol as one of his most important activities ; Isles, and perhaps even in Europe, are to be found if he has an accredited service station, as opposed on the island of Foula, a small speck of land to the to showrooms, it undoubtedly is. He is therefore westward of the Shetland group. Here, facing the out to give service, and to give it well, and with a little encouragement he will keep his premises open the night through. Now, generally speaking, in France there are fewer wayside garages than there are in England, which means that if you want a spot of grease, or a little attention, such as a wheel changed, or for some other reason you wish to avoid soiling your hands, you will not get the service so readily. north-west, is a cliff known as the Kame, which I am not going to say that no café proprietor has an appalling drop of no less than one thousand would change a wheel for you. He most probably three hundred and seventy-two feet. would, but he would not be so slick as a garage man, certainly not so slick as his confrere in the garage A Lonely British Isle business. OULA, although so isolated, is visited once a fortnight by a boat which brings supplies and The Wayside Filling Station F mails to the couple of hundred people who T BELIEVE, to a great extent, the cafe-proprietor manage to exist on this outpost. petrol-vendor has prevented the establishment of Fishing and sheep-shearing are about the only those useful, wayside, nondescript filling stations industries apart from a little cultivation of the soil. we encounter in large numbers in this country. They Foula is famous among naturalists as one of the very may be quite modest in their dimensions, but they few places (it is sometimes stated to be the only are numerous, and if, in some instances, we should one) in which the most splendid of British birds, the not wish to entrust them with renewing our bearings, large skua or "bonxie," breeds. This bird, which it is only fair to „realise that this is a service seldom is often more than two feet in length, belongs to the required by the roadside in these enlightened days. class known as robber-gulls, in that it lives by They perform a humble, but very useful, service to stealing fishes from other seafowl, which if they the motorist and, as a matter of convenience, the happen to be much smaller it does not hesitate to more we have of them the better. kill. It is, indeed, a sort of ornithological financier. The MORRIS Owner 452 JULY, 1937 _ FASHION AT THE WHEEL By Margaret Bradley
Making the most your Holiday Kit
0LIDAY clothes, even for the quiet, hide - away - in - a - corner type of 14 vacation, can be witty and differ- ent this season. In fact, it is a moral k necessity that they should be so. Every- one knows nowadays how much self- expression and atmosphere have to do with the spiritual outlook, and dress is woman's most immediate form of self- expression. For Restful Days So even for a lazy holiday, far from the madding crowd—even if you are away for a hermit's rest and meeting no one but the postman, the baker and the • v village blacksmith—complete your sun- ---•=> shine and fresh air cure with that unfailing e moral tonic, something exhilarating to wear. It need not be an expensive or complicated type of dress, but it must be comfortable, The printed beach suit, and an attractive draped effect over a and must fit in with the local atmosphere. plain costume made with squares of patterned crepe de chine. One of the reasons which explains the lasting The new beach bat and scarf are shows in the bottom corner. success of pyjamas, shorts and divided skirts is that they give us this sense of freedom and change after chintz. Two motifs have been cut out and stitched prosaic and restricting town clothes. Every holiday on to the plain jersey bolero. There are any amount kit should include a pair. Shorts for the beach or of suitable prints from which this type of holiday three-quarter length pyjamas are most practical ; suit can be made. • for the country a well-cut pair of flannel slacks or For the country it would be fun to wear rustic a divided skirt of tweed. motifs, village scenes or the children's nursery type A novel and inexpensive idea, if you cannot afford of chintz printed with animals or farmyard scenes. a really well-cut cloth pair, is to make some yourself Only choose a large pattern if you are tall and can with a good pattern in chintz. They should be very carry it well, otherwise small designs or rustic bouquets full and reach just below the knee. The sketch shows would be charming. a pair suitable for the sea. An amusing "little ship" The present bolero fashion is very useful for holiday pattern has been chosen in good quality furnishing wear too. They are so easily made with very little ORA
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JULY, 1987 453 The MORRIS Owne
Fashion at the Wheel—contd. for you will love to wear it and will be able to do so at all hours—for a quick dinner change with a crisp material, and so much smarter than the everyday pique bow in your hair ; as a house frock ; or even knitted cardigan. For these choose felt cloth or over colourful pyjamas worn open, as a beach coat, jersey material. They complete a backless beach if you happen to be going south to romantic places. suit* or add a feminine touch to flannel slacks. You The peasant frocks I mentioned just now are cut can achieve a quaint oriental style of beach suit on very much the same lines as these two evening by wearing one of these boleros with the newest gowns but with high necks and short skirts (the type of beach trousers. These are cut on similar glace print gown sketched here is high in front and lines to golfing bags, best in uncrushable linen or cut low at the back). Keep a square of the same jersey cloth, made very full in the leg and blousing prmt as your cottage frock and wear it tied under over an elastic band which keeps them fixed just the chin in the latest style when you go for a drive below the knee. or wish to keep your hair tidy. Colours and Trimming This reminds me of past attempts at keeping one's hair tidy during vacation time—a difficult problem You can embroider these boleros in gay colours at the best. Here again it is best to break routine or trim them with cut-out applique work. Make them quaint and original—you will get a lot of fun out of them. If you want to make one quickly, choose felt cloth, and machine the edges round with one or two rows of stitching. Then in one corner pencil your name or a motto in a neat decorative scroll and work it over in white chain stitch— the effect will be charming. Vivid stripes are also smart for boleros ; blazer flannel would be useful worn this way, with a deep swathed belt to match. For country cottage wear I can think of nothing more fresh or more amusing than this peasant type of frock in gingham or flowered print. Simple bodice, perhaps laced up the front (to be very OR& ttOti, couleur locale), with puff sleeves and very, very full 'A 4' te` skirts—for you can afford fullness at the price of print. 1, I have sketched a couple of evening frocks which are another interpretation of the same idea. One is in a gorgeous Persian pattern on glace print, which, by the way, rustles delightfully when you walk. Flowers, fruit and birds ramble all over the graceful folds, and here indeed you have glamour and a romantic air for the least possible cost.
Here are; the glace chintz evening frock and the pique "redingote" described In the text.
if pPr.a 1 and go in for a drastic change. Your hair should enjoy the holiday too and get lots of sunshine and air. You probably want to swim and dive without
I. 7 ....; .... J\ a thought all day and yet look smart in the evening. Some of your extra leisure would be wisely devoted -- dr to a little scalp massage, olive oil rubs, brushing and Pr. • orieL., •• :' • •_• •• ■ 7 ' • °\r‘s. general care of the hair, and yet all these theories are so difficult to combine in practice. Happily
A this year's styles are helpful. Worn Straight Illustrating the motif which can be traced on to oiled silk and appliquéd on the bathing costume, jumper, blouse, etc. Unless you have naturally curly hair it would be wise to resign yourself to straight locks this Summer. The second frock is a "redingote" type, buttoning Nothing looks quite so drab as a "glorious perm" all the way down the front. It will wear and wear, which has met with a few wild waves during bathing go in to the wash tub and come out as brave as ever, and has then been allowed to crinkle in its own sweet for ti is in pique, crisp and strong. way. By the evening you will have lost all hope It si worth while having it well made, even tailored, of doing something with it. _ The MORRIS Owner 454 JULY, 1987
Fashion at the Wheel—contd. cape the greater must be the width of your material. Lay two lengths of material (width equal to length) With comparatively straight hair, however, there on a suitable table, one on top of the other. Then is always something you can do yourself. Friction with a piece of tailor's chalk sketch an approximate and brush it until it is sleek and full of life and lustre. semi-circle (it does not need to be mathematically Then use a very light fixing lotion and set it close exact). Then cut out and join up to the centre of to the head. circle. Simply turn the edges in once, press with The most practical way of achieving a smart coiffure damp cloth and do two or three rows of stitching suitable for all occasions is to have a plait of one's all round and up the fronts. Cut the circle for the own or perfectly matched hair formed into a complete neck as hollow as you need it to fit close, then turn circle, which you slip on coronet fashion, and keep in place with a pin here and there. This coiffure is difficult when you have to wear hats, but ideal for Summer, both during.the day and in the evening. Another good scheme is to wear a Schiaparell's net on the back of the head in wool or chenille for daytime and silver or gold thread or diamante for night. The new floral butterfly or big head-dresses will always solve the hair problem when you want to go "dressy" and your hair is forbiddingly straight. Take a set of invisible hair nets, very carefully matched so as to be really invisible, away with you. On one you could stitch neat velvet bows, one on front and one at the back, sewing the bows on the elastic which holds the edges of the hair net. MMLI The bows should match the frock you s" intend to wear, and a wisp of same coloured 1" tulle added to the velvet bow softens the ORA effect. After having brushed your hair ,lore in a smart off-the-face movement, you 44" crs• slip the net on and, behold, you have a most modern coiffure—a perky bow 4"9 "*" 1^ on the top of the head and a larger one at the nape of the neck to give softness and femininity to an otherwise severe coiffure. You From left to right : the ornamented plain wool bathing suit, a striped bolero worn with pyjamas, another with shorts. an can easily sew flowers or butterflies or even small Idea for a sun care for the hair and a circular cape for evening wings on various nets to ring the changes. or beach wear. in edges and stitch. Also add two ties of the same A. Two-purpose Cape material and your cape is ready to wear. I have sketched a diagram for a very useful cape Here are some useful colour combinations from which anybody can make in an hour. It is one of which you can choose to get the desired effective the best double-purpose garments to be found contrast :—With a white dress, a cape of any vivid this season. Chosen in a suitable colour—scarlet, shade ; with a black dress, scarlet, emerald, canary lime, veronese green, powder blue, saffron yellow, yellow or jade ; with a pink dress, deeper shades of as a vivid contrast to an evening dress—it looks pink, amethyst or pastel blue ; with a blue dress, really smart ; but it can be worn as a beach wrap midnight blue, a suitable contrasting green, or a as well, for it is made in strong face cloth or felt deep purple ; with a yellow dress, orange, grass green, cloth. It is simply a complete circle cut in half or same shade yellow ; and with a red dress, a darker and joined down the back. The longer you want the red, navy or amethyst.
DURING the hearing of a motoring UNDERNEATH INSPECTION OF CARS case at Highgate police court a motor- Innovation in Morris Factory and the inspector, who is also equipped ist asked a constable : "Did you HE latest method of testing new with a hand torch, thoroughly exam- notice that my petrol tank was Tcars before delivery is by getting ines every visible nut, every oil and leaking ? " underneath them. As each car water joint, the operation of the hand Constable; "No, I didn't." is passed off road test into the final brake and all parts where there is Motorist; "Well, it wasn't." view department of Morris Motors even the remotest possibility of error. — Ltd. it is driven over one of a number This inspection stage is the final A BONVIRE nearly sixty feet high of new inspection pits. The under- one of a long series which take place on which were piled over woo old neath parts of the chassis and body at every major point of assembly in car tyres was, recently lighted at are illuminated by powerful lamps, the Morris Works. Driffield, Yorkshire.
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1937 455 The MORRIS Owner
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,...„,...,.,:,...... -- - :P - 2.....--.._ ,..,- i -.--.-....,....::.. , '-' ;'-l-r1.-.- -;:--::-- ,,7•.,:-.7-.....:- -.' ---...... ,....,..,...... _ ,.., ...... , -...._...„....„... . ,, . ifE.P.it:':•,1, 7'4...-: . ; : . '''' \ . r t '`,.•.. - \ ... -...... -.,:i., ,,0 : !" . 'Ai:..,.. a ..". '''',..... ------i"-' ' c - - • ". ' N., --- ,.,,.„....,.....„,,. i . ...., :-*:,-.. ------.."--_,---7-- -..„..„ .. , ORA _ . 1 il 1 .4,\. \ .... 2 ..., 71"‘HIS is going to be an enjoyable year for the motorist who is keen on bathing and swimming, for a record number of new baths are being Most freshly—ctructed baths have one main opened this Summer, to commemorate the Coronation advantage that many older bathing places cannot and to give effect to the" Keep Fit " proposals urged claim—clean and safe water. by the Government some months ago. The cleanliness of bath water is something about The opening of a new swimming pool is always an which intelligent people are rightly conc,emed. In- exhilarating occasion, when the speeches are over fection can so easily spread where water is contamin- and the happy throng begins to splash into the water. ated and there is no filtration. Many old places do Your car may give you the opportunity of attending not even use chlorine to make the water sterile. many such gala days, for no matter where you live Insufficient cleanliness is one reason why you should there are almost sure to be some within easy distance. hesitate to take a dip in any odd stretch of river Even if you cannot attend actual openings you can which happens to look picturesque as you are driving go round exploring the new pools when they have by. There are many sources of contamination for settled into use, and are less crowded. streams which pass large towns, and you will be (OR•4 ORA 4iryn crs' JULY, 1937 457 The MORRIS Owner safer in recognised bathing places. Similarly, it is you may be tempted. Some offenders escape a risky to plunge into the sea at any unauthorised hundred times, and come to laugh at the idea of spot that happens to take your fancy. Not because any peril—some pay the full price for their first of infection, perhaps, but because there may be un- carelessness. suspected currents, tides, rocks, weeds, cold springs, The ideal time to take a dip is when you are warm, ----.., or quicksands. but not too hot. Or it would be better to say when The properly appointed pool or you are pleasantly warm from exertion. It is not .---..\ •- N... I bathing beach, in most instances, good to go into cold water when you are cooling down is to be preferred. from a state of great perspiration—it will be better itk\". i t if • ba ingine g mmostroolo ffrsequeanttly brokeng to plunge when you are still quite hot. And when th you are in, duck your head promptly, so that your .,‘ "digestionnever bathe,time." You should whole body temperature can be made even. 1 1,111 -- 11I1 • Before Breakfast J 4 \ 1t iti NI" , hours .fo.11owing a meal. More ?;.... 4._,.... ,:, ) , ,,,,tali tiesoharseetvcaauo Of course, your favourite time for taking a clip may l byf ntohnis- not be when the sun is high, but in the freshness of A the early morning. A dip before breakfast is cer- If4, P3 Fat! \,... • •-. than by anything tainly most invigorating. Don't motor to the water's .„.• -,',-,- . ;,?-li ,..4- V.-,`,. ...Ent., else. Cramp in the .,..,b 7,.....,,-.,, ,,,,, • stomach is a deadly edge, however, and drive back again ; it will be better thing, so do not put yourself to go on foot. If you must use the car, then get in in danger of it, however much a bit of vigorous exercise at the dressing place before and after the swim. An old inner tube, moderately inflated, can be a . 4k/2 il.4 very useful thing when you are bathing. ' If you want simply to have fun, there can be endless frolics of towing and overturning. Hardly anything in the water is more comfiirtable than to sit across an inflated tube, like a luxurious armchair. You I can be pushed along, as in a bath-chair, or you may paddle yourself about with little effort. To get more excitement, two of you, on separate tubes, may wrestle, until one is upset. Or you may have paddling races. But the inflated inner tube is even more useful for serious work. The novice, lying across or through the soft circle of rubber, is amply supported for .....---:■..., .. ..-.131r . .4,11, - -.....---- f — '' '.. '---- ------ '------___ ------., . - ' ._ ...... "'. 1 4qc - _ , -, • ) ---,,-- ?--• --z.,--1 3 / — Suggestions for getting the most out of the watery revels your car enables you to enjoy ro,„? cis, ORA 4irjrn crs' The MORRIS Owner 458 JULY, 1987 When You Bathe--contd. • There is just one other thing, applying to both modes of crawl. It is the timing and rhythm of practising swimming movements. You can steady the stroke. The most common habit is to combine yourself by gripping with your hands while you try three thrashes of the legs with one arm stroke, thus a leg thrash action, or a frog-kick ; or you may lie making six beats to the complete arm action. When farther across and have your arms free for their own this happens you achieve a " six-beat " crawl, and work, while the legs trail motionless. it is necessary to accent or emphasise the first of A further advantage is that as you gain proficiency, each set of three—just as in music the first and fourth and your movements begin really to support, so you beats of six-eight time are accented. may let air from your tube, reducing buoyancy until In crawl-swimming, as in all other, do not concern at last you can keep afloat unaided. The modern yourself about speed until you have got accuracy. skimmer, which is the most popular and practicable The best way to swim fast, if speed interests you, is swimming aid, is simply an adaptation of the inner to swim well. tube. With a skimmer, which does not bulge awk- Diving wardly from the water, as does a tube, you can practise But you should have time for much more than only any type of swimming quite unhampered. a single style of swimming if you bathe as frequently Most swimmers nowadays are anxious to master as your car will allow. The sight of modern equip- the crawl stroke. Just as you like your car to look at ment in new baths may inspire you to take up diving any rate a recent model, so you will like your swimming —and in a new bath you will not be likely to commit to be up-to-date. That definitely means " crawl. the fault of trying to dive into water that is not There are two types of crawl—that swum on the deep enough. Remember that no dive is safe into breast, and that on the back. Breast-crawl and back- less than six feet of water—except a flat racing plunge crawl are the same in principle. The back-crawl is —and for high and fancy dives, of course, still more much the easier, providing you already swim and so depth is needed. have no qualms about lying face upwards along the If you would have some fun from diving, try making surface. If you do not swim at all you will make headers through an inflated motor-tube floating on most progress with the breast-crawl, which, although the water surface. Every swimmer should have at more difficult, is less alarming because you are more least a rudimentary knowledge of life-saving. It is readily able to stand up when you so desire during an obvious duty, whenever you bathe, to glance round early efforts. ORO and determine just how best you could help if some ttOrn cc• Leg Action drowning emergency should arise—where is the The leg action is roughly the same in both styles. nearest rope, line, ladder, attendant, boat, and so The legs thrash up and down, passing and repassing on. An inflated tube makes an excellent life-belt. each other, and with knees straight. No more than Lastly, if you are to get the fullest benefit from your part of the foot should break out of the water. The bathes, do not stay in the water too long. Come out feet should be pointed and turned inwards, so before you get chilly, and have a brisk towelling. that the flat insteps drive squarely against the Get dry before sun-bathing. water. With growing skill a free fling can be im- parted to the ankles, and suppleness to the knees. The arms work alternately, one driving backward through the water while its fellow recovers forward through the air. In both breast-crawl and back- crawl the arms recover up from the water by the thighs, and dip at full extension beyond the head. Throughout each recovery the ann is limp. This relaxation rests muscles, and plays an important part in making crawl such an effortless stroke. Breathing is just ordinary for back-crawl, for the face is above water all the time. But in breast- crawl it is not at all easy ; the lower part of the face is submerged much of the time. It is therefore necessary for breath to be exhaled, through the nose, while the mouth and nose are immersed. Immediate- ly following the breathing-out the head is turned up to the side—which side is a matter of choice—and a new supply of air is gulped in through the wide-open mouth, as it clears the surface. The mouth is able to take in air much more quickly than can the nose— that is the main reason why such breathing is adopted. Actually, the breathing is the most difficult and important part of the breast-crawl, so you will do Mr. Hamm, of Dentenyi es Fla, Morris Distributors in Budapest, well to give it plenty of practice. sends is this fine picture of a Morrie Fourteen in the bialt Alpo. r4stakoRi?....2 10*. Ct* Cis"(4 v _ .TIILY, 1937 459 The MOB RS Owner PARLIAMENTARY NOTES Items from Westminster of interest to road-users Wireless in Motorcars the Minister merely hedged when apprehension and anxiety and also HE Postmaster-General has been he was asked to agree that a house- In fulfilment of the principle that there taken to task over his ruling holder having paid his wireless licence should be different tracks for different Tthat a separate licence must be fee was entitled to use it for a wireless classes of vehicles travelling at different out for a wireless set installed set, whether it is a portable set or for speeds and by different methods of taken convenience it was fixed in his car. propulsion. Observation has shown in a motorcar. In explaining to Parliament the The apparent absurdity of the whole that these cycle tracks are appreciated grounds he had for making this position is that the Postmaster- by the overwhelming majority of prescription, the Postmaster-General's General has acknowledged that an cyclists. The Minister also hopes that the minority will, to the general and mentioned Clause r of the additional licence is not required if a Assistant motorist takes out in his car a portable individual advantage of all road wireless Telegraphy Act, 1904, which users, use the facilities provided. provides that a person shall not install set, but if the set is permanently or work any apparatus for wireless fixed in the car a new licence is telegraphy in any place without the necessary. A Higher Age Limit Postmaster-General's licence while s the result of an accident in sub-section 2 of that Clause empowers Cycle Tracks Not Compulsory which a man was killed by a the Postmaster-General to determine HERE seems to be a strange A motorcar driven by a youth of the conditions on which such licences inconsistency in the recent seventeen, the Minister of Transport are granted. It was further stated Tannbuncement by the Minister of has been asked to make a later age that the place at which the wireless Transport that he does not intend to for the gratit of driving licences licence apparatus may be installed or make it compulsory for pedal cyclists compulsory by law. Such a step is worked is specifically stated on the to use the cycle tracks that have been not possible, however, except by the licence when issued, and a licence for and are being built specially for the introduction of new legilation, for a specified residence does not cover use of this section of road users. the existing age limit was laid down the working of a wireless set fitted The Ministerial view is that these by Parliament in 19342 after full in a motorcar. tracks were constructed for the special discussion. At present it is not the This argument was considered a convenience of cyclists in order that. intention of the Minister to adopt this very weak one by many M.P.s and they might travel free from constant proposal. 731:!1 ,,„ 0,1 4, --.....r .f. amonsrhe ' ' to '-f. Scottish \ A' pine woods g I/7 , 1 , shall we ' r see the e . - Cre6 red Tit: ,;,--- • a sprightici . A little bird the > ... kr-A3 size of our rd.( , more usual 4 7 Blue -fir, bur with Q perk q black and white 7' The is much less crest The call note is ., Pied Fivarcher conspicuous than. its Sporred cousin, 'See,see,see' and the • ■ W12102 IS co/lunar-1k seen doshan g soncrror,ree,reesee A *•%* deserted Crow's nest is up fromm a post or branch afterter ofte,i its borne. insects. Tne Pied varterct usciatic ;1111 picks its food from leaves. One of , .. the last rnisronrs ro arrive, it is also earkt ro daparr, arid matt ,•,, bl10 it%%, s....,-,,,..,1/4?-1z.,_...,:- now be found, a qc.iier. black and t • 1... .3", , The liatofinch, abour the \-, " CO h. i ra bird, in. or near woodlands. I en.sth of a Quail, is verct easct to disrinquishbc t v i )1 .;,. 7--- ./. • , its remarkablct 1• - 1 k "" larsa beak. Shct \ 4, 1,• arretirlaca, it' The. Curlew, more aburzclonr is probablct much than forrnerlq, havens acquired a commoner than Arown.up romilq, is olreoci c4 inland gree.n san.arallct supposed, < tio'reporirvg to laove its Sio'f, for the Li and has allkiras - - _ pastures and the moors --1;) estuaries and shore, where _.-qT For gardens and ------..-____ forge f locks will congregate ' ------. ------orchards, often i -)" - -z.._-7 , —___--a_ before the autumn. ,A s'N 0 quire close to forge .-.... v R.11ARRIsoN ORA crs' The MORRIS Owner 460 JULY, 1937 ...... The Loch Rtive Ferry 1' :., Morris Service Weeks LIGHTING-UP TIMES i Weeks for the month of A LTERNATIVE schemes are being 1 July 1st 7th 14th 21st 28th ERVICE considered by the Argyllshire 10.19 10.16 10.11 10.4 9.54 p.m. I S July, during which technical County Council to provide a '1.... ***** .••••• ...... S experts from the factory at public ferry service across the sea Cowley will be present to give free at Loch Etive in addition to the exotic rally we have held. The advice to Morris owners at Distribu- Connel Ferry Bridge. announcement has drawn a very large tors' premises, have been arranged as These include the building of a number of enquiries from Morris follows :— road bridge across the Rilmaronaig owners all over the country, and we 5th—Forsselius Ltd., York. Narrows, about a mile east of Corinel can be certain of a good muster on W. W. Webber Ltd., Basingstoke. Bridge, at an estimated cost of the day of departure, which has been Turvey & Co. Ltd., Sunderland. £100,000. fixed for 14th August. r2th—Holtby White & Co., Brid- Another scheme is for the provision The party will pass through Calais, lington. ,torpORA of a ferry-boat service for transporting Amiens, St. Dizier (visiting the Cham- Parkinson, Poison & Co. Ltd., 44" cr motorcars and pedestrians across the pagne Cellars en route at Reiras), Eastbourne. loch near Hihnaronaig. Strasbourg, Freudenstadt, the Black Denis Linfoot, Billingham. The County Council has decided to Forest, Lindau, Otz-in-Tyrol, Ulm, loth—The Paragon Motor Co., Hull. inform the railway company of the Heidelberg, Coblenz, Cologne, Aachen, Page Bros., Bexhill. proposals under consideration and also Brussels, Ghent, Bruges, Ostend, and Gales Motor Co., West Hartlepool. to negotiate for a further reduction return to England on the 28th August, 26th—E. W. Jackson & Son Ltd., of the Connel Bridge tolls. taking in some of the finest scenery Doncaster. in Germany and the Austrian Tyrol. Maltbys, Folkestone. Readers who have missed previous C. McAdams Ltd., Middlesbrough. The Continental Rally announcements may obtain particu- HE MORRIS Owner Rally to the lars from the Editor of The MORRIS Continent, announced in our May Owner, Cowley, Oxford, or Auto- M.G.'s Australian Records T and June issues, is going to be cheques Ltd., Piccadilly House, 33 W Australian records for the more popular than any previous Regent Street, Piccadilly, W.I. NE751—noo c.c. class were estab- lished by Mr. John Snow at Canberra recently when, driving his 1087 c.c. H.3 Magnette, be registered the following times :- Flying quarter-mile, averaging 102.5 m.p.h. Holiday maker : "Just fancy, Flying half-mile, averaging 104.5 my dear, a whole fortnight m.p.h. before us without a care In the world." Flying mile, averaging 105.57 m.p.h. Standing quarter-mile, averaging 51.72 m.p.h. Standing half-mile, averaging 63.38 m.p.h. A Standing mile, averaging 76.76 m.p.h. . "--"!,!.. All the above, with the exception ---..1 - • --o\----\".- 1 . ‘ ll ■ of the standing quarter-mile, are new records which have been confirmed by the N.S.W. Light Car Club. 1( , .., The K.3 Magnette driven by Lord Waleraii in the S.A. Centenary 50 miles handicap at Port Elliot gained second place, established the fastest 9 time for the race (34 min. 17 sec.), , and put up fastest lap time at 83.5 ,\ m.p.h. 4sighORA2p ( ORA crs' JULY, 1937 461 The MORRIS Owner Here, There (9 Everywhere—contd. Skegness Rally, Lincolnshire A.C. Bexleyheath and D.M.C. Saltburn Races, Middlesbrough/and Sun. 25th—Grand Prix, Germany. D.M.C. Stott Trophy, Lanes. & Cheshire C.C. The Cambridge Arterial Road Madresfield Speed Trials, Midland Thurs. 29th—Speed Hill Climb (London UPLICATING the carriageways A.C. Centre), Riley M.C. and installing traffic signals at Welsh Trial, W.A.S.A. Sat. 3 ist—I3arnstaple Trial, Mid- D important junctions are among Sat. 24th-12-hour Sports Car 12.-ice, Surrey A.C. the measures being contemplated by Donington, Derby and D.M.C. the Ministry of Transport to improve Night Trial, Dublin U.M.C.C. Racing at Cork the Cambridge arterial road. Sat. 24th and Sun. 25th—Night Trial, M M.G. Magnettes finished first and fourth in the Inter- Tnational Road Race run over the Carrigrohane Circuit, the winner's speed averaging 76.33 m.p.h. for the 210 miles (33 laps of the course). Mr. H. B. Prestwich drove the winning car, and Mr. J. H. T. Smith piloted a similar machine into fourth place in the event, in which only five cars finished. M.G.s also won the two c.c. and 1500 e.e. classes. Oxford & Bucks. L.I. Reunion " 5th (Service) Battalion of the Oxford and Bucks. Light Infantry Twill hold their Ninth Reunion at Oxford on Saturday, loth July, 1937. There will be a memorial service con- ducted by the Dean at Christ Church Cathedral at 6.15 p.m. Dinner at Stew- art's Restaurant at 7.15 p.m. Members of the 6th Battalion are invited. Particulars from Captain G. T. Arlett, D.C.M., z Ellesmere Road, Oxford, or c/o Guides Department, Morris Motors Ltd., Cowley, Oxford. — OR& ttOin A to3w international and British class "B" record for the kilometre, from a standing start, has been set THREE CANINE ARISTOCRATS.—Pedigree cocker spaniels belonging to Mrs. up at Brooldands by Mr. F. Lyeett, N. C. Pattie, of Sydney, in their owner's 14/48 Wolseley saloon. Notice the "gloves" to prevent damage to paint. driving a Bentley car, at 81.4 m.p.h. What's On During July Sat. 3rd—Members' Day, Brooklands, J .C.C. Hill Climb, Bristol M.C. and L.C.C. Davis Trophy Trial, Lancs. A.G. Crippled Children's Outing, Middle- sex C.A.C. Sun. 4th—Grand Prix, France. Speed Event, Cemian M.G. Wed. 7th—Concours d'Elegance, East- bourne. Sat. roth—Brooklands Meeting, B. A.R.C. Speed Event, Donington, Bugatti Owners' and Vintage S.C. Clubs. Sporting Half-day Trial (Members), Sutton Goldfield and N.B.A.C. Sat. loth to Wed. 14th—Alpine Trial, France. Sat. toth—roo Miles Reliability Trial, Middlesex C.A.C. Sun. rith—Gra.nd Prix, Belgium. Afternoon Trial, Bugatti Owners' Club. Trial, Oxton M.C. Speed Hill Climb (London Centre), Riley M.C. Speed Trial, Yorks. Sports C.C. Fri. 16th and Sat. uth—Torquay Trial, M.C.C. Sat. i7th--Leinster Trophy Race, Ireland. The Morris Fourteen saloon driven by Mr. R. A. Bishop in the Scottish Rally. at London Grand Prix, Crystal Palace, the Balmoral check. This car was placed fourteenth out of fifty-eight in its class, Road Racing Club. competing with many others of considerably higher price. .16-WAizs 40ORA The MORRIS Owner 462 JULY, 1937 THE LAW SAYS- [le auates upon tegaz aspects of other driver, and a quarter to the pedestrian. Then motoring and roadfaring. the pedestrian will only recover three-quarters of his damages, having to foot the rest himself. HE possibility of a fundamental change in the Son versus Father law of accident cases is foreshadowed by the Tappointment recently of an Oxford jurist, a A feature of the present practice in these cases Cambridge professor of law, and an Admiralty K.C. is the increasing frequency with which relations sue to be additional members of the Law Revision one another. A boy of nine was hurt not long ago Committee. when he was being driven by his father and an They are to consider whether the law as to con- accident occurred. He sued his father for negligence tributory negligence should be amended so as to in the Brentford County Court. "An extraordinary bring it into conformity with the Admiralty law on position," commented Judge Drucquer, awarding the subject. the boy &oo. At present collisions on land and collisions at sea Of course the inwardness of these cases is that the are treated in entirely different ways. In a land defendant is insured and that the company and not collision, if both drivers are at fault, neither can the defendant will pay. In the same week Mr. recover damages against the other. But in a sea Justice Hilbery had a similar action. He awarded collision in like circumstances the damages are a boy of seventeen £575 against his father and apportioned according to the degree of negligence. added : "This is one of the odd results of the com- pulsory insurance of cars. Here is a son who brings Degrees of Negligence his action against his father in the confidence that The difference can best be grasped from an eventually the father won't be a penny the worse." example. Suppose a collision to take place between A and B for which both parties are equally to blame, Insurers Alarmed and suppose that A has suffered roo worth of I happen to know that insurers are taking alarm damage and B no damage. If it were a land collision at the increase in these cases. Obviously there is neither could sue the other, because each would an opportunity for fraud : a father, for instance, have the defence that the other's negligence con- who is not negligent may be tempted to say he was, tributed to the accident, and contributory negligence because the result will be that the company and is an absolute defence. But if it were a sea collision, not he will have to foot the son's doctor's bill. For then, since each was equally to blame, each would this reason such actions are illegal in some Canadian have to pay one-half of the damage. The result provinces, and there may .shortly be a move to would, be that A would get from B. follow suit here. But the question is a thorny one, and to move to the opposite extreme would do The Sea Rule injustice to honest parents. The sea rule is obviously more just than the land Mr. Justice Hilbery, by the way, when he spoke rule, and is in fact the rule applied to road collisions of this as a _result of compulsory insurance, must on the Continent. I think it quite likely that the have been thinking of the case of a parent knocking committee will report in its favour. If it does, and his child down in the street. This risk is compul- if Parliament agrees to the necessary legislation, the sorily insurable, but the commoner case, where the practice in running-down cases will be revolutionised. child is passenger, is not a third party risk within We shall have cases, for instance, where a pedestrian the meaning of the Act. Most people do, however, sues two drivers and the judge holds that the blame insure their passengers. But they are not bound to. ------The MORRIS Owner JULY, 1937 463 A ROAD-HOUSE DE LUXE A short description of "The NauticalVilliam," recently opened on the Kidderminster—Bridgnorth Road TT will generally be conceded that I while there are a very large number of road-houses available for the delectation of the motorist, many of them leave a great deal to be desired, especially those conducted at what might be termed, for want of a better expression, honest prices. An effort has recently been made by Mr. Derick Burcher, Morris Distri- .ctorp cr butor for North Worcestershire, to com- crs' The MORRIS Owner 464 JULY, 1987 1AC It el 1S NIA6rii 0./ABA _ ..... IVENE \\._ 1 nal InH t'1/44 =,..,. i t A-. (.-.;6.... y,NDER the tower at the west end :i - ._. - of a little old village church hang ,. ------. -7,--_- -. four bell-ropes. Often had I seen I. _ _ :4•-.-4- . - these ropes pulled and heard the tintinnabulation from above which the pulling of the ropes produced. But of what happened mechanically to make the bells ring I only had a vague notion—the sort of vague notion that a driver has who only knows that the engine starts when the self -starter is pressed and that the road wheels revolve when the gear is engaged. He who has only seen the bell-ropes is in the posi- tion of one who has never seen the bonnet lifted. A certain inquisitiveness, an urge to "look at the works," "to see the wheels go round," encouraged me to investigate the secrets of the belfry. Some towers can be ascended by a winding stone stairway. This particular tower was seemingly in- 40 The Bells—Ringing and Chiming—contd. creaking of the wooden bell-frames and a shaking of the building itself, much reminds one of the noise rim of the wheel is pierced at a point three-quarters and recoil of a battleship when she opens her broad- of the way up its side, and the rope passing through side fire." is secured to two of the spokes. Bell-ringing (as distinct from bell-chiming) is When the rope is pulled from below the wheel almost exclusively an English handicraft. Yet the starts to swing, the swing increasing with the momen- continent of Europe is full of bells. The Netherlands tum till the clapper touches the rim of the bell. This particularly are crowded with towers and belfries, is called "chiming." One man can " chime " two some containing as many as forty-eight bells, but bells by holding a rope in each hand, or three by placing these are not " rung " in the English sense ; they his foot in the loop of a third rope. are tinkled, either by hand, or by an elaborate clock- " Ringing " is an art, or craft, quite distinct from work carillon, or by the latest modern installations "chiming." To ring a bell the ringer swings it till worked by electric power. In the villages and towns it is inverted with its mouth upwards. He rings of Holland and Belgium the chiming and tinkling it up (the rope coiling round the rim of the wheel) of bells is almost incessant ; but bell-ringing is not and holds it set in that position till his turn practised. comes to join in the change-ringing ; then he lets it down and hauls it up again ready for the next Some Large Bells stroke, the clapper striking as it ascends on the The largest bell in the world is at Moscow and other side. weighs x8o tons. It has never been rung and stands Now a bell will not remain inverted. By the law in a public square with a large piece broken from of gravity it will swing back or swing right over as its side. The largest working bell in Moscow weighs its wheel completes the circle. So, to prevent its 128 tons. swinging too far, the beam supporting the bell has Big Ben (13 tons) is cracked but has a fine tone. a stay which comes into contact with a slur-bar and The big bell of St. Paul's weighs 161 tons. Other stops it. A bad ringer can break one of these wooden big bells are Great Peter at York Minster, xx tons, stays and, in that case, the bell will swing right over Great Tom at Oxford, 71i tons, and Great Tom at and cannot be used again for change-ringing till the Lincoln, 5i tons. stay has been replaced. Many little villages have fine peals of bells. In many cases bequests of land and money have been ORA - Century Description ttcnri, Nineteenth made to endow belfries, made by wealthy people 44" cc• An old gentleman, writing in the year 1848, tells who have got lost and found their way out of fogs how " neath the ringer's practised hand the brazen or forests, guided by the sound of distant bells. monsters groan in their airy loft above as they begin In some places an old custom causes a bell to be to swing on their gudgeons." Then in the belfry rung at the end of morning service. This at Culworth he describes "the wild summersets, performed at is known as the pudding bell, to warn the housewife intervals by every bell in the peal. For a moment that the family will shortly be home to Sunday the bell rests against the slur-bar, turned completely dinner ! upwards, and the next it swings down and is immedi- Places where belfries have been endowed are : ately turned up on the other side, the clapper striking Woodstock, Barton-on-Humber, Haslington, Church as it ascends." "The whole tower," he concludes, Stretton. The oldest bell in England is at Claughton, "begins to sound a glorious din, which, with the Lancs., dated 1299. TWO HUNDRED MILLIONS FOR ROADS A suggested scheme for dealing toith pressing needs in the large manner r1LASSIFIED roads generally were per cent, leas than on the single pedestrians, cyclists, and fast traffic. V, highly inefficient and dangerous, carriageway section, despite the fact On trunk roads, for the purpose of declared Mr. Norman A. Hardie, that the volume of traffic on the dual safety and the development of trade, of the British Road Federation, carriageway section was thirty-four special motor roads should be designed speaking at Pitlochxy on 21st May, at per cent. greater. for fast-moving traffic, free from the annual conference of the Scottish Classified roads generally were highly cross-roads, corners, or speed limits. Road Passenger Transport Association. inefficient and dangerous, and were Classified roads should be illuminated He suggested a motor road loan of merely a development of the old with one standard method, avoiding in i200,000,000 should be raised to meet "service" roads of a past generation. normal circumstances the necessity of the cost of various improvement He held that accident figures could headlamps. schemes he advocated. be reduced by fifty per cent. if a Motorists and local ratepayers, he The main cause of accidents, said modern road system, in conformity pointed out, provided•i5o,000,000 in Mr. Hardie, was the road system with known traffic requirements, were excess of road costs. If the cost of itself. Three years' experience of the constructed. He advocated the con- his suggested schemes could not be Glasgow—Edinburgh road disclosed struction of by-passes, the use of met from the national revenue, he that on a length divided into dual tunnels under main towns as well as suggested raising a loan of £200,000,000 carriageways accidents were eighty rivers, dual carriageways, tracks for for thirty years at threej per cent. (ORA. crs' 76%9- •stin The MORRIS Owner 466 JULY, 1937 THE MORRIS OWNER RALLY At Lilkshall Hall, Newport, Salop, on Sunday, izth September, 1937 ILLESHALL HALL, near Newport, Salop, is arrangements. For late corners or those who decide again to be the scene of a rally for owners of to enter at the last moment on the ground, however, I Morris cars on Sunday, the 12th September, a supply of entry forms will be available at the and it is expected that last year's attendance, which Stewards' tent. was exceptionally good, will be exceeded. A 600 Acres programme of events has been prepared comprising those which were most popular in previous rallies, Those who have not previously visited Lilleshall may be interested to know that it is a delightful beginning with the Concours d'Elegance, starting at rendezvous for an outing. Its six hundred acres of 2 p.m., in which classes for models of all ages have been included. The gymkhana, featuring a list of magnificent parklands, ducal mansion house, lake. items such as obstacle, needle and thread, slow race, miniature estate railway, and ancient abbey, are balloon bursting competition and musical chairs, will only a few of the many attractions of the place. start at 2.30 p.m. sharp. Entrance to the grounds costs only one shilling per head, parking is free (as are also all the events Interests for Everybody and competitions), and there are ample catering Included in the arrangements for the latter will arrangements for a vast number of persons for be eight events for- the children, so that the juvenile luncheon, tea and refreshments in the house itself visitors will have their interest sustained. and in various parts of the grounds. There will be a prize for the owner of the Morris car coming the greatest distance to the Rally, and in this connection competitors will be asked to MOTORING BROADCASTS N 2nd July a running commentary on the eliminating obtain certificates showing their starting times from tests at the termination of the Welsh Rally will be their local Distributors or Dealers. O given by K. Rowland Harries from Cardiff on Welsh The "What is Wrong with this Car ? " competition, Regional. which attracted so many entries last year, will again 3rd July. North and National will put over a commentary by Bernard Gray on the Speedway Test Match between be staged. England and Australia at Belle "%rue, Manchester. For the convenience of intending competitors, 3rd _Tilly. The West Regional programme will include a entry forms for all the various events and com- commentary by Gordon Bird on the Backwell Speed Hill petitions will be obtainable at local Distributors' Climb. r 7th July. Motorcycling Six-days' Trial—two commentaries and Dealers' premises in advance (or from the Editor on Midland and National. These will be given from Doning- of The MORRIS Owner), and it will be of assistance ton Park by C. R. Hodgson and George A. Allan, the latter to the organisers if advantage is taken of these describing the hour's speed trial. AN EASTERN- 1921— VETERAN and still going strong • 0 • ■ ,-,--,, -i- • . - IMOII EIMEII, . ;.,.. . The 1921 Morris ts, ,.. - Oxford tourer in 4.-••wilirr .; the centre picture is still in commission ---. • on Sungei Papau , . . - , ,z 411111111E1 PP• 0,, ' Estate, near Sings- \ "1114k, - ...:.; U. ' : • pore. It has done thousands of miles . with an entire lack - .4r- .,..-.;_ ZIP* ; .....,:." ,.. .r...•.„ .. of skilled attention, -• over roads scarcely - .. • . . -.Ey' worthy of the name, 4.!•;.7%.• , and currying miscellaneous loads In a tropical climate. Its --,...... _ Into owner speaks most highly of It. The other two pictures are of a 1928 Morris Oxford saloon bought to replace the older car, on a local ferry. The taint° uses live ' cars and three lorries, all of Morris and Morris-Commercial manufacture. /oR .4\ .41iVr) Jinx, 1987 469 The MORRIS Owner LLIC - IGHVAY AENNETT 6). ir c Startling revelations of the metamorphosis of motoring inspired by our Empire and foreign visitors oRii• You will find that the most startling innovation has been inspired by our American visitors. They have imported to the heart of the countryside the snappy style of town announcement boards that have long been a feature of American road travel. Whereas formerly the road to Mugworthy village was indicated by an ancient signpost, the relevant arm of which the local carpenter had taken down to repair and had forgotten to restore, and whereas GAGGLE of visitors, which, if teased apart, the aforesaid village itself had only one metal name- ik clumped with a mallet and laid end to end, plate which the village blacksmith had removed and would reach from John o' Groat's to Father -feed, take notice O'Flynn's, has descended upon the land. hollowed into a pan for chicken The whole countryside swarms with lumberjacks that all these things have been changed. And how. from Canada, black jacks from Africa, jackaroos from This is how. Australia, puggarees from India, and Empire builders In Arcady from Leicester Square, to say nothing of our European To-day, two miles from Mugworthy's ancient neighbours such as the Finn people from Finland and green, the motorist is confronted by a large board the low people from the Low Countries. bearing this superscription in two-foot letters : Aftermath WELCOME TO MUGWORTHY MUGWORTHY, SX, 143 inhabitants and rhabitual, After the celebrations in London these crowds scattered throughout the length and respiration of GIVES YOU A BIG HAND the land ; and since some of them brought cars DRIVE SLOW AND SEE OUR OLDEST and some bright ideas--ideas are the things you put INHABITANT into people's heads and then. find that you have to slap their faces DRIVE FAST AND HEAR HIM for—they have had a profound in- MUGWORTHY has the cutest church in England fluence on the gentle art of motoring. six 'to ten p.m. In fact the cross-roads of our country have bar one, and the snuggest public bar suddenly become an imperial confluence and the by- RAH RAH MUGWORTHY roads are nothing but league after league of nations. TEAS, LIGHT REFRESHMENTS, MINERALS (ORA. 4stak2p .16 WV ORA crs' The MORRIS Owner 470 J ULY, 1937 Abroad Highway—contd. All these new ideas are, of course, beneficial and are warmly welcomed by motorists. But there are That has put Mugworthy on the map all right, to say some foreign innovations1which we have no use nothing of the way it has pepped up local patriotism. for in this country. Even the local pigs are rooting for Mugworthy now. It won't be long before every village has its own In the Modern Mode publicity board, and some of our village names can Strip-tease motoring is one. The foreign actress pack a nether wallop that will knock the American who tore down the winding roads of Essex on the small town signs for a ringer. right (Continental), that is the wrong (Greenwich mean Thus far the West. But it was an Eastern potentate time) side of the road, shimmied off her rear bumpers who solved the problem of traffic lights and road and a headlamp, gracefully tossed the off wing into jams. His large saloon car was fitted with long poles the ditch (via a lamp-post), and was preparing to running along the running-boards and projecting strip off her near-side doors when a shocked constable through the wings beyond the front and rear fenders. gonged her, was correctly regarded as a menace to Whenever the car was held up by a traffic signal, all right—that is left—minded motorists. the potentate sahib clapped his hands and his dusky Although we are pleased that our visitors have litter bearers sprang out of the luggage carrier, heaved done so much to brighten up motoring in this country, the poles on to their shoulders, and bore the car we can never forget that Britannia rules the waves, triumphantly along the road with pedestrian in- even if Dora controls the frequency. Therefore, souciance. between quick ones, we are preparing an expedition This idea has deeply impressed the industry, and to carry our own native ideas to every part of the the new Morris Palanquin, complete with chromium Raj and points east. plated poles for native bearers, will soon be on the And we are determined not to relax in this en- market. deavour until we have established Belisha beacons on the Tsing-hai-wei and diamond studded crossings For Big Business on all the rhodes of Africa. Business men are expected to rush for this new model, as it is ideal for the congested area of the MORE SPACE 1 City, and soon Throgmorton Street (it is not generally 'ILLIAM TURNER & BRO. LTD.; the Sheffield firm known that Throgmorton is a Pekinese dialect word of tyre pump and gauge manufacturers, inform us ORA Nv that they have just completed a further extension orti,• 40(1, meaning The Street of a Thousand Narks) will be 4/1kG, cn. of their premises, which will give their personnel some seventy 7:10per picturesquely thronged with stockbrokers borne per cent, greater working room. The change-over was effect ed cts' shoulder-high in their own cars. without incommoding production and there will be no difficult y Canada has contributed a novel safety idea, in obtaining any of the concern's popular accessories. entitled the Frozen North or the Chain Gang Pro- tection Device for Bachelor Drivers. It happened like this. A young Canadian brought his car to Britain completely equipped with anti- freeze mixture and chains for the wheels. When he discovered that we don't get snow in this country except in August, September, October, November, December, January, February, March, April and May, he put the chains sorrowfully away. Now being a courteous young man and alone withal —that means when he wasn't withal the boys—he found that he had to give lots of young ladies lifts in the country and that the necessary duty of paying attention third person singular to them interfered with his driving. After kissing the good earth of the motherland in three different ditches, he decided it would be better to pay attention to the road between roadhouses. So he fixed up his chains the same way tramdrivers do to keep themselves aloof. He fastened one end to the gear lever and the other to the back of the front seat, thereby establishing an enclosed area under the Acts of Habeas Corpus and Noli Me Tangere. It worked all right until he fell too hard for one of his passengers and married her. He's got all the chains he wants now, but his device has been taken up by the Bachelors' Club, and will soon be standard, ■ Ain.)K VOU'Va DEMON.UI5ATM.0 yoortsLc 0 ur I am given to understand, on all sports models. (-44L. JULY, 1937 471 The MoRms Owner • --J er....W.,Veige.aiiMie" •-•---'.- . , e1N.2146118114.4.1 - •.,'- IIW'S.,,- 11,11 i , 1 • • i ) mOlOnnq • • • ,.,-„,„,m4:,.-,-;,-, cut the C° St ° „...... apw- --- OVER 125.000 SOLD IN 24 MONTHS . . . * A body with the capacity of an ordinary zo h.p. car. * Chromium-plated radiator. Six stud wheel-fixing— a real safety feature. * A full length big car chassis frame of 3 ft. 9 in. * track, specially designed for its body. * Over 40 miles per gallon and over so m.p.h. * Four full size semi-elliptic springs. Make a Note * Full size 41 inch diameter dynamo and large capacity MORRIS battery. OWNER * Large three-bearing crankshaft. RALLY * Proper fuses to all electrical circuits and z charge Lillestaall rate to accumulator. Sept. 12 * Lockheed hydraulic brakes. Morris industries Exports Limited, Cowley, Oxford, England) MIN te? MORRIS MOTORS LIMITED. COVVLEY. OXFORD (Sole Exporters: CAR MADE IN THE UNITED KINGDOM 61 IF YOU DON'T BUY MORRIS AT LEAST B ORA., MENTION OF THE MORRIS OWNER EN ?ROMPT ATTENTION TO LETTERS. tAt The MORRIS Owner 472 JULY, 1987 PICTURES OF THE ci rs MONTH . , 4., . 1 • — . . . , , , i .4.4, 11151:1; : is- , 4„}„17 . 'i ..'' - . . e.-. :41A1 .4.w,....* .. , 1111111iiiitvHi : 4.4oR40 lir 7t. .IYal ,• i- ••' . '4.er 7:1 CC I to (ORA, '16w4,,v .TULY, 193'7 473 The MORRIS Owner _ 1.'53461.. ----,-77.-74.7..74k. ,°"i-• '7', ' — - - ' pt. ---• -: . . r -,•-:.' * ‘: ,.- 4....:,-L ---.- .i..• • . ITEMS OF INTEREST r"It . ,. ,.... FROM ALL SOURCES . tah 0%4 4.11.■<;, :Mt cv 441r crs' <<, The MORRIS Owner 474 JULY, 1937 IOR4.6VP . cis'‘ OP; 1,3131,1 MORRIS JULY, 198'7 475 The Owner FOR AN INVALID'S USE An interesting conversion of a standard Morris Fourteen 4:050 ttp ESSRS. A. B. Humfrey, Two views of the con- Morris Dealers of Upper Nor- version carried out by <6Cfs' 4v M Messrs. Huntfrey, photo- wood, have recently completed graphed In the grounds of a very interesting conversion of the Royal Normal college a 1937 model Fourteen-Six saloon to for the Blind. the design of Mr. H. C. Golding, the proprietor of the concern. completed the underside work of the Next came the mounting, on the The car being required for an conversion and gave all the clearance underside of the seat base, of four invalid, the conversion was begun by required from the ground level to roller races, 1 in. in diameter, fitted removing the exhaust system and the the bottom of the well. between two pieces of angle iron and hand brake cables underneath. The A pair of runners was then fitted the finally screwed to the wooden under- metal flooring was then cut out, after whole length of the well, using as a side of the seat base. removing the passenger seat and its stop a plain plunger with a locating The seat was then mounted on the anchorage and runners, to accommo- pin fitted to enable the stop action metal plate by drilling a I in. clearing date a well (made from 12-gauge being put out of use when the seat, hole through the plate and fitting a sheet iron) 30 in. long by 14 in. wide described later, was in operation for in. bolt through plate and seat base, and 9 in. deep—this after the removal the admittance of the invalid. tightening only enough to allow the of the near-side battery and its con- roller races free movement. In addi- tainer. This well was made with an Seat Traverse tion to this a thrust race was fitted overhanging flange all round, bolted Mounted on top of the moving under the bolt head and between the to the metal flooring around the well portion of the runners were two more head and the underside of the metal hole. The exhaust system was trans- runners working across the car, this plate ; this allowed free revolving ferred to the off-side of the chassis enabling movement not only length- movement of the seat irrespective of and the hand brake cable fitted through wise, but across from the centre of the position in which the passenger a piece of tubing through the well the well to the edge of the car body. sat or of the strain the seat had at and across one corner, thus obviating Mounted on top of the cross runners any point. the use of pulley fittings and the length- was a metal plate, zo in. by 20 in. by ening of the standard cables, and was in., governed by the ordinary Locating the Position not in the way. A flexible exhaust standard seat adjustment stop. It Fitted to the front of the plate was pipe was fitted from a point about enabled the plate to be brought out a smaller plate which carried a spring- eighteen inches below the flange fitting to the edge of the car in the same way loaded plunger, engaging in a hole in on the exhaust manifold and joined as one would alter position in either the centre of the front edge of the up at the plate to position the seat normally, point where the silencer of the front seats, except that the flange met the standard pipe from the movement was at right angles. and also engaging in another hole manifold. The conversion of the seat was next when the seat was revolved to enable carried out, first reinforcing the top the passenger to sit in the seat when The Batteries of the base, which is hollowed out it was brought out, on the cross runners, The next alteration was to place to enable the battery to be got at to the edge of the car. the near-side battery alongside the easily ; this hole was filled in and Thus the passenger was able to get Oil-Side unit in a fresh container and metal strips fixed crosswise from corner into the car by merely sitting on the alter the battery wiring to suit. This to corner. seat, having her feet picked up, swung (evefelmei oil Ant, 489) ,tgahORi?2p ( OR-1? 44,tle The MORRIS Owner 476 DILI", 1937 £50 BUYS A GOOD MORRIS CAR ANY who contemplate embark- M ing upon their motoring career with a second-hand car at a relatively low price are uncertain of the value obtainable. In this article it is shown, with actual examples on offer at the show- rooms of prominent Morris Distri- butors, that, provided a Morris car is chosen, a sound, presentable, serviceable vehicle can be bought. The 1933 Oxford saloon offered by Stewart and Ardern Ltd., of Acton. HERE is no pig-in-a-poke danger to-day about buying a second-hand car—provided Tthe deal is made with a reliable motor trader. This is the conclusion I have arrived at after calling without previous arrangement on a number olts■\ 4•■•■'j- of well-known Morris Distributors throughout .4i(nrp p, the country. Serviced Before Sale On this point I never had any real doubt, for the used car industry to-day is organised and run on a business footing, and it is generally realised that a used car offered for sale by a reliable dealer has been thoroughly tested and put into good running order, for, obviously, the seller wants his customer to come back one day for another car. Mr. P. G. Page, of 38 Crouch Street. Colchester, had this excellent 1934 Minor two-seater for dis- posal, while the 1933 Major (left) was an attractive proposition offered by A. & D. Fraser Ltd., of Glasgow, at £40. exceeding This is not too high a figure to spend on one's first car, and for this outlay, I thought, there should be a wide selection of good used cars. But, frankly, I was not prepared for the extent of the value obtainable. At first I visited Stewart & Ardern Ltd., and was allowed to choose a car at random. Here I was surprised to learn that there were few of the Morris Minor type available. There is every- where a big demand for this economical light car, but the demand was larger The question of reliability having been settled to than the supply in London, at the time of my call my own satisfaction, I was anxious to discover at any rate. The accompanying photograph shows exactly what could be obtained for an outlay not a 1933 Oxford saloon at that time in stock and on 40*.ORA JULY, 1987 477 The MoRlas Owner 450 Buys a Good Morris Car—cot offer at /50. It is a fair example of a ty available at about the same price. It v c eedingly good condition both as to inside ai finish, and the engine started at the first touch of the starter. With careful usage this car is capable of several more years of useful service. It should be interposed here that in the interval between writing this article and the time it is published the actual cars illustrated may already have been sold. Nevertheless, they were picked at random and thus are fully representative of cars' always available. Mr. P. G. Page, of Colchester, showed This 1933 Ten saloon, ht really fine condition, wee one of a me a different type of car. It is a Minor two-seater selection shown by the Colmore Depot, of Birmingham. which, in the three years it has been on the road, has done only 20,000 miles in the hands of one owner. It present article to refer to the Ten saloon. This is in excellent condition in every respect, has recently is an exceptionally smart car, finished in blue. It had wings, wheels and Undercarriage repainted, and has Triplex glass throughout, is complete with all it is obvious that this car has been an object of standard equipment, having bumpers, trafficators, pride to its owner. radiator stoneguard and luggage carrier. Down South This is a good family car in fine condition as to upholstery and cellulose, and in very good running The Minor coachbuilt saloon first registered in order. April, 1933, was among the stock on show by 1 Wadham Bros., of Waterlooville. It is a coachbuilt In Glasgow four-seater saloon, in very fair condition throughout. Going farther north I came across a 1933 Major ORA sliding head saloon, offered by A. & D. Fraser Ltd. ttOrn Here, again, is a car which has been well cared for. cc• It seemed to me, in looking through the stocks of of Glasgow. This, too, is an attractive car, finished te, 4..• used cars on sale, that the majority of owners, in brown with brown hide upholstery. The equip- Cis. knowing that one day they would want to realise ment includes traffic direction indicators, Triplex on their cars, were at pains to keep them in good glass throughout and dipping headlamps. All the condition. tyres are good, while I was assured that the car liad been well serviced, and it was obviously in really sound mechanical condition. Its price was £40. -A. :- ' • '; ' I purposely made my selection from stocks as -.: widespread as possible to show The MORIUS Owner readers that /50 will buy a good used car equally i .., • , 1 easily in any part of the country. I would like to _ ., finish on this note : that all of the cars I saw, of ----- :- - - which the foregoing are but a small selection, had been through the workshops of the various Distribu- tors and put into good running condition. They . -.., —. . : could be bought with the fullest confidence that they represented the best value that money could . '.1t. IOU buy. . * --"'1116.001011111 WA) 1,‘ '. The policy of thoroughness in manufacture which ■ ' . \ ko, 111°'' exists to-day in the Morris factories has been the guiding principle throughout the years in which - - - Morris cars have been produced. It has been responsible for the sustained record demand for Wadham Bros., of Waterlooville, had this well-eared-for Morris Minor conehbulit saloon. Morris cars for many years past, and has built up a reputation for good service which is now world The Colmore Depot of Birmingham had a rather wide. The very types of car dealt with in this article, wider selection of cars at about /50 each. I found embodying the virtues of outstanding reliability, a difficulty in deciding between a r933 Oxford saloon, economical running, and generous seating capacity 1933 Cowley saloon, 1933 Ten saloon and a 1933 for their dimensions, are to a great extent responsible Minor saloon. All were under /50, but I think it for the present-day popularity of Morris cars. would be of more interest for the purposes of the R.A.B. 4gL- i-tr p • CY' -- The MORRIS Owner 478 JULY, 1937 THE . . QUEEN'S QUEST A legend in the history of Leeds Castle, the Norman stronghold of which a fascinating glimpse is accorded to way- farers upon the Maidstone-Charing road By JAMES T. SKINNER D ci remains of food and a glass of water at his side. But the most roman- tic legend of all is that which relates to Queen 0.. Isabella, consort of Edward II, and the re- HERE can bellious Captain Cul- Tsurely be peper, who, for throwing no meclix- the keys of the castle val stronghold into the waters of the throughout the moat beneath to prevent length and the entry of his tired breadth of Brit- queen, suffered the fate ain that more which awaited all those worthily de- who thwarted a mon- serves the title arch's desires. of "fairy pal- ace " than Leeds , Fair English Beauty Castle--on the It needs little imagi- Maidstone-Char- nation, perhaps, to pic- ing road in Kent. ture again the scene on (Top) The Medway at Maidstone with the bishop's palace in the background. Here is one and (below) the bridge and church at Aylesford, Kent. that fateful evening in of the sturdiest the early fourteenth old towers in England, looking like a Norman fortress, century when Queen Isabella rode partly by the old as indeed it may have been, though it was started Pilgrims' Way of Kent and halted at last before the by the Saxons and extended by the Tudors. Nor castellated walls and towers of the massive pile in is there any more stately house in the country than which she planned to spend the night. this castle of the little Leeds. It has stood on its three Around her lay a rocky knolls surrounded by its moat, in a park of vision of the fairest 11 five hundred acres, like a spectacular piece of history English beauty— a for perhaps five hundred years. It is a wonderful peaceful countryside, thing to sec from the roadway, bursting suddenly on calm and still in the ' I the everyday view like some vision from the long-dead twilight afterglow, past, and is all the more attractive to the passing the sound of song- motorist because of the legends associated with its birds chanting their - ancient walls. One grim tale these ramparts have vespers, the distant really told, for one hundred years ago there was notes of field and found in these stones the skeleton of a man with the steading coming in ORA crs' juts, 1987 479 The MORRIS Owner The Queen's Quest—contd. "What if Her Majesty were faring on a hundred pilgrimages to Canterbury ? " this traitor had said. the lowing of kine and the bleating of sheep, sounding I am charged by my master with the goodly keeping on the soft night air through the network of larches, of this castle's safety, and neither the queen nor any pines, oaks and beeches that surrounded her in other shall be lodged here without the commandment the grounds wherein her dust-stained company was of his lord, the owner." gathered. A goodly crowd was there—her marshal, grizzled A Stubborn Knave men-at-arms, mail and basinet agleam, pages, ladies- Speechless at this refusal, Isabella had ridden in-waiting—and she, the most richly habited of all, forward to the gates of the stronghold, down through riding a snow-white palfrey that champed impatiently the vast expanse of bracken that surrounded it, on its foam-flecked bit as its royal mistress stared beyond the silvery water of the lake that formed the with tired but kindling eye upon the frowning gate moat, and bade her attendants clamour for speech before her. A Churlish Welcome Here was high treason indeed, she mused, for who would dare refuse not his queen alone but even a travel-weary woman the right of entry ere ever she - had approached within ' • ,' . horn's sound of these be- 414kIU I ' nighted wails? - ,,, Already her marshal had If • l , .til ,1't , t.t..--. •....s. gone before her with the II - news of her coming—en- - -- .. . . • ,.. ..- forced by untoward delay ' : upon the road. Lord Badles- • - , • 0,4.? 40 with "proud denials." . _ 74 "... • TVF- 4.,,.., . - ' 3,7if . •, - f...A 7 ty ' -1,.. '.. - ...,c.- - • J. ''' fliial4: 7 ' * k O.' ' The splendid pile of Leeds castle from across the moat, and (left) a Kentish cherry orchard in blossom. with the stubborn knave who held it shut-against her shelter. Above her rose the dark square mass of the central tower, lifting its upper storey high over the edge of the ma.chicolated barbican, whose double towers defended the entrance to the bailey, or great courtyard. The round Norman arches of the dark- browed gateway were pierced with oillets, and through them might be seen the fierce, bearded faces of my Lord Badlesmere's retainers. 4.12k2p .16-WV 4074 The MORRIS Owner 480 JULY, 1987 The Queen's Quest—contd. once belonged to a man who went with Raleigh on one of those disastrous expeditions when the luckless Again at the royal command that thundering sound, seadog was seeking to establish a British empire and then the answer—a shower of deadly arrows from overseas, and the castle was sold to pay the cost. the eye-slits of the castle walls, and heaped confusion Here, too, lived that Fairfax who was Cromwell's among the horses and attendants of the host who right-hand man and who took Maidstone for the chafed without. Parliament against the king. Here was a right royal reception for a tired queen Here also was Joan of Navarre imprisoned, and at nightfall—" a malapert refusal," as she herself the Duchess of Gloucester heard her doom within described it on taking her departure. But the end its walls when the Archbishop of Canterbury con- was not slow in coming. Isabella had to hie her to demned her to death for sorcery and witchcraft. Canterbury after all that night, but her complaint In the year 1655 the Government of that day acquired to Edward If was prompt and peremptory. the castle for the housing of some six hundred sick History tells us that the incident was followed next and wounded French and Dutch prisoners, who were by a visit to the castle by the king himself, besieging placed under the charge of the diarist, John Evelyn. "the piece so straightly," as Lambarde quaintly Since that time the castle has taken little share in wars. tells us in his Perambulation of Kent, that it surrender- ed, "whereupon tooke he Captain Culpeper and Priceless Treasures hoong him up : the wife and children of the Lord To-day the house is a veritable Aladdin's Cave of Badlesmere he sent to the Towre of London. The priceless historic treasures. Among these are the treasure and munition he seized to his own use : little pink shoes of Anne Boleyn and two other caskets. and the Castle he committed to such as liked him." There is a secret drawer in which five hundred gold coins were found, supposed to have been concealed In an Enchanted Dell there by the Virgin Queen. There is the actual key Few motorists who pass the splendid pile of Leeds cast into the moat by Captain Culpeper himself. Castle to-day—lying in its enchanted dell below the Then, too, there is a small Holbein on copper, a bustling Folkestone highway en route to Ashford— fireplace by Grinling Gibbons, a portrait by Sir are familiar with this incident in its early history. Peter Lely, and one of the oldest pendulum clocks Others there are—though they may have hastened in England, which has been beating out the thrilling ' by it a score of times—who have actually never hours of its country's history for about four hundred ,torp caught a glimpse through the surrounding stone- years. 44"cm"? 'A pines of the park of the walls and towers that rise Around Leeds Castle is a countryside that has its <<, from the three little islands in the lake that serves sweet allure for the motorist, whatever the time of it as a moat. year at which it is visited. Here we are in the very Only if one halts the car and finds a certain spot heart of "Kent's smiling scene," a district of lovely in the screenwork of foliage bordering the road can lanes, of fertile fields, of bewitching woodlands, and be seen the old grey structure—looming fairylike hamlets that reveal the true secret of rustic charm against the dark background of trees amid which it and peace. The motorist who chooses these ways is set. for his leisurely questings will find rich reward in True it is that the main building on the larger the endless pictures of pastoral beauty and historic island in the fifteen-acre lake dates only from the landmarks with which it is so lavishly adorned, no early years of the nineteenth century, but there are matter whether all be bowered in Summer's leafy many remains of the ancient house that played so screen or clothed in the unsullied snow-mantle of great a part in the history of England in medieval mid-Winter. times. The massive pile of the original castle is thought to have been erected by Robert de Crevecceur "Officer, what's the charge against this man ? " —who founded Leeds Abbey in 1114—and it came "Intoxication." successively into the hands of such puissant Kentish "What's the evidence ? " families as the Leybournes, the St. Legers, the "Driving a car down Tremont Street." Culpepers, and the Fairfaxes. Shortly after its "And is that a sign of intoxication ? " completion King Stephen laid siege to it. In the "Yes, there was no car." days of Edward I the building was acquired by the * * * Crown, and it was here that Richard II received the "My wife ran the car into the fence the other day famous chronicler Froissart after the latter's visit and knocked some paint off." to Canterbury to worship at the shrine of St. Thomas "Off what, your car or the fence ? " Becket. " Neither, off my wife." It was at Leeds Castle that Bluebeard Henry made : * * * a home for Catherine and wooed his new Anne Boleyn. The lady motorist presented the railway.gateman Here Elizabeth was held captive as a princess and with a charming smile. "I consider you are doing honoured as a queen. Here Ricardus Rex came when me a great favour letting me over the crossing so he was very young, and hence they brought him as quickly." a prisoner when he was praying for a little grave "0' course, it be agin orders, lady," replied the or to be buried on the king's highway. Leeds also man, "the 3.30 express 'as been doo this ten minutes." ro,„? - JULY, 1937 481 The MORRIS Owner BY FLOODLIGHT Architectural beauty will be resplendent in many parts of the country during the ■ . evening hours mmommis .....maimmom during the Coro- nation Summer • Five interesting examples of night photography 4411r j:t• r: :-, CjsA ..." I, 1 J - ___ 1.—The tall spire of St. Mary Redefine. tit Bristol, is a landmark by night as well as day. 4 - Ars' • - 2.—The majestic fountain in Great Pulteney Street, Bath, with which most %Vest Country „ 4 ' readers will be familiar. 3. — A particularly attractive aspect of Bath );.4. . Abbey. 4.- -Pulteney Bridge, spanning the River Avon at Bath, beautiful by day, is yet enhanced by floodlight. ti I ill , 5.—Even the architecturally flamboyant 11 Royal Pavilion at Brighton takes to itself a certain amount of glamour by artificial light. ORA crs' The MORRIS Owner 482 JULY, 1937 STOWING THE LUGGAGE An operation in which a little care will repay itself in immunity from trouble By STATON ABBEY rearlamp are not obscured when the grid is open. Should this be the case, a duplicate number-plate must be fitted ; as a rule, however, the original number-plate and rear lamp can be 'removed, and with the exercise of a little ingenuity clipped to the grid in such a manner as to be available in either the open or closed position. The most satisfactory alternative to strapping .-17.-A1•1111k. suitcases to the luggage grid is to fit a luggage trunk of suitable size to the grid. Trunks may be obtained ISPOSING of the luggage required for a tour suitably shaped to conform to the rear panels, and of any length is always something of a problem. may be strapped or clipped into place, when they D If a little thought is given to the matter become to all intents and purposes a permanent beforehand, however, it is usually possible to stow fitting. It is well worth the small additional expense OR A to obtain a trunk already fitted with suitcases ; in otto ,torp all the items away neatly, leaving a maximum of 44" 'A <<, room for the passengers. addition to the convenience of this arrangement, a Except when built-in luggage accommodation is considerable economy in space is effected. provided, the almost universal solution to the problem is the luggage grid. Packing luggage An Important Consideration securely on a grid, however, is an art in itself. The In this connection it will sometimes be found first, and invaluable tip, is - to have available a sheet that a certain amount of space is wasted by of waterproof material capable of enclosing the attempting to pack unsuitably shaped suitcases into complete pile of cases before they are strapped down. the built-in luggage compartments behind the rear Dust and rain appear to have a peculiar genius for seats on recent Morris and Wolseley models. It finding their way into unprotected suitcases. As an should be remembered that special suitcases are additional safeguard, it is advisable to place a sheet available which are made to fit 'snugly to the of brown paper over the contents of each case before measurements of each individual body, and which closing the lid. utilise every inch of available space. It is surprising how much extra can be packed into cases of this Get Good Straps , type. ' It is false economy to use cheap luggage straps, When a considerable amount of luggage is to be since the amount of jolting which the cases receive carried, an external grid is sometimes fitted in imposes a considerable strain on the straps; and addition to the built-in accommodation. A point should a fastening break, a lbst suitcase may be an which should not be overlooked is that an excessive expensive item, quite apart from the attendant amount of luggage should ,not be carried on any inconvenience. Do not forget, too, that new straps type of rear grid owing to the ,tendency it may have are inclined to stretch ; it will often be found that to make the car tail-heavy. . If a car is overloaded the buckles can be tightened up a hole or two after in this manner the cornering and road-holding a few miles on the road. properties will be adversely affected. The object Fabric luggage straps which are provided with should be to keep the weight within the wheelbase universally adjustable clips overcome the difficulty as far as possible. Advantage should be taken of often experienced in obtaining just the right tension the luggage locker when provided, even should this with an ordinary buckle. In addition, these straps mean the sacrifice of one or two luxuries when are as a rule considerably cheaper than the leather packing. Quite apart from the question of over- variety. loading, the advantage of having the suitcases under Whenever a luggage grid is fitted by the owner, .cover in a weatherproof compartment should not care should be taken that the number-plate and need stressing. ORA crs' JULY, 1937 488 The MORRIS Owner Stowing the Luggage—contd. Experience has proved that loose oddments and packages placed on the floor or on the seats have a If a great deal of luggage is to be carried in addition habit of getting in the way generally, and causing a to a full complement of passengers, there is a lot good deal of annoyance during the course of the tour. to be said for the specialised luggage trailer. More In this connection one of the most practical than adequate space will then be available for fittings, the utility of which has to be experienced necessities—and luxuries as well. A wide variety to be believed, is a roof net, into which all such items of trailers is available ; particularly handy is the as gloves and maps in frequent demand can be small trailer which runs on a single wheel. Owing slipped. A further point is that if small cases must to the castor action of this wheel, reversing and be carried on the rear seat, they should be strapped manceuvring do not present any difficulty, while together in order to prevent them from sliding about in addition to the compactness of the trailer it is every time that the car is cornered or braked. not heavy enough to impose an undue load even on an Eight. The legal requirements as regards brakes Picnic Meals and provision of a duplicate rearlight and number- Many motorists prefer to carry a picnic meal plate will have been complied with in the case of with them in preference to breaking the journey any proprietary trailer. during the day at hotels. The carrying of food and liquids can only be solved really satisfactorily by a Hired Trailers fitted picnic case. The initial expense will be amply When it is felt that the expense of purchasing a repaid by the greatly increased convenience. Food luggage trailer is not justified, it should not be supplies should always be packed in as cool a place forgotten that it is possible to hire a suitable trailer as possible ; the luggage grid, moreover, is seldom at a moderate cost for the period of the tour. a suitable situation. There is on record the case of Substantially built models are available at hire a motorist who packed an elaborate hamper and charges from about ir per week. strapped it on the luggage grid just above the exhaust The car belonging to the motorist who takes pipe. On arrival it was found that the heat had touring seriously is usually distinguished by the melted the butter, which had percolated throughout neat manner in which all the oddments are stowed the hamper, while anything which remained edible away, leaving a maximum of room for the passengers. was strongly redolent of exhaust fumes. village cages for petty misdemeanants and others in various parts of the country, and of many different types. Often they are called "blind-houses," for the reason that they generally have nothing in the likeness of a window. This lock-up is a very substantial circular building of stone, and, like others, was used as a temporary place of deten- tion until such time as the malefactor could be removed to the county gaol. As for the petty offenders, they generally were released after a day or so. Local gossip will have it that more than one of the numerous highwaymen who once infested this region of Salisbury Plain were lodged here ; but we may doubt it. Shrewton adjoins the hamlet of Winter- bourne Stoke, on the River Wylye. A tablet LATE seventeenth or early eighteenth century on one of the cottages records the disastrous flood of relic of olden rural conditions, the Round January, 1841, when -the melting snow, rushing House at Shrewton, in Wiltshire, has just been down from the Plain into this hollow, caused great scheduled for preservation under the Ancient Monu- havoc. ments Act. There are numerous examples of these C.G.H. ---- - JULY, 1937 The MORRIS Owner 484 Ascdhd, Pitige) L.( RRISTER- AT- LAW The business of obtaining a driving licence as it affects an applicant suffering from any of the scheduled disabilities. 0 R ,trirn NCE a year, when we apply for a renewal of Hepworth, conscientiously answered "No" to the ('‘GI our driving licences, we all fill up a declaration question whether he could read a number-plate at O that we are physically fit to drive. Most of twenty-five yards, but appended to his form a us put "Yes" and "No" in the right places and then statement showing that he was a competent and forget the matter. But there are some drivers experienced driver. He was denied a licence ; he compelled to give serious thought to their answers ; endeavoured to appeal to the magistrates ; they and any one of us is liable at the caprice of Fate refused to hear him, so he went to the High Court to come within the category of the disabled driver. for an order that they should hear him ; the High What, then, is the legal position of the driver Court refused the order, and he went on to the who suffers from some disability ? Court of Appeal. And there this courageous fighter Disabilities in law fall into three classes. Presence stopped. The Master of the Rolls, the late Lord of one of the first class is an absolute bar to obtaining Hanworth, sympathised with Mr. Hepworth and a licence to drive anything but an invalid carriage. expressed the view that the twenty-five yards test These prohibitive disabilities are as follows : (x) was unfair to many competent drivers. But the Epilepsy ; (z) insanity ; (3) Liability to sudden law was clear, and the judge was forced to hold attacks of disabling giddiness or fainting, and (4) that so long as he answered "No" to that question Inability to read a number-plate at twenty-five he could have no licence. yards in good daylight with the aid of glasses, if Determinable Disabilities worn. So much for prohibitive Aisabilities. The second A Test Case class coniiks of every other disability likely to You are asked on your driving licence. application render the driver a source of danger to the public. form whether you suffer from the first, third and In such cases a licence may be granted if the fourth of these. (The Minister seems to have thought applicant can pass a test. it inadvisable to ask applicants whether they are Drivers are asked in Question 3 of Part C of the insane.) . If you are forced to admit any of those application form whether they have lost either hand disabilities you cannot get a licence, and there is or foot or are suffering from any defect in movement, no appeal from the refusal of the authority to grant control or muscular power of either arm or leg. one. One gentleman sent in a medical certificate They are also required in the same Part to declare stating that he had had epileptic attacks "but was that they are not suffering from any other disease probably cured." He was refused a licence, and (mental or physical) or disability which would be found that he had no right of appeal. likely to cause the driving by them of a motor Another applicant, a veteran motorist named vehicle to be a source of danger to the public. They 40ORA* , crs' JULY, 1937 485 The MORRIS Owner The Disabled Driver and the Law—contd. man who has lost one or both of his legs, and has had a car specially constructed to be driven by hands are also told that if they answer "Yes" to the question alone. If he can drive this car competently, then whether they have lost hand or foot, etc., they may he will obtain a licence limited to such a car, and be subjected to a driving test, or may claim exemption he cannot drive other cars. if they have previously passed such a test. Another important section of the Act empowers Here the form is definitely misleading. It gives the Council issuing a licence to revoke it if upon the impression that the test is only available to enquiry they are satisfied that the driver suffers persons who have lost a hand or foot or suffer from from one of the second class of disabilities, even a defect in arm or leg. By implication it gives the though he has previously passed a test. impression that persons who cannot sign the de- The third class of disabilities comprises every claration that they suffer from no other disability other physical or mental defect—any, that is to cannot obtain a licence. say, which is not likely to cause the sufferer's driving A great many of the forms put out by the Ministry to be a source of danger to the public. The man of Transport have been criticised for misrepresenting who suffers from rheumatism, for instance, or who the law. This is one of them. Any person who is has lost a finger, need not ordinarily bother about it. unable to sign the declaration is (unless, of course, he suffers from one of the prohibitive disabilities Borderline Cases already dealt with) entitled nevertheless to a licence I say "ordinarily" because there will inevitably if he can pass a driving test. be borderline cases falling between classes two and three. Suppose a man to have lost the thumb of The Deaf Driver his left hand. Which class does he come in ? Deafness is a case in point. A person may be Apparently it is up to him to decide. If he decides stone deaf, and his driving in that state would of that he can competently manage the. gear. lever and course be a source of danger to the public. But hand brake and can conscientiously sign the declar- at the same time he may have equipped himself ation that his driving would not be a source of with some acoustic appliance which overcomes his danger, then he will get his licence unless the Council disability. He is entitled to be tested. But he is decide that he is a source of danger. in a difficulty when it comes to filling up the form. One class of borderline case, however, is not left The best he can do seems to me to be to cross out to the decision of the applicant. If he suffers from On • • • FITTING TYRES Simple steps in the process of tyre manipulation that will ensure tubes and covers a fair chance of long life and good service By G. FLOOD (Left) When fit- ting the second bead of the cover work from the side opposite :the valve. (Right) The valve base nut should LTHOUGH the tyre makers do their best to be tightened with a set spanner, give the motorist a trouble-free tyre, faults preferably with A the valve held in sometimes arise after the tyre has left the a vice to obviate Works which lead to a short life for the tyre and damaging the , many anxious and troublesome moments for the threads. motorist. These faults are generally the cause of premature tyre failure, and can usually be primarily attributed to incorrect fitting of covers and tubes, and neglect 44,02 of elementary essentials such as the tightening down istic of the well base rim. In fitting a tube the valve through te'cz s' 4e of valve base nuts. Although the tightening down should be pointing upwards and straight cts'‘ of a base nut may seem a trivial and unimportant the valve aperture instead of downwards and against point, tyre manufacturers have shown the importance the aperture. A good guide prior to fitting is partially with which they regard it by passing instructions to inflate the tube and lay it on the ground. For to the trade on the matter. fitting purposes the valve stem should then be pointing upwards. A Simple Precaution French chalk is supplied with new tubes and By ensuring that nuts are properly tightened down should be used liberally, as it acts as a lubricant motorists would save themselves time, worry, and between cover and tube, and also helps towards needless expense, and so obviate the necessity of ease in fitting. continually inflating tyres which usually lose con- Various methods are employed in the fitting of siderable pressure, and therefore are likely to fail covers and tubes to rims, and to the 'experienced prematurely. If one applies to the tyre manufacturers one is as easy as another. But to the inexperienced for a rebate on such a tyre, one is likely to be met I would suggest the easiest way, and that is to with a polite refusal, as their experts can tell at a proceed step by step, ignoring all short cuts. First glance whether the tyre has been run under-inflated of all inspect your rim, and if it has a rim band or fiat. And after all one fitted, see that it is centred cannot expect the manu- in.u.pci ay CIL V facturer to make good a cumference of the rim. loss which has obviously Then lay it on the ground been brought about with the valve aperture through neglect. • 1-• upwards. Next take your Motorists should note cover, making sure that that cars which are fitted • . it is free of any foreign with well base rims have material inside, and place the valve hole on the outer it on top of the rim with i7 side 'of the rim, when the the bottom bead under wheel is fitted to the car. - the lip of the top half of Therefore it follows that the rim. Insert tyre levers 4-1,. .A++..A Llic um/ between cover and rim in such a manner to coin- Nis a good plan to lay the partly inflated tube, valve pointing on to the lip and engage upwards, alongside the wheel with valve and hole in their cide with this character- relative positions. a grip with both levers, (ORII402h2p .40*ORA , crs• Juts, 1987 489 The MORRIS Owner On Fitting Tyres—contd. Secondly, damage to the bead and bead wires will be obviated in the final stage of fitting. Possibly having one in each hand. Press over alternately many readers have witnessed the titanic efforts of with each hand against the cover, forcing it gently one or more inexperienced persons at this stage. over the rim. As you press down with the left Hammers, mallets, and many levers are requisitioned hand ease up with the right, and vice versa. When- as a means of persuasion to enable them to fit the ever a part of the bead has been pressed over the last few inches or so of bead over the rim.. The lip, move the levers round an inch or so only and simple but important rule of starting opposite the again engage the grip on the rim. By moving the valve and, as one progresses, prodding the bead levers an inch or so you will ensure easier and down into the well of the rim, would have made quicker fitting. it an easy and pleasurable job. Inserting the Tube In the third instance incorrect method generally Assuming that one bead has now been fitted over leads to tubes being nipped in many places. When the rim, take the tube and make sure the valve the cover has eventually been fitted it is found on base nut is tight ; dust with chalk. Partially inflate, inflating the tyre that there are many leaks, and putting in as much air as will leave the tube we have to begin all over again. sagging or wrinkled. Fit the tube into the cover Start Opposite the Valve with the valve at the valve aperture and pointing Now that the dangers which must be avoided in upwards. Now position yourself at that part of the final operation have been explained we shall the rim opposite the valve. Insert both hands proceed, remembering to start opposite the valve. inside the cover, placing the fingers behind and Insert both levers under the lip of the rim and press thumbs in front of the valve. Now pull the valve the cover down gently. Kneel on the cover to towards you and guide it through the aperture, prevent the bead from slipping out. Proceed now withdraw one hand and secure the valve by screwing as with first bead before tube was fitted, taking on the locking nut a few turns. The wheel is now care that levers are engaged on the lip of the rim ready for the final operation of fitting the second bead. and free of the tube. As you progress, remember In this operation great care must be taken to to prod that part of the bead which is engaged into start at the section of the bead diametrically opposite the well of the rim. The cover should now practically the valve. The reasons for this are threefold. fall on to the rim. Firstly, if the above procedure is not adhered to Before inflating, inspect between cover and rim, 0,4.? and the start is made at the valve, the bead will making sure that the tube is not held. If it is held rest on top of the valve stem and is therefore pre- press lightly into position with a small blunt lever. vented from slipping down into the well of the rim, Screw the valve locking nut down and inflate to which position facilitates the process. required pressure. For an Invalid's Use —etlj„8,"46gros an oblong peg could be fitted at the removable, allowing the invalid, in top end and a piece of metal into the this case, to shuffle to the edge of the round and dropped into the well. top of the door frame, central with car, sit in the seat, be pushed into The seat was then pushed back to the the pillar position, cut out to accom- position and the pillar and doors well centre position and forward or modate the oblong peg. This per- refitted. backward as desired, and could be mitted the standard pillar being used. finally locked in the position chosen. The triangular foot was fixed by three Reasonably Priced The seat itself was altered in the knurled head -fr in. screws at the The whole operation does not take following manner : the frame was bottom, made to fit easily, the posi- up more than twenty minutes, but con- stripped and sides welded to the back tioning being governed by fixing two sidered against the impossibility of an and bottom. These sides were cut dowels into the body side registering invalid getting out of an ordinary car from 14-gauge iron and holed out so with two holes drilled in the pillar at all, it as to reduce weight. Above these must be obvious that there on the inside. The trafficator was must be many who would be only too sides two half-round tops were fitted, then re-wired to a small plug and socket for hand gripping, and the whole re- glad to have a car placed at their disposal at the bottom of the pillar, the wiring at, as in this instance, the modest trimmed to match the remainder of being taken under the car to a loose the interior. The seat cushion was figure of £300, taxed and fully insured. lead plug through the flooring. In conclusion it should be mentioned reduced to give the required measure- ments, namely zoint from the that the car can be re-converted in watfioor Doors about three days to the original stand- to the top of the cushion, 9 in. from the The doors were then simply made top of the cushion to the top of the arm ard model and sold in the ordinary way rests, and to hang on ; this was carried out by without any conversion being apparent. 20 in. between the arm rests, altering the standard hinges. The giving 34 in. between the top of the hinge holes were opened out to take cushion and the inside of the car roof. ir in. pins, fresh pins were made up Morris Engines in Demand Carpets and the brass balls fixed to the pins, TT has been necessary to increase when in position, on the door portion 1. the staff and to work night and The carpets were refitted and the of the hinges. The other halves of the well lined with new carpet. This day shifts at the Coventry factory completed the inside of the car. hinges were then opened to ' take the of Morris Motors Ltd., to meet the new size pins, thus enabling the doors large demand for Morris marine and rhe method of entry is rather un- to be lifted off or on at will. usual. The doors and centre pillar industrial engines. Finally came the cutting of the Deliveries of all new models are now were removed from the near-side ; the running-board, this being made into latter redesigned in such a manner that well in hand, and orders received so three sections with the centre section far have beaten all records. 40 °RI? 44" " ARY, have you dug up that beet yet ?— There are many fuels which are perfectly usable Do not forget we are off on Saturday ! " in a motorcar. The engineer has to figure out not M It is not quite impossible that this should only the best and most easily carried fuel from the prove a logical question in the mouth of the future aspect of storage, but he has also to produce a sub- owner-driver. stance which will enable its heat value to be put to Let us consider the fuel situation as it is to-day. the task of expanding a gas in order to push down a Motorcars have internal combustion engines not piston. Even coal is perfectly satisfactory. Either because this type of it can be employed to motor per se is par- boil water into a gas ticularly suitable for which then functions traction, but because Professor Low's outlook is always original. In 1910 in an ordinary steam the fuel is clean, easily he demonstrated an engine running direct on coal. engine, or the solid converted from chemi- Two years later he experimented on Brooklands with fuel can have air cal to heat energy, the then unknown subject of forced induction. In 1914 drawn over it to pro- and conveniently dis- he demonstrated Television before the Institute of Auto- duce a mixture of tributed in tins or mobile Engineers, and now he writes on a subject which carbon monoxide and pumps all over the may become of very real importance to the motorist hydrogen, such as world. of the future. many gas engines are using in factories Present Handicaps throughout the What has often sar- country. castically been called the explosion motor is not especially pleasant in a motorcar from the aspect of Paraffin's Drawback flexibility, convenience, or gear changing. It has But these systems are not very simple on a small no starting torque and it holds a very anomalous scale, and it is for this reason more than any other position. In the first place an engine must needs that petrol bas become so popular. Paraffin would run fast if it is to produce power without the really be better—from the point of view of sheer expensively purchased heat being lost to radiator efficiency—but for the fact that it is difficult to evapor- and exhaust pipe, while at high speeds a system of ate or to use in a high compression engine without gearing is necessary which is definitely wasteful. all kinds of strange tarry and other deposits ro,„? ORA crs' jtiLY, 1987 493 The MORRIS Owner Horne Grown Miles—contd. and this has to be diluted to a strength of ten or twelve per cent. before being warmed to about interfering with the mechanical parts of a motor. eighty-five degrees Fahrenheit, when yeast is added Of late years a great many tests have been made to cause the fermentation. After about twelve upon fuels with the idea of producing some cheap hours, and all this can happen while you are liquid that does not burn too quickly when vapor- asleep, alcohol forms and a great deal of carbon ised; a liquid, in short, which gives a partial vapour dioxide is given off which from your backyard that could be used in a comparatively slow running would be allowed to escape, - and which on a larger engine. Remember that all engines must run relatively plant is compressed for the preparation of dry slowly when compared with the rate at which gas "ice." can be made to burn. This fermented liquid is now distilled, in other One of the best of such fuels is alcohol, or alcohol words it is boiled in a tin and the vapour allowed to with which a very little water has been mixed. And condense in a receiver kept cool by water. The here is the strange condition that applies to this fuel. alcohol obtained by this very simple arrangement Whereas petrol is a very complicated material and is about ninety-five per cent. pure with a yield of needs an enormous plant for its proper refining, re- approximately six gallons for every hundredweight moval of the tar, removal of the myriad substances of molasses. from which the petrol as we know it is obtained, alcohol is something which you or I could make very Sugar Spirit easily in our back gardens. I have not the least Sugar itself, except that it is too expensive, can doubt that until the last few years there were many be dissolved for fermentation as in the case of the people in Ireland who habitually enjoyed the potheen beet syrup, while the alcohol obtained in this way is of that country, a simply distilled alcohol made by perfectly suitable as a thoroughly good motor fuel the aid of fermented corn. without other complicated treatments of any kind. ,The Excise Aspect A little water can often be added without ill effects, There are even easier ways of producing alcohol, and as the farming of beet is of very real interest to and as the Inland Revenue cannot well refuse a licence agriculture, it does seem, on the face of it, that here is the only difficulty with home grown alcohol is that a scheme for adding to those supplies of hydrogenated it would doubtless have to be mixed with a small fuel about which we have heard so much and experi- (3%7 quantity of evil smelling liquid in order that it could enced so little. ,torp 44" cv not be used for drinking purposes. For the moment, motorists have quite enough to to.crs I think I am right in saying that, given freedom of bother about without making their own fuel, as was access to any still, the Excise authorities can make occasionally necessary in the old days ; but times no objection ; but that if the final product is drinkable have a habit of changing and I do not think this the whole situation is altered, many licensing difficul- suggestion is any more peculiar than that which led ties arise and large sums must be paid before the spirit to the appearance during the Great War of portable is taken "out of bond." balloons insecurely tied to the roofs of joy-riding But motorists do not want to drink their fuel, saloons. Owner-drivers must be tired of hearing of and it seems to me that if we buy a few packets of the dangers of alcohol ; perhaps the day will dawn seeds and plant a few fields with sugar beet,-we will when "Say when" refers solely to tanks and never not only be able to enjoy our holidays at an astonish- to the driver. ingly low cost, but we shall be able to help the country in time of war, when fuel cannot well be obtained. Better still, we shall have always available a fuel that is most soft and pleasant in its running properties. Larger tanks, maybe, but much smaller purses will be necessary. In practice alcohol is not manufactured directly from sugar beet, but from con- centrated uncrystallisable syrup. This is the molasses left over after the sugar has been separated by evaporating the ex- tracted sugar solution from the beet. It may sound complicated but it only re- quires a few pipes and tins for this process to be set up on a small scale. I daresay that ten pounds would be enough to start the ball rolling, or rather, the wheels turning. The molassPs, a dark brown syrup, The very fine floodlighting display of the premises of Morris Garages Ltd.. contains about fifty per cent. of sugar in St. Aldate's, Oxford, was one of the best efforts of its kind In the city. 4sishofilr2p ( OPri crs' The MORRIS Owner 494 JULY, 1937 By TALKING SHOP COUNTERFOIL NOTES, NEWS AND NOTIONS FROM THE INDUSTRY Adjusting Plug Gaps used with equal reliability by both in this class, ahead of a large number HE Champion people are of the oxy-acetylene and electric welding of other well-known cars marketed at opinion, I notice, that the average processes, and that the deposited much higher prices. Tdriver of a multi-cylinder engine metal retains its hardness even at a Of 158 starters, the performance of is unable to detect an intermittent temperature of 1250 0 F. It should be the Morris Fourteen was ahead of miss, which causes gradual fouling of emphasised, however, that this hard sixty-eight other cars, yet it was one the plug until it cuts out altogether. facing process requires a special of the lowest priced cars in the whole Proper setting of gaps is essential if technique as well as special welding rally. good service is desired. Variances of material. On one of the tests ninety-three .004 in. to .005 in. in this operation will The process renders it possible, cars of all types failed, the Morris sooner or later cause trouble. they say, to build up worn cams, being fairly high among those which Their experts state that for the tappets, splines and shafts and similar were successful. well-known electrical equipment in parts which hitherto have had to On a r in 3i stop and restart hill general use in this country, a gap of be discarded when they became worn, test twenty-one cars failed. These .022 in. has been found most satis- as the cost of reconditioning by other included specially designed sports factory. methods was often too high. cars and high-powered saloons, but If an engine misses at low speeds the Morris gained full marks and was or is "rough" when idling, and assum- A Germ Oil Booklet one of the fifty-four cars (out of a ing the carburetter setting is O.K. and • EADERS of The Mortars Owner total of 158) which passed through all breaker points clean and adjusted, the ; \ who would like to have an the tests and gained full marks on ; plug gaps should be increased by interesting little booklet re- the only untirried test. approximately .005 in. ; and vice versa, lating to modern rear axle lubrication if an engine misses at high speeds, should write to Germ Lubricants gaps should be closed by .005 in. It Limited, of City Gate House, Finsbury has been found that even with the most Square, London, E.C.2, and ask for careful annealing of the wire used for their publication No. 2348. Dealing electrodes there is a slight tendency exclusively with extreme pressure to straighten when first run in an lubrication, this little book, which is engine. It is recommended, therefore, fully illustrated with diagrams and ow? that after 500 miles the gaps should tone engravings, will gladly be sent .ctorp be checked and adjusted if necessary. gratis upon receipt of one of the post 'A cards to be found in our advertise- crs' Garage Doors ment pages. N interesting garage door is marketed by Silent Gliding Doors Desmo's New Lists .A Ltd., of 33 Archer Street, T HAVE received from Desrao London. The door is supported on Limited, of Stafford Street, steel rollers which, however, instead Birmingham, 4, a small brochure of running along the orthodox metal devoted entirely to mascots. This channel run on a soft rubber track, concern runs a very comprehensive flush with the floor. Underneath range, and there should be something this rubber track is a hardwood strip, to suit every class of car and car owner grooved to take a metal flange which to be found therein. Prices range depresses the rubber track as the from as little as 5s. 6d. up to four door passes over it. guineas. Thus a perfectly flat track, which Desrao's have also sent me the cannot possibly harbour dust or 1937 edition of their pocket catalogue stones, and at the same time a positive containing close on roo pages of control for the door, are secured. interesting motoring accessories. Both For a moderately-sized garage a set these publications are available to of doors so fitted costs approximately readers of this journal upon request Lb. to the above address. This Alap-Autowash glove marketed by S. Dennis Browne, of 12/13 Pulwood Place, A New Welding Process East Meets West On Shell London, W.C.1, which sells at half a ■ guinea, is attached to the hose. ESSRS. BARIMAR LTD. tell 111 HE Divine Wind, which made such I. a spectacular flight to England me that a new "hard facing" Weathershields' Prices M welding process is being used with Coronation Greetings from for the restoration of worn parts— Japan in ninety-four hours, has HE increased cost of materials has, particularly those belonging to motor broken the record for the return flight I learn, obliged Messrs. Weather- vehicles. It is equally effective on to Tokio. She flew xo,000 miles home Tshields Ltd., makers of all-weather steel and cast iron, in under a week. Her single engine motor equipment, of 48 Moor Street, Although steel added by a welding used Shell Aviation Petrol. and Aero- Birmingham, 4, to increase their process is amenable to hardening Shell Lubricating Oil for both flights. prices by ten per cent. processes—particularly in electric furnaces—it is much better to use a The "Fourteen" in the Scottish Piston Rings at Brooklands weld feed rod that would become Rally ROOKLANDS Engineering Co. sufficiently hard in the air without T HEAR that the Morris Fourteen, lip Ltd., Brooklands Track, Wey- any further treatment. This result Jj competing directly with thirty-two bridge, Surrey, have been ap- has been achieved and it is somewhat cars in Class Four (engines from pointed agents for all Wellworthy remarkable that the feed rod can be 1300-22oo c.c.), gained fourteenth place products. •:3R<'? 10*, ce Grp 497 The MORRIS Owner JULY 1987 OTWER OWNERS' OPINIONS \Ai E are at all times glad to receive letters front readers for problication, no matter what aspect of motoring may be Wdiscussed. .Naturally, we do not hold ourselves responsible for nor are we necessarily in agreement with, the views expressed. We ash correspondents to make their ktlers reasonably brief. - Spare the Wild Plants ion occurred was not the Devil's Kitchen but another spot of the internal combustion engine and in Snowdonia. At the Devil's Kitchen the plant occurs in THE development great quantity in a locality where it is fortunately inacces- the reduction in price of motor vehicles have enormously sible, even with the aid of a rope. increased the mobility of the town-dweller until there is hardly an area anywhere in the country that is beyond his 3. The wild cotoneaster bush which botanists treasure reach. The countryman from his infancy is familiar with in North Wales is not the "common garden shrub "—several the countryside ; he has long been accustomed to all that other species of this genus being much more commonly he sees and can appreciate the beauty of Nature without cultivated. feeling any urge to ravish it. To the town-dweller, on the 4. The scarce water weed (Hydrilla verticillata) occurs other hand, all is new and strange ; he is astonished to see also much nearer to Lakeland than East Prussia, being known such beauty in hedgerow and glade, and would fain bear some in County Galway, Ireland. of it away to brighten his drab surroundings at home. If 3. The three rare clovers mentioned as confined to he came in ones or twos or even tens, no great harm would Cornwall are all now known in the Channel Isles, and the be done ; but when he comes in scores and hundreds, the fourth, the starry headed clover (Trifolium stellatum), still effect is dire, and desolation is left behind, not to mention occurs at its single permanent station in much the same untidy litter. quantity that it did when discovered in 1804. It will be agreed that few in the community consciously 6. The soldier orchid, said to be known from three of the or purposely do mischief; if they err it is through ignorance botanical areas of Britain, is not known to have been seen or thoughtlessness. When motorists visit the country they for about ten years—its extinction, if it is extinct, is almost should leave it as they find it ; they should neither uproot certainly due to natural causes. plants nor deposit rubbish and, indeed. do nothing to mar 7. The pasque flower is a plant of chalk downs which the pleasure of those that follow them. has never been recorded from Surrey or Middlesex: It Those who will heed no appeal are reminded that the public conscience has been stirred in this matter, and it is now an offence in many counties to uproot plants growing in any public place. London, S.W.1. H. E. GRIFFIN. General Secretary, THE COUNCIL FOR THE PRESERVATION OF RURAL ENGLAND. Now, Mr. Hardy ! , ...- rAVIi .....1 .* ii—•- I READ \\.- 1 - _ A Mr. Eric Hardy's article on" Britain's /0 ., .,..-• t , i ...:,_ , -: - —7,-; I,' .-Ifir:.ek: _ '''' N? ' .. Rarest Wild Flowers" in the April number of n N ' \ \ , \I .. ..14 .."'i ,:.. :, ...r — The MORRIS Owner with conliderable•interest \ • " and appreciation of the support which he gives \. — r t• , . to the movement to conserve our flora. There arc, however, a considerable number of Ma- st:dements of botanical fact which should be , „\. \r,‘ -- \, \(C,1 corrected before they are given further pub- 1.. licity. The most important of these are as . . I. ,'. , ,. t , .\. follows :— , z. The rare sedge Carex depauperata is, it is (ililli.!.1 ..., . -,.c.., , ,e,. ,-.0 true, restricted apparently to a single root in , :,1 . f., ..; 1 lri 161- : ) Surrey as stated, but it was not "eradicated," , ,,, ; , .,. , ; ,- .• but reduced to its present scarcity by natural ' Iliil'; ''w 1, "'i.;, f causes. Also it occurs in some quantity in ___, _,. Somerset. 2. The locality where the uprooting of the Snowdon I think sheep are the most stupid things in the world, Cyril." lily by a horticultural collector in "Er—yes, my lamb." ORA crs• The MORRIS Owner 498 JULY, 1987 Other Owners' Opittions—contd. after their conviction by the town jurors. In fact, anyone who stole goods exceeding thirteen-pence halfpenny in value could never have grown "by the Thames to London." The was liable to such treatment. This locally-devised law, Berkshire locality described by "Mileator" in the March unique in the annals of British jurisdiction, was rigorously number of The MORRIS Owner appears to be the same as applied during the fourteenth century, when there was much robbery in the district. The last execution took place in 1650. It was this practice that made thieves introduce Halifax into the curious litany which became a popular phrase : "From Hell, Hull and Halifax, good Lord deliver us I" Few people, I believe, know that the great terror of the French Revolution—Madame Guillotine—originated from the Halifax gibbet. Someone from France had taken a model of the instrument back with him, after a visit to the Yorkshire town, and so introduced the idea to his countrymen. Leeds. G.B.W. A Fine Little English Car I HAVE just completed a one-hundred-and-sixty-mile trip —over the world's worst roads—from Nairobi to Mount Kinangop and back in my Morris Minor. The run from Nairobi to the base of the mountain involves a climb of about three thousand feet to an altitude of 83oo feet, partly through dense bamboo forests where elephant and leopards and other big game are still plentiful. The trip was accomplished on only about four gallons of petrol and, although many large American cars boil on this strenuous trip in the "torrid" zone, the Minor maintained an efficient heat. Actually, although the equator is crossed on the way, due to the altitude the temperature is not very high, but the altitude affects the mixture. The photograph shows the car on the escarpment over- looking the Kedong Valley, the local name for this part of the Great Rift Valley. Nairobi. S. 3. MOORE, Junr. Oiling the S.U. Piston oR4., AN. THE oiling of the S.U. carburetter as fitted on the x6 li.p. 6-cyl. Mon-is Oxford of to34 is inconvenient in that it is necessary to remove two studs and dismantle the connection The guillotine's ancestor at Halifax. See letter from between the fume consuming head and the carburetter in G.13,W. on this page. order to oil the carburetter piston. I understand that in that discovered by my ancestor Job Lousley, in 1839 (Druce, Flora of Berkshire, 4, 1897)- 8. The Cornish bladderseed is now well known to grow in Buckinghamshire in addition to the counties mentioned by Mr. Hardy. 9. The purple Irish butterwort (Pinguicula grandiflora), though large flowered and ex- tremely handsome, rarely much exceeds one inch in the width of the blossom. A flower three inches across as described would be a first-class botanical curiosity ! I feel sure that you will appreciate that this is no carping criticism, but written in the name of accuracy, by a botanist who for many years has had unfailing service from Morris cars in travelling throughout the British Isles in the cause of science. Streatham, S.W. x6. 1. E. LOUSLEY. Off with his Head ! I ENCLOSE a photograph which shows a working model of the famous old Halifax Gibbet. It is well worth seeing, for besides the stone platform on which the original gibbet stood (in a court off Gibbet Lane, behind the Waterworks offices), practically no other tangible reminder of this epoch-marking instru- Mr. S. J. Moore's Morris Minor, which be praises in his letter, on the Kikuyu ment exists. The model is to be seen in Escarpment above the Great Rift valley, Kenya. Bankfleld Museum, Halifax. No charge is made. the Series II this difficulty is overcome by an upward sweep Sheep-liiters, cattle-thieves and other robbers caught in the old Forest of Hardwick were beheaded of the connection which keeps its lower side well above the at this gibbet top of the carburetter and consequently it is easy to remove ORA -ctick 741,),c te, jcvir, 1937 501 The MORRIS Owner Other Ozinters' Opinions—contd. is used in laboratories. This tube is inserted in the cell through the filler hole until it rests on either the plates or the screw at the top of the slide and inject a little thin oil the separators. Then if a finger be placed on the top end s and when required. and the tube withdrawn, the exact depth of the liquid above a the lower curve is again employed and the head of the the plates or separators is shown in the tube. A witness slide projects through a circular opening into the air intake. mark can be made on the tube by a file, filled in with sealing I have to suggest that the top of the intake should be drilled wax, and the battery can then be topped up to exactly the ...ted tapped, say * in., and a knurled bolt and fibre washer same level on every occasion. fitted, immediately above the carburetter slide. It would Simla. J. E. MOLONEY, Eng. Comdr., then be easy to remove this bolt and drop oil in with the R.I.N. certainty that ti would fall on to the head of the piston. The carburetter works so well that 4enerally the oiling Where Water Collects is put off and off owing to the above difficulty until all at OWNERS of Morris 8 h.p. cars sometimes find that the once the engine stops as a result of this omission. The coachwork develops rust where the body joins the running- board. When I purchased one last May I decided to find the reason and the remedy, and came to the conclusion that Ill grit collects in the ridge, scratches the paintwork and water rusts the body. I bought three yards of rubber draught excluder (see Illustrating Mr. illustration), price 8d., cut it in half and proceeded as Allred E. Burns's follows :— method of rust prevention, which Slacken nuts below running-board, cut pieces out to miss he expounds in bolts and insert the flat tongue of the draught excluder his letter on the and tighten the nuts. There is sufficient to pull through right. at the side of front wing where it will hold. I have found this method quite effective and hope that it will be of advantage to other owners. ll Handsworth, Birmingham, 21. ALFRED E. BURNS. Hill Climbing Recently I went to North Wales on business, and in stoppage occurs, of course, at night, when it is raining, when Llangollen enquired the way to Glynceiriog. I was given oil is not available, or at some other inconvenient moment. a route which Included the hill known as Alt-y-Bady, used, Stockport. T. BARNETT. I believe, very often in trials. I was told it has a gradient !This arrangement is no longer used in production. Series II models have a of z in 21 or 3. down-draught carburetter with horizontal piston chamber—En.] I was driving one of your 1935 16 h.p. saloons, there being The Series II Ten four occupants the total weight of whom was about fifty ORA A RECENT journey impels me to acknowledge the increasing crs' — The MORRIS Owner 502 JULY, 1937 Curing Clutch Spin will fmally be necessary to have the WINDSCREEN WIPERS clutch down so that a recorked clutch THE object of my letter is not plate may be fitted. The clutch hub in any way to complain of the lp HE windscreen wiper should also be examined to see whether service my 1931 Morris Cowley Tshould not be kept working any wear has taken place, and if this car is giving, since it has rendered after the rain has ceased; a several years of trouble-free motoring. is so, then the hub should be re- dry window increases friction placed. However, recently I have had con- tremendously, and therefore siderable difficulty in engaging the In your particular case we would Imposes a considerable strain strongly advise you to consult your gears when the engine is cold. I find on the mechanism. Morris Dealer, who will fit washers as that the clutch appears to be correctly On no account should the suggested or new plates, as an exam- adjusted with approximately in. free windscreen wiper be set in ination of the car will indicate, 41VA movement of the pedal, and would motion on a dry dust-laden 73%1. point out that normally, when the screen, although the hand Static Discharge at the Car- engine is warm, the clutch operates control may be used as a perfectly. Would you be so good as temporary expedient until a buretter to direct my best course, since I feel duster is forthcoming. THE other evening, when I had that the wholesale replacement of the occasion to look under the clutch parts is not required, and this Q bonnet of my Series I Morris is what has been advised locally. Eight, I noticed small sparks jumping I await your reply with interest. split pins securing each of the three from the carburetter to the petrol clevis pins. pipe. The engine was running at the AT the outset in replying to your This will satisfactorily lengthen the time and all seemed well, but I am query we would point out that life of the clutch for some time, but wondering if this spark is due to any A trouble such as you describe in eventually the wear in the inserted fault in the insulation and what I can engaging the gears is an indication corks will become so great that it do to correct it. that certain operating parts of the clutch have become worn, and it would therefore be reasonable to assume that the clutch plates and hub require renewing. However, before proceeding as you have been advised and replacing these parts, the following check may be made, since attention to this matter may give further life to your clutch without expensive repair. Clutch spin, the trouble you are experiencing, is caused by the sticking together of the clutch driving and driven plates, thus causing the driven plates to spin, when normally they should come to a standstill. The clutch centre plate and back with- drawal plate are connected together by means of three clevis pins, pointing to the rear of the car, which can be observed through the clutch inspection cover when the engine is rotated by means of the starting handle. Slight additional travel may be provided for the clutch plates by inserting a washer 1.5 mm. thick beneath the ORA JULY, 1937 505 The MORRIS Owner Information Bureau—contd. Dealer, who is somewhat distantly contact with the large hexagon union situated. piece of the petrol pipe. ntis intermittent spark which There is a possibility that the petro- can be seen jumping front the FRobt your description, it would lift was at fault, and in any event A carburetter to the petrol pipe seem almost certain that there we would recommend cleaning the need cause no alarm. It is a rather A was starvation in the petrol filter at the bottom of this fitting. rare phenomenon caused by static supply system, and we should be The filter barrel is easily removed by electricity which is induced by friction suspicious that the filter of the carbu- withdrawing the fixing screw, and the of the air through the carburetter, and retter is'in need of cleaning. To gain filter can then be cleaned by the aid is quite harmless. access to the carburetter filter it will of a stiff brush and petrol. Do not Probably the engine had not been be necessary to undo the large hexagon use rag or cleaning the filter, as it running long when you noticed these union piece at the carburetter end of tends to leave bits of fluff which might sparks and the throttle control was the petrol pipe, when the thimble-like give rise to trouble. After cleaning only partly open, thus restricting the filter can be taken out, together with the filter barrel attachment, screw it air passage in the carburetter intake the helical spring. up tightly and also check the petrol and making the air friction greater We think you will find that a good pipe union, as the failure of a petrolift than normal. The electricity produced deal of foreign matter has accumulated to raise petrol is very often due to in this way builds up in the carburetter in the filter, and this would restrict air leakage. until there is sufficient to overcome the resistance of the fibre washer, or the air, between the carburetter and petrol pipe ; the petrol pipe being the most convenient path to earth. The cure is to fit a copper washer (an ordinary sparking plug washer is quite suitable) in place of the petrol pipe fibre washer, next to the car- buretter. Stoppages in the Fuel Line MY 1933 model Morris Oxford car has given eminent satisfac- tion over a good period of running andQ I boasted that there has never been an involuntary stoppage on the road. My record, however, was broken ORA the other day, as the engine faded •Ltorp 44" cr right out when I was driving at about crs' 45 m.p.h. I tried flooding the carbu- retter, and this did not respond at first, but after a little while the petrol came through, and the engine started IN SEARCH OF SCENERY.—A Morris Ten-Four coupe crossing a gorge by a perfectly. Since this occasion, the rough timber bridge on the Eglinton Valley road, Southland, New Zealand. A Servicing Query 1 HAVE now covered 500 miles with my new Morris Fourteen-Six car, and am anxious to have the adjustmentsQ carried out which are prescribed in the list accompanying the guarantee. It would cause rue Lonsiderable inconvenience to take the car back to the vendor Dealers, who are situated some 15o miles away, and as I am fairly close to the Works, would you do what is necessary, as the manufacturers of the car ? TER 500 miles running adjust- ments are the obligation of the A supplier of the car, but in the circumstances there is no reason why they should not be carried out by the Dealer most conveniently situated to you. This, however, must be by mutual arrangement between the vendor and the Dealer you may select, The Yuvararof rarlakimedi, a southern Indian State, at the wheel of his new and we would suggest that you write M.G. Two-litre. Ws brother owns the Morris Eight tourer in which he is to the former, explaining the position seated. and asking for the transfer of the service under the Co-operative Servic- same thing has happened two or three the supply of petrol to the carburetter float-chamber. ing Scheme which operates between times, with the same result, and I am Morris Dealers. Most curious to know what exactly When replacing the filter, do not As regards bringing the car to the is wrong, for it can only be some little forget that the spring should be intro- Works, we should be only too pleased thing, which I am sure I could put duced first into the filter housing, and to effect the 500 miles adjustments, right myself without going to your then the filter, with its open end in 40ORA* , The MORRIS Owner 506 jUI.V, 1937 As, to the fitting of the new tyres it Ducis, near Marlborough, on r2th Bureau— Co Information is advisable that you should fit these May. but we should have to charge you for to the front of the car in order that The job requires much skill, and these, unless you brought to us a the possibility of front wheel skids an expert was brought to the village written authority from the vendor may be reduced to a minimum. Front to supervise the work. A spit of Dealers to send them our invoice. wheel skids are far more difficult to wood is passed right through the This is explained by the fact that the control than rear wheel skids, and for carcase, and a wagon wheel is attached to one end. This is used to turn the spit. More than half a ton of wood and coal was used, and the cooking took from 6 a.m. till about r p.m. A brick wall was erected to shield the fire from wind, or the meat would have been smoked and spoilt. It is fortun- ate that the weather kept fine, as the task would have been difficult in heavy rain. The meat was served to the villagers free, and any surplus was sold to visitors. Thanks RITTANY," Glasgow, C-4. SI .) wishes to thank " Voyageur " (J.B.M.) for his most inter- esting and informative letter duly received. R.A.C. Riviera Offices HE Royal Automobile Club an- nounces that, in view of the Tanticipated influx of visitors to the Riviera this Summer, the R.A.C. office at Nice will remain open until the end of June, or possibly until the AN OLD ENGLISH CUSTOM—Roasting an cox whole at the Coronation middle of July. .4(ORA■!fp festivities at Collingbourne Ducis, Wilts. In accordance with custom, the cls• 500 miles adjustments are a matter of service on the supplier's part, and are not incorporated in the manu- facturer's guarantee. El Tyre Pressures for the Eight I trays recently purchased second- hand a 1935 Morris Eight car, Q and as no Operation Manual was included I am wondering what are the correct tyre pressures for this model. Further, I intend purchasing two new outer covers and am wondering whether it would be more advisable to fit these to the front or the back wheels. Any information you can give me on this point will be appreci- ated. ip you wish us to supply you with an Operation Manual for A this particular model we can do so at a cost of is. rod: post free. It gives full details of tyre pressures and CI other running adjustments and main- OFF TO THE CONTINENT.—Mr. Hugh;Clevely, whose "Death's Counterfeit" tenance items. was chosen by the Crime Book Society as their book of the month, with his new Wolseley "25," with which he is enjoying a long European tour. So far as tyre pressures are con- cerned, for the two-seater model the tyre pressures should be 24 lb. per this reason alone it is advisable to R.A.C. office at Mentone has now been sq. in. both for back and front, and change the wheels round occasionally. closed until next season. for the four-seater and saloon models — the pressures should be 28 lb. per sq. IT is now to be made compulsory in. all round. Roasting the Ox for "jay walkers" in Hanover, Ger- These latter pressures are maximum ANY motorists assembled to many, to attend a class of instruction. pressures and a reduction of 4 lb. per witness the rare spectacle of on the rules of the road. For this sq. in. is permissible in the rear tyres M an ox being roasted whole on instruction each offender will be com- when the rear seats are unoccupied. the village green at Collingbourne pelled to pay is. 3d.