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HYE SHARZHOOM th Armenian Action 29 FA| December 2007 Vol. 29, No. 2 (100) Ethnic Supplement to The Collegian When is the Right Time? House Elbrechts Donate Collection of Photographs of Delays Vote on Armenian Genocide Armenian Churches to Armenian Studies Program Program Web site, making them pressure intensified on some repre- Opinion available to the world. Part of the sentatives to withdraw their sup- Elbrechts’ goal has already been BARLOW DER MUGRDECHIAN port. accomplished: the 157 images have ADVISOR The most commonly heard rea- been digitalized at CSU Fresno son for opposing the resolution was, under the direction of University On October 10, 2007, the House “It is the wrong time to consider the Photographer, Randy Vaughn- Foreign Affairs Committee nar- resolution.” The argument was that Dotta and will be available soon on rowly passed a resolution condemn- passage would damage relations the Fresno State web site – ing the Armenian Genocide of 1915. between Turkey and the United armenianstudies.csufresno.edu. Passage of the resolution by the full States or that the United States mili- The Elbrechts’ first trip to Tur- House would mean officially rec- tary interests in Iraq would be sub- key included not only the obliga- ognizing the Armenian Genocide. ject to increased danger. The war in tory sights of Istanbul, but also a Opposition to the resolution had Iraq is a “bad time” to consider a trip on public buses to the eastern primarily come from the White Genocide resolution. part of the country to see the “real House and the State Department, It has been ninety-two years Turkey.” There they chanced upon along with lobbying by the Turkish since the Armenian Genocide. the magnificent Church of the Holy government. The Turkish govern- When will it be the right time? Cross on Aght’amar Island in Lake ment had hired former U.S. Con- According to the arguments made Van. Built in the tenth century by gressman Richard Gephart, and by the Turkish lobby and certain an Armenian King Gagik Ardzruni, others, to lobby against passage of diplomatic circles, there never Anne and Richard Elbrecht in front of the walls of the first- the church is an architectural mar- the Resolution. would be a right time. century city of Anazarbus, situated below the 12th-13th century vel, its exterior walls covered with Congressional supporters of the The same type of argument was Armenian fortress of Anavarza. Photo: Courtesy Richard Elbrecht. intricate carvings of scenes from Resolution called for a vote on the made in 1990 in a Senate debate the Bible and Armenian history. House floor for full consideration and later in 2000 by President BARLOW DER MUGRDECHIAN Anne Elbrecht on what has become Several hundred miles north of and passage. Although more than Clinton. There would never be a ADVISOR a passion – photographing and Aght’amar, the Elbrechts visited 225 Congressmen had earlier right time if it were up to the perpe- documenting Armenian churches the medieval Armenian city of Ani, signed on as supporters (more than trators, the Turkish government. A 1987 vacation to Turkey was in the historic homeland of the Ar- with its world famous cathedral the 218 majority needed to pass), the beginning of a twenty-year od- menian people. As an outcome of SEE GENOCIDE PAGE 6 yssey that has taken Richard and their visits with Dr. Dickran and numerous churches, all in a Kouymjian, Berberian Professor of state of ruin due to recurring earth- David Kherdian Presents New Book Forgotten Bread Armenian Studies and Director of quakes and human neglect. Since then, they have visited and photo- Pilibosian; Sarkis Manavazian read the Armenian Studies Program, graphed churches in Kars, Mren, “My Escort,” “Orange Secret,” and they have decided to donate their Dogubayazit, Van, Moks, “They Bring Me Raisins,” by archive of 157 photographs, Diyarbakir, Urfa, Tarsus, Sis, Archie Minassian; Gina Jelladian “Churches of Historic Armenia: A Kayseri, Kharpert, Malatya, read “May I Have This Dance,” by Legacy to the World,” to the Arme- Merzifon, Shabin Karahisar, Diana Der Hovanessian; and Arman nian Studies Program at California Gireson, Trabzon, and the Oltu- Kalamkarian read “Dead Visitor” State University, Fresno, where the Penek Valley. by Leon Serabian Herald. photographs will become a perma- Der Mugrdechian then intro- nent part of the Armenian Studies SEE ELBRECHTS PAGE 8 duced Mark Arax, whose two es- says, one on Saroyan and the other Dr. Levon Zekiyan Visits Armenian on A.I. Bezzerides, are included in Forgotten Bread. Arax is an author Studies Program in November and award winning former journal- ist at the Los Angeles Times and is the author of two books, In My Father’s Name and The King of Photo: Dennis Shamlian California: J. G. Boswell and the L. to R.: Sarkis Manavazian, Pateel Mekhitarian, Barlow Der Making of a Secret American Em- Mugrdechian, David Kherdian, and Mark Arax. pire. Arax discussed his own feelings STAFF REPORT Kherdian is personally familiar as a writer and as someone who has with many of the seventeen authors read the works of many of the writ- Forty years ago David Kherdian represented in the anthology. Wil- ers in the book. In discussing For- conceived an idea to gather together liam Saroyan was a close personal gotten Bread, Arax characterized the works of Armenian-American friend and in fact his early mentor Kherdian’s role as “A selfless act… writers, and that idea came to frui- who suggested to Kherdian to fol- a labor of love.” He then read an tion in 2007 with the publication of low his heart and do what he liked excerpt from his own biographical his new book, Forgotten Bread: to do best—write. sketch on A.I. Bezzerides, part Ar- First Generation Armenian Ameri- Prof. Barlow Der Mugrdechian, menian and born in Fresno, who can Writers. of the Armenian Studies Program, was a writer and later one of Photo: Barlow Der Mugrdechian The Armenian Studies Program gave a brief background of the book, Hollywood’s best screenwriters. Dr. Levon Zekiyan from Venice, Italy paid a visit to the Armenian invited Kherdian, who was on a before introducing four members Arax called Kherdian’s work, Studies Program and Fresno State, November 14-15, to meet nation-wide speaking tour, to of the Armenian Students Organi- “An excavation of the past,” and with students and to introduce the Armenian Language Sum- Fresno State on November 14, zation to read some of the poems added, “The work was totally un- mer Program in Venice in August. L. to R.: Karine Frnzyan, Dr. where he had the opportunity to from the new book. expected. A lot of these poems and Levon Zekiyan, Knar Mekhitarian, Suzy Lopez, Kevork discuss Forgotten Bread before a Pateel Mekhitarian read “With Boghossian, and Pateel Mekhitarian, at the new Armenian large audience. the Bait of Bread” by Helene SEE KHERDIAN PAGE 7 Students Organization booth in the Free Speech Area. 2 Hye Sharzhoom December 2007 Armenian Studies Program California State University, Fresno Book/Video/CD/Archival Gifts Dr. Dickran Kouymjian and the Armenian Studies Pro- Armenian Studies Program gram would like to thank the donors, authors, and pub- lishers for the following books, periodicals, videos, and Spring 2008 Schedule of Courses archival gifts either offered personally or to the Program. Course Units Time Day Instructor Nicholas Afanasiev, The Church of the Holy Spirit, translated by General Education Vitaly Permiakov; edited with an introduction by Michael Plekton. Arts & Humanities, Area C2 Foreword by Rowan Williams (Indiana: University of Notre Dame • ArmS 20 Arts of Armenia 3 DGT CAMPUS D Kouymjian Press, 2007). A gift of the publishers. (Class #37073) Karabet Akbiyikian, for the banner depicting the Armenian alphabet. The Flower of Paradise and other Armenian Tales (Connecticut: • ArmS 20 Arts of Armenia 3 DGT CAMPUS D Kouymjian Libraries Unlimited, a member of Greenwood Publishing Group, (Class #37567) 2007), edited and with a foreword by Virginia Tashjian; translated • ArmS 20 Arts of Armenia 3 DGT CAMPUS D Kouymjian and retold by Bonnie C. Marshall. A gift of the publisher. (Class #37685) Archpriest Fr. Hovsep Hagopian, for his gift of his CD The Mystery of Holy Etchmiadzin, Where is Your Faith?. Arts & Humanities, Area C1 Gohar & Hagop Samarjian, for a collection of Armenian books. Martin Tourigian, for the music book of his original compositions. • Arm 1B Elementary Armenian 4 10:30A-11:35A MWF B Der Mugrdechian Nerses Virabian, Mortsvadz Tsegh Me [A Forgotten Race], a gift of (Class #35411) the author (2007). Arts & Humanities, Area IC L’Années de l’Arménie : 26 Catalogues • Arm 148 Masterpieces Arm Cult 3 9:00A-9:50A MWF B Der Mugrdechian Compilé par Dickran Kouymjian (Class #35413) 2006 Maxime Yevadian, Enluminures symboliques d’Arménie. Dentelles de • ArmS 108B Arm History II 3 9:30A-10:45A TTh B Der Mugrdechian pierre, d’étoffe, de parchemin et de métal, Musée de Montélimar, Lyon, 2006, 167 pages. (Class #32375) 2006-7 Les douze capitales d’Arménie, Centre des monuments nationaux, La • ArmS 121 Armenian Painting 3 DGT CAMPUS D Kouymjian Conciergerie, 15 décembre 2006 – 22 avril 2007, photographies de Zaven (Class #37689) Sargssian, texte par Mourad Hasratian et Claude Mutafian, Paris : Cofimar, 2006, 64 pages. • ArmS 120T Armenian Church 1 5:00P-9:50P Friday B Der Mugrdechian 2007 Dans les montagnes d’Arménie. 500 000 ans d’histoire avant notre ère, (Class #43292) 9:00A-5:00P Saturday sous la direction de François Fichet de Clairfontaine, Musée archéologique de Class meets Friday and Saturday, February 8 and 9, 2008. Saint-Raphaël 12 janvier-19 mars 2007, Musée départemental des Antiquitiés • ArmS 120T Armenian Genocide 1 5:00P-9:50P Friday B Der Mugrdechian – Rouen, 3 avril-23 juillet 2007, Rouen-St Raphaël, 2007, 208 pages. 2007 Livres d’Arménie, collections de la Bibliothèque nationale de France, (Class #43291) 9:00A-5:00P Saturday 30 janvier-25 mars 2007, catalogue par Annie Vernay-Nouri, Paris : BnF, 2007, Class meets Friday and Saturday, April 11 and 12, 2008. 118 pages. 2007 Aïvazovski (1817-1900), la poésie de la mer, Musée national de la For more information call the Armenian Studies Program at 278-2669 Marine, sous la dir. de Chahen Khatchatourian et Marjolaine Mourot, Paris : Thalia, 2007, 127 pages. or visit our offices in the Peters Business Building, Room 384. 2007 Sarian ou les couleurs de l’Arménie, Musée français de la carte à jouer, Get a Minor in Armenian Studies. Check on requirements 1er février – 31 mars, Issy-les-Moulineaux, Paris, 2007, 45 pages. for the Minor in Armenian Studies in the 2007-2008 catalog: 2007 Léon Tutundjian. Abstractions1925-1930, Galerie le Minotaure, 1er février – 10 mars, Paris, 2007, 154 pages. http://www.csufresno.edu/catoffice/current/armstudhd.html 2007 Paradjanov le magnifique, exposition 13 février - 2 avril 2007, Sophie Kaplan (commissaire), Paris : École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts, 2007, 244 pages. 2007 La Nouvelle Djoulfa, 400 ans de présence arménienne à Ispahan, 14 HYE SHARZHOOM février - 29 avril, Arby Ovanessian (commissaire), Antony : Maison des arts, 2007, 32 pages. 2007 À la recherche de Serguei Paradjanov, sous la dir. de Dominique Bax et Cyril Béghin, Théâtre au cinéma, vol. 18, Bobigny : Magic Cinéma, 2007, 175 FA| Photo: Barlow Der Mugrdechian remembers piano being so impor- opening scene from movies made Today music scoring is more L. to R.: College of Arts & Humanities Associate Dean Joe tant to Atmajian, that when the in the 1940s and 1950s, which advanced because of new technol- Diaz, Dean Vida Samiian, and Jeff Atmajian. family would travel to Santa Cruz Atmajian referred to as the “Golden ogy. Atmajian says the technology for vacation, his mother, Donna, Years of Hollywood.” The open- doesn’t always make things easier. SARAH SOGHOMONIAN Atmajian’s name can be found would drive him to the nearby uni- ing scene of “A Place in the Sun,” “There is a lot more choice,” he SPECIAL TO HYE SHARZHOOM on the credits of films such as “The versity so he could practice. “His which featured music by Franz said. “Nothing is finished until the American President,” “Passion of music was always really important Waxman, took the viewer to an- last possible minute.” When Jeff Atmajian began at- the Christ,” “Blood Diamond,” to him,” Karabian said. “He just other place in time. “That music is Atmajian says he’s glad he had tending Fresno State in the late “The Sixth Sense,” and “Termina- loved the piano.” saying this is big,” Atmajian said. the guts to stick with his passion of 1970s he had to make a choice. He tor 3.” He worked with Barbara Atmajian said his parents al- “Hollywood was a place of music, instead of going the more had to decide if he was going to Streisand on the “Mirror Has Two ways supported him. He knows his dreams.” traditional route. play it safe and study mechanical Faces” and has rubbed elbows with father, Ron Atmajian, who passed In the early1960s Atmajian said “It’s a fascinating and interest- engineering or follow his passion some of Hollywood’s best com- away in 1984, would be proud of the music in movies became more ing thing to work in,” Atmajian and study music. He went with posers. all he has accomplished. intimate. While an orchestra was said. “I’ve been fortunate.” music. Twelve film scores, which His mother, Donna Robinson, “For a long time I worried about Atmajian has worked on, have been of Fresno, says that when she and Second Call for Entries for Ninth how I was going to make a living,” nominated for the Academy Award. Atmajian’s stepfather Warren see a Atmajian said. He often works as an orchestrator movie Atmajian has worked on, Annual Armenian Film Festival they wait with excitement to see his When Atmajian, 47, graduated for composers such as James New- Spring 2008 Deadline for entries to be re- name in the credits. “We’re very with his bachelor’s degree in 1983 ton Howard, Rachel Portman, Marc (Date to be Announced) ceived is January 15, 2008. proud of him,” Robinson said. “He he headed to Los Angeles to con- Shaiman, and Gabriel Yared. Please send the video/DVD to: has always been a wonderful son.” tinue his studies at the University In the coming months Sponsored by the Armenian While Atmajian, who splits his of Southern California. Atmajian’s work will be heard in “I Students Organization Armenian Film Festival time between homes in Los Ange- While studying film scoring at am Legend” starring Will Smith Armenian Studies Program c/o Armenian Studies Program les and London, often gets back to USC, Atmajian worked side jobs. and “The Bucket List” with Jack Partially funded by the 5245 N Backer Ave. PB4 Fresno to visit his family, he hadn’t He often took gigs playing piano Nicholson. Diversity Awareness Program Fresno, CA 93740-8001 spent much time at his Alma Mater, for dance classes. After graduation Atmajian would like to make of the University Student Fresno State, since graduating. he worked for a church in Southern the transition to composer. He Union, CSU Fresno Entries should be accompanied California. Atmajian never gave worked as the composer on On Oct. 22 he came back to by a CV of the director/writer where it all started, to speak as part up on his dream to work in film “Screamers,” a documentary about Second Call for Entries and a synopsis of the film. of the College of Arts and Humani- scoring, but said the competition in the Armenian Genocide and com- Entries are being sought for the ties lecture series, featuring distin- Telephone 559-278-2669 Hollywood was tough. Around his posed a 2005 summer program, 9th Annual Armenian Film Festi- guished alumni. 30th birthday everything began to titled “Creation,” at Orange val to be held on the California Email: [email protected] Atmajian, who spoke about the fall into place. County’s famous Crystal Cathe- State University, Fresno campus. history of music in movies, used “I was thrilled because I was dral. Films made by Armenian direc- The Festival Committee will clips from films to illustrate the happy,” Atmajian said. “I was “I’m trying to get my music tors/writers, or films with an Ar- meet to view and judge which importance of the score. Without working on films.” heard,” Atmajian said. “In hopes menian theme are being sought. entries will be accepted for the music, movies would lose the Over the last decade and a half, someone is going to say, ‘I want Films up to 1 hour in length. Film Festival. Entrants will be viewer’s interest and would make Atmajian has helped score the mu- him to do my film,’ I like his mu- Films may be in any language, contacted by email with the establishing emotion more diffi- sic of some of Hollywood’s big- sic.” English preferred. decisions. gest pictures. As a child growing up in Fresno, cult. 4 Hye Sharzhoom December 2007 Fresno State Graduates With Minors-Fall Semester 2007 Name: Zhanna Bagdasarov was passionate to learn about, throughout college. I chose to educate myself in Armenian Major: Experimental Studies along with majoring in Business-Real Estate. This allowed me to grow academi- Psychology- cally, while also learning about issues I am very interested in. Clinical Emphasis, MA How have the Armenian Studies courses expanded your knowledge of the Armenian culture? How was your college experience af- I have gained so much knowledge of the Armenian culture, which has aided me to better fected through your involvement with understand myself. I am a third generation Armenian-American. The program has given me the Armenian Studies Program? knowledge that I would otherwise not have; about famous Armenian painters, and about I have been involved with the Armenian the numerous sufferings that the Armenian people faced, which inevitably strengthened the Studies Program in various capacities Armenian culture. These included the fall of the last kingdom of Armenia, Roman and over the years, from being a member of Persian wars, and the genocide less than 100 years ago. I have knowledge of my ancestors’ the Armenian Students Organization, to past that ultimately created a strongly bonded Armenian culture. I have gained insight of being the editor of Hye Sharzhoom, I what the culture has developed into today, and I am able to pass this onto my children in the have gained valuable opportunities for future. I am a more rounded person academically and culturally because of the Armenian networking. The lectures I have at- Studies Program. tended over the years have broadened my horizons and the people I have met What are your plans after graduation? have made my college experiences much I plan to take and pass the California Real Estate exam for a Broker’s License. I can then own more enjoyable. a real estate company to serve the needs of members of our community in both commercial and residential real estate. I have worked in commercial real estate for almost seven years How have the Armenian Studies courses expanded your knowledge of the Arme- now and have gained much experience and knowledge. I have also conducted business in nian culture? real estate with a CA Real Estate Agent’s License for over one year. Real estate is my passion Armenian Studies courses have provided the bulk of the knowledge I currently possess and I am fortunate to have found a career I love. I hope to be successful so that I can continue about the history, land, arts, and language of Armenia. Prior to taking the various classes my support after college and donate to the Armenian Studies Program and Fresno State. offered by the Program, I knew very little about my culture and people. I am truly grateful to the faculty of the Armenian Studies Program for all the help, support, and patience over the years. Name: Ara Nalbandian Major: Computer Science What are your plans after graduation? Immediately following graduation I plan to begin full-time employment while also teaching courses part-time within the Department of Psychology. I plan to work for How was your college experience af- about a year and use the time to discern doctoral program options. Ultimately, I hope fected through your involvement with to enter a Ph.D. program in order to continue researching topics in cross-cultural the Armenian Studies Program? psychology. The Armenian Studies Program has given me the opportunity to become Name: Sebouh Krioghlian more involved with the Armenian com- munity and by doing so I have become Major: Biology- Physiology more aware of how unique the Arme- & Anatomy nian culture is. Minor: Armenian Studies, Honors Program How have the Armenian Studies courses expanded your knowledge of How was your college experience the Armenian culture? affected through your involve- The highlight of my Armenian studies ment with the Armenian Studies came directly from Dr. Dickran Program? Kouymjian. The passion, experience, Whether it was strengthening my and extensive knowledge of the Arme- ability to speak Armenian, or learn- nian culture that Kouymjian brought to ing more about the culture and his- his courses has given me a deeper understanding of our culture that I would not have tory of the Armenian people, I ben- received anywhere else. efited greatly from the opportuni- ties provided by the Armenian Stud- What are your plans after graduation? ies Program. One of the most positive and enjoyable experiences was traveling to After graduation I plan on achieving all of my professional and personal goals. Armenia for the summer study-abroad course of 2005 with eight other Armenian studies students. Being able to see and touch what I had been previously studying from words and slides was an amazing way to reinforce all of the material that had been accumu- Name: Evan Stockdale lating from the courses. Major: Criminology Minor: Armenian Studies How have the Armenian Studies courses expanded your knowledge of the Armenian culture? How was your college experience affected The courses available through the Armenian Studies program covered a wide range of through your involvement with the Ar- topics. Of all of the courses I took, Masterpieces of Armenian Literature was probably menian Studies Program? the most enjoyable and interesting. Whether it was reading the old Armenian fairy tales, My college experience has been quite an or the painful poems of Siamanto, I was exposed to a world of Armenian literature that adventure. I am very proud and fortunate to I had not previously seen. In the end, these courses individually went into great detail. have been involved with the Armenian Stud- Although it may be easy to forget some of the many details, the program succeeded in ies Program throughout my college career. a greater way in that it gave me a base of knowledge that cannot be lost, upon which I The people I have met and the places I have can now build on my own. traveled with the Armenian Studies Pro- gram have truly impacted my life and What are your plans after gradua- allowed me to expand my horizons. tion? I plan to enroll in medical school for the Fall of 2008. Until then I will continue How have the Armenian Studies courses working as an instructor at the Eurgubian expanded your knowledge of the Arme- Academic Center, while also research- nian culture? ing. Throughout my college career I have taken many courses because it was mandatory. The Armenian Studies courses are classes that are Name: Tara Lee not mandatory for students to take. I had the opportunity to visit Armenia in the summer of Major: Business 2005 with Barlow Der Mugrdechian and several other Armenian Studies students. If it Administration, weren’t for my involvement with Armenian Studies I would not have had the opportunity to submerge into my heritage like I did. I am very thankful for the opportunity to have done Option: Real Estate so many remarkable things through this program. Minor: Armenian Studies How was your college experience af- Photos of Zhanna Bagdasarov, Tara Lee, Ara Nalbandian, and Evan fected through your involvement with Stockdale by Randy Vaughn-Dotta. the Armenian Studies Program? I was able to be involved in something I Photo of Sebouh Krioghlian by Barlow Der Mugrdechian. December 2007 Hye Sharzhoom 5 Viktoria’s Place Restaurant Provides Home-Style Armenian Food ished. I couldn’t figure out how by hummus, vegetables, and Ara- Who wouldn’t like a cozy place to something that looked so dull and bic pita bread. As for the salad, it unwind, enjoy delicious food, and secluded from the outside managed was a bit mediocre at first, but after socialize with loved ones? Trust to look like a trendy restaurant in- I put the special house dressing on me—don’t let the exterior fool you side. Right away, I noticed an array it, it became something to be de- because the interior has so much to of beautiful paintings and tradi- sired. offer. tional Armenian musical instru- All in all, the food, the service, Viktoria’s Place restaurant is ments hung on the walls. I also and the ambiance were definitely located at 488 W. Herndon Ave, at couldn’t help but turn my attention up to par with other local dining the corner of Herndon and Ingram to the flat-screen televisions and a establishments. It is certainly a place Avenues. The telephone number is state of the art kitchen where the to bring your friends and family. 559-261-1505. head-chef Viktoria, whom the res- taurant was named after, was busy preparing something that smelled divine. My sister and I were greeted by Viktoria’s husband and the restau- rant owner, Zograb Tsolokian. We Viktoria’s Place owners Zograb Tsolokian and wife Viktoria. were seated at the booth of our choice and given an extensive SVETLANA BAGDASAROV because that same corner used to be menu. The variety of options ranged STAFF WRITER the home of a Psychic Reader and I from Zograb’s noteworthy pizza just couldn’t visualize it trans- and calzone, to classic Armenian In an effort to break my monoto- formed into a restaurant. Neverthe- cuisine, to simple but tasty sand- nous lunch routine and spend my less, I was on a mission to find a wiches and salads with house dress- money at someplace other than res- new place that I could add to my list ing. Since I usually prefer to order taurants such as Subway, Denny’s, of exceptional restaurants. So with meat, I wanted to order beef or Panda Express, or Broilers, I took my sister for companionship and a lamb; however, I was craving my sister’s advice and went to second opinion, I was ready to chicken. I can honestly say that it Viktoria’s Place. The restaurant re- evaluate. was the best chicken I have ever cently opened and it is located on When we arrived I felt as though tasted, so well prepared and tender Viktoria’ Place restaurant is located at 488 W. Herndon, at the the corner of Herndon and Ingram we were going to a friend’s house that I hardly had to chew. The rice corner of Herndon and Ingram Aves. streets, across the street from Wal- for lunch instead of a restaurant. pilaf and bulghur pilaf were the Photos: Barlow Der Mugrdechian Mart. I didn’t know what to expect, As we stepped inside, I was aston- perfect side dishes accompanied California State University, Fresno Armenians on the Internet Armenian Studies Program PATEEL MEKHITARIAN STAFF WRITER Armenian Studies 120T- There are many children in Armenia that come from impoverished families and due to the economic instability in Armenia, orphanages are a positive option for many parents. The Armenian Church orphanages in Armenia have a goal of bettering the lives of children through education. There are more than 14,000 children who do not attend school in the Republic of Armenia because their families are unable to meet the basic costs of their education. The existence of these orphanages has positively affected the lives of so many children. Prof. Barlow Der Mugrdechian Orran www.orran.am The course will examine the history of the Armenian Church, its practices and beliefs. The role of the church in Orran is a benevolent non-governmental organization (NGO), which was established in the Diaspora will also be discussed. Students will watch Yerevan, Armenia, in April 2000. With the help of generous donors, Orran was able to move videos featuring the Blessing of the Holy Muron and to a larger center to take in more children in May 2004. The new four-storey center provides consecration of churches. the Orran family with five classrooms, a library, a computer room, a social activity area, a dental office, and a garden. There are currently 65 children and 35 needy elderly in the Program. Orran has a goal of helping families in need in Armenia. FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 8, 2008 • 5-10 PM SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 9, 2008 • 9 AM-5PM Mer Doon www.mer-doon.org Meet in Science II, Room 307 Fresno State Mer Doon, established in 2005, provides a family setting for young adults in Armenia who have out- Fresno State students enroll grown their stay in Armenian orphanages. Mer Doon gives them an opportunity to become valuable mem- through web registration. bers of Armenian society. The Mer Doon home is in Class Number 43292 Etchmiadzin and currently ten young women stay there. Each woman is required to further her education by learning French, Russian, and English. In addition, THE COURSE IS OPEN TO THE PUBLIC they receive religious education and are trained by the FOR A FEE OF $50 PER PERSON. staff in personal and social skills, and in crafts such as carpet-weaving. Mer Doon’s mission is geared to- wards education, empowerment, leadership, the fam- To register for the class contact the ily environment, self-sufficiency, and breaking the Armenian Studies Program or cycle of dependency. come to the first class session. Armenia can always use help from outside sources for educating the children of Armenia. Contact the Armenian Studies Program, 278-2669, The children are the future of the country, therefore, it is essential to continue the support for these organizations. For more information about any of these organizations, please visit for more information. their websites. 6 Hye Sharzhoom December 2007 Dr. David Gaunt Introduces Audience to New Findings on Assyrian and Armenian Genocides and state that he had misstated his mixed in well with the population. Mehmet Reshid Bey, a military assertions about the Armenian Dr. Gaunt has also researched doctor, one of the first Young Genocide. On April 23 and April the deportation routes that have not Turks, and a member of the “Spe- 24, they set out to meet in the small before been seen on the usual maps- cial Organization” (Teshkilati village where the mass grave had Erzerum-Diarbekir-Mardin to Mahsusi). When he was asked why been discovered. The hole was ex- Mosul for example. This new in- he, as a doctor, could have com- amined by Dr. Gaunt to see what formation was from Assyrian docu- mitted such a loss of life, he said, had been discovered. What he dis- mentation-the Assyrians usually “As a doctor it is my responsibility covered was that there were no were in place for a little longer than to remove microbes from the body bones at all in the hole. Dr. Gaunt the Armenians, especially in mixed of the nation.” believed that the site had been ma- population areas. The Armenians Mehmet Reshid was not above nipulated and tampered with be- were always arrested first-the no- manufacturing evidence. He pur- fore his arrival, but the Turkish tables, clergy, wealthy merchants, ported to find a cache of weapons officials became angry with him, physicians were put into prison and by going through the Armenian because they thought that he would tortured and killed. Then this would houses. We actually know the ex- agree with their position and state- be extended to other religious act number of weapons, because it ments about the site. groups. It gave the initial appear- was reported to the military-they All of this was going to be used ance that the Assyrians were not found 12 weapons. Rafael de Dr. David Gaunt as an example by Halaçoglu, that being deported, but they were de- Nogales, a Venezuelan mercenary Photo: Barlow Der Mugrdechian there was no Armenian Genocide. ported, only later. Dr. Gaunt’s book for the Turkish army, when shown STAFF REPORT was a window of opportunity so The Turkish government is so con- Massacres, Resistance, and Pro- the pictures of the weapons, saw that cooperation could take place, vinced that nothing happened, yet tectors documents 250 separate them as a falsification. De Nogales Dr. David Gaunt, Professor of but in Dr. Gaunt’s words, “It didn’t they still manipulate evidence. massacres of Armenians in villages had an interview with Reshid, History at Södertörn University work out too well.” Dr. Gaunt conducted research and towns. where Reshid said he had an order College, Stockholm, Sweden, gave The area that was to be jointly for his book in three Ottoman Turk- Dr. Gaunt was surprised to find from Talaat Pasha to “Burn. De- a lecture entitled “Massacres and studied was on the Turkish border, ish provinces-Diarbekir, Bitlis, and that a large number of Ottoman stroy. Kill.” Three words. Reshid Resistance: The Genocide of the near Syria and Iraq, but in Turkey. Van, and the Persian province of Turkish officials refused to carry was scaring the government by Armenians and Assyrians Based There were formerly Christian (Ar- Azerbaijan. These are the areas that out the orders of the massacres and constantly talking about kaimakans on New Archival Evidence” on menian and Assyrian) villages he concentrated on and conducted deportations. Some sent letters to that were killed by the Armenians Tuesday evening, May 8, 2007. there, which were then converted research in Russian, western Euro- Constantinople, protesting against and large numbers of weapons that The lecture, part of the Spring 2007 to Islam by the Ottoman Turks. pean, and Turkish archives. the planned actions against the Ar- the Armenians had. His killing of Lecture Series of the Armenian Scientists found an opening in the Dr. Gaunt is a social historian menians. High officials sometimes Armenians was so extensive, that Studies Program, was co-sponsored ground and discovered 38 bodies, and for him there were many inter- were reassigned and kaimakans (of- even the German government, al- with the Assyrian American Na- thought to be Armenians and esting questions. Who was doing ficials) were murdered if they did lies of Ottoman Turkey, tried to tional Federation (AANF) and the Assyrians, who had been massa- the killing of Christians in 1915 not accept the orders. The governor force the government to dismiss National Association for Armenian cred in World War I. The grave was and what were the reasons behind of the region would report that Ar- him. Reshid deported or killed Studies and Research (NAASR). in a very isolated place, where it the killings? He especially wanted menian rebels had killed these men- 120,000 Armenians from his prov- The lecture was based on find- would have been easy to get rid of to understand how it was that neigh- however the families of the ince by September 1915. ings from Dr. Gaunt’s recently pub- people, since there were many stor- bor was killing neighbor. How do kaimakans knew what had hap- Dr. Gaunt presented much valu- lished book Massacres, Resistance, age holes and other natural caves. you kill someone you know, your pened. All of these Turks who pro- able new information to the audi- Protectors: Muslim-Christian Re- Yusuf Halaçoglu, President of the neighbors? tested, were witnesses to what the ence, from a perspective that many lations in Eastern Anatolia During Turkish Historical Society, who Dr. Gaunt showed the audience central Government was planning, had not heard of before. Following World War I (Gorgias Press, 2006). frequently denies the Armenian a map of the area in question, which namely the Armenian Genocide. his lecture there was an opportu- Dr. Gaunt spoke about an inter- Genocide, had Turkish archaeolo- had a mixed Armenian and Assyrian In Diarbekir, the governor most nity for a question and answer pe- esting occurrence that took place in gists examine the site and then population. There were Christian responsible for the massacres was riod. Turkey two weeks before his lec- claimed that “Turks were massa- Orthodox Assyrians, Catholic ture. He was invited to Turkey to cred by Armenians.” Chaldean Assyrians, and Assyrians GENOCIDE, FROM PAGE 1 Is it expected that Armenians see if it would be possible to work Halaçoglu challenged Dr. Gaunt of the Nestorian Church. There were and supporters of the resolution with historians from Turkey in a to come to the site, hoping that Dr. many Assyrians in the Kharpert It is clear that the resolution will will be satisfied with the delay? scientific way. He thought there Gaunt would ask for forgiveness area who spoke Armenian, and who not be brought up soon and may be When is the right time? The cam- delayed until 2008. Under pressure paign against passage was marked from lobbyists, House sponsors of by persuasion and coercion, with Solar Energy Prophet Ciamician is Armenian the resolution, that would label as our own State Department leading genocide the 1915 killing of Arme- that effort. nineteenth century GEORGE B. KAUFFMAN nians by Ottoman Turks, have asked Republican Leader John and published old Ar- PROFESSOR EMERITUS OF Speaker Nancy Pelosi to delay a Boehner (R-Ohio), who opposes menian-Christian CHEMISTRY, CALIFORNIA STATE vote on the measure. the resolution, called the debate a manuscripts. A letter signed by four primary “debacle” by Democratic leader- UNIVERSITY, FRESNO Founded in 1701 in sponsors of the resolution, Califor- ship. “This entire situation calls AND Constantinople (now nia Democrats Adam Schiff, Anna their judgment into question,” said Istanbul) by Mekhitar GIORGIO NEBBIA Eshoo and Brad Sherman, and Frank Boehner. I think that it is Boehner Bedrosian of Sivas PROFESSOR EMERITUS OF Pallone, D-N.J. requested that the and like-minded Congressmen (1676-1749), the or- MERCEOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF vote be delayed. “We believe that a whose judgment should be called der was expelled from large majority of our colleagues into question. Since when is it right BARI, BARI, ITALY Constantinople in want to support a resolution recog- to avoid having the courage to speak SPECIAL TO HYE SHARZHOOM 1703 and settled in nizing the genocide on the House the truth on such an important ques- 1717 on the island of floor and they will do so, provided tion? Political expediency is no Concern with solar and other San Lazzaro, Venice. the timing is more favorable,” the excuse for standing up for the truth. forms of alternative energy, global Their community ar- lawmakers told Pelosi in a letter. Efforts to pass such a resolution climate change, and myriad envi- gued over a revised The group said they would con- are important in the struggle for ronmental problems have recently constitution by Ab- tinue to work with leadership “to admission of the Armenian Geno- proliferated in the media. But Al bot Stephen plan for consideration sometime cide. Gore, Gov. Arnold Melkonian, and in later this year, or in 2008.” The right time is now. Schwarzenegger, and others are not 1772 a group of dis- the first to advocate measures to sidents left Venice mitigate the adverse effects of our for Trieste. Fresno State’s actions on the environment. That The Ciamician Armenian Radio Show priority belongs to Giacomo Luigi family was fortunate Ciamician (1857-1922), the Ital- Giacomo Luigi Ciamician by moving to ian-Armenian chemist, several- Trieste. They “Hye Oozh” time Nobel Prize nominee, Italian avoided extermina- Senator for Life, and founder of nian historian. In 1850, Ciamician’s tion during the persecutions of Ar- Every Saturday morning from 9:00AM-noon photochemistry (reactions cata- family moved from Constantinople menians by the crumbling Otto- lyzed by light), who researched and (now Istanbul) to the thriving Ar- man Empire, beginning at the end KFSR 90.7 FM lobbied for solar energy in the early menian community of Trieste, of the nineteenth century and cul- On the internet at www.kfsr.org! 1900s at the University of Bolo- where they had ties with one of the minating in the first genocide of the gna, where the 150th anniversary Mekhitarist bishops. This congre- twentieth century. Thus Giacomo Fresno State students who are interested in of his birth was celebrated. gation of Roman Catholic Arme- Ciamician, who was a century ahead volunteering may contact station manager His family claimed descent from nian monks contributed to the Re- of his time, lived to become the Mikayel Ciamician [Chamchian], naissance of Armenian philology, father of solar energy. Joe Moore at 278-2598. the great eighteenth-century Arme- literature, and culture early in the December 2007 Hye Sharzhoom 7 Jack & Barbara Bousian Marguerite Hougasian Alice Muradliyan Thank You Annual Fund Donors Thagik Susie Boyadjian A.A. & B.A. Howsepian Peter Musurlian, (as of 11/28/07) Roxie Moradian Emma Bozmagian Charles Jamgotchian Globalist Films Benefactors The National Raisin Company, Brian Calhoun Haig & Marcia Jamgotchian Armenie Najarian The Bedrosian Family Dr. Arnold & Dianne Gazarian, Matt J. 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Roberts Patron Anonymous Richard & Anne Elbrecht Hagop & Ashkhen Krioghlian Rev. Lloyd Saatjian Bob Der Mugrdechian Bill & Florence Antablin Howard & Dorothy Emirhanian Louise Kupelian Dr. Ara Sanjian Stanley & Irene Antranikian Dr. Larry Farsakian Charles Kurtmen Sona Saroyan Friends Nevart Apikian Sam & Betty Farsakian Berjouhie Long The Leon A. Saryan Family Richard & Karen Adrouny Mark Arax Mary Firkatian Jerry & Helen Madigan John & Linda Shahbazian Lena & Varouj Altebarmakian Howard & Rose Marie Atamian Aram & Barbara Garabedian Brenda Magarity Dean Shahinian Tarjian & Harriet Bedoian Arten J. Avakian John Garabedian Perry Mamigonian Flo Thomasian Snyder James Derderian Alice K. Barter-Baird Bud Gaston Vahe Meghrouni Edward Sornigian Araxie M. Haroutinian Bethany Baker Gottchalks Department Store Clifford Melikian Denny Stavros, Ph.D. Robert Mokhtarian Lois I. Bedoian Dr. Alexander Grigorian Zabelle Melkonian Jean D. Terzian Sponsors George & Gail Bedrosian Seb Gunner Charles Merzian Apo Torosyan Zaven & Sonia Akian Joan Bedrosian Annette Gurdjian Jack Messerlian Martin M. Tourigian N. Leon Dermenjian Francine Bellefeuille Betty Haak Judy Michalowski H. Harry Vartanian Dr. H.O. Doumanian Diana Boghosian Dorough Raffi Haddad Armand & Nadia Mirijanian John & Alice Yaldezian James & Coke Hallowell Bill Bohigian Harold Hagopian Mid-Valley Packing & Supply Co. Leon Yengoyan Mr. & Mrs. John C. Ipjian Mark Bohigian Samuel & Barbara Hagopian Lillian & Moorad Mooradian Archie & Kathleen Zakarian Brian & Janalee Melikian Martin & Barbara Bohigian Carol Harootian Annette & John Moushigian Ramon Zorabedian Volume 16 of the Journal of the KHERDIAN, FROM PAGE 1 California State University, Fresno Armenian Studies Program Society for Armenian Studies short stories were new to me. It was hard to read them and not have Published With Eight Articles your breath taken away…Writing these stories and poems were the Armenian Studies 120T- The Society for Armenian Stud- first acts of remembrance, the first ies announces the publication of acts of honoring.” volume 16 of the Journal of the Armenian Genocide Arax then introduced Kherdian, Society for Armenian Studies. This a native of Racine, Wisconsin, latest volume includes eight ar- whose early experience there Prof. Barlow Der Mugrdechian ticles and fourteen book reviews. framed much of his later work. Dr. John Greppin of Cleveland Kherdian then moved west, to San State University served as the edi- The course will look at the Armenian Genocide of 1915, Francisco and Fresno, where he tor and Dr. Peter Cowe, Narekatsi met William Saroyan. Kherdian is from a variety of perspectives. Students will learn about the Professor of Armenian Studies at a prolific writer, who has dedi- causes of the Genocide and its effects on future generations. UCLA, as the book review editor cated his entire life to literature and Various videos will also be shown in the class. The eight articles are as follows: he writes across genres: books, journals, and edited collections 1. Matthew Jendian (California among others. State University, Fresno), “Inter- Kherdian read several excerpts FRIDAY, APRIL 11, 2008 • 5-10 PM marriage and Ethnic Boundaries from his book and discussed some of Armenian-Americans in Cen- SATURDAY, APRIL 12, 2008 • 9 AM-5PM of the influences behind his work. tral California.” In 1950 when Richard Hagopian, 2. Armen Petrosyan (Institute Marjorie Hovsepian, Peter Sourian, Meet in Science II, Room 307 of Archaeology and Ethnography, works related to Armenian studies. and Harry Barba were published, Yerevan, Fresno State Dr. Joseph Kéchichian of Los that gave hope to the young “The Problem of Identification Angeles has been appointed the edi- Kherdian that there would be a of the Proto-Armenians: A Critical tor of JSAS beginning with volume possibility to be an Armenian Fresno State students enroll Survey.” 17 (2008). The JSAS welcomes ar- writer, writing in English. The early 3. John A.C. Greppin (Cleve- through web registration. ticles for consideration and books writers such as Surmelian and Her- land State University), “Some New in the field for reviews. The editor ald, made a conscious decision to Class Number 43291 Ideas on the Status of the Urartian can be contacted by email at write in English, although they had Language in Armenian.” [email protected]. earlier written in Armenian, and 4. Hagop Gulludjian (UCLA), HE COURSE IS OPEN TO THE PUBLIC JSAS plays a valuable and con- this gave voice to a new Armenian T “On Armenian Parallels to tinuing role in the dissemination of identity in America. Beowulf.” FOR A FEE OF $50 PER PERSON. Armenian studies throughout the Kherdian said that Forgotten 5. Simon Payaslian (Boston academic world. The Journal re- Bread will last for a long time, University) , “Hovhannes Shiraz, flects the scholarship of its mem- because it brings to light writers Paruyr Sevak, and the Memory of To register for the class contact bers and is a window to the world of who had long been neglected. They the Armenian Genocide.” Armenian studies. have much to say to future genera- the Armenian Studies Program 6. Earl R. Anderson (Cleveland Volume 16 and back issues (Vols. tions. “This is an important work or come to the first class session. State University), “Traditional Epic 2-15) of the Journal of the Society as a first-time anthology of Arme- Themes in the Armenian Sasna for Armenian Studies may be ac- nian-American literature, and other Crer.” Contact the Armenian Studies Program, 278-2669, quired by contacting the Society’s books and articles can come out of 7, George Bournoutian (Iona Secretariat in care of the Armenian it,” stated Kherdian. Writing was a for more information. College), “Five Armenian Studies Program at Fresno State, luxury in the early period, because Chronicles of the 17th-18th Cen- 5245 N Backer Ave PB4, Fresno the new immigrants were con- turies.” CA 93740-8001 or call 559-278- cerned with establishing them- The Story of An Armenian Girl, The presentation was part of the 8. Artyom Kosmarski and Nona 2669 or by email at selves and raising their children to which detailed his mother’s expe- Armenian Studies Program Spring Shahnazaryan (Central European [email protected]. give them a better opportunity. riences in surviving the Armenian 2007 Lecture Series and was co- University, Budapest, Hungary and The cost of each Journal is $20 Kherdian said about Forgotten Genocide. He has been widely rec- sponsored by the College of Arts Kuban State University, plus mailing. Bread, “This work has unearthed a ognized as one of the most impor- and Humanities, Department of Krasnodar, Russia),“Krasnodar, The website for the Society for buried treasure, and now we can tant and distinctive voices in Ar- English, the Armenian General Karabakh, Moscow: Reflections on Armenian Studies is at http:// begin to see our own lives in terms menian-American poetry for nearly Benevolent Union, and Armenian a Post-Soviet Anthropologist at armenianstudies.csufresno.edu/sas/ of our own culture and history.” four decades. He was accompanied Students Organization. The lecture Home/in the Field.” index.htm. Membership informa- Kherdian is well known as the at the lecture by his wife, Nonny was funded by the Associated Stu- The fourteen book reviews in tion and general information on the author of the Newberry Award Hogrogian, an accomplished au- dents of Fresno State. JSAS 16 cover a broad spectrum of Society can be found at the site. Winner The Road From Home: thor and illustrator. 8 Hye Sharzhoom December 2007 ELBRECHTS, FROM PAGE 1 because of its low contrast and the highest hill in the area, most Asked why they have devoted highly saturated color, which facili- were rarely visited. Someone, they so much of their lives to this project, tates photographing both the felt, had to document these monu- the Elbrechts explained: “The pho- unilluminated church interiors and ments by photographing them be- Hold this Date! tographs give meaning to histori- the open skies and surrounding land- fore they disappeared altogether. cal accounts, and promote a deeper scapes at the same time. While Each of the Elbrechts’ nine trips Sunday, April 6, 2008 understanding of the elusive and some church drums and domes re- has included surprises. Typical plaintive history of an extraordi- main intact, many are missing due were their attempts in 1996 to reach nary people and their relationships to earthquakes and vandalism, leav- the Armenian churches at Horomos with the people around them.” The ing the interiors open to the sky. In and Mren. Horomos is located on Armenian Studies Program photographs interest people of all the case of one tenth-century church the Turkish-Armenian border ages, including children who ask – Surb Sarkis at Khtskonk near Ani about four miles northeast of Ani. 20th Annual Banquet when and why the churches were – the surrounding landscape is vis- Relying on roadmaps and the schol- built, scholars of art, architecture, ible from inside the church through arly articles they brought with and religion, who can see details of walls pierced by explosives planted them, they took an unpaved road, Fresno State campus church design and decoration not at the four corners in the 1960’s. hoping to find a trail that would readily available, and Armenians With the exception of the Armenian lead to the church. At the end of who treasure the images of their church of Saint Gregory the Illumi- the dirt road stood a military base Thank you to the Knights and Daughters of Vartan historical roots. nator in Kayseri, none of the with a sign reading “DUR” The detailed, brightly colored churches are currently functioning (STOP). “Tour-ist, tour-ist,” they for providing refreshments at the photographs that make up this col- as churches. Asked how did this said, hoping to get a friendly re- Armenian Studies Program Lecture Series. lection express the reality and spirit project come about, the Elbrechts sponse from the officers who came of the churches and their natural explain that on returning from their running over to their car. One of seventh-century church located on or barns. Despite the evidence of surroundings. Almost all were 1987 vacation, asked themselves the Turkish officers spoke English. the border about fifty kilometers vandalism, the major risks to Ar- made using a large-format Toyo whether identifying, locating, and Horomos, he said, was off limits southeast of Ani, which some menian churches in eastern Anatolia 45A field camera and 6 x 9 cm photographing these and other Ar- and could only be reached by heli- French scholars said was still in- at this time seem to be earthquakes color film. To help achieve a “com- menian churches might facilitate copter. But in typical Turkish fash- tact? The Elbrechts phoned an and aging.” plete record,” church interiors were their restoration. They began to ion, he invited the Elbrechts into Armenian friend in Los Angeles As long as time and health per- photographed using extra wide- comb scholarly publications about his office for tea. It was, he ex- who leads tours of Armenians to mit, the Elbrechts will return to angle lenses, including a 35-mm Armenian church architecture and plained, a very lonely posting. The Turkey and knows Turkey well. Turkey to photograph the extant Rodenstock Grandagon, a 47 mm learned that there were hundreds of soldiers weren’t allowed to leave “Hire a taxi,” he said. So the next churches – almost all of them edi- Schneider Super-Angulon, and a Armenian churches still extant in the base, even to go to nearby Kars day, maps in hand, Richard and an fices of majesty and beauty. Their 75mm Rodenstock Grandagon. Turkey, some built as early as the for a movie. obliging taxi ventured south toward presence tells the story of the three The film Fuji Reala was chosen seventh century. Often located atop But could they get to Mren, a Mren. On reaching yet another mili- thousand years of Armenian pres- tary roadblock, he was told again ence in the lands where Armenian that the church was off-limits and Christianity took root far more ac- reachable only by helicopter. Re- curately and persuasively than Shoghaken Folk Ensemble turning to the main road, they might be told by words. “It is stopped at a village whose Kurdish imperative that the government of chief offered to transport them to Turkey with active support from of Armenia the church on a tractor – an offer the world allow properly-trained Richard accepted. Mounting the specialists to restore and maintain tractor and sitting on one of its these monuments – which are in- The Shoghaken Folk Ensemble was founded in 1991 fenders with one hand on his cam- deed Treasures of the World – be- by dudukist Gevorg Dabaghyan in Yerevan. The group era case, the other holding a tripod fore they disappear forever.” uses only traditional Armenian instruments, maintain- and gripping the tractor’s support- Anne Elizabeth Elbrecht is a ing canopy, Richard endured the graduate of Wheaton College, Uni- ing an authentic sound with the duduk, zurna, dhol, 45-minute ride across the desolate versity of California Berkeley kanon, kamancha, shvi, and other instruments. Singers terrain of rocks and potholes, reach- School of Library Studies, and Hasmik Harutyunyan and Aleksan Harutyunyan are ing Mren in time to take the photo- McGeorge School of Law. She has known throughout Armenia, the former Soviet Union, graphs that are included in this col- just completed a lengthy thesis for and Europe for their unique interpretation of Arme- lection. The resulting photos of a Masters of Art Degree at Califor- Mren – with both drum and dome nia State University Sacramento. nian folk and ashoughagan (troubadour) music. still intact – made the trip alto- Her thesis examines the reporting gether worthwhile. of news in the New York Times and Tuesday, February 26 , 2008 “At each of the photographed the Missionary Herald about the churches, the Turkish and Kurdish Armenian Genocide. Richard A. villagers who live near the ruins Elbrecht is a graduate of Yale Uni- 8:00PM have helped us locate and photo- versity and the University of Michi- graph the churches,” the Elbrechts gan School of Law. As an under- Satellite Student Union report. “The villagers usually iden- graduate, he managed the photo- tify them as Armenian in origin. graphic staff of the Yale Daily Fresno State They seem to view them as part of News. Both Elbrechts retired from their own heritage, and apparently their positions as staff attorneys for Tickets are available now!Tickets-$20 adult • $10 Students want to care for them, especially the State of California in 2003. Armenian Studies Program • 559-278-2669 and other outlets. those in use as mosques, museums, Thank You Donors HYE SHARZHOOM Tatoul Badalian Watertown, MA NEEDS YOUR SUPPORT Emma Bozmagian Fresno Greg Dabanian Belmont Hye Sharzhoom is sent without charge to thousands of people throughout the Christine Darmanian Fresno world. Although there is no subscription fee, we urge readers to support our efforts Karl Deklotz, Fresno with donations of any amount. This request has assumed a special importance Fresno Commercial because of increased mailing costs. Mr. & Mrs. Richard N. 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